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Nakayama S, Uchida T, Choi JB, Fujitani Y, Ogihara T, Iwashita N, Azuma K, Mochizuki H, Hirose T, Kawamori R, Inoue M, Watada H. Impact of whole body irradiation and vascular endothelial growth factor-A on increased beta cell mass after bone marrow transplantation in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin. Diabetologia 2009; 52:115-24. [PMID: 18946656 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Recent studies have shown that bone marrow transplantation reduces hyperglycaemia in a mouse model of diabetes induced by streptozotocin. However, the essential factors for the improvement of hyperglycaemia by bone marrow transplantation have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to search for such factors. METHODS We investigated the effect of irradiation to whole body, to abdomen alone or to whole body excluding abdomen, followed by infusion or no infusion of bone marrow cells. We also investigated the effect of bone marrow transplantation on beta cell-specific vascular endothelial growth factor-A gene (Vegfa) knockout mice. RESULTS Bone marrow transplantation improved streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia and partially restored islet mass. This change was associated with increased islet vascularisation. Among the other methods investigated, low-dose irradiation of the whole body without infusion of bone marrow cells also improved blood glucose level. In streptozotocin-treated beta cell-specific Vegfa knockout mice, which exhibit impaired islet vascularisation, bone marrow transplantation neither improved hyperglycaemia, relative beta cell mass nor islet vascularisation. CONCLUSION/INTERPRETATION Our results indicate that whole body irradiation is essential and sufficient for restoration of beta cell mass after streptozotocin treatment independent of infusion of bone marrow cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor-A produced in beta cells is also essential for this phenomenon.
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Nakayama S, Arakawa M, Uchida T, Ogihara T, Kanno R, Ikeda F, Azuma K, Hirose T, Kawamori R, Fujitani Y, Watada H. Dose-dependent requirement of patched homologue 1 in mouse pancreatic beta cell mass. Diabetologia 2008; 51:1883-92. [PMID: 18654758 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-008-1080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Accepted: 05/23/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Ectopic activation of hedgehog (HH) signalling in pancreas induces various abnormal morphogenetic events in the pancreas. This study analysed the dose-dependent requirement of patched homologue 1 (PTCH1), a negative regulator of HH signalling on pancreatic development. METHODS We used a recessive spontaneous mutant mouse denoted as mes which carries a mutated Ptch1 resulting in deletion of the most carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the PTCH1 protein. In this study, we analysed pancreatic morphology in Ptch1 ( +/+ ), Ptch1 ( +/mes ), Ptch1 (+/-), Ptch1 ( mes/me ) (s) and Ptch1 (-/mes ) mouse embryos, as well as the islet mass in adult Ptch1 (+/+), Ptch1 (+/mes ) and Ptch1 (+/-) mice. RESULTS Until embryonic day (E) 12.5, no obvious abnormality of pancreas was observed in any of the Ptch1 mutants. The levels of PDX1 and glucagon were also not evidently different among the mice genotypes studied. Thereafter, morphological abnormalities appeared in the Ptch1 mutant mice. The beta, alpha and exocrine cell masses decreased at E18.5 in parallel with increased HH signalling, with beta cell mass showing the highest sensitivity to HH signalling with a significant decrease even in Ptch1 (+/mes ) mice. Adult Ptch1 (+/-) mice also showed a significant decrease in beta cell mass compared with wild-type mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings indicate that the carboxy-terminal domain of Ptch1 is essential for pancreatic development. In addition, the loss of Ptch1 function decreases both the endocrine and exocrine cell mass in a dose-dependent manner, with beta cells particularly sensitive to changes in HH signalling.
