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Kwapnoski Z, Clarey D, Ma J, Schmidt CM, Wysong A. Cutaneous Angiosarcoma Subtypes: A Quantitative Systematic Review of Demographics, Treatments, and Outcomes Within Published Patient-Level Cases. Dermatol Surg 2024; 50:620-626. [PMID: 38530994 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000004174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) is a highly aggressive malignancy arising from the vascular endothelium. Given its rarity, there is insufficient data detailing patient demographics, management, and survival outcomes. OBJECTIVE To systematically compile published patient-level cases of cAS and to quantify and analyze data on demographics, management, and outcomes while determining prognostic indicators. MATERIALS AND METHODS Searches of EBSCOhost, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library generated 1,500 cases of cAS with individual level data available. PRISMA guidelines were followed. RESULTS Cutaneous angiosarcoma presented most often on the scalp of elderly men. Metastasis occurred in 36.3% of cases. Aggregate 5-year survival was 31.6% with the median survival of 25 months. The best 5-year survival was in the radiation-associated subtype (48.8%), whereas the worst was in the Stewart-Treves subtype (21.6%). Using multivariate analysis, gender, age group, disease subtype, treatment modality, and metastasis at presentation had significant effects on survival outcomes ( p < .05). CONCLUSION The breadth of information obtained enables this study to serve as a resource that clinicians may reference when they encounter cAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Kwapnoski
- Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA
| | - Dillon Clarey
- Department of Dermatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Jihyun Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Cynthia M Schmidt
- University of Nebraska, Medical Center, Leon S. McGoogan Health Sciences Library, Omaha, NE
| | - Ashley Wysong
- Department of Dermatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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2
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Hayes AJ, Nixon IF, Strauss DC, Seddon BM, Desai A, Benson C, Judson IR, Dangoor A. UK guidelines for the management of soft tissue sarcomas. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02674-y. [PMID: 38734790 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare tumours arising in mesenchymal tissues and can occur almost anywhere in the body. Their rarity, and the heterogeneity of subtype and location, means that developing evidence-based guidelines is complicated by the limitations of the data available. This makes it more important that STS are managed by expert multidisciplinary teams, to ensure consistent and optimal treatment, recruitment to clinical trials, and the ongoing accumulation of further data and knowledge. The development of appropriate guidance, by an experienced panel referring to the evidence available, is therefore a useful foundation on which to build progress in the field. These guidelines are an update of the previous versions published in 2010 and 2016 [1, 2]. The original guidelines were drawn up by a panel of UK sarcoma specialists convened under the auspices of the British Sarcoma Group (BSG) and were intended to provide a framework for the multidisciplinary care of patients with soft tissue sarcomas. This iteration of the guidance, as well as updating the general multidisciplinary management of soft tissue sarcoma, includes specific sections relating to the management of sarcomas at defined anatomical sites: gynaecological sarcomas, retroperitoneal sarcomas, breast sarcomas, and skin sarcomas. These are generally managed collaboratively by site specific multidisciplinary teams linked to the regional sarcoma specialist team, as stipulated in the recently published sarcoma service specification [3]. In the UK, any patient with a suspected soft tissue sarcoma should be referred to a specialist regional soft tissues sarcoma service, to be managed by a specialist sarcoma multidisciplinary team. Once the diagnosis has been confirmed using appropriate imaging and a tissue biopsy, the main modality of management is usually surgical excision performed by a specialist surgeon, combined with pre- or post-operative radiotherapy for tumours at higher risk for local recurrence. Systemic anti-cancer therapy (SACT) may be utilised in cases where the histological subtype is considered more sensitive to systemic treatment. Regular follow-up is recommended to assess local control, development of metastatic disease, and any late effects of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hayes
- The Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK.
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK.
| | - Ioanna F Nixon
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Center, Glasgow, G12 0YN, UK
| | - Dirk C Strauss
- The Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Beatrice M Seddon
- Department of Medical Oncology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, NW1 2BU, UK
| | - Anant Desai
- The Midlands Abdominal and Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, B15 2WB, UK
| | - Charlotte Benson
- The Sarcoma Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW3 6JJ, UK
| | - Ian R Judson
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Adam Dangoor
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospitals Bristol & Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, BS1 3NU, UK
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3
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Garimella V, Anand N, Campbell EH, Baum CL, Alavi A. Lower Extremity Angiosarcoma: A Life-Threatening Complication of Lymphedema. Adv Skin Wound Care 2024; 37:268-270. [PMID: 38648240 DOI: 10.1097/asw.0000000000000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT When angiosarcoma, a rare and aggressive tumor of the soft tissue, develops in the setting of chronic lymphedema, it is referred to as Stewart-Treves syndrome. It is usually seen in chronic lymphedema of the upper limbs postmastectomy. Angiosarcoma developing in the lower limb in the setting of chronic lymphedema is rare and has a poor outcome. The presentation of angiosarcoma can vary, ranging from a bleeding papule to a plaque or a subcutaneous mass, which can later progress to ulceration or necrosis. Treatment for Stewart-Treves syndrome is aggressive because of its poor prognosis and usually requires a multidisciplinary approach of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Several theories have been put forth to explain the mechanism of Stewart-Treves syndrome, but it remains ambiguous. The current literature regarding angiosarcoma developing in the setting of chronic lymphedema in the lower limb is limited to single case reports. Herein, the authors report a series of six cases of biopsy-proven angiosarcoma in the setting of lower extremity lymphedema. Providers should include angiosarcoma in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative or vascular tumors arising in the context of lower extremity lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Garimella
- At Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA, Vishal Garimella, MBBS, and Nimay Anand, BA, are Visiting Research Fellows; Elliott H. Campbell, MD, is Dermatology Resident Physician; and Christian L. Baum, MD, and Afsaneh Alavi, MD, are Professors of Dermatology. Acknowledgments: Afsaneh Alavi is on the Board of Directors for the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation and served as a consultant for AbbVie, Almirall, Boehringer Ingelheim, InflaRx, Incyte, Kymera, Novartis, and UCB and investigator for Boehringer Ingelheim, and Processa. The authors have disclosed no other financial relationships related to this article. Submitted January 10, 2023; accepted in revised form June 16, 2023
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4
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Vannas C, Escobar M, Österlund T, Andersson D, Mouhanna P, Soomägi A, Molin C, Wennergren D, Fagman H, Ståhlberg A. Treatment Monitoring of a Patient with Synchronous Metastatic Angiosarcoma and Breast Cancer Using ctDNA. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4023. [PMID: 38612833 PMCID: PMC11012383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive type of soft-tissue sarcoma with high propensity to metastasize. For patients with metastatic angiosarcoma, prognosis is dismal and treatment options are limited. To improve the outcomes, identifying patients with poor treatment response at an earlier stage is imperative, enabling alternative therapy. Consequently, there is a need for improved methods and biomarkers for treatment monitoring. Quantification of circulating tumor-DNA (ctDNA) is a promising approach for patient-specific monitoring of treatment response. In this case report, we demonstrate that quantification of ctDNA using SiMSen-Seq was successfully utilized to monitor a patient with metastatic angiosarcoma. By quantifying ctDNA levels using 25 patient-specific mutations in blood plasma throughout surgery and palliative chemotherapy, we predicted the outcome and monitored the clinical response to treatment. This was accomplished despite the additional complexity of the patient having a synchronous breast cancer. The levels of ctDNA showed a superior correlation to the clinical outcome compared with the radiological evaluations. Our data propose a promising approach for personalized biomarker analysis to monitor treatment in angiosarcomas, with potential applicability to other cancers and for patients with synchronous malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Vannas
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Mandy Escobar
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
| | - Tobias Österlund
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Andersson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
| | - Pia Mouhanna
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Oncology, Ryhov County Hospital, 55185 Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Amanda Soomägi
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
| | - Claes Molin
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - David Wennergren
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
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5
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Nuwayhid R, Langer S, Schulz T. [Stewart-Treves Syndrome as a Rare, but Fatal Complication of Peripheral Lymphedema]. HANDCHIR MIKROCHIR P 2024; 56:180-183. [PMID: 37315572 DOI: 10.1055/a-2084-0823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rima Nuwayhid
- Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Langer
- Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Torsten Schulz
- Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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6
