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Bastos R, Marín-Montesinos I, Ferreira SS, Mentink-Vigier F, Sardo M, Mafra L, Coimbra MA, Coelho E. Covalent connectivity of glycogen in brewer's spent yeast cell walls revealed by enzymatic approaches and dynamic nuclear polarization NMR. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121475. [PMID: 37985041 PMCID: PMC10695155 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Yeast cell walls undergo modifications during the brewing process, leading to a remodelling of their architecture. One significant change is the increased insolubility of the cell wall glycogen pool, likely due to the formation of covalent bonds between glycogen and cell wall polysaccharides. To verify this hypothesis, we extracted the brewer's spent yeast with 4 M KOH, obtaining an insoluble glucan fraction (AE.4 M) primarily composed of (α1 → 4)- and (1 → 3)-linked Glc residues. Dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR of AE.4 M revealed distinct glucan resonances that helped to differentiate between α- and β glucosyl (1 → 4)-linked residues, and confirm covalent linkages between (β1 → 3)-glucans and glycogen through a (β1 → 4)-linkage. The hydrolysis with different endo-glucanases (zymolyase, cellulase, and lichenase) was used to obtain solubilized high molecular weight glycogen fractions. NMR analysis showed that covalent links between glycogen and (β1 → 6)-glucans through (α1 → 6) glycosidic linkage, with branching at the C6 position involving (β1 → 3), and (β1 → 6)-glucans. HPAEC-PAD analysis of the enzymatically released oligosaccharides confirmed covalent linkages of (β1 → 3), (β1 → 6)-, and (β1 → 4)-glucan motifs with (α1 → 4)-glucans. This combination of multiple enzymatic approaches and NMR methods shed light into the role of yeast cell wall glycogen as a structural core covalently linked to other cell wall components during the brewing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bastos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ildefonso Marín-Montesinos
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Sónia S Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Frédéric Mentink-Vigier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, 32310, FL, United States.
| | - Mariana Sardo
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Luís Mafra
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Elisabete Coelho
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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2
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Jin Z, Ma Q, Chen X, Wang H, Zhu J, Lee YK, Zhang H, Zhao J, Lu W, Chen W. An α type gluco-oligosaccharide from brown algae Laminaria japonica stimulated the growth of lactic acid bacteria encoding specific ABC transport system components. Food Funct 2022; 13:11153-11168. [PMID: 36205751 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01981g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Glucan is the most widely distributed glycan. Many probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) encoded corresponding hydrolytic enzymes, which could use these glucans as energy substances. Brown alga is rich in glucan and has high edible and medicinal value, but research on its regulation to probiotics is not detailed enough. In this study, we determined a novel neutral α type gluco-oligosaccharide from the brown alga Laminaria japonica with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 2-8 and a structure that mainly consists of α-(1→4)-linked glycosidic bonds called Laminaria japonica gluco-oligosaccharide (LJGO). Fermentation in vitro and gene-phenotype correlation analyses revealed that LJGO selectively stimulated the growth of the LAB strain encoding a specific ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport system in a GH13 gene cluster, with apparent differences among 14 tested species. Comparative genomics further revealed that this transport system is species-specific, implying a potential contribution to species evolution. Transcriptomic analysis based on LAB strains cultured on LJGO and 1H-NMR findings of LJGO residues after strain utilization showed that the GH13 gene cluster contains functional LAB genes involved in LJGO utilization. Further verification by gene knockout studies is needed to expand our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Qingqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Jinlin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yuan-Kun Lee
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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3
