126
|
Greco AV, Manna R, Ghirlanda G, Altomonte L, Bertoli A. Does secretin control insulin secretion? EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY 1984; 84:81-6. [PMID: 6383849 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1210369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of secretin on insulin release has been studied in normal subjects after prestimulation with arginine. In order to make a comparison a pulse of glucose with arginine prestimulation was given. A pulse of 1 U/kg b.w. of secretin provokes a secretion of insulin that is weak and brief compared to that provoked by glucose; thus secretin fails to potentiate arginine-induced insulin secretion. Such a result does not support the hypothesis of secretin as the central hormone in the enteroinsular axis.
Collapse
|
127
|
Bertoli A, Barone C, Caputo S, Vagliviello L, Greco AV. [Insulin resistance in Werner's syndrome]. MINERVA ENDOCRINOL 1984; 9:261-3. [PMID: 6503910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
128
|
Greco AV, Ghirlanda G, Barone C, Bertoli A, Caputo S, Uccioli L, Manna R. Somatostatin in paroxysmal supraventricular and junctional tachycardia. BMJ : BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1984; 288:28. [PMID: 6140064 PMCID: PMC1444112 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.288.6410.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
129
|
Ghirlanda G, Uccioli L, Manna R, Altomonte L, Bertoli A, Raimondo S, Greco AV. [Somatostatin]. RECENTI PROGRESSI IN MEDICINA 1983; 74:214-26. [PMID: 6135246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
130
|
Grieco A, Bertoli A, Caradonna P, Caputo S, Greco AV. [Mebendazole and large echinococcal cysts]. LA CLINICA TERAPEUTICA 1983; 104:17-20. [PMID: 6825414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
131
|
Ghirlanda G, Uccioli L, Perri F, Altomonte L, Bertoli A, Manna R, Frati L, Greco AV. Epidermal growth factor, somatostatin, and psoriasis. Lancet 1983; 1:65. [PMID: 6129392 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)91594-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
132
|
Bertoli A, Greco AV, Caputo S, Caradonna P, Grieco A, Laghi V. Visceral leishmaniasis presenting with hypertrigliceridaemia. Lancet 1982; 2:504-5. [PMID: 6125674 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(82)90539-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
133
|
Abstract
The effect of oral administration of dexamethasone or cortisone on circulating red blood cell (RBC) insulin receptors was evaluated in normal males before treatment and 24 h (day 1), 48 h (day 2) and 72 h (day 3) after the commencement of steroid administration. Dexamethasone induced a slight significant decrease of insulin binding (p less than 0.05) on days 1 and 3, whereas cortisone did not. Cortisone, on the other hand, produced transient reduction (i.e. insulin binding lower than mean -2 SD of control values) in six subjects out of eight on days 1, 2 or 3 varying from subject to subject. Binding impairment was due mainly to reduced receptor affinity, even if slight reduction of receptor concentration was detectable. Qualitatively the present data agree that impaired insulin binding is due mainly to reduced receptor affinity; however, the effect of steroids on RBC is not significant and persistent as that on monocytes. The less marked effect of dexamethasone and cortisone on RBC versus monocytes indicates that receptor modifications may be tissue specific.
Collapse
|
134
|
Greco AV, Ghirlanda G, Altomonte L, Manna R, Palumbo P, Modugno I, Bertoli A. [Endocrine changes in hepatic cirrhosis]. RECENTI PROGRESSI IN MEDICINA 1981; 71:235-53. [PMID: 7034080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
135
|
Greco AV, Ghirlanda G, Altomonte L, Manna R, Rebuzzi AG, Bertoli A. Somatostatin and insulin infusion in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis. Horm Metab Res 1981; 13:310-4. [PMID: 6114915 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1019254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The effect of low-dose insulin infusion (4.8 U/h) in diabetic ketoacidosis was compared to that of low-dose insulin infusion (4.8 U/h) plus somatostatin (500 microgram/h IV). Treatment with insulin only in 20 patients caused normalization of blood glucose levels within 6 hours and resolution of ketoacidosis within 5 hours. During insulin plus somatostatin infusion in 7 patients, blood glucose levels returned to normal within 4 hours and acidosis was reduced within 3 hours. Correction of acidosis is the most important problem in diabetic ketoacidosis: in the severest cases cardiovascular and cerebral complications may ensue. The data presented show that addition of somatostatin to treatment with low doses of insulin reduces and resolves acidosis in a shorter time while plasma levels of glucagon and GH were concomitantly reduced.
