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Chen M, Wu Z, Zou Y, Peng C, Hao Y, Zhu Z, Shi X, Su B, Ou L, Lai Y, Jia J, Xun M, Li H, Zhu W, Feng Z, Yao M. Phellodendron chinense C.K.Schneid: An in vitro study on its anti-Helicobacter pylori effect. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118396. [PMID: 38823658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phellodendron chinense C.K.Schneid(P. chinense Schneid) is known in TCM as Huang Bo, is traditionally used to support gastrointestinal function and alleviate stomach-related ailments, including gastric ulcer bleeding and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is classified by the WHO as a Group 1 carcinogen. However, the specific activity and mechanism of action of P. chinense Schneid against H. pylori infection remain unclear. It has been noted that Huangjiu processing may alter the bitter and cold properties of P. chinense Schneid, but its effect on antimicrobial activity requires further investigation. Additionally, it remains uncertain whether berberine is the sole antimicrobial active component of P. chinense Schneid. AIM OF STUDY This study aims to elucidate the anti-H. pylori infection activity of P. chinense Schneid, along with its mechanism of action and key antimicrobial active components. MATERIALS AND METHODS Phytochemical analysis was carried out by UPLC-MS/MS. HPLC was employed to quantify the berberine content of the extracts. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using the micro broth dilution method. Morphology was observed using SEM. The impact on urease activity was analyzed through in vitro urease enzyme kinetics. RT-qPCR was employed to detect the expression of virulence genes, including adhesin, flagellum, urease, and cytotoxin-related genes. The adhesion effect was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and agar culture. RESULTS P. chinense Schneid exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against both antibiotic-sensitive and resistant H. pylori strains, with MIC ranging from 40 to 160 μg/mL. Combination with amoxicillin, metronidazole, levofloxacin, and clarithromycin did not result in antagonistic effects. P. chinense Schneid induced alterations in bacterial morphology and structure, downregulated the expression of various virulence genes, and inhibited urease enzyme activity. In co-infection systems, P. chinense Schneid significantly attenuated H. pylori adhesion and urease relative content, thereby mitigating cellular damage caused by infection. Huangjiu processing enhanced the anti-H. pylori activity of P. chinense Schneid. Besides berberine, P. chinense Schneid contained seven other components with anti-H. pylori activity, with palmatine exhibiting the strongest activity, followed by jatrorrhizine. CONCLUSIONS This study sheds light on the potential therapeutic mechanisms of P. chinense Schneid against H. pylori infection, demonstrating its capacity to disrupt bacterial structure, inhibit urease activity, suppress virulence gene transcription, inhibit adhesion, and protect host cells. The anti-H. pylori activity of P. chinense Schneid was potentiated by Huangjiu processing, and additional components beyond berberine were identified as possessing strong anti-H. pylori activity. Notably, jatrorrhizine, a core component of P. chinense Schneid, exhibited significant anti-H. pylori activity, marking a groundbreaking discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Ziyao Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yuanjing Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Chang Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Yajie Hao
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhixiang Zhu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy (Qingdao), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Bingmei Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Ling Ou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Yuqian Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Junwei Jia
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Mingjin Xun
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Weixing Zhu
- Qingyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingyuan, 511500, China.
| | - Zhong Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China; International Pharmaceutical Engineering Lab of Shandong Province, Feixian, 273400, China; Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
| | - Meicun Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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Liu X, Liang Q, Wang Y, Xiong S, Yue R. Advances in the pharmacological mechanisms of berberine in the treatment of fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1455058. [PMID: 39372209 PMCID: PMC11450235 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1455058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence of fibrosis poses a major threat to global public health, and the continuous exploration of natural products for the effective treatment of fibrotic diseases is crucial. Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is widely used clinically for its anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and anti-fibrotic pharmacological effects. Until now, researchers have worked to explore the mechanisms of BBR for the treatment of fibrosis, and multiple studies have found that BBR attenuates fibrosis through different pathways such as TGF-β/Smad, AMPK, Nrf2, PPAR-γ, NF-κB, and Notch/snail axis. This review describes the anti-fibrotic mechanism of BBR and its derivatives, and the safety evaluation and toxicity studies of BBR. This provides important therapeutic clues and strategies for exploring new drugs for the treatment of fibrosis. Nevertheless, more studies, especially clinical studies, are still needed. We believe that with the continuous implementation of high-quality studies, significant progress will be made in the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Medical School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingzhi Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Medical School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Shuai Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Medical School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rensong Yue
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Medical School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Lu Y, Mohammad NS, Lee J, Aranyos AM, Serban KA, Brantly ML. Berberine potentiates liver inflammation and fibrosis in the PI*Z hAAT transgenic murine model. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310524. [PMID: 39298444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is an inherited disease, the common variant caused by a Pi*Z mutation in the SERPINA1 gene. Pi*Z AAT increases the risk of pulmonary emphysema and liver disease. Berberine (BBR) is a nature dietary supplement and herbal remedy. Emerging evidence revealed that BBR has remarkable liver-protective properties against various liver diseases. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and toxicities of BBR in Pi*Z hepatocytes and Pi*Z transgenic mice. METHODS Huh7.5 and Huh7.5Z (which carries the Pi*Z mutation) cells were treated with different concentrations of BBR for 48 hours. MTT was performed for cell viability assay. Intracellular AAT levels were evaluated by western blot. In vivo studies were carried out in wild type, native phenotype AAT (Pi*M), and Pi*Z AAT transgenic mice. Mice were treated with 50 mg/kg/day of BBR or solvent only by oral administration for 30 days. Western blot and liver histopathological examinations were performed to evaluate therapeutic benefits and liver toxicity of BBR. RESULTS BBR reduced intracellular AAT levels in Huh7.5Z cells, meanwhile, no Pi*Z-specific toxicity was observed. However, BBR did not reduce liver AAT load but significantly potentiated liver inflammation and fibrosis accompanying the activation of unfolded protein response and mTOR in Pi*Z mice, but not in wild type and Pi*M mice. CONCLUSIONS BBR exacerbated liver inflammation and fibrosis specifically in Pi*Z mice. This adverse effect may be associated with the activation of unfolded protein response and mTOR. This study implicates that BBR should be avoided by AATD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Lu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Naweed S Mohammad
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jungnam Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Alek M Aranyos
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Karina A Serban
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mark L Brantly
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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Vardeman ET, Cheng HP, Vandebroek I, Kennelly EJ. Caribbean medicinal plant Argemone mexicana L.: Metabolomic analysis and in vitro effect on the vaginal microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 337:118830. [PMID: 39277064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal plants are frequently used in Caribbean traditional medicine as low-cost, culturally relevant treatments for women's health concerns, such as gynecological infections. These plants are typically applied topically, potentially affecting both pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Gardnerella vaginalis) and beneficial vaginal microbes (Lactobacillus spp.). However, few studies have examined the impact of these plants on both beneficial and pathogenic vaginal bacteria. AIM OF THE STUDY Argemone mexicana, available in New York City and commonly used to treat gynecological infections by immigrants from the Dominican Republic, was investigated for its chemical variation and effects on the vaginal microbiota. We hypothesized that variations in the bioactivity of Argemone mexicana on Gardnerella vaginalis and Lactobacillus spp. are due to differences in antimicrobial compounds across different preparations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Untargeted and targeted metabolomic analysis using UPLC-qToF-MS and UPLC-TQD-MS were conducted on Argemone mexicana samples collected in New York City. Antimicrobial assays were used to assess the effects of Argemone mexicana samples on beneficial and pathogenic vaginal bacteria. ProGenesis QI and EZinfo were used for metabolomic analysis to link bioactivity with chemometric data. RESULTS UPLC-qToF-MS and statistical analyses showed that chemical variation correlated with plant tissue type and processing (dry or fresh samples). These differences were evident in antimicrobial screenings, where active plant samples were antimicrobial against pathogenic bacteria only, with no effect on beneficial Lactobacillus. Known antimicrobial benzoquinone alkaloids, such as berberine, were partly responsible for the observed microbiological activity. Berberine exhibited similar inhibition patterns, reduced biofilm formation, and trended towards higher concentration in active samples. CONCLUSIONS Extracts of Argemone mexicana, a plant used in Caribbean women's health, did not have an effect on beneficial vaginal microbes, but did inhibit pathogenic Gardnerella vaginalis. This antimicrobial activity correlated with the chemical variation of berberine and other related alkaloids across traditional preparations of Argemone mexicana. These results may be relevant for treating gynecological infections, not only with this plant, but other berberine-containing taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella T Vardeman
- The Center for Plants, People and Culture, The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY, 10458, USA; Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Blvd W, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
| | - Hai-Ping Cheng
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Blvd W, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
| | - Ina Vandebroek
- The Center for Plants, People and Culture, The New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Boulevard, Bronx, NY, 10458, USA; Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA; Caribbean Centre for Research in Bioscience (CCRIB), The University of the West Indies Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica.
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Blvd W, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA.
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Wu H, Zhang L, Dong X, Yang J, Zheng L, Li L, Liu X, Jin M, Zhang P. Targeted delivery of berberine using bionic nanomaterials for Atherosclerosis therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117135. [PMID: 39047421 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a prevalent chronic vascular inflammatory disease globally, initiated by injury to vascular endothelial cells (VECs). Macrophages play a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis, involving lipid metabolism and inflammation. The application of nanomaterials has been hindered by their rapid clearance by the immune system. Utilizing macrophage cell membranes can mitigate abnormal immune responses and induce a "homing" effect. Here, M2 macrophage cell membranes (M2) were coated onto berberine polylactic-hydroxylase-polylactide (PLGA) nanoparticles (BBR NPs), employing M2 macrophage immune escape, "homing" ability, and membrane coating nanotechnology, and loaded with mannose (Man) to create bionic nanoparticles (BBR NPs@Man/M2). Subsequently, the physical properties of BBR NPs@Man/M2 were characterized. The biocompatibility and biological function of BBR NPs@Man/M2 were assessed in vitro. Finally, the targeting, therapeutic efficacy, and safety of BBR NPs@M2 were investigated in an AS mouse model. The newly developed BBR NPs@Man/M2 exhibited good biocompatibility. Owing to their M2 coating, the nanoparticles effectively targeted macrophages in vitro, inducing a shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state. This transition reduced inflammation in endothelial cells and facilitated the repair of damaged endothelial cells. Moreover, M2-coated nanoparticles efficiently targeted and accumulated in atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. Following four weeks of treatment, BBR NPs@Man/M2 significantly delayed AS progression. Furthermore, BBR NPs@Man/M2 demonstrated a good safety profile after long-term administration. In conclusion, BBR NPs@Man/M2 effectively and safely inhibited AS progression. Biomimetic nanoparticles represent a promising approach for the safe and effective delivery of anti-AS drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affifiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affifiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaokang Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affifiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affifiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affifiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affifiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiujuan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affifiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Meiying Jin
- Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China.