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Liu R, Shi S, Xiong S, Su J, Gan X, Wu J, Wang H, Wang S. Quality Markers of Dendrobium officinale by “Oligosaccharide-Spectrum-Effect” Relationships. Front Nutr 2022; 9:914380. [PMID: 35757268 PMCID: PMC9221367 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.914380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and a functional food for thousands of years. Carbohydrate is one of the most important effective substances and indicative components in D. officinale. However, since the qualitative and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides in D. officinale remains a challenge and limitation, herein, an oligosaccharide-quality marker approach was newly developed for quality assessment of D. officinale by spectrum–effect relationships between high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) fingerprints and anti-inflammatory effects. The HPLC fingerprints of 48 batches of oligosaccharides from D. officinale (DOOS) were developed and analyzed with similarity analysis (SA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and eight common peaks were identified. In vitro screening experiment indicated that DOOS potentially inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and effectively reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells, thereby reducing the inflammatory response of cells. Finally, the HPLC fingerprint of different batches of DOOS was combined with in vitro anti-inflammatory activity to assess the spectrum–effect relationships of DOOS by gray correlation analysis (GCA), in addition, the purified oligosaccharide components were identified and validated for NO inhibitory activity. Our results showed four DOOS (maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, and mannohexaose) were relevant to anti-inflammatory effects and could be as quality markers for the quality control of D. officinale. It suggests that the “oligosaccharide-spectrum-effect” relationships approach is a simple and reliable method for the quality control of herb medicines or nutritious foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Liu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songshan Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Si Xiong
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Su
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaona Gan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (China) Co., Ltd., R&D Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huijun Wang, , orcid.org/0000-0001-6319-498X
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shunchun Wang, , orcid.org/0000-0003-0384-1350
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4
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Wu W, Li Z, Qin F, Qiu J. Anti-diabetic effects of the soluble dietary fiber from tartary buckwheat bran in diabetic mice and their potential mechanisms. Food Nutr Res 2021; 65:4998. [PMID: 33613154 PMCID: PMC7869439 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.4998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tartary buckwheat has beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the physiological effects of a soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from tartary buckwheat have rarely been studied, especially in vivo. Objective This study aimed to examine the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of SDF from tartary buckwheat bran on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Design The SDF of tartary buckwheat bran was collected according to the Association of Official Analytical Chemists method 991.43. Diabetic mice were treated with high-fat diets supplemented with 0.5, 1, and 2% SDF for 8 weeks. Parameters related to glucose and lipid metabolism and relevant mechanisms, including the excretion of short-chain fatty acids and the glycemic signaling pathway in the liver, were investigated. In addition, the structural characterization of a purified polysaccharide from SDF of tartary buckwheat bran was illustrated. Result Supplementation with SDF in the diet resulted in reduced levels of fasting blood glucose, improved oral glucose tolerance, increased levels of liver glycogen and insulin, as well as improved lipid profiles in both the serum and liver, in diabetic mice. The amelioration of glucose and lipid metabolism by SDF was accompanied by an increase in the short-chain fatty acid levels in the cecum and co-regulated by hepatic adenosine-5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. A neutral tartary buckwheat polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 19.6 kDa was purified from the SDF, which consisted mainly of glucose with α-glycosidic bonds. Conclusions The SDF of tartary buckwheat bran exhibits hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in diabetic mice, contributing to the anti-diabetic mechanisms of tartary buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Wu
- Department of Public Health and Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zaigui Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Qin
- Department of Public Health and Medical Technology, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ju Qiu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haidian, Beijing, China
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5
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Johnson S, Bagdi AK, Tanaka F. C-Glycosidation of Unprotected Di- and Trisaccharide Aldopyranoses with Ketones Using Pyrrolidine-Boric Acid Catalysis. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4581-4597. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sherida Johnson
- Chemistry and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Avik Kumar Bagdi
- Chemistry and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Fujie Tanaka
- Chemistry and Chemical Bioengineering Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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6