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Wagner MJ, Ravi V, Schaub SK, Kim EY, Sharib J, Mogal H, Park M, Tsai M, Duarte-Bateman D, Tufaro A, Loggers ET, Cranmer LD, Chau B, Hassett MJ, Grilley-Olson J, Paulson KG. Incidence and Presenting Characteristics of Angiosarcoma in the US, 2001-2020. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e246235. [PMID: 38607625 PMCID: PMC11015348 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.6235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Angiosarcoma is an aggressive vascular malignant neoplasm presenting either as a primary or secondary cancer, often arising after radiotherapy or in the context of preexisting lymphedema. Comprehensive data describing its incidence and presentation patterns are needed. Objective To describe the incidence, presenting characteristics, and change over time of angiosarcoma in the US. Design, Setting, and Participants This retrospective cross-sectional study used data from the US Cancer Statistics (USCS) National Program of Cancer Registries-Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Combined Database, which captures more than 99% of newly diagnosed cancers in the US. The study included all 19 289 patients in the US with a new diagnosis of angiosarcoma between 2001 and 2020 captured in the USCS database. Statistical analysis was performed from June to September 2023. Main Outcomes and Measures Incidence of angiosarcoma, demographics of patients with angiosarcoma, and extent of disease at presentation. Results The study included 19 289 patients (median age, 71 years [IQR, 59-80 years]; 10 506 women [54.5%]) with a new diagnosis of angiosarcoma. The US incidence of angiosarcoma doubled between 2001 (657 cases) and 2019 (1312 cases), reflecting both an increase in the adjusted incidence rate of 1.6% per year (P = .001), to 3.3 cases per 1 000 000 person-years (95% CI, 3.1-3.5 cases per 1 000 000 person-years), and an increase in the population at risk. In 2020, the reported incidence rate (3.0 cases per 1 000 000 person-years) and cases of angiosarcoma (n = 1159) were modestly lower than in 2019. Overall, 72.3% of cases of angiosarcoma (n = 13 955) were cutaneous, subcutaneous, or breast angiosarcomas; 24.4% were visceral (n = 4701); and 3.3% were located in unknown or rare primary sites (n = 633). Secondary breast and chest wall angiosarcomas among women represented the largest contribution to increasing incidence. Among breast angiosarcomas, 99.2% (2684 of 2705) were in women and 71.9% (1944 of 2705) were secondary. A total of 80.4% of chest wall or thorax cases among women (1861 of 2316) were secondary vs 26.5% among men (112 of 422), and 63.9% of upper extremity cases among women (205 of 321) were secondary vs 26.8% (56 of 209) among men (P = .001). Rates of secondary angiosarcoma in the abdomen and lower extremities were similar between men and women. The incidence rate of visceral angiosarcoma was also found to be increasing (1.5% per year; P = .001). Conclusions and Relevance This cross-sectional study describes angiosarcoma presentation patterns and incidence rates in the US over a 20-year period and shows that the number of cases in men and women increased, with the greatest increase among women with secondary angiosarcoma of the chest, breast, and upper extremity. These data increase awareness of a rare but highly morbid disease and highlight the need for improved early detection of angiosarcoma among patients at high risk, such as women with a history of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Wagner
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vinod Ravi
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | - Ed Y. Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Jeremy Sharib
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Harveshp Mogal
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Min Park
- Department of Medical Oncology, Providence-Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michaela Tsai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Providence-Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Anthony Tufaro
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Elizabeth T. Loggers
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Lee D. Cranmer
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Bonny Chau
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Michael J. Hassett
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Kelly G. Paulson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Providence-Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, Washington
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7
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Kusajima EG, Yamamoto Y, Ishikawa K, Miura T, Funayama E, Osawa M, Takagi R, Maeda T. Sentinel node restoration by vascularized lymph node transfer in mice. Microsurgery 2024; 44:e30981. [PMID: 36321604 DOI: 10.1002/micr.30981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports have indicated that vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) may improve the impaired immunity in lymphedema but there has been no report concerning anti-cancer immunity. In the early tumor immune response, dendritic cells (DCs) participate in tumor recognition and antigen presentation in local lymphatics. Here, we investigated the impact of VLNT on DC dynamics against cancer in mouse models. METHODS Forty-seven 8-week-old C57BL/6 N male mice were divided into three surgical groups: a VLNT model in which a vascularized inguinal lymph node (LN) flap was transferred into the ipsilateral fossa after a popliteal LN was removed; a LN dissection (LND) model in which the popliteal LN was dissected; and a control model in which a skin incision was made at the popliteal fossa and an ipsilateral inguinal LN was removed. Postoperative lymphatic flows were observed by indocyanine green lymphography and B16-F10-luc2 mouse melanoma were implanted into the ipsilateral footpad. The proportion of DCs in the transplanted nodes was measured by CD11c immunohistochemistry using digital imaging analysis 4 days after cancer implantation. Metastases to the lungs and LNs were quantitatively evaluated by luciferase assay 4 weeks after cancer implantation. RESULTS After VLNT, lymphatic reconnection was observed in 59.2% of mice. The proportion of DCs was significantly higher in the VLNT group with lymphatic reconnection (8.6% ± 1.0%) than in the naïve LN (4.3% ± 0.4%) (p < .001). The tumor burden of lung metastases was significantly less in the VLNT group with lymphatic reconnection compared with the LND group (p = .049). CONCLUSIONS Metastasis decreased in mice with reconnected lymphatics after VLNT. A possible explanation was that lymphatic restoration may have contributed to the tumor immune response by allowing DC migration to LNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika G Kusajima
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuhei Yamamoto
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Ishikawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Miura
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Emi Funayama
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Osawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryo Takagi
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taku Maeda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Heishima K, Aketa N, Heishima M, Kawachi A. Hemangiosarcoma in dogs as a potential non-rodent animal model for drug discovery research of angiosarcoma in humans. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1250766. [PMID: 38130992 PMCID: PMC10733437 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1250766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the domestication of dogs 10,000 years ago, they have shared their living environment with humans and have co-evolved. The breeding process that dogs have undergone in only a few centuries has led to a significant accumulation of specific genetic alterations that could induce particular diseases in certain breeds. These canine diseases are similar to what is found in humans with several differences; therefore, comparing such diseases occurring in humans and dogs can help discover novel disease mechanisms, pathways, and causal genetic factors. Human angiosarcoma (AS) and canine hemangiosarcoma (HSA), which are sarcomas originating from endothelium, are examples of diseases shared between humans and dogs. They exhibit similar characteristics and clinical behaviors, although with some critical differences resulting from evolution. In this review, we will describe the similarities and differences in terms of clinical and molecular characteristics between human AS and canine HSA, and discuss how these similarities and differences can be applied to advance the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Heishima
- Institute for Advanced Study (GUiAS), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Naohiko Aketa
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Asuka Kawachi
- Division of Cancer RNA Research, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Olander S, Wennstig AK, Garmo H, Holmberg L, Nilsson G, Blomqvist C, Karlsson F, Wickberg Å, Wärnberg F, Sund M, Wadsten C. Angiosarcoma in the breast: a population-based cohort from Sweden. Br J Surg 2023; 110:1850-1856. [PMID: 37708086 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znad290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast angiosarcoma is a rare disease mostly observed in breast cancer (BC) patients who have previously received radiotherapy (RT). Little is known about angiosarcoma aetiology, management, and outcome. The study aim was to estimate risk and to characterize breast angiosarcoma in a Swedish population-based cohort. METHODS The Swedish Cancer Registry was searched for breast angiosarcoma between 1992 and 2018 in three Swedish healthcare regions (population 5.5 million). Information on previous BC, RT, management, and outcome were retrieved from medical records. RESULTS Overall, 49 angiosarcomas located in the breast, chest wall, or axilla were identified, 8 primary and 41 secondary to BC treatment. Median age was 51 and 73 years, respectively. The minimum latency period of secondary angiosarcoma after a BC diagnosis was 4 years (range 4-21 years). The cumulative incidence of angiosarcoma after breast RT increased continuously, reaching 1.4‰ after 20 years. Among 44 women with angiosarcoma treated by surgery, 29 developed subsequent local recurrence. Median recurrence-free survival was 3.4 and 1.8 years for primary and secondary angiosarcoma, respectively. The 5-year overall survival probability for the whole cohort was 50 per cent (95 per cent c.i., 21 per cent-100 per cent) for primary breast angiosarcoma and 35 per cent (95 per cent c.i., 23 per cent-54 per cent) for secondary angiosarcoma. CONCLUSION Breast angiosarcoma is a rare disease strongly associated with a history of previous BC RT. Overall survival is poor with high rates of local recurrences and distant metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna-Karin Wennstig
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Sundsvall Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - Hans Garmo
- Regional Cancer Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Holmberg
- Regional Cancer Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Translational Oncology & Urology Research (TOUR), School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Greger Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Section of Experimental and Clinical Oncology, Uppsala University, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Gävle Hospital, Gävle, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Visby Hospital, Visby, Sweden
| | - Carl Blomqvist
- Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Oncology, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Karlsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast, Endocrine Tumours and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Wickberg
