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Zhang Y, Lang JY, Liu L, Wang J, Feng G, Jiang Y, Deng YL, Wang XJ, Yang YH, Dai TZ, Xie G, Pu J, Du XB. Association of nuclear factor κB expression with a poor outcome in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Med Oncol 2010; 28:1338-42. [PMID: 20499210 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-010-9571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between nuclear factor κB and the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We used immunohistochemical studies to examine nuclear factor κB expression in 42 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The results showed that tumors positive for nuclear factor κB were associated with an increased relapse potential, poor disease-free survival, and reduced overall survival in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Our study indicates that nuclear factor κB could be an independent molecular marker for predicting poor prognosis among patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Understanding the biology of nuclear factor κB-mediated pathways may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Karim RZ, Gerega SK, Yang YH, Spillane A, Carmalt H, Scolyer RA, Lee CS. p16 and pRb immunohistochemical expression increases with increasing tumour grade in mammary phyllodes tumours. Histopathology 2010; 56:868-75. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03562.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang YH, Ngo D, Jones M, Simpson E, Fritzemeier KH, Morand EF. Endogenous estrogen regulation of inflammatory arthritis and cytokine expression in male mice, predominantly via estrogen receptor alpha. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:1017-25. [PMID: 20131258 DOI: 10.1002/art.27330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A number of experimental observations have associated elevated estrogen levels with amelioration of inflammation. The involvement of estrogen and estrogen receptor (ER) isotypes in the regulation of inflammation in males is not well understood. In this study, we used specific ERalpha and ERbeta agonists in male mice deficient in estrogen because of a deletion of aromatase (aromatase-knockout [ArKO] mice) to investigate ER isotype utilization in estrogen regulation of inflammation. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine expression and antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) were investigated in male ArKO and WT littermate mice, as well as in response to selective agonists of ERalpha (16alpha-LE2) and ERbeta (8beta-VE2). The therapeutic effect of selective ER agonists was also examined in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). RESULTS Estrogen deficiency in ArKO mice was associated with significant increases in LPS-induced serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, and interferon-gamma levels, which were significantly abrogated by administration of 16alpha-LE2, but not 8beta-VE2. In contrast, both 16alpha-LE2 and 8beta-VE2 significantly increased LPS-induced IL-10 levels. Estrogen deficiency was also associated with significant exacerbation of AIA and antigen-specific T cell proliferation, which was reversed by administration of either 16alpha-LE2 or 8beta-VE2. ArKO mice showed increased antigen-specific T cell proliferation in response to immunization with type II collagen (CII). Administration of 16alpha-LE2, but not 8beta-VE2, significantly reduced the severity of CIA, which was associated with inhibition of anti-CII-specific IgG. CONCLUSION These data indicate that endogenous estrogen plays an essential inhibitory role in inflammation in male mice and that ERalpha is the dominant receptor that mediates these effects.
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Gui HL, Wang H, Yang YH, Wu YW, Zhou HJ, Guo SM, Lin LY, Wang L, Cai W, Chen R, Guo Q, Zhou XQ, Bao SS, Xie Q. Significant histopathology in Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients with persistently high-normal alanine aminotransferase. J Viral Hepat 2010; 17 Suppl 1:44-50. [PMID: 20586933 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Current guidelines recommend antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and high viral load. Scant histological data exist for CHB patients with persistently normal ALT (PNALT) because disease progression is thought to be rare. To identify potential predictors of significant histology in the presence of PNALT, we compared the clinical characteristics and histology of Chinese CHB PNALT patients to those in patients with elevated ALT. Percutaneous liver biopsy was performed in 522 CHB patients with Chinese ethnicity who had not had antiviral treatment. Differences in age, ALT, viral load, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status and liver histology were compared between eligible PNALT (252) and elevated ALT (270) patients. Of the PNALT patients, 38.5% had normal liver histology, 25.4% had significant necroinflammation and/or fibrosis and 8.4% had established cirrhosis. Furthermore, histopathological differences between patients with high-normal ALT (0.5-1.0 x the upper limit of normal (ULN)) and low-normal ALT (≤ 0.5 x ULN) were evaluated. There was a significantly greater prevalence of histopathology in the high-normal group (40.0%) than in the low-normal group (16.6%) (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression identified that significant histopathology findings in PNALT patients correlated with age (P < 0.001) and ALT level (P < 0.001), with age >40 years and ALT >0.5 x ULN predicting significant histopathology. Our data indicate that liver biopsy is recommended in CHB patients >40 years of age, particularly when their ALT is 0.5-1.0 x ULN. The findings above provide evidence for indication of antiviral therapy in patients with PNALT and significant histopathological change.