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Umeda Y, Kato T, Azuma K, Murakawa S. [Off-pump coronary bypass grafting following percutaneous angioplasty and intra-aortic balloon pumping insertion in a patient with severe peripheral vascular disease]. KYOBU GEKA. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF THORACIC SURGERY 2008; 61:223-225. [PMID: 18323189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe our 1st case of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting following percutaneous angioplasty (PTA) and intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) insertion. A 66-year-old man presented with cardiogenic shock due to acute coronary syndrome. He had concomitant peripheral vascular disease (PVD). He underwent coronary artery bypass grafting following PTA and IABP insertion. Even in an emergency case with PVD, PTA and IABP insertion could be an option to facilitate off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
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Iwashita N, Uchida T, Choi JB, Azuma K, Ogihara T, Ferrara N, Gerber H, Kawamori R, Inoue M, Watada H. Impaired insulin secretion in vivo but enhanced insulin secretion from isolated islets in pancreatic beta cell-specific vascular endothelial growth factor-A knock-out mice. Diabetologia 2007; 50:380-9. [PMID: 17180351 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-006-0512-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Endothelial cells are considered to be essential for normal pancreatic beta cell function. However, there have been no reports showing their importance for beta cell function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using mice with disrupted vascular endothelial growth factor-A gene specifically in beta cells, we investigated the relation between islet vascular structure and beta cell function. RESULTS Mice with disrupted vascular endothelial growth factor-A gene specifically in beta cells had reduced islet vascular density with impaired formation of endothelial fenestration. While their fasting glucose and body weight were comparable with control mice, their glucose- and tolbutamide-induced rapid insulin release were impaired, thus resulting in glucose intolerance. On the other hand, glucose and KCl enhanced the levels of insulin secreted from islets isolated from these mice. In addition, the production of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors in the islets was increased. Insulin content and expression of insulin I and pancreas duodenum homeobox 1 mRNA in the islets were also increased. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our results indicate that an abnormal quality and quantity of blood vessels due to reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A in beta cells could be a cause of impaired insulin secretion without impairment of beta cell function.
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Azuma K, Uchiyama I, Ikeda K. The risk management for indoor air pollution caused by formaldehyde in housing. FACILITIES 2006. [DOI: 10.1108/02632770610684909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yamasaki Y, Yamada H, Yamasaki M, Ohkubo M, Azuma K, Matsuoka S, Kurihara Y, Osada H, Satoh M, Ozaki S. Intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy for progressive interstitial pneumonia in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 46:124-30. [PMID: 16754626 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the efficacy and safety of monthly intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide (IVCYC) therapy for progressive interstitial pneumonia in polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM). METHODS Seventeen patients with PM/DM/amyopathic DM (mean age 51.4 +/- 10.4, mean follow-up 32 months) who received IVCYC for progressive interstitial pneumonia between August 1993 and October 2002 were studied. Nine patients had failed to respond to previous treatment with high-dose steroid and/or immunosuppressant. Cyclophosphamide (300-800 mg/m2) was given at least six times every 4 weeks. Oral prednisolone (0.5-1 mg/kg/day) was administered for the first 2 weeks and was gradually tapered. Response to treatment was evaluated based on the degree of exertional dyspnea, pulmonary function test and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). RESULTS Eleven of 17 patients showed improvement in their dyspnea; six out of seven patients who had required oxygen treatment before IVCYC no longer did so after IVCYC. Eight of 17 patients had >or=10% improvement of vital capacity (VC)% and 9/17 had >or=10 point reduction in their HRCT score. Twelve patients had exhibited at least one result. Two patients with anti-Jo-1 antibodies showed a flare-up of interstitial pneumonia or myositis. After the IVCYC therapy, mean VC% improved by 15% (from 68 to 83%, P = 0.0034). The extent of abnormal lesions in HRCT was reduced from 24 to 13% (P = 0.0055). There was neither death nor severe toxicities observed. CONCLUSIONS In this open-label study, IVCYC improved symptoms, pulmonary function tests and HRCT findings in patients with PM/DM. Longitudinal controlled studies are required to further confirm the efficacy of IVCYC.
