1
|
Nazrul Islam M, Abdul Rub M, Rafikul Islam M, Abdul Goni M, Rana S, Kumar D, Asiri AM, Alghamdi YG, Anamul Hoque M, Kabir SE. Physico-chemical study of the effects of electrolytes and hydrotropes on the clouding development of TX-100 and ceftriaxone sodium drug mixture. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
|
2
|
Influence of alcohols on the lower consolute behavior and thermodynamic approach of Triton X-114 aqueous two-phase systems. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
3
|
Illous E, Doblinger S, Pipolo S, Ontiveros JF, Lebeuf R, Aubry JM. Salt-tolerance of alkyl-glyceryl ether carboxylates hydrotropes and surfactants. Dramatic effect of the methylation of the glyceryl spacer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 585:808-819. [PMID: 33158559 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The insertion of polyether spacers between the anionic head and the alkyl chain of ionic surfactants significantly improves their salt-tolerance. The aim of this work is to study whether the petro-based polyethoxy spacer can be replaced by a glyceryl ether group for high salinity applications. EXPERIMENTS A series of amphiphilic sodium salts of alkyl glyceryl ether carboxylates are synthesized with different alkyl chain lengths from 4 to 12 and various spacers between the glyceryl and the carboxylate groups. Their aggregation behavior is studied by tensiometry and their amphiphilicities are assessed by the PIT-slope method. The dramatic effect of the methylation of the glyceryl spacer on the salt-tolerance is highlighted, and rationalized by DFT calculations and molecular dynamics. FINDINGS In contrast to the corresponding sodium soap, n-C6H13-CO2Na, and to the non-methylated counterpart, the sodium salt of 1-pentyl-3-methyl glyceryl ether methylene carboxylate ([5.0.1]-CH2CO2Na) exhibits an excellent salt-tolerance since it remains water-soluble with NaCl or CaCl2 concentrations greater than 20 wt% at 25 °C. Amphiphiles with short alkyl chains (<C8) act as hydrotropes whereas longer compounds behave as surfactants whose CMC are lower than their corresponding isomers with ethoxy spacers n-Ci(EO)2CH2CO2Na.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Illous
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Simon Doblinger
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Silvio Pipolo
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jesús F Ontiveros
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Raphaël Lebeuf
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Aubry
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Illous E, Ontiveros JF, Lemahieu G, Lebeuf R, Aubry JM. Amphiphilicity and salt-tolerance of ethoxylated and propoxylated anionic surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
5
|
Bartolini A, Tempesti P, Ghobadi AF, Berti D, Smets J, Aouad YG, Baglioni P. Liquid-liquid phase separation of polymeric microdomains with tunable inner morphology: Mechanistic insights and applications. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 556:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
6
|
Gurung J, Pulikkal AK. Thermodynamic parameters of amitriptyline hydrochloride–additives at cloud point: effects of the ethanol–water mixed media. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2019.1657421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Gurung
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Chaltlang, Aizawl, India
| | - Ajmal Koya Pulikkal
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Mizoram, Chaltlang, Aizawl, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Souayeh M, Aoudia M, Al‐Maamari RS. Clouding Behavior of C
13
EO
x
(
x
= 10–19) Micelles in a Wide Range of Salinity and Hardness: Concomitant Effects of Salinity and Degree of Ethoxylation. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maissa Souayeh
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman
| | - Mohamed Aoudia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman
| | - Rashid S. Al‐Maamari
- Department of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Göke K, Roese E, Bunjes H. Heat Treatment of Poloxamer-Stabilized Triglyceride Nanodispersions: Effects and Underlying Mechanism. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3111-3120. [PMID: 29989820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lipid nanoemulsions are being investigated for the parenteral administration of poorly soluble drugs. A narrow particle size distribution in these formulations is a prerequisite for meaningful research and safe administration to patients. Autoclaving a poloxamer-stabilized trimyristin nanoemulsion resulted in moderate particle growth and a strong decrease in particle size distribution width ( Göke , K. ; Roese , E. ; Arnold , A. ; Kuntsche , J. ; Bunjes , H. Mol. Pharmaceutics 2016 , 13 , 3187 . ). In this work, the critical parameters for such a change upon autoclaving poloxamer 188-stabilized lipid nanodispersions were investigated to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Nanodispersions of triglycerides with esterified fatty acid chain lengths from C8 to C18 were treated at different temperatures and for varying durations. The influence of a decrease in poloxamer 188's cloud point was tested by adding potassium chloride to the dispersions prior to autoclaving. The influence of poloxamer 188 concentration and of the type of emulsifier was investigated. The change in particle size and particle size distribution width upon heat treatment was analyzed by dynamic or static light scattering or differential scanning calorimetry. A short esterified fatty acid chain length of the triglycerides, high temperatures, and the addition of potassium chloride were key factors for particle growth up to emulsion break up, whereas the cloud point of poloxamer 188 was irrelevant. Sodium dodecyl sulfate and sucrose laurate had negative effects on emulsion stability during autoclaving. It was concluded that the increase in particle size and the decrease in particle size distribution widths upon heat treatment resulted from heat-accelerated Ostwald ripening and not from a coalescence-based process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Göke