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A new polyacetylene glucoside from Vernonia scorpioides and its potential antihyperglycemic effect. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 279:95-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Hiruma-Shimizu K, Kalverda AP, Henderson PJF, Homans SW, Patching SG. Synthesis of uniformly deuteratedn-dodecyl-β-d-maltoside (d39-DDM) for solubilization of membrane proteins in TROSY NMR experiments. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2014; 57:737-43. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Hiruma-Shimizu
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Waseda University; Tokyo Japan
| | - Arnout P. Kalverda
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - Peter J. F. Henderson
- School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - Steve W. Homans
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Newcastle University; Newcastle UK
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8
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Zhang F, Vasella A. Regioselective synthesis of 1I,1II,5I,5II,6I,6I,6II,6II-2H8-cellobiose. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:2546-56. [PMID: 17803982 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Revised: 07/13/2007] [Accepted: 07/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Partially deuteriated 1,5,6,6-(2)H(4)-d-glucose and 1(I),1(II),5(I),5(II),6(I),6(I),6(II),6(II)-(2)H(8)-d-cellobiose were synthesized in high yields and on a large scale from d-glucose. (2)H enrichment at C-5 and C-6 of each glucopyranosyl unit in excess of 85% and 90%, respectively, was realized by (1)H-(2)H exchange in (2)H(2)O containing deuteriated Raney Ni. Nucleophilic addition of LiAlD(4) to 5,6,6-(2)H(3)-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-d-gluconolactone led to a 98% (2)H enrichment at C-1. Deuteriated cellobiose is of interest as building block for the synthesis of a model compound of cellulose I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Zhang
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Fyfe CA, Dudley RL, Stephenson PJ, Deslandes Y, Hamer GK, Marchessault RH. Application of High-Resolution Solid-State NMR with Cross-Polarization/Magic-Angle Spinning (CP/MAS) Techniques to Cellulose Chemistry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07366578308079442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Remaud M, Paul F, Monsan P, Lopez-Munguia A, Vignon M. Characterization of α-(1→3) Branched Oligosaccharides Synthesized by Acceptor Reaction with the Extracellular Glucosyltransferases fromL. MesenteroidesNRRL B-742. J Carbohydr Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/07328309208017999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Remaud
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - F. Paul
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - P. Monsan
- a Bioeurope , BP 4196, 4 impasse Didier-Daurat, 31031, Toulouse, cedex, France
| | - A. Lopez-Munguia
- b Centro de Investigation sobre Ingenieria Genética y Biotecnologia , UNAM. Apartado Postal 510-3; Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62271, México
| | - M. Vignon
- c CERMAV-CNRS , BP, 53X 38041, Grenoble, cedex, France
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11
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Pullulans produced by strains of Cryphonectria parasitica—II. Nuclear magnetic resonance evidence. Carbohydr Polym 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2005.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Fraschini C, Greffe L, Driguez H, Vignon MR. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of 6ω-modified maltooligosaccharides from cyclodextrin derivatives. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:1893-9. [PMID: 15992783 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2005.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2005] [Revised: 05/12/2005] [Accepted: 06/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Regioselectively substituted maltooligosaccharides were prepared by enzymatic transformation of modified cyclodextrins by using simultaneously two different enzymes: cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) and amyloglucosidase. Oligosaccharides were obtained in very good yields and their structures were identified by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. These results provided new information about the specificity of the catalytic sites of CGTase and amyloglucosidase. They also offered new ways for the synthesis of regioselectively modified maltooligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Fraschini
- Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), FR CNRS 2607, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 9, France
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13