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Tian YQ, Ren X, Wang J, Li X, Yin YS, Guo ZH, Qin ZL, Zeng XY. Berberine hydrochloride alleviates chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome by modifying gut microbiome signaling. Asian J Androl 2024; 26:500-509. [PMID: 39012524 PMCID: PMC11449416 DOI: 10.4103/aja202427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is highly prevalent worldwide and poses a significant threat to men's health, particularly affecting young men. However, the exact causes and mechanisms behind CP/CPPS remain unclear, leading to challenges in its treatment. In this research, a CP/CPPS rat model was established with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), and berberine hydrochloride was administered through daily gavage to assess its therapeutic effects. The alterations in the gut microbiome induced by CP/CPPS and berberine hydrochloride were investigated through 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing of cecum content and colonic epithelial cells. To investigate the impact of the gut microbiome on CP/CPPS, a pseudo germ-free rat model was established, and fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) was performed on these rats. In all, berberine hydrochloride demonstrated effective reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress in the prostate, offering significant therapeutic advantages for CP/CPPS. Through analysis of the gut microbiome using 16S ribosome RNA sequencing, distinct differences were observed between CP/CPPS rats and control rats, and Clostridium butyricum was identified as a key bacteria. Pseudo germ-free rats that underwent FMT from CP/CPPS rats or rats treated with berberine hydrochloride displayed varying levels of inflammatory cytokine production, oxidative stress, and activity of associated signaling pathways. In conclusion, the therapeutic potential of berberine hydrochloride in addressing CP/CPPS is highly significant. The gut microbiome has emerged as a critical factor in the development of CP/CPPS and plays a pivotal role in mediating the therapeutic effects of berberine hydrochloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Qun Tian
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xiang Ren
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yi-Sheng Yin
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Zi-Hao Guo
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Zhen-Liang Qin
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Zeng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Institute of Urology of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430000, China
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He Q, Lu S, Wang J, Xu C, Qu W, Nawaz S, Ataya FS, Wu Y, Li K. Lactobacillus salivarius and Berberine Alleviated Yak Calves' Diarrhea via Accommodating Oxidation Resistance, Inflammatory Factors, and Intestinal Microbiota. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2419. [PMID: 39199953 PMCID: PMC11350718 DOI: 10.3390/ani14162419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Yaks are important food animals in China; however, bacterial diarrheal diseases frequently occur on the plateau, with limited effective therapies. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Lactobacillus salivarius (LS) and berberine in alleviating diarrhea in yak calves. For this purpose, eighteen healthy yak calves were divided into control (JC), infected (JM), and treatment (JT) groups. Yaks in the JT group were treated with 2 × 1010 CFU/calf L. salivarius and 20 mg/kg berberine, and yaks in the JM and JT groups were induced with multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli. The results showed that the weight growth rate in the JM group was significantly lower than that in the JC and JT groups. The diarrhea score in the JM group was significantly higher than that in both the JC and JT groups. Additionally, the contents of T-AOC, SOD, GSH-Px, and IL-10 were significantly lower in the JM group than those in the JC and JT groups, while MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were significantly higher in the JM group. Microbiota sequencing identified two phyla and twenty-seven genera as significant among the yak groups. Notably, probiotic genera such as Faecalibaculum and Parvibacter were observed, alongside harmful genera, including Marvinbryantia and Lachnospiraceae UCG-001. Our findings indicate that treatment with L. salivarius and berberine significantly reduced diarrhea incidence, improved growth performance, and positively modulated intestinal microbiota, which could provide novel insights for developing new therapies for ruminant diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weijie Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Feng Yuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shah Nawaz
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Farid Shokry Ataya
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452 Feng Yuan Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Sajeev A, Sailo B, Unnikrishnan J, Talukdar A, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Alqahtani A, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Unlocking the potential of Berberine: Advancing cancer therapy through chemosensitization and combination treatments. Cancer Lett 2024; 597:217019. [PMID: 38849013 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite considerable progress in cancer treatment options, resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs remains a significant challenge. This review focuses on Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid found in various medicinal plants, which has garnered attention in the field of oncology for its anticancer potential either alone or in combination with other compounds and its ability to modulate chemoresistance, acting as a natural chemosensitizer. BBR's ability to modulate chemoresistance is attributed to its diverse mechanisms of action, including inducing DNA breaks, inhibition of drug efflux pumps, modulation of apoptosis and necroptosis, downregulating multidrug resistance genes, enhancing immune response, suppressing angiogenesis and targeting multiple pathways within cancer cells, including protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (Akt/mTOR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP1), janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT), Wnt/β-catenin etc. Moreover, BBR, in combination with other compounds, also offers a promising approach to cancer therapy, enforcing its broad-spectrum anticancer effects. Therefore, this review aims to elucidate the intricate mechanism of action of BBR in combinatorial therapy as a potential chemosensitizer to increase the efficiency of several drugs, including cisplatin, doxorubicin, lapatinib, tamoxifen, irinotecan, niraparib, etc. in various cancers. Additionally, this review briefly covers the origin and biological activities of BBR, exploring the specific actions underlying its anticancer effects. Further, pharmacokinetic properties of BBR are also discussed, providing insight into its therapeutic potential and optimization of its use in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Bethsebie Sailo
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Jyothsna Unnikrishnan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Ayesha Talukdar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia; BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Athba Alqahtani
- Research Centre, King Fahad Medical City. P.O. Box: 59046, Riyadh, 11525, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 16 Medical Drive, 117600, Singapore; NUS Center for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India.
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9
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Gu S, Wang J, Yu S, Zhang S, Gao T, Yan D, Xie R, Gu M, Yu M, Zhang Z, Lou Z, Ding X, Chen Y, Li C. Berberine ameliorates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-induced bone loss by inhibiting ferroptosis. Bone 2024; 185:117114. [PMID: 38723878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) may contribute to osteoporosis. Berberine is a traditional Chinese medicine and was recently shown to be beneficial in NAFLD. However, little is known about its impact on bone loss induced by NAFLD. AIM We aimed to explore the role of berberine in bone loss and determine its underlying mechanisms in NAFLD. METHODS C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat high-fructose high-glucose diet (HFFGD) for 16 weeks to establish a NAFLD mouse model. The mice were administered berberine (300 mg/kg/d) by gavage, and fatty liver levels and bone loss indicators were tested. RESULTS Berberine significantly improved HFFGD-induced weight gain, hepatic lipid accumulation and increases in serum liver enzymes, thereby alleviating NAFLD. Berberine increased trabecular number (Tb. N), trabecular thickness (Tb. Th), bone volume to tissue volume ratio (BV/TV), and decreased trabecular separation (Tb. Sp) and restored bone loss in NAFLD. Mechanistically, berberine significantly inhibited ferroptosis and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), and transferrin (TF) levels and increased ferritin heavy chain (FTH) levels in the femurs of HFFGD-fed mice. Moreover, berberine also activated the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione (GSH)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Berberine significantly ameliorates bone loss induced by NAFLD by activating the SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4 signaling pathway and inhibiting ferroptosis. Therefore, berberine may serve as a therapeutic agent for NAFLD-induced bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobo Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Junzhuo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Siyi Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Shunyao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Deyi Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Runxiang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Mengli Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Mengli Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
| | - Zongkai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Zhongze Lou
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Chunxiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University,Ningbo 315010, China.
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10
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He R, Li Y, He Y, Wang Q, Zhang S, Chen S. Berberine mitigates diclofenac-induced intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier dysfunction through the restoration of autophagy by inhibiting exosome-mediated lncRNA H19. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2525-2540. [PMID: 38758516 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01487-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Small intestine damage caused by diclofenac is called diclofenac enteropathy. Berberine (BBR), a class of isoquinoline alkaloids derived from Berberis vulgaris and Phellodendron amurense, is widely used in intestinal diseases. The present study evaluated the protective effect of BBR on the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier in diclofenac enteropathy and its possible action mechanism. The in vitro animal experiment revealed that BBR downregulated the expression of long non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) in the small intestine and exosomes. In the co-culture experiment involving exosomes and intestinal epithelial cell-6 (IEC-6) cells, the results of qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that the elevated expression of lncRNA H19 in the small intestine, conveyed via exosomes derived from the diclofenac group, suppressed the expression levels of autophagy-associated protein 5 (Atg 5) and light chain 3 (LC 3), as well as and the tight junction (TJ) proteins zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1, and occluding, relative to the control group. BBR treatment attenuated exosomal lncRNA H19 levels, upregulated the expression of Atg5 and LC3 expression, enhanced TJ protein expression, and increased the light chain 3 (LC3)-II/LC3-I ratio. These findings significantly elucidated that BBR promoted the restoration of autophagy in IECs by inhibiting exosomal lncRNA H19, thereby mitigating the impairment of the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier function in diclofenac enteropathy. The process involving exosomal lncRNA H19 regulating autophagy, thereby affecting the intestinal mucosal mechanical barrier, offers a novel perspective for the application of BBR in the treatment of diclofenac enteropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan He
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi He
- The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang, China.
