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Ranji P, Jonasson E, Andersson L, Filges S, Luna Santamaría M, Vannas C, Dolatabadi S, Gustafsson A, Myklebost O, Håkansson J, Fagman H, Landberg G, Åman P, Ståhlberg A. Deciphering the role of FUS::DDIT3 expression and tumor microenvironment in myxoid liposarcoma development. J Transl Med 2024; 22:389. [PMID: 38671504 PMCID: PMC11046918 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05211-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) displays a distinctive tumor microenvironment and is characterized by the FUS::DDIT3 fusion oncogene, however, the precise functional contributions of these two elements remain enigmatic in tumor development. METHODS To study the cell-free microenvironment in MLS, we developed an experimental model system based on decellularized patient-derived xenograft tumors. We characterized the cell-free scaffold using mass spectrometry. Subsequently, scaffolds were repopulated using sarcoma cells with or without FUS::DDIT3 expression that were analyzed with histology and RNA sequencing. RESULTS Characterization of cell-free MLS scaffolds revealed intact structure and a large variation of protein types remaining after decellularization. We demonstrated an optimal culture time of 3 weeks and showed that FUS::DDIT3 expression decreased cell proliferation and scaffold invasiveness. The cell-free MLS microenvironment and FUS::DDIT3 expression both induced biological processes related to cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions, as well as chromatin remodeling, immune response, and metabolism. Data indicated that FUS::DDIT3 expression more than the microenvironment determined the pre-adipocytic phenotype that is typical for MLS. CONCLUSIONS Our experimental approach opens new means to study the tumor microenvironment in detail and our findings suggest that FUS::DDIT3-expressing tumor cells can create their own extracellular niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmida Ranji
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Jonasson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa Andersson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Filges
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Manuel Luna Santamaría
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Vannas
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Soheila Dolatabadi
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Gustafsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Myklebost
- Department of Tumor Biology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Joakim Håkansson
- RISE Unit of Biological Function, Division Materials and Production, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Borås, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Göran Landberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pierre Åman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Vannas C, Escobar M, Österlund T, Andersson D, Mouhanna P, Soomägi A, Molin C, Wennergren D, Fagman H, Ståhlberg A. Treatment Monitoring of a Patient with Synchronous Metastatic Angiosarcoma and Breast Cancer Using ctDNA. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4023. [PMID: 38612833 PMCID: PMC11012383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive type of soft-tissue sarcoma with high propensity to metastasize. For patients with metastatic angiosarcoma, prognosis is dismal and treatment options are limited. To improve the outcomes, identifying patients with poor treatment response at an earlier stage is imperative, enabling alternative therapy. Consequently, there is a need for improved methods and biomarkers for treatment monitoring. Quantification of circulating tumor-DNA (ctDNA) is a promising approach for patient-specific monitoring of treatment response. In this case report, we demonstrate that quantification of ctDNA using SiMSen-Seq was successfully utilized to monitor a patient with metastatic angiosarcoma. By quantifying ctDNA levels using 25 patient-specific mutations in blood plasma throughout surgery and palliative chemotherapy, we predicted the outcome and monitored the clinical response to treatment. This was accomplished despite the additional complexity of the patient having a synchronous breast cancer. The levels of ctDNA showed a superior correlation to the clinical outcome compared with the radiological evaluations. Our data propose a promising approach for personalized biomarker analysis to monitor treatment in angiosarcomas, with potential applicability to other cancers and for patients with synchronous malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Vannas
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Mandy Escobar
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
| | - Tobias Österlund
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Andersson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
| | - Pia Mouhanna
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Oncology, Ryhov County Hospital, 55185 Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Amanda Soomägi
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
| | - Claes Molin
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - David Wennergren
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.E.); (T.Ö.); (D.A.); (P.M.); (A.S.); (H.F.)
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Petterson J, Mustafa D, Bandaru S, Eklund EÄ, Hallqvist A, Sayin VI, Gagné A, Fagman H, Akyürek LM. Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma In Situ and Minimally Invasive Adenocarcinomas in European Patients Have Less KRAS and More EGFR Mutations Compared to Advanced Adenocarcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2959. [PMID: 38474205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary adenocarcinoma (ADC) is a very diverse disease, both genetically and histologically, which displays extensive intratumor heterogeneity with numerous acquired mutations. ADC is the most common type of lung cancer and is believed to arise from adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) which then progresses to minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA). In patients of European ethnicity, we analyzed genetic mutations in AIS (n = 10) and MIA (n = 18) and compared the number of genetic mutations with advanced ADC (n = 2419). Using next-generation sequencing, the number of different mutations detected in both AIS (87.5%) and MIA (94.5%) were higher (p < 0.001) than in advanced ADC (53.7%). In contrast to the high number of mutations in Kirsten rat sarcoma virus gene (KRAS) in advanced ADC (34.6%), there was only one case of AIS with KRAS G12C mutation (3.5%; p < 0.001) and no cases of MIA with KRAS mutation (p < 0.001). In contrast to the modest prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in advanced ADC (15.0%), the fraction of EGFR mutant cases was higher in both in AIS (22.2%) and MIA (59.5%; p < 0.001). The EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation was more common in both MIA (50%; n = 6/12) and ADC (41%; n = 149/363), whereas p.L858R was more prevalent in AIS (75%; n = 3/4). In contrast to pulmonary advanced ADC, KRAS driver mutations are less common, whereas mutations in EGFR are more common, in detectable AIS and MIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Petterson
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Västra Götalandsregionen, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dyar Mustafa
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sashidar Bandaru
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Västra Götalandsregionen, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ella Äng Eklund
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Västra Götalandsregionen, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Hallqvist
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Västra Götalandsregionen, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andréanne Gagné
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Västra Götalandsregionen, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Levent M Akyürek
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Västra Götalandsregionen, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Devarakonda S, Thorsell A, Hedenström P, Rezapour A, Heden L, Banerjee S, Johansson MEV, Birchenough G, Toft Morén A, Gustavsson K, Skokic V, Pettersson VL, Sjöberg F, Kalm M, Al Masri M, Ekh M, Fagman H, Wolving M, Perkins R, Morales RA, Castillo F, Villablanca EJ, Yrlid U, Bergmark K, Steineck G, Bull C. Low-grade intestinal inflammation two decades after pelvic radiotherapy. EBioMedicine 2023; 94:104691. [PMID: 37480626 PMCID: PMC10393618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is effective in the treatment of cancer but also causes damage to non-cancerous tissue. Pelvic radiotherapy may produce chronic and debilitating bowel symptoms, yet the underlying pathophysiology is still undefined. Most notably, although pelvic radiotherapy causes an acute intestinal inflammation there is no consensus on whether the late-phase pathophysiology contains an inflammatory component or not. To address this knowledge gap, we examined the potential presence of a chronic inflammation in mucosal biopsies from irradiated pelvic cancer survivors. METHODS We biopsied 24 cancer survivors two to 20 years after pelvic radiotherapy, and four non-irradiated controls. Using tandem mass tag (TMT) mass spectrometry and mRNA sequencing (mRNA-seq), we charted proteomic and transcriptomic profiles of the mucosal tissue previously exposed to a high or a low/no dose of radiation. Changes in the immune cell populations were determined with flow cytometry. The integrity of the protective mucus layers were determined by permeability analysis and 16S rRNA bacterial detection. FINDINGS 942 proteins were differentially expressed in mucosa previously exposed to a high radiation dose compared to a low radiation dose. The data suggested a chronic low-grade inflammation with neutrophil activity, which was confirmed by mRNA-seq and flow cytometry and further supported by findings of a weakened mucus barrier with bacterial infiltration. INTERPRETATION Our results challenge the idea that pelvic radiotherapy causes an acute intestinal inflammation that either heals or turns fibrotic without progression to chronic inflammation. This provides a rationale for exploring novel strategies to mitigate chronic bowel symptoms in pelvic cancer survivors. FUNDING This study was supported by the King Gustav V Jubilee Clinic Cancer Foundation (CB), The Adlerbertska Research Foundation (CB), The Swedish Cancer Society (GS), The Swedish State under the ALF agreement (GS and CB), Mary von Sydow's foundation (MA and VP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sravani Devarakonda
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Annika Thorsell
- Proteomics Core Facility, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Hedenström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Azar Rezapour
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisen Heden
- Pelvic Cancer Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sanghita Banerjee
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin E V Johansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - George Birchenough
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amelie Toft Morén
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Gustavsson
- Pelvic Cancer Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Viktor Skokic
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Department of Pelvic Cancer, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victor L Pettersson
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fei Sjöberg
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marie Kalm
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Al Masri
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michaela Ekh
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg and Department of Clinical Patology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Wolving
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Rosie Perkins
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo A Morales
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francisca Castillo
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eduardo J Villablanca
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulf Yrlid
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Bergmark
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Steineck
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Bull
- Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Schoultz E, Liang S, Carlsson T, Filges S, Ståhlberg A, Fagman H, Wiel C, Sayin V, Nilsson M. Tissue specificity of oncogenic BRAF targeted to lung and thyroid through a shared lineage factor. iScience 2023; 26:107071. [PMID: 37534159 PMCID: PMC10391731 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells of origin in cancer determine tumor phenotypes, but whether lineage-defining transcription factors might influence tissue specificity of tumorigenesis among organs with similar developmental traits are unknown. We demonstrate here that tumor development and progression markedly differ in lung and thyroid targeted by Braf mutation in Nkx2.1CreERT2 mice heterozygous for Nkx2-1. In absence of tamoxifen, non-induced Nkx2.1CreERT2;BrafCA/+ mutants developed multiple full-blown lung adenocarcinomas with a latency of 1-3 months whereas thyroid tumors were rare and constrained, although minute BrafCA activation documented by variant allele sequencing was similar in both tissues. Induced oncogene activation accelerated neoplastic growth only in the lungs. By contrast, NKX2-1+ progenitor cells were equally responsive to constitutive expression of mutant Braf during lung and thyroid development. Both lung and thyroid cells transiently downregulated NKX2-1 in early tumor stages. These results indicate that BRAFV600E-induced tumorigenesis obey organ-specific traits that might be differentially modified by a shared lineage factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Schoultz
