1
|
Rummel L, Schreiner PR. Advances and Prospects in Understanding London Dispersion Interactions in Molecular Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316364. [PMID: 38051426 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
London dispersion (LD) interactions are the main contribution of the attractive part of the van der Waals potential. Even though LD effects are the driving force for molecular aggregation and recognition, the role of these omnipresent interactions in structure and reactivity had been largely underappreciated over decades. However, in the recent years considerable efforts have been made to thoroughly study LD interactions and their potential as a chemical design element for structures and catalysis. This was made possible through a fruitful interplay of theory and experiment. This review highlights recent results and advances in utilizing LD interactions as a structural motif to understand and utilize intra- and intermolecularly LD-stabilized systems. Additionally, we focus on the quantification of LD interactions and their fundamental role in chemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Rummel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Averdunk C, Hanke K, Schatz D, Wegner HA. Molecular Wind-Up Meter for the Quantification of London Dispersion Interactions. Acc Chem Res 2024; 57:257-266. [PMID: 38131644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe experimental quantification of interactions on the molecular level provides the necessary basis for the design of functional materials and chemical processes. The interplay of multiple parameters and the small quantity of individual interactions pose a special challenge for such endeavors. The common method is the use of molecular balances, which can exist in two different states. Thereby, a stabilizing interaction can occur in one of the states, favoring its formation and thus affecting the thermodynamic equilibrium of the system. One challenge is determining the change in this equilibrium since various analytical methods could not be applied to fast-changing equilibria. A new and promising method for quantifying molecular interactions is the use of Molecular Wind-up Meters (MWM) in which the change in kinetics, rather than the effect on thermodynamics, is investigated. An MWM is transformed with an energy input (e.g. irradiation) into a metastable state. Then, the rate of thermal transformation back to the ground state is measured. The strength of interactions present in the metastable state controls the kinetics of the back reactions, allowing direct correlation. The advantage of this approach lies in the high sensitivity (energy differences can be larger by 1 order of magnitude) and, in general, allows the use of a broader range of solvents and analytical methods. An Azobenzene-based MWM has been established as a powerful tool to quantify London dispersion interactions. London dispersion (LD) represents the attractive part of the van der Waals potential. Although neglected in the past due to its weak character, it has been shown that the influence of LD on the structure, stability, and reactivity of matter can be decisive. Especially in larger molecules, its energy contribution increases overproportionately with the number of atoms, which has sparked increasing interest in the use of so-called dispersion energy donors (DED) as a new structural element. Application of the azobenzene-based MWM not only allowed the differentiation of bulkiness, but also systematically addressed the influence of the length of n-alkyl chains. Additionally, the solvent influence on LD was studied. Based on the azobenzene MWM, an increment system has been proposed, allowing a rough estimate of the effect of a specific DED.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conrad Averdunk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center of Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kai Hanke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center of Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dominic Schatz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center of Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Hermann A Wegner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center of Materials Research (LaMa), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manzewitsch AN, Liu H, Lin B, Li P, Pellechia PJ, Shimizu KD. Empirical Model of Solvophobic Interactions in Organic Solvents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314962. [PMID: 38032351 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
An empirical model was developed to predict organic solvophobic effects using N-phenylimide molecular balances functionalized with non-polar alkyl groups. Solution studies and X-ray crystallography confirmed intramolecular alkyl-alkyl interactions in their folded conformers. The structural modularity of the balances allowed systematic variation of alkyl group lengths. Control balances were instrumental in isolating weak organic solvophobic effects by eliminating framework solvent-solute effects. A 19 F NMR label enabled analysis across 46 deuterated and non-deuterated solvent systems. Linear correlations were observed between organic solvophobic effects and solvent cohesive energy density (ced) as well as changes in solvent-accessible surface areas (SASA). Using these empirical relationships, a model was constructed to predict organic solvophobic interaction energy per unit area for any organic solvent with known ced values. The predicted interaction energies aligned with recent organic solvophobic measurements and literature values for the hydrophobic effect on non-polar surfaces confirmed the model's accuracy and utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Manzewitsch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Binzhou Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Perry J Pellechia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Ken D Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu H, Shimizu KD. Contributions of London Dispersion Forces to Solution-Phase Association Processes. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3572-3580. [PMID: 38009964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusDespite their ubiquity and early discovery, London dispersion forces are often overlooked. This is due, in part, to the difficulty in assessing their contributions to molecular and polymeric structure, stability, properties, and reactivities. However, recent advances in modeling have revealed that dispersion interactions play an important role in many important chemical and biological processes. Experimental confirmation of their impact in solution has been challenging, leading to controversies about their relative importance.In the course of studying noncovalent interactions using molecular devices, our understanding and appreciation for the importance of dispersion interactions have evolved. This Account follows this intellectual journey by using examples from the literature. The goals are twofold: to describe recent advances in understanding the interaction and to provide guidance to researchers studying weak noncovalent interactions. However, first, the experimental methods for measuring the effects of dispersion interactions and the strategies for isolating their influence are described. These include the design of molecular devices to measure these weak noncovalent interactions and the strategies to disentangle the solvation, solvophobic, and dispersion components of the resulting equilibria.The literature examples are organized around five fundamental questions. (1) Do dispersion interactions have a measurable effect on solution equilibria? (2) To what extent do solvents attenuate or compensate for dispersion interactions? (3) To what extent do the solvation and solvophobic terms influence the dispersion equilibria? (4) Can we predict whether a system will form attractive dispersion or repulsive steric interactions? (5) Can the dispersion term be isolated and interrogated? We were often surprised by the answers to these questions. In each case, we describe how the systems were designed to address these questions and discuss possible interpretations of the results.While dispersion interactions in solution were weak (usually <1 kcal/mol), their influence on complexation and conformational equilibria can be observed and measured. This underscores the significance of these interactions in molecular recognition, coordination chemistry, reaction design, and catalysis. The solvent components of the dispersion equilibria can also be significant. Therefore, the isolation of the dispersion contributions from the solvation and solvophobic effects represents an ongoing challenge. The experimental studies also provide important benchmarks and offer valuable insights to help refine the next generation of computational solvent models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Ken D Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Assaf KI, Nau WM. Dispersion Interactions in Condensed Phases and inside Molecular Containers. