351
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Massry SG, Arieff AI, Coburn JW, Palmieri G, Kleeman CR. Divalent ion metabolism in patients with acute renal failure: studies on the mechanism of hypocalcemia. Kidney Int 1974; 5:437-45. [PMID: 4421787 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1974.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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352
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Llach F, Weidmann P, Reinhart R, Maxwell MH, Coburn JW, Massry SG. Effect of acute and long-standing hypocalcemia on blood pressure and plasma renin activity in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1974; 38:841-7. [PMID: 4207368 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-38-5-841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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353
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Levi J, Massry SG, Coburn JW, Llach F, Kleeman CR. Hypocalcemia in magnesium-depleted dogs: evidence for reduced responsiveness to parathyroid hormone and relative failure of parathyroid gland function. Metabolism 1974; 23:323-35. [PMID: 4817361 DOI: 10.1016/0026-0495(74)90050-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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354
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Hartenbower DL, Friedler RM, Coburn JW, Massry SG, Sellers A. Spontaneous variations in electrolyte excretion in the awake dog. PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE. SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 1974; 145:648-53. [PMID: 4814159 DOI: 10.3181/00379727-145-37868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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355
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Brickman AS, Coburn JW, Massry SG, Norman AW. 1,25 Dihydroxy-vitamin D3 in normal man and patients with renal failure. Ann Intern Med 1974; 80:161-8. [PMID: 4359739 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-80-2-161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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356
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Kopple JD, Coburn JW. Evaluation of chronic uremia. Importance of serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and their ratio. JAMA 1974; 227:41-4. [PMID: 4859625 DOI: 10.1001/jama.227.1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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357
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Hartenbower DL, Coburn JW, Reddy CR, Norman AW. Calciferol metabolism and intestinal calcium transport in the chick with reduced renal function. THE JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE 1974; 83:38-45. [PMID: 4357619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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358
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Reddy CR, Coburn JW, Hartenbower DL, Friedler RM, Brickman AS, Massry SG, Jowsey J. Studies on mechanisms of hypocalcemia of magnesium depletion. J Clin Invest 1973; 52:3000-10. [PMID: 4750437 PMCID: PMC302574 DOI: 10.1172/jci107498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies were carried out to evaluate the mechanism of hypocalcemia in magnesium depletion. Day old chicks fed a magnesium deficient diet developed marked hypocalcemia, with a direct relation between serum calcium (y) and magnesium (x): y = 2.68 x + 4.24, r = 0.84 (both in mg/100 ml). Injections of parathyroid extract that increased serum calcium 2-3 mg/100 ml in normals had no effect in Mg-depleted birds. Very large dietary supplements of calcium or vitamin D(3) increased mean serum calcium only from 5.3 to 7.7 and 7.8 mg/100 ml, respectively, while a normal magnesium diet for 3 days increased calcium from 5.3 to 9.9 mg/100 ml despite absence of dietary calcium. Intestinal calcium transport, studied in vitro, and the calcium concentration of the carcass was significantly increased in magnesium-depleted chicks, making it unlikely that reduced intestinal absorption of calcium caused the hypocalcemia. In magnesium-deficient chicks, the bone content of magnesium was decreased by 74%, the calcium content was unchanged, and the cortical thickness of bone was markedly increased. After 3 days of magnesium-repletion, cortical thickness was reduced with increased endosteal resorption. There was an increase in unmineralized osteoid tissue in the magnesium-depleted chicks. Parathyroid gland size and histology did not differ in magnesium-depleted and control birds. The results suggest that hypocalcemia develops due to altered equilibrium of calcium between extracellular fluid and bone, favoring increased net movement into the latter. Failure of parathyroid gland function could also exist, and unresponsiveness to parathyroid hormone (PTH) may also contribute to the hypocalcemia. However, failure of PTH action is probably due to the presence of excess osteoid tissue rather than a primary event leading to hypocalcemia.
