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Garcia-Larsen V, Del Giacco SR, Moreira A, Bonini M, Charles D, Reeves T, Carlsen KH, Haahtela T, Bonini S, Fonseca J, Agache I, Papadopoulos NG, Delgado L. Asthma and dietary intake: an overview of systematic reviews. Allergy 2016; 71:433-42. [PMID: 26505989 DOI: 10.1111/all.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological research on the relationship between diet and asthma has increased in the last decade. Several components found in foods have been proposed to have a series of antioxidant, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties, which can have a protective effect against asthma risk. Several literature reviews and critical appraisals have been published to summarize the existing evidence in this field. In the context of this EAACI Lifestyle and asthma Task Force, we summarize the evidence from existing systematic reviews on dietary intake and asthma, using the PRISMA guidelines. We therefore report the quality of eligible systematic reviews and summarize the results of those with an AMSTAR score ≥32. The GRADE approach is used to assess the overall quality of the existing evidence. This overview is centred on systematic reviews of nutritional components provided in the diet only, as a way to establish what type of advice can be given in clinical practice and to the general population on dietary habits and asthma.
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Madureira J, Paciência I, Rufo J, Moreira A, de Oliveira Fernandes E, Pereira A. Radon in indoor air of primary schools: determinant factors, their variability and effective dose. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2016; 38:523-533. [PMID: 26100326 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-015-9737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Radon is a radioactive gas, abundant in granitic areas, such as in the city of Porto at the north-east of Portugal. This gas is a recognized carcinogenic agent, being appointed by the World Health Organization as the leading cause of lung cancer after smoking. The aim of this preliminary survey was to determine indoor radon concentrations in public primary schools, to analyse the main factors influencing their indoor concentration levels and to estimate the effective dose in students and teachers in primary schools. Radon concentrations were measured in 45 classrooms from 13 public primary schools located in Porto, using CR-39 passive radon detectors for about 2-month period. In all schools, radon concentrations ranged from 56 to 889 Bq/m(3) (mean = 197 Bq/m(3)). The results showed that the limit of 100 Bq/m(3) established by WHO IAQ guidelines was exceeded in 92 % of the measurements, as well as 8 % of the measurements exceeded the limit of 400 Bq/m(3) established by the national legislation. Moreover, the mean annual effective dose was calculated as 1.25 mSv/y (ranging between 0.58 and 3.07 mSv/y), which is below the action level (3-10 mSv). The considerable variability of radon concentration observed between and within floors indicates a need to monitor concentrations in several rooms for each floor. A single radon detector for each room can be used, provided that the measurement error is considerably lower than variability of radon concentration between rooms. The results of the present survey will provide useful baseline data for adopting safety measures and dealing effectively with radiation emergencies. In particular, radon remediation techniques should be used in buildings located in the highest radon risk areas of Portugal. The results obtained in the current study concerning radon levels and their variations will be useful to optimize the design of future research surveys.
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178
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Amaral L, Silva D, Couto M, Nunes C, Rocha SM, Coimbra MA, Coimbra A, Moreira A. Safety of chitosan processed wine in shrimp allergic patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2016; 116:462-3. [PMID: 27009439 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Moreira A. PBJ: where science meets knowledge. Porto Biomed J 2016; 1:1. [PMID: 32258537 PMCID: PMC6806943 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbj.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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180
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Couto M, Moreira A. The athlete "out of breath". Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 48:36-45. [PMID: 26934737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Athletes often complain about breathing problems. This is a crucial issue due to potential implications not only on their general health, but also on their competing performance. Asthma and exercise-induced bronchoconstriction are prevalent conditions in elite athletes, which leads doctors to rely most of the times on asthma medication to treat athletes feeling "out of breath". However, there are several other conditions that may mimic asthma and cause dyspnea in athletes. Effective treatment of dyspnea requires appropriate identification and treatment of all disorders. Proper knowledge and accurate diagnosis of such entities is mandatory, since asthma medication is not effective in those conditions. Herein we review the most common differential diagnosis of dyspnea in athletes, and describe the diagnostic strategies in order to increase awareness and to improve doctor's confidence on dealing with these patients.