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Karim RZ, Gerega SK, Yang YH, Horvath L, Spillane A, Carmalt H, Scolyer RA, Lee CS. Proteins from the Wnt pathway are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of mammary phyllodes tumours. J Clin Pathol 2010; 62:1016-20. [PMID: 19861560 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2009.066977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Wnt pathway is important in cell signalling transduction and is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple tumour types. A comprehensive analysis of the expression of Wnt signalling pathway proteins in mammary phyllodes tumours (PTs) has not been previously performed. AIMS To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Wnt pathway proteins in a cohort of PTs, to determine their role in tumour pathogenesis and to identify any associations with patient outcome. METHODS 65 PTs (34 benign, 23 borderline and 8 malignant) diagnosed at a single institution between 1990 and 2006 were analysed. Immunohistochemical stains were performed on tissue microarrays for beta-catenin, Wnt1, Wnt5a, SFRP4 and E-cadherin. Stroma and epithelium were scored separately. RESULTS Stromal cytoplasmic Wnt5a and SFRP4 expression showed significant progressive increases in expression with increasing grade (p = 0.002 and p = 0.02 respectively). Epithelial membranous and stromal nuclear beta-catenin, epithelial cytoplasmic Wnt1 and epithelial E-cadherin all also showed increasing expression with increasing tumour grade, however, the differences were not significant. Disease-free survival was significantly decreased (p = 0.0017) with positive epithelial E-cadherin staining. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that alterations in the Wnt pathway are important in the progression and in the epithelial and stromal interactions in PTs. They have important implications for understanding the pathogenesis of these uncommon but clinically important tumours.
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Liang F, Yang YH, Wang J, Chan KS. Spin-polarized transport induced by spin-pumping in a Rashba ring. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2009; 21:485304. [PMID: 21832514 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/48/485304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Keldysh Green's function method is employed to study spin-dependent electron transport through a Rashba ring with a quantum dot (QD) embedded in one of its arms. Zero charge bias is applied on the system while a rotating magnetic field is considered in the QD to pump pure spin current. The Rashba spin-orbital coupling (RSOC) can cause a spin precession phase of the electron passing through the ring, so that the quantum interference in the ring can lead to a spin-polarized charge current flowing in the leads and the arm without a QD, whereas only pure spin current is flowing in the other arm with a QD. It is shown that for low frequency ω of the rotating magnetic field, the pumped charge current is proportional to ω unlike the charge current produced by mono-parametric quantum charge pumping, which is usually proportional to ω(2). Moreover, the magnitude, the direction, as well as the spin-polarization of the charge current can be controlled by tuning the device parameters such as the QD energy level, the RSOC strength, and the strength of the electron tunneling between the leads and the QD. Hence the studied device may serve as a generating source for tunable spin-polarized current in the spintronics field.
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Gu Y, Yang YH, Wang J, Chan KS. Single-parameter charge pump in a zigzag graphene nanoribbon. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2009; 21:405301. [PMID: 21832408 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/40/405301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a theoretical study of a single-parameter quantum charge pump in the clean zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) system. By Keldysh Green's function method, we show that a pumped current in the ZGNR with an even number of zigzag chains can sharply increase from zero as the frequency matches the Fermi energy, whereas the pumped charge current is always absent in the ZGNR with an odd number of zigzag chains as well as the GNR with armchair edges, it is attributed to the peculiar zero-energy edge state in the ZGNR and the symmetry breaking of the topologically inequivalent carbon atoms due to the zigzag edges. The pumped current in the even-ZGNR decreases with the Fermi energy and its direction is determined by Fermi energy below or above the Dirac point as well as the type of carbon atoms at one edge of the ZGNR. The two-parameter charge pump in the ZGNR is also discussed and the magnitude of the pumped current is comparable to the single-parameter pump when the pumping frequency matches the Fermi energy.