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11
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Wu C, Yang J, Ye C, Wu H, Shu W, Li R, Wang S, Lu Y, Chen H, Zhang Z, Yao Q. Berberine attenuates 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucosal injury by modulating the gut microbiota without compromising its anti-tumor efficacy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34528. [PMID: 39114045 PMCID: PMC11305238 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu), a prominent chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, is often associated with gastrointestinal toxicities, particularly diarrhea. Our previous study demonstrated that berberine (BBR) ameliorates 5-Fu-induced intestinal mucosal injury by modulating the gut microbiota in rats. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanism underlying BBR's protective effect on intestinal mucosa remains elusive, and its impact on the anti-tumor efficacy of 5-Fu warrants further investigation. Methods The effect of BBR on 5-Fu-induced intestinal mucosal injury was investigated using a tumor-bearing murine model, employing H&E staining, 16 S rDNA sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, Western blot analysis, cell experiments and constructing a pseudo-germ-free tumor xenograft model. Result Our findings demonstrate that BBR alleviates intestinal mucosal damage, reduces the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β), and inhibits epithelial cell apoptosis in 5-Fu-treated mice without compromising 5-Fu's anti-tumor efficacy. Moreover, 16 S rDNA sequencing indicated that BBR significantly increases the abundance of Akkermansia and decreases the abundance of pathogenic bacteria Escherichia/Shigella at the genus level. Mechanistically, transcriptome sequencing and Western blot analysis confirmed that BBR upregulates PI3K/AKT/mTOR expression in the intestinal mucosa. However, this effect was not observed in tumor tissues. Notably, BBR did not demonstrate a direct protective effect on 5-Fu-treated CCD841 and SW480 cells. Additionally, BBR had no effect on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the intestinal tissue of the 5-Fu-treated mouse model with a depleted gut microbiota. Conclusion This study indicates that BBR alleviates 5-Fu-induced intestinal mucosal injury by modulating the gut microbiota and regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway without compromising the anti-tumor efficacy of 5-Fu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jie Yang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Chenxiao Ye
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Hui Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wenxi Shu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310012, China
| | - Sihan Wang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Haitao Chen
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Zewei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Qinghua Yao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Xinhua Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310005, China
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12
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Zhai Z, Niu J, Xu L, Xu J. Advanced Application of Polymer Nanocarriers in Delivery of Active Ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicines. Molecules 2024; 29:3520. [PMID: 39124924 PMCID: PMC11314021 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Active ingredients from Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) have been a cornerstone of healthcare for millennia, offering a rich source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. However, the clinical application of TCMs is often limited by challenges such as poor solubility, low bioavailability, and variable pharmacokinetics. To address these issues, the development of advanced polymer nanocarriers has emerged as a promising strategy for the delivery of TCMs. This review focuses on the introduction of common active ingredients from TCMs and the recent advancements in the design and application of polymer nanocarriers for enhancing the efficacy and safety of TCMs. We begin by discussing the unique properties of TCMs and the inherent challenges associated with their delivery. We then delve into the types of polymeric nanocarriers, including polymer micelles, polymer vesicles, polymer hydrogels, and polymer drug conjugates, highlighting their application in the delivery of active ingredients from TCMs. The main body of the review presents a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art nanocarrier systems and introduces the impact of these nanocarriers on the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of TCM components. On the basis of this, we provide an outlook on the future directions of polymer nanocarriers in TCM delivery. This review underscores the transformative potential of polymer nanocarriers in revolutionizing TCM delivery, offering a pathway to harness the full therapeutic potential of TCMs while ensuring safety and efficacy in a modern medical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhai
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianda Niu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Liguo Xu
- College of Light Chemical Industry and Materials Engineering, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528333, China
| | - Jinbao Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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13
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Owumi S, Chimezie J, Otunla M, Oluwawibe B, Agbarogi H, Anifowose M, Arunsi U, Owoeye O. Prepubertal Repeated Berberine Supplementation Enhances Cerebrocerebellar Functions by Modulating Neurochemical and Behavioural Changes in Wistar Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:72. [PMID: 39042258 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Antioxidant-rich supplementation plays an essential role in the function of mammals' central nervous system. However, no research has documented the effect of berberine (BER) supplementation on the cerebrocerebellar function of prepubertal rats. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of BER supplementation on neurochemical and behavioural changes in prepubertal male rats. Five groups (90 ± 5 g, n = 7 each) of experimental rats were orally treated with corn oil or different doses of BER (25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw) from the 28th at 68 post-natal days. On the 69 days of life, animals underwent behavioural assessment in the open field, hanging wire, and negative geotaxis tests. The result revealed that BER administration improved locomotive and motor behaviour by increasing distance travelled, line crossings, average speed, time mobile, and absolute turn angle in open field test and decrease in time to re-orient on an incline plane, a decrease in immobility time relative to the untreated control. Furthermore, BER supplementation increased (p < 0.05) antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and TSH and prevented increases (p < 0.05) in oxidative and inflammatory levels as indicated by decreases in RONS, LPO, XO, carbonyl protein, NO, MPO, and TNF-α compared to the untreated control. BER-treated animals a lessened number of dark-stained Nissl cells compared to the untreated control rats. Our findings revealed that BER minimised neuronal degeneration and lesions, improved animal behaviour, and suppressed oxidative and inflammatory mediators, which may probably occur through its agonistic effect on PPAR-α, PPAR-δ, and PPAR-γ - essential proteins known to resolve inflammation and modulate redox signalling towards antioxidant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Joseph Chimezie
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Moses Otunla
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Bayode Oluwawibe
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Harieme Agbarogi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Mayowa Anifowose
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Uche Arunsi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Olatunde Owoeye
- Neuroanatomy Research Laboratories, Department of Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria
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14
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Zhu J, Zhang QH, Wang WW. Pattern Recognition of Alkaloids by Inhibiting the Catalytic Activity of Dopzymes for Dopamine. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39014901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Exploiting the specific recognition probe for all of the biomolecules is difficult in "lock-and-key" biosensors. The cross-reaction or the semispecific probe in pattern recognition mode is an alternative strategy through extracting a multidimensional signal array from recognition elements. Here, we design a pattern recognition sensor array based on the alkaloid-inhibited catalytic activity of dopzymes for the discrimination and determination of six alkaloids. In this sensor array, three different G-rich sequences, i.e., G-triplex (G3), G-quadruplex (GQ1), and the G-quadruplex dimer (2GQ1) possessing various peroxidase activities, conjugated with a dopamine aptamer and the dopzymes (G3-d-apt, GQ1-d-apt, and 2GQ1-d-apt) were obtained with an enhanced catalytic performance for the substrate. Through the interactions between six target alkaloids and G3, GQ1, and 2GQ1 regions, the pattern signal (6 alkaloids × 3 dopzymes × 5 replicates) was obtained from the diverse inhibited effect for the dopzyme activity. In virtue of the statistical method principal component analysis (PCA), the data array was projected into a new dimensional space to acquire the three-dimensional (3D) canonical scores and grouped into their respective clusters. The sensor array exhibited an outstanding discrimination and classification capability for six alkaloids with different concentrations with 100% accuracy. In addition, the nonspecific recognition elements of the sensor array showed high selectivity even though other alkaloids with similar structures to targets existed in the samples. Importantly, the levels of the six targets can be analyzed by the most influential discrimination factor, which represented the vector with the highest variance, evidencing that the sensor array has potential in drug screening and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Qing Hong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
| | - Wen Wu Wang
- School of Statistics and Data Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, P. R. China
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15
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Tang W, Ma J, Chen K, Wang K, Chen Z, Chen C, Li X, Wang Y, Shu Y, Zhang W, Yuan X, Shi G, Chen T, Wang P, Chen Y. Berbamine ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by inhibiting peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4-dependent neutrophil extracellular traps formation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 975:176634. [PMID: 38710356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with immune dysregulation affecting colon inflammatory response. Recent studies have highlighted that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of UC. Berbamine (BBM), one of the bioactive ingredients extracted from Chinese herbal medicine Berberis vulgaris L, has attracted intensive attentions due to its significant anti-inflammatory activity and a marketing drug for treating leukemia in China. However, the exact role and potential molecular mechanism of BBM against UC remains elusive. In the present study, our results showed that BBM could markedly improve the pathological phenotype and the colon inflammation in mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Then, comprehensive approaches combining network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses were employed to predict the therapeutic potential of BBM in treating UC by peptidyl-arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), a crucial molecule involved in NETs formation. The molecular docking results showed BBM had a high affinity for PAD4 with a binding energy of -9.3 kcal/mol Moreover, PAD4 expression and NETs productions, including citrullination of histone H3 (Cit-H3), neutrophil elastase (NE), myeloperoxidase (MPO) in both neutrophils and colonic tissue were reduced after BBM administration. However, in the mice with DSS-induced colitis pretreated with GSK484, a PAD4-specific inhibitor, BBM could not further reduce disease related indexes, expression of PAD4 and NETs productions. Above all, the identification of PAD4 as a potential target for BBM to inhibit NETs formation in colitis provides novel insights into the development of BBM-derived drugs for the clinical management of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Jiaze Ma
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Kaidi Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Kuiling Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Zepeng Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Xun Li
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4702, Australia
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Yi Shu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Guoping Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China
| | - Tuo Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4702, Australia.
| | - Peimin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Department of Orthopedics, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
| | - Yugen Chen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology and Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
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Luo Y, Zhang G, Hu C, Huang L, Wang D, Chen Z, Wang Y. The Role of Natural Products from Herbal Medicine in TLR4 Signaling for Colorectal Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2024; 29:2727. [PMID: 38930793 PMCID: PMC11206024 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway constitutes an intricate network of protein interactions primarily involved in inflammation and cancer. This pathway triggers intracellular signaling cascades, modulating transcription factors that regulate gene expression related to immunity and malignancy. Previous studies showed that colon cancer patients with low TLR4 expression exhibit extended survival times and the TLR4 signaling pathway holds a significant role in CRC pathogenesis. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have garnered substantial attention as an alternative therapeutic modality for CRC, primarily due to their multifaceted composition and ability to target multiple pathways. Emerging evidence indicates that specific TCM products, such as andrographolide, rosmarinic acid, baicalin, etc., have the potential to impede CRC development through the TLR4 signaling pathway. Here, we review the role and biochemical processes of the TLR4 signaling pathway in CRC, and natural products from TCMs affecting the TLR4 pathway. This review sheds light on potential treatment strategies utilizing natural TLR4 inhibitors for CRC, which contributes to the advancement of research and accelerates their clinical integration into CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Guochen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Chao Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China;
| | - Lijun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Zhejie Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China; (Y.L.); (G.Z.); (L.H.); (D.W.)