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181
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Cavaleiro Rufo J, Madureira J, Oliveira Fernandes E, Moreira A. Volatile organic compounds in asthma diagnosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy 2016; 71:175-88. [PMID: 26476125 DOI: 10.1111/all.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the value and classification rate of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in asthma diagnosis. A PRISMA-oriented systematic search for published studies regarding exhaled VOCs in asthma diagnosis was conducted based on predefined criteria. Studies presenting sensitivity and specificity values for the test were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled diagnosis odds ratios (DOR), area under the curve (AUC) and positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR) for exhaled VOC profiles were calculated; and publication bias, threshold effect and heterogeneity were estimated. Eighteen studies were selected for the qualitative analysis and six met the criteria for inclusion in the quantitative analysis. Mean (95% CI) pooled DOR, positive and negative LR were 49.3 (15.9-153.3), 5.86 (3.07-11.21) and 0.16 (0.10-0.26), respectively. The AUC value was 0.94. Only three of the 18 reviewed studies performed an external validation of the model using a different data set. The results from the revised studies suggest that exhaled VOCs are promising biomarkers for asthma diagnosis and that several compounds, mainly alkanes, may be significantly associated with asthma inflammation. However, there are still various constraints associated with standardization and externally validated studies are needed to introduce exhaled VOC profiling in a clinical scenario.
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182
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Paciência I, Madureira J, Rufo J, Moreira A, Fernandes EDO. A systematic review of evidence and implications of spatial and seasonal variations of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in indoor human environments. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2016; 19:47-64. [PMID: 27163962 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2015.1134371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Many volatile organic compounds (VOC) are classified as known or possible human carcinogens, irritants, and toxicants, and VOC exposure has been associated with asthma and other respiratory symptoms/diseases. This review summarizes recent quantitative data regarding VOC in four categories of indoor environments (schools, housing, offices, and other indoor) and compares the types and concentration levels of individual VOC that were detected, measured, and reported according to season (cold and warm). The influence of outdoor air on concentrations of indoor VOC was also assessed as ratios of indoor versus outdoor. Papers published from 2000 onward were reviewed and 1383 potentially relevant studies were identified. From these, 177 were removed after duplication, 1176 were excluded for not meeting the review criteria, and 40 were included in this review. On average, higher mean concentrations of indoor VOC were found in housing environments, in offices, and in the cold season. Volatile organic compounds are commonly present in indoor air and specific compounds, and their concentrations vary among indoor environments and seasons, indicating corresponding differences in sources (indoors and outdoors). Actions and policies to reduce VOC exposures, such as improved product labeling and consumer education, are recommended.
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183
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Lopes C, Rocha L, Sokhatska O, Soares J, Tavaria F, Correia O, Pintado M, Fernandes S, Delgado L, Moreira A. Filaggrin Polymorphism Pro478Ser Is Associated With the Severity of Atopic Dermatitis and Colonization by Staphylococcal aureus. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2016; 26:70-72. [PMID: 27012026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
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184
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Neto M, Pinto M, Oliveira A, Padrão P, Moreira A, Moreira P. Hydration status and associated dietary factors in children. NUTR HOSP 2015; 32 Suppl 2:10324. [PMID: 26615294 DOI: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.sup2.10324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
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185
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Marcelino PR, Aoki MS, Arruda A, Freitas CG, Mendez-Villanueva A, Moreira A. Does small-sided-games' court area influence metabolic, perceptual, and physical performance parameters of young elite basketball players? Biol Sport 2015; 33:37-42. [PMID: 26985132 PMCID: PMC4786584 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1180174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of court size on physiological responses and physical performance of young elite basketball players. Twelve male basketball players (18.6 ± 0.5 years; 88.8 ± 14.5 kg; 192.6 ± 6.5 cm) from an under-19 team performed two small-sided games (matches) with different court areas (28x15 m and 28x9 m; 28x15 and 28x9 protocols). The number of players (3x3) was kept the same in each protocol. The players performed a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test before and after each match. Blood lactate concentration was collected before (pre) and after (post) the matches, and the session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE) was determined 30 minutes after the match. Best and mean time in the RSA test were not different between the 28x15 and the 28x9 match protocols (p > 0.05). A significant difference was observed for lactate concentration from pre- to post-match (p < 0.05) in both protocols (28x15 and 28x9); however, there was no significant interaction between protocols. A similar session-RPE mean score (28x15: 7.2 ± 1.4 and 28x9: 6.6 ± 1.4) was detected for both protocols (p > 0.05, ES=0.41). In summary, the results of the current study suggest that the different court areas induced similar responses. Although there was no significant difference in effort perception, players tended to perceive a greater effort in the larger court size.
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186
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Ansley L, Bonini M, Delgado L, Del Giacco S, Du Toit G, Khaitov M, Kurowski M, Hull JH, Moreira A, Robson-Ansley PJ. Pathophysiological mechanisms of exercise-induced anaphylaxis: an EAACI position statement. Allergy 2015; 70:1212-21. [PMID: 26100553 DOI: 10.1111/all.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This document is the result of a consensus on the mechanisms of exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIAn), an unpredictable and potentially fatal syndrome. A multidisciplinary panel of experts including exercise physiologists, allergists, lung physicians, paediatricians and a biostatistician reached the given consensus. Exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIAn) describes a rare and potentially fatal syndrome in which anaphylaxis occurs in conjunction with exercise. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying EIAn have not yet been elucidated although a number of hypotheses have been proposed. This review evaluates the validity of each of the popular theories in relation to exercise physiology and immunology. On the basis of this evidence, it is concluded that proposed mechanisms lack validity, and it is recommended that a global research network is developed with a common approach to the diagnosis and treatment of EIAn in order to gain sufficient power for scientific evaluation.