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359
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Kopple JD, Coburn JW. Metabolic studies of low protein diets in uremia. II. Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Medicine (Baltimore) 1973; 52:597-607. [PMID: 4748593 DOI: 10.1097/00005792-197311000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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360
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361
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Beleil OM, Coburn JW, Shinaberger JH, Glassock RJ. Recurrent glomerulonephritis due to anti-glomerular basement membrane-antibodies in two successive allografts. Clin Nephrol 1973; 1:377-80. [PMID: 4594999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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362
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Brickman AS, Coburn JW, Kurokawa K, Bethune JE, Harrison HE, Norman AW. Actions of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in patients with hypophosphatemic, vitamin-D-resistant rickets. N Engl J Med 1973; 289:495-8. [PMID: 4353218 DOI: 10.1056/nejm197309062891002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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363
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Coburn JW, Norman AW. Editorial: Role of the kidney in the metabolism of calciferol (vitamin D). Clin Nephrol 1973; 1:273-83. [PMID: 4358418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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364
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Coburn JW, Hartenbower DL, Massry SG. Intestinal absorption of calcium and the effect of renal insufficiency. Kidney Int 1973; 4:96-104. [PMID: 4275344 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1973.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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365
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Midgett RJ, Spielvogel AM, Coburn JW, Norman AW. Studies on calciferol metabolism. VII. The renal production of the biologically active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol; species, tissue and subcellular distribution. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1973; 36:1153-61. [PMID: 4350350 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-36-6-1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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366
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Massry SG, Friedler RM, Coburn JW. Excretion of phosphate and calcium. Physiology of their renal handling and relation to clinical medicine. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 1973; 131:828-59. [PMID: 4706773 DOI: 10.1001/archinte.131.6.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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367
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Weidmann P, Reinhart R, Maxwell MH, Rowe P, Coburn JW, Massry SG. Syndrome of hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism and hyperkalemia in renal disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1973; 36:965-77. [PMID: 4349050 DOI: 10.1210/jcem-36-5-965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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368
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Coburn JW, Koppel MH, Brickman AS, Massry SG. Study of intestinal absorption of calcium in patients with renal failure. Kidney Int 1973; 3:264-72. [PMID: 4600294 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1973.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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369
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Massry SG, Coburn JW, Lee DB, Jowsey J, Kleeman CR. Skeletal resistance to parathyroid hormone in renal failure. Studies in 105 human subjects. Ann Intern Med 1973; 78:357-64. [PMID: 4571863 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-78-3-357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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370
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Singer FR, Powell D, Minkin C, Bethune JE, Brickman A, Coburn JW. Hypercalcemia in reticulum cell sarcoma without hyperparathyroidism of skeletal metastases. Ann Intern Med 1973; 78:365-9. [PMID: 4571864 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-78-3-365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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371
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Brickman AS, Reddy CR, Coburn JW, Passaro EP, Jowsey J, Norman AW. Biologic action of 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 in the rachitic dog. Endocrinology 1973; 92:728-34. [PMID: 4349649 DOI: 10.1210/endo-92-3-728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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372
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Beliel OM, Singer FR, Coburn JW. Prostaglandins: effect on plasma calcium concentration. PROSTAGLANDINS 1973; 3:237-41. [PMID: 4729572 DOI: 10.1016/0090-6980(73)90092-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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373
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Mirahmadi KS, Coburn JW, Bluestone R. Calcific periarthritis and hemodialysis. JAMA 1973; 223:548-9. [PMID: 4739139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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374