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3451-3461. [PMID: 37956240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusThe past decade has seen significant progress in the understanding and appreciation of the importance of London dispersion interactions (LDIs) in supramolecular systems and solutions. The Slater-Kirkwood formula relates LDIs to the molecular polarizabilities of the two interacting molecular species (α) and their interaction distance (a dependence of R-6). When advancing arguments related to intermolecular interactions, it is frequently assumed that molecules with larger molecular polarizabilities are more amenable to larger LDIs. However, arguments related to molecular polarizabilities are not always transferable to the condensed phase. In fact, the underlying bulk and molecular polarizabilities of common solvents show opposing trends. The intuitive concept that aromatic molecules are more polarizable than saturated hydrocarbons and that perfluorinated molecules are less polarizable than saturated hydrocarbons applies to the condensed phase only. When treating association phenomena in solution, where LDIs are generally very attenuated, the use of bulk polarizabilities is recommended, which are experimentally accessible through either refractive index measurements or suitable solvatochromic probes. Such probes can also be used to assess polarizabilities inside molecular container compounds, such as cucurbit[n]urils (CBn), cyclodextrins, calixarenes, and hemicarcerands. These macrocyclic cavities can have extreme microenvironments. For example, the inner concave phase of CB7 has been shown to be weakly polarizable, falling in between the gas phase and perfluorohexane; those of β-cyclodextrin and p-sulfonatocalix[4]arene have been found to be similarly polarizable as water and alkanes, respectively, and the inside of hemicarcerands displays a very large bulk polarizability, exceeding that of diiodomethane. CBn compounds are privileged molecular container compounds, which we exemplify in this Account through case studies. (1) CBn macrocycles are prime water-soluble receptors for hydrocarbons, allowing for the reduction of the binding free energies to two components: the hydrophobic effect and dispersion interactions. To understand hydrocarbon binding, we initiated the HYDROPHOBE challenge, which revealed the shortcomings of both quantum-chemical and molecular dynamics approaches. (2) The smallest CBn receptor, CB5, is uniquely suited to bind the entire noble gas series, where hydrophobic effects and dispersion interactions operate in opposite directions. CB5 was revaled to be a unique synthetic receptor for noble gases, with the dominant driving force being the recovery of the cavitation energies for the hydration of noble gases in aqueous solution. Computational methods that encounter challenges in predicting hydrocarbon affinities and trends for CB6 and CB7 perform well for noble gases binding to CB5. (3) The larger homologue, CB8, allows one to set up intermolecular interaction chambers by the encapsulation of a (first) aromatic guest, thereby tuning LDIs inside the receptor cavity. In this manner, CB8 can be modulated to preferentially bind unsaturated and aromatic rather than saturated hydrocarbons, while the unmodified cavities of the smaller macrocycles CB6 and CB7 show selective binding of saturated hydrocarbons. (4) The (charged) host-guest complexes of CBn hosts are sufficiently stable in the gas phase, allowing for the study of the influence of LDIs on inner-phase chemical reactions. These studies are particularly interesting for the theoretical analysis of isolated host-guest LDIs, as experimental and computational data are directly comparable in the gas phase due to the absence of the solvation effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaleel I Assaf
- Al-Balqa Applied University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 19117 Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Werner M Nau
- Constructor University, School of Science, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gravillier LA, Cockroft SL. Context-Dependent Significance of London Dispersion. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3535-3544. [PMID: 37994023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusLondon forces constitute an attractive component of van der Waals interactions and originate from transient correlated momentary dipoles in adjacent atoms. The in-depth investigation of London dispersion forces poses notable challenges, especially in solution, owing to their inherently weak and competing character. Our objective in this Account is to shed light on the context-dependent significance of London dispersion forces by contrasting our own experimental findings with those from other research endeavors. Specifically, we will explore how factors such as the choice of system and solvent can influence the apparent role of London dispersion forces in molecular recognition processes. We initiate our Account by scrutinizing the Wilcox balance, which has yielded diverse and occasionally contradictory results. Following that, we provide an overview of the role of London dispersion forces and their context-dependent variations, encompassing alkyl-alkyl, halogen-π, alkyl-π, and aromatic stacking interactions.Several experimental investigations have revealed how difficult it is to measure the significance of London dispersion in solution. Indeed, dispersion forces seldom act as the exclusive driving force in molecular recognition processes, and solvation energetics also strongly influence equilibria and kinetics. Molecular balances that bring apolar functional groups into contact have proven to be instrumental in the experimental measurement of dispersion. The intramolecular approach avoids the need to pay the entropic cost of bringing interacting groups into contact, while also enabling solvent screening. Such experimental studies have found dispersion interactions between functional groups to be very weak (<5 kJ mol-1), meaning that they frequently take backstage to electrostatic contributions and solvophobic effects and are readily damped by competitive dispersion interactions with the solvent. By using such approaches, competitive dispersion interactions with the solvent have been shown to be described by the bulk polarizability of the solvent (perfluoroalkanes have the lowest bulk polarizabilities, while carbon disulfide has one of the highest). Dispersion interactions are also strongly distance-dependent, which results in considerable context-dependent outcomes across different investigations. For example, we caution against the risk of attributing the stability of a "more sterically hindered" isomer as arising from intramolecular dispersion forces. The total energy of the system can reveal other contributions to stability, such as nonintuitive minimization of strain elsewhere in the molecule. Indeed, the delicate distance-dependent balance between sterics and London dispersion means that even subtle changes in size and geometry can lead to disparate behavior. Similarly, solvophobic effects also contribute to stabilizing contacts between bulky functional groups, which can be revealed if there is a correlation with the cohesive energy density of the solvent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Albin Gravillier
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Scott L Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
West AML, Dominelli‐Whiteley N, Smolyar IV, Nichol GS, Cockroft SL. Experimental Quantification of Halogen⋅⋅⋅Arene van der Waals Contacts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309682. [PMID: 37470309 PMCID: PMC10953438 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Crystallographic and computational studies suggest the occurrence of favourable interactions between polarizable arenes and halogen atoms. However, the systematic experimental quantification of halogen⋅⋅⋅arene interactions in solution has been hindered by the large variance in the steric demands of the halogens. Here we have synthesized molecular balances to quantify halogen⋅⋅⋅arene contacts in 17 solvents and solvent mixtures using 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Calculations indicate that favourable halogen⋅⋅⋅arene interactions arise from London dispersion in the gas phase. In contrast, comparison of our experimental measurements with partitioned SAPT0 energies indicate that dispersion is sufficiently attenuated by the solvent that the halogen⋅⋅⋅arene interaction trend was instead aligned with increasing exchange repulsion as the halogen increased in size (ΔGX ⋅⋅⋅Ph =0 to +1.5 kJ mol-1 ). Halogen⋅⋅⋅arene contacts were slightly less disfavoured in solvents with higher solvophobicities and lower polarizabilities, but strikingly, were always less favoured than CH3 ⋅⋅⋅arene contacts (ΔGMe ⋅⋅⋅Ph =0 to -1.4 kJ mol-1 ).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. L. West