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Wang LD, Yang YH, Liu Y, Song HT, Zhang LY, Li PL. Decreased expression of annexin A1 during the progression of cervical neoplasia. J Int Med Res 2008; 36:665-72. [PMID: 18652761 DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the expression of annexin A1 (ANXA1) is associated with the progression of cervical neoplasia. ANXA1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded cervical tissue samples (n = 234), comprising 52 samples of normal cervical epithelia, 30 of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, 27 of CIN II, 32 of CIN III, and 93 of invasive squamous cell carcinoma (ISCC). ANXA1 expression was strong in normal cervical squamous epithelium and significantly reduced with increasing progression of cervical neoplasia. Moreover, a close association was observed between ANXA1 expression and tumour cell differentiation in ISCC. These preliminary results indicate that ANXA1 may be an effective candidate for detecting CIN lesions and for evaluating tumour cell differentiation in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
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Chen FL, Yang ZH, Liu Y, Li LX, Liang WC, Wang XC, Zhou WB, Yang YH, Hu RM. Berberine inhibits the expression of TNFalpha, MCP-1, and IL-6 in AcLDL-stimulated macrophages through PPARgamma pathway. Endocrine 2008; 33:331-7. [PMID: 19034703 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-008-9089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are the main source of cytokines in atherosclerotic plaques. Modified low-density lipoproteins may stimulate macrophages to produce large quantities of proinflammatory cytokines that promote atherosclerosis. Berberine is the main component of the traditional Chinese medicine umbellatine, which has a widespread effect and was used to treat many diseases clinically. Our previous study found that berberine could increase adipophilin expression in macrophages, which is a target gene of PPARgamma. PPARgamma agonist could decrease proinflammatory cytokines in macrophage. In this study, we investigated the effects and the mechanism of action of berberine on the expression and secretion of TNFalpha, MCP-1, and IL-6 in vitro to identify new pharmacological actions of berberine. The results of RT-PCR and ELISA shows that berberine may inhibit the expression and secretion of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in macrophages stimulated by acetylated low-density lipoprotein (AcLDL), whereas the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) inhibitor GW9662 could attenuate this effect of berberine. This study demonstrates that berberine may inhibit the expression and production of TNF-alpha, MCP-1, and IL-6 in AcLDL-stimulated macrophages. This effect might be partially mediated through PPARgamma activity.
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Zhang ZW, Song LJ, Meng QF, Li ZP, Luo BN, Yang YH, Pei Z. High-resolution diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the human lumbosacral plexus and its branches based on a steady-state free precession imaging technique at 3T. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29:1092-4. [PMID: 18339722 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
3D diffusion-weighted steady-state free precession imaging (3D DW-SSFP) with isotropic resolution was performed to delineate structures of the human lumbosacral plexus (LSP). 3D DW-SSFP clearly revealed detailed anatomy of the LSP and its branches. Our data suggest that the sequence based on 3D DW-SSFP can be used for high-resolution MR imaging of the peripheral nervous system.
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Liang KH, Tjahjadi T, Yang YH. Bounded diffusion for multiscale edge detection using regularized cubic B-spline fitting. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS. PART B, CYBERNETICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS SOCIETY 2008; 29:291-7. [PMID: 18252302 DOI: 10.1109/3477.752803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This paper shows that in edge detection the regularization factor alpha is a better scale parameter than the standard deviation (sigma) of the Gaussian pre-filter. The alpha scale space, which exhibits the evolutionary behaviour of an edge in various scales, is the basis for the design of a multiscale edge detector (MRCBS). In MRCBS, the scale is determined adaptively according to the local noise level; the thresholds which control the amount of edge details are adjusted according to the scale; and the anisotropic diffusion is applied in the finest scale to further suppress noise.
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Yang YH, Chen XY, Feng Y, Yang GW. Physical mechanism of blue-shift of UV luminescence of a single pencil-like ZnO nanowire. NANO LETTERS 2007; 7:3879-3883. [PMID: 18001107 DOI: 10.1021/nl071849h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cathodoluminescence spectroscopy is used to address the ultraviolet (UV) luminescence of a single pencil-like ZnO nanowire whose diameter gradually reduces from bottom to top in the range of 700-50 nm. It is found that the UV emission energy evidently shifts to the high energy with the ZnO nanowire's diameter decreasing and the blue-shift of 90 meV is observed when the nanowire diameter reduces to 50 from 700 nm. The physical mechanism of the UV blue-shift of the ZnO nanowire is attributed to the Burstein-Moss effect under the high carrier concentration.