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Thomas M, Chauvelon G, Lahaye M, Saulnier L. Location of sulfate groups on sulfoacetate derivatives of cellulose. Carbohydr Res 2003; 338:761-70. [PMID: 12668096 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble cellulose acetate sulfate (CAS) with a degree of acetylation (DS(Ac)) 2.4 and a degree of sulfation (DS(Sulf)) of 0.3 was obtained by direct acetylation of cellulose using sulfuric acid as catalyst. Using methylation analysis, IR and NMR spectroscopy, sulfate groups have been located on primary alcohol function of glucose residues. The distribution of the sulfate groups along the cellulose chain has been investigated using enzymatic hydrolysis. CAS was first de-acetylated under mild hydrolysis conditions (NaOH 0.25 mol/L at room temperature), and then cellulose sulfate was hydrolyzed by a cellulolytic complex (Celluclast 1.5L). Reaction products were separated by ion exchange chromatography on a DEAE Sepharose CL6B column into five fractions F(1), F(2), F(3), F(4) and F(5), which were analyzed for their chemical composition. F(1) was glucose and represented the main product of reaction (approximately 50% of the initial glucose), F(2) was a dimer (approximately 30%) with a ratio Sulfates-Glucose of 0.41 (about one sulfate group for two glucose units), F(3) a trimer (approximately 10%) with a ratio Sulfates-Glucose of 0.62 (about two sulfate groups for three glucose units), and F(4) a tetramer (approximately 5%) with a ratio Sulfates-Glucose of 0.69. The structure of the oligomers was established using 1H and 13C NMR. The observed proportion of the different blocks of sulfate groups was in good agreement with computed random distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Thomas
- INRA, Unité de Recherche sur les Polysaccharides, leurs Organisations et Interactions, BP 71627, F-44316 Nantes, France
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14
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Potocki de Montalk G, Remaud-Simeon M, Willemot RM, Sarçabal P, Planchot V, Monsan P. Amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea: novel catalytic properties. FEBS Lett 2000; 471:219-23. [PMID: 10767427 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Amylosucrase is a glucosyltransferase that synthesises an insoluble alpha-glucan from sucrose. The catalytic properties of the highly purified amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea were characterised. Contrary to previously published results, it was demonstrated that in the presence of sucrose alone, several reactions are catalysed, in addition to polymer synthesis: sucrose hydrolysis, maltose and maltotriose synthesis by successive transfers of the glucosyl moiety of sucrose onto the released glucose, and finally turanose and trehalulose synthesis - these two sucrose isomers being obtained by glucosyl transfer onto fructose. The effect of initial sucrose concentration on initial activity demonstrated a non-Michaelian profile never previously described.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Potocki de Montalk
- Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR CNRS 5504, UMR INRA 792, INSA, Complexe Scientifique de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
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15
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Flugge LA, Blank JT, Petillo PA. Isolation, Modification, and NMR Assignments of a Series of Cellulose Oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja990561u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Flugge
- Contribution from the Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Jarred T. Blank
- Contribution from the Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Peter A. Petillo
- Contribution from the Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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16
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17
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Fujita M, Shoda SI, Kobayashi S. Xylanase-Catalyzed Synthesis of a Novel Polysaccharide Having a Glucose-Xylose Repeating Unit, a Cellulose-Xylan Hybrid Polymer. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja980893j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Fujita
- Department of Materials Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Shoda
- Department of Materials Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Shiro Kobayashi
- Department of Materials Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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18
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19
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Drepper A, Peitzmann R, Pape H. Maltokinase (ATP:maltose 1-phosphotransferase) from Actinoplanes sp.: demonstration of enzyme activity and characterization of the reaction product. FEBS Lett 1996; 388:177-9. [PMID: 8690081 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(96)00554-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cell free extract of the acarbose producer Actinoplanes sp. catalyzes ATP-dependent phosphorylation of maltose. This was shown by two different assays. The product was purified and its structure determined to be alpha-maltose-1-phosphate by chemical analysis and NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Drepper
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
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20