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Otsuka A, Azuma K, Iesaki T, Sato F, Hirose T, Shimizu T, Tanaka Y, Daida H, Kawamori R, Watada H. Temporary hyperglycaemia provokes monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in rat thoracic aorta. Diabetologia 2005; 48:2667-74. [PMID: 16283236 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-005-0005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2005] [Accepted: 07/11/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Several epidemiological data suggest that patients with postprandial hyperglycaemia are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of a glucose 'spike' on monocyte adhesion to rat aortic endothelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in vivo was quantitated using an en face method for observation of endothelial surface after immunohistochemical staining for CD68 in the thoracic aortas of Sprague-Dawley rats after several kinds of blood glucose rises. RESULTS The number of monocytes adhering to endothelial cells increased at 30 min after injection of glucose in 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. The increased adhesion returned to the basal level at 120 min after glucose injection, concomitantly with the return of blood glucose levels to normal. The infusion of octreotide to inhibit endogenous insulin secretion did not prevent the glucose-induced increase in monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. On the other hand, the number of monocytes adhering to endothelial cells did not increase in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and sustained hyperglycaemia. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data demonstrate that a temporary rise in blood glucose levels can in itself promote a reversible increase in monocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, CD/analysis
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/analysis
- Aorta, Thoracic/chemistry
- Aorta, Thoracic/pathology
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiopathology
- Atherosclerosis/etiology
- Atherosclerosis/physiopathology
- Blood Glucose/analysis
- Cell Adhesion/drug effects
- Cell Communication/drug effects
- Cell Count
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/chemistry
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Glucose/administration & dosage
- Glucose/pharmacology
- Hyperglycemia/pathology
- Hyperglycemia/physiopathology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Injections, Intravenous
- Insulin/administration & dosage
- Insulin/blood
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Male
- Monocytes/pathology
- Monocytes/physiology
- Octreotide/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Time Factors
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Azuma K, Mike N, Fujiwara Y, Shimada Y, Watanabe T. Effect of halothane on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in melanoma cells. J Anesth 2005; 7:442-6. [PMID: 15278794 DOI: 10.1007/s0054030070442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/1992] [Accepted: 01/29/1993] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
There have only been a few reports relating to the effect of inhalational anesthetics on the tumor cell morphology in cancer patients undergoing surgery. We hypothesized that some anesthetic agents might influence the spread of unresectable cancer cells and might additionally worsen the condition of the patient due to depressed host immune surveillance. We therefore evaluated the influence of halothane on tumor cell adhesion, which is closely linked to tumor cell metastasis. Human melanoma cells from SK-MEL-37 cell-line were exposed to 4% halothane for 3, 6, 12 or 24 hours, respectively. Furthermore, after 24 hours halothane exposure, they were incubated in a 5% CO2 atmosphere for 12 or 24 hours. The cells were then analyzed using a fluorescence flowcytometer and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in SK-MEL-37 cells was quantified as the intensity of fluorescence of ICAM-1 expressed in 10,000 cells. ICAM-1 expression in cells exposed to halothane for 3, 6, 12 or 24 hours was lower than that of non-exposed cells and returned to control level after further incubation in 5% CO2 atmosphere for either 12 or 24 hours. We conclude that halothane might affect the progression of tumor cell metastasis in vitro.
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Azuma K, Oguchi S, Matsubara Y, Mamizuka T, Murata M, Kikuchi H, Watanabe K, Katsukawa F, Yamazaki H, Shimada A, Saruta T. Novel resistin promoter polymorphisms: association with serum resistin level in Japanese obese individuals. Horm Metab Res 2004; 36:564-70. [PMID: 15326567 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-825762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resistin, an adipocyte-secreted cytokine recently discovered in mice, has been proposed as a link between obesity and diabetes. We analyzed resistin gene polymorphisms and examined their association with serum resistin level and obesity phenotypes in humans. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixty young, obese, non-diabetic subjects taking no medication were studied. DNA sequencing and genotyping of identified single nucleotide polymorphisms were performed. Associations between polymorphisms and serum resistin level, BMI, body composition, fat distribution, and several indices of insulin sensitivity were examined. Moreover, single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region were examined for their influence on resistin gene transcriptional activity using luciferase reporter vectors. RESULTS Ten non-coding single nucleotide polymorphisms were found. The -638G>A, -420C>G, and -358G>A polymorphisms in the promoter region showed marked linkage disequilibrium with each other, and were associated with serum resistin level; however, there was no association between these polymorphisms and parameters related to adiposity or insulin resistance. The results of luciferase assay revealed that -638G>A together with the -420C>G polymorphism influenced resistin gene transcriptional activity. CONCLUSION We found that variability in the serum resistin level might be related to polymorphic variants of the promoter region of the gene.