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17
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Xu J, Zhang J, Chen W, Ni X. The tumor-associated fibrotic reactions in microenvironment aggravate glioma chemoresistance. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1388700. [PMID: 38863628 PMCID: PMC11165034 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1388700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are one of the most common and lethal brain tumors with poor prognosis. Most patients with glioblastoma (GBM) die within 2 years of diagnosis, even after receiving standard treatments including surgery combined with concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for gliomas, but the frequent acquisition of chemoresistance generally leads to its treatment failure. Thus, it's urgent to investigate the strategies for overcoming glioma chemoresistance. Currently, many studies have elucidated that cancer chemoresistance is not only associated with the high expression of drug-resistance genes in glioma cells but also can be induced by the alterations of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Numerous studies have explored the use of antifibrosis drugs to sensitize chemotherapy in solid tumors, and surprisingly, these preclinical and clinical attempts have exhibited promising efficacy in treating certain types of cancer. However, it remains unclear how tumor-associated fibrotic alterations in the glioma microenvironment (GME) mediate chemoresistance. Furthermore, the possible mechanisms behind this phenomenon are yet to be determined. In this review, we have summarized the molecular mechanisms by which tumor-associated fibrotic reactions drive glioma transformation from a chemosensitive to a chemoresistant state. Additionally, we have outlined antitumor drugs with antifibrosis functions, suggesting that antifibrosis strategies may be effective in overcoming glioma chemoresistance through TME normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wubing Chen
- Department of Radiology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiangrong Ni
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Chang C, Roh YS, Du M, Kuo YC, Zhang Y, Hardy M, Gahler R, Solnier J. Differences in Metabolite Profiles of Dihydroberberine and Micellar Berberine in Caco-2 Cells and Humans-A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5625. [PMID: 38891813 PMCID: PMC11171481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the pharmacokinetic pathway of berberine and its metabolites in vitro, in Caco-2 cells, and in human participants following the administration of dihydroberberine (DHB) and micellar berberine (LipoMicel®, LMB) formulations. A pilot trial involving nine healthy volunteers was conducted over a 24 h period; blood samples were collected and subjected to Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) analyses to quantify the concentrations of berberine and its metabolites. Pharmacokinetic correlations indicated that berberrubine and thalifendine follow distinct metabolic pathways. Additionally, jatrorrhizine sulfate appeared to undergo metabolism differently compared to the other sulfated metabolites. Moreover, berberrubine glucuronide likely has a unique metabolic pathway distinct from other glucuronides. The human trial revealed significantly higher blood concentrations of berberine metabolites in participants of the DHB treatment group compared to the LMB treatment group-except for berberrubine glucuronide, which was only detected in the LMB treatment group. Similarly, results from in vitro investigations showed significant differences in berberine metabolite profiles between DHB and LMB. Dihydroberberine, dihydroxy-berberrubine/thalifendine and jatrorrhizine sulfate were detected in LMB-treated cells, but not in DHB-treated cells; thalifendine and jatrorrhizine-glucuronide were detected in DHB-treated cells only. While DHB treatment provided higher blood concentrations of berberine and most berberine metabolites, both in vitro (Caco-2 cells) and in vivo human studies showed that treatment with LMB resulted in a higher proportion of unmetabolized berberine compared to DHB. These findings suggest potential clinical implications that merit further investigation in future large-scale trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuck Chang
- ISURA, Clinical Research, Burnaby, BC V3N 4S9, Canada; (C.C.); (Y.S.R.); (M.D.); (Y.C.K.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yoon Seok Roh
- ISURA, Clinical Research, Burnaby, BC V3N 4S9, Canada; (C.C.); (Y.S.R.); (M.D.); (Y.C.K.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Min Du
- ISURA, Clinical Research, Burnaby, BC V3N 4S9, Canada; (C.C.); (Y.S.R.); (M.D.); (Y.C.K.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yun Chai Kuo
- ISURA, Clinical Research, Burnaby, BC V3N 4S9, Canada; (C.C.); (Y.S.R.); (M.D.); (Y.C.K.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yiming Zhang
- ISURA, Clinical Research, Burnaby, BC V3N 4S9, Canada; (C.C.); (Y.S.R.); (M.D.); (Y.C.K.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Mary Hardy
- Academy of Integrative and Holistic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92037, USA;
| | | | - Julia Solnier
- ISURA, Clinical Research, Burnaby, BC V3N 4S9, Canada; (C.C.); (Y.S.R.); (M.D.); (Y.C.K.); (Y.Z.)
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19
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Akhigbe R, Odetayo A, Akhigbe T, Hamed M, Ashonibare P. Pathophysiology and management of testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury: Lessons from animal models. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27760. [PMID: 38694115 PMCID: PMC11058307 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Testicular torsion is a urological emergency that involves the twisting of the spermatic cord along its course. Compelling pieces of evidence have implicated oxidative stress-sensitive signaling in pathogenesis of testicular I/R injury. Although, surgical detorsion is the mainstay management; blockade of the pathways involved in the pathogenesis may improve the surgical outcome. Experimental studies using various testicular I/R models have been reported in a bid to explore the mechanisms associated with testicular I/R and evaluate the benefits of potential therapeutic measures; however, most are limited by their shortcomings. Thus, this review was intended to describe the details of the available testicular I/R models as well as their merits and drawbacks, the pathophysiological basis and consequences of testicular I/R, and the pharmacological agents that have being proposed to confer testicular benefits against testicular I/R. This provides an understanding of the pathophysiological events and available models used in studying testicular I/R. In addition, this research provides evidence-based molecules with therapeutic potentials as well as their mechanisms of action in testicular I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.E. Akhigbe
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A.F. Odetayo
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - T.M. Akhigbe
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Breeding and Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Agronomy, Osun State University, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - M.A. Hamed
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
- The Brainwill Laboratory, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - P.J. Ashonibare
- Department of Physiology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
- Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Research Laboratory, Oasis of Grace Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
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20
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Gao R, Lu Y, Zhang W, Zhang Z. The Application of Berberine in Fibrosis and the Related Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:753-773. [PMID: 38716621 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The formation of fibrotic tissue, characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components such as collagen and fibronectin, is a normal and crucial stage of tissue repair in all organs. The over-synthesis, deposition, and remodeling of ECM components lead to organ dysfunction, posing a significant medical burden. Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, is commonly used in the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. With the deepening of scientific research, it has been gradually discovered that berberine also plays an important role in fibrotic diseases. In this review, we systematically introduce the effective role of berberine in fibrosis-related diseases. Specifically, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the therapeutic role of berberine in treating fibrosis in organs such as the heart, liver, lungs, and kidneys. By summarizing its various pathways and mechanisms of action, including the inhibition of the transforming growth factor-[Formula: see text]/Smad signaling pathway, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, RhoA/ROCK signaling, and mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway, as well as its activation of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, phosphorylated Smad 2/3 and Smad 7, and other signaling pathways, this review offers additional evidence to support the treatment of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongmao Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyu Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610057, P. R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, P. R. China
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21
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Sarraf M, Beigbabaei A, Naji‐Tabasi S. Edible oleogels for oral delivery of berberine in dairy food: In-vitro digestion study. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3273-3281. [PMID: 38726417 PMCID: PMC11077212 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Oleogel is a viscoelastic, spreadable and semi-solid structure, which is used as a fat substitute and a controller the release of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to develop low fat dairy dessert enriched with berberine with applying oleogel system as delivery system and fat replacer. The oleogel prepared with an emulsion-templated methods based on soluble interaction of whey protein concentrate (WPC), WPC-basil seed gum (BSG), and WPC-xanthan gum (XG). In the first step, berberine release kinetic in in-vitro gastrointestinal environment was studied. The results showed that the mouth environment had the highest release rate of berberine. Cooperation of hydrocolloids in oleogel increase stability of structure in stomach condition in compared with WPC oleogel. The suitable model to fit the oleogels contain beberine was the Korsmeyer-Papas that was the highest R 2 (.98). According to release results of berberine from oleogel network, the oleogel 0.6BSG:WPC was chosen and applied in formulation of dairy dessert at different levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of oleogel) instead of cream. The dessert contained uncoated berberine had the unacceptable bitterness in comparison with samples containing coated berberine with oleogel. The overall acceptance decreased with increment of oleogel due to increasing of bitter taste. Appling berberine (therapeutic compound) and oleogel (fat-substitute) to achieve marketable consumer products showed positive effects on trend of the study, especially at low level of substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhdeh Sarraf
- Department of Food ChemistryResearch Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST)MashhadIran
| | - Adel Beigbabaei
- Department of Food ChemistryResearch Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST)MashhadIran
| | - Sara Naji‐Tabasi
- Department of Food NanotechnologyResearch Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST)MashhadIran
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22
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Addi YW, Ren ZX, Rutherford S, Ding XY, Guo CA, Zhang X, Zhang S, Liao H, Wang Y. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants used by the Yi people in Xiaoliangshan, Yunnan Province, SW China. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117683. [PMID: 38184026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Yi people in the Xiaoliangshan region in southwest China have a unique practice of combining ritual treatment and traditional medicine to care for patients. Despite increasing urbanization in the area, they have managed to preserve their distinctive lifestyle and extensive knowledge of traditional medicinal plants, setting them apart from other regions. However, there is a lack of systematic documentation on the knowledge of traditional medicinal plants used by the Yi people in Xiaoliangshan. AIM OF THE STUDY This research aims to achieve the following objectives: 1. Document the diversity of medicinal plants used by the Yi people and explore their therapeutic usages. 2. Evaluate and analyze the main types of diseases with a high incidence in the local area and identify the types of medicinal plants used to treat these diseases. 3. Explore the underlying geographical and human factors influencing both disease prevalence and medicinal plant usage. METHODS Ethnobotanical research methods were used to record and analyze the medicinal plants used by the Yi in Xiaoliangshan. Experts identified all plant specimens collected during ethnobotanical field surveys. The types of diseases treated by medicinal plants were classified according to the International Classification of Primary Care -2nd. RESULTS A total of 125 medicinal plants were recorded after interviewing 193 participants. Of the medicinal plants identified, those with over 100 use reports were Paris polyphylla (202 use reports), Taxillus sutchuenensis (183), Artemisia indica (149), and Papaver somniferum (113). A total of 14 disease categories were recorded, with those related to the following categories having higher Informant Consensus factor values (ICF ≥0.85): Pregnancy, Childbearing, Family Planning, General and Unspecified, Urological, Respiratory, Musculoskeletal, and Skin. The highest quantity of medicinal plants is utilized to improve specific diseases and health problems, namely those related to Digestion, Skin, and Musculoskeletal. Fewer plant species were utilized for diseases or health issues associated with Eyes, Psychological, or Pregnancy, Childbearing, and Family Planning. The use reports from the informants also revealed how some medicinal plants are used to treat a variety of diseases or health issues. For instance, Malva pusilla is used for inducing abortion, treating postpartum hemorrhage, and joint sprains; Artemisia indica is used for treating malaria; Argentina lineata is used to remedy tuberculosis and malaria. Taxillus sutchuenensis is used for dealing with cold, pneumonia, and other ailments. CONCLUSIONS The Yi people in Xiaoliangshan have a rich knowledge of traditional medicinal plants. Decoction and wine brewing are the most common processing methods used for these plants, which are utilized to treat a wide range of diseases. The characteristics of the medicinal use of the Yi people reflects the alpine mountainous environment in which they live, and their medical practices are closely related to traditional healing culture. This study enhances our understanding of the Yi traditional medicine via documentation and offers a valuable reference for future research and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Won Addi
- School of Geographical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Southwest University Center for Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Regional Development Assessment, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Zong-Xin Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Susan Rutherford
- Center of Sustainable Environmental and Ecosystem Research, Department of Environmental Science, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, 325060, China; Research Centre for Ecosystem Resilience, Australian Institute of Botanic Science, Royal Botanic Garden Sydney, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia; Department of Environmental and Sustainability Sciences, The Dorothy and George Jennings College of Science, Mathematics and Technology, Kean University, NJ, 07083, US.
