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Hussein Al Ali SH, Al-Qubaisi M, Hussein MZ, Zainal Z, Hakim MN. Preparation of hippurate-zinc layered hydroxide nanohybrid and its synergistic effect with tamoxifen on HepG2 cell lines. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:3099-111. [PMID: 22163163 PMCID: PMC3235030 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s24510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A new simple preparation method for a hippurate-intercalated zinc-layered hydroxide (ZLH) nanohybrid has been established, which does not need an anion-exchange procedure to intercalate the hippurate anion into ZLH interlayers. Methods The hippuric acid nanohybrid (HAN) was prepared by direct reaction of an aqueous suspension of zinc oxide with a solution of hippuric acid via a one-step method. Results The basal spacing of the nanohybrid was 21.3 Å, indicating that the hippurate anion was successfully intercalated into the interlayer space of ZLH, and arranged in a monolayer fashion with the carboxylate group pointing toward the ZLH inorganic interlayers. A Fourier transform infrared study confirmed the formation of the nanohybrid, while thermogravimetry and differential thermogravimetry analyses showed that the thermal stability of the nanohybrid was markedly enhanced. The loading of hippurate in the nanohybrid was estimated to be about 38.7% (w/w), and the release of hippurate from the nanohybrid was of a controlled manner, and therefore the resulting material was suitable for use as a controlled-release formulation. HAN has synergistic properties with tamoxifen toward a HepG2 cell line, with an IC50 value of 0.35 compared with hippurate. In the antiproliferative assay, the ratio of viable cells account for cells treated by the combination tamoxifen with HAN to untreated cells was sharply reduced from 66% to 13% after 24 and 72 hours, respectively. Conclusion The release of hippuric acid anions from HAN occurred in a controlled manner, and the resulting material is suitable for a controlled-release formulation.
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Yasin Y, Ismail NM, Hussein MZ, Aminudin N. Synthesis and characterization of lawsone-lntercalated Zn-Al-layered double hydroxides. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2011; 7:486-8. [PMID: 21830495 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2011.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A drug-inorganic nanostructured material involving pharmaceutically active compound lawsone intercalated Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (Law-LDHs) with Zn/AI = 4 has been assembled by co-precipitation and ion exchange methods. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) analysis indicate a successful intercalation of lawsone between the layers of layered double hydroxides. It suggests that layered double hydroxides may have application as the basis of a drug delivery system.
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Ahmad MB, Tay MY, Shameli K, Hussein MZ, Lim JJ. Green synthesis and characterization of silver/chitosan/polyethylene glycol nanocomposites without any reducing agent. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:4872-84. [PMID: 21954331 PMCID: PMC3179138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12084872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in aqueous medium. This method was performed by reducing AgNO3 in different stirring times of reaction at a moderate temperature using green agents, chitosan (Cts) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). In this work, silver nitrate (AgNO3) was used as the silver precursor while Cts and PEG were used as the solid support and polymeric stabilizer. The properties of Ag/Cts/PEG nanocomposites (NCs) were studied under different stirring times of reaction. The developed Ag/Cts/PEG NCs were then characterized by the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
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Hussein MZ, Al Ali SH, Zainal Z, Hakim MN. Development of antiproliferative nanohybrid compound with controlled release property using ellagic acid as the active agent. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:1373-83. [PMID: 21796241 PMCID: PMC3141866 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s21567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An ellagic acid (EA)–zinc layered hydroxide (ZLH) nanohybrid (EAN) was synthesized under a nonaqueous environment using EA and zinc oxide (ZnO) as the precursors. Powder X-ray diffraction showed that the basal spacing of the nanohybrid was 10.4 Å, resulting in the spatial orientation of EA molecules between the interlayers of 22.5° from z-axis with two negative charges at 8,8′ position of the molecules pointed toward the ZLH interlayers. FTIR study showed that the intercalated EA spectral feature is generally similar to that of EA, but with bands slightly shifted. This indicates that some chemical bonding of EA presence between the nanohybrid interlayers was slightly changed, due to the formation of host–guest interaction. The nanohybrid is of mesopores type with 58.8% drug loading and enhanced thermal stability. The release of the drug active, EA from the nanohybrid was found to be sustained and therefore has good potential to be used as a drug controlled-release formulation. In vitro bioassay study showed that the EAN has a mild effect on the hepatocytes cells, similar to its counterpart, free EA.