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Shawn Liang
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Therese Carlsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Filges
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Göteborg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Clotilde Wiel
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Volkan Sayin
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
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6
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Wadensten E, Wessman S, Abel F, Diaz De Ståhl T, Tesi B, Orsmark Pietras C, Arvidsson L, Taylan F, Fransson S, Vogt H, Poluha A, Pradhananga S, Hellberg M, Lagerstedt-Robinson K, Raj Somarajan P, Samuelsson S, Orrsjö S, Maqbool K, Henning K, Strid T, Ek T, Fagman H, Olsson Bontell T, Martinsson T, Puls F, Kogner P, Wirta V, Pronk CJ, Wille J, Rosenquist R, Nistér M, Mertens F, Sabel M, Norén-Nyström U, Grillner P, Nordgren A, Ljungman G, Sandgren J, Gisselsson D. Diagnostic Yield From a Nationwide Implementation of Precision Medicine for all Children With Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300039. [PMID: 37384868 PMCID: PMC10581599 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Several studies have indicated that broad genomic characterization of childhood cancer provides diagnostically and/or therapeutically relevant information in selected high-risk cases. However, the extent to which such characterization offers clinically actionable data in a prospective broadly inclusive setting remains largely unexplored. METHODS We implemented prospective whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of tumor and germline, complemented by whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) for all children diagnosed with a primary or relapsed solid malignancy in Sweden. Multidisciplinary molecular tumor boards were set up to integrate genomic data in the clinical decision process along with a medicolegal framework enabling secondary use of sequencing data for research purposes. RESULTS During the study's first 14 months, 118 solid tumors from 117 patients were subjected to WGS, with complementary RNA-Seq for fusion gene detection in 52 tumors. There was no significant geographic bias in patient enrollment, and the included tumor types reflected the annual national incidence of pediatric solid tumor types. Of the 112 tumors with somatic mutations, 106 (95%) exhibited alterations with a clear clinical correlation. In 46 of 118 tumors (39%), sequencing only corroborated histopathological diagnoses, while in 59 cases (50%), it contributed to additional subclassification or detection of prognostic markers. Potential treatment targets were found in 31 patients (26%), most commonly ALK mutations/fusions (n = 4), RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway mutations (n = 14), FGFR1 mutations/fusions (n = 5), IDH1 mutations (n = 2), and NTRK2 gene fusions (n = 2). In one patient, the tumor diagnosis was revised based on sequencing. Clinically relevant germline variants were detected in 8 of 94 patients (8.5%). CONCLUSION Up-front, large-scale genomic characterization of pediatric solid malignancies provides diagnostically valuable data in the majority of patients also in a largely unselected cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Wadensten
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Services, Region Skåne, University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C13, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandra Wessman
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frida Abel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Bianca Tesi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Orsmark Pietras
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Services, Region Skåne, University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C13, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Arvidsson
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Services, Region Skåne, University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C13, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Susanne Fransson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hartmut Vogt
- Crown Princess Victoria's Child and Youth Hospital in Linköping, and Division of Children's and Women's Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Poluha
- Clinical Genetics, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sailendra Pradhananga
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Services, Region Skåne, University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Hellberg
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Services, Region Skåne, University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Lagerstedt-Robinson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Sofie Samuelsson
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Services, Region Skåne, University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C13, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Orrsjö
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Khurram Maqbool
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Stockholm, Science Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Karin Henning
- Section for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department for Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias Strid
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Torben Ek
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
- Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Thomas Olsson Bontell
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tommy Martinsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Florian Puls
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Section for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valtteri Wirta
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Clinical Genomics Stockholm, Science Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
- Genomic Medicine Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Clinical Genomics Stockholm, Science Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Joakim Wille
- Childhood Cancer Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Genomic Medicine Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monica Nistér
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Services, Region Skåne, University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C13, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sabel
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg
- Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Pernilla Grillner
- Section for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Ljungman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Uppsala University Children's Hospital, 751 35 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna Sandgren
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Gisselsson
- Section of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Medical Services, Region Skåne, University Hospital, SE-22185, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, BMC C13, SE-221 84, Lund, Sweden
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7
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Puls F, Carter JM, Pillay N, McCulloch TA, Sumathi VP, Rissler P, Fagman H, Hansson M, Amary F, Tirabosco R, Magnusson L, Nilsson J, Flanagan AM, Folpe AL, Mertens F. Overlapping morphological, immunohistochemical and genetic features of superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor and PRDM10-rearranged soft tissue tumor. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:767-776. [PMID: 34969957 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SCD34FT) is a recently recognized soft tissue tumor that is considered to be of borderline malignancy. The pathogenesis of this tumor remains incompletely understood, but it has been suggested that SCD34FT overlaps with tumors showing fusions involving the PRDM10 gene. Previous analyses of PRDM10-rearranged tumors have demonstrated that they have a distinct gene expression profile, resulting in high expression of CADM3 (also known as SynCam3), which can be detected immunohistochemically. Here, we investigated a series (n = 43) of SCD34FT or PRDM10-rearranged tumors and potential mimics (n = 226) with regard to morphological, genetic, and immunohistochemical features. The results show that SCD34FT and PRDM10-rearranged tumor are morphologically indistinguishable; 41 of 43 tumors of both entities are CADM3-positive. Hence, we suggest that they constitute a single entity, preferably referred to as SCD34FT. Expression of CADM3 was only rarely seen in other soft tissue tumors, except in tumors with Schwann cell differentiation. Thus, IHC for CADM3, in combination with the characteristic morphological features, is a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis of SCD34FT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Puls
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Jodi M Carter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Nischalan Pillay
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, UK.,Research Department of Pathology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Thomas A McCulloch
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NUH, Nottingham, UK
| | - Vaiyapuri P Sumathi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Pehr Rissler
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, University and Regional Laboratories, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hansson
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fernanda Amary
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, UK
| | - Roberto Tirabosco
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, UK
| | - Linda Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, UK.,Research Department of Pathology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Andrew L Folpe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, University and Regional Laboratories, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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8
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Eklund EA, Wiel C, Fagman H, Akyürek LM, Raghavan S, Nyman J, Hallqvist A, Sayin VI. KRAS Mutations Impact Clinical Outcome in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092063. [PMID: 35565194 PMCID: PMC9103674 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify new predictive biomarkers for treatment response to both platinum doublet chemotherapy (PT) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here, we evaluated whether treatment outcome could be affected by KRAS mutational status in patients with metastatic (Stage IV) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). All consecutive patients molecularly assessed and diagnosed between 2016−2018 with Stage IV NSCLC in the region of West Sweden were included in this multi-center retrospective study. The primary study outcome was overall survival (OS). Out of 580 Stage IV NSCLC patients, 35.5% harbored an activating mutation in the KRAS gene (KRASMUT). Compared to KRAS wild-type (KRASWT), KRASMUT was a negative factor for OS (p = 0.014). On multivariate analysis, KRASMUT persisted as a negative factor for OS (HR 1.478, 95% CI 1.207−1.709, p < 0.001). When treated with first-line platinum doublet (n = 195), KRASMUT was a negative factor for survival (p = 0.018), with median OS of 9 months vs. KRASWT at 11 months. On multivariate analysis, KRASMUT persisted as a negative factor for OS (HR 1.564, 95% CI 1.124−2.177, p = 0.008). KRASMUT patients with high PD-L1 expression (PD-L1high) had better OS than PD-L1highKRASWT patients (p = 0.036). In response to first-line ICB, KRASMUT patients had a significantly (p = 0.006) better outcome than KRASWT patients, with a median OS of 23 vs. 6 months. On multivariable Cox analysis, KRASMUT status was an independent prognostic factor for better OS (HR 0.349, 95% CI 0.148−0.822, p = 0.016). kRAS mutations are associated with better response to treatment with immune checkpoint blockade and worse response to platinum doublet chemotherapy as well as shorter general OS in Stage IV NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella A. Eklund
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.A.E.); (C.W.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Clotilde Wiel
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.A.E.); (C.W.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (H.F.); (L.M.A.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Levent M. Akyürek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (H.F.); (L.M.A.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sukanya Raghavan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Jan Nyman
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.N.); (A.H.)
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Hallqvist
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.N.); (A.H.)