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Shen XZ, Lu Q, Deng L, Yu S, Zhang H, Deng Q, Jiang M, Hu Y, Yao KH, Yang YH. Resistance of Haemophilus influenzae isolates in children under 5 years old with acute respiratory infections in China between 2000 and 2002. J Int Med Res 2007; 35:554-63. [PMID: 17697534 DOI: 10.1177/147323000703500416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective, three-centre study tested for antimicrobial susceptibility in 898 isolates of Haemophilus influenzae between 2000 and 2002 in Chinese children aged under 5 years with acute upper respiratory tract infection. The average incidence of beta-lactamase production was 12.0%. Overall, 88.0% of isolates were susceptible to ampicillin, 100.0% were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime and azithromycin, and 99.0% were susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Isolates from Beijing and Shanghai had a lower susceptibility to tetracycline (57.0% and 61.0%, respectively) compared with those from Guangzhou (81.0%), while trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole susceptibilities in Shanghai (47.0%) and Guangzhou (54.0%) were significantly higher than in Beijing (35.0%). A total of 34.5% of all the isolates were susceptible to all eight of these antimicrobial agents and 12.8% were multi-drug resistant. Ampicillin resistance increased over the duration of the study. These findings show that beta-lactamase production and ampicillin resistance among isolates from Chinese children with upper respiratory tract infection are increasing, and highlight the strong correlation between ampicillin resistance and resistance to cefaclor, chloramphenicol and tetracycline in H. influenzae isolates.
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Hang LH, Shao DH, Yang YH, Dai TJ, Zeng YM. SPINAL ?-AMINO-3-HYDROXY-5-METHYL-4-ISOXAZOLEPROPIONIC ACID RECEPTORS MAY MEDIATE THE ANALGESIC EFFECTS OF EMULSIFIED HALOGENATED ANAESTHETICS. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2007; 34:1121-5. [PMID: 17880364 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04690.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
1. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between spinal cord alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors and the analgesic effects of emulsified halogenated anaesthetics. 2. After having established the mouse model of analgesia by intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injections of appropriate doses of emulsified enflurane, isoflurane or sevoflurane, we injected different doses of AMPA intrathecally and observed effects on the pain threshold using the hot-plate and acetic acid-induced writhing tests. 3. The results showed that intrathecal injection of AMPA (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 ng) did not affect the pain threshold on the hot-plate test or the writhing times in conscious mice. In contrast, AMPA (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 ng intrathecally) significantly and dose-dependently decreased the pain threshold on the hot-plate test and increased the writhing times in mice treated with emulsified anaesthetics. 4. These results suggest that spinal AMPA receptors may be important targets for the analgesic effects of emulsified enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane.
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MESH Headings
- Acetic Acid
- Analgesics/chemistry
- Analgesics/pharmacology
- Analgesics/therapeutic use
- Anesthetics, Inhalation/chemistry
- Anesthetics, Inhalation/pharmacology
- Anesthetics, Inhalation/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Emulsions
- Enflurane/pharmacology
- Hot Temperature
- Hydrocarbons, Halogenated/chemistry
- Hydrocarbons, Halogenated/pharmacology
- Hydrocarbons, Halogenated/therapeutic use
- Injections, Spinal
- Isoflurane/pharmacology
- Methyl Ethers/pharmacology
- Mice
- Pain/chemically induced
- Pain/metabolism
- Pain/physiopathology
- Pain/prevention & control
- Pain Measurement
- Pain Threshold/drug effects
- Receptors, AMPA/drug effects
- Receptors, AMPA/metabolism
- Sevoflurane
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Time Factors
- alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid/administration & dosage
- alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid/metabolism
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Chen S, Yang YH, Yi L, Lu P, Guo DS. Phase fluctuations of linearly chirped solitons in a noisy optical fiber channel with varying dispersion, nonlinearity, and gain. Phys Rev E 2007; 75:036617. [PMID: 17500819 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.036617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The phase fluctuations of arbitrarily nonlinearity- and dispersion-managed solitons propagating in a noisy fiber channel are studied both analytically and numerically. We begin by discussing the stability problem of such linearly chirped solitons with a full linear stability analysis. It is shown that these sophisticated solitons possess an enhanced stability against perturbations and therefore hold promise for applications in optical telecommunications. We then make an approach to the phase statistics of these solitons, which stems from an inevitable random walk in phase evolutions due to amplified spontaneous emission noise. By using the variational approach together with impulse-response (Green) functions, an elegant closed-form expression for the phase variance is derived based on an unconstrained self-similar soliton ansatz in which the effect of chirp fluctuations has been critically taken into account as well as the dispersive and nonlinear effects. An inspection of the intriguing subtleties of the interplay among these effects reveals that the chirp fluctuations effect does play an important role in the control of nonlinear phase noise via fiber dispersion, independently of whether the input solitons are initially chirped or not. Our analytical result also offers many possibilities of optimally manipulating nonlinear phase noise with engineered fiber parameters that may lead to the steady pulse propagation, broadening, or compression under favorable parametric conditions. Last, we demonstrate our result by several convincible examples and show an excellent agreement between analytical predictions and numerical simulations.