| | - Xiao-Yong Ding
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Chang-An Guo
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- School of Geographical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Heping Liao
- School of Geographical Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Southwest University Center for Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Regional Development Assessment, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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23
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Ai S, Li Y, Zheng H, Zhang M, Tao J, Liu W, Peng L, Wang Z, Wang Y. Collision of herbal medicine and nanotechnology: a bibliometric analysis of herbal nanoparticles from 2004 to 2023. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:140. [PMID: 38556857 PMCID: PMC10983666 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02426-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal nanoparticles are made from natural herbs/medicinal plants, their extracts, or a combination with other nanoparticle carriers. Compared to traditional herbs, herbal nanoparticles lead to improved bioavailability, enhanced stability, and reduced toxicity. Previous research indicates that herbal medicine nanomaterials are rapidly advancing and making significant progress; however, bibliometric analysis and knowledge mapping for herbal nanoparticles are currently lacking. We performed a bibliometric analysis by retrieving publications related to herbal nanoparticles from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database spanning from 2004 to 2023. Data processing was performed using the R package Bibliometrix, VOSviewers, and CiteSpace. RESULTS In total, 1876 articles related to herbal nanoparticles were identified, originating from various countries, with China being the primary contributing country. The number of publications in this field increases annually. Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Saveetha University in India are prominent research institutions in this domain. The Journal "International Journal of Nanomedicine" has the highest number of publications. The number of authors of these publications reached 8234, with Yan Zhao, Yue Zhang, and Huihua Qu being the most prolific authors and Yan Zhao being the most frequently cited author. "Traditional Chinese medicine," "drug delivery," and "green synthesis" are the main research focal points. Themes such as "green synthesis," "curcumin," "wound healing," "drug delivery," and "carbon dots" may represent emerging research areas. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings assist in identifying the latest research frontiers and hot topics, providing valuable references for scholars investigating the role of nanotechnology in herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Ai
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yake Li
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Zheng
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayin Tao
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yaoxian Wang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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24
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Luo Z, Yin F, Wang X, Kong L. Progress in approved drugs from natural product resources. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:195-211. [PMID: 38553188 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Natural products (NPs) have consistently played a pivotal role in pharmaceutical research, exerting profound impacts on the treatment of human diseases. A significant proportion of approved molecular entity drugs are either directly derived from NPs or indirectly through modifications of NPs. This review presents an overview of NP drugs recently approved in China, the United States, and other countries, spanning various disease categories, including cancers, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, central nervous system disorders, and infectious diseases. The article provides a succinct introduction to the origin, activity, development process, approval details, and mechanism of action of these NP drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Fucheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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25
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Tahan M, Zeraatkar S, Neshani A, Marouzi P, Behmadi M, Alavi SJ, Hashemi Shahri SH, Hosseini Bafghi M. Antibacterial Potential of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Berberine Extract Against Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:125-132. [PMID: 38468728 PMCID: PMC10924866 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug resistance in bacterial infections has limited the use of antibiotics. Helping the action of antibiotics is one of the needs of the day. Today, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) is considered due to its safety and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we investigated the effect of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by Berberine plant extract against standard strains of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Utilized UV-Vis, FTIR, FESEM/EDX, XRD, DLS, and Zeta potential techniques to confirm the biosynthesis of NPs. Then, disk diffusion agar (DDA) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests were performed using common classes of standard antibiotics and AgNPs on the mentioned bacteria. The synergistic action between AgNPs and antibiotics was evaluated by the checkerboard method. First, we obtained the confirmation results of the biosynthesis of AgNPs. According to the DDA test, both standard bacterial strains were sensitive to NPs and had an inhibition zone. Also, the MIC values showed that AgNPs inhibit the growth of bacteria at lower concentrations than antibiotics. On the other hand, the results obtained from checkerboard monitoring showed that AgNPs, in combination with conventional antibiotics, have a synergistic effect. The advantage of this study was comparing the antibacterial effect of AgNPs alone and mixed with antibiotics. The antibacterial sensitivity tests indicated that the desired bacterial strains could not grow even in low concentrations of AgNPs. This property can be applied in future programs to solve the drug resistance of microorganisms in bacterial diseases. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-023-01136-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Tahan
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948964 Iran
| | - Shadi Zeraatkar
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948964 Iran
| | - Alireza Neshani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948964 Iran
| | - Parviz Marouzi
- Department of Health Information Technology, Faculty of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Behmadi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948964 Iran
| | - Seyed Jamal Alavi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948964 Iran
| | - Seyed Hamed Hashemi Shahri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hosseini Bafghi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical and Rehabilitation Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948964 Iran
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Nie Q, Li M, Huang C, Yuan Y, Liang Q, Ma X, Qiu T, Li J. The clinical efficacy and safety of berberine in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Transl Med 2024; 22:225. [PMID: 38429794 PMCID: PMC10908013 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, emerging as a significant health issue on a global scale. Berberine exhibits potential for treating NAFLD, but clinical evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of berberine for treating NAFLD. METHODS This study was registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD42023462338). Identification of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involved searching 6 databases covering the period from their initiation to 9 September 2023. The primary outcomes comprised liver function markers such as glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lipid indices including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body mass index (BMI). Review Manager 5.4 and STATA 17.0 were applied for analysis. RESULTS Among 10 RCTs involving 811 patients, berberine demonstrated significant reductions in various parameters: ALT (standardized mean difference (SMD) = - 0.72), 95% confidence interval (Cl) [- 1.01, - 0.44], P < 0.00001), AST (SMD = - 0.79, 95% CI [- 1.17, - 0.40], P < 0.0001), GGT (SMD = - 0.62, 95% CI [- 0.95, - 0.29], P = 0.0002), TG (SMD = - 0.59, 95% CI [- 0.86, - 0.31], P < 0.0001), TC(SMD = - 0.74, 95% CI [- 1.00, - 0.49], P < 0.00001), LDL-C (SMD = - 0.53, 95% CI [- 0.88, - 0.18], P = 0.003), HDL-C (SMD = - 0.51, 95% CI [- 0.12, 1.15], P = 0.11), HOMA-IR (SMD = - 1.56, 95% CI [- 2.54, - 0.58], P = 0.002), and BMI (SMD = - 0.58, 95% CI [- 0.77, - 0.38], P < 0.00001). Importantly, Berberine exhibited a favorable safety profile, with only mild gastrointestinal adverse events reported. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis demonstrates berberine's efficacy in improving liver enzymes, lipid profile, and insulin sensitivity in NAFLD patients. These results indicate that berberine shows promise as an adjunct therapy for NAFLD. Trial registration The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD42023462338). Registered on September 27, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Nie
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China
| | - Caiyang Huang
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6, Qinren Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongwei Yuan
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuyan Liang
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6, Qinren Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China
| | - Tengyu Qiu
- The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6, Qinren Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6, Qinren Road, Chancheng District, Foshan, 528051, Guangdong, China.
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Ma Q, Yang F, Xiao B, Guo X. Emerging roles of circular RNAs in tumorigenesis, progression, and treatment of gastric cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:207. [PMID: 38414006 PMCID: PMC10897999 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
With an estimated one million new cases reported annually, gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fifth most diagnosed malignancy worldwide. The early detection of GC remains a major challenge, and the prognosis worsens either when patients develop resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy or when the cancer metastasizes. The precise pathogenesis underlying GC is not well understood, which further complicates its treatment. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a recently discovered class of noncoding RNAs that originate from parental genes through "back-splicing", have been shown to play a key role in various biological processes in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. CircRNAs have been linked to cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, Alzheimer's disease, and the occurrence and progression of tumors. Prior studies have established that circRNAs play a crucial role in GC, impacting tumorigenesis, diagnosis, progression, and therapy resistance. This review aims to summarize how circRNAs contribute to GC tumorigenesis and progression, examine their roles in the development of drug resistance, discuss their potential as biotechnological drugs, and summarize their response to therapeutic drugs and microorganism in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
- Translational Medicine Research Center & School of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolan Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China.
- Translational Medicine Research Center & School of Laboratory Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China.
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Lin X, Zhang J, Chu Y, Nie Q, Zhang J. Berberine prevents NAFLD and HCC by modulating metabolic disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 254:108593. [PMID: 38301771 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global metabolic disease with high prevalence in both adults and children. Importantly, NAFLD is becoming the main cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Berberine (BBR), a naturally occurring plant component, has been demonstrated to have advantageous effects on a number of metabolic pathways as well as the ability to kill liver tumor cells by causing cell death and other routes. This permits us to speculate and make assumptions about the value of BBR in the prevention and defense against NAFLD and HCC by a global modulation of metabolic disorders. Herein, we briefly describe the etiology of NAFLD and NAFLD-related HCC, with a particular emphasis on analyzing the potential mechanisms of BBR in the treatment of NAFLD from aspects including increasing insulin sensitivity, controlling the intestinal milieu, and controlling lipid metabolism. We also elucidate the mechanism of BBR in the treatment of HCC. More significantly, we provided a list of clinical studies for BBR in NAFLD. Taking into account our conclusions and perspectives, we can make further progress in the treatment of BBR in NAFLD and NAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Lin
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Juanhong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yajun Chu
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiuying Nie
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Huang X, Lowrie DB, Fan XY, Hu Z. Natural products in anti-tuberculosis host-directed therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116087. [PMID: 38171242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Given that the disease progression of tuberculosis (TB) is primarily related to the host's immune status, it has been gradually realized that chemotherapy that targets the bacteria may never, on its own, wholly eradicate Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. The concept of host-directed therapy (HDT) with immune adjuvants has emerged. HDT could potentially interfere with infection and colonization by the pathogens, enhance the protective immune responses of hosts, suppress the overwhelming inflammatory responses, and help to attain a state of homeostasis that favors treatment efficacy. However, the HDT drugs currently being assessed in combination with anti-TB chemotherapy still face the dilemmas arising from side effects and high costs. Natural products are well suited to compensate for these shortcomings by having gentle modulatory effects on the host immune responses with less immunopathological damage at a lower cost. In this review, we first summarize the profiles of anti-TB immunology and the characteristics of HDT. Then, we focus on the rationale and challenges of developing and implementing natural products-based HDT. A succinct report of the medications currently being evaluated in clinical trials and preclinical studies is provided. This review aims to promote target-based screening and accelerate novel TB drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Huang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Douglas B Lowrie
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Fan
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Zhidong Hu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
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Li L, Xiao Y, Zhou J, Mo H, Li X, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhong M. Effects of Berberine on glucolipid metabolism among dehydroepiandrosterone-induced rats of polycystic ovary syndrome with insulin-resistance. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24338. [PMID: 38293350 PMCID: PMC10826177 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a set of endocrine disorder syndrome characterized by ovulation disorder. Increased insulin resistance (IR) and compensatory hyperinsulinemia play a vital role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Therefore, insulin sensitizing agents have been studied in the treatment of PCOS. Berberine (BBR) has been proved to alleviate IR in patients with PCOS, but the mechanism remained unclear. This study was aimed to verify the regulatory mechanism of BBR on PCOS-IR rats. Firstly, we established a female rat PCOS-IR model induced by dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and found that estrus cycle was disrupted in the PCOS-IR group, serum fasting insulin (FINS) level and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were significantly higher than normal control group. BBR treatment could recover estrous cycle, reduce abnormal serum hormone levels like luteotropic hormone (LH) and testosterone (T). Most importantly, BBR could concentration-dependently reduce serum FINS level in PCOS-IR rat model. Meanwhile, BBR may improve the abnormal lipid metabolism levels in PCOS-IR group by decreasing low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG). Histological results showed that BBR can also protect normal histological structures of ovaries in PCOS-IR rats. Our results indicated that BBR plays a protective role in PCOS-IR, increasing insulin sensitivity, improving hyperandrogens and recovering abnormal blood lipids. Therefore, Our research provides novel insights for therapeutic treatment of BBR in patients with glucolipid metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Jiahe Zhou
- Naval Special Medical Center, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200082, China
| | - Hui Mo
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 000853, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
| | - Yuancheng Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Youfeng Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 000853, China
| | - Minglin Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510010, China