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Volkan I. Sayin
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.A.E.); (C.W.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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9
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Appelstrand A, Bergstedt F, Elf AK, Fagman H, Hedenström P. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided side-fenestrated needle biopsy sampling is sensitive for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors but inadequate for tumor grading: a prospective study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5971. [PMID: 35396490 PMCID: PMC8993931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate pretreatment grading of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) is important to guide patient management. We aimed to evaluate endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsy sampling (EUS-FNB) for the preoperative diagnosis and grading of PanNETs. In a tertiary-center setting, patients with suspected PanNETs were prospectively subjected to 22-gauge, reverse-bevel EUS-FNB. The EUS-FNB samples (Ki-67EUS) and corresponding surgical specimens (Ki-67SURG) were analyzed with Ki-67 indexing and thereafter tumor grading, (GRADEEUS) and (GRADESURG) respectively. In total 52 PanNET-patients [median age: 66 years; females: 25/52; surgical resection 22/52 (42%)] were included. EUS-FNB was diagnostic in 44/52 (85%). In 42 available FNB-slides, the median neoplastic cell count was 1034 (IQR: 504-3667) with 32/42 (76%), 22/42 (52%), and 14/42 (33%) cases exceeding 500, 1000, and 2000 neoplastic cells respectively. Ki-67SURG was significantly higher compared to Ki-67EUS with a moderate correlation comparing Ki-67EUS and Ki-67SURG (Pearson r = 0.60, r2 = 0.36, p = 0.011). The GRADEEUS had a weak level of agreement (κ = 0.08) compared with GRADESURG. Only 2/12 (17%) G2-tumors were correctly graded in EUS-FNB-samples. EUS-guided fine needle biopsy sampling is sensitive for preoperative diagnosis of PanNET but biopsy quality is relatively poor. Therefore, the approach seems suboptimal for pretreatment grading of PanNET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Appelstrand
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Bergstedt
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Elf
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Hedenström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Division of Medical Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Medicinmottagningen, Sahlgrenska Sjukhuset, Blå Stråket 3, 413 35, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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10
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Lindén M, Vannas C, Österlund T, Andersson L, Osman A, Escobar M, Fagman H, Ståhlberg A, Åman P. FET fusion oncoproteins interact with BRD4 and SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex subtypes in sarcoma. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:2470-2495. [PMID: 35182012 PMCID: PMC9251840 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
FET fusion oncoproteins containing one of the FET (FUS, EWSR1, TAF15) family proteins juxtaposed to alternative transcription‐factor partners are characteristic of more than 20 types of sarcoma and leukaemia. FET oncoproteins bind to the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex, which exists in three subtypes: cBAF, PBAF and GBAF/ncBAF. We used comprehensive biochemical analysis to characterize the interactions between FET oncoproteins, SWI/SNF complexes and the transcriptional coactivator BRD4. Here, we report that FET oncoproteins bind all three main SWI/SNF subtypes cBAF, PBAF and GBAF, and that FET oncoproteins interact indirectly with BRD4 via their shared interaction partner SWI/SNF. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and proteomic analysis showed that FET oncoproteins, SWI/SNF components and BRD4 co‐localize on chromatin and interact with mediator and RNA Polymerase II. Our results provide a possible molecular mechanism for the FET‐fusion‐induced oncogenic transcriptional profiles and may lead to novel therapies targeting aberrant SWI/SNF complexes and/or BRD4 in FET‐fusion‐caused malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Lindén
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Vannas
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Österlund
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa Andersson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ayman Osman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mandy Escobar
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pierre Åman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
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11
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Schoultz E, Johansson E, Moccia C, Jakubikova I, Ravi N, Liang S, Carlsson T, Montelius M, Patyra K, Kero J, Paulsson K, Fagman H, Bergo MO, Nilsson M. Tissue architecture delineates field cancerization in BRAFV600E-induced tumor development. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm048887. [PMID: 34379110 PMCID: PMC8380047 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells hijack developmental growth mechanisms but whether tissue morphogenesis and architecture modify tumorigenesis is unknown. Here, we characterized a new mouse model of sporadic thyroid carcinogenesis based on inducible expression of BRAF carrying a Val600 Glu (V600E) point mutation (BRAFV600E) from the thyroglobulin promoter (TgCreERT2). Spontaneous activation of this Braf-mutant allele due to leaky activity of the Cre recombinase revealed that intrinsic properties of thyroid follicles determined BRAF-mutant cell fate. Papillary thyroid carcinomas developed multicentrically within a normal microenvironment. Each tumor originated from a single follicle that provided a confined space for growth of a distinct tumor phenotype. Lineage tracing revealed oligoclonal tumor development in infancy and early selection of BRAFV600E kinase inhibitor-resistant clones. Somatic mutations were few, non-recurrent and limited to advanced tumors. Female mice developed larger tumors than males, reproducing the gender difference of human thyroid cancer. These data indicate that BRAFV600E-induced tumorigenesis is spatiotemporally regulated depending on the maturity and heterogeneity of follicles. Moreover, thyroid tissue organization seems to determine whether a BRAF-mutant lineage becomes a cancerized lineage. The TgCreERT2;BrafCA/+ sporadic thyroid cancer mouse model provides a new tool to evaluate drug therapy at different stages of tumor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Schoultz
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ellen Johansson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Carmen Moccia
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Iva Jakubikova
- Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Naveen Ravi
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Shawn Liang
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Therese Carlsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Montelius
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, SE-41345 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Konrad Patyra
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Turku, Åbo FI-20521, Finland
| | - Jukka Kero
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Turku, Åbo FI-20521, Finland
| | - Kajsa Paulsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund SE-22184, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg SE-41345, Sweden
| | - Martin O. Bergo
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge SE-14183, Sweden
| | - Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
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12
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Johansson G, Berndsen M, Lindskog S, Österlund T, Fagman H, Muth A, Ståhlberg A. Monitoring Circulating Tumor DNA During Surgical Treatment in Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:2568-2576. [PMID: 34552011 PMCID: PMC9398151 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The majority of patients diagnosed with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are successfully treated with a combination of surgery and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, it remains challenging to monitor treatment efficacy and identify relapse early. Here, we utilized a sequencing strategy based on molecular barcodes and developed a GIST-specific panel to monitor tumor-specific and TKI resistance mutations in cell-free DNA and applied the approach to patients undergoing surgical treatment. Thirty-two patients with GISTs were included, and 161 blood plasma samples were collected and analyzed at routine visits before and after surgery and at the beginning, during, and after surgery. Patients were included regardless of their risk category. Our GIST-specific sequencing approach allowed detection of tumor-specific mutations and TKI resistance mutations with mutant allele frequency < 0.1%. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was detected in at least one timepoint in nine of 32 patients, ranging from 0.04% to 93% in mutant allele frequency. High-risk patients were more often ctDNA positive than other risk groups (P < 0.05). Patients with detectable ctDNA also displayed higher tumor cell proliferation rates (P < 0.01) and larger tumor sizes (P < 0.01). All patients who were ctDNA positive during surgery became negative after surgery. Finally, in two patients who progressed on TKI treatment, we detected multiple resistance mutations. Our data show that ctDNA may become a clinically useful biomarker in monitoring treatment efficacy in patients with high-risk GISTs and can assist in treatment decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Johansson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marta Berndsen
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Section of Endocrine and Sarcoma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Lindskog
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Section of Endocrine and Sarcoma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Surgery, Halland Regional Hospital Varberg, Region Halland, Varberg, Sweden
| | - Tobias Österlund
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Muth
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Section of Endocrine and Sarcoma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Corresponding Authors: Anders Ståhlberg, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, Gothenburg 405 30, Sweden. E-mail: ; and Andreas Muth, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden. E-mail:
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Region Västra Götaland, Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Corresponding Authors: Anders Ståhlberg, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Box 425, Gothenburg 405 30, Sweden. E-mail: ; and Andreas Muth, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden. E-mail:
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13
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Bram Ednersson S, Stern M, Fagman H, Nilsson-Ehle H, Hasselblom S, Thorsell A, Andersson PO. Proteomic analysis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identifies dysregulated tumor microenvironment proteins in non-GCB/ABC subtype patients. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:2360-2373. [PMID: 34114929 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1913147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of the activated B-cell like (ABC) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) subtype is probably not only explained by genetic alterations and methods to measure global protein expression could bring new knowledge regarding the pathophysiology. We used quantitative proteomics to analyze the global protein expression of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissues from 202 DLBCL patients. We identified 6430 proteins and 498 were significantly regulated between the germinal center B-cell like (GCB) and non-GCB groups. A number of proteins previously not described to be upregulated in non-GCB or ABC DLBCL was found, e.g. CD64, CD85A, guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP1), interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeat (IFIT)2, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) and immunohistochemical staining showed higher expression of GBP1 and MLKL. A cluster analysis revealed that the most prominent cluster contained proteins involved in the tumor microenvironment and regulation of the immune system. Our data suggest that the therapeutic focus should be expanded toward the tumor microenvironment in non-GCB/ABC subtype patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Bram Ednersson
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mimmie Stern
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Herman Nilsson-Ehle
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Section of Hematology and Coagulation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sverker Hasselblom
- Department of Research, Development & Education, Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Annika Thorsell
- Proteomics Core Facility, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Andersson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Edsjö A, Palmqvist R, Haglund F, Helenius G, Lindqvist O, Fagman H, Botling J. [Molecular pathology - the key to precision oncology]. Lakartidningen 2021; 118:20209. [PMID: 33973224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapidly expanding knowledge of the molecular landscape of cancers has resulted in the implementation of an increasing number of specific therapies targeted at tumors with specific molecular aberrations. In response to this development, new tools for predictive testing for molecular targets need to be implemented in routine health care. To achieve robust future molecular diagnostic pathology, and equal opportunity for patients to qualify for targeted therapy, the national working group for Solid Tumors in the initiative Genomic Medicine Sweden (GMS) aims to implement regional and national platforms for comprehensive genomic tumor profiling and linked analysis pipelines. Novel IT-infrastrucutures and recruitment of bioinformaticians and molecular biologists to hospital labotatories are paramount. The infrastructure will allow wider inclusion into clinical trials and supplement the national cancer registries with molecular »real world data« for research and evaluation of implemented cancer therapies and diagnostic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Edsjö