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Nakano H, Oka H, Matsuda T, Ooka S, Imamura Y, Suzuki T, Yamasaki Y, Itoh G, Azuma K, Ozaki S. Behçet's disease with vascular involvement: the contribution of anticardiolipin antibodies and thrombomodulin. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2003; 528:395-8. [PMID: 12918732 DOI: 10.1007/0-306-48382-3_81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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136
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Choi JB, Uchino H, Azuma K, Iwashita N, Tanaka Y, Mochizuki H, Migita M, Shimada T, Kawamori R, Watada H. Little evidence of transdifferentiation of bone marrow-derived cells into pancreatic beta cells. Diabetologia 2003; 46:1366-74. [PMID: 12898006 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-003-1182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2003] [Revised: 06/10/2003] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Bone marrow cells contain at least two distinct types of stem cells which are haematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Both cells have the ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types derived from all three germ layers. Thus, bone marrow stem cells could possibly be used to generate new pancreatic beta cells for the treatment of diabetes. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of bone marrow-derived cells to differentiate into beta cells in pancreas. METHODS Using green fluorescent protein transgenic mice as donors, the distribution of haematogenous cells in the pancreas was studied after bone marrow transplantation. RESULTS In the pancreas of green fluorescent protein chimeric mice, green fluorescent protein-positive cells were found in the islets, but none of these cells expressed insulin. Previous data has suggested that tissue injury can recruit haematopoietic stem cells or their progeny to a non-haematopietic cell fate. Therefore, low-dose streptozotocin (30 or 50 mg/kg on five consecutive days) was injected into the mice 5 weeks after bone marrow transplantation, but no green fluorescent protein-positive cells expressing insulin were seen in the islets or around the ducts of the pancreas. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data suggests that bone marrow-derived cells are a distinct cell population from islet cells and that transdifferentiation from bone marrow-derived cells to pancreatic beta cells is rarely observed.
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Azuma K, Shichijo S, Takedatsu H, Komatsu N, Sawamizu H, Itoh K. Heat shock cognate protein 70 encodes antigenic epitopes recognised by HLA-B4601-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes from cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2003; 89:1079-85. [PMID: 12966429 PMCID: PMC2376957 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70), a highly conserved protein and a member of the family of molecular chaperones, has the ability to induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses through binding and carrying antigenic peptides. We demonstrated in this study that the HSC70 gene encodes two antigenic peptides recognised by HLA-B46-restricted and tumour-reactive CTLs established from tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes of a colon cancer. These HSC70-derived peptides, at amino-acid positions 106-114 and 233-241, had the ability to induce HLA-B46-restricted and peptide-specific CTLs, which are reactive to tumour cells, from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the majority of epithelial cancer patients tested. These results, along with those from the previous studies, indicate the two ways of HSC70 involvement in the immune responses to tumours: chaperones and antigens, and thus may provide a new insight for the development of HSC70-directed cancer-specific immunotherapy.