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Chin LY, Zainal Z, Hussein MZ, Tee TW. Fabrication of highly ordered TiO2 nanotubes from fluoride containing aqueous electrolyte by anodic oxidation and their photoelectrochemical response. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 11:4900-4909. [PMID: 21770120 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.4108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of TiO2 nanotubes (TNT) was carried out by electrochemical anodization of Ti in aqueous electrolyte containing NH4F. The effect of electrolyte pH, applied voltage, fluoride concentration and anodization duration on the formation of TNT was investigated. It was observed that self-organized TNT can be formed by adjusting the electrolyte to pH 2-4 whereby applied voltage of 10-20 V can be performed to produce highly ordered, well-organized TNT. At 20 V, TNT can be fabricated in the concentration range of 0.07 M to 0.20 M NH4F. Higher fluoride concentration leads to etching of Ti surface and reveals the Ti grain boundaries. The prepared TNT films also show an increase in depth and in size with time and the growth of TNT films reach a steady state after 120 minutes. The morphology and geometrical aspect of the TNT would be an important factor influencing the photoelectrochemical response, with higher photocurrent response is generally associated with thicker layer of TNT. Consequently, one can tailor the resulting TNT to desired surface morphologies by simply manipulating the electrochemical parameters for wide applications such as solar energy conversion and photoelectrocatalysis.
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Sarijo SH, Hussein MZ, Yahaya AHJ, Zainal Z. Effect of incoming and outgoing exchangeable anions on the release kinetics of phenoxyherbicides nanohybrids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2010; 182:563-569. [PMID: 20633986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The release of chlorophenoxyherbicides agrochemicals, namely 2-chloro- (2CPA), 4-chloro and 2,4,5-trichloro (TCPA) phenoxyacetates from their nanohybrids into various aqueous solutions; carbonate, sulfate and chloride was found to be controlled by pseudo-second order rate expression. The percentage saturated released was found to be anionic-dependent, in the order of carbonate>sulfate>chloride for the release media and 2CPA>4CPA>TCPA for the anionic guests. This study demonstrates that the release of the phenoxyherbicides agrochemicals from the nanohybrid compounds can be tuned by choosing the right combination of exchangeable anions both the incoming and the outgoing anions.
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Gaya UI, Abdullah AH, Zainal Z, Hussein MZ. Photocatalytic Degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in Irradiated Aqueous ZnO Suspension. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.5539/ijc.v2n1p180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Gaya UI, Abdullah AH, Zainal Z, Hussein MZ. Photocatalytic treatment of 4-chlorophenol in aqueous ZnO suspensions: intermediates, influence of dosage and inorganic anions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 168:57-63. [PMID: 19268454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.01.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytically driven removal of eco-persistent 4-chlorophenol from water using ZnO is reported here. Kinetic dependence of transformation rate on operating variables such as initial 4-chlorophenol concentration and photocatalyst doses was investigated. A complete degradation of 4-chlorophenol at 50 mg L(-1) levels was realised in 3h. Analytical profiles on 4-chlorophenol transformation were consistent with the best-line fit of the pseudo zero-order kinetics. The addition of small amounts of inorganic anions as SO(4)(2-), HPO(4)(-), S(2)O(8)(2-) and Cl(-) revealed two anion types: active site blockers and rate enhancers. Fortunately, Cl(-) and SO(4)(2-) commonly encountered in contaminated waters enhanced the rate of 4-chlorophenol degradation. The reaction intermediates and route to 4-chlorophenol mineralisation were elucidated by combined RP-HPLC and GC-MS methods. In addition to previously reported pathway products of 4-chlorophenol photo-oxidation catechol was detected. A radical mechanism involving o-hydroxylation is proposed to account for the formation of catechol.