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Nicholas Dominelli‐Whiteley
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Ivan V. Smolyar
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh Joseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Schümann JM, Ochmann L, Becker J, Altun A, Harden I, Bistoni G, Schreiner PR. Exploring the Limits of Intramolecular London Dispersion Stabilization with Bulky Dispersion Energy Donors in Alkane Solution. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2093-2097. [PMID: 36688409 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We present an experimental study of a cyclooctatetraene-based molecular balance disubstituted with increasingly bulky tert-butyl (tBu), adamantyl (Ad), and diamantyl (Dia) substituents in the 1,4-/1,6-positions for which we determined the valence-bond shift equilibrium in n-hexane (hex), n-octane (oct), and n-dodecane (dod). Computations including implicit and explicit solvation support our temperature-dependent NMR equilibrium measurements indicating that the more sterically crowded 1,6-isomer is always favored, irrespective of solvent, and that the free energy is quite insensitive to substituent size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Schümann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lukas Ochmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ahmet Altun
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ingolf Harden
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Dipartmento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotechnologie, Università Degli Studi Di Perugia, Via Elce di sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Storer MC, Hunter CA. The surface site interaction point approach to non-covalent interactions. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:10064-10082. [PMID: 36412990 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00701k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The functional properties of molecular systems are generally determined by the sum of many weak non-covalent interactions, and therefore methods for predicting the relative magnitudes of these interactions is fundamental to understanding the relationship between function and structure in chemistry, biology and materials science. This review focuses on the Surface Site Interaction Point (SSIP) approach which describes molecules as a set of points that capture the properties of all possible non-covalent interactions that the molecule might make with another molecule. The first half of the review focuses on the empirical non-covalent interaction parameters, α and β, and provides simple rules of thumb to estimate free energy changes for interactions between different types of functional group. These parameters have been used to have been used to establish a quantitative understanding of the role of solvent in solution phase equilibria, and to describe non-covalent interactions at the interface between macroscopic surfaces as well as in the solid state. The second half of the review focuses on a computational approach for obtaining SSIPs and applications in multi-component systems where many different interactions compete. Ab initio calculation of the Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP) surface is used to derive an SSIP description of a molecule, where each SSIP is assigned a value equivalent to the corresponding empirical parameter, α or β. By considering the free energies of all possible pairing interactions between all SSIPs in a molecular ensemble, it is possible to calculate the speciation of all intermolecular interactions and hence predict thermodynamic properties using the SSIMPLE algorithm. SSIPs have been used to describe both the solution phase and the solid state and provide accurate predictions of partition coefficients, solvent effects on association constants for formation of intermolecular complexes, and the probability of cocrystal formation. SSIPs represent a simple and intuitive tool for describing the relationship between chemical structure and non-covalent interactions with sufficient accuracy to understand and predict the properties of complex molecular ensembles without the need for computationally expensive simulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Storer
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Meredith NY, Borsley S, Smolyar IV, Nichol GS, Baker CM, Ling KB, Cockroft SL. Dissecting Solvent Effects on Hydrogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206604. [PMID: 35608961 PMCID: PMC9400978 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The experimental isolation of H‐bond energetics from the typically dominant influence of the solvent remains challenging. Here we use synthetic molecular balances to quantify amine/amide H‐bonds in competitive solvents. Over 200 conformational free energy differences were determined using 24 H‐bonding balances in 9 solvents spanning a wide polarity range. The correlations between experimental interaction energies and gas‐phase computed energies exhibited wild solvent‐dependent variation. However, excellent correlations were found between the same computed energies and the experimental data following empirical dissection of solvent effects using Hunter's α/β solvation model. In addition to facilitating the direct comparison of experimental and computational data, changes in the fitted donor and acceptor constants reveal the energetics of secondary local interactions such as competing H‐bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Y Meredith
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Stefan Borsley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Ivan V Smolyar
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Gary S Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| | - Christopher M Baker
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Kenneth B Ling
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Scott L Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Meredith NY, Borsley S, Smolyar IV, Nichol GS, Baker CM, Ling KB, Cockroft SL. Dissecting Solvent Effects on Hydrogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Y. Meredith
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Stefan Borsley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Ivan V. Smolyar
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Christopher M. Baker
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Kenneth B. Ling
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Milnes-Smith E, Stone CA, Willis CR, Perkin S. Surface Reconstruction of Fluoropolymers in Liquid Media. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4657-4668. [PMID: 35395153 PMCID: PMC9097541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface reconstruction is the rearrangement of atoms or molecules at an interface in response to a stimulus, driven by lowering the overall free energy of the system. Perfluoroalkyl acrylate polymers with short side chains undergo reconstruction at room temperature when exposed to water. Here, we use contact angle aging to examine the liquid- and temperature- dependency of surface reconstruction of plasma polymerized perfluoroalkyl acrylates. We use a first order kinetic model to examine the dynamics of reconstructive processes. Our results show that, above the bulk melting point of the polymers, the contact angles of both polar and nonpolar (hydrocarbon) liquids show a time dependency well fit by the model. We conclude that surface reconstruction can be driven by the preferential segregation of hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon moieties as well as by polar interactions. This has implications in terms of using fluorocarbons to design oleophobic surfaces (and vice versa) and in terms of designing fluorocarbon and/or hydrocarbon surfaces with switchable wettability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Milnes-Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Corinne A. Stone
- Defence
Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury,
Wiltshire SP4 0JQ, United
Kingdom
| | - Colin R. Willis
- Defence
Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, Salisbury,
Wiltshire SP4 0JQ, United
Kingdom
| | - Susan Perkin
- Department
of Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amemori S, Hamamoto R, Mizuno M. Enhancement of association constants of various charge-transfer complexes in siloxane solvents. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The association constants of various charge-transfer complexes were evaluated in n-hexane, octamethyltrisiloxane and PDMS to investigate the solvent effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Amemori