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Azuma K, Katsukawa F, Oguchi S, Sasaki S, Narita K, Kinoshita N, Ishida H, Onishi S, Yamazaki H, Shimada A, Saruta T. RESISTIN AND EXERCISE CAPACITY IN OBESE SUBJECTS. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2003. [DOI: 10.1097/00005768-200305001-00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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139
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Kubo K, Kanehisa H, Azuma K, Ishizu M, Kuno SY, Okada M, Fukunaga T. Muscle architectural characteristics in young and elderly men and women. Int J Sports Med 2003; 24:125-30. [PMID: 12669259 DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle architectural characteristics, i. e., muscle thickness, pennation angle, fascicle length, of four different groups comprising a total of 121 men and 190 women, divided according to sex and age (i. e., 20 - 39 yrs and 60 - 85 yrs). Muscle thickness and pennation angles of the vastus lateralis (VL), medial gastrocnemius (MG), long head of triceps brachii (TB) muscles were measured by B-mode ultrasonography, and fascicle length was estimated. Men had significantly greater relative muscle thickness (to limb length) than women, but not for MG. Relative muscle thickness of VL was significantly greater in younger subjects than in elderly (men; p < 0.001, women; p < 0.001), although there were no significant differences in relative muscle thickness of MG and TB between younger and elderly subjects. Men had significantly greater pennation angles than women, but not for MG in elderly subjects. The pennation angle of VL was significantly greater in younger subjects than in elderly (men; p < 0.001, women; p < 0.001), although there were no significant differences in pennation angles of MG and TB between younger and elderly subjects. Women had longer relative fascicle lengths (to limb length) of VL than men (p = 0.048 for younger, p = 0.028 for elderly). These results suggest that the decrease of thickness of the vastus lateralis muscle with aging is significant, and that there is the gender difference in the fascicle length of the vastus lateralis muscle.
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Ito H, Morimoto S, Yamauchi R, Ippoushi K, Azuma K, Higashio H. POTENTIAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE ESTIMATION OF SOLUBLE SOLIDS IN WATERMELONS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2002.588.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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141
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Koizumi N, Azuma K, Tsuchiya Y, Matsui K, Takahashi Y, Nakajima H, Nishijima G, Nunoya Y, Ando T, Isono T, Sugimoto M, Kato T, Kawano K, Hiyama T, Oshikiri M, Wakabayashi H, Takano K, Seki S, Uno Y, Nakamura T, Sawada K, Shinba T, Hanawa H, Tsuji H, Kikuchi K, Fuchs A, Bruzzone P, Blau B, Vesey G, Nyilas A, Okuno K. Evaluation of critical current performance of 13 T–46 kA steel-jacketed Nb3Al conductor. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(01)00465-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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142
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Shigemori M, Yoshida S, Azai S, Fujii K, Azuma K, Nishikawa H, Otani Y, Inoue F, Furukawa H, Mizumoto T, Saiga T. [An autopsied case of G-CSF producing lung cancer with bullous pemphigoid and hyper gammaglobulinemia]. NIHON NAIKA GAKKAI ZASSHI. THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2001; 90:2066-8. [PMID: 11769498 DOI: 10.2169/naika.90.2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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143
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Azuma K, Yoshimoto M, Nishimura Y, Fujimoto H, Ayabe M, Shoji H, Eizuru Y. Herpes simplex virus type 1 myelitis with a favorable outcome. Intern Med 2001; 40:1068-9. [PMID: 11688837 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.40.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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144
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Nakayama M, Tsuji H, Shimono J, Azuma K, Ogata H, Matsumoto T, Aoyagi K, Fujishima M, Iida M. Primary biliary cirrhosis associated with ulcerative colitis. FUKUOKA IGAKU ZASSHI = HUKUOKA ACTA MEDICA 2001; 92:354-9. [PMID: 11729641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
A rare case of concurrent primary biliary cirrhosis and ulcerative colitis is described in a 61 year-old Japanese male. Primary biliary cirrhosis was diagnosed on the basis of characteristic histologic findings and a positive serum mitochondrial antibody test. Ulcerative colitis was diagnosed from typical findings on colonoscopy and the histologic features of a sigmoid colon biopsy specimen. This is the 12th report of a patient presenting with the combination of primary biliary cirrhosis and ulcerative colitis. The potential autoimmune relationships on the basis of these conditions are discussed.