Collapse
|
136
|
Greco AV, Ghirlanda G, Altomonte L, Manna R, Ucciolo L, Caputo S, Bertoli A. [Clinical aspects and therapy of diabetic coma]. RECENTI PROGRESSI IN MEDICINA 1981; 70:638-59. [PMID: 6115458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
137
|
De Pirro R, Forte F, Bertoli A, Greco AV, Lauro R. Changes in insulin receptors during oral contraception. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1981; 52:29-33. [PMID: 7451643 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-52-1-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Combined estrogen/progestagen oral contraceptives (OC) have been reported to be associated with a deterioration of glucose tolerance and a decrease in insulin sensitivity; thus, since it has been suggested that steroids affect insulin receptor properties, the influence of OC on insulin receptors was investigated. The study groups were composed of nine normal menstruating women (controls), nine pill users, and two healthy women on OC for the first time. Insulin receptors on monocytes were evaluated at 7-day intervals during the 28 days between menses. Insulin receptor concentration and/or affinity did not show any variation in pill users during the test period and did not differ from values observed in controls in the luteal phase; consequently, the insulin receptor concentration in pill users is lower than that during the follicular phase or in men. The physiological variation of insulin receptor concentration and the increase of receptor affinity in the midfollicular phase, which characterize the normal menstrual cycle, are therefore abolished by OC. This effect occurs rapidly because it was also evident in the two women on OC for the first time. No difference was observed in fasting blood glucose and serum immunoreactive insulin concentrations between control subjects and pill users. The present data appear to confirm that sex steroids affect the insulin receptor and lend further support to the concept that caution must be used in clinical studies of insulin receptors when women are included. In addition, the results suggest that insulin receptors may play a role in the glucose intolerance and insulin insensitivity which have been described in pill users.
Collapse
|
138
|
Greco AV, Bertoli A, Ghirlanda G, Manna R, Altomonte L, Rebuzzi AG. Insulin resistance in liver cirrhosis: decreased insulin binding to circulating monocytes. Horm Metab Res 1980; 12:577-81. [PMID: 7007194 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-999204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance have been reported in patients with liver cirrhosis. Since insulin receptor decrease has been demonstrated in some conditions of insulin resistance, we have studied insulin binding to circulating monocytes in eleven patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Specific insulin binding at tracer concentration was lower in cirrhotics than in control subjects (p < 0.005). Insulin binding to monocytes was correlated with basal plasma insulin level in cirrhotics (r = -0.76; p < 0.01). The inhibiting effect of native insulin on 125I-insulin binding was similar in cirrhotics and controls suggesting that concentration rather than affinity of the binding sites is affected in cirrhosis of the liver. These findings suggest that decrease in insulin receptor concentration exists in liver cirrhosis, probably as a consequence of chronic hyperinsulinemia.
Collapse
|
139
|
de Pirro R, Bertoli A, Fusco A, Testa I, Greco AV, Lauro R. Effect of dexamethasone and cortisone on insulin receptors in normal human male. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 51:503-7. [PMID: 6997328 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-51-3-503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Results of a recent study suggested that depending upon the glucocorticoid or the model used, opposite changes occur in insulin binding; in fact, the increase in insulin receptor number on monocytes after prednisone ingestion in man appears to contrast with previous reports in animals in which a decrease was shown after dexamethasone. To establish whether this apparent discrepancy depends upon the model used in human studies (i.e. monocytes), the effect of dexamethasone and corticone intake on normal men was evaluated. A significant decrease was observed in insulin binding on circulating monocytes 24, 48, and 72 h after both steroids, mainly due to reduced receptor affinity. Furthermore, steroid treatment increased insulinemia which did not appear to be related to insulin binding. These data are in agreement with results in animal studies and appear to suggest that previous data on prednisone do not depend upon the model used (i.e. monocytes) but upon the hormone itself, thus indicating that glucocorticoids, depending upon their chemical structure, may produce opposite changes in membrane insulin binding sites. Furthermore, since dexamethasone and cortisone affect plasma insulin levels in the same fashion as previously reported with prednisone, it is suggested that the variation in insulin binding observed after glucocorticoid treatment is not due to variations in insulinemia.