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Barshay ME, Kaye JH, Goldman R, Coburn JW. Acute renal failure in diabetic patients after intravenous infusion pyelography. Clin Nephrol 1973; 1:35-9. [PMID: 4767353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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375
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Massry SG, Coburn JW. The hormonal and non-hormonal control of renal excretion of calcium and magnesium. Nephron Clin Pract 1973; 10:66-112. [PMID: 4575905 DOI: 10.1159/000180181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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376
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Brickman AS, Coburn JW, Norman AW. Action of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, a potent, kidney-produced metabolite of vitamin D3, in uremic man. N Engl J Med 1972; 287:891-5. [PMID: 4342432 DOI: 10.1056/nejm197211022871801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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377
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Weidmann P, Massry SG, Coburn JW, Maxwell MH, Atleson J, Kleeman CR. Blood pressure effects of acute hypercalcemia. Studies in patients with chronic renal failure. Ann Intern Med 1972; 76:741-5. [PMID: 5025324 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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378
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Wong RG, Norman AW, Reddy CR, Coburn JW. Biologic effects of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (a highly active vitamin D metabolite) in acutely uremic rats. J Clin Invest 1972; 51:1287-91. [PMID: 4341503 PMCID: PMC292260 DOI: 10.1172/jci106923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of a vitamin D-resistant state in the course of renal failure may be responsible for reduced intestinal absorption of calcium and an impaired response of skeletal tissue. Moreover, the kidney has been shown to carry out the conversion of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-CC) to a highly biologically active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25-diOH-CC). In the present studies, vitamin D-deficient rats, made acutely uremic by either bilateral nephrectomy or urethral ligation, received physiological doses of cholecalciferol (vitamin D(3)) (CC), 25-OH-CC or 1,25-diOH-CC; 24 hr later intestinal calcium transport, in vitro, and bone calcium mobilization, in vivo, were assessed. Whereas CC and 25-OH-CC stimulated calcium transport in sham-operated controls, they were without effect in the uremic animals. In contrast, administration of 1,25-diOH-CC stimulated calcium transport in both groups of uremic animals. Administration of 1,25-diOH-CC also stimulated calcium mobilization from bone in each group of animals. However, CC and 25-OH-CC were only effective in the sham controls and the uremic group produced by urethral ligation and had little or no effect in animals without kidneys. These results indicate that renal conversion of calciferol to a more biologically active form is necessary for the stimulation of intestinal calcium absorption and calcium mobilization from bone, and that 1,25-diOH-CC may bypass a possible defect in vitamin D metabolism in uremia. From these studies it is likely that uremia, per se, may also impair intestinal calcium transport.
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379
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Brickman AS, Massry SG, Coburn JW. changes in serum and urinary calcium during treatment with hydrochlorothiazide: studies on mechanisms. J Clin Invest 1972; 51:945-54. [PMID: 4552338 PMCID: PMC302208 DOI: 10.1172/jci106889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies were undertaken in man to evaluate the roles of volume depletion and of the parathyroid glands in mediating the changes in serum and urinary calcium which follow the administration of hydrochlorothiazide, 100 mg twice daily, for 4 days, 42 studies were carried out in 16 normal subjects, 9 patients with hyperparathyroidism, and 7 vitamin D-treated subjects with hypoparathyroidism. In six studies in normal subjects, daily sodium losses during thiazide administration were quantitatively replaced, and in six other studies the effect of equivalent sodium losses produced by furosemide was evaluated. Although the magnitude of sodium losses was similar in three groups during therapy with thiazides, urinary calcium fell and urinary phosphorus increased significantly only in normal subjects and those with hyperparathyroidism; no change occurred in patients with hypoparathyroidism. With the replacement of the thiazide-induced sodium losses by NaCl in normals, urinary calcium did not change as urinary sodium increased 4- to 5-fold. Furosemide administration produced similar sodium losses while urinary calcium remained at or above control levels. After correction for changes in plasma protein concentration caused by thiazide-induced hemoconcentration, mean levels of serum calcium were significantly increased only in subjects with hyperparathyroidism and vitamin D-treated patients with hypoparathyroidism. The results indicate that both depletion of extracellular fluid volume and the presence of the parathyroid glands are necessary for the decrease in urinary calcium in response to thiazide therapy. Both the reduction in urinary calcium and increase in urinary phosphate after the use of thiazides may be due, in part, to potentiation of the action of the parathyroid hormone on the nephron. The rise in serum calcium could be due to thiazide-induced release of calcium from bone into extracellular fluid, particularly in states where bone resorption may be augmented, i.e., vitamin D therapy or hyperparathyroidism.