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187
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Belas A, Moreira A, Braz BS, Carrapiço B. Trends of analytical results from pesticide poisoning of domestic and wild animals in Portugal over a 11- year period. Toxicol Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.08.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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188
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Couto M, Stang J, Horta L, Stensrud T, Severo M, Mowinckel P, Silva D, Delgado L, Moreira A, Carlsen KH. Two distinct phenotypes of asthma in elite athletes identified by latent class analysis. J Asthma 2015; 52:897-904. [PMID: 26377281 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2015.1067321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clusters of asthma in athletes have been insufficiently studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize asthma phenotypes in elite athletes using latent class analysis (LCA) and to evaluate its association with the type of sport practiced. METHODS In the present cross-sectional study, an analysis of athletes' records was carried out in databases of the Portuguese National Anti-Doping Committee and the Norwegian School of Sport Sciences. Athletes with asthma, diagnosed according to criteria given by the International Olympic Committee, were included for LCA. Sports practiced were categorized into water, winter and other sports. RESULTS Of 324 files screened, 150 files belonged to asthmatic athletes (91 Portuguese; 59 Norwegian). LCA retrieved two clusters: "atopic asthma" defined by allergic sensitization, rhinitis and allergic co-morbidities and increased exhaled nitric oxide levels; and "sports asthma", defined by exercise-induced respiratory symptoms and airway hyperesponsiveness without allergic features. The risk of developing the phenotype "sports asthma" was significantly increased in athletes practicing water (OR = 2.87; 95% CI [1.82-4.51]) and winter (OR = 8.65; 95% CI [2.67-28.03]) sports, when compared with other athletes. CONCLUSION Two asthma phenotypes were identified in elite athletes: "atopic asthma" and "sports asthma". The type of sport practiced was associated with different phenotypes: water and winter sport athletes had three- and ninefold increased risk of "sports asthma". Recognizing different phenotypes is clinically relevant as it would lead to distinct targeted treatments.
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Nunes H, Vaz F, Opinião A, Guimarães A, Felix A, Francisc A, Moreira A. 2721 Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia - a 10-year experience of a cancer centre. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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190
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Rebelo Ferreira A, Palha A, Correia L, Filipe P, Rodrigues V, Costa L, Miranda A, André R, Fernandes J, Gouveia J, Passos Coelho J, Moreira A, Brito M, Ribeiro J, Freedman R, Metzger-Filho O, Lin N, Vaz-Luís I. 1962 The use of trastuzumab in patients with early breast cancer: A multi-institutional study. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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191
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Pereira J, Araújo C, Moreira A, Cassiano M, Dinis J, Ribeiro C, Sousa A, Ferreira A, Mesquita A, Martins P, Capelo R, Lima M, Cunha D, Brito D, Sanches C, Guimarães J, Abreu de Sousa J. 2832 Induction chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil in locally advanced oral cavity cancer. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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192
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Cardoso C, Esteves S, Luís A, Freire J, Pimenta A, Mão-Ferro S, Ferreira S, Serrano M, Bettencourt A, Moreira A. 2256 Chemoradiotherapy in esophageal cancer: The prognostic significance of smoking and/or drinking in the outcome of patients. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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193
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Couto M, Santos P, Silva D, Delgado L, Moreira A. Exhaled breath temperature in elite swimmers: The effects of a training session in adolescents with or without asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2015; 26:564-70. [PMID: 26111200 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cooling of the airways and inflammation have been pointed as possible mechanisms for exercise-induced asthma (EIA). We aimed to investigate the effect of training and asthma on exhaled breath temperature (EBT) of elite swimmers. METHODS Elite swimmers annually screened (skin prick tests, spirometry before and after salbutamol inhalation, induced sputum cell counts, and methacholine bronchial challenge) at our department (n = 27) were invited to this prospective study. Swimmers who agreed to participate in the present study (n = 22, 10 with asthma) had axillary temperature and EBT measured (X-halo(®) ) before and after a swimming training session (aerobic/non-aerobic). Linear regression models were used to assess the effect of asthma and other possible explanatory variables (demographics, PD20 , baseline EBT, training intensity, axillary temperature, and the number of hours trained in that week) on EBT change. RESULTS EBT significantly increased after training independently of lung function, airway responsiveness, and inflammation in all swimmers (mean ± SD: 0.32 ± 0.57; p = 0.016). No differences were observed between asthmatic swimmers and others. A significant correlation was observed between baseline and post-exercise EBTs (r = 0.827, p < 0.001). Asthma was not a predictor of ΔEBT after adjusting for confounders; baseline EBT was the variable most strongly associated with ΔEBT, explaining by itself alone 46% of the outcome (r(2) = 0.464). CONCLUSION Although these are preliminary data, a relationship between airway's inflammation and respiratory heat loss during exercise could not be confirmed, suggesting that the increase in exhaled breath temperature is a physiologic rather than a pathological response to exercise.