- NanoMaterials Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hamamoto
- School of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Motohiro Mizuno
- NanoMaterials Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wilming FM, Becker J, Schreiner PR. Quantifying Solvophobic Effects in Organic Solvents Using a Hydrocarbon Molecular Balance. J Org Chem 2021; 87:1874-1878. [PMID: 34758618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We evaluate the use of the cohesive energy density (ced) as a quantitative descriptor for solvophobic effects in organic solvents by measuring ΔGZ/E of the rigid Z- and E-2,2'-diethynyl-9,9'-bifluorenylidene. In line with previously employed balances, solvent-dependent changes in ΔGZ/E are predominantly induced by solvophobic effects, leading to a strong correlation with the solvent's ced. We re-emphasize the role of ceds as quantitative descriptors of solvophobic effects of organic solvents. Our experimental findings are well supported by B3LYP-D3/def2TZVP computations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Finn M Wilming
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sagandykova G, Buszewski B. Perspectives and recent advances in quantitative structure-retention relationships for high performance liquid chromatography. How far are we? Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
16
|
Liu Y, Parks FC, Sheetz EG, Chen CH, Flood AH. Polarity-Tolerant Chloride Binding in Foldamer Capsules by Programmed Solvent-Exclusion. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3191-3204. [PMID: 33596052 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Persistent anion binding in a wide range of solution environments is a key challenge that continues to motivate and demand new strategies in synthetic receptor design. Though strong binding in low-polarity solvents has become routine, our ability to maintain high affinities in high-polarity solvents has not yet reached the standard set by nature. Anions are bound and transported regularly in aqueous environments by proteins that use secondary and tertiary structure to isolate anion binding sites from water. Inspired by this principle of solvent exclusion, we created a sequence-defined foldameric capsule whose global minimum conformation displays a helical folded state and is preorganized for 1:1 anion complexation. The high stability of the folded geometry and its ability to exclude solvent were supported by solid-state and solution phase studies. This capsule then withstood a 4-fold increase in solvent dielectric constant (εr) from dichloromethane (9) to acetonitrile (36) while maintaining a high and solvent-independent affinity of 105 M-1; ΔG ∼ 28 kJ mol-1. This behavior is unusual. More typical of solvent-dependent behavior, Cl- affinities were seen to plummet in control compounds, such as aryl-triazole macrocycles and pentads, with their solvent-exposed binding cavities susceptible to dielectric screening. Finally, dimethyl sulfoxide denatures the foldamer by putative solvent binding, which then lowers the foldamer's Cl- affinity to normal levels. The design of this capsule demonstrates a new prototype for the development of potent receptors that can operate in polar solvents and has the potential to help manage hydrophilic anions present in the hydrosphere and biosphere.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Fred C Parks
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Edward G Sheetz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Amar H Flood
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schümann JM, Wagner JP, Eckhardt AK, Quanz H, Schreiner PR. Intramolecular London Dispersion Interactions Do Not Cancel in Solution. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:41-45. [PMID: 33320651 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We present a comprehensive experimental study of a di-t-butyl-substituted cyclooctatetraene-based molecular balance to measure the effect of 16 different solvents on the equilibrium of folded versus unfolded isomers. In the folded 1,6-isomer, the two t-butyl groups are in close proximity (H···H distance ≈ 2.5 Å), but they are far apart in the unfolded 1,4-isomer (H···H distance ≈ 7 Å). We determined the relative strengths of these noncovalent intramolecular σ-σ interactions via temperature-dependent nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The origins of the interactions were elucidated with energy decomposition analysis at the density functional and ab initio levels of theory, pinpointing the predominance of London dispersion interactions enthalpically favoring the folded state in any solvent measured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Schümann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - J Philipp Wagner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - André K Eckhardt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Henrik Quanz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
- Zentrum für Materialforschung (LaMa) Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Gießen Deutschland
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
- Zentrum für Materialforschung (LaMa) Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Gießen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
The importance of London dispersion interactions in solution is an ongoing debate. Although the significance of dispersion for structure and stability is widely accepted, the degree of its attenuation in solution is still not properly understood. Quantitative evaluations are derived mostly from computations. Experimental data provide guidelines to include London dispersion in solution phase design. Herein, dispersive interactions were examined with an azobenzene probe. Alkyl substituents in meta positions of the azobenzene core were systematically varied and the effect on the half-lives for the thermally induced Z to E isomerization in several alkane solvents was determined. The results show that intramolecular dispersion is only marginally influenced. In solvents with low surface tension, reduced destabilizing solvent-solvent interactions increase the half-life up to 20 %. Specific individual interactions between alkyl chains on the azobenzene and those of the solvent lead to additional fluctuations of the half-lives. These presumably result from structural changes of the conformer ensemble.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJustus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GiessenGermany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1635392GiessenGermany
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJustus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GiessenGermany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1635392GiessenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Elmi A, Cockroft SL. Quantifying Interactions and Solvent Effects Using Molecular Balances and Model Complexes. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:92-103. [PMID: 33315374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Where the basic units of molecular chemistry are the bonds within molecules, supramolecular chemistry is based on the interactions that occur between molecules. Understanding the "how" and "why" of the processes that govern molecular self-assembly remains an open challenge to the supramolecular community. While many interactions are readily examined in silico through electronic structure calculations, such insights may not be directly applicable to experimentalists. The practical limitations of computationally accounting for solvation is perhaps the largest bottleneck in this regard, with implicit solvation models failing to comprehensively account for the specific nature of solvent effects and explicit models incurring a prohibitively high computational cost. Since molecular recognition processes usually occur in solution, insight into the nature and effect of solvation is imperative not only for understanding these phenomena but also for the rational design of systems that exploit them.Molecular balances and supramolecular complexes have emerged as useful tools for the experimental dissection of the physicochemical basis of various noncovalent interactions, but they have historically been underexploited as a platform for the evaluation of solvent effects. Contrasting with large biological complexes, smaller synthetic model systems enable combined experimental and computational analyses, often facilitating theoretical analyses that can work in concert with experiment.Our research has focused on the development of supramolecular systems to evaluate the role of solvents in molecular recognition, and further characterize the underlying mechanisms by which molecules associate. In particular, the use of molecular balances has provided a framework to measure the magnitude of solvent effects and to examine the accuracy of solvent models. Such approaches have revealed how solvation can modulate the electronic landscape of a molecule and how competitive solvation and solvent cohesion can provide thermodynamic driving forces for association. Moreover, the use of simple model systems facilitates the interrogation and further dissection of the physicochemical origins of molecular recognition. This tandem experimental/computational approach has married less common computational techniques, like symmetry adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) and natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis, with experimental observations to elucidate the influence of effects that are difficult to resolve experimentally (e.g., London dispersion and electron delocalization).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Elmi