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Characterization of carbohydrate components of an unusual hydrogel formed by seed coats of Magonia pubescens (Tingui). Carbohydr Res 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(95)00390-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Cowman MK, Hittner DM, Feder-Davis J. 13C-NMR Studies of Hyaluronan: Conformational Sensitivity to Varied Environments†. Macromolecules 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ma951701x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chemical characteristics of insoluble glucans from the cell wall of the marine green alga Ulva lactuca (L.) Thuret. Carbohydr Res 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(94)84008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Liu J, Waterhouse AL, Chatterton NJ. Do Inulin Oligomers Adopt a Regular Helical Form in Solution? J Carbohydr Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/07328309408011686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Remaud-Simeon M, Lopez-Munguia A, Pelenc V, Paul F, Monsan P. Production and use of glucosyltransferases from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299 for the synthesis of oligosaccharides containing alpha-(1-->2) linkages. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1994; 44:101-17. [PMID: 8017898 DOI: 10.1007/bf02921648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Glucosyltransferase activities, produced by batch culture of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1299, were recovered both in the culture supernatant (SGT) and associated with the insoluble part of the culture (IGT). A total glucosyltransferase activity of 3.5 U/mL was measured in batch culture. The enzymes from the supernatant were purified 313 times using aqueous two-phase partition between dextran and PEG phases, yielding a preparation with 18.8 U/mg protein. It was shown that both SGT and IGT preparations catalyze acceptor reactions and transfer the glucose unit from sucrose onto maltose to produce glucooligosaccharides. Some of the glucooligosaccharides synthesized (Ln series) contain alpha-(1-->6) osidic linkages and a maltose residue at the reducing end. They were completely hydrolyzed by glucoamylase and dextranase. The other glucooligosaccharides synthesized (Bn series) resisted the action of these enzymes. The tetrasaccharide of this series has been characterized by 13C NMR. Its structure was determined as 2-O-alpha-D-glucosylpanose. The oligosaccharides synthesized by the maltose acceptor reaction with the SGT and IGT preparations only differed in the relative amounts in which they were produced. The difference may arise from diffusional limitations appearing when the insoluble catalyst is used. Under the assay conditions, the glucanase resistant oligosaccharide yield was 35% with both glucosyltransferase preparations.
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Nehls I, Wagenknecht W, Philipp B, Stscherbina D. Characterization of cellulose and cellulose derivatives in solution by high resolution 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Prog Polym Sci 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0079-6700(94)90037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Koto S, Morishima N, Shichi S, Haigoh H, Hirooka M, Okamoto M, Higuchi T, Shimizu K, Hashimoto Y, Irisawa T, Kawasaki H, Takahashi Y, Yamazaki M, Mori Y, Kudo K, Ikegaki T, Suzuki S, Zen S. Dehydrative Glycosylation Using Heptabenzyl Derivatives of Glucobioses and Lactose. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1992. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.65.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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The chemical composition of the wall of six species of Aphanoascus: the taxonomic significance of the presence of α-(1–2) (1–6) mannan and α-(1–4) glucan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80952-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Shimamura A, Tsumori H, Mukasa H. Assignment of 13C-n.m.r. signals for reduced isomaltooligosaccharides. Carbohydr Res 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(91)80022-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kadkhodaei M, Wu H, Brant DA. Comparison of the conformational dynamics of the (1----4)- and (1----6)-linked alpha-D-glucans using 13C-NMR relaxation. Biopolymers 1991; 31:1581-92. [PMID: 1814505 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360311313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The conformational dynamics of alpha-(1----4)- and alpha-(1----6)-glucan homooligomers in the nanosecond time domain have been compared by measuring the 13C-nmr longitudinal relaxation times T1 for carbons of the terminal and interior sugar residues. Measurements are reported on monomeric glucose and on oligomers containing up to ten glucose residues at room temperature in aqueous solution at concentrations of 3 and 20 g/dL. The carbons of terminal residues display longer relaxation times than do those of interior residues, presumably as a consequence of a greater degree of conformational mobility of the chain ends. The T1s of the reducing terminal residues of all oligomers are significantly longer than those of the corresponding nonreducing termini, a phenomenon that we associate tentatively with the anomeric equilibrium at the reducing end. Carbons of the reducing terminal residues in the beta-anomeric form relax more slowly than their alpha-anomeric counterparts. At 20 g/dL the mean T1s for carbons of the terminal and interior residues attain asymptotic