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Lin YT, Wang CT, Lee JH, Chu CY, Tsao WC, Yang YH, Chiang BL. Higher Bcl-2 levels decrease staphylococcal superantigen-induced apoptosis of CD4+ T cells in atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2007; 62:520-6. [PMID: 17313401 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staphylococcal superantigens (SsAgs) contribute to the persistence of allergic skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD). The aims of this study were to (1) determine whether there are differences between AD patients and healthy subjects in SsAg-induced caspase-3 activation and SsAg-induced changes of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of CD4+ T cells; (2) investigate the effect of interleukin (IL)-4 on SsAg-induced caspase-3 activation and SsAg-induced changes of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 mRNA levels of CD4+ T cells. METHODS Using immunofluorescence staining followed by flow cytometric analysis and real-time PCR, we analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells with or without staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) stimulation in the presence or absence of recombinant IL-4 or anti-IL-4 neutralizing antibodies in 16 AD patients and 14 healthy subjects. RESULTS SEB-reactive (TCRVbeta3+, Vbeta12+, and Vbeta17+) CD4+ T cells from AD patients were more resistant to SEB-induced caspase-3 activation and SEB-induced decrease of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 mRNA than those from healthy subjects. Exogenously added IL-4 inhibited SEB-induced caspase-3 activation and SEB-induced decrease of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 mRNA in SEB-reactive CD4+ T cells from healthy subjects. Inhibition of endogenous IL-4 by using anti-IL-4 neutralizing antibodies up-regulated SEB-induced caspase-3 activation and SEB-induced decrease of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 mRNA in SEB-reactive CD4+ T cells from AD patients. CONCLUSIONS Following SsAg stimulation, IL-4 produced by T cells in AD patients down-regulates SsAg-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis of CD4+ T cells through inhibiting the decrease of Bcl-2. This may impair deletion of SsAg-activated T cells and resolution of allergic skin inflammation.
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Xiao Y, Segal MR, Yang YH, Yeh RF. A multi-array multi-SNP genotyping algorithm for Affymetrix SNP microarrays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 23:1459-67. [PMID: 17459966 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
MOTIVATION Modern strategies for mapping disease loci require efficient genotyping of a large number of known polymorphic sites in the genome. The sensitive and high-throughput nature of hybridization-based DNA microarray technology provides an ideal platform for such an application by interrogating up to hundreds of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a single assay. Similar to the development of expression arrays, these genotyping arrays pose many data analytic challenges that are often platform specific. Affymetrix SNP arrays, e.g. use multiple sets of short oligonucleotide probes for each known SNP, and require effective statistical methods to combine these probe intensities in order to generate reliable and accurate genotype calls. RESULTS We developed an integrated multi-SNP, multi-array genotype calling algorithm for Affymetrix SNP arrays, MAMS, that combines single-array multi-SNP (SAMS) and multi-array, single-SNP (MASS) calls to improve the accuracy of genotype calls, without the need for training data or computation-intensive normalization procedures as in other multi-array methods. The algorithm uses resampling techniques and model-based clustering to derive single array based genotype calls, which are subsequently refined by competitive genotype calls based on (MASS) clustering. The resampling scheme caps computation for single-array analysis and hence is readily scalable, important in view of expanding numbers of SNPs per array. The MASS update is designed to improve calls for atypical SNPs, harboring allele-imbalanced binding affinities, that are difficult to genotype without information from other arrays. Using a publicly available data set of HapMap samples from Affymetrix, and independent calls by alternative genotyping methods from the HapMap project, we show that our approach performs competitively to existing methods. AVAILABILITY R functions are available upon request from the authors.