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Wärnberg
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin Sund
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Wadsten
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Sundsvall Hospital, Sundsvall, Sweden
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Lin YS, Kuan CH, Lo C, Tsai LW, Wu CH, Huang CH, Yeong EK, Tai HC, Huang CS. Is Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction on Breast Cancer Patients Oncologically Safe? A Preliminary Study. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2023; 11:e5385. [PMID: 37941816 PMCID: PMC10629743 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Background In breast cancer patients receiving axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), immediate lymphatic reconstruction (ILR) with lymphovenous anastomosis is an emerging technique for reducing the risk of arm lymphedema. However, the oncologic safety of surgically diverting lymphatic ducts directly into venules in a node-positive axilla is still a concern of inadvertently inducing metastasis of remaining cancer cells. This study aimed to assess the oncologic safety of ILR. Methods From January 2020 to January 2022, 95 breast cancer patients received ALND, and 45 of them also received ILR. Patients with recurrent cancer, with follow-up less than 12 months, and with missed data were excluded. Variables were compared between ILR and non-ILR groups, and the outcome of interest was the rate of distant recurrence after follow-up for at least 1 year. Results Thirty-four patients in the ILR group and 32 patients in the non-ILR group fulfilled the inclusion criteria for analysis. No statistically significant difference was noted between groups in terms of age, body mass index, type of breast surgery, pathologic cancer staging, histologic type and grade of breast cancer, molecular subtypes, frequency of axillary lymph node metastasis, or adjuvant therapy. For the patients receiving follow-up for at least 1 year, no statistically significant difference was found in terms of distant recurrence rates between ILR and non-ILR groups (P = 0.44). Conclusion For breast cancer patients receiving ALND, ILR with lymphovenous anastomosis is oncologically safe, within an average follow-up period of 21 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Sheng Lin
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsiang Kuan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao Lo
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Tsai
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Wu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Huei Huang
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eng-Kean Yeong
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chih Tai
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Sheng Huang
- From the Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Kim WJ, Kim HK. Current understanding of angiosarcoma: disease biology and evolving treatment. Arch Craniofac Surg 2023; 24:203-210. [PMID: 37919906 PMCID: PMC10622948 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2023.00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcoma is a very rare soft tissue sarcoma that originates from endothelial cells and typically has a poor prognosis. It is most commonly found in elderly white men and can occur anywhere in the body, particularly in the head, neck, and scalp. Patients who have undergone previous radiation treatment or who have chronic lymphedema also face an elevated risk of this condition. Various genetic changes are suspected to contribute to the development of angiosarcoma, and these changes have been identified as potential targets for treatment. For localized disease, wide surgical resection is often the prudent course of action. A multidisciplinary approach, which may include surgery, radiotherapy, systemic chemotherapy, or immunotherapy, is typically the most effective way to achieve favorable outcomes. In this review, we discuss the general understanding of angiosarcoma and its management, with a particular focus on the current evolving treatments for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Ju Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Han Koo Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Dhabhar JB, Mehta V. Recurrent metastatic angiosarcoma presenting as Kasabach-Merritt syndrome. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e255134. [PMID: 37500188 PMCID: PMC10387657 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-255134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcoma is an incredibly rare type of malignancy, accounting for only 1%-2% of all soft-tissue sarcomas globally. It is clinically, pathologically and radiologically difficult to diagnose angiosarcoma owing to its varied presentation with little or no well-defined imaging findings.Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is also a lesser-heard entity which carries extremely poor prognosis. It is primarily seen in infants with vascular malformations and in kaposiform haemangioendothelioma. It is a condition of consumptive coagulopathy and only few of the cases have been reported so far in the adults with a background of angiosarcoma.This report presents the case of a male in his 70s who was diagnosed with metastatic angiosarcoma and experienced a complicated disease course due to Kasabach-Merritt syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyhan Boman Dhabhar
- Medical Oncology, PD Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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13
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Di Prazza A, Dominguez LJ, Badalamenti G, Barbagallo M. Stewart-Treves syndrome: a case report of lymphedema-related angiosarcoma. GERIATRIC CARE 2023. [DOI: 10.4081/gc.2022.11065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stewart-Treves syndrome (STS) is an angiosarcoma associated with lymphedema deriving more often from radical mastectomy and longstanding lymphedema, first described in 1948. Irradiation is also commonly associated with chronic lymphedema of extremities. It generally occurs about 10 years after the mastectomy and/or radiotherapy. The prognosis is very poor with a mean survival of 20 months from the diagnosis especially when radical surgery is not possible. We present the case of STS in an 89-year-old female who underwent left upper outer quadrantectomy for invasive ductal carcinoma in 2009 followed by axillary lymphadenectomy, radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy until 2014. She presented swollen upper left limb associated with hemorrhagic red papular lesions. Skin biopsy revealed the presence of lymphedema-associated angiosarcoma. Radical surgery was not possible, so she underwent conservative therapy with pazopanib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with benefit. Long-term follow-up of these patients is crucial to intercept this condition at an early stage.
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14
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Hao K, Sun Y, Zhu Y, Xin J, Zhang L, Li B, Shen W. A retrospective analysis of Stewart-Treves syndrome in the context of chronic lymphedema. An Bras Dermatol 2023; 98:287-295. [PMID: 36746732 PMCID: PMC10173066 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND stewart-treves syndrome (STS) is an angiosarcoma associated with chronic lymphedema. OBJECTIVES This article analyses the characteristics of twenty-two patients and proposes active intervention in lymphedema and the early diagnosis of STS. METHODS Twenty-two patients with STS were diagnosed at the centre over an 11-year period. Clinical manifestations, a series of conventional analyses, and histopathology were used to study these cases retrospectively. RESULTS The age range of 22 patients with STS was 15 to 78 years. The main clinical manifestations included multiple skin and subcutaneous nodules and scattered red or purplish-red rashes in the lymphoedematous limbs. These patients often showed clinical symptoms such as lymphedema, weakness, emaciation, pain, mass, lymphadenopathy and so on. The positive rates of ultrasonography, MRI and radionuclide imaging were 66.7% (6/9), 92.3% (12/13) and 18.2% (2/11), respectively. The main points regarding active intervention in lymphedema and early diagnosis of STS were summarized. STUDY LIMITATIONS Since this was a retrospective study, the main points summarized by the author need to be further quantified in clinical work to guide the diagnosis of this kind of disease more conveniently. In addition, further clinical trials are needed to evaluate the role of lymphedema in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. CONCLUSIONS STS can appear in lymphoedematous tissue many years after lymphedema onset. To avoid delays in the diagnosis and therapy of STS, physicians should actively look for signs or symptoms of malignant lymphedema during the follow-up period and promptly manage patients developing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Hao
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuguang Sun
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Xin
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of MR, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenbin Shen
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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15
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The Role of Imaging in the Diagnosis of Primary and Secondary Breast Angiosarcoma: Twenty-Five-Year Experience of a Provincial Cancer Institution. Clin Breast Cancer 2023; 23:e45-e53. [PMID: 36575102 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast angiosarcoma may arise spontaneously (primary breast angiosarcoma (PBA)) or may arise secondary to a biological insult, such as radiation therapy (secondary breast angiosarcoma (SBA)). We evaluated the imaging findings of patients diagnosed with PBA and SBA within the province of British Columbia, Canada. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a multi-center, retrospective study of patients diagnosed with PBA and SBA over a 25-year period. Patients were identified via a provincial database which registers all cases of sarcoma. Patients diagnosed with histologically proven PBA and SBA were eligible for inclusion. Multimodal breast imaging reviewed included mammography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography. RESULTS Thirteen patients were diagnosed with PBA and 22 patients were diagnosed with SBA. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) age of patients diagnosed with PBA (45.5 years (19.7 years)) was less than that of patients diagnosed with SBA (75.8 years (13.8 years), P < .001). Patients diagnosed with PBA (90.9%) were more likely to present with a parenchymal mass clinically and radiographically than those with SBA (28.6%, P < .002). Patients diagnosed with SBA (71.4%) were more likely to present with cutaneous findings than patients diagnosed with PBA (0.0%, P < .05). Without specific clinical context, the imaging findings of PBA and SBA were observed to be non-specific. CONCLUSION This is the only study which evaluated the imaging findings of patients diagnosed with PBA and SBA within a large, defined geographical area. Given non-specific imaging findings, awareness of the disease and clear and timely communication between radiologists and clinicians is required to ensure appropriate diagnosis and management.