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Ma X, Yu X, Li R, Cui J, Yu H, Ren L, Jiang J, Zhang W, Wang L. Berberine-silybin salt achieves improved anti-nonalcoholic fatty liver disease effect through regulating lipid metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117238. [PMID: 37774895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Berberine (BBR) and silybin (SIY) are natural compounds obtained from Berberidaceae members and Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., respectively. These compounds have been demonstrated to regulate lipid metabolism and indue hepatoprotective effects, establishing their importance for the treatment of liver injury. Combination therapy has shown promise in treating ailments with complex pathophysiology, such as liver diseases. However, the inconsistent dissolution and poor absorption of BBR and SIY limit their efficacy. AIM OF THE STUDY This study compared the salt formulation (BSS) and physical mixture (BSP) of BBR and SIY for their efficacy in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MATERIALS AND METHODS The formation of the BSS was confirmed using various techniques, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffractometry. In addition, dissolution, trans-epithelial permeability, and bioavailability experiments were conducted to evaluate the absorption and distribution of drugs. Pharmacodynamics and mechanisms were investigated through in vivo experiments. RESULTS BSS form demonstrated synchronized dissolution of both components, unlike BSP. Additionally, the transepithelial permeability results revealed that BSS exhibited superior penetration and absorption of both BBR and SIY in comparison to BSP. Furthermore, BSS significantly increased the bioavailability of SIY in both plasma and the liver (2.2- and 4.5-fold, respectively) when compared with BSP. Moreover, BSS demonstrated a more potent inhibitory effect on lipid production in HepG2 cells than BSP. In mouse models (BALB/c) of NAFLD, BSS improved disease outcomes, as evidenced by decreased adipose levels, normalized blood lipid levels, and reduced liver parenchyma injury. Preliminary transcriptomics analysis suggested that BSS achieved its anti-NAFLD effect by regulating the expression of fatty acid transporter CD36, recombinant fatty acid binding protein 4, and stearyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase 1, which are associated with the synthesis and uptake of fatty acid-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that compared with physical mixing, salification improved the efficacy of BBR and SIY, as demonstrated in animal experiments. These findings provide valuable insights into the development of more effective treatments for NAFLD and provide new possibilities for combination therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyou Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Cui
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyang Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Ren
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Wenxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Lulu Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Xie M, Lu W, Gu S, Lu J, Wu H, Yao L, Du M, Zhang J, Liu Y, Wang Q. A rapid localization and analysis method for isoquinoline alkaloids with fluorescence in Coptis chinensis Franch. By fabricating the nano-silver sol as a substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1287:342067. [PMID: 38182374 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) directly impacts their clinical efficacy and drug safety, making standardization a critical component of modern TCMs. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an effective physical detection method with speed, sensitivity, and suitability for large sample analyses. In this study, a SERS analysis method was developed using a nano-silver sol as the matrix to address the interference of fluorescence components in TCMs and overcome the limitations of traditional detection methods. RESULTS The higher sensitivity and efficiency of SERS was used, enabling detection of a single sample within 30 s. Coptis chinensis Franch. (CCF) was chosen as the model medicine, the nano-silver sol was used as the matrix, and CCF's fourteen main fluorescent alkaloids were tested as index components. Typical signal peaks of the main components in CCF corresponded to the bending deformation of the nitrogen-containing ring plane outer ring system, methoxy stretching vibration, and isoquinoline ring deformation vibration. Through SERS detection of different parts, the distribution content of the main active components in the cortex of CCF was found to be lower than that in the xylem and phloem. Additionally, rapid quality control analyses indicated that among the nine batches of original medicinal materials purchased from Emei and Guangxi, the main active ingredient showed a higher content. SIGNIFICANCE A SERS-based method for the rapid localization and analysis of multiple components of TCMs was established. The findings highlight the potential of SERS as a valuable tool for the analysis and quality control of TCMs, especially for fluorescent components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhen Xie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China
| | - Wanying Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China
| | - Siqi Gu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China
| | - Junzhong Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China
| | - Le Yao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China
| | - Menghan Du
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China
| | - Jianjia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No. 24, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150040, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157, Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, 150081, China.
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Pearl WG, Selvam R, Karmenyan AV, Perevedentseva EV, Hung SC, Chang HH, Shushunova N, Prikhozhdenko ES, Bratashov D, Tuchin VV, Cheng CL. Berberine mediated fluorescent gold nanoclusters in biomimetic erythrocyte ghosts as a nanocarrier for enhanced photodynamic treatment. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3321-3334. [PMID: 38249664 PMCID: PMC10798219 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08299g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-established cancer treatment method that employs light to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing oxidative damage to cancer cells. Nevertheless, PDT encounters challenges due to its oxygen-dependent nature, which makes it less effective in hypoxic tumor environments. To address this issue, we have developed a novel nanocomposite known as AuNC@BBR@Ghost. This nanocomposite combines the advantageous features of erythrocyte ghost membranes, the photoresponsive properties of gold nanoclusters (AuNC) and the anticancer characteristics of Berberine (BBR) for cancer treatment. Our synthesized AuNC efficiently produce ROS, with a 25% increase in efficiency when exposed to near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. By harnessing the oxygen-carrying capacity of erythrocyte ghost cells, AuNC@BBR@Ghost demonstrates a significant improvement in ROS generation, achieving an 80% efficiency. Furthermore, the AuNC exhibit tunable emission wavelengths due to their excellent fluorescent properties. In normoxic conditions, treatment of A549 lung carcinoma cells with AuNC@BBR@Ghost followed by exposure to 808 nm NIR irradiation results in a notable increase in intracellular ROS levels, accelerating cell death. In hypoxic conditions, when A549 cells were treated with AuNC@BBR@Ghost, the erythrocyte ghost acted as an oxygen supplement due to the residual hemoglobin, alleviating hypoxia and enhancing the nanocomposite's sensitivity to PDT treatment. Thus, the AuNC@BBR@Ghost nanocomposite achieves an improved effect by combining the advantageous properties of its individual components, resulting in enhanced ROS generation and adaptability to hypoxic conditions. This innovative approach successfully overcomes PDT's limitations, making AuNC@BBR@Ghost a promising nanotheranostic agent with significant potential for advanced cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wrenit Gem Pearl
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University 97401 Taiwan
| | - Rajakar Selvam
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University 97401 Taiwan
| | | | | | - Shih-Che Hung
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University Hualien 97004 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hou Chang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University Hualien 97004 Taiwan
| | | | | | - Daniil Bratashov
- Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83 Saratov 410012 Russia
| | - Valery V Tuchin
- Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83 Saratov 410012 Russia
| | - Chia-Liang Cheng
- Department of Physics, National Dong Hwa University 97401 Taiwan
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Valipour M, Zakeri Khatir Z, Abdollahi E, Ayati A. Recent Applications of Protoberberines as Privileged Starting Materials for the Development of Novel Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Agents: A Concise Review (2017-2023). ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:48-71. [PMID: 38230282 PMCID: PMC10789142 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Berberine is a well-known phytochemical with significant antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses. Due to having a unique backbone consisting of four interconnected rings, it can be used as a platform for the design and development of novel semisynthetic antiviral agents. The question here is whether novel broad-spectrum antiviral drugs with enhanced activity and toxicity potential can be obtained by attempting to modify the structure of this privileged lead compound. The present study aims to review the results of recent studies in which berberine and its close analogues (protoberberine alkaloids) have been used as starting materials for the production of new semisynthetic antiviral structures. For this purpose, relevant studies published in high-quality journals indexed in databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, etc. in the time frame of 2017 to 2023 were collected. Our selection criterion in the current review focuses on the studies in which protoberberines were used as starting materials for the production of semisynthetic agents with antiviral activity during the indicated time period. Correspondingly, studies were identified in which semisynthetic derivatives with significant inhibitory activity against a wide range of viruses including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), enterovirus 71 (EV71), zika virus (ZIKV), influenza A/B, cytomegalovirus (CMV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and coxsackieviruses were designed and synthesized. Our conclusion is that, despite the introduction of diverse semisynthetic derivatives of berberine with improved activity profiles compared to the parent natural leads, sufficient derivatization has not been done yet and more studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Valipour
- Razi
Drug Research Center, Iran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Zahra Zakeri Khatir
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 6964114483, Iran
- Student
Research Committee, Mazandaran University
of Medical Sciences, Sari 6964114483, Iran
| | - Elaheh Abdollahi
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Adileh Ayati
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research Center, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
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Khezri MR, Mohammadipanah S, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. The pharmacological effects of Berberine and its therapeutic potential in different diseases: Role of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2024; 38:349-367. [PMID: 37922566 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway plays a central role in cell growth and survival and is disturbed in various pathologies. The PI3K is a kinase that generates phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PI (3-5) P3), as a second messenger responsible for the translocation of AKT to the plasma membrane and its activation. However, due to the crucial role of the PI3K/AKT pathway in regulation of cell survival processes, it has been introduced as a main therapeutic target for natural compounds during the progression of different pathologies. Berberine, a plant-derived isoquinone alkaloid, is known because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antitumor properties. The effect of this natural compound on cell survival processes has been shown to be mediated by modulation of the intracellular pathways. However, the effects of this natural compound on the PI3K/AKT pathway in various pathologies have not been reviewed so far. Therefore, this paper aims to review the PI3K/AKT-mediated effects of Berberine in different types of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, and central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Gasmi A, Asghar F, Zafar S, Oliinyk P, Khavrona O, Lysiuk R, Peana M, Piscopo S, Antonyak H, Pen JJ, Lozynska I, Noor S, Lenchyk L, Muhammad A, Vladimirova I, Dub N, Antoniv O, Tsal O, Upyr T, Bjørklund G. Berberine: Pharmacological Features in Health, Disease and Aging. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1214-1234. [PMID: 36748808 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230207112539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Berberine is the main active compound of different herbs and is defined as an isoquinoline quaternary botanical alkaloid found in barks and roots of numerous plants. It exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects, such as anti-obesity and antidiabetic effects. Berberine has antibacterial activity against a variety of microbiota, including many bacterial species, protozoa, plasmodia, fungi, and trypanosomes. OBJECTIVE This review describes the role of berberine and its metabolic effects. It also discusses how it plays a role in glucose metabolism, fat metabolism, weight loss, how it modulates the gut microbiota, and what are its antimicrobial properties along with its potential side effects with maximal tolerable dosage. METHODS Representative studies were considered and analyzed from different scientific databases, including PubMed and Web of Science, for the years 1982-2022. RESULTS Literature analysis shows that berberine affects many biochemical and pharmacological pathways that theoretically yield a positive effect on health and disease. Berberine exhibits neuroprotective properties in various neurodegenerative and neuropsychological ailments. Despite its low bioavailability after oral administration, berberine is a promising tool for several disorders. A possible hypothesis would be the modulation of the gut microbiome. While the evidence concerning the aging process in humans is more limited, preliminary studies have shown positive effects in several models. CONCLUSION Berberine could serve as a potential candidate for the treatment of several diseases. Previous literature has provided a basis for scientists to establish clinical trials in humans. However, for obesity, the evidence appears to be sufficient for hands-on use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Farah Asghar
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics (MMG), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saba Zafar
- Department of Research, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Petro Oliinyk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Khavrona
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Salva Piscopo
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Halyna Antonyak
- Department of Ecology, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iryna Lozynska
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Sadaf Noor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Akram Muhammad
- Department of Research, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Inna Vladimirova
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Dub
- Andrei Krupynskyi Lviv Medical Academy, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olha Antoniv
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Tsal
- Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Taras Upyr
- Department of Research, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
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Fukuyama Y, Kubo M, Harada K. Neurotrophic Natural Products. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 123:1-473. [PMID: 38340248 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42422-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, NT3, NT4) can decrease cell death, induce differentiation, as well as sustain the structure and function of neurons, which make them promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. However, neurotrophins have not been very effective in clinical trials mostly because they cannot pass through the blood-brain barrier owing to being high-molecular-weight proteins. Thus, neurotrophin-mimic small molecules, which stimulate the synthesis of endogenous neurotrophins or enhance neurotrophic actions, may serve as promising alternatives to neurotrophins. Small-molecular-weight natural products, which have been used in dietary functional foods or in traditional medicines over the course of human history, have a great potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. In this contribution, a variety of natural products possessing neurotrophic properties such as neurogenesis, neurite outgrowth promotion (neuritogenesis), and neuroprotection are described, and a focus is made on the chemistry and biology of several neurotrophic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyasu Fukuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan.