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Lu B, Wen J, Song XY, Dong XH, Yang YH, Zhang ZY, Zhao NQ, Ye HY, Mou B, Chen FL, Liu Y, Shen Y, Wang XC, Zhou LN, Li YM, Zhu XX, Hu RM. High prevalence of albuminuria in population-based patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in the Shanghai downtown. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2007; 75:184-92. [PMID: 16893584 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2006.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of albuminuria and the risk factors associated with albuminuria were evaluated among the Chinese patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes aged over 30 in the Shanghai downtown. We also evaluated the variability of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) among the three measurements and the relationship between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and albuminuria. METHODS The 1039 Chinese patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes aged over 30 were investigated by randomized cluster sampling in the Shanghai downtown and 1018 patients were analyzed in this study. Body mass measurements including height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference, resting blood pressure, fasting blood measures, urinary ACR and the digitally stored fundus images were investigated. The prevalence of albuminuria was calculated and the risk factors associated with albuminuria were evaluated by stepwise logistic regression. The concordance of urinary ACR was evaluated by observed agreement. The relationship between albuminuria and DR was also evaluated. RESULTS (1) The mean age of all patients was 66.10+/-11.54 years and the duration of diabetes was 7.89+/-7.16 years. (2) The prevalence of albuminuria was 49.6% among the Chinese patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes aged over 30 in the Shanghai downtown, 41.4% with microalbuminuria and 8.2% with macroalbuminuria. (3) Microalbuminuria was significantly associated with systolic blood pressure, gender and waist circumference. Macroalbuminuria was significantly associated with systolic blood pressure and duration of diabetes. (4) Observed agreement among the three urinary ACR measurement for albuminuria staging was 73.3% (first versus second), 64.5% (first versus third) and 77.5% (second versus third). Observed agreement in the albuminuria staging between the single urinary ACR measurement and all three urinary ACR measurements was 85.8% (first versus all three), 87.6% (second versus all three) and 81.9% (third versus all three). (5) The percentage of DR in the macroalbuminuric group (59.2%) was significantly higher than that in the normalbuminuria group (16.1%) and microalbuminuria group (24.6%). (6) The macroalbuminuric patients with DR had significantly increased fasting blood glucose and HbA1c compared with the macroalbuminuric patients without DR. CONCLUSION The prevalence of microalbuminuria observed in the Chinese patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes aged over 30 in the Shanghai downtown reached up to 41.4% though the observations in our study might be representative of the diabetic patients of the Shanghai downtown. We agreed that at least two of the three urinary collections were done in a 3- to 6-month period because of the day-to-day variability in albumin excretion. The percentage of DR among the patients with macroalbuminuria was 59.2%, and the macroalbuminuric patients with the significantly high plasma glucose and DR were prone to diagnose DN.
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Yang YH, Wang B, Yang GW. Growth mechanisms of one-dimensional zinc oxide hierarchical structures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2006; 17:5556-5560. [PMID: 21727323 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/22/005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) zinc oxide (ZnO) hierarchical structures have been self-assembled on amorphous carbons using thermal chemical vapour transport and condensation. Three typical micro- and nanostructures consisting of micrometre-sized rods and nanometre-sized needles were observed. Growth mechanisms were established to elucidate the growth properties of 1D ZnO hierarchical structures.
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145
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Dmitriev A, Yang YH, Shen AD, Totolian A. Adjacent location of the bac gene and two-component regulatory system genes within the putative Streptococcus agalactiae pathogenicity island. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2006; 51:229-35. [PMID: 17004655 DOI: 10.1007/bf02932127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A chromosomal DNA fragment of 8992 bp in size that has not been previously identified in Streptococcus agalactiae, was cloned and sequenced from strain 98-D60C. In particular, this 8992-bp fragment contained genes homologous to the sensor histidine kinase gene and the DNA-binding response-regulator gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae, and S. agalactiae bac gene. Structural and genetic features of the 8992-bp fragment were highly similar to those specific for bacterial pathogenicity islands. Analysis of epidemiologically unrelated S. agalactiae strains revealed that this fragment was present only in bac gene-positive strains. The possible origin of the 8992-bp fragment in S. agalactiae and its significance for molecular mechanisms of "bacteria-host" interactions are discussed.