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Azuma K, Banshou Y, Suzuki H. Bovine pancreatic elastase II cleaves Gln-Ile bond. JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY 2001; 20:577-84. [PMID: 11838546 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013325314730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A peptidase (GICP) that cleaves the Gln-Ile bond of a peptide Gly-Ile-Asp-Val-Gln-Ile-Tyr(T-1), a sequence in phenylalanine oxidase, was purified from bovine pancreas. The purified enzyme had an Mr of approximately 29,000, as determined by SDS-PAGE, and its N-terminal sequence was identical to that of bovine pancreatic elastase II. The enzyme released Gly-Ile-Asp-Val-Gln and Ile-Tyr from T-1 (Km = 8.3 microM k(cat) = 2.1 s(-1)) and the catalytic efficiency (2.6 X 10(5) M(-1)s(-1)) was comparable to those of elastase II from porcine pancreas and rat mesenteric arterial bed perfusate. The P1 site specificity of GICP toward oxidized insulin A and B chains suggested that major cleavage sites were the peptide bond at the C-terminal side of Gln, Leu, His, and Tyr residues.
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Liu AM, Maeda S, Hosone M, Azuma K, Katayama H, Yokoyama M, Naito Z, Sugisaki Y, Asano G. Use of electron microscopic evaluation for the diagnosis of adrenal cortical carcinoma in fine needle aspiration cytology: a case report and review of the literature. MEDICAL ELECTRON MICROSCOPY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CLINICAL ELECTRON MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2001; 34:190-7. [PMID: 11793196 DOI: 10.1007/s007950100015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2001] [Accepted: 08/07/2001] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bilateral adrenal tumors were detected in a 72-year-old man who had a history of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor. Computet tomography (CT)-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the adrenal glands was performed. The cytologic findings were similar to the previous diagnosis of "inflammatory pseudotumor" in the liver. However, the origin of some aggregated large atypical cells observed in the adrenal FNAC specimens was not known. Immunocytochemically, these large atypical cells were positive for vimentin and negative for cytokeratin and chromogranin A. An electron-microscopic study showed that these large atypical cells contained mitochondria with tubulovesicular cristae and smooth endoplasmic reticulum arranged in whorled and laminated patterns, and these findings confirmed diagnosis of primary adrenal cortical carcinoma. The histopathological diagnosis of the resected bilateral adrenal tumor was adrenal cortical carcinoma. The patient died 7 months after surgery, with recurrence of the bilateral adrenal cortical carcinoma and extensive metastases. A diagnosis of primary adrenal cortical carcinoma with extensive metastases was finally demonstrated by autopsy. Retrospectively, the previous liver tumor was determined to be a metastatic lesion.
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147
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Ikeda K, Tsuji H, Azuma K, Hashiguchi M, Ogata H, Ibayashi S, Fujishima M, Iida M, Ichiya Y. Alteration of regional cerebral metabolism in patients with cirrhosis in positron emission tomography. FUKUOKA IGAKU ZASSHI = HUKUOKA ACTA MEDICA 2001; 92:306-14. [PMID: 11586515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the alteration of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in cirrhosis, we measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen (rCMRO2), and oxygen extraction fraction (rOEF) in twelve patients with cirrhosis (six with a history of hepatic encephalopathy and six without) and six age-matched controls using positron emission tomography. Regional CBF in whole brain was not different in cirrhotic patients from that in controls. In six cirrhotic patients with a history of hepatic encephalopathy, rCMRO2 was significantly lower in the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital cortices, hippocampus, thalamus, cerebellum and brain stem, than that in each region of controls. On the other hand, rCMRO2 in six cirrhotic patients without a history of hepatic encephalopathy did not differ from the controls in all regions except for the frontal cortex. Regional OEF in cirrhotic patients without a history of hepatic encephalopathy was higher in the hippocampus and striatum than that in each region of controls. Among twelve cirrhotic patients, rCMRO2 in the occipital cortex and striatum correlated directly with plasma leucine levels, and rCMRO2 in the striatum directly correlated with plasma valine levels. Regional CMRO2 in the frontal cortex, temporal cortex, parietal cortex, white matter as well as brain stem correlated inversely with plasma phenylalanine levels, and rCMRO2 in the occipital cortex correlated inversely with plasma tyrosine levels. Brain oxygen metabolism is impaired in cirrhotic patients with a history of hepatic encephalopathy, but preserved in those without a history or in the early stage of cirrhosis. Reduced oxygen metabolism is related with altered amino acid metabolism.