- PhD, överläkare, klinisk genetik och patologi,, Skånes universitetssjukhus; Lunds universitet
| | | | - Felix Haglund
- docent, specialistläkare, klinisk patologi och cytologi, Karolinska universitetssjukhuset; Karolinska institutet
| | - Gisela Helenius
- docent, Universitetssjukhuset Örebro, Region Örebro län; Örebro universitet
| | - Oscar Lindqvist
- specialistläkare, klinisk patologi och cytologi, Universitetssjukhuset i Linköping
| | - Henrik Fagman
- universitetslektor, specialistläkare, Sahlgrenska universitetssjukhuset; Göteborgs universitet
| | - Johan Botling
- docent, överläkare, klinisk patologi, Akademiska sjukhuset; Uppsala universitet
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15
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Deland L, Keane S, Olsson Bontell T, Sjögren H, Fagman H, Øra I, De La Cuesta E, Tisell M, Nilsson JA, Ejeskär K, Sabel M, Abel F. Discovery of a rare GKAP1-NTRK2 fusion in a pediatric low-grade glioma, leading to targeted treatment with TRK-inhibitor larotrectinib. Cancer Biol Ther 2021; 22:184-195. [PMID: 33820494 PMCID: PMC8043191 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2021.1899573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report a case of an 11-year-old girl with an inoperable tumor in the optic chiasm/hypothalamus, who experienced several tumor progressions despite three lines of chemotherapy treatment. Routine clinical examination classified the tumor as a BRAF-negative pilocytic astrocytoma. Copy-number variation profiling of fresh frozen tumor material identified two duplications in 9q21.32–33 leading to breakpoints within the GKAP1 and NTRK2 genes. RT-PCR Sanger sequencing revealed a GKAP1-NTRK2 exon 10–16 in-frame fusion, generating a putative fusion protein of 658 amino acids with a retained tyrosine kinase (TK) domain. Functional analysis by transient transfection of HEK293 cells showed the GKAP1-NTRK2 fusion protein to be activated through phosphorylation of the TK domain (Tyr705). Subsequently, downstream mediators of the MAPK- and PI3K-signaling pathways were upregulated in GKAP1-NTRK2 cells compared to NTRK2 wild-type; phosphorylated (p)ERK (3.6-fold), pAKT (1.8- fold), and pS6 ribosomal protein (1.4-fold). Following these findings, the patient was enrolled in a clinical trial and treated with the specific TRK-inhibitor larotrectinib, resulting in the arrest of tumor growth. The patient’s condition is currently stable and the quality of life has improved significantly. Our findings highlight the value of comprehensive clinical molecular screening of BRAF-negative pediatric low-grade gliomas, to reveal rare fusions serving as targets for precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Deland
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simon Keane
- Translational Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Thomas Olsson Bontell
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Helene Sjögren
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Øra
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,HOPE/ITCC Phase I/II Trial Unit, Pediatric Oncology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Esther De La Cuesta
- Pharmaceuticals, Global Medical Affairs - Oncology, Bayer U.S., Whippany, USA
| | - Magnus Tisell
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas A Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katarina Ejeskär
- Translational Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sabel
- Childhood Cancer Centre, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Frida Abel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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16
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Johansson E, Liang S, Moccia C, Carlsson T, Andersson D, Fagman H, Nilsson M. Asynchrony of Apical Polarization, Luminogenesis, and Functional Differentiation in the Developing Thyroid Gland. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:760541. [PMID: 34975747 PMCID: PMC8719337 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.760541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular thyroid tissue originates from progenitors derived from a midline endodermal primordium. Current understanding infers that folliculogenesis in the embryonic thyroid designates the latest morphogenetic event taking place after the final anatomical shape and position of the gland is established. However, this concept does not consider the fact that the thyroid isthmus develops chronologically before the lobes and also contains all progenitors required for lobulation. To elucidate whether cells committed to a thyroid fate might be triggered to differentiate asynchronously related to maturation and developmental stage, mouse embryonic thyroid tissues from E12.5-17.5 were subjected to immunofluorescent labeling of biomarkers (progenitors: NKX2-1; differentiation: thyroglobulin/TG); folliculogenesis: E-cadherin/CDH1; luminogenesis: mucin 1/MUC1; apical polarity: pericentrin/PCNT; basement membrane: laminin; growth: Ki67), quantitative RT-PCR analysis (Nkx2.1, Tg, Muc1) and transmission electron microscopy. Tg expression was detectable as early as E12.5 and gradually increased >1000-fold until E17.5. Muc1 and Nkx2.1 transcript levels increased in the same time interval. Prior to lobulation (E12.5-13.5), MUC1 and TG distinguished pre-follicular from progenitor cells in the developing isthmus characterized by intense cell proliferation. Luminogenesis comprised redistribution of MUC1+ vesicles or vacuoles, transiently associated with PCNT, to the apical cytoplasm and the subsequent formation of MUC1+ nascent lumens. Apical polarization of pre-follicular cells and lumen initiation involved submembraneous vesicular traffic, reorganization of adherens junctions and ciliogenesis. MUC1 did not co-localize with TG until a lumen with a MUC1+ apical membrane was established. MUC1 delineated the lumen of all newly formed follicles encountered in the developing lobes at E15.5-17.5. Folliculogenesis started before establishment of a complete follicular basal lamina. These observations indicate that embryonic thyroid differentiation is an asynchronous process consistent with the idea that progenitors attaining a stationary position in the connecting isthmus portion undergo apical polarization and generate follicles already at a primordial stage of thyroid development, i.e. foregoing growth of the lobes. Although the thyroid isthmus eventually comprises minute amounts of the total thyroid volume and contributes little to the overall hormone production, it is of principal interest that local cues related to the residence status of cells - independently of a prevailing high multiplication rate - govern the thyroid differentiation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Johansson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Shawn Liang
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Carmen Moccia
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Therese Carlsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Andersson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Mikael Nilsson,
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17
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Vannas C, Bjursten S, Filges S, Fagman H, Ståhlberg A, Levin M. Dynamic ctDNA evaluation of a patient with BRAFV600E metastatic melanoma demonstrates the utility of ctDNA for disease monitoring and tumor clonality analysis. Acta Oncol 2020; 59:1388-1392. [PMID: 32772605 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2020.1802064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Vannas
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S. Bjursten
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S. Filges
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H. Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A. Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center for Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M. Levin
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Ednersson SB, Stern M, Fagman H, Nilsson-Ehle H, Hasselblom S, Andersson PO. TBLR1 and CREBBP as potential novel prognostic immunohistochemical biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:2595-2604. [PMID: 32546039 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1775216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified prognostic mutational clusters for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, both within and outside the original cell-of-origin (COO) classification. For many of these mutations, there is limited information regarding the corresponding protein expression. With the aim to determine the relationship of protein expression and intensity to COO and prognosis, we used digital image analysis to quantitate immunohistochemical staining of CREBBP, IRF8, EZH2, and TBLR1 in 209 DLBCL patients. We found that patients with strong nuclear expression of TBLR1 had inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in univariable analysis and inferior PFS in multivariable analysis. Patients with higher proportion of intermediate to strong nuclear CREBBP expression had a worse PFS and OS in univariable analysis. CREBBP was expressed with stronger intensity in non-GCB patients and the prognostic impact was restricted to this subgroup. These findings suggest that high nuclear protein expression of TBLR1 and CREBBP is negatively associated with prognosis in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Bram Ednersson
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mimmie Stern
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Herman Nilsson-Ehle
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Section of Hematology and Coagulation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sverker Hasselblom
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Research, Development & Education, Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Andersson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Andersson D, Fagman H, Dalin MG, Ståhlberg A. Circulating cell-free tumor DNA analysis in pediatric cancers. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 72:100819. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Bjursten S, Vannas C, Filges S, Puls F, Pandita A, Fagman H, Ståhlberg A, Levin M. Response to BRAF/MEK Inhibition in A598_T599insV BRAF Mutated Melanoma. Case Rep Oncol 2019; 12:872-879. [PMID: 31824282 DOI: 10.1159/000504291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 50% of patients with metastatic melanoma harbor an activating BRAF mutation. Tumors with activating mutation BRAF gene proliferate excessively and can be treated with targeted BRAF-inhibitors in combination with MEK inhibitors. The most common BRAF mutation occurs at amino acid position 600. Other BRAF mutations are rare and their predictive value for treatment response to BRAF/MEK inhibition is low. Here, we report on a patient with a BRAF A598_T599insV mutated melanoma, a mutation that has only been described in one previous melanoma patient in which the treatment response to BRAF/MEK inhibition was transient. Our patient had a large ulcerated metastasis that showed a durable complete response implying that BRAF/MEK inhibition should be considered a treatment option for this mutation. We analyzed circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) carrying the BRAF A598_T599insV mutation throughout treatment. The allele frequency of BRAF A598_T599insV decreased during regression of the tumors, indicating that this method has potential to monitor treatment response. Our case demonstrates durable response to BRAF/MEK inhibition in a melanoma patient carrying a BRAF A598_T599insV mutation. In addition, we show that allele frequency analysis of A598_T599insV mutation in blood using ultrasensitive sequencing can be used to monitor treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bjursten
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Vannas
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Filges
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Florian Puls
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ankur Pandita
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Max Levin
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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21
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Piarulli G, Puls F, Wängberg B, Fagman H, Hansson M, Nilsson J, Arbajian E, Mertens F. Gene fusion involving the insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor in an
ALK
‐negative inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. Histopathology 2019; 74:1098-1102. [DOI: 10.1111/his.13839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Piarulli
- Division of Clinical Genetics Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Florian Puls
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics Sahlgrenska University Hospital GothenburgSweden
| | - Bo Wängberg
- Department of Surgery Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics Sahlgrenska University Hospital GothenburgSweden
| | - Magnus Hansson
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics Sahlgrenska University Hospital GothenburgSweden
| | - Jenny Nilsson
- Division of Clinical Genetics Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Elsa Arbajian
- Division of Clinical Genetics Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Division of Clinical Genetics Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology Division of Laboratory Medicine Lund Sweden