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Wang B, Yang YH, Yang GW. Growth mechanisms of SnO(2)/Sn nanocables. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2006; 17:4682-4688. [PMID: 21727597 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/18/026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
SnO(2)/Sn nanocables have been grown on single-crystal Si substrates by metal catalyst assisted thermal evaporation of SnO powders. The morphologies and structures of the prepared nanocables were determined on the basis of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectra analyses. The microstructures and compositions of the top and bottom regions of the SnO(2)/Sn nanocables were identified by HRTEM in detail, which revealed some basic physical and chemical processes involved in the formation of the nanocables. A growth model was proposed to address the formation of SnO(2)/Sn nanocables on the basis of the vapour-liquid-solid (VLS) process.
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He GL, Zhao ZG, Liu S, Yang YH, Liu M, Xing DY. Voltage noise of current-driven vortices in disordered Josephson junction arrays. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2006; 18:7841-7850. [PMID: 21690890 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/18/32/027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dynamical phenomena of moving vortices and voltage noise spectra are studied in disordered Josephson junction arrays (JJAs). The plastic motion of vortices, smectic flow, and moving Bragg glass phases are separated by two dynamic melting transitions driven by current. From the voltage noise spectra of moving vortices, it is found that the driving current plays an important role in the melting of pinning vortices glass and ordering of moving vortices. The features of noise spectra obtained in the disordered JJA model have been observed recently in the high-temperature superconductor Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(y) near the first-order melting transition, indicating that both of them are related to each other.
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148
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Chang HP, Liu PH, Yang YH, Lin HC, Chang CH. Craniofacial morphometric analysis of mandibular prognathism. J Oral Rehabil 2006; 33:183-93. [PMID: 16512884 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2005.01563.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to provide more information about the morphological characteristics of the craniofacial complex in mandibular prognathism. Forty young adult males having mandibular prognathism were compared with 40 having normal occlusion. This was conducted to carry out geometric morphometric assessments to localize alterations, using Procrustes analysis and thin-plate spline analysis, in addition to conventional cephalometric techniques. Procrustes analysis indicated that the mean craniofacial, midfacial and mandibular morphology was significantly different in prognathic subjects compared with normal controls. This finding was corroborated by the multivariate Hotelling T(2)-test of cephalometric variables. Mandibular prognathism demonstrated a shorter and slightly retropositioned maxilla, a greater total length and anterior positioning of the mandible. Thin-plate spline analysis revealed a developmental diminution of the palatomaxillary region anteroposteriorly and a developmental elongation of the mandible anteroposteriorly, leading to the appearance of a prognathic mandibular profile. In conclusion, thin-plate spline analysis seems to provide a valuable supplement for conventional cephalometric analysis because the complex patterns of craniofacial shape change are visualized suggestive by means of grid deformations.
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Hsieh SL, Chen SM, Yang YH, Kuo CM. Involvement of norepinephrine in the hyperglycemic responses of the freshwater giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, under cold shock. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2006; 143:254-63. [PMID: 16423547 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2005.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2005] [Revised: 11/30/2005] [Accepted: 12/02/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemic response of freshwater giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, under acute cold shock was investigated, and the involvement and stimulatory pathways of norepinephrine (NE) on induced-glycemia were further examined. Remarkable elevations in hemolymph glucose at comparable magnitude were observed in both intact and eyestalkless prawn under cold treatments, suggesting that hyperglycemic response of this species is not solely mediated through the actions of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone released from X-organ sinus gland complex on the target tissues, but NE is involved. Positive and significant correlations were noted between the hemolymph glucose titers and NE contents in both thoracic ganglia and the hemolymph, suggesting that NE plays a significant role in the hyperglycemic responses of this species under cold. Depressive effects of various adrenoceptor antagonists monitored in vivo and in vitro further suggest that the action of NE is primarily mediated through both alpha1- and beta1-adrenoceptors.
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Chao KH, Chen SU, Ho HN, Yang YH. AC-009 Clinical assessment of women undergoing IVF-embryo transfer using recombinant human FSH filled-by-mass. Reprod Biomed Online 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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