Collapse
|
140
|
Greco AV, Altomonte L, Ghirlanda G, Rebuzzi AG, Manna R, Bertoli A. Somatostatin infusion in liver cirrhosis: glucagon control of glucose homeostasis. Diabetologia 1980; 18:187-91. [PMID: 6102941 DOI: 10.1007/bf00251914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
141
|
Bertoli A, De Pirro R, Fusco A, Greco AV, Magnatta R, Lauro R. Differences in insulin receptors between men and menstruating women and influence of sex hormones on insulin binding during the menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980; 50:246-50. [PMID: 6986393 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-50-2-246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Specific binding of [125I]insulin to circulating monocytes and erythrocytes from nine normal menstruating women and nine normal men was determined during a 28-day period (one sample every 7 days). In women, insulin binding was higher to both monocytes (P less than 0.001) and erythrocytes (P less than 0.02) in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase. In men, insulin binding to monocytes was similar to the follicular phase values for women; however, insulin binding to erythrocytes from men showed higher values than insulin binding to erythrocytes from women in both the follicular (P less than 0.001) and luteal (P less than 0.001) phases. These differences were due primarily to changes in receptor concentration rather than receptor affinity. An inverse relationship was found between insulin binding to monocytes and levels of 17 beta-estradiol, progesterone, and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone; this relationship was not observed in insulin binding to erythrocytes. The present data, therefore, suggest that sex hormones may play a role in the control of insulin receptors. Furthermore, it appears that other factors exist during the follicular phase that lower insulin binding to erythrocyte insulin receptors. If insulin receptors on circulating cells reflect the behavior of the main insulin target tissues, the present data might in part explain the reduction in glucose tolerance reported by various authors in the second half of the menstrual cycle.
Collapse
|
142
|
Bertoli A, De Pirro R, Greco AV, Fusco A, Spallone L, Ghirlanda G, Lauro R. Response of insulin receptors to oral glucose in normal subjects. J Endocrinol Invest 1980; 3:59-61. [PMID: 7373008 DOI: 10.1007/bf03348218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Insulin binding to circulating monocytes was studied in ten male volunteers before and 1, 2, and 5 hours after the oral intake of 100 g of glucose. Results indicate an increase in the specific cell binding fraction with a change in receptor affinity 5 hours after glucose. Since the same changes appear 3 hours after food intake they are probably not directly induced by insulinemia.
Collapse
|
143
|
Greco AV, Rebuzzi AG, Altomonte L, Manna R, Bertoli A, Ghirlanda G. Glucose, insulin and somatostatin infusion for the determination of insulin resistance in liver cirrhosis. Horm Metab Res 1979; 11:547-9. [PMID: 521009 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1092777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Twelve patients with liver cirrhosis and ten normal subjects were studied. Using a constant intravneous infusion of glucose, insulin and somatostatin over 2 1/2 hours we determined the stteady state plasma glucose level (SSPG) in order to measure insulin resistance. The results demonstrated that the cirrhotic patients were insulin resistant compared to normals and that plasma glucagon does not account for the insulin resistance in these patients.
Collapse
|
144
|
Greco AV, Crucitti F, Ghirlanda G, Manna R, Altomonte L, Rebuzzi AG, Bertoli A. Insulin and glucagon concentrations in portal and peripheral veins in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Diabetologia 1979; 17:23-8. [PMID: 467851 DOI: 10.1007/bf01222973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
145
|
Greco AV, Altomonte L, Ghirlanda G, Rebuzzi AG, Manna R, Bertoli A. Gastrin response to insulin in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. ACTA HEPATO-GASTROENTEROLOGICA 1979; 26:190-4. [PMID: 384737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fasting gastrinemia in cirrhotics (48.35 +/- 2.77 pg/ml) was higher than in normal controls (32.93 +/- 0.75 pg/ml; P less than 0.001). After insulin-induced hypoglycemia, the mean increase of gastrin above basal level was 42.29 +/- 1.92 pg/ml in controls and 10.85 +/- 5.05 pg/ml in cirrhosis (P less than 0.001). BAO was 2.53 +/- 0.36 mEq/h in controls and 0.42 +/- 0.004 mEq/h in cirrhotics (P less than 0.001). After i.v. insulin, TAO was 8.42 +/- 0.72 mEq/h in controls and 3.06 +/- 0.26 mEq/h in cirrhotics (P less than 0.001). The authors suggest that the lack of an adequate gastrin and acid response to the hypoglycemic stimulus in cirrhotics might be accounted for by a decreased insulin sensitivity.