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16
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Li B, Li J, Hao K, Jin Y, Ma J, Du X. Magnetic resonance findings of Stewart-Treves Syndrome in primary limb lymphedema compared with pathology: A retrospective single-center study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:953524. [PMID: 36874095 PMCID: PMC9976609 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.953524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stewart-Treves Syndrome in Primary Limb Lymphedema (STS-PLE) is an extremely rare malignant tumor. A retrospective analysis was conducted to elucidate the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and signs compared to pathology. Methods Seven patients with STS-PLE were enrolled at Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June 2008 to March 2022. All cases were examined by MRI. The surgical specimens were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical staining for CD31, CD34, D2-40, and Ki-67. Results There were two different types of MRI findings. One was mass shape (STS-PLE I type) in three male patients, and the other was the "trash ice" d sign (STS-PLE II type) observed in four female patients. The average duration of lymphedema (DL) of STS-PLE I type (18 months) was shorter than that of STS-PLE II type (31 months). The prognosis for the STS-PLE I type was worse than that for the STS-PLE II type. Regarding overall survival (OS), the STS-PLE I type (17.3 months) was three times shorter than that of the STS-PLE II type (54.5 months). For STS-PLE I type, the older the STS-PLE onset, the shorter the OS. However, there was no significant correlation in STS-PLE II type. MRI was compared to histological results to provide an explanation for the differences in MR signal changes, especially on T2WI. Against a background of dense tumor cells, the richer the lumen of immature vessels and clefts, the higher the T2WI MRI signal (taking muscle signal as the internal reference standard) and the worse the prognosis, and vice versa. We also found that younger patients with a lower Ki-67 index (<16%) had better OS, especially for the STS-PLE I type. Those with stronger positive expression of CD31 or CD34 had shorter OS. However, the expression of D2-40 was positive in nearly all cases, and seemed not to be associated with prognosis. Conclusions In lymphedema, the richer the lumen of immature vessels and clefts based on dense tumor cells, the higher the T2WI signal on the MRI. In adolescent patients, the tumor often showed a "trash ice" sign (STS-PLE II-type) and prognosis was better than for the STS-PLE I type. While in middle-aged and older patients, tumors showed a mass shape (STS-PLE I type). The expression of immunohistochemical indicators (CD31, CD34, and KI-67) correlated with clinical prognosis, especially decreased Ki-67 expression. In this study, we determined it was possible to predict prognosis comparing MRI findings with pathological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of MRI, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiyuan Li
- Department of MRI, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Hao
- Department of Lymphatic Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfang Jin
- Department of MRI, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiology, Chuiyangliu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Du
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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17
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Reijers SJM, Huis In 't Veld EA, Grünhagen DJ, Smith MJF, van Ginhoven TM, van Coevorden F, van der Graaf WTA, Schrage Y, Strauss DC, Haas RLM, Verhoef CJ, Hayes AJ, van Houdt WJ. Prognosis of Patients with Cutaneous Angiosarcoma After Surgical Resection with Curative Intent: Is There a Difference Between the Subtypes? Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:493-502. [PMID: 36209324 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of cutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) may be idiopathic (I-cAS), or arise secondary to radiotherapy (RT-cAS), in chronic lymphedema (ST-cAS), or related to UV exposure (UV-cAS). The aim of this study was to evaluate oncological outcomes of different cAS subtypes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Non-metastatic cAS patients, treated with surgery for primary disease with curative intent, were retrospectively analyzed for oncological outcome, including local recurrence (LR), distant metastases (DM), and overall survival (OS). RESULTS A total of 234 patients were identified; 60 I-cAS, 122 RT-cAS, 9 ST-cAS, and 43 UV-cAS. The majority was female (78%), the median age was 66 years (IQR 57-76 years), the median tumor size was 4.4 cm (IQR 2.5-7.0 cm), and most common site of disease was the breast (59%). Recurrence was identified in 66% (44% LR and/or 41% DM), with a median follow up of 26.5 months (IQR 12-60 months). The 5-year OS was estimated at 50%, LRFS at 47%, and DMFS at 50%. There was no significant difference in LR, DM, or OS between the subtypes. Age < 65 years and administration of radiotherapy (RT) were significantly associated with lower LR rates (HR 0.560, 95% CI 0.3373-0.840, p = 0.005 and HR 0.421, 95% CI 0.225-0.790, p = 0.007, respectively), however no prognostic factors were identified for development of DM. Development of DM, but not LR (p = 0.052), was significantly associated with decreased OS (HR 6.486, 95% CI 2.939-14.318 p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We found no significant difference in oncological outcome between the different cAS subtypes. OS remains relatively poor, and RT is associated with lower LR rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie J M Reijers
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dirk J Grünhagen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Myles J F Smith
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Tessa M van Ginhoven
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frits van Coevorden
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Winette T A van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Schrage
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk C Strauss
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rick L M Haas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J Verhoef
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew J Hayes
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - Winan J van Houdt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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MYC-Nonamplified Secondary Lymphatic-Type Angiosarcoma With Prominent Lymphocytic Infiltrate Following Radiation Therapy for Myxoid Liposarcoma. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:955-957. [DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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19
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Brennan MF, Singer S. Five decades of sarcoma care at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. J Surg Oncol 2022; 126:896-901. [PMID: 36087086 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Early studies of the management of soft tissue sarcoma at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center were influenced by development of robust prospective long-term databases. Increasing capacity for molecular diagnostics has identified a myriad of subtypes with definable natural history. Accurate identification of tissue-specific risk of recurrence and disease-specific survival have increasingly allowed selective use of surgery, radiation therapy, and target-specific cytotoxic and immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray F Brennan
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Samuel Singer
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Kerrigan CB, Ahern TP, Brennan SK, Kurchena KC, Nelson CJ, Sowden MM. Ultrasound for the Objective Measurement of Breast Lymphedema. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2022; 41:1993-2002. [PMID: 34792209 DOI: 10.1002/jum.15881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Breast lymphedema has supplanted upper extremity lymphedema as a common and debilitating sequela of breast cancer treatment, but has no objective measurement. We assessed the utility of ultrasound-measured difference in dermal thickness between affected and unaffected breasts as a measure of breast lymphedema. We associated this measure with patient characteristics, treatment parameters, and patient-reported impact on quality of life. METHODS We enrolled 30 invasive breast carcinoma patients treated with breast-conserving surgery, sentinel lymph node biopsy, and radiotherapy, and 10 control patients evaluated for benign breast conditions without prior breast surgery or radiotherapy. Patient and treatment variables were ascertained from medical records and radiotherapy instruments. Impacts on quality of life were measured with a modified Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire. We characterized breast lymphedema by calculating the difference in ultrasound-measured dermal thickness between affected and unaffected breasts. Associations with patient characteristics, treatment, and quality of life were quantified with log-binomial regression models. RESULTS Breast lymphedema was defined as a dermal thickness difference of >0.3 mm. Nineteen patients in the invasive group (63%) had breast lymphedema by this definition. We observed positive associations between ultrasound-defined breast lymphedema and surgical factors (size of primary tumor, number of lymph nodes removed), radiotherapy factors (breast volume irradiated, receipt of radiation boost), and patient-reported outcomes (sleep quality and overall confidence). CONCLUSIONS Difference in dermal thickness is an easy and inexpensive measurement for quantifying breast lymphedema, and correlates with treatment parameters and patient-reported impacts on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen B Kerrigan
- Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Thomas P Ahern
- Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Sara K Brennan
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Kathryn C Kurchena
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Carl J Nelson
- Department of Radiology, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Michelle M Sowden
- Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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21
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Walke VA, Datar S, Kowe B, Chaurasia JK. Unusual coexistence of Stewart-Treves syndrome and sickle cell anaemia: a case of dual pathology. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:15/7/e249379. [PMID: 35793854 PMCID: PMC9260810 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-249379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphoedema can rarely be complicated by an angiosarcoma. This combination called Stewart-Treves syndrome usually observed in upper limb in patients of post-mastectomy with axillary lymph node resection. Here, we report a male patient who had a 10-year history of right leg elephantiasis. Later on, he developed two large ulceronodular masses in the same leg with few satellite nodules in the surrounding skin. With the clinical suspicion of malignancy, a wedge biopsy was performed which revealed histological features of angiosarcoma with sickled red cells. The above knee amputation specimen received further confirmed the histological diagnosis. The investigation for haemoglobinopathy also suggested the presence of sickle cell trait. This report describes a multifocal tumour as a rare manifestation of Stewart-Treves syndrome in a post-filariasis case with sickle cell trait, which is an extremely uncommon combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali A Walke
- Pathology & Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science-Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Jai Kumar Chaurasia
- Pathology & Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Science-Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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22
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Ramelli E, Weingertner N, Welsch A, Reix N, Antoni D, Amé S, Molière S, Mathelin C. Innovative approach to lymphadenectomy in breast sarcoma. Bull Cancer 2022; 109:1017-1028. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Messina V, Cope B, Keung EZ, Fiore M. Management of Skin Sarcomas. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2022; 31:511-525. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Kokkali S, Moreno JD, Klijanienko J, Theocharis S. Clinical and Molecular Insights of Radiation-Induced Breast Sarcomas: Is There Hope on the Horizon for Effective Treatment of This Aggressive Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084125. [PMID: 35456944 PMCID: PMC9029574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced breast sarcomas (RIBS) are rare entities representing <1% of all primary breast malignancies, limiting most reports to small retrospective case series. They constitute a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, with high-grade angiosarcoma being the most common subtype. Other sarcoma histotypes, such as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, can also be identified. Radiation-induced breast angiosarcoma (RIBA) has an incidence of approximately 0.1% after breast-conserving therapy and arises mainly from the dermis of the irradiated breast. MYC gene amplification is highly indicative of secondary breast angiosarcomas. Their clinical presentation often mimics benign port-radiation lesions, leading to a delay in diagnosis and a lost window of opportunity for cure. Surgery with negative margins is the mainstay of treatment of localized RIBS. In the case of angiosarcoma, technical difficulties, including multifocality, infiltrative margins, and difficulty in assessing tumor margins, render surgical treatment quite challenging. A limited number of studies showed that adjuvant radiation therapy reduces local recurrences; therefore, it is proposed by many groups for large, high-grade tumors. Chemotherapy has been evaluated retrospectively in a small subset of patients, with some evidence supporting its use in angiosarcoma patients. Approximately half of patients with RIBA will show local recurrence. In the advanced setting, different therapeutic options are discussed in the review, including chemotherapy, antiangiogenic therapy, and immunotherapy, whereas the need for further research on molecular therapeutic targets is pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Kokkali
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece;
- Oncology Unit, 2nd Department of Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippocratio General Hospital of Athens, V. Sofias 114, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-6932326547
| | - Jose Duran Moreno
- Hellenic Group of Sarcoma and Rare Cancers, G. Theologou 5, 11471 Athens, Greece;
| | - Jerzy Klijanienko
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, 26 Rue d’Ulm, CEDEX 05, 75248 Paris, France;