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380
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Gordon HE, Coburn JW, Passaro E. Surgical management of secondary hyperparathyroidism. ARCHIVES OF SURGERY (CHICAGO, ILL. : 1960) 1972; 104:520-6. [PMID: 5013791 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.1972.04180040134023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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381
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Hartenbower DL, Coburn JW. A model of renal insufficiency in the chick. LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE 1972; 22:258-61. [PMID: 4337000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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382
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Massry SG, Coburn JW, Peacock M, Kleeman CR. Turnover of endogenous parathyroid hormone in uremic patients and those undergoing hemodialysis. TRANSACTIONS - AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR ARTIFICIAL INTERNAL ORGANS 1972; 18:416-22. [PMID: 4679896 DOI: 10.1097/00002480-197201000-00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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383
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Kleeman CR, Massry SG, Coburn JW. The clinical physiology of calcium homeostasis, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin. II. Calif Med 1971; 114:19-30. [PMID: 4927915 PMCID: PMC1501857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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384
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Kleeman CR, Massry SG, Coburn JW. The clinical physiology of calcium homeostasis, parathyroid hormone, and calcitonin. I. Calif Med 1971; 114:16-43. [PMID: 5544688 PMCID: PMC1501893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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385
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Massry SG, Coburn JW, Hartenbower DL, Shinaberger JH, DePalma JR, Chapman E, Kleeman CR. The effect of calcemic disorders and uremia on the mineral content of skin. ISRAEL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 1971; 7:514-7. [PMID: 5567541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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386
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Brickman AS, Coburn JW, Koppel MH, Peacock M, Massry SG. The effect of hydrochlorothiazide administration on serum and urinary calcium in normal, hypoparathyroid and hyperparathyroid subjects. Studies on mechanisms. ISRAEL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 1971; 7:518-9. [PMID: 5567543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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387
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Kleeman CR, Massry SG, Coburn JW. The clinical physiology of calcium homeostasis, parathyroid hormone an, and calcitonin. I. Calif Med 1971; 114:16-43. [PMID: 4927147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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388
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Coburn JW, Hartenbower DL, Massry SG. Modification of calciuretic effect of extracellular volume expansion by phosphate infusion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1971; 220:377-83. [PMID: 5540885 DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.220.2.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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389
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Brickman AS, Massry SG, Coburn JW. Calcium deprivation and renal handling of calcium during repeated saline infusions. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1971; 220:44-8. [PMID: 5538670 DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1971.220.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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390
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Hartenbower DL, Winston MA, Weiss ER, Coburn JW. The scintillation camera in embolic acute renal failure. J Urol 1970; 104:799-802. [PMID: 5499827 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)61839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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391
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Massry SG, Ahumada JJ, Coburn JW, Kleeman CR. Effect of MgCl2 infusion on urinary Ca and Na during reduction in their filtered loads. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY 1970; 219:881-5. [PMID: 5459487 DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1970.219.4.881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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392
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Massry SG, Coburn JW, Kleeman CR. Evidence for suppression of parathyroid gland activity by hypermagnesemia. J Clin Invest 1970; 49:1619-29. [PMID: 5449702 PMCID: PMC322645 DOI: 10.1172/jci106379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of hypermagnesemia, produced by MgCl(2) infusion, on the activity of parathyroid glands, as assessed by changes in levels of serum calcium (S(Ca)) and in the fraction of filtered phosphate excreted (C(P)/C(Cr)), was studied in 11 intact and 4 thyroparathyroidectomized (T-PTX) dogs. To exclude the effect of diurnal variation in C(P)/C(Cr) on the results, studies were initiated in both morning and afternoon hours and each study with MgCl(2) infusion was paired with a control experiment in the same dog not receiving MgCl(2). During MgCl(2) infusion, serum phosphorus rose progressively. Despite this rise, the levels of C(P)/C(Cr) fell in all experiments and were significantly different from values observed at the same time of the day in the paired control experiments. The concentrations of total S(Ca) fell by 1.0-2.4 mg/100 ml with a proportional decrease in the levels of the diffusible and ionized fractions. The pattern of the fall in C(P)/C(Cr) during MgCl(2) resembled that observed after CaCl(2) infusion (seven dogs) and that which acutely followed thyroparathyroidectomy (seven dogs). When parathyroid extract was given to dogs receiving MgCl(2) infusion both C(P)/C(Cr) and S(Ca) rose, and MgCl(2) infusion did not affect C(P)/C(Cr) and S(Ca) in T-PTX dogs. These results indicate that hypermagnesemia suppresses the activity of the parathyroid glands, probably, by inhibiting production and (or) release of the hormone, without interfering with end-organ response. An increase in serum magnesium of 1.7-2.0 mg/100 ml was capable of producing the suppressive effect. Evaluation of the effect of simultaneous modest hypocalcemia and hypermagnesemia suggests that a decrease in the level of serum calcium is more potent than an increase in the concentration of serum magnesium in the regulation of parathyroid activity.