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Hussein MZ, Azmin WHWN, Mustafa M, Yahaya AH. Bacillus cereus as a biotemplating agent for the synthesis of zinc oxide with raspberry- and plate-like structures. J Inorg Biochem 2009; 103:1145-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abdul Rahman MB, Yunus NMM, Hussein MZ, Abdul Rahman RNZR, Salleh AB, Basri M. Application of advanced materials as support for immobilisation of lipase fromCandida rugosa. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10242420500218703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Zainal Z, Hui LK, Hussein MZ, Abdullah AH, Hamadneh IMKR. Characterization of TiO(2)-chitosan/glass photocatalyst for the removal of a monoazo dye via photodegradation-adsorption process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 164:138-145. [PMID: 18809254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the newly explored TiO(2)-Chitosan/Glass was suggested as a promising alternative material to conventional means of wastewater treatment. Characterization of TiO(2)-Chitosan/Glass photocatalyst was studied with SEM-EDX, XRD, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The combination effect of photodegradation-adsorption process for the removal of methyl orange (MO), an acid dye of the monoazo series occur promisingly when four layers of TiO(2)-Chitosan/Glass photocatalyst was used for MO removal. Approximately, 87.0% of total MO removal was achieved. The reactive -NH(2), -OH, and metal oxide contents in the prepared photocatalyst responsible for the photodegradation-adsorption effect were confirmed by FTIR study. Similarly, MO removal behavior was well supported by SEM-EDX and XRD analysis. Significant dependence of MO removal on the TiO(2)-Chitosan loading can be explained in terms of relationship between quantum yield of photocatalytic reactions and photocatalyst structure/activity. Hence, the research work done thus far suggests a new method, having both the advantages of photodegradation-adsorption process in the abatement of various wastewater pollutants.
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Masarudin MJ, Yusoff K, Rahim RA, Hussein MZ. Successful transfer of plasmid DNA into in vitro cells transfected with an inorganic plasmid-Mg/Al-LDH nanobiocomposite material as a vector for gene expression. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:045602. [PMID: 19417322 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/4/045602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of a full plasmid, encoding the green fluorescent protein gene into African monkey kidney (Vero3) cells, was successfully achieved using nanobiocomposites based on layered double hydroxides. This demonstrated the potential of using the system as an alternative DNA delivery vector. Intercalation of the circular plasmid DNA, pEGFP-N2, into Mg/Al-NO(3)(-) layered double hydroxides (LDH) was accomplished through anion exchange routes to form the nanobiocomposite material. The host was previously synthesized at the Mg(2+) to Al(3+) molar ratio R(i) = 2 and subsequently intercalated with plasmid DNA. Size expansion of the interlamellae host from 8.8 A in LDH to 42 A was observed in the resulting nanobiocomposite, indicating stable hybridization of the plasmid DNA. The powder x-ray diffraction (PXRD) results, supplemented with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, compositional and electrophoresis studies confirmed the encapsulation episode of the biomaterial. In order to elucidate the use of this resulting nanobiocomposite as a delivery vector, an MTT assay was performed to determine any cytotoxic effects of the host towards cells. The intercalated pEGFP-N2 anion was later successfully recovered through acidification with HNO(3) after treatment with DNA-degrading enzymes, thus also showing the ability of the LDH host to protect the intercalated biomaterial from degradation. Cell transfection studies on Vero3 cells were then performed, where cells transfected with the nanobiocomposite exhibited fluorescence as early as 12 h post-treatment compared to naked delivery of the plasmid itself.