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li P, Vik EC, Shimizu KD. N-Arylimide Molecular Balances: A Comprehensive Platform for Studying Aromatic Interactions in Solution. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2705-2714. [PMID: 33152232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent interactions of aromatic surfaces play a key role in many biological processes and in determining the properties and utility of synthetic materials, sensors, and catalysts. However, the study of aromatic interactions has been challenging because these interactions are usually very weak and their trends are modulated by many factors such as structural, electronic, steric, and solvent effects. Recently, N-arylimide molecular balances have emerged as highly versatile and effective platforms for studying aromatic interactions in solution. These molecular balances can accurately measure weak noncovalent interactions in solution via their influence on the folded-unfolded conformational equilibrium. The structure (i.e., size, shape, π-conjugation, and substitution) and nature (i.e., element, charge, and polarity) of the π-surfaces and interacting groups can be readily varied, enabling the study of a wide range of aromatic interactions. These include aromatic stacking, heterocyclic aromatic stacking, and alkyl-π, chalcogen-π, silver-π, halogen-π, substituent-π, and solvent-π interactions. The ability to measure a diverse array of aromatic interactions within a single model system provides a unique perspective and insights as the interaction energies, stability trends, and solvent effects for different types of interactions can be directly compared. Some broad conclusions that have emerged from this comprehensive analysis include: (1) The strongest aromatic interactions involve groups with positive charges such as pyridinium and metal ions which interact with the electrostatically negative π-face of the aromatic surface via cation-π or metal-π interactions. Attractive electrostatic interactions can also form between aromatic surfaces and groups with partial positive charges. (2) Electrostatic interactions involving aromatic surfaces can be switched from repulsive to attractive using electron-withdrawing substituents or heterocycles. These electrostatic trends appear to span many types of aromatic interactions involving a polar group interacting with a π-surface such as halogen-π, chalcogen-π, and carbonyl-π. (3) Nonpolar groups form weak but measurable stabilizing interactions with aromatic surfaces in organic solvents due to favorable dispersion and/or solvophobic effects. A good predictor of the interaction strength is provided by the change in solvent-accessible surface area. (4) Solvent effects modulate the aromatic interactions in the forms of solvophobic effects and competitive solvation, which can be modeled using solvent cohesion density and specific solvent-solute interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Erik C. Vik
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Ken D. Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yamada M, Narita H, Maeda Y. A Fullerene‐Based Molecular Torsion Balance for Investigating Noncovalent Interactions at the C
60
Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Haruna Narita
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry Tokyo Gakugei University Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1 Koganei Tokyo 184-8501 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yamada M, Narita H, Maeda Y. A Fullerene-Based Molecular Torsion Balance for Investigating Noncovalent Interactions at the C 60 Surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16133-16140. [PMID: 32458522 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the nature and strength of noncovalent interactions at the fullerene surface, molecular torsion balances consisting of C60 and organic moieties connected through a biphenyl linkage were synthesized. NMR and computational studies show that the unimolecular system remains in equilibrium between well-defined folded and unfolded conformers owing to restricted rotation around the biphenyl C-C bond. The energy differences between the two conformers depend on the substituents and is ascribed to differences in the intramolecular noncovalent interactions between the organic moieties and the fullerene surface. Fullerenes favor interacting with the π-faces of benzenes bearing electron-donating substituents. The correlation between the folding free energies and corresponding Hammett constants of the substituents in the arene-containing torsion balances reflects the contributions of the electrostatic interactions and dispersion force to face-to-face arene-fullerene interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michio Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Haruna Narita
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| | - Yutaka Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Gakugei University, Nukuikitamachi 4-1-1, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Muchowska KB, Pascoe DJ, Borsley S, Smolyar IV, Mati IK, Adam C, Nichol GS, Ling KB, Cockroft SL. Reconciling Electrostatic and n→π* Orbital Contributions in Carbonyl Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila B. Muchowska
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Dominic J. Pascoe
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Stefan Borsley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Ivan V. Smolyar
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Ioulia K. Mati
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Catherine Adam
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Kenneth B. Ling
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre Bracknell Berkshire RG42 6EY UK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry The University of Edinburgh Joseph Black Building David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Muchowska KB, Pascoe DJ, Borsley S, Smolyar IV, Mati IK, Adam C, Nichol GS, Ling KB, Cockroft SL. Reconciling Electrostatic and n→π* Orbital Contributions in Carbonyl Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14602-14608. [PMID: 32485046 PMCID: PMC7496118 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between carbonyl groups are prevalent in protein structures. Earlier investigations identified dominant electrostatic dipolar interactions, while others implicated lone pair n→π* orbital delocalisation. Here these observations are reconciled. A combined experimental and computational approach confirmed the dominance of electrostatic interactions in a new series of synthetic molecular balances, while also highlighting the distance-dependent observation of inductive polarisation manifested by n→π* orbital delocalisation. Computational fiSAPT energy decomposition and natural bonding orbital analyses correlated with experimental data to reveal the contexts in which short-range inductive polarisation augment electrostatic dipolar interactions. Thus, we provide a framework for reconciling the context dependency of the dominance of electrostatic interactions and the occurrence of n→π* orbital delocalisation in C=O⋅⋅⋅C=O interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila B. Muchowska
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryThe University of EdinburghJoseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Dominic J. Pascoe
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryThe University of EdinburghJoseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Stefan Borsley
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryThe University of EdinburghJoseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Ivan V. Smolyar
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryThe University of EdinburghJoseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Ioulia K. Mati
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryThe University of EdinburghJoseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Catherine Adam