| | - Miwa Kubo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, 770-8514, Japan
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Mushtaq Z, Imran M, Saeed F, Imran A, Ali SW, Shahbaz M, Alsagaby SA, Guerrero Sánchez Y, Umar M, Hussain M, Al Abdimonem W, Al Jbawi E, Mahwish, El-Ghorab AH, Abdelgawad MA. Berberine: a comprehensive Approach to combat human maladies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2184300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zarina Mushtaq
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Narowal-Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shinawar Waseem Ali
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quid-i-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, MNS-University Multan, Pakistan
| | - Suliman A. Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maryam Umar
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waleed Al Abdimonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahwish
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed H. El-Ghorab
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelgawad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Mianowska M, Zaremba-Czogalla M, Zygmunt A, Mahmud M, Süss R, Gubernator J. Dual Role of Vitamin C-Encapsulated Liposomal Berberine in Effective Colon Anticancer Immunotherapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:5. [PMID: 38275991 PMCID: PMC10819181 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to achieve effective colon anticancer immunotherapy using the alkaloid berberine. In the presented paper we attempt to develop a formulation of berberine loaded into liposomal carriers using the vitamin C gradient method, characterized by efficient drug encapsulation, high stability during long-term storage, low drug release in human plasma with specific cytotoxicity towards colon cancer cells. Liposomal berberine was responsible for the induction of oxidative stress, the presence of Ca2+ ions in the cytosol, the reduction of Δψm, and ATP depletion with a simultaneous lack of caspase activity. Moreover, treatment with liposomal berberine led to CRT exposure on the surface of cancer cells, extracellular ATP, and HMGB1 release. The above-described mechanism of action was most likely associated with ICD induction, contributing to the increased number of phagocytic cancer cells. We have shown that cancer cells treated with liposomal berberine were phagocytosed more frequently by macrophages compared to the untreated cancer cells. What is more, we have shown that macrophage pre-treatment with liposomal berberine led to a 3-fold change in the number of phagocytosed SW620 cancer cells. The obtained results provide new insights into the role of berberine in maintaining the immune response against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Mianowska
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.-C.); (A.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Magdalena Zaremba-Czogalla
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.-C.); (A.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Adrianna Zygmunt
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.-C.); (A.Z.); (M.M.)
| | - Mohamed Mahmud
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.-C.); (A.Z.); (M.M.)
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Misurata, Misurata 2478, Libya
| | - Regine Süss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Sonnenstr. 5, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Jerzy Gubernator
- Department of Lipids and Liposomes, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.Z.-C.); (A.Z.); (M.M.)
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Rezaul Islam M, Rauf A, Akash S, Kumer A, Hussain MS, Akter S, Gupta JK, Thameemul Ansari L, Mahfoj Islam Raj MM, Bin Emran T, Aljohani AS, Abdulmonem WA, Thiruvengadam R, Thiruvengadam M. Recent perspective on the potential role of phytocompounds in the prevention of gastric cancer. Process Biochem 2023; 135:83-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
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41
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Wu F, Cui M, Wang S, Yu C, Yin W, Li J, Yan X. Effect of berberine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of atorvastatin in hyperlipidemia rats. Xenobiotica 2023; 53:644-652. [PMID: 38054840 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2023.2290648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Atorvastatin, an effective lipid-lowering drug, could reduce the risks of morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases. Patients with cardiovascular diseases often use atorvastatin along with berberine. Atorvastatin is the substrate of CYP3A4 and P-gp. However, berberine is the inhibitor. The combination might lead to DDIs. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of berberine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of atorvastatin in rats.Plasma concentrations of atorvastatin with or without berberine were determined by HPLC. Pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated and used to evaluate pharmacokinetics interactions. The effect of berberine on pharmacodynamics of atorvastatin was investigated by detecting blood lipid, SOD, MDA, GSH-Px, AST, ALT, and liver histopathology.Cmax, tmax, and AUC0-t of atorvastatin in combination group significantly increased both in normal and model rats (p < 0.01). The increase of t1/2, AUC0-t in model rats was more significant than that in normal rats (p < 0.05). Pharmacodynamics indexes in treatment groups were significantly improved, especially combination group (p < 0.05). Moreover, it could be found that there is a significant recovery in liver histopathology.In conclusion, berberine could affect pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin, enhance lipid-lowering effect and improve liver injury in rats. More attention should be paid to plasma exposure in clinical to avoid adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Mingyu Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Weihong Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xueying Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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42
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Ballikaya E, Çelebi-Saltik B. Approaches to vital pulp therapies. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49:735-749. [PMID: 37515353 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Tooth decay, which leads to pulpal inflammation due to the pulp's response to bacterial components and byproducts is the most common infectious disease. The main goals of clinical management are to eliminate sources of infection, to facilitate healing by regulating inflammation indental tissue, and to replace lost tissues. A variety of novel approaches from tissue engineering based on stem cells, bioactive molecules, and extracellular matrix-like scaffold structures to therapeutic applications, or a combination of all these are present in the literature. Shortcomings of existing conventional materials for pulp capping and the novel approches aiming to preserve pulp vitality highligted the need for developing new targeted dental materials. This review looks at the novel approches for vital pulp treatments after briefly addresing the conventional vital pulp treatment as well as the regenerative and self defense capabilities of the pulp. A narrative review focusing on the current and future approaches for pulp preservation was performed after surveying the relevant papers on vital pulp therapies including pulp capping, pulpotomy, and potential approaches for facilitating dentin-pulp complex regeneration in PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ballikaya
- Department of Oral and Dental Health Research, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betül Çelebi-Saltik
- Department of Oral and Dental Health Research, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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43
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Qiu C, Zhang JZ, Wu B, Xu CC, Pang HH, Tu QC, Lu YQ, Guo QY, Xia F, Wang JG. Advanced application of nanotechnology in active constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicines. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:456. [PMID: 38017573 PMCID: PMC10685519 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) have been used for centuries for the treatment and management of various diseases. However, their effective delivery to targeted sites may be a major challenge due to their poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and potential toxicity. Nanocarriers, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles and organic/inorganic nanohybrids based on active constituents from TCMs have been extensively studied as a promising strategy to improve the delivery of active constituents from TCMs to achieve a higher therapeutic effect with fewer side effects compared to conventional formulations. This review summarizes the recent advances in nanocarrier-based delivery systems for various types of active constituents of TCMs, including terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and quinones, from different natural sources. This review covers the design and preparation of nanocarriers, their characterization, and in vitro/vivo evaluations. Additionally, this review highlights the challenges and opportunities in the field and suggests future directions for research. Nanocarrier-based delivery systems have shown great potential in improving the therapeutic efficacy of TCMs, and this review may serve as a comprehensive resource to researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jun Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medical Science, Sixth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Cheng Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Huan Huan Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qing Chao Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yu Qian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qiu Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ji Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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Gamini Rajapakse RM, Horrocks BR, Gunarathna HMNP, Malikaramage AU, Egodawele MGSAMEWDDK, Herath WHMRNK, Sandakelum L, Bandara VMYSU, Bowatta WVNS, Susanthi Jayasinghe JM, Seneviratne VN, Ranatunga U, Perera LLK, Dassanayake SM, Udawatte CP. Computational analysis and experimental verification of donor-acceptor behaviour of berberine, and its co-oligomers and co-polymers with ethylenedıoxythıophene. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20186. [PMID: 37980445 PMCID: PMC10657409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The donor-acceptor (D-A) type of conjugated polymers has emerged as the paradigm of the third generation of electronically conducting polymers demonstrating improved infrared activity and intrinsic electronic conductivity. Judicious selection of donor (D) and acceptor (A) monomers for copolymerization can further fine-tune these properties. Notably, for such refinement, natural compounds provide many conjugated molecules with various functional groups. Berberine cation (Ber+) found in Coscinium fenestratum has extensive conjugation and contains both an electron deficient isoquinolium A moiety and electron-rich D-type methylenedioxy and methoxy groups. The incorporation of natural products in electronic materials is a novel area of research which opens a wide scope for future electronic and optoelectronic devices. Investigation of their fundamental properties via computer simulations is therefore important. In this study, quantum chemical calculations are performed using density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the electronic and optical properties of oligomers of Ber+ and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) and to explore the possibilities for homo-polymerization of Ber+ and its copolymerization with EDOT. It has been revealed that homo-polymerization is not favoured but copolymerization with EDOT is possible. As such, Ber+ was copolymerized with EDOT and the copolymers formed by electro-polymerization are extensively characterised and the D-A behaviour of the copolymers verified. Furthermore, the theoretical predictions have been compared with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Gamini Rajapakse
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka.