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Hussein MZ, Nasir NM, Yahaya AH. Controlled release compound based on metanilate-layered double hydroxide nanohybrid. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 8:5921-5928. [PMID: 19198327 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metanilate-layered double hydroxide nanohybrid compound was synthesized for controlled release purposes through co-precipitation method of the metal cations and organic anion. The effect of various divalent metal cations (M2+), namely Zn2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ on the formation of metanilate-LDH nanohybrids, in which metanilate anion was intercalated into three different layered double hydroxide (LDH) systems; Zn-Al, Mg-Al and Ca-Al were investigated. The syntheses were carried out with M2+ to Al3+ initial molar ratio, R of 4. The pH of the mother liquor was maintained at pH 7.5 and 10 during the synthesis, and the resulting mixture was aged at around 70 degrees C for about 18 h. The intercalation of metanilate anion into the host was found to be strongly influenced by the M2+ that formed the inorganic metal hydroxide layers. Under our experimental condition, the formation of the nanohybrid materials was found to be more feasible for the Zn-Al than for the other two systems, in which the former showed well-ordered layered organic-inorganic nanohybrid structure with good crystallinity. Intercalation is confirmed by the expansion of the interlayer spacing to about 15-17 A when metanilate was introduced into the interlamellae of Zn-Al LDHs. In addition, CHNS and FTIR analyses also support that metanilate anion has been successfully intercalated into the interlamellae of the inorganic LDH. Apart from M2+, this study also shows that the initial pH of the mother liquor plays an important role in determining the physicochemical properties of the resulting nanohybrids, especially the mole fraction of the Zn2+ substituted by the Al3+ ion in the LDH inorganic sheets which in turn controlled the loading percentage of the organic anion, surface properties and the true density. Preliminary study shows that LDH can be used to host beneficial guests, active agent with controlled release capability of the guests. Generally the overall process is governed by pseudo second order kinetic but for the first 180 min, the release process can be slightly better described by parabolic diffusion than the other models.
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Othman SS, Basri M, Hussein MZ, Abdul Rahman MB, Rahman RNZA, Salleh AB, Jasmani H. Production of highly enantioselective (−)-menthyl butyrate using Candida rugosa lipase immobilized on epoxy-activated supports. Food Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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140
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Zainal Z, Lee CY, Hussein MZ, Kassim A, Yusof NA. Electrochemical-assisted photodegradation of mixed dye and textile effluents using TiO2 thin films. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2007; 146:73-80. [PMID: 17196740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2005] [Revised: 11/27/2006] [Accepted: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Mixed dye consists of six commercial dyes and textile effluents from cotton dyeing process were treated by electrochemical-assisted photodegradation under halogen lamp illumination. Two types of effluents were collected which are samples before and after undergone pre-treatment at the factory wastewater treatment plant. The photodegradation process was studied by evaluating the changes in concentration employing UV-vis spectrophotometer (UV-vis) and total organic carbon (TOC) analysis. The photoelectrochemical degradation of mixed dye was found to follow the Langmuir Hinshelwood pseudo-first order kinetic while pseudo-second order kinetic model for effluents by using TOC analyses. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) values of mixed dye and raw effluents were reported. Photoelectrochemical characteristic of pollutants was studied using the cyclic voltammetry technique. Raw effluent was found to exhibit stronger reduction behaviour at cathodic bias potential but slightly less photoresponse at anodic bias than mixed dye.
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Zainal Z, Hui LK, Hussein MZ, Taufiq-Yap YH, Abdullah AH, Ramli I. Removal of dyes using immobilized titanium dioxide illuminated by fluorescent lamps. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2005; 125:113-20. [PMID: 15996813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2005] [Revised: 05/10/2005] [Accepted: 05/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The photodegradation of various dyes in aqueous solution was studied. Experiments were carried out using glass coated titanium dioxide thin film as photocatalyst. Photodegradation processes of methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO), indigo carmine (IC), chicago sky blue 6B (CSB), and mixed dye (MD, mixture of the four mentioned single dye) were reported. As each photodegradation system is pH dependent, the photodegradation experiment was carried out in each dye photodegradation reactive pH range at approximately 28 degrees C. The dyes removal efficiency was studied and compared using UV-vis spectrophotometer analysis. The total removal of each dye was: methylene blue (90.3%), methyl orange (98.5%), indigo carmine (92.4%), chicago sky blue 6B (60.3%), and mixed dyes (70.1%), respectively. The characteristic of the photocatalyst was investigated using X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The amount of each dye intermediate produced in the photodegradation process was also determined with the help of total organic carbon (TOC) analysis.