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Mendelssohnstraße 1 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany.,Zentrum für Pharmaverfahrenstechnik , Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Elin Roese
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Mendelssohnstraße 1 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Heike Bunjes
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie , Technische Universität Braunschweig , Mendelssohnstraße 1 , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany.,Zentrum für Pharmaverfahrenstechnik , Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Buchecker T, Schmid P, Renaudineau S, Diat O, Proust A, Pfitzner A, Bauduin P. Polyoxometalates in the Hofmeister series. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1833-1836. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc09113c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We propose a simple experimental procedure based on the cloud point measurement of a non-ionic surfactant as a tool for (i) estimating the super-chaotropic behaviour of polyoxometalates (POMs) and for (ii) establishing a classification of POMs according to their affinity towards polar surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Buchecker
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Philipp Schmid
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Séverine Renaudineau
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- CNRS UMR 8232
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire
- France
| | | | - Anna Proust
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- CNRS UMR 8232
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire
- France
| | - Arno Pfitzner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry
- University of Regensburg
- Regensburg
- Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tuning the self-assembly of EO-PO block copolymers and quercetin solubilization in the presence of some common pharmacuetical excipients: A comparative study on a linear triblock and a starblock copolymer. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
11
|
Effect of Sodium Carbonate on the Cloud Point in Alkyl Ether/Brine Systems: Apparent Relation with Dynamic Interfacial Tension Minimum. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-016-1870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
12
|
Besford QA, Liu M, Gray-Weale A. Pair correlations that link the hydrophobic and Hofmeister effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:14949-59. [PMID: 27222936 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05132k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Hofmeister effect describes how different ions make solutes more or less hydrophobic. The effect is thought to occur due to structural changes in the solvent induced by the ion's presence, particularly in water. In this study, the structural changes in water due to the presence of ions are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations of various monatomic ions in the SPC/E water model. Structural analyses reveal specific orientations of solvating waters around each of the ions studied. Using a new method, these orientations are quantified by a set of pair correlation functions that describe dipole-ion correlations in structure. These correlations are shown to contribute to the potential of mean force between waters and the ion of interest, and therefore to the free energy of the system. The magnitude of this free energy is found to result in a Hofmeister series for the various ions studied, therefore demonstrating a Hofmeister effect with respect to water's structure that is quantified by pair correlation functions. Most crucially, the pair correlations that lead to this Hofmeister effect also contribute to the hydrophobic effect (the entropy of hydrophobic solvation) [Liu et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2015, 142, 114117], and those which dominate the hydrophobic effect are modulated by an ion's presence, therefore demonstrating a mechanistic link between the two effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maoyuan Liu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Angus Gray-Weale
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Micelle mediated extraction for preconcentration of Eu(III) prior to determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
14
|
Saberi AH, Fang Y, McClements DJ. Effect of salts on formation and stability of vitamin E-enriched mini-emulsions produced by spontaneous emulsification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:11246-11253. [PMID: 25343750 DOI: 10.1021/jf503862u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Emulsion-based delivery systems are being utilized to incorporate lipophilic bioactive components into various food, personal care, and pharmaceutical products. This study examined the influence of inorganic salts (NaCl and CaCl2) on the formation, stability, and properties of vitamin E-enriched emulsions prepared by spontaneous emulsification. These emulsions were simply formed by titration of a mixture of vitamin E acetate (VE), carrier oil (MCT), and nonionic surfactant (Tween 80) into an aqueous salt solution with continuous stirring. Salt type and concentration (0-1 N NaCl or 0-0.5 N CaCl2) did not have a significant influence on the initial droplet size of the emulsions. On the other hand, the isothermal and thermal stabilities of the emulsions depended strongly on salt levels. The cloud point of the emulsions decreased with increasing salt concentration, which was attributed to accelerated droplet coalescence in the presence of salts. Dilution (2-6 times) of the emulsions with water appreciably improved their thermal stability by increasing their cloud point, which was mainly attributed to the decrease in aqueous phase salt levels. The isothermal storage stability of the emulsions also depended on salt concentration; however, increasing the salt concentration decreased the rate of droplet growth, which was the opposite of its effect on thermal stability. Potential physicochemical mechanisms for these effects are discussed in terms of the influence of salt ions on van der Waals and electrostatic interactions. This study provides important information about the effect of inorganic salts on the formation and stability of vitamin E emulsions suitable for use in food, personal care, and pharmaceutical products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Saberi
- Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Saberi AH, Fang Y, McClements DJ. Stabilization of vitamin E-enriched nanoemulsions: influence of post-homogenization cosurfactant addition. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:1625-1633. [PMID: 24460007 DOI: 10.1021/jf404182b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Oil-in-water nanoemulsions are being used in the food, beverage, and pharmaceutical industries to encapsulate, protect, and deliver lipophilic bioactive components, such as drugs, vitamins, and nutraceuticals. However, nanoemulsions are thermodynamically unstable systems that breakdown over time. We investigated the influence of posthomogenization cosurfactant addition on the thermal and storage stability of vitamin E acetate nanoemulsions (VE-nanoemulsions) formed from 10% oil phase (VE), 10% surfactant (Tween 80), 20% cosolvent (ethanol), and 60% buffer solution (pH 3). Addition of a nonionic cosurfactant (0.5% Tween 20) caused little change in droplet charge, whereas addition of anionic (0.5% SDS) or cationic (0.5% lauric arginate) cosurfactants caused droplets to be more negative or positive, respectively. Tween 20 addition had little impact on the cloud point of VE-nanoemulsions, but slightly decreased their isothermal storage stability at elevated temperatures (37 °C). Lauric arginate or SDS addition appreciably increased the cloud point, but did not improve storage stability. Indeed, SDS actually decreased the storage stability of the VE-nanoemulsions at elevated temperatures. We discuss these effects in terms of the influence of surfactants on droplet growth through Ostwald ripening and/or coalescence mechanisms. This study provides important information about the effect of cosurfactants on the stability of VE-nanoemulsions suitable for use in pharmaceutical and food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Saberi
- Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory, ‡Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sato N, Mori M, Itabashi H. Cloud point extraction of Cu(II) using a mixture of triton X-100 and dithizone with a salting-out effect and its application to visual determination. Talanta 2013; 117:376-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
Rub MA, Asiri AM, Azum N, Khan A, Khan AAP, Khan SB, Rahman MM, Kabir-ud-Din. Amphiphilic antidepressant drug amitriptyline hydrochloride under the influence of ionic and nonionic hydrotropes; micellization and phase separation. J IND ENG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2013.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
18
|
Stability of oil-in-water macro-emulsion with anionic surfactant: Effect of electrolytes and temperature. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
19
|
Alibrahim M. Study of the Cloud Point of C12 E6 Nonionic Surfactant: Effect of Additives. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/113.100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Addition of electrolytes to surfactant solutions does change the temperature at which the clouding phenomena occur. Electrolytes have a large effect on the cloud point (CP) of hexa ethyleneglycol mono-n-dodecyl ether (C12 E6)/water system, because of their effect on water structure and their hydrophilicity. In this work we report the effect of electrolytes (KCl, NaCl and Na2CO3) on the (CP) of C12 E6/water system. It has been observed that the cloud point as a function of electrolyte's concentration, depends mostly on the electrolyte's charge. Furthermore it has been observed that the two factors, temperature and salt concentration mainly affect equivalently the phase separation of C12 E6/water system. Moreover, ionic surfactants such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and carboxylate ethoxyle (TDC) have been used to investigate their effect on CP of C12 E6.
Collapse
|
20
|
Alibrahim M. Study of the Cloud Point of C12EO6 and C12EO8 Nonionic Surfactants: Effect of Additives. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/113.110199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Significant change in the cloud point of the nonionic surfactant solutions is observed by adding foreign substance. The aqueous solutions of these surfactants show complex phase behaviour including liquid-liquid separation at higher temperature. Electrolytes as well as nonelectrolytes have a large effect on the cloud point (CP) of C12EO6 and C12EO8 nonionic surfactants, because of their effect on water structure and their hydrophilicity. The presence of NaI and KI in the systems leads to a substantial increase in the cloud point of 2 wt% of the C12EO6 and C12EO8 solutions, but the increase is relatively less with KI than with NaI. Moreover, the cloud point decreases in the presence of NaF, NaCl and NaBr, and also similar identical observation was seen in the cloud point with KF, KCl and KBr, respectively. Furthermore, the results show that the addition of the tetramethyl ammonium bromide (TMABr) decreases the cloud point of the C12EO6 and C12EO8, whereas the addition of tetrabutyl ammonium iodide (TBAI) increases the cloud point of the above systems. The clouding phenomenon of the aqueous C12EO6 and C12EO8 systems in the presence of various additives is discussed.