Collapse
|
146
|
Altomonte L, Greco AV, Ghirlanda G, Rebuzzi AG, Manna R, Bertoli A. Effect of somatostatin (SRIF) on plasma glucose and insulin response to glucagon in liver cirrhosis. ACTA DIABETOLOGICA LATINA 1979; 16:139-45. [PMID: 484163 DOI: 10.1007/bf02581093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed in order to evaluate the plasma glucose pattern in cirrhotic patients who, in the course of a continuous somatostatin infusion (500 microgram/h), were given pulses of glucagon (1 mg i.v.). In normal as well as in cirrhotic subjects somatostatin infusion provoked a marked reduction of the IRI plasma level and this was uninfluenced by subsequent glucagon administration. The rise in plasma glucose level in response to i.v. glucagon administration during somatostatin infusion was less marked in cirrhotics compared to normal subjects. This can be attributed to a variety of factors such as reduced number of liver cells or quantitative or qualitative changes of the liver cell glucagon receptors. Glucagon does not seem to contribute to the pathogenesis of carbohydrate intolerance in liver cirrhosis.
Collapse
|
147
|
De Pirro R, Lauro R, Gelli AS, Bertoli A, Musiani P. Specificities of rabbit anti-human insulin receptor antibodies. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL & LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY 1979; 2:27-30. [PMID: 95885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human insulin receptors obtained from normal human placentae were highly purified by affinity chromatography and used to immunize rabbits. The immunological response was evaluated in order to reveal the presence of antibodies blocking the binding of insulin to monocytes of normal subjects. Since no blocking activity was found IgG from rabbits were coupled to agarose in order to evaluate the presence of antibodies directed to determinant(s) other than the insulin binding site. One rabbit was found to produce antibodies binding the insulin receptor on a site different from the insulin binding site.
Collapse
|
148
|
Greco AV, Altomonte L, Ghirlanda G, Rebuzzi AG, Manna R, Bertoli A. Serum gastrin in portal and peripheral veins after arginine in man. ACTA HEPATO-GASTROENTEROLOGICA 1979; 26:98-101. [PMID: 463493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immunoreactive serum gastrin from portal and peripheral veins was determined in five controls and in five cirrhotic patients with indwelling portal catheters in basal conditions, during and after 30 min arginine infusion, in order to assess whether the human liver is involved in gastrin metabolism. A significant difference was found between portal and peripheral gastrin concentrations in controls at 0, 60 and 90 min; no significant differences were found in cirrhotics. Our findings support the hypothesis of an at least partial breakdown of endogenous gastrin in the human liver.
Collapse
|
149
|
De Pirro R, Bertoli A, Greco AV, Gelli AS, Lauro R. The effect of food intake on insulin receptor in man. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA 1979; 90:473-80. [PMID: 570791 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.0900473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Insulin binding to circulating monocytes was studied in 22 normal volunteers before and 1, 3 and 5 h after a 1400 Kcal meal. Results indicate that 3 h after food intake there is an increase in the specific cell binding fraction (P less than 0.001) with a change in receptor affinity. Data emerging from the present study demonstrate that there are rapid changes in insulin receptor properties during the day. These changes probably play a role in the regulation of the hormonal and metabolic pattern in normal subjects.
Collapse
|
150
|
Greco AV, Manna R, Ghirlanda G, Altomonte L, Rebuzzi AG, Bertoli A. Early insulin and glucagon response to subsequent pulses of arginine, glucose, and tolbutamide in normal man. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1979; 236:E85-9. [PMID: 369391 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.1979.236.2.e85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To determine the dynamics of insulin and of glucagon secretion in response to several sequential stimuli administered shortly after an arginine pulse (5 g), 20 nonobese, apparently healthy volunteers were given arginine (5 g), glucose (5 g), and tolbutamide (1 g) by rapid intravenous injection. The early insulin and glucagon area 0-8 min was studied. At the intervals and with the dosages used in this study, different stimuli with and without prestimulation with arginine did not lead to changes in early secretion of insulin. There was no exhaustion of the pool of insulin released after multiple sequential pulses. These results suggest a pattern in which stimulation induces a rapid release of insulin and activates the interchange between the stored and labile insulin pool; the 8-min interval is sufficient for the rapid return of the two compartments to a state of equilibrium. Also for glucagon, subsequent different stimuli did not exhaust glucagon release; nevertheless, glucagon is immediately suppressed by a submaximal glucose pulse.
Collapse
|