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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25
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Rosenbaum E, Antonescu CR, Smith S, Bradic M, Kashani D, Richards AL, Donoghue M, Kelly CM, Nacev B, Chan JE, Chi P, Dickson MA, Keohan ML, Gounder MM, Movva S, Avutu V, Thornton K, Zehir A, Bowman AS, Singer S, Tap W, D'Angelo S. Clinical, genomic, and transcriptomic correlates of response to immune checkpoint blockade-based therapy in a cohort of patients with angiosarcoma treated at a single center. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004149. [PMID: 35365586 PMCID: PMC8977792 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiosarcoma is a histologically and molecularly heterogeneous vascular neoplasm with aggressive clinical behavior. Emerging data suggests that immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is efficacious against some angiosarcomas, particularly cutaneous angiosarcoma of the head and neck (CHN). Methods Patients with histologically confirmed angiosarcoma treated with ICB-based therapy at a comprehensive cancer center were retrospectively identified. Clinical characteristics and the results of targeted exome sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, and immunohistochemistry analyses were examined for correlation with clinical benefit. Durable clinical benefit was defined as a progression-free survival (PFS) of ≥16 weeks. Results For the 35 patients included in the analyses, median PFS and median overall survival (OS) from the time of first ICB-based treatment were 11.9 (95% CI 7.4 to 31.9) and 42.5 (95% CI 19.6 to 114.2) weeks, respectively. Thirteen patients (37%) had PFS ≥16 weeks. Clinical factors associated with longer PFS and longer OS in multivariate analyses were ICB plus other therapy regimens, CHN disease, and white race. Three of 10 patients with CHN angiosarcoma evaluable for tumor mutational burden (TMB) had a TMB ≥10. Five of six patients with CHN angiosarcoma evaluable for mutational signature analysis had a dominant mutational signature associated with ultraviolet (UV) light. No individual gene or genomic pathway was significantly associated with PFS or OS; neither were TMB or UV signature status. Analyses of whole transcriptomes from nine patient tumor samples found upregulation of angiogenesis, inflammatory response, and KRAS signaling pathways, among others, in patients with PFS ≥16 weeks, as well as higher levels of cytotoxic T cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells. Patients with PFS <16 weeks had higher numbers of cancer-associated fibroblasts. Immunohistochemistry findings for 12 patients with baseline samples available suggest that neither PD-L1 expression nor presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes at baseline appears necessary for a response to ICB-based therapy. Conclusions ICB-based therapy benefits only a subset of angiosarcoma patients. Patients with CHN angiosarcoma are more likely to have PFS ≥16 weeks, a dominant UV mutational signature, and higher TMB than angiosarcomas arising from other primary sites. However, clinical benefit was seen in other angiosarcomas also and was not restricted to tumors with a high TMB, a dominant UV signature, PD-L1 expression, or presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Rosenbaum
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA .,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Cristina R Antonescu
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Shaleigh Smith
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martina Bradic
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Kashani
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Allison L Richards
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark Donoghue
- Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ciara M Kelly
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin Nacev
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Jason E Chan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ping Chi
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA.,Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark A Dickson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Mary L Keohan
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Mrinal M Gounder
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Sujana Movva
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Viswatej Avutu
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Katherine Thornton
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Ahmet Zehir
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Anita S Bowman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Samuel Singer
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - William Tap
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Sandra D'Angelo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, New York, USA
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26
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Katano A, Yamashita H. Remarkable response to radiation therapy with concurrent chemotherapy in Stewart–Treves syndrome. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:840-842. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_215_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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27
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Bhaludin BN, Thway K, Adejolu M, Renn A, Kelly-Morland C, Fisher C, Jones RL, Messiou C, Moskovic E. Imaging features of primary sites and metastatic patterns of angiosarcoma. Insights Imaging 2021; 12:189. [PMID: 34921641 PMCID: PMC8684573 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-021-01129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcomas are rare, aggressive soft tissue sarcomas originating from endothelial cells of lymphatic or vascular origin and associated with a poor prognosis. The clinical and imaging features of angiosarcomas are heterogeneous with a wide spectrum of findings involving any site of the body, but these most commonly present as cutaneous disease in the head and neck of elderly men. MRI and CT are complementary imaging techniques in assessing the extent of disease, focality and involvement of adjacent anatomical structures at the primary site of disease. CT plays an important role in the evaluation of metastatic disease. Given the wide range of imaging findings, correlation with clinical findings, specific risk factors and patterns of metastatic disease can help narrow the differential diagnosis. The final diagnosis should be confirmed with histopathology and immunohistochemistry in combination with clinical and imaging findings in a multidisciplinary setting with specialist sarcoma expertise. The purpose of this review is to describe the clinical and imaging features of primary sites and metastatic patterns of angiosarcomas utilising CT and MRI.
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28
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Bazyka DA, Litvinenko OO, Bugaytsov SG, Shakhrai GF. SKIN AND SUBCUTANEOUS ADIPOSE TISSUE DAMAGE AFTER RADIATION THERAPY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS. PROBLEMY RADIATSIINOI MEDYTSYNY TA RADIOBIOLOHII 2021; 26:18-35. [PMID: 34965541 DOI: 10.33145/2304-8336-2021-26-18-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of long-term researches of the pathological changes arising in soft tissues at patients with a breast cancer as a result of radical surgical treatment and adjuvant radiotherapy is carried out in work. The article shows that the standard approach to postoperative radiation therapy, which is based only on the prevalence of the primary tumor process is not always justified. Very often it leads to excessive radiation load on the patient's body and the development of local acute and chronic radiation reactions of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and other soft tissues.In this regard, the question of differentiated purpose of radiotherapy acquires special value first of all at patients with small primary prevalence of tumor process. The paper presents the results of studies to study changes in the anterior chest wall in patients with breast cancer. In relation to the conduct of adjuvant radiotherapy more often need to use the concept of personalized radiation therapy. Radical operation, post-radiation early and late pathological changes in soft tissues, disturbance of microcirculation of lymph and blood, disturbance of innervation of vessels of an upper extremity, peripheral nerves in system of a cervical and plexus plexus, leads to intensive degen-erative and dystrophic changes in soft tissues of the upper. and causes morphological changes in them and further progression of reflex neurovascular and neurodystrophic disorders. Based on the data of adverse effects of radio-therapy on the skin and surrounding tissues, as well as to reduce excessive radiation exposure to the patient's body, a differentiated approach to the appointment of adjuvant radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Bazyka
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - O O Litvinenko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - S G Bugaytsov
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - G F Shakhrai
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
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29
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Stewart-Treves syndrome in an older woman successfully treated by metronomic chemotherapy: case report and literature survey. Anticancer Drugs 2021; 33:220-224. [PMID: 34845161 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors present the case of a 94-year-old woman suffering from a right arm angiosarcoma developed after primary breast cancer and treated with success by oral metronomic chemotherapy based on daily low doses of cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The case description is followed by a short review of actual knowledge on the subject.
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30
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Boki H, Kimura T, Miyagaki T, Suga H, Blauvelt A, Okochi H, Sugaya M, Sato S. Lymphatic Dysfunction Exacerbates Cutaneous Tumorigenesis and Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation through Accumulation of Inflammatory Cytokines. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1692-1702.e3. [PMID: 34780714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic transport plays an important role in coordinating local immune responses. However, the biologic effects of impaired lymphatic flow in vivo are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the roles of the lymphatic system in skin carcinogenesis and psoriasis-like inflammation using k-cyclin transgenic (kCYC+/-) mice, which demonstrate severe lymphatic dysfunction. kCYC+/- mice showed augmented tumor growth in the two-stage skin carcinogenesis model and severe clinical scores in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation compared with wild-type mice. Although mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines in skin after topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate or imiquimod were comparable between kCYC+/- and wild-type mice, protein levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-17A, IL-22, and IL-23, were significantly upregulated in kCYC+/- mice in both models. Consistently, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway and NF-κB signaling were augmented in epidermal keratinocytes in kCYC+/- mice. These results suggest that lymphatic dysfunction in kCYC+/- mice caused accumulation of inflammatory cytokines, leading to the exacerbation of two-stage skin carcinogenesis and imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. These findings add insight into the clinical problems of secondary malignancies and inflammatory dermatoses that may occur with extremity lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikari Boki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kimura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyagaki
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Hiraku Suga
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Okochi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sugaya
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Chaney MJ, Piao X, Tahir N, Ying GW, Omotosho Y, Farooqi A, Zahra F. Stewart-Treves Syndrome in Obesity-Associated Chronic Lymphedema: A Case Report. J Med Cases 2021; 12:395-399. [PMID: 34691335 PMCID: PMC8510668 DOI: 10.14740/jmc3769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stewart-Treves syndrome (STS) is defined as the development of cutaneous angiosarcoma in the presence of long-standing lymphedema and is a rare disease with only about 400 cases reported in world literature. We report a case of a 63-year-old morbidly obese woman with a long-standing history of lymphedema who developed angiosarcoma of the right lower extremity with metastasis and presented with acute respiratory distress. The patient underwent a thorough laboratory workup with a chest X-ray showing bilateral effusions. The hematology-oncology service was consulted and found the patient to have significant progression of angiosarcoma causing respiratory failure and cardiac instability. A decision to transition to hospice care was made and the patient eventually passed away in the intensive care unit. We present this case to raise awareness of STS in medical literature to understand its clinical manifestations better. Early detection is imperative as angiosarcoma is commonly an aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Chaney
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xuanzhen Piao
- Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nayha Tahir
- Chicago Medical School Internal Medicine Residency Program at Northwestern Mchenry Hospital, McHenry, IL, USA
| | - Grace W Ying
- Chicago Medical School Internal Medicine Residency Program at Northwestern Mchenry Hospital, McHenry, IL, USA
| | - Yetunde Omotosho
- Chicago Medical School Internal Medicine Residency Program at Northwestern Mchenry Hospital, McHenry, IL, USA
| | - Aneeba Farooqi
- Chicago Medical School Internal Medicine Residency Program at Northwestern Mchenry Hospital, McHenry, IL, USA
| | - Farah Zahra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Northwestern Medicine McHenry Hospital, McHenry, IL, USA
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32