Collapse
|
21
|
Schott H. Krafft Points and Cloud Points of Polyoxyethylated Nonionic Surfactants. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/113.110006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The effect of various organic electrolytes on the Krafft point (KP) of two and the cloud point (CP) of three polyoxyethylated nonionic surfactants is described. Additives that lower the KP or raise the CP salt the surfactants in. The short-chain organic electrolytes acetic acid and propionic acid lower the KP of polyoxyl 10 cetyl ether (C16E10) while sodium acetate, propionate and butyrate leave the KP largely unaffected. Sodium acetate and sodium propionate lower the CP of C16E10 substantially. Sodium butyrate raises the CP, presumably by rendering the C16E10 micelles partly ionic via mixed micelle formation. Hydrotropes (sodium benzoate, salicylate and xylene sulfonate, and the nonelectrolyte nicotinamide) lower the KP of polyoxyl 10 stearyl ether (C18E10) substantially at 3.0 m concentrations and raise the CP substantially even at 0.10 m concentrations. The KPs of mixtures of C18E10 (KP = 48°) and hexadecylamine hydrochloride (HDCl, KP = 44°) were measured at a constant total surfactant concentration of 2.0% based on the weight of water. The plot of KP versus the relative weight-percent HDCl is V-shaped with a eutectic minimum of 32° at 33% HDCl. The left branch is entirely linear. It shows how increasing weight-percentages of HDCl lower the KP of C18E10. The right branch is linear up to ca. 80% HDCl but becomes less steep at higher HDCl concentrations. It shows how decreasing weight-percentages of C18E10 raise the KP of HDCl.
Collapse
|
22
|
Cloud point extraction of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol from cannabis resin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:3117-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-6743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Solubilization of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ethylene Oxide-Propylene Oxide Triblock Micelles: Location of Solubilizate and its Effect on Micelle Size from 2D NMR and Scattering Techniques. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-011-1268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
24
|
QSPR modeling of nonionic surfactant cloud points: an update. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 358:202-7. [PMID: 21421217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models for the cloud points of nonionic surfactants were developed based on CODESSA descriptors. Essentials accounting for a reliable model were considered carefully. Four descriptors were selected by a generic algorithm (GA) method to link the structures of nonionic surfactants to their corresponding cloud-point values. The descriptors were also analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). Nonlinear models based on support vector machine (SVM) and projection pursuit regression (PPR) were also developed. All models were validated in two ways, i.e., internal cross-validation (CV) and a test set. The results are discussed in light of the main factors that influence the property under investigation and its modeling. In addition, an independent external data set of 16 nonionic surfactants was used to check the generalization ability of the optimum model.
Collapse
|
25
|
Mei Z, Xu J, Sun D. O/W nano-emulsions with tunable PIT induced by inorganic salts. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.11.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
26
|
Gil RA, Salonia JA, Gásquez JA, Olivieri AC, Olsina R, Martinez LD. Flow injection system for the on-line preconcentration of Pb by cloud point extraction coupled to USN–ICP OES. Microchem J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2010.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
27
|
Akbaş H, Boz M, Batigöç C. Study on cloud points of Triton X-100-cationic gemini surfactants mixtures: a spectroscopic approach. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2010; 75:671-677. [PMID: 20034845 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of various cationic surfactants on the cloud point (CP) of the nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 (TX-100) in aqueous solutions. Instead of visual observation, a spectrophotometer was used for measurement of the cloud point temperatures. The values of CPs for Triton X-100 can be measured directly because TX-100 has an average number of oxyethylene units per molecule of p approximately 9.5 and a CP=66.0 degrees C. Quaternary ammonium dimeric surfactants (m-s-m, m=10, 12, and 16, and s=2, 6, and 10) were synthesized and used. The melting temperature T(M) and the Krafft temperature T(K) were measured for 1 wt% aqueous solutions of these synthesized surfactants. The melting temperature of the solid gemini surfactants increased with the carbon number of the alkyl chain. The results showed that additions of the gemini surfactants (which are infinitely miscible with water) to Triton X-100 increased the cloud point of the TX-100 solutions. All salts tested in these studies had a large effect on the CPs of nonionic surfactants due to their effect on water structure and their hydrophilicity. The effect of the alkyl chain length of the gemini surfactant on the CP of Triton X-100 is therefore more important than the spacer chain length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Halide Akbaş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, Trakya University, 22030 Edirne, Turkey.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mohammad MAA. LC Determination of Lidocaine and Prilocaine Containing Potential Risky Impurities and Application to Pharmaceuticals. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
29
|