| | - Benjamin R Horrocks
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - H M N P Gunarathna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - A U Malikaramage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | | | - W H M R N K Herath
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Lahiru Sandakelum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - V M Y S U Bandara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - W V N S Bowatta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | | | - V N Seneviratne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Udayana Ranatunga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - L L K Perera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - S M Dassanayake
- Department of Decision Sciences, University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
| | - Chandana P Udawatte
- Department of Physical Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya, Sri Lanka
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Cai Y, Yang Q, Yu Y, Yang F, Bai R, Fan X. Efficacy and underlying mechanisms of berberine against lipid metabolic diseases: a review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1283784. [PMID: 38034996 PMCID: PMC10684937 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1283784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid-lowering therapy is an important tool for the treatment of lipid metabolic diseases, which are increasing in prevalence. However, the failure of conventional lipid-lowering drugs to achieve the desired efficacy in some patients, and the side-effects of these drug regimens, highlight the urgent need for novel lipid-lowering drugs. The liver and intestine are important in the production and removal of endogenous and exogenous lipids, respectively, and have an important impact on circulating lipid levels. Elevated circulating lipids predisposes an individual to lipid deposition in the vascular wall, affecting vascular function. Berberine (BBR) modulates liver lipid production and clearance by regulating cellular targets such as cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP), scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-BI), low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). It influences intestinal lipid synthesis and metabolism by modulating gut microbiota composition and metabolism. Finally, BBR maintains vascular function by targeting proteins such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1). This paper elucidates and summarizes the pharmacological mechanisms of berberine in lipid metabolic diseases from a multi-organ (liver, intestine, and vascular system) and multi-target perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Cai
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoning Yang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanqiao Yu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Furong Yang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruina Bai
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodi Fan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing, China
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Na L, Xu M, Chen JL, Chen GJ, Sun J, Zhang Q, Li JQ, Guo XL, Zuo ZF, Liu XZ, Wang TH. 4D-DIA quantitative proteomics revealed the core mechanism of diabetic retinopathy after berberine treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 958:175947. [PMID: 37659689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal the core mechanism of berberine (BBR) in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR), by using Four-dimensional independent data acquisition (4D-DIA) proteomics combined bioinformatics analysis with experimental validation. METHODS DR injury model was established by injecting streptozotocin intraperitoneally. At 8 weeks after BBR administration, optical coherence tomography (OTC) photos and Hematoxylin-eosin staining from retina in each group were performed, then the retina was collected for 4D-DIA quantitative proteomics detection. Moreover, difference protein analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, as well as molecular docking was performed, respectively. In the part of experiment, Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescent staining was used to confirm the change and distribution of carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1), one of the most important molecules from quantitative PCR detection. Lastly, RNA knockdown was used to determine the crucial role of CA1 in retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPEs) administrated with berberine. RESULTS OCT detection showed that the outer nucleus, inner layer and outer accessory layer of RPEs were thinned in DR group, compared with in sham one, while they were thickened after berberine administration, when compared with in DR group. 10 proteins were screened out by using proteomic analysis and Venny cross plot, in which, denn domain containing 1A (DENND1A) and UTP6 small subunit processome component (UTP6) was down-regulated, while ATPase copper transporting alpha (ATP7A), periplakin (PPL), osteoglycin (OGN), nse1 Homolog (NSMCE1), membrane metalloendopeptidase (MME), lim domain only 4 (LMO4), CA1 and fibronectin 1 (FN1) was up-regulated in DR group, and the BBR treatment can effectively reverse their expressions. PPI results showed that 10 proteins shared interactions with each other, but only ATP7A, FN1 and OGN exhibited directly associated with each other. Moreover, we enlarged the linked relation up to 15 genes in network, based on 10 proteins found from proteomics detection, so as to perform deep GO and KEGG analysis. As a result, the most important biological process is involving rRNA processing; the most important cell component is small subunit processor; the most important molecular function is Phospholipid binding; the KEGG pathway was Ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes. Moreover, molecular docking showed that LMO4, ATP7A, PPL, NSMCE1, MME, CA1 could form a stable molecular binding pattern with BBR. Of these, the mRNA expression of CA1, PPL and ATP7A and the protein level of CA1 was increased in DR, and decreased in BBR group. Lastly, CA1 RNA knockdown confirmed the crucial role of CA1 in RPE administered with BBR. CONCLUSION The present findings confirmed the role of BBR in DR treatment and explained associated molecular network mechanism, in which, CA1 could be considered as a crucial candidate in the protection of RPEs with berberine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Na
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China.
| | - Ji-Lin Chen
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Guo-Jiao Chen
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Jie Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jun-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China.
| | - Xi-Liang Guo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China.
| | - Zhong-Fu Zuo
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China.
| | - Xue-Zheng Liu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China.
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China; Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China; Animal Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
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Meschi M, Khorsandi K, Kianmehr Z. The Effect of Berberine Follow by Blue Light Irradiation and Valproic Acid on the Growth Inhibition of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:6752-6767. [PMID: 36920717 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04395-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer after lung cancer in the world. Due to the anti-cancer properties of Berberine (Ber), in this study, the effect of combination therapy of Ber in the presence of blue LED irradiation and Valproic acid (Val) on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line was investigated. For this reason, after culturing the cells using different concentrations of Ber and Val, breast cancer cells were treated in both mono-treatment and combination therapy. In combination therapy, two modes were considered: (1) treatment with Val and then treatment with Ber in the dark or in presence of blue light irradiation (PDT)at a wavelength of 465 nm and energy of 30 J/cm2 for 15 min, and (2) treatment with Ber in the dark or PDT and then treated with Val. In all cases, cell viability, morphological changes, and colonization were assessed. Evaluation of apoptosis was performed by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. According to the results, combination therapy has a higher mortality rate compared to mono-treatment, and in combination therapy, treatment of cells first with Ber (10 µg/mL)-PDT and then treatment with Val (250 µg/mL) caused a significant reduction (P < 0/05) in the survival rate of cancer cells. According to the findings, it can be said that the use of Ber-PDT in combination with Val, in addition to reducing the dose of the drug, has shown a synergistic effect which can suggest the potential of this strategy as a new treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Meschi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamics, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACER, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Kianmehr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Alam SD, Beg MA, Bagadi M, Locatelli M, ALOthman ZA, Mustaqeem M, Ali I. Facile extraction of berberine from different plants, separation, and identification by thin-layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and biological evaluation against Leishmaniosis. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300582. [PMID: 37675810 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The extraction of berberine was carried out from Berberis vulgaris, Berberis aquifolium, and Hydrastis canadensis plants using ethanol and water (70:30, v/v). The extracted berberine was characterized by ultraviolet-visible and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The purity of berberine was ascertained by thin-layer chromatography using n-propanol-formic acid-water (95:1:4) and (90:1:9) solvents. hRf values were in the range of 44-49 with compact spots (diameter 0.2-0.4 cm). HPLC was carried out using ammonium acetate buffer and acetonitrile in gradient mode with Zodiac (4.6 × 150 mm, 3 μm) column. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and detection was at 220 nm. The values of separation and resolution factors of the standard and the extracted berberine were in the range of 1.13-1.16 and 1.40-1.71, respectively. A comparison has shown that both thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods found applications in different situations and requirements. The extracted berberine samples were used to treat Leishmaniosis and the results showed better activity of berberine in comparison to the standard drug Amphotericin B. Briefly, the reported research is a novel and may be used to extract berberine from plants, separation and identification of berberine by thin layer chromatography and HPLC and to treat Leishmaniosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirza Adil Beg
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Zeid A ALOthman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Mustaqeem
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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Saha L, Kumari P, Rawat K, Gautam V, Sandhu A, Singh N, Bhatia A, Bhattacharya S, Sinha VR, Chakrabarti A. Neuroprotective effect of Berberine Nanoparticles Against Seizures in Pentylenetetrazole Induced Kindling Model of Epileptogenesis: Role of Anti-Oxidative, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Apoptotic Mechanisms. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3055-3072. [PMID: 37329447 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03967-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
There is an unmet need to develop alternative therapeutic strategies to not only restrain seizures but also to alleviate the underlying pathologies and sequelae. Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has shown promising effect in the kindling model of epileptogenesis, but due to the poor oral bioavailability its clinical application is limited. So, the present study was designed to study the neuroprotective effect of BBR nanoparticles (enhanced bioavailability as compared to BBR) against seizures in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced kindling model of epileptogenesis. Kindling model was established in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of PTZ (30 mg/kg) on every alternate day till the animal became fully kindled or till 6 weeks. Three doses of BBR (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) and nano-BBR (25, 50, 100 mg/kg) were studied for seizure score, percentage of animal kindled, histopathological score, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in PTZ treated rats by conducting cytokines, gene expression and protein expression analysis. BBR nanoparticles showed significant effect on the seizure score and percentage of animal kindled, histopathological score, neurobehavioral parameters (Forced swim test, Rotarod), oxidative (MDA, SOD, GSH, GPx) and inflammatory (IL-1beta, TNF-alpha) parameters, apoptotic parameters (Bax and iNOS), and gene (Nrf2, NQO1, HO1) and protein expression (Nrf2) as compared to both PTZ and BBR. BBR nanoparticles showed neuroprotective effect in PTZ induced kindling model of epileptogenesis and proves to be a promising antiepileptogenic therapy for the patients who are at high risk of developing seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Saha
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4Th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Puja Kumari
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4Th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Kajal Rawat
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4Th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Vipasha Gautam
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4Th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Arushi Sandhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4Th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Neha Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4Th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 2Nd Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Shalmoli Bhattacharya
- Department of Biophysics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 5Th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - V R Sinha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amitava Chakrabarti
- Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), 4Th Floor, Research Block B, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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50
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Villegas J, Ball BC, Shouse KM, VanArragon CW, Wasserman AN, Bhakta HE, Oliver AG, Orozco-Nunnelly DA, Pruet JM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of Argemone mexicana-inspired antimicrobials. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1511-1524. [PMID: 37799174 PMCID: PMC10548253 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the lack of new antimicrobial drug discovery in recent years and an ever-growing prevalence of multidrug-resistant "superbugs", there is a pressing need to explore alternative ways to combat pathogenic bacterial and fungal infections. Building upon our previous work in the field of medicinal phytochemistry, the present study is focused on designing, synthesizing, and testing the altered bioactivity of new variants of two original bioactive molecules found in the Argemone mexicana plant. Herein, we report upon 14 variants of berberine and four variants of chelerythrine that have been screened against a pool of 12 microorganisms (five Gram-positive and four Gram-negative bacteria, and three fungi). Additionally