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22
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Lindén M, Thomsen C, Grundevik P, Jonasson E, Andersson D, Runnberg R, Dolatabadi S, Vannas C, Luna Santamarίa M, Fagman H, Ståhlberg A, Åman P. FET family fusion oncoproteins target the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:embr.201845766. [PMID: 30962207 PMCID: PMC6500973 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201845766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the human FET family of RNA‐binding proteins, comprising FUS, EWSR1, and TAF15, are ubiquitously expressed and engage at several levels of gene regulation. Many sarcomas and leukemias are characterized by the expression of fusion oncogenes with FET genes as 5′ partners and alternative transcription factor‐coding genes as 3′ partners. Here, we report that the N terminus of normal FET proteins and their oncogenic fusion counterparts interact with the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. In contrast to normal FET proteins, increased fractions of FET oncoproteins bind SWI/SNF, indicating a deregulated and enhanced interaction in cancer. Forced expression of FET oncogenes caused changes of global H3K27 trimethylation levels, accompanied by altered gene expression patterns suggesting a shift in the antagonistic balance between SWI/SNF and repressive polycomb group complexes. Thus, deregulation of SWI/SNF activity could provide a unifying pathogenic mechanism for the large group of tumors caused by FET fusion oncoproteins. These results may help to develop common strategies for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin Lindén
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Thomsen
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Grundevik
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Jonasson
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Andersson
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rikard Runnberg
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Soheila Dolatabadi
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Vannas
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Manuel Luna Santamarίa
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden .,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pierre Åman
- Department of Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden .,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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23
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Puls F, Pillay N, Fagman H, Palin-Masreliez A, Amary F, Hansson M, Kindblom LG, McCulloch TA, Meligonis G, Muc R, Rissler P, Sumathi VP, Tirabosco R, Hofvander J, Magnusson L, Nilsson J, Flanagan AM, Mertens F. PRDM10-rearranged Soft Tissue Tumor: A Clinicopathologic Study of 9 Cases. Am J Surg Pathol 2019; 43:504-513. [PMID: 30570551 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene fusion transcripts containing PRDM10 were recently identified in low-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas (UPS). Here, we describe the morphologic and clinical features of 9 such tumors from 5 men and 4 women (age: 20 to 61 y). Three cases had previously been diagnosed as UPS, 3 as superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SCD34FT), 2 as pleomorphic liposarcoma, and 1 as pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor. The tumors were located in the superficial and deep soft tissues of the thigh/knee region (4 cases), shoulder (2 cases), foot, trunk, and perineum (1 case each) ranging in size from 1 to 6 cm. All showed poorly defined cellular fascicles of pleomorphic cells within a fibrous stroma with frequent myxoid change and a prominent inflammatory infiltrate. All displayed highly pleomorphic nuclear features, but a low mitotic count. Most tumors were well circumscribed. One of 9 tumors recurred locally, but none metastasized. Immunohistochemically, all were CD34 and showed nuclear positivity for PRDM10; focal positivity for cytokeratins was seen in 5/6 cases. PRDM10 immunoreactivity was evaluated in 50 soft tissue tumors that could mimic PRDM10-rearranged tumors, including 4 cases exhibiting histologic features within the spectrum of SCD34FT. Except for 2/6 pleomorphic liposarcomas and 1/4 myxofibrosarcomas, other tumors did not show nuclear positivity but displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic immunoreactivity. In conclusion, PRDM10-rearranged soft tissue tumor is characterized by pleomorphic morphology and a low mitotic count. Its morphologic spectrum overlaps with SCD34FT. Clinical features of this small series suggest an indolent behavior, justifying its distinction from UPS and other sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Puls
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Nischalan Pillay
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore
- Research Department of Pathology, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Anne Palin-Masreliez
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Fernanda Amary
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore
| | - Magnus Hansson
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Lars-Gunnar Kindblom
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg
| | - Tom A McCulloch
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham
| | | | - Ronald Muc
- Department of Histopathology, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham
| | - Pehr Rissler
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, University and Regional Laboratories, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University
| | - Vaiyapuri P Sumathi
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pathology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Roberto Tirabosco
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore
| | - Jakob Hofvander
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore
- Research Department of Pathology, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, University and Regional Laboratories, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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24
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Dolatabadi S, Jonasson E, Lindén M, Fereydouni B, Bäcksten K, Nilsson M, Martner A, Forootan A, Fagman H, Landberg G, Åman P, Ståhlberg A. JAK-STAT signalling controls cancer stem cell properties including chemotherapy resistance in myxoid liposarcoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:435-449. [PMID: 30650179 PMCID: PMC6590236 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) shows extensive intratumoural heterogeneity with distinct subpopulations of tumour cells. Despite improved survival of MLS patients, existing therapies have shortcomings as they fail to target all tumour cells. The nature of chemotherapy‐resistant cells in MLS remains unknown. Here, we show that MLS cell lines contained subpopulations of cells that can form spheres, efflux Hoechst dye and resist doxorubicin, all properties attributed to cancer stem cells (CSCs). By single‐cell gene expression, western blot, phospho‐kinase array, immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and microarray analysis we showed that a subset of MLS cells expressed JAK–STAT genes with active signalling. JAK1/2 inhibition via ruxolitinib decreased, while stimulation with LIF increased, phosphorylation of STAT3 and the number of cells with CSC properties indicating that JAK–STAT signalling controlled the number of cells with CSC features. We also show that phosphorylated STAT3 interacted with the SWI/SNF complex. We conclude that MLS contains JAK–STAT‐regulated subpopulations of cells with CSC features. Combined doxorubicin and ruxolitinib treatment targeted both proliferating cells as well as cells with CSC features, providing new means to circumvent chemotherapy resistance in treatment of MLS patients. What's new? Despite improved survival of patients, existing therapies for Myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) present shortcomings as they fail to target all tumour cells. The nature of chemotherapy‐resistant cells in MLS remains unknown, however. Here, the authors show that myxoid liposarcomas are heterogeneous and contain subpopulations of cells with stem cell properties, including chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, JAK‐STAT signalling is active in MLS and regulates the size of the cancer stem cells‐like subpopulation via the SWI/SNF complex. The results shed light on the mechanisms of therapy resistance in MLS and point to JAK‐STAT inhibitors as a new avenue for targeted MLS therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Dolatabadi
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Emma Jonasson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Malin Lindén
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Bentolhoda Fereydouni
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Karin Bäcksten
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Malin Nilsson
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer CenterUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Anna Martner
- TIMM Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Cancer CenterUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Amin Forootan
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- MultiD Analysis ABGothenburgSweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology and GeneticsSahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - Göran Landberg
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Pierre Åman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Pathology and GeneticsInstitute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Clinical Pathology and GeneticsSahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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25
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Bram Ednersson S, Stenson M, Stern M, Enblad G, Fagman H, Nilsson-Ehle H, Hasselblom S, Andersson PO. Expression of ribosomal and actin network proteins and immunochemotherapy resistance in diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients. Br J Haematol 2018; 181:770-781. [PMID: 29767447 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with early relapse or refractory disease have a very poor outcome. Immunochemotherapy resistance will probably, also in the era of targeted drugs, remain the major cause of treatment failure. We used proteomic mass spectrometry to analyse the global protein expression of micro-dissected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissues from 97 DLBCL patients: 44 with primary refractory disease or relapse within 1 year from diagnosis (REF/REL), and 53 who were progression-free more than 5 years after diagnosis (CURED). We identified 2127 proteins: 442 were found in all patients and 102 were differentially expressed. Sixty-five proteins were overexpressed in REF/REL patients, of which 46 were ribosomal proteins (RPs) compared with 2 of the 37 overexpressed proteins in CURED patients (P = 7·6 × 10-10 ). Twenty of 37 overexpressed proteins in CURED patients were associated with actin regulation, compared with 1 of 65 in REF/REL patients (P = 1·4 × 10-9 ). Immunohistochemical staining showed higher expression of RPS5 and RPL17 in REF/REL patients while MARCKS-like protein, belonging to the actin network, was more highly expressed in CURED patients. Even though functional studies aimed at individual proteins and protein interactions to evaluate potential clinical effect are needed, our findings suggest new mechanisms behind immunochemotherapy resistance in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Bram Ednersson
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Stenson
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, Kungälvs Hospital, Kungälv, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mimmie Stern
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Enblad
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology/Experimental and Clinical Oncology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Herman Nilsson-Ehle
- Section of Haematology and Coagulation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sverker Hasselblom
- Department of Research, Development and Education, Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Andersson
- Section of Haematology, Department of Medicine, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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26
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Liang S, Johansson E, Barila G, Altschuler DL, Fagman H, Nilsson M. A branching morphogenesis program governs embryonic growth of the thyroid gland. Development 2018; 145:dev.146829. [PMID: 29361553 PMCID: PMC5825846 DOI: 10.1242/dev.146829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The developmental program that regulates thyroid progenitor cell proliferation is largely unknown. Here, we show that branching-like morphogenesis is a driving force to attain final size of the embryonic thyroid gland in mice. Sox9, a key factor in branching organ development, distinguishes Nkx2-1+ cells in the thyroid bud from the progenitors that originally form the thyroid placode in anterior endoderm. As lobes develop the thyroid primordial tissue branches several generations. Sox9 and Fgfr2b are co-expressed distally in the branching epithelium prior to folliculogenesis. The thyroid in Fgf10 null mutants has a normal shape but is severely hypoplastic. Absence of Fgf10 leads to defective branching and disorganized angiofollicular units although Sox9/Fgfr2b expression and the ability of cells to differentiate and form nascent follicles are not impaired. These findings demonstrate a novel mechanism of thyroid development reminiscent of the Fgf10-Sox9 program that characterizes organogenesis in classical branching organs, and provide clues to aid understanding of how the endocrine thyroid gland once evolved from an exocrine ancestor present in the invertebrate endostyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Liang