Patel K, Bharatiya B, Kadam Y, Bahadur P. Micellization and Clouding Behavior of EO–PO Block Copolymer in Aqueous Salt Solutions. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-009-1127-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Talbi Z, Haddou B, Bouberka Z, Derriche Z. Simultaneous elimination of dissolved and dispersed pollutants from cutting oil wastes using two aqueous phase extraction methods. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 163:748-755. [PMID: 18692960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Revised: 07/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Oily wastewater experimental study has been accomplished using two aqueous phases extraction methods on the basis of phase separation properties of non-ionic surfactants above the so-called cloud point curve and the solubilization phenomena of coacervate micelles (surfactant rich phase). Two commercial ethoxylate fatty alcohol surfactants (Oxo-C(10)E(3), Oxo-C(15)E(7)) were employed to treat three kinds of cutting oil wastewater, in order to define the conditions promoting cutting oils emulsions destabilization and cloud point extraction possesses simultaneously. Before extraction test, the phase diagrams of binary water/surfactants systems were drawn and the effect of some cutting oil additives on water-surfactant systems was, therefore studied. The results of oily wastewater extraction with respect to wt.% surfactant and temperature were expressed in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the dilute phase before and after extraction, residual chemical oxygen demand (COD(R)), residual concentrations of surfactant in the dilute phase (X(t,w)) converted to chemical oxygen demand (COD(T)) and the volume fraction of coacervate (phi(c)) at the equilibrium. The results obtained for each parameter which were also represented on three dimensional diagrams using an empirical smoothing method were in agreement with the experimental ones, where the COD(R) was reduced from 55 to 1.1 g O(2)l(-1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Talbi
- U. S. T. Oran, Faculty of Sciences, Department of chemistry, BP 1505, Elmnaouar, 31000 Oran, Algeria.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Barbetta A, Massimi M, Di Rosario B, Nardecchia S, De Colli M, Devirgiliis LC, Dentini M. Emulsion Templated Scaffolds that Include Gelatin and Glycosaminoglycans. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:2844-56. [DOI: 10.1021/bm800599d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barbetta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Mara Massimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Biancalucia Di Rosario
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefania Nardecchia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Marianna De Colli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Conti Devirgiliis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Mariella Dentini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy, and Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio, 67010 L’Aquila, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Manzoori JL, Abdolmohammad-Zadeh H, Amjadi M. Ultra-trace determination of silver in water samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry after preconcentration with a ligand-less cloud point extraction methodology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2007; 144:458-63. [PMID: 17141406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.10.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2006] [Revised: 10/19/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A very simple and ligand-less cloud point extraction (CPE) methodology for the preconcentration of ultra-trace amounts of silver as a prior step to its determination by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS) has been developed. The method is based on the extraction of silver at pH 9 by using non-ionic surfactant polyethyleneglycolmono-p-nonylphenylether (PONPE 7.5) without adding any chelating agent. Several important variables that affect the CPE efficiency and ETAAS signal were investigated and optimized. The preconcentration of 15 ml sample solution allowed us to achieve an enhancement factor of 60. The calibration graph using the preconcentration system was linear in the range of 5-100 ngl(-1) with a correlation coefficient of 0.9991. The lower limit of detection (3s) obtained in the optimal conditions was 1.2 ngl(-1). The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) for eight replicate determinations at 30 ngl(-1) Ag level was 4.2%. The proposed method was successfully applied to the ultra-trace determination of silver in water samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid L Manzoori
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Anton N, Saulnier P, Béduneau A, Benoit JP. Salting-Out Effect Induced by Temperature Cycling on a Water/Nonionic Surfactant/Oil System. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:3651-7. [PMID: 17388519 DOI: 10.1021/jp0664768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents original effects induced by temperature cycling on the transitional phase inversion of emulsions, stabilized by a nonionic polyethoxylated C18E6 surfactant model. The phase inversion follow-up is performed by electrical conductivity measurements, which involves focusing the study on the shape and location of the emulsion inversion region. In that way, new observations are brought out as a gradual evolution of the emulsion inversion along the cycling process. Two alternative approaches are considered for tackling these results: (i) first, a molecular approach regarding the particular organization and rearrangement of water clusters surrounding the surfactant polymer polar head, and (ii) second, a thermodynamic approach only considering the whole Gibbs free energy of the system. The volumic approaches are transposed, here, to the water/oil interface, and disclose that the phase inversion zone is included in a metastable region, able to stabilize for a given temperature, either metastable O/W emulsions or stable W/O ones. In that way, this study proposes novel and complementary insights into the phenomena governing the emulsion phase inversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Anton