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393
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Massry SG, Gordon A, Coburn JW, Kaplan L, Franklin SS, Maxwell MH, Kleeman CR. Vascular calcification and peripheral necrosis in a renal transplant recipient. Reversal of lesions following subtotal parathyroidectomy. Am J Med 1970; 49:416-22. [PMID: 4917077 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(70)80034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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394
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Massry SG, Coburn JW. Comments on the mechanisms of disordered divalent ion metabolism in renal failure. A possible role of magnesium depletion. Am J Clin Nutr 1970; 23:1005-8. [PMID: 5504954 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/23.8.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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395
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Coburn JW, Massry SG. Changes in serum and urinary calcium during phosphate depletion: studies on mechanisms. J Clin Invest 1970; 49:1073-87. [PMID: 5422013 PMCID: PMC322575 DOI: 10.1172/jci106323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The changes in serum calcium and the renal handling of this ion were evaluated during phosphate depletion. 96 renal clearance studies were carried out in 10 dogs before and after prolonged phosphate depletion (30-160 days) and after repletion. Depletion was produced by reducing phosphate intake and administering aluminum hydroxide gel while intakes of sodium, calcium, and magnesium were constant. With phosphate depletion, serum phosphorus fell to less than 1.0 mg/100 ml and diffusible serum calcium either remained unchanged or rose transiently. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) fell by 15 to 53%. Despite the reduced filtered load of calcium, its fractional excretion increased in most experiments. This hypercalciuria was not dependent upon changes in sodium or magnesium excretion, or the urinary concentration of complexing anions, and persisted after sodium restriction. Phosphate repletion reversed the effects on GFR and calcium excretion. The intravenous infusion of small quantities of phosphate (0.04 mmole/min) into either intact or thyroparathyroidectomized (T-PTX), phosphate-depleted animals caused a significant reduction in fractional excretion of calcium, but the intrarenal infusion of 0.02 mmole/min of phosphate into one kidney failed to produce an ipsilateral effect. The administration of parathyroid extract reduced fractional calcium excretion, but the latter remained significantly elevated. After T-PTX, fractional calcium excretion did not increase in the phosphate-depleted animals. Furthermore, serum calcium was normal after T-PTX until serum phosphorus increased slightly, and only then did hypocalcemia develop. These observations indicate that (a) phosphate depletion produces hypercalciuria through a reduction in tubular reabsorption of calcium which is not due to changes in the tubular reabsorption of other ions; this effect is not reversed by the direct intrarenal infusion of phosphate; (b) a state of functional hypoparathyroidsm occurs during phosphate depletion which may, in part, cause reduced tubular reabsorption of calcium; (c) other extra renal mechanism(s), possibly related to events occurring in bone as a result of phosphate depletion, may have an effect on urinary calcium excretion; and (d) in the phosphatedepleted state, parathyroid hormone is not required for the maintenance of a normal level of serum calcium.
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Koppel MH, Massry SG, Shinaberger JH, Hartenbower DL, Coburn JW. Thiazide-induced rise in serum calcium and magnesium in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Ann Intern Med 1970; 72:895-901. [PMID: 5448748 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-72-6-895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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397
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Kleeman CR, Massry SG, Coburn JW, Popovtzer MM. Calcium and phosphorus metabolism and bone disease in uremia. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1970; 68:210-37. [PMID: 4905786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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398
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Popovtzer MM, Massry SG, Coburn JW, Koppel MH, Drinkard JJ, Kleeman CR. Calcium infusion test in renal failure. Nephron Clin Pract 1970; 7:400-12. [PMID: 5501299 DOI: 10.1159/000179841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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399
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Coburn JW, Massry SG, Kleeman CR. The effect of calcium infusion on renal handling of magnesium with normal and reduced glomerular filtration rate. Nephron Clin Pract 1970; 7:131-43. [PMID: 5438900 DOI: 10.1159/000179815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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400
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Coburn JW, Massry SG, DePalma JR, Shinaberger JH. Rapid appearance of hypercalcemia with initiation of hemodialysis. JAMA 1969; 210:2276-8. [PMID: 5395424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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