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ellen Johansson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Guillermo Barila
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Daniel L Altschuler
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-41345, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden
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27
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Abstract
Thyroid hormones are crucial for organismal development and homeostasis. In humans, untreated congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid agenesis inevitably leads to cretinism, which comprises irreversible brain dysfunction and dwarfism. Elucidating how the thyroid gland - the only source of thyroid hormones in the body - develops is thus key for understanding and treating thyroid dysgenesis, and for generating thyroid cells in vitro that might be used for cell-based therapies. Here, we review the principal mechanisms involved in thyroid organogenesis and functional differentiation, highlighting how the thyroid forerunner evolved from the endostyle in protochordates to the endocrine gland found in vertebrates. New findings on the specification and fate decisions of thyroid progenitors, and the morphogenesis of precursor cells into hormone-producing follicular units, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg SE-41345, Sweden
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28
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Safavi S, Järnum S, Vannas C, Udhane S, Jonasson E, Tomic TT, Grundevik P, Fagman H, Hansson M, Kalender Z, Jauhiainen A, Dolatabadi S, Stratford EW, Myklebost O, Eriksson M, Stenman G, Schneider-Stock R, Ståhlberg A, Åman P. HSP90 inhibition blocks ERBB3 and RET phosphorylation in myxoid/round cell liposarcoma and causes massive cell death in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 7:433-45. [PMID: 26595521 PMCID: PMC4808009 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxoid sarcoma (MLS) is one of the most common types of malignant soft tissue tumors. MLS is characterized by the FUS-DDIT3 or EWSR1-DDIT3 fusion oncogenes that encode abnormal transcription factors. The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) encoding RET was previously identified as a putative downstream target gene to FUS-DDIT3 and here we show that cultured MLS cells expressed phosphorylated RET together with its ligand Persephin. Treatment with RET specific kinase inhibitor Vandetanib failed to reduce RET phosphorylation and inhibit cell growth, suggesting that other RTKs may phosphorylate RET. A screening pointed out EGFR and ERBB3 as the strongest expressed phosphorylated RTKs in MLS cells. We show that ERBB3 formed nuclear and cytoplasmic complexes with RET and both RTKs were previously reported to form complexes with EGFR. The formation of RTK hetero complexes could explain the observed Vandetanib resistence in MLS. EGFR and ERBB3 are clients of HSP90 that help complex formation and RTK activation. Treatment of cultured MLS cells with HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG, caused loss of RET and ERBB3 phosphorylation and lead to rapid cell death. Treatment of MLS xenograft carrying Nude mice resulted in massive necrosis, rupture of capillaries and hemorrhages in tumor tissues. We conclude that complex formation between RET and other RTKs may cause RTK inhibitor resistance. HSP90 inhibitors can overcome this resistance and are thus promising drugs for treatment of MLS/RCLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Safavi
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sofia Järnum
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christoffer Vannas
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sameer Udhane
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Jonasson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tajana Tesan Tomic
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Grundevik
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hansson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zeynep Kalender
- Mathematical Statistics, Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology and the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Jauhiainen
- Mathematical Statistics, Mathematical Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology and the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Soheila Dolatabadi
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Wessel Stratford
- Department of Tumour Biology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ola Myklebost
- Department of Tumour Biology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mikael Eriksson
- Department of Oncology, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Stenman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Regine Schneider-Stock
- Experimental Tumor Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Ulmenweg Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anders Ståhlberg
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pierre Åman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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29
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Andersson C, Fagman H, Hansson M, Enlund F. Profiling of potential driver mutations in sarcomas by targeted next generation sequencing. Cancer Genet 2016; 209:154-60. [PMID: 26987750 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive genetic profiling by massively parallel sequencing, commonly known as next generation sequencing (NGS), is becoming the foundation of personalized oncology. For sarcomas very few targeted treatments are currently in routine use. In clinical practice the preoperative diagnostic workup of soft tissue tumours largely relies on core needle biopsies. Although mostly sufficient for histopathological diagnosis, only very limited amounts of formalin fixated paraffin embedded tissue are often available for predictive mutation analysis. Targeted NGS may thus open up new possibilities for comprehensive characterization of scarce biopsies. We therefore set out to search for driver mutations by NGS in a cohort of 55 clinically and morphologically well characterized sarcomas using low input of DNA from formalin fixated paraffin embedded tissues. The aim was to investigate if there are any recurrent or targetable aberrations in cancer driver genes in addition to known chromosome translocations in different types of sarcomas. We employed a panel covering 207 mutation hotspots in 50 cancer-associated genes to analyse DNA from nine gastrointestinal stromal tumours, 14 synovial sarcomas, seven myxoid liposarcomas, 22 Ewing sarcomas and three Ewing-like small round cell tumours at a large sequencing depth to detect also mutations that are subclonal or occur at low allele frequencies. We found nine mutations in eight different potential driver genes, some of which are potentially actionable by currently existing targeted therapies. Even though no recurrent mutations in driver genes were found in the different sarcoma groups, we show that targeted NGS-based sequencing is clearly feasible in a diagnostic setting with very limited amounts of paraffin embedded tissue and may provide novel insights into mesenchymal cell signalling and potentially druggable targets. Interestingly, we also identify five non-synonymous sequence variants in 4 established cancer driver genes in DNA from normal tissue from sarcoma patients that may possibly predispose or contribute to neoplastic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Andersson
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Hansson
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Enlund
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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30
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Malanga D, Belmonte S, Colelli F, Scarfò M, De Marco C, Oliveira DM, Mirante T, Camastra C, Gagliardi M, Rizzuto A, Mignogna C, Paciello O, Papparella S, Fagman H, Viglietto G. AKT1E¹⁷K Is Oncogenic in Mouse Lung and Cooperates with Chemical Carcinogens in Inducing Lung Cancer. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147334. [PMID: 26859676 PMCID: PMC4747507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The hotspot AKT1E17K mutation in the pleckstrin homology domain of AKT1 occurs in approximately 0.6-2% of human lung cancers. Recently, we have demonstrated that AKT1E17K transforms immortalized human bronchial cells. Here by use of a transgenic Cre-inducible murine strain in the wild type Rosa26 (R26) locus (R26-AKT1E17K mice) we demonstrate that AKT1E17K is a bona-fide oncogene and plays a role in the development of lung cancer in vivo. In fact, we report that mutant AKT1E17K induces bronchial and/or bronchiolar hyperplastic lesions in murine lung epithelium, which progress to frank carcinoma at very low frequency, and accelerates tumor formation induced by chemical carcinogens. In conclusion, AKT1E17K induces hyperplasia of mouse lung epithelium in vivo and cooperates with urethane to induce the fully malignant phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Malanga
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
- BIOGEM-Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
- * E-mail: (GV); (DM)
| | | | - Fabiana Colelli
- BIOGEM-Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
| | - Marzia Scarfò
- BIOGEM-Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
| | - Carmela De Marco
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
- BIOGEM-Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
| | - Duarte Mendes Oliveira
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Teresa Mirante
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Camastra
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Unità di Anatomia Patologica, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Antonia Rizzuto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Mignogna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Unità di Anatomia Patologica, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Serenella Papparella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
- BIOGEM-Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
- * E-mail: (GV); (DM)
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Johansson E, Andersson L, Örnros J, Carlsson T, Ingeson-Carlsson C, Liang S, Dahlberg J, Jansson S, Parrillo L, Zoppoli P, Barila GO, Altschuler DL, Padula D, Lickert H, Fagman H, Nilsson M. Revising the embryonic origin of thyroid C cells in mice and humans. Development 2015; 142:3519-28. [PMID: 26395490 PMCID: PMC4631767 DOI: 10.1242/dev.126581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current understanding infers a neural crest origin of thyroid C cells, the major source of calcitonin in mammals and ancestors to neuroendocrine thyroid tumors. The concept is primarily based on investigations in quail–chick chimeras involving fate mapping of neural crest cells to the ultimobranchial glands that regulate Ca2+ homeostasis in birds, reptiles, amphibians and fishes, but whether mammalian C cell development involves a homologous ontogenetic trajectory has not been experimentally verified. With lineage tracing, we now provide direct evidence that Sox17+ anterior endoderm is the only source of differentiated C cells and their progenitors in mice. Like many gut endoderm derivatives, embryonic C cells were found to coexpress pioneer factors forkhead box (Fox) a1 and Foxa2 before neuroendocrine differentiation takes place. In the ultimobranchial body epithelium emerging from pharyngeal pouch endoderm in early organogenesis, differential Foxa1/Foxa2 expression distinguished two spatially separated pools of C cell precursors with different growth properties. A similar expression pattern was recapitulated in medullary thyroid carcinoma cells in vivo, consistent with a growth-promoting role of Foxa1. In contrast to embryonic precursor cells, C cell-derived tumor cells invading the stromal compartment downregulated Foxa2, foregoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition designated by loss of E-cadherin; both Foxa2 and E-cadherin were re-expressed at metastatic sites. These findings revise mammalian C cell ontogeny, expand the neuroendocrine repertoire of endoderm and redefine the boundaries of neural crest diversification. The data further underpin distinct functions of Foxa1 and Foxa2 in both embryonic and tumor development. Highlighted article: Mouse thyroid C cell precursors arise in foregut endoderm, and not the neural crest, disproving the current concept of a neural crest origin of thyroid neuroendocrine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Johansson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden
| | - Louise Andersson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden
| | - Jessica Örnros
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden
| | - Therese Carlsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden
| | - Camilla Ingeson-Carlsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden
| | - Shawn Liang
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlberg
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, SE-41345, Sweden
| | - Svante Jansson
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, SE-41345, Sweden
| | | | - Pietro Zoppoli
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, 1130 St Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA
| | - Guillermo O Barila
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Daniel L Altschuler
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Daniela Padula
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmgH, Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmgH, Ingolstaedter Landstraße 1, Munich 85764, Germany
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Genetics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, SE-41345, Sweden
| | - Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg SE-40530, Sweden
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Abstract