behavior with increasing chain length at a chain length of about six residues, and carbons of the alpha-(1----4)-linked maltooligomers relax significantly more slowly than those of the corresponding alpha-(1----6)-linked isomaltooligomers. The T1s of both glucan series increase with decreasing concentration. This concentration dependence disappears below 3 g/dL, where the T1s of the two series of homoligomers are no longer distinguishable. This suggests that in dilute aqueous solution at room temperature viscous damping effects predominate over contributions to the T1-sensitive conformational dynamics from structural differences in the glycosidic linkage region. At 3 g/dL the approach to long chain-length asymptotic behavior is more protracted than at 20 g/dL, and the T1s of carbons of interior oligomeric residues appear to match the corresponding high-polymer behavior at a chain length of eight and greater.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kadkhodaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine 92717
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Usmanov T. NMR spectroscopy of polysaccharide derivatives and their molecular structure. Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3950(91)90116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Characterization of pedicel, paper, and larval silk from nest ofPolistes annularis (L.). J Chem Ecol 1990; 16:3467-77. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00982111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/1990] [Accepted: 07/23/1990] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ikura M, Hikichi K. Two-dimensional 1H-N.M.R. studies of cello-oligosaccharides: The utility of multiple-relay chemical-shift-correlated spectroscopy. Carbohydr Res 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(87)80159-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Veregin RP, Fyfe CA, Marchessault RH, Taylor MG. Correlation of 13C chemical shifts with torsional angles from high-resolution, 13C-C.P.-M.A.S. N.M.R. studies of crystalline cyclomalto-oligosaccharide complexes, and their relation to the structures of the starch polymorphs. Carbohydr Res 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(87)80302-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Bosso C, Defaye J, Domard A, Gadelle A, Pedersen C. The behavior of chitin towards anhydrous hydrogen fluoride. Preparation of β-(1→4)-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranosyl oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Res 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90099-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hoffman RE, Christofides JC, Davies DB, Lawson CJ. Scope and limitations of the simple 13C-n.m.r. method of structural analysis of carbohydrates: glucodisaccharides. Carbohydr Res 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90190-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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V»rum KM, Kvam BJ, Myklestad S, Paulsen BS. Structure of a food-reserve β-d-glucan produced by the haptophyte alga Emiliania huxleyi (lohmann) hay and mohler. Carbohydr Res 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Radjabi-Nassab F, Ramiliarison C, Monneret C, Vilkas E. Further studies of the glucomannan from Aloe vahombe (liliaceae). II. Partial hydrolyses and NMR 13C studies. Biochimie 1984; 66:563-7. [PMID: 6529590 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9084(84)90151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The polysaccharide from Aloe vahombe (lilaceae) was submitted to partial hydrolyses by sulfuric, oxalic and phosphoric acid. Some oligosaccharides were isolated and investigated by chemical and 13C NMR spectroscopic methods. Their structure was determined. The results prove unambiguously that in the analyzed material the D-mannose is linked to the D-glucose by beta-1----4 linkages to form a carbohydrate heteropolymer.
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Voloch M, Ladisch MR, Cantarella M, Tsao GT. Preparation of cellodextrins using sulfuric acid. Biotechnol Bioeng 1984; 26:557-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260260525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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An examination of 13C- and 1H-chemical shifts in relation to the conformational stabilities of D-glucopyranose disaccharides and polysaccharides. Carbohydr Res 1982. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)80544-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Saitô H, Tabeta R. 13C CHEMICAL SHIFTS OF SOLID (1→4)-α-D-GLUCANS BY CROSS POLARIZATION/MAGIC ANGLE SPINNING (CP/MAS) NMR SPECTROSCOPY. CONFORMATION-DEPENDENT13C CHEMICAL SHIFT AS A REFERENCE IN DETERMINING CONFORMATION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION. CHEM LETT 1981. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1981.713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Conformational properties of chito-oligosaccharides: titration, optical rotation, and carbon-13 N.M.R. studies of chito-oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Res 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)84598-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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