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Zainal Z, Lee CY, Hussein MZ, Kassim A, Yusof NA. Effect of supporting electrolytes in electrochemically-assisted photodegradation of an azo dye. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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143
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Zainal Z, Lee CY, Hussein MZ, Kassim A, Yusof NA. Electrochemical-assisted photodegradation of dye on TiO2 thin films: investigation on the effect of operational parameters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2005; 118:197-203. [PMID: 15721544 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2004] [Revised: 09/12/2004] [Accepted: 11/02/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical-assisted photodegradation of methyl orange has been investigated using TiO2 thin films. The films were prepared by sol-gel dip-coating method. Several operational parameters to achieve optimum efficiency of this electrochemical-assisted photodegradation system have been tested. Photoelectrochemical degradation was studied using different light sources and light intensity. The light sources chosen ranged from ultraviolet to visible light. The effect of agitation of the solution at different speeds has also been studied. Slight improvement of photodegradation rate was observed by applying higher agitation speed. Investigation on the electrode after repeated usages show the electrode can be reused up to 20 times with percentage of deficiency less than 15%. The study on the effect of solution temperature indicated that the activation energy of the methyl orange degradation is 18.63 kJ mol(-1).
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Rahman MBA, Basri M, Hussein MZ, Rahman RNZA, Zainol DH, Salleh AB. Immobilization of Lipase From Candida rugosa on Layered Double Hydroxides for Esterification Reaction. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2004; 118:313-20. [PMID: 15304759 DOI: 10.1385/abab:118:1-3:313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2003] [Revised: 10/10/2003] [Accepted: 10/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of Zn/Al-NO3- hydrotalcite (HIZAN) and Zn/Al-diocytyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS) nanocomposite (NAZAD) with a molar ratio of Zn/Al of 4:1 were carried out by coprecipitation through continuous agitation. Their structures were determined using X-ray diffractometer spectra, which showed that basal spacing for LDH synthesized by both methods was about 8.89 A. An expansion of layered structure of about 27.9 A was observed to accommodate the surfactant anion between the interlayer. This phenomenon showed that the intercalation process took place between the LDH interlayer. Lipase from Candida rugosa was immobilized onto these materials by physical adsorption method. It was found that the protein loading onto NAZAD is higher than HIZAN. The activity of immobilized lipase was investigated through esterification of oleic acid and 1-butanol in hexane. The effects of pore size, surface area, reaction temperature, thermostability of the immobilized lipases, storage stability in organic solvent, and leaching studies were investigated. Stability was found to be the highest in the nanocomposite NAZAD.
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Hussein MZ, Zainal Z, Yaziz I, Beng TC. The use of Mg/Al layered double hydroxide for color removal of textile wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2001; 36:565-573. [PMID: 11413839 DOI: 10.1081/ese-100103484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Layered double hydroxide of Mg-Al-carbonate system (MACH) was prepared and its heat-treated product (MACHT) was obtained by calcination at 500 degrees C. The resulting materials were used as an adsorbent for removal of color from synthetic textile wastewater (STW) and textile wastewater (TWW). Batch kinetic study showed that these materials are an efficient adsorbent for textile dye. The maximum adsorption capacities between 16 to 32 mg of dyes per g of adsorbent was obtained by fitting the adsorption data to the Langmuir adsorption Isotherm. It was found that the adsorption capacity of MACHT is higher than MACH.
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