Thyroid dysgenesis is the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism that affects 1 in 3000 newborns. Although a number of pathogenetic mutations in thyroid developmental genes have been identified, the molecular mechanism of disease is unknown in most cases. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge of normal thyroid development and puts the different developmental stages in perspective, from the time of foregut endoderm patterning to the final shaping of pharyngeal anatomy, for understanding how specific malformations may arise. At the cellular level, we will also discuss fate determination of follicular and C-cell progenitors and their subsequent embryonic growth, migration, and differentiation as the different thyroid primordia evolve and merge to establish the final size and shape of the gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Porreca I, De Felice E, Fagman H, Di Lauro R, Sordino P. Zebrafish bcl2l is a survival factor in thyroid development. Dev Biol 2012; 366:142-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Frezzetti D, Reale C, Calì G, Nitsch L, Fagman H, Nilsson O, Scarfò M, De Vita G, Di Lauro R. The microRNA-processing enzyme Dicer is essential for thyroid function. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27648. [PMID: 22132122 PMCID: PMC3221669 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicer is a type III ribonuclease required for the biogenesis of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. To explore the functional role of miRNAs in thyroid gland function, we generated a thyrocyte-specific Dicer conditional knockout mouse. Here we show that development and early differentiation of the thyroid gland are not affected by the absence of Dicer, while severe hypothyroidism gradually develops after birth, leading to reduced body weight and shortened life span. Histological and molecular characterization of knockout mice reveals a dramatic loss of the thyroid gland follicular architecture associated with functional aberrations and down-regulation of several differentiation markers. The data presented in this study show for the first time that an intact miRNAs processing machinery is essential for thyroid physiology, suggesting that deregulation of specific miRNAs could be also involved in human thyroid dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Frezzetti
- IRGS Biogem s.c.ar.l., Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Gaetano Calì
- Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale CNR, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Nitsch
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ola Nilsson
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Gabriella De Vita
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (GDV); (RDL)
| | - Roberto Di Lauro
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Federico II’, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (GDV); (RDL)
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Fagman H, Amendola E, Parrillo L, Zoppoli P, Marotta P, Scarfò M, De Luca P, de Carvalho DP, Ceccarelli M, De Felice M, Di Lauro R. Gene expression profiling at early organogenesis reveals both common and diverse mechanisms in foregut patterning. Dev Biol 2011; 359:163-75. [PMID: 21924257 PMCID: PMC3206993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2011.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The thyroid and lungs originate as neighboring bud shaped outgrowths from the midline of the embryonic foregut. When and how organ specific programs regulate development into structures of distinct shapes, positions and functions is incompletely understood. To characterize, at least in part, the genetic basis of these events, we have employed laser capture microdissection and microarray analysis to define gene expression in the mouse thyroid and lung primordia at E10.5. By comparing the transcriptome of each bud to that of the whole embryo as well as to each other, we broadly describe the genes that are preferentially expressed in each developing organ as well as those with an enriched expression common to both. The results thus obtained provide a valuable resource for further analysis of genes previously unrecognized to participate in thyroid and lung morphogenesis and to discover organ specific as well as common developmental mechanisms. As an initial step in this direction we describe a regulatory pathway involving the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 that controls cell survival in early thyroid development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Amendola
- IRGS, Biogem, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michele Ceccarelli
- IRGS, Biogem, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Mario De Felice
- IRGS, Biogem, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Di Lauro
- IRGS, Biogem, Ariano Irpino (AV), Italy
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia, Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Andersson L, Westerlund J, Liang S, Carlsson T, Amendola E, Fagman H, Nilsson M. Role of EphA4 receptor signaling in thyroid development: regulation of folliculogenesis and propagation of the C-cell lineage. Endocrinology 2011; 152:1154-64. [PMID: 21266507 DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptome analysis revealed that the tyrosine kinase receptor EphA4 is enriched in the thyroid bud in mouse embryos. We used heterozygous EphA4-EGFP knock-in mice in which enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) replaced the intracellular receptor domain (EphA4(+/EGFP)) to localize EphA4 protein in thyroid primordial tissues. This showed that thyroid progenitors originating in the pharyngeal floor express EphA4 at all embryonic stages and when follicles are formed in late development. Also, the ultimobranchial bodies developed from the pharyngeal pouch endoderm express EphA4, but the ultimobranchial epithelium loses the EGFP signal before it merges with the median thyroid primordium. Embryonic C cells invading the thyroid are exclusively EphA4-negative. EphA4 expression continues in the adult thyroid. EphA4 knock-out mice and EphA4-EGFP homozygous mutants are euthyroid and have a normal thyroid anatomy but display subtle histological alterations regarding number, size, and shape of follicles. Of particular interest, the pattern of follicular abnormality differs between EphA4(-/-) and EphA4(EGFP/EGFP) thyroids. In addition, the number of C cells is reduced by >50% exclusively in animals lacking EphA4 forward signaling (EphA4(EGFP/EGFP)). Heterozygous EphA4 mutants have no apparent thyroid phenotype. We conclude that EphA4 is a novel regulator of thyroid morphogenesis that impacts on postnatal development of the two endocrine cell lineages of the differentiating gland. In this process both EphA4 forward signaling (in the follicular epithelium) and reverse signaling mediated by its cognate ligand(s) (A- and/or B-ephrins expressed in follicular cells and C cells, respectively) are probably functionally important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrensk Academy at University of Gothenburg, Box 440, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden
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Abstract
The thyroid develops from the foregut endoderm. Yet uncharacterized inductive signals specify endoderm progenitors to a thyroid cell fate that assembles in the pharyngeal floor from which the primordium buds and migrates to the final position of the gland. The morphogenetic process is regulated by both cell-autonomous (e.g. activated by NKX2-1, FOXE1, PAX8, and HHEX) and mesoderm-derived (e.g. mediated by TBX1 and fibroblast growth factors) mechanisms acting in concert to promote growth and survival of progenitor cells. The developmental role of TSH is limited to thyroid differentiation set to work after the gross anatomy of the gland is already sculptured. This review summarizes recent advances on the molecular genetics of thyroid morphogenesis put into context of endoderm developmental traits and highlights established and novel mechanisms of thyroid dysgenesis of potential relevance to congenital hypothyroidism in man.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Fagman
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gula Stråket 8, 413 45 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Westerlund J, Andersson L, Carlsson T, Zoppoli P, Fagman H, Nilsson M. Expression of Islet1 in thyroid development related to budding, migration, and fusion of primordia. Dev Dyn 2008; 237:3820-9. [DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Fagman H, Liao J, Westerlund J, Andersson L, Morrow BE, Nilsson M. The 22q11 deletion syndrome candidate gene Tbx1 determines thyroid size and positioning. Hum Mol Genet 2006; 16:276-85. [PMID: 17164259 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddl455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid dysgenesis is the major cause of congenital hypothyroidism in humans. The underlying molecular mechanism is in most cases unknown, but the frequent co-incidence of cardiac anomalies suggests that the thyroid morphogenetic process may depend on proper cardiovascular development. The T-box transcription factor TBX1, which is the most probable gene for the 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS/DiGeorge syndrome/velo-cardio-facial syndrome), has emerged as a central player in the coordinated formation of organs and tissues derived from the pharyngeal apparatus and the adjacent secondary heart field from which the cardiac outflow tract derives. Here, we show that Tbx1 impacts greatly on the developing thyroid gland, although it cannot be detected in the thyroid primordium at any embryonic stage. Specifically, in Tbx1-/- mice, the downward translocation of Titf1/Nkx2.1-expressing thyroid progenitor cells is much delayed. In late mutant embryos, the thyroid fails to form symmetric lobes but persists as a single mass approximately one-fourth of the normal size. The hypoplastic gland mostly attains a unilateral position resembling thyroid hemiagenesis. The data further suggest that failure of the thyroid primordium to re-establish contact with the aortic sac is a key abnormality preventing normal growth of the midline anlage along the third pharyngeal arch arteries. In normal development, this interaction may be facilitated by Tbx1-expressing mesenchyme filling the gap between the pharyngeal endoderm and the detached thyroid primordium. The findings indicate that Tbx1 regulates intermediate steps of thyroid development by a non-cell-autonomous mechanism. Thyroid dysgenesis related to Tbx1 inactivation may explain an overrepresentation of hypothyroidism occurring in patients with the 22q11DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fagman
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, SE-40530, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Fagman H, Andersson L, Nilsson M. The developing mouse thyroid: Embryonic vessel contacts and parenchymal growth pattern during specification, budding, migration, and lobulation. Dev Dyn 2006; 235:444-55. [PMID: 16331648 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.20653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal mouse thyroid development has been revised to identify critical morphogenetic events. The early thyroid primordium associates with the aortic sac endothelium at the time of specification and budding. The vascular contact is lost after the thyroid buds from the pharyngeal endoderm, but is resumed before the gland divides to form two lobes. Lateral expansion of parenchyma takes place along the course of the third pharyngeal arch arteries. Thyroid precursor cells expressing Titf1/Nkx2.1 do not proliferate until the migration stage, implicating that progenitors likely are recruited from outside the thyroid placode. Early lobulation involves engulfment of the entire ultimobranchial bodies by the growing midline thyroid. At the same time, proliferation of the ultimobranchial body epithelium is silenced preceding the differentiation of C cells. Before folliculogenesis, thyroid lobe enlargement is reminiscent of a budding-branching-like growth pattern. It is suggested that thyroid inductive signals arise from embryonic vessels, and that this provides ideas to conceptually new pathogenetic mechanisms of thyroid dysgenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Fagman
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
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41
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Larsson F, Fagman H, Nilsson M. TSH receptor signaling via cyclic AMP inhibits cell surface degradation and internalization of E-cadherin in pig thyroid epithelium. Cell Mol Life Sci 2004; 61:1834-42. [PMID: 15241559 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-004-4079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of E-cadherin into the adherens junction is a highly regulated process required to establish firm cell-cell adhesion in most epithelia. Less is known about the mechanisms that govern the clearance of E-cadherin from the cell surface in both normal and pathological states. In this study, we found that the steady-state removal of E-cadherin in primary cultured pig thyroid cell monolayers is slow and involves intracellular degradation. Experimental abrogation of adhesion by a Ca2+ switch induces rapid cell surface proteolysis of E-cadherin. At the same time, endocytosed intact E-cadherin and newly synthesized E-cadherin accumulate in intracellular compartments that largely escape further degradation. Acute stimulation with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or forskolin prevents all signs of accelerated E-cadherin turnover. The findings indicate that TSH receptor signaling via cyclic AMP stabilizes the assembly and retention of E-cadherin at the cell surface. This suggests a new mechanism by which TSH supports maintenance of thyroid follicular integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Larsson
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, 420, 40530, Sweden.