- Inserm U646, Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire, Université d'Angers, F-49100 Angers, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Clouding behavior of nonionic–cationic and nonionic–anionic mixed surfactant systems in presence of carboxylic acids and their sodium salts. Colloid Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-006-1597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
35
|
Haddou B, Canselier J, Gourdon C. Cloud point extraction of phenol and benzyl alcohol from aqueous stream. Sep Purif Technol 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2005.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
36
|
Panchal K, Desai A, Nagar T. Physicochemical Behavior of Mixed Nonionic‐Ionic Surfactants in Water and Aqueous Salt Solutions. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/dis-200066673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
37
|
De La Salles KTDS, Canselier JP, Gourdon C. Characterization of a Two‐Aqueous Phase System Containing a Nonionic Surfactant. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2005. [DOI: 10.1081/dis-200049584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
38
|
|
39
|
Study of the cloud point of C12En nonionic surfactants: effect of additives. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(03)00012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Schott H. A linear relation between the cloud point and the number of oxyethylene units of water-soluble nonionic surfactants valid for the entire range of ethoxylation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2003; 260:219-24. [PMID: 12742053 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9797(02)00183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The following linear equation correlates the cloud point (CP) of water-soluble polyoxyethylated nonionic surfactants (NSs) with the average number p of oxyethylene units per molecule: (p - p0)/CP = a + b(p - p0). Here p0 is the smallest value of p that confers solubility in cold water: In a homologous series of NSs, it belongs to the surfactant with CP = 0 degrees C. Plots of CP versus p for five representative homologous series of NSs consist of three segments: A steeply ascending, nearly straight line, a transition region that ranges from p = 15-22 to p = 20-28, and a nearly horizontal plateau that approaches asymptotically the CPs of polyethylene glycols with molecular weights between 30,000 and 4400. These CPs range from 113 to 130 degrees C. Most CPs for NSs were taken from the literature or measured on commercially available samples; eight CPs above 100 degrees C were measured on newly synthesized surfactants. Previously published linear equations correlating CP with p cover only NSs with p < 16 and CPs < 100 degrees C: They apply only to the ascending segment of the CP versus p plots. Our equation covers the entire plots and applies to the full range of NSs, including extensively polyoxyethylated NSs with p > or = 100. It can be used for selecting specific NSs for high-temperature applications. The hydrophile-lipophile balance of the surfactant with p = p0 oxyethylene units, namely, HLB0, is a novel quantitative measure of the hydrophobicity of the hydrocarbon moiety of the relevant homologous NS series. Its value reflects the size, composition, and structure of the hydrocarbon moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Schott
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Anderson BC, Cox SM, Ambardekar AV, Mallapragada SK. The effect of salts on the micellization temperature of aqueous poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) solutions and the dissolution rate and water diffusion coefficient in their corresponding gels. J Pharm Sci 2002; 91:180-8. [PMID: 11782907 DOI: 10.1002/jps.10037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Studies were performed to examine the effect of ionic salts on phase transitions, dissolution rates, and diffusion coefficients of water in gels of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) with polymer concentrations ranging from 22 to 32% w/w and salt concentrations ranging from 0 to 1.5% w/w. Salts tested include Na(3)PO(4), Na(2)SO(4), Na(2)HPO(4), NaH(2)PO(4), NaCH(3)CO(2), NaCl, and KI. Micellization transition temperatures were obtained using differential scanning calorimetry. The dissolution rates were obtained by measurement of the surface erosion rates, and diffusion coefficients were obtained by using a method to analyze the intrusion of water into the aqueous gels. It was found that salts had no effect on the dissolution rate of the polymer gels into deionized water. However, when the salt concentration in the aqueous dissolution media was adjusted to match the concentration in the gels, the dissolution rate of the polymer gel decreased with increasing salt concentration. The salts also had a profound effect on the critical micellization temperature (CMT) and the diffusion coefficient of water within the gel. The diffusion coefficient and CMT decreased in the presence of salts. The magnitude of these effects was comparable to their placement on the Hofmeister, or lyotropic series for salts. The effects of polymer and salt concentrations on the CMT were quantified, and a single correlation was proposed to predict the micellization temperatures for a wide range of salt and polymer concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Anderson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Iowa State University, 3035 Sweeney Hall, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Effect of inorganic additives on solutions of nonionic surfactants — XVI. Limiting cloud points of highly polyoxyethylated surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(01)00491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