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Borman P, Yaman A, Gököz Ö. Stewart-Treves Syndrome: A Rare But Aggressive Complication of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema. Eur J Breast Health 2021; 17:378-382. [PMID: 34651118 DOI: 10.4274/ejbh.galenos.2020.5741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Stewart-Treves syndrome (STS) is an angiosarcoma that usually develop in an extremity with longstanding lymphedema. Most affected patients have a history of breast cancer treated with radical mastectomy. Here, we report a case of STS with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) for a period of seven years. A 56-year-old woman presented with chronic lymphedema of the left arm. Nine years previously she had modified radical mastectomy for grade 2, invasive, ductal breast cancer. Upon physical examination, a tender, purplish lesion on the medial half of the affected arm was observed. The lesion spread rapidly with different-sized, scattered, purple-colored lesions in the affected area. A prompt skin biopsy was reported as STS. An immediate arm amputation was performed. However, a few months later she presented with new lesions on the anterior thorax and subsequent local recurrence around the scar. She received radiation-therapy. However, six months later the angiosarcoma had spread to the pelvic and upper limb area with scattered skin lesions. She had several problems during the chemotherapy and radiation-therapy, although she survived beyond 20 months. In conclusion, STS is a rare but aggressive and important complication of BCRL. Awareness of rapidly progressing skin lesions and detailed investigation, as well as prompt surgery is necessary for patients with BCRL in order to relatively increase the survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Borman
- Clinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Yaman
- Clinic of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gülhane Training and Reseach Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özay Gököz
- Department of Pathology, University of Hacettepe Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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33
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Upton J. Reply: Diffuse Venous Malformations of the Upper Extremity (Bockenheimer Disease): Diagnosis and Management. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; Publish Ahead of Print:00006534-990000000-00419. [PMID: 34609980 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Upton
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Oral Surgery Boston Children's Hospital 300 Longwood Avenue Boston, Mass. 02115
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34
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Kim PJ, Mufti A, Sachdeva M, Lytvyn Y, Zabihi-Pour D, Zaaroura H, Yeung J. Stewart-Treves syndrome and other cutaneous malignancies in the context of chronic lymphedema: a systematic review. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:62-70. [PMID: 34196958 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Angiosarcoma developing in chronically lymphedematous tissue, or Stewart-Treves syndrome (STS), is a rare and lethal complication of lymphedema. This systematic review summarizes characteristics and outcomes of STS and other cutaneous malignancies arising in chronic lymphedema. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched on February 19th, 2021, to identify 200 articles included in the analysis. RESULTS Of 369 included patients, 89.7% (n = 331/369) had STS and 10.3% (n = 38/369) had other associated malignancies. Mean age of onset was 61.2 years, and 85.9% (n = 317/369) of cases were female. Common risk factors were previous cancer history (69.8%, n = 258/369) and radiation history (53.7%, n = 198/369). Lymphedema was most commonly attributed to surgical causes (68.3%, n = 252/369). STS begins on average 14.9 years after lymphedema with mortality of 53.9% (n = 178/331) and remission rate of 16.1% (n = 53/331). Other malignancies begin on average 23.7 years after lymphedema, with mortality of 10.5% (n = 4/38) and remission rate of 31.6% (n = 12/38). STS and other malignancies had 5-year survivals of 22.4% and 65.2%, respectively (P = 0.00145). For all patients, patients initially treated with excision had the best survival (median: 48 months, 5-year survival: 43.3%) and radiotherapy had the worst survival (median: 10 months, 5-year survival: 6.5%) (P = 0.0141). CONCLUSION Malignancy can appear in lymphedematous tissue many years after lymphedema onset. STS has poorer prognosis compared to other malignancies. Further research should be conducted to better understand the causes, risk factors, and management of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Kim
- Faculty of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Asfandyar Mufti
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Yuliya Lytvyn
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Hiba Zaaroura
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jensen Yeung
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dermatology, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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35
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Mori T, Miyagaki T, Kishi A, Takeuchi S, Kobayashi M, Araki Y, Nakamura N, Koike J, Kadono T. Stewart-Treves syndrome associated with disuse edema in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Dermatol 2021; 48:e443-e444. [PMID: 34058020 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toko Mori
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyagaki
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Arisa Kishi
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Sora Takeuchi
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Naoki Nakamura
- Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Junki Koike
- Department of Pathology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kadono
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
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36
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FLORESCU C, AHN C. Stewart-Treves Syndrome: A Case Report. JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.33706/jemcr.795113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Li GZ, Raut CP, Hunt KK, Feng M, Chugh R. Breast Sarcomas, Phyllodes Tumors, and Desmoid Tumors: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Staging, and Histology-Specific Management Considerations. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2021; 41:390-404. [PMID: 34010054 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_321341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Breast sarcomas arise from connective tissues of the breast and account for fewer than 1% of all breast malignancies. They can be subclassified as primary breast sarcomas, which arise de novo and are histologically diverse, and secondary breast sarcomas, which arise as a result of radiation or lymphedema and are most commonly angiosarcomas. Two other connective tissue neoplasms that occur within the breast include phyllodes tumors and desmoid tumors, which exhibit a spectrum of behaviors. Malignant phyllodes tumors are biologically similar to primary breast sarcomas, whereas desmoid tumors are technically benign but often locally aggressive. Patients with breast sarcomas often present with a rapidly growing mass or, in cases of radiation-associated angiosarcoma, violaceous cutaneous lesions. Core needle biopsy is generally required to confirm the diagnosis of sarcomas. Staging workup includes MRI and chest imaging, although these are not required in the case of benign phyllodes or desmoid tumors. In general, localized breast sarcomas should be resected, with the extent of resection tailored to histologic subtype. Radiation and chemotherapy can be used in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting, but data are limited, so treatment decisions should be made on an individualized basis. Systemic therapy options for metastatic disease and refractory breast desmoids mimic those used for the same histologies when present in other sites. Given the rarity and heterogeneity of breast sarcoma, as well as limited literature describing these entities, expert multidisciplinary evaluation is crucial for optimal decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Z Li
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Chandrajit P Raut
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Center for Sarcoma and Bone Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Kelly K Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mary Feng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Rashmi Chugh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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38
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Friedrich AKU, Reisenbichler ES, Heller DR, LeBlanc JM, Park TS, Killelea BK, Lannin DR. Characteristics and Long-Term Risk of Breast Angiosarcoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:5112-5118. [PMID: 33604827 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09689-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiosarcoma of the breast is rare and aggressive. It can occur as a de novo tumor or secondary to breast cancer treatment. The purpose of this study is to analyze differences between patients with primary and secondary angiosarcoma of the breast and investigate potential risk factors for its development. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program of the National Cancer Institute database was queried to identify patients with angiosarcoma of the breast, trunk, shoulder, and upper arm. The population-based incidence was analyzed. Primary and secondary angiosarcoma cases were identified and compared. Breast cancer characteristics of secondary angiosarcoma patients were compared with all breast cancer patients in the database who did not develop angiosarcoma. RESULTS Overall, 904 patients were included, and 65.4% were secondary angiosarcomas. These patients had worse survival, were older, more likely to be White, more likely to have regionally advanced disease, and had angiosarcoma tumors of higher pathologic grade. Independent factors associated with development of secondary angiosarcoma among breast cancer patients included White race, older age, invasive tumor, lymph node removal, lumpectomy, radiation treatment, and left-sided tumor. Although the mean time to develop angiosarcoma after breast cancer diagnosis was 8.2 years, the risk continues to increase up to 30 years after breast cancer treatment. CONCLUSION Angiosarcoma is rare but increasing in incidence. Secondary angiosarcomas are more common and exhibit more aggressive behavior. Several factors for angiosarcoma after breast cancer treatment could be identified, which may help us counsel and identify patients at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily S Reisenbichler
- Departments of Pathology and Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Danielle R Heller
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Justin M LeBlanc
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Tristen S Park
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Brigid K Killelea
- St. Vincent's Medical Center, Hartford HealthCare, Bridgeport, CT , USA
| | - Donald R Lannin
- Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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Snow A, Ring A, Struycken L, Mack W, Koç M, Lang JE. Incidence of radiation induced sarcoma attributable to radiotherapy in adults: A retrospective cohort study in the SEER cancer registries across 17 primary tumor sites. Cancer Epidemiol 2021; 70:101857. [PMID: 33249363 PMCID: PMC7856279 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have noted the incidence of radiation-induced sarcomas (RIS) but have not investigated the relative risk (RR) of developing RIS based on primary tumor organ disease site. By examining data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, we hypothesized that breast cancer would have a higher incidence of RIS compared to seventeen other primary cancer sites. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study that examined patients from SEER registries between 1973 and 2013. We included patients aged 18 years or older who were diagnosed with cancer and those diagnosed with a cancer who subsequently developed a sarcoma. We excluded patients with missing information on initial radiotherapy treatment or stage. RIS was defined as those who developed a secondary sarcoma near the site of their original malignancy and after a 24-month latency period. RESULTS Our patients had a mean age of 60 years and follow up time of 9.2 years. Breast cancer comprised the majority with 693,701(36.8%) patients of which 161 (0.02%) had a secondary sarcoma. Of the 359 patients with secondary sarcomas, 242 (67.4%) had RIS. Breast cancer had the highest number of RIS patients at 126 compared to all combined non-breast cancer sites at 116. The RR of RIS in breast cancer versus 19 other primary cancer sites was 1.21 (CI: 1.01-1.45, p < 0.03, adjusted for age at primary diagnosis, gender, and latency). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that breast cancer has a higher risk of developing RIS compared to other solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anson Snow
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; USC California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Ring
- Department of Medical Oncology and Haematology, University Hospital Zurich, and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Struycken
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona Banner University Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Wendy Mack
- Department of Preventive Medicine, SC Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Koç
- Department of Preventive Medicine, SC Clinical Translational Science Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julie E Lang
- USC California Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery and University of Southern California Norris Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hajdu SI. Pathfinders in oncology from the first clinical use of single-agent chemotherapy to the introduction of mammography. Cancer 2021; 127:12-26. [PMID: 33095913 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
During the period from 1942 to 1962, treatment attempts with single-agent chemotherapy such as nitrogen mustard and urethan gained limited application. However, the groundbreaking success with aminopterin in the treatment of patients with pediatric acute leukemia and methotrexate in the treatment of gestational choriocarcinoma established single-agent chemotherapy as a pioneering contribution to oncology. The landmark discovery that early-stage Hodgkin disease is curable with radiation made radiotherapy into an essential specialty of oncology. Although radical surgical treatment dominated the field of surgery, the excision of localized cancers with or without adjuvant radiation emerged as new modality in therapy. Cytopathology and surgical pathology became new fields in medicine and pathologists became an integral part of the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care of patients with cancer. The discovery of multiple new drugs demonstrated promising results and widened the field of oncology from the laboratory to the clinic. In the etiology of cancer, precancerous conditions were named and carcinoma of the lung was definitively linked to cigarette smoking. All things considered, the progress made between 1942 and 1962 came about through the dedicated work of many individuals. However, there were 7 distinguished pathfinders (2 pathologists, 1 pediatric pathologist-oncologist, 1 radiation therapist, 1 physician-actuary, 1 gynecologist-oncologist, and 1 chemist) who, despite their different backgrounds, interests, and sex, made groundbreaking contributions to oncology.