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148
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Yasumatsu R, Nakashima T, Azuma K, Hirakawa N, Kuratomi Y, Tomita K, Cataltepe S, Silverman GA, Clayman GL, Komiyama S. SCCA1 expression in T-lymphocytes peripheral to cancer cells is associated with the elevation of serum SCC antigen in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Cancer Lett 2001; 167:205-13. [PMID: 11369142 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen has been used for the management of SCC arising in various cites including head and neck region. However, the true mechanism of the elevation of this protein in the serum of patients with SCC is still unknown. SCC antigen belongs to the superfamily of serine protease inhibitors. Recently, molecular studies show that serum SCC antigen is transcribed by two nearly identical genes (SCCA1 and SCCA2), and is mainly produced by SCCA1. The objective of this study is to clarify the mechanism of the elevation of SCC antigen in oral tongue SCC patients and to identify cells histologically, which are responsible for serum SCC antigen production. In this study, we examined SCCA1 expression in a series of four head and neck SCC (HNSCC) cell lines, and found that all expressed equal to low SCCA1 protein as compared with the normal human oral keratinocyte. Using the double immunohistochemical technique to examine the expression pattern of SCCA1 in 86 cases of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma, SCCA1 immunostaining was observed in the cytoplasm of cancer cells and T-lymphocytes peripheral to cancer cells. We also compared the clinicopathological features including serum SCC antigen level of the oral tongue SCC cases with the immunohistochemical SCCA1 expression pattern, and found that elevated serum SCC antigen level was significantly correlated with SCCA1 expression not in cancer cells, but in T-lymphocytes peripheral to cancer cells. These results suggest that T-lymphocytes peripheral to cancer cells may be responsible for serum SCC antigen production in HNSCC patients.
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149
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Takeuchi Y, Koike M, Azuma K, Nishioka H, Abe H, Kim HS, Wataya Y, Harayama T. Synthesis and antimalarial activity of febrifugine derivatives. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001; 49:721-5. [PMID: 11411524 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.49.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The regioisomers (2a,b) of the piperidine ring of febrifugine (1a) and isofebrifugine (1b) were synthesized from 4-allyl-3-piperidone (5). Reduction of 5 afforded a mixture of the trans and cis alcohols (6a,b) without diastereoselectivity; this result differentiated it from the reduction of 2-allyl-3-piperidone (14). The antimalarial activity of 2a,b and related compounds was tested.
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150
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Quaresima V, Homma S, Azuma K, Shimizu S, Chiarotti F, Ferrari M, Kagaya A. Calf and shin muscle oxygenation patterns and femoral artery blood flow during dynamic plantar flexion exercise in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol 2001; 84:387-94. [PMID: 11417425 DOI: 10.1007/s004210100390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of dynamic plantar flexion exercise [40, 60, and 80 contractions.min-1 (cpm)] on calf and shin muscle oxygenation patterns and common femoral artery blood flow (Qfa) were examined in six female subjects [mean age 21 (SD 1) years] who exercised for 1 min at 33% of their maximal voluntary contraction at ankle angles between 90 degrees and 100 degrees. Spatially resolved near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure medial gastrocnemius, lateral soleus (synergist) and anterior tibialis (antagonist) muscle oxygen saturation (SO2, %). Qfa was measured by ultrasound Doppler. The SO2 changed significantly only in the medial gastrocnemius and its decrease (up to about 30%) was independent of the contraction frequencies examined. The increase in Qfa, at the end of exercise, was highest at 80 cpm. When the exercise at 60 cpm was prolonged until exhaustion [mean 2.7 (SD 1.1) min], medial gastrocnemius SO2 decreased, reaching its minimal value [mean 30 (SD 10)%] within the 1st min, and had partially recovered before the end of the exercise with concomitant increases in total haemoglobin content and Qfa. These results suggest that the medial gastrocnemius is the muscle mostly involved in dynamic plantar flexion exercise and its oxygen demand with increases in contraction frequency and duration is associated with an up-stream increase in Qfa.
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