43
|
Warisnoicharoen W, Lansley AB, Lawrence MJ. Nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions: the effect of oil type on phase behaviour. Int J Pharm 2000; 198:7-27. [PMID: 10722947 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(99)00406-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The formation of oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsions stabilized by the nonionic surfactants, polyoxyethylene-10-dodecyl ether, polyoxyethylene-10-oleyl ether, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine-N-oxide and N,N-dimethyloleylamine-N-oxide and containing a variety of pharmaceutically acceptable oils, namely ethyl butyrate, ethyl caprylate, ethyl oleate and the triglycerides, soybean oil, Miglyol 812 and tributyrin, has been examined at 298 K. The effect on microemulsion formation of replacing water with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and complete PBS has been established. In addition, the effect of changing temperature (from 298 to 310 K) on the phase behaviour of microemulsions formulated using PBS as continuous phase has been determined. Although some small differences in phase behaviour were noted when altering the continuous phase, the greatest difference in phase behaviour was observed when changing the experimental temperature, particularly for microemulsions stabilized by polyoxyethylene-10-oleyl ether. Regardless of the temperature and aqueous phase used, however the larger molecular volume oils (soybean oil, Miglyol 812 and ethyl oleate) were solubilized to a lower extent than the smaller molecular volume oils (namely, ethyl butyrate and ethyl caprylate). The only exception to this rule was when polyoxyethylene-10-oleyl ether was used as surfactant, particularly at 298 K, where it was the larger molecular volume oils that were solubilized to the greatest extent. Cloud point/phase inversion temperature experiments suggested that the higher molecular volume oils were incorporated into the microemulsions prepared using the polyoxyethylene-based surfactants in a different way than the smaller molecular volume oils and suggest that the smaller molecular volume oils are acting in much the same way as a cosurfactant in that they interchelate with their hydrophilic group interspersed in the surfactant head group region. As N,N-dimethyldodecylamine-N-oxide does not exhibit a cloud point it was not possible to determine the mode of oil incorporation in microemulsions prepared with this surfactant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Warisnoicharoen
- Pharmacy Department, King's College London, University of London, The Franklin-Wilkins Building, London, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pandit N, Trygstad T, Croy S, Bohorquez M, Koch C. Effect of Salts on the Micellization, Clouding, and Solubilization Behavior of Pluronic F127 Solutions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2000; 222:213-220. [PMID: 10662516 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1999.6628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have examined the effect of NaCl, Na(2)SO(4), Na(3)PO(4), and NaSCN on F127 solutions; properties examined were critical micellization temperature (cmt), cloud point, and solubilization of a model hydrophobic drug, propyl paraben. Static light scattering showed that the first three salts lower the cmt of F127 in the order Na(3)PO(4)>Na(2)SO(4)>NaCl. The extent of lowering depends on the salt concentration and can be ascribed to the water structure-making properties of these salts. NaSCN, a water structure breaker, was found to increase cmt. Pyrene fluorescence was used to study the changes in micellar interior in the presence of salts. We found that the micellar micropolarity is not significantly changed by salts, evidenced by a constant I(1)/I(3) ratio of pyrene. However, the I(e)/I(3) ratio changes significantly with salts, being lower for NaCl, Na(2)SO(4), and Na(3)PO(4) and higher for NaSCN. This is consistent with an increase in the total hydrophobic micellar domain, in micellar microviscosity, or both. Solubilization of propylparaben increases in the presence of Na(3)PO(4), consistent with a larger hydrophobic domain for solubilization. The thermodynamics of micellization continue to be entropically driven in the presence of salts, evidenced by a positive entropy overcoming an unfavorable enthalpy. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Pandit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Drake University, 2507 University Avenue, Des Moines, Iowa, 50311