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryThe University of EdinburghJoseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryThe University of EdinburghJoseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| | - Kenneth B. Ling
- SyngentaJealott's Hill International Research CentreBracknellBerkshireRG42 6EYUK
| | - Scott L. Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryThe University of EdinburghJoseph Black BuildingDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJUK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Strauss MA, Wegner HA. Exploring London Dispersion and Solvent Interactions at Alkyl-Alkyl Interfaces Using Azobenzene Switches. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18552-18556. [PMID: 31556224 PMCID: PMC6916273 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Interactions on the molecular level control structure as well as function. Especially interfaces between innocent alkyl groups are hardly studied although they are of great importance in larger systems. Herein, London dispersion in conjunction with solvent interactions between linear alkyl chains was examined with an azobenzene-based experimental setup. Alkyl chains in all meta positions of the azobenzene core were systematically elongated, and the change in rate for the thermally induced Z→E isomerization in n-decane was determined. The stability of the Z-isomer increased with longer chains and reached a maximum for n-butyl groups. Further elongation led to faster isomerization. The origin of the intramolecular interactions was elaborated by various techniques, including 1 H NOESY NMR spectroscopy. The results indicate that there are additional long-range interactions between n-alkyl chains with the opposite phenyl core in the Z-state. These interactions are most likely dominated by attractive London dispersion. This work provides rare insight into the stabilizing contributions of highly flexible groups in an intra- as well as an intermolecular setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJustus-Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GiessenGermany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus-Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1635392GiessenGermany
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJustus-Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GiessenGermany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus-Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1635392GiessenGermany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhan YY, Jiang QC, Ishii K, Koide T, Kobayashi O, Kojima T, Takahashi S, Tachikawa M, Uchiyama S, Hiraoka S. Polarizability and isotope effects on dispersion interactions in water. Commun Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s42004-019-0242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTrue understanding of dispersion interaction in solution remains elusive because of difficulty in the precise evaluation of its interaction energy. Here, the effect of substituents with different polarizability on dispersion interactions in water is discussed based on the thermodynamic parameters determined by isothermal titration calorimetry for the formation of discrete aggregates from gear-shaped amphiphiles (GSAs). The substituents with higher polarizability enthalpically more stabilize the nanocube, which is due to stronger dispersion interactions and to the hydrophobic effect. The differences in the thermodynamic parameters for the nanocubes from the GSAs with CH3 and CD3 groups are also discussed to lead to the conclusion that the H/D isotope effect on dispersion interactions is negligibly small, which is due to almost perfect entropy-enthalpy compensation between the two isotopomers.
Collapse
|
28
|
Strauss MA, Wegner HA. Evaluierung von London‐Dispersions‐ und Lösungsmittel‐Interaktionen an Alkyl‐Alkyl‐Grenzflächen mittels Azobenzolschaltern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Deutschland
- Zentrum für Materialforschung (LaMa)Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Deutschland
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institut für Organische ChemieJustus-Liebig-Universität Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Deutschland
- Zentrum für Materialforschung (LaMa)Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Giessen Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Vidal-Vidal Á, Alonso-Gómez JL, Cid MM, Marín-Luna M. Aromatic interactions of allenyl-anthracene derivatives with pi-electron acceptor molecules: an experimental and computational study. Supramol Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2019.1685672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Vidal-Vidal
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- CITACA - Clúster de Investigación e Transferencia Agroalimentaria do Campus Auga, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | | | - María Magdalena Cid
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- CITACA - Clúster de Investigación e Transferencia Agroalimentaria do Campus Auga, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Marta Marín-Luna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
- CITACA - Clúster de Investigación e Transferencia Agroalimentaria do Campus Auga, Universidade de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mononuclear Ru(II) PolyPyridyl Water Oxidation Catalysts Decorated with Perfluoroalkyl C
8
H
17
‐Tag Bearing Chains. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
31
|
Robalo JR, Streacker LM, Mendes de Oliveira D, Imhof P, Ben-Amotz D, Verde AV. Hydrophobic but Water-Friendly: Favorable Water–Perfluoromethyl Interactions Promote Hydration Shell Defects. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15856-15868. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- João R. Robalo
- Department of Theory & Bio-systems, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Louis M. Streacker
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | | | - Petra Imhof
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Free University of Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dor Ben-Amotz
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ana Vila Verde
- Department of Theory & Bio-systems, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pollice R, Fleckenstein F, Shenderovich I, Chen P. Compensation of London Dispersion in the Gas Phase and in Aprotic Solvents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14281-14288. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pollice
- ETH Zürich Laboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Felix Fleckenstein
- ETH Zürich Laboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Ilya Shenderovich
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universitätsstraße 31 Regensburg 93040 Germany
| | - Peter Chen
- ETH Zürich Laboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pollice R, Fleckenstein F, Shenderovich I, Chen P. Compensation of London Dispersion in the Gas Phase and in Aprotic Solvents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pollice
- ETH Zürich Laboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Felix Fleckenstein
- ETH Zürich Laboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| | - Ilya Shenderovich
- Universität Regensburg Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universitätsstraße 31 Regensburg 93040 Germany
| | - Peter Chen
- ETH Zürich Laboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich Zürich 8093 Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pollice R, Chen P. A Universal Quantitative Descriptor of the Dispersion Interaction Potential. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9758-9769. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pollice
- ETH ZürichLaboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Peter Chen
- ETH ZürichLaboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pollice R, Chen P. A Universal Quantitative Descriptor of the Dispersion Interaction Potential. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pollice
- ETH ZürichLaboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Peter Chen