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Issakwisa M, Mwakyusa N, Torres L, Ngatunga C, Chaula B, Maro H, Mboma L, Nguma I, Nqwata L, Mujwahuzi L. Metastatic angiosarcoma of unknown primary site misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. Clin Case Rep 2020; 8:3018-3023. [PMID: 33363871 PMCID: PMC7752315 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis in endemic areas is likely to be overdiagnosed in patients with atypical clinical and imaging findings mimicking tuberculosis, as in our case of angiosarcoma. Detailed history, physical examination, imaging, and histopathology avert diagnosis of tumors as tuberculosis in resource-limited settings, where countless diseases have common clinical and imaging presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mwakyula Issakwisa
- Department of Internal MedicineMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
| | - Ngwilo Mwakyusa
- Department of RadiologyMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
| | - Liset Torres
- Department of PathologyMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
| | - Cecilia Ngatunga
- Department of RadiologyMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
| | - Baraka Chaula
- Department of Internal MedicineMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
| | - Haika Maro
- Department of RadiologyMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
| | - Lazaro Mboma
- Department of SurgeryMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
| | - Irene Nguma
- Department of Internal MedicineMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
| | - Lamla Nqwata
- Division of PulmonologyChris Hani Baragwanath Academic HospitalBertshamSouth Africa
- University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Leodegard Mujwahuzi
- Department of Internal MedicineMbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and University of Dar es SalaamMbeya College of Health and Allied SciencesMbeyaTanzania
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Kwan JYY, Famiyeh P, Su J, Xu W, Kwan BYM, Jones JM, Chang E, Yip KW, Liu FF. Development and Validation of a Risk Model for Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2024373. [PMID: 33175175 PMCID: PMC7658732 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.24373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Approximately 1 in 5 patients with breast cancer who undergo axillary lymph node dissection will develop lymphedema. To appropriately triage and monitor these patients for timely diagnosis and treatment, robust risk models are required. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of mammographic breast density in estimating lymphedema severity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prognostic study collected data from July 16, 2018, to March 3, 2020, from the electronic health records of patients of the Cancer Rehabilitation and Survivorship Program at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Participants included women who had completed curative treatment for a first diagnosis of breast cancer and who were referred to the program. Also included were a sample of patients in the general breast oncology population who were receiving follow-up care at the center during the same period but who were not referred to the program. All patients attended follow-up appointments at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre from January 1, 2016, to May 1, 2018. The cohort was randomly split 2:1 to group patients into a training cohort and a validation cohort. EXPOSURES Participant demographic and clinical characteristics included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), medical history, cancer characteristics, and cancer treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Spearman correlation coefficient between measured and predicted volume of lymphedema was calculated. Area under the curve (AUC) values were generated for predicting the occurrence of at least mild lymphedema (volume, >200 mL) and severe lymphedema (volume, >500 mL) at the time of initial lymphedema diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 373 female patients (median [interquartile range] age, 52.3 [45.9-60.1] years) were eligible for this analysis. Multivariate linear regression identified 3 patient factors (age, BMI, and mammographic breast density), 1 cancer factor (number of pathological lymph nodes), and 1 treatment factor (axillary lymph node dissection) as independent prognostic variables. In validation testing, Spearman correlation revealed a statistically significant moderate correlation (coefficient, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.26-0.56; P < .001) between measured volume and predicted volume of lymphedema. The AUC values were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60-0.83) for predicting the occurrence of mild lymphedema and 0.83 (95% CI, 0.74-0.93) for severe lymphedema. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This prognostic study found that patients with low breast density appeared to be at a higher risk of developing severe lymphedema. The finding suggests that by combining breast density with established risk factors a multivariate linear regression model could be used to predict the development of lymphedema and provide volumetric estimates of lymphedema severity in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Yin Yee Kwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Petra Famiyeh
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jie Su
- Biostatistics Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wei Xu
- Biostatistics Division, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Yin Ming Kwan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer M. Jones
- Cancer Rehabilitation and Survivorship Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eugene Chang
- Cancer Rehabilitation and Survivorship Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth W. Yip
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Research Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Ishizuka Y, Horimoto Y, Onagi H, Arakawa A, Saito M. Microsatellite-Stable Radiation-Induced Angiosarcoma after Breast-Conserving Surgery: A Case Report. Case Rep Oncol 2020; 13:1275-1280. [PMID: 33250743 PMCID: PMC7670326 DOI: 10.1159/000510809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced angiosarcoma (RIAS) after breast-conserving surgery is quite rare. Risk factors for RIAS have yet to be identified, due largely to the very low incidence of this disease. The etiologic mechanisms of RIAS are not understood, although some reports suggest that genome instability may contribute to RIAS development. An 81-year-old Japanese woman presented to our hospital after developing multiple dark purple nodules on her left breast. She had undergone breast-conserving surgery for left breast cancer and adjuvant radiotherapy for the conserved breast 9 years earlier. Punch biopsy of one of the dark purple nodules was performed and the pathological diagnosis was angiosarcoma. She underwent total mastectomy with an adequate margin, and skin collected from her left thigh was grafted onto the site. Pathologically, the surgical margin was negative. The tumor was negative for microsatellite instability (MSI). Considering her age, she has remained under careful observation with neither systemic treatment nor adjuvant radiation. The only standard therapy for RIAS currently available is complete resection. Hence, early detection is crucial to obtain an adequate margin, followed by careful observation after breast-conserving surgery. It is also essential to reveal the tumor etiology, and for that purpose, we believe that the MSI status may be beneficial for the further investigation of RIAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Ishizuka
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Horimoto
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Onagi
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Arakawa
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsue Saito
- Department of Breast Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Vojtíšek R, Sukovská E, Kylarová M, Kacerovská D, Baxa J, Divišová B, Fínek J. Stewart-Treves syndrome: Case report and literature review. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2020; 25:934-938. [PMID: 33088229 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiosarcoma, or Stewart-Treves Syndrome (STS), is a very rare skin angiosarcoma with poor prognosis, which usually affects the upper limbs of patients who underwent breast cancer surgery, including axillary dissection followed by radiotherapy (RT). Cutaneous lymphangiosarcomas, which account for approximately 5% of all angiosarcomas, usually originate in the limb with chronic lymphedema. Lymphatic blockade is involved in the onset of STS. RT contributes indirectly to an increased risk of developing STS by causing axillary-node sclerosis and resulting in a lymphatic blockade and lymphedema. Chronic lymphedema causes local immunodeficiency, which indirectly leads to oncogenesis. Currently, axillary nodes are no longer routinely irradiated after axillary dissection, which is associated with a reduction in the incidence of chronic lymphedema from 40% to 4%. The use of sentinel lymph node biopsy technique is also widespread and the associated risk of lymphedema is further reduced. Thus, the incidence of STS decreased significantly with improved surgical and radiation techniques. The overall prognosis of STS patients is very poor. Only early radical surgical removal, including amputation or disarticulation of the affected limb, or wide excision at an early stage offers the greatest chance of long-term survival. Only a few case reports and series with a small number of patients with lymphangiosarcoma can be found in the literature. We present a case report of the first diagnosed STS at our department in an effort to highlight the need of the consideration of developing lymphangiosarcoma in patients with chronic lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radovan Vojtíšek
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Emília Sukovská
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Marika Kylarová
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Edvarda Beneše 13, 305 99 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Denisa Kacerovská
- Sikl's Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Edvarda Beneše 13, 305 99 Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Bioptical Laboratory, Mikulášské nám. 4, 326 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Baxa
- Department of Imaging Methods, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Divišová
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, Edvarda Beneše 13, 305 99 Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Fínek
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Pilsen, alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Conic RR, Damiani G, Frigerio A, Tsai S, Bragazzi NL, Chu TW, Mesinkovska NA, Koyfman SA, Joshi NP, Budd GT, Vidimos A, Gastman BR. Incidence and outcomes of cutaneous angiosarcoma: A SEER population-based study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 83:809-816. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Multidisciplinary Management of Angiosarcoma - A Review. J Surg Res 2020; 257:213-220. [PMID: 32858322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Angiosarcomas (AS) are a diverse group of soft tissue sarcomas, arising from blood and lymphatic vessels. They frequently present in the elderly, and in patients with previous radiation or lymphedema. A wide range of genetic derangements contribute to their development, and AS histology is often high-grade in keeping with aggressive disease biology. The clinical presentation, while often innocuous, is marked by its infiltrative and aggressive nature, with a proclivity for metastatic spread, and outcomes are often poor. Surgery is performed for localized, resectable cases. A multidisciplinary approach, appropriately employing surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or potentially recently approved immune-oncology agents, can result in positive outcomes.