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Na GC, Yuan BO, Stevens HJ, Weekley BS, Rajagopalan N. Cloud point of nonionic surfactants: modulation with pharmaceutical excipients. Pharm Res 1999; 16:562-8. [PMID: 10227713 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018831415131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the cloud point of a variety of nonionic surfactants and to search for means to raise the surfactant cloud point in liquid formulations. METHODS Cloud points of nonionic surfactants were determined visually in a water bath. Organic compounds, many of which have been used as pharmaceutical excipients, were tested initially for effect on the cloud point of poloxamine 908. Four effective cloud point boosters (CPBs) from different structural classes were further tested on additional surfactants. RESULTS A number of compounds can raise the cloud point of nonionic surfactants. These cloud point boosters are classified into two categories: nonionic and ionic. The nonionic CPBs include poly(ethylene glycols), propylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. They are effective at molar concentrations. The ionic CPBs include anionic and cationic surfactants, charged phospholipids, long chain fatty acids, and bile salts. They are effective at millimolar concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The cloud point of nonionic surfactants used in liquid formulations can be modulated through the proper choice of excipient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G C Na
- Nycomed Amersham Imaging, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087-8630, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
The influence of a hydrotropic agent in the properties of aqueous solutions containing poly(ethylene oxide)–poly(propylene oxide) surfactants. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(98)00417-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
47
|
Gu T, Galera-Gómez P. The effect of different alcohols and other polar organic additives on the cloud point of Triton X-100 in water. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7757(98)00710-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
48
|
Schott H. Comparing the Surface Chemical Properties and the Effect of Salts on the Cloud Point of a Conventional Nonionic Surfactant, Octoxynol 9 (Triton X-100), and of Its Oligomer, Tyloxapol (Triton WR-1339). J Colloid Interface Sci 1998; 205:496-502. [PMID: 9735215 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1998.5721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The surface-chemical properties, critical micelle concentrations (CMC), and effect of salts on the cloud points (CP) of octoxynol 9 (Triton X-100) and tyloxapol (Triton WR-1339) were compared. The latter nonionic surfactant is essentially a heptamer of the former. Even though the molecular weight of tyloxapol is 7 times larger than that of octoxynol 9, its area per molecule adsorbed at the air-water interface is only twice as large. This suggests an unusual orientation for molecules of tyloxapol at the surface and is in keeping with a plateau that is less horizontal and has a somewhat higher surface tension than the plateaus of most nonionic surfactants. The CMC of octoxynol 9 was 4.4 times larger than that of tyloxapol. Unexpectedly, the CP of dilute aqueous tyloxapol solutions was 28 degreesC higher than that of octoxynol 9 solutions. The salting-out ions Na+, Cl- and SO2-4 lowered the CP of tyloxapol 29% more than that of octoxynol 9. However, because the blank tyloxapol solution started out with a higher CP value, its CPs in the presence of salts were higher than those of octoxynol 9. Pb2+ and Mg2+ cations salted both surfactants in, raising their CP, Pb2+ more extensively than Mg2+. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Schott
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Nevskaia DM, Guerrero-Ruíz A. Adsorption of Polyoxyethylenic Nonionic and Anionic Surfactants from Aqueous Solution: Effects Induced by the Addition of NaCl and CaCl2. J Colloid Interface Sci 1998; 205:97-105. [PMID: 9710503 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1998.5617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption processes of two different types of surfactant from aqueous solutions have been studied on several solids. The adsorbates used were a nonionic (TX-100) and a series of anionic (NP4S, NP10S, and NP25S) oxyethylenic surfactants. As adsorbent, five nonporous solids, including three quartz (QA, QB, and QC), a kaolin, and a dolomite, were chosen for this study, since these types of materials are frequently found in oil reservoirs. Great differences have been found in the adsorption plateaus, depending on the nature of the surfactant (anionic or nonionic). The influence of the presence of NaCl and CaCl2 in the solutions has been also studied. NaCl affects the adsorption of anionic surfactants on quartz and kaolin samples in a similar way. When this salt is added, the amount of anionic surfactants adsorbed on the solid surfaces increases. Some differences in the adsorption of the TX-100 surfactant, depending on the nature of the surface and the type of salt added, have been detected. Basically, three different adsorption behaviors have been found when NaCl is added. The amounts of TX-100 adsorbed decrease when NaCl is added to the solution on the QA sample; the amounts increase on the QB and kaolin samples; no alteration is observed on QC and dolomite samples. Changes in adsorption isotherms, depending on whether NaCl or CaCl2 is added, have also been observed. For the same five adsorbents, zeta potential measurements also have been carried out. When the nonionic TX-100 surfactant is adsorbed, a decrease in the negative values of the zeta potential takes place. However, for the adsorption of anionic surfactants, an increase in the negative values of the zeta potential is detected. The surface charge has been also determined by potentiometric titration (in presence and in absence of TX-100), and a decrease in surface charge when TX-100 is adsorbed on the sample surfaces has been detected. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- DM Nevskaia
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (U.N.E.D.), c/Senda del Rey s/n, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Pandit NK, Wang D. Salt effects on the diffusion and release rate of propranolol from poloxamer 407 gels. Int J Pharm 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(98)00074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|