- ETH ZürichLaboratorium für Organische Chemie Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, HCI G207/ETH Zürich 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zheng H, Ye H, Yu X, You L. Interplay between n→π* Interactions and Dynamic Covalent Bonds: Quantification and Modulation by Solvent Effects. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8825-8833. [PMID: 31075197 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Orbital donor-acceptor interactions play critical roles throughout chemistry, and hence, their regulation and functionalization are of great significance. Herein we demonstrate for the first time the investigation of n→π* interactions through the strategy of dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC), and we further showcase its use in the stabilization of imine. The n→π* interaction between donor X and acceptor aldehyde/imine within 2-X-2'-formylbiphenyl derivatives was found to significantly influence the thermodynamics of imine exchange. The orbital interaction was then quantified through imine exchange, the equilibrium of which was successfully correlated with the difference in natural bond orbital stabilization energy of n→π* interactions of aldehyde and its imine. Moreover, the examination of solvent effects provided insights into the distinct feature of the modulation of n→π* interaction with aprotic and protic solvents. The n→π* interaction involving imine was enhanced in protic solvents due to hydrogen bonding with the solvent. This finding further enabled the stabilization of imine in purely aqueous solution. The strategies and results reported should find application in many fields, including molecular recognition, biological labeling, and asymmetric catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002 , China.,College of Chemistry and Material Science , Fujian Normal University , Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Hebo Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002 , China.,University of Chinese of Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiaoxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002 , China.,College of Chemistry and Material Science , Fujian Normal University , Fuzhou 350007 China
| | - Lei You
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou 350002 , China.,University of Chinese of Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sáenz-Tavera IDC, Rosas-García VM. Ab initio calculations and reduced density gradient analyses of the structure and energetics of hydrated calcium fluoride and calcium carbonate. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:5744-5758. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06353b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We studied microhydrated calcium fluoride, calcium carbonate and their ions at the MP2/6-311++G** level of theory and found that water–water non-covalent interactions destabilize the solvation shell, and are compensated by cooperative hydrogen bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor M. Rosas-García
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
- UANL
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Ave. Universidad S/N
- Cd. Universitaria
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tang Y, Zhang X, Choi P, Xu Z, Liu Q. Contributions of van der Waals Interactions and Hydrophobic Attraction to Molecular Adhesions on a Hydrophobic MoS 2 Surface in Water. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:14196-14203. [PMID: 30373365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pushing the boundaries of the investigation of hydrophobic attraction (HA) to the molecular scale readily ensures the collection of experimental results free of secondary effects, thereby facilitating the unraveling of the underlying mechanism by providing clean experimental results that truly reflect the hydrophobic attraction. Regardless of the feasibility of this approach, investigations using this promising method are stagnant due to the difficulties in determining the individual contributions of HA and van der Waals (vdW) interactions at the molecular scale. Here, a novel approach was proposed for the first time to determine the individual contributions of vdW interactions and HA by studying the single-molecule adhesion forces of a neutral oligo ethylene glycol methacrylate copolymer on a MoS2 crystal exposed to different water chemistry. The anisotropic surface properties of MoS2 enabled the partitioning of vdW interactions and hydrophobic attraction in total single-molecule adhesion forces and also enabled determining the contribution of electrostatic interaction (ESI). When the presence of ESI is excluded, the study of single-molecule adhesion forces using single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) revealed that the contribution of vdW interactions to total molecular interactions was smaller than 9 pN. The strong single-molecule adhesion forces of oligo ethylene glycol copolymer on the hydrophobic basal surface of MoS2 demonstrated that HA plays a dominant role with contribution up to 89% to the total single-molecule adhesion force. By utilizing the derived theoretical model, we quantified the individual contribution of each fundamental interaction under a variety of conditions. This study proposed a facile approach to quantitatively clarify the roles of vdW interactions and HA at the molecular scale, which may help assist future experimental and theoretical investigations of hydrophobic (solvophobic) effects and vdW interactions in aqueous solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuechao Tang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Xurui Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Phillip Choi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Zhenghe Xu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Qingxia Liu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Strauss MA, Wegner HA. Molecular Systems for the Quantification of London Dispersion Interactions. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Justus-Liebig University Giessen; Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Justus-Liebig University Giessen; Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lungerich D, Hitzenberger JF, Hampel F, Drewello T, Jux N. Superbenzene-Porphyrin Gas-Phase Architectures Derived from Intermolecular Dispersion Interactions. Chemistry 2018; 24:15818-15824. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Lungerich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary, Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Organic Chemistry II; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg; Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 90458 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemistry & Molecular Technology Innovation Chair; University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Jakob F. Hitzenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Physical Chemistry I; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg; Egerlandstr. 3 90458 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary, Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Organic Chemistry II; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg; Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 90458 Erlangen Germany
| | - Thomas Drewello
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Physical Chemistry I; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg; Egerlandstr. 3 90458 Erlangen Germany
| | - Norbert Jux
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary, Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Organic Chemistry II; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg; Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 90458 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Cavitation energies can outperform dispersion interactions. Nat Chem 2018; 10:1252-1257. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-018-0146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
42
|
Rösel S, Becker J, Allen WD, Schreiner PR. Probing the Delicate Balance between Pauli Repulsion and London Dispersion with Triphenylmethyl Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14421-14432. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sören Rösel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Peter R. Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gholipour A, Abolhassanzadeh Parizi M, Sadat Neyband R. The effect of π-π stacking interaction on hydrogen bonding in a molecular seesaw balance: A NMR study. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
44
|
Marin-Luna M, Pölloth B, Zott F, Zipse H. Size-dependent rate acceleration in the silylation of secondary alcohols: the bigger the faster. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6509-6515. [PMID: 30310581 PMCID: PMC6115683 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01889h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Relative rates for the reaction of secondary alcohols carrying large aromatic moieties with silyl chlorides carrying equally large substituents have been determined in organic solvents. Introducing thoroughly matching pairs of big dispersion energy donor (DED) groups enhanced rate constants up to four times, notably depending on the hydrogen bond donor ability of the solvent. A linear correlation between computed dispersion energy contributions to the stability of the silyl ether products and experimental relative rate constants was found. These results indicate a cooperation between solvophobic effects and DED-groups in the kinetic control of silylation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marin-Luna
- Department of Chemistry , LMU München , Butenandtstrasse 5-13 , 81377 , München , Germany .