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Fagman H, Grände M, Gritli-Linde A, Nilsson M. Genetic deletion of sonic hedgehog causes hemiagenesis and ectopic development of the thyroid in mouse. Am J Pathol 2004; 164:1865-72. [PMID: 15111333 PMCID: PMC1615667 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid dysgenesis encountered in 85% of patients with congenital hypothyroidism is a morphologically heterogeneous condition with primarily unknown pathogenesis. Here we identify sonic hedgehog (Shh) as a novel regulator of thyroid development. In Shh knockout mice the thyroid primordium is correctly specified in the pharyngeal endoderm, but budding and dislocation are slightly delayed. In late development the thyroid fails to form a bilobed gland. Instead a single thyroid mass is found unilaterally and mostly to the left of the midline. Thyroid-specific transcription factors (TTF-1 and TTF-2) and thyroglobulin are expressed indicating terminal differentiation. Strikingly, TTF-1- and TTF-2-positive cells aberrantly develop in the presumptive trachea of Shh-/- embryos. The ectopic tissue buds ventrolaterally into the adjacent mesenchyme, and less extensively into the tracheal lumen, forming follicle-like structures that accumulate thyroglobulin. Shh mRNA is not expressed in the thyroid precursor cells at any developmental stage. The results indicate that Shh signaling indirectly governs the symmetric bilobation of the thyroid during late organogenesis. Shh also seems to repress inappropriate thyroid differentiation in nonthyroid embryonic tissues. This study provides clues to the molecular mechanisms that might be dysregulated in thyroid hemiagenesis and development of ectopic thyroid tissue outside the thyroglossal duct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Fagman
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Fagman H, Larsson F, Arvidsson Y, Meuller J, Nordling M, Martinsson T, Helmbrecht K, Brabant G, Nilsson M. Nuclear accumulation of full-length and truncated adenomatous polyposis coli protein in tumor cells depends on proliferation. Oncogene 2003; 22:6013-22. [PMID: 12955080 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor is a nucleocytoplasmic protein. The nuclear accumulation of APC was recently found to vary depending on cell density, suggesting that putative APC function(s) in the nucleus is controlled by the establishment of cell contacts. We report here that the density-dependent redistribution of APC between nucleus and cytoplasm prevails in 6/6 thyroid and colorectal carcinoma cell lines. Moreover, mutated APC lacking known nuclear localization sequences had the similar distribution pattern as the full-length protein. APC invariably accumulated in the nuclei of Ki-67 expressing cells, but was largely cytoplasmic when cell cycle exit was induced by serum starvation or at high cell density. APC colocalized with beta-catenin in the nucleus only in one cell line (SW480). Also, APC maintained a predominantly nuclear position in early confluent states when cytoplasmic beta-catenin was recruited to newly formed adherens-like junctions. The results indicate that nuclear targeting of APC is driven by cell cycle entry rather than altered cell-cell contact. The ability of C-terminally truncated APC to accumulate in the nucleus suggests that nuclear import signals other than NLS1(APC) and NLS2(APC) are functionally important. Residual function(s) of N-terminal APC fragments in tumor cells carrying APC mutations might be beneficial to tumor growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Fagman
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Göteborg University, Box 420, SE-40530 Göteborg, Sweden.
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Fagman H, Grände M, Edsbagge J, Semb H, Nilsson M. Expression of classical cadherins in thyroid development: maintenance of an epithelial phenotype throughout organogenesis. Endocrinology 2003; 144:3618-24. [PMID: 12865344 DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-0393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The long distance between the final location of the thyroid gland in front of the trachea and the site of embryological specification at the tongue base suggests that active migration of the thyroid progenitor cells is required. During embryogenesis, similar morphogenetic events often involve epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which promotes the acquisition of a migrating phenotype. EMT is characterized by an altered expression of cadherin cell adhesion molecules, most notably loss of E-cadherin. To investigate whether a similar mechanism operates in thyroid development, we studied the expression of classical cadherins in the thyroid primordium of mouse embryos by immunohistochemistry. E-Cadherin was expressed at high levels in thyroid cells at all developmental stages. In contrast, R-cadherin expression was induced in the embryonic thyroid coinciding with the onset of folliculogenesis and was maintained in the adult thyroid along with E-cadherin. N-Cadherin, often associated with increased migrating capacity, was not detected in the thyroid primordium, but was expressed in the surrounding mesenchyme. These findings indicate that the epithelial phenotype is maintained in thyroid progenitor cells throughout organogenesis and favor the idea that translocation of the developing thyroid does not involve active migration of individual cells, but rather is secondary to movements of surrounding tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fagman
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Goteborg University, SE-40530 Goteborg, Sweden.
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45
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Abstract
The integrity of epithelial cell junctions is controlled by E-cadherin-mediated (Ca2+-dependent) cell-cell adhesion. In thyroid follicular cells the dissociation of junctions induced by transfer to low Ca2+ medium (Ca2+ switch) is prevented by thyrotropin acting via cyclic AMP/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) (Nilsson et al., Eur. J. Cell Biol. 56, 308-318, 1991). In MDCK kidney epithelial cells protein kinase inhibitors elicit a similar response which, however, is cadherin-independent (Citi, J. Cell Biol. 117,169-178,1992; Citi et al., J. Cell Sci. 107, 683-692, 1994). As such inhibitors also may interfere with PKA, we examined in a single cell type, filter-cultured pig thyrocytes, the effects and possible interactions of the cAMP/PKA agonist forskolin (or thyrotropin) and the kinase inhibitor H-7 in Ca2+ switch experiments. We found that the epithelial barrier dysfunction, comprising loss of transepithelial resistance, increased transepithelial flux of [3H]inulin and redistribution of junction proteins (cadherin and ZO-1), which follows Ca2+ removal were inhibited by TSH, forskolin, and H-7. All agents were also able to induce recovery of resistance in low Ca2+. The maximal recovery effects of forskolin and H-7 were additive when given simultaneous with Ca2+ chelator. In contrast, forskolin-induced recovery initiated 10 min after Ca2+ removal was antagonized by H-7. The protection of junctions by forskolin in low Ca2+ was rapidly abolished by light trypsinization (0.001%), whereas the same concentration of trypsin had little or no effect on the corresponding action of H-7 or staurosporine, another potent kinase inhibitor. In H-7-treated cells kept in low Ca2+, trypsin caused redistribution of ZO-1 from the plasma membrane to the cytoplasm while the transepithelial resistance remained high. Taken together, the data indicate that TSH via cAMP/PKA and the protein kinase inhibitor H-7 reinforce the thyroid epithelial barrier under low Ca2+ conditions by distinct although interacting mechanisms. The high sensitivity to proteolysis in the absence of Ca2+ suggests that the cAMP-regulated mechanism is cadherin-dependent. H-7 promotes or inhibits the cAMP/PKA-mediated recovery of transepithelial resistance depending on the duration of the preceding low Ca2+ period. The trypsin-induced displacement of ZO-1 in H-7-treated cells in low Ca2+ suggests that the localization of ZO-1 to the tight junction is not necessary for the maintenance of junctional tightness.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nilsson
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Göteborg University, Sweden
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