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Imura Y, Nagata S, Wakamatsu T, Tanaka T, Tamiya H, Naka N, Takenaka S. A case of Stewart-Treves syndrome occurring in the abdominal wall successfully treated with eribulin: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2020; 13:49. [PMID: 32874579 PMCID: PMC7453393 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2020.2119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcoma (AS) is a rare and aggressive tumor with high rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis. Stewart-Treves syndrome (STS) is defined as AS arising in the setting of chronic lymphedema, and is extremely uncommon in the lower abdominal wall. Eribulin mesylate (eribulin) is a non-taxane microtubule inhibitor that has been approved in Japan for treating soft tissue sarcoma. The current study reports the case of a 76 year-old woman with STS in the lower abdominal wall who exhibited an excellent response to eribulin. Having undergone surgery and postoperative radiation therapy (RT) for cervical cancer 12 years earlier, the patient presented with a mass in her left lower abdominal wall, where chronic lymphedema had developed. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed multiple enhancing nodules in the left lower abdominal wall and edema of the subcutaneous tissues in the whole lower abdomen. A histologic analysis of the specimens revealed AS, and she was diagnosed as STS. A total of 3 cycles of combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and docetaxel were administered, but the patient discontinued treatment owing to severe adverse events. RT was performed for the tumor, but multiple reddish nodules appeared in the whole lower abdominal wall 3 months later. At this point, eribulin administration was offered. After 4 cycles of treatment, there was a clear reduction in the size of the nodules. All lesions were stable, no new lesions had developed, and the side effects of treatment were minor over the course of 1 year. The results reveal that eribulin may serve as a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of STS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Imura
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Shigenori Nagata
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Toru Wakamatsu
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tanaka
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hironari Tamiya
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Norifumi Naka
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takenaka
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Service, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
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Primary mammary angiosarcomas harbor frequent mutations in KDR and PIK3CA and show evidence of distinct pathogenesis. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:1518-1526. [PMID: 32123305 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0511-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiosarcoma (AS) is the most frequent primary sarcoma of the breast but nevertheless remains uncommon, accounting for <0.05% of breast malignancies. Secondary mammary AS arise following radiation therapy for breast cancer, in contrast to primary AS which occur sporadically. Essentially all show aggressive clinical behavior independent of histologic grade and most are treated by mastectomy. MYC amplification is frequently identified in radiation-induced AS but only rarely in primary mammary AS (PMAS). As a heterogeneous group, AS from various anatomic sites have been shown to harbor recurrent alterations in TP53, MAP kinase pathway genes, and genes involved in angiogenic signaling including KDR (VEGFR2) and PTPRB. In part due to its rarity, the pathogenesis of PMAS has not been fully characterized. In this study, we examined the clinical, pathologic, and genomic features of ten cases of PMAS, including one patient with bilateral disease. Recurrent genomic alterations were identified in KDR (70%), PIK3CA/PIK3R1 (70%), and PTPRB (30%), each at higher frequencies than reported in AS across all sites. Six tumors harbored a KDR p.T771R hotspot mutation, and all seven KDR-mutant cases showed evidence suggestive of biallelism (four with loss of heterozygosity and three with two aberrations). Of the seven tumors with PI3K alterations, six harbored pathogenic mutations other than in the canonical PIK3CA residues which are most frequent in breast cancer. Three AS were hypermutated (≥10 mutations/megabase (Mb)); hypermutation was seen concurrent with KDR or PIK3CA mutations. The patient with bilateral disease demonstrated shared alterations, indicative of contralateral metastasis. No MYC or TP53 aberrations were detected in this series. Immunohistochemistry for VEGFR2 was unable to discriminate between KDR-mutant tumors and benign vascular lesions of the breast. These findings highlight the underrecognized frequency of KDR and PIK3CA mutation in PMAS, and a significant subset with hypermutation, suggesting a pathogenesis distinct from other AS.
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Webb C, Partain N, Koduru P, Hwang H, Sarode VR. Secondary Angiosarcoma With C-MYC Amplification Following Prophylactic Bilateral Mastectomy and Autologous Breast Reconstruction: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature. Int J Surg Pathol 2020; 29:205-210. [PMID: 32552130 DOI: 10.1177/1066896920930100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we report a very rare case of secondary angiosarcoma in a young woman with no prior history of breast cancer who had bilateral prophylactic mastectomies with autologous reconstruction due to a strong family history of breast cancer and BRCA1 gene variant of uncertain significance. The surgery was complicated by recurrent fat necrosis requiring several excisions and additional reconstruction followed by the development of localized lymphedema and subsequent angiosarcoma in the reconstructed breast 10 years later. The angiosarcoma was high grade with prominent epithelioid features associated with abundant tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Amplification of C-MYC locus 8q21.24 was demonstrated by fluorescence in situ hybridization study. We postulate that chronic trauma from several surgeries including tissue hypoxia and impaired lymphatic drainage may have provided a milieu for angiogenesis and mutagenic transformation. Amplification of C-MYC locus 8q21.24 was most likely a strong oncogenic driver of angiosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of its kind in the literature.
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50
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Fujisawa Y, Fujimura T, Matsushita S, Yamamoto Y, Uchi H, Otsuka A, Funakoshi T, Miyagi T, Hata H, Gosho M, Kambayashi Y, Aoki M, Yanagi T, Ohira A, Nakamura Y, Maeda T, Yoshino K. The efficacy of eribulin mesylate for patients with cutaneous angiosarcoma previously treated with taxane: a multicentre prospective observational study. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:831-839. [PMID: 32198756 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taxanes are the current first-line treatment for advanced cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS) for patients who are considered difficult to treat with doxorubicin owing to advanced age or comorbidity. However, no effective second-line therapy for such patients has been established. METHODS We designed a single-arm prospective observational study of eribulin mesylate (ERB) administered at a dose of 1·4 mg m-2 on days 1 and 8 in a 21-day cycle. Patients with advanced CAS who were previously treated with a taxane and were scheduled to begin ERB treatment were enrolled. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and the secondary endpoints were response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS) and toxicity assessment. RESULTS We enrolled a total of 25 patients. The median OS and PFS were 8·6 months and 3·0 months, respectively. The best overall RR was 20% (five of 25). In total, 16 grade 3/4 severe adverse events (SAEs) occurred; however, all patients recovered. Patients who achieved partial response or stable disease as best response had longer OS than those with progressive disease (median OS not reached and 3·3 months, respectively; P < 0·001). Patients who did not experience SAEs showed longer OS than those who did (median OS 18·8 months and 7·5 months, respectively; P < 0·05). Patients with distant metastasis had shorter median OS than those with locoregional disease, but without statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS ERB showed a promising RR and is a potential candidate for second-line treatment for patients with CAS, after treatment with taxanes. However, owing to the occurrence of SAEs in over half of the participants, caution should be exercised regarding ERB use in elderly patients. What is already known about this topic? Taxanes are the current first-line treatment for patients with advanced cutaneous angiosarcoma (CAS) who are considered difficult to treat with doxorubicin owing to advanced age or comorbidity. No effective therapy for taxane-resistant CAS has been established thus far. Eribulin suppresses microtubule polymerization and elicits an antitumour effect similar to that of taxanes. What does this study add? In our single-arm prospective observational study to evaluate the efficacy of eribulin for treating patients with advanced CAS who previously received taxanes, the median overall survival and progression-free survival were 8·6 and 3·0 months, respectively. Response rates at weeks 7, 13 and 25 were 20%, 17% and 14%, respectively. Although 16 grade 3/4 severe adverse events occurred, all patients recovered. Eribulin showed a promising response rate and is a potential candidate for second-line treatment in CAS after taxane treatment. Linked Comment: Smrke and Benson. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:797-798.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fujisawa
- Dermatology Division, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - T Fujimura
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - S Matsushita
- Department of Dermato-Oncology/Dermatology, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Y Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Prefectural Medical School, Wakayama, Japan
| | - H Uchi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - A Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Funakoshi
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Miyagi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - H Hata
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Gosho
- Department of Clinical Trial and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Y Kambayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - M Aoki
- Department of Dermato-Oncology/Dermatology, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - T Yanagi
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Ohira
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Y Nakamura
- Dermatology Division, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - T Maeda
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Yoshino
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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