| | - Benjamin Pölloth
- Department of Chemistry , LMU München , Butenandtstrasse 5-13 , 81377 , München , Germany .
| | - Fabian Zott
- Department of Chemistry , LMU München , Butenandtstrasse 5-13 , 81377 , München , Germany .
| | - Hendrik Zipse
- Department of Chemistry , LMU München , Butenandtstrasse 5-13 , 81377 , München , Germany .
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Hiraoka S. Unresolved Issues that Remain in Molecular Self-Assembly. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Jedidi Yaich B, Ould Amanatoullah A, Mekni NH, Romdhani-Younes M. Study of the zinc action on the 2-chloroethyl 2-bromo-2-perfluoroalkylethanoates. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2018.1465265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Balsem Jedidi Yaich
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abakar Ould Amanatoullah
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nejib Hussein Mekni
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Moufida Romdhani-Younes
- Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wechsel R, Žabka M, Ward JW, Clayden J. Competing Hydrogen-Bond Polarities in a Dynamic Oligourea Foldamer: A Molecular Spring Torsion Balance. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3528-3531. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Romina Wechsel
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Matej Žabka
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - John W. Ward
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Clayden
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jütten L, Ramírez-Gualito K, Weilhard A, Albrecht B, Cuevas G, Fernández-Alonso MD, Jiménez-Barbero J, Schlörer NE, Diaz D. Exploring the Role of Solvent on Carbohydrate-Aryl Interactions by Diffusion NMR-Based Studies. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:536-543. [PMID: 31457911 PMCID: PMC6641296 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-protein interactions play an important role in many molecular recognition processes. An exquisite combination of multiple factors favors the interaction of the receptor with one specific type of sugar, whereas others are excluded. Stacking CH-aromatic interactions within the binding site provide a relevant contribution to the stabilization of the resulting sugar-protein complex. Being experimentally difficult to detect and analyze, the key CH-π interaction features have been very often dissected using a variety of techniques and simple model systems. In the present work, diffusion NMR spectroscopy has been employed to separate the components of sugar mixtures in different solvents on the basis of their differential ability to interact through CH-π interactions with one particular aromatic cosolute in solution. The experimental data show that the properties of the solvent did also influence the diffusion behavior of the sugars present in the mixture, inhibiting or improving their separation. Overall, the results showed that, for the considered monosaccharide derivatives, their diffusion coefficient values and, consequently, their apparent molecular sizes and/or shapes depend on the balance between solute/cosolute as well as solute/solvent interactions. Thus, in certain media and in the presence of the aromatic cosolute, the studied saccharides that are more suited to display CH-π interactions exhibited a lower diffusion coefficient than the noncomplexing sugars in the mixture. However, when dissolved in another medium, the interaction with the solvent strongly competes with that of the aromatic cosolute.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Jütten
- Department
für Chemie, NMR-Abteilung, Universität
zu Köln, Greinstr.
4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Karla Ramírez-Gualito
- Centro
de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Luis Enrique Erro S/N, Unidad Profesional
Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, C.P. 07738 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Andreas Weilhard
- Department
für Chemie, NMR-Abteilung, Universität
zu Köln, Greinstr.
4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Benjamin Albrecht
- Department
für Chemie, NMR-Abteilung, Universität
zu Köln, Greinstr.
4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Gabriel Cuevas
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Delegación Coyoacán, C.P. 04510 Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIC
bioGUNE, Science and
Technology Park bld 801 A, 48160 Derio, Spain
- Basque Foundation
for Science, Ikerbasque, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Department
of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Nils E. Schlörer
- Department
für Chemie, NMR-Abteilung, Universität
zu Köln, Greinstr.
4, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Dolores Diaz
- Department
für Chemie, NMR-Abteilung, Universität
zu Köln, Greinstr.
4, 50939 Köln, Germany
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Emenike BU, Spinelle RA, Rosario A, Shinn DW, Yoo B. Solvent Modulation of Aromatic Substituent Effects in Molecular Balances Controlled by CH−π Interactions. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:909-915. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bright U. Emenike
- Department of Chemistry, State of University of New York, Old Westbury, New York 11568, United States
| | - Ronald A. Spinelle
- Department of Chemistry, State of University of New York, Old Westbury, New York 11568, United States
| | - Ambar Rosario
- Department of Chemistry, State of University of New York, Old Westbury, New York 11568, United States
| | - David W. Shinn
- Department of Math and Science, U.S. Merchant Marine Academy, Kings
Point, New York 11024, United States
| | - Barney Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tanaka N, Zhan YY, Ozawa Y, Kojima T, Koide T, Mashiko T, Nagashima U, Tachikawa M, Hiraoka S. Semi-quantitative evaluation of molecular meshing via surface analysis with varying probe radii. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3335-3338. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00695d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Molecular meshing in molecular recognition and assembly can be assessed by plotting the distribution of contact surfaces against the contact distance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naru Tanaka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| | - Yi-Yang Zhan
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| | - Yuka Ozawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kojima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| | - Takuya Koide
- Quantum Chemistry Division, Graduate School of Science, Yokohama City University
- Yokohama
- Japan
| | - Takako Mashiko
- Quantum Chemistry Division, Graduate School of Science, Yokohama City University
- Yokohama
- Japan
| | | | - Masanori Tachikawa
- Quantum Chemistry Division, Graduate School of Science, Yokohama City University
- Yokohama
- Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 153-8902
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|