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Pires da Silva I, Mouta J, Winckler P, Costa D, Netto E, Rosa Santos J, Magalhães M, Alexandre T, Sargento I, Ferreira M, Moreira A. 2818 The role of neck dissection (ND) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) followed by concomitant chemoradiation (CR) with cisplatin for patients with locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN). Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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195
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Ferreira A, Palha A, Correia L, Filipe P, Rodrigues V, Costa L, Miranda A, André R, Fernandes J, Gouveia J, Passos Coelho J, Moreira A, Brito M, Ribeiro J, Metzger-Filho O, Lin N, Vaz-Luíz I. 1965 Patterns of care and relative effectiveness of aromatase inhibitors compared to tamoxifen in patients with early breast cancer: A multi-institutional study. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30913-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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196
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Moreira A, Domingos F, Gaspar A. SUN-PP150: Nutrient Deficiency in Hemodialysis Patients even after Adjusting for Underreporters. Clin Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(15)30300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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197
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Rebelo Ferreira A, Palha A, Correia L, Filipe P, Rodrigues V, Costa L, Miranda A, André R, Fernandes J, Gouveia J, Passos Coelho J, Moreira A, Brito M, Ribeiro J, Metzger-Filho O, Lin N, Vaz-Luís I. 1961 Variation in the chemotherapy use patterns for patients with stage I breast cancer: A multi-institutional study. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30909-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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198
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Moreira A, Swischuk L, Malloy M, Mudd D, Blanco C, Geary C. Parathyroid hormone as a marker for metabolic bone disease of prematurity. J Perinatol 2015. [PMID: 26219702 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2015.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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199
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Silva D, Moreira A. The role of sports and exercise in allergic disease: drawbacks and benefits. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2015; 11:993-1003. [PMID: 26099040 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2015.1058158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Although training and exercise have several benefits, overdoing it might not necessarily be a good thing. For instance, elite athletes have an increased risk for asthma and allergy. Several mechanisms can be implicated for this risk, which include the interplay between environmental training factors and athlete's personal risk factors, such as genetic susceptibility, neurogenic-mediated inflammation, and epithelial sensitivity. However, an overwhelming amount of scientific evidence shows the positive effects of sports as part of a healthy lifestyle. Training reduces breathlessness and asthma symptoms and attenuates Th2-mediated inflammatory responses. Taken together, the benefits far outweigh the potential hazards of training. An easily administered therapeutic healthy lifestyle intervention, which could be used alongside current treatment, must be developed.
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Oliveira AC, Padrão P, Moreira A, Pinto M, Neto M, Santos T, Madureira J, Fernandes EDO, Graça P, Breda J, Moreira P. Potassium urinary excretion and dietary intake: a cross-sectional analysis in 8-10 year-old children. BMC Pediatr 2015; 15:60. [PMID: 25982707 PMCID: PMC4448853 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-015-0374-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data from studies assessing the intake of potassium, and the concomitant sodium-to-potassium ratio are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate potassium and sodium-to-potassium ratio intake in 8-10 year-old children. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was carried out from January to June 2014 and data from 163 children (81 boys) were included. Potassium intake was estimated by 24-h urine collection and coefficient of creatinine was used to validate completeness of urine collections. Urinary sodium and sodium-to-potassium ratio were also analysed. A 24-h dietary recall was used to provide information on dietary sources of potassium. Height and weight were measured according to international standards. RESULTS The mean urinary potassium excretion was 1701 ± 594 mg/day in boys, and 1682 ± 541 mg/day in girls (p = 0.835); 8.0% of children met the WHO recommendations for potassium intake. The mean sodium excretion was 2935 ± 1075 mg/day in boys and 2381 ± 1045 mg/day in girls (p <0.001) and urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio was 3.2 ± 1.4 in boys, and 2.5 ± 1.1 in girls (p = 0.002). The mean fruit and vegetable intake was 353.1 ± 232.5 g/day in boys, and 290.8 ± 213.1 g/day in girls (p = 0.101). CONCLUSIONS This study reported a low compliance of potassium intake recommendations in 8-10 year-old children. Health promotion interventions are needed in order to broaden public awareness of potassium inadequacy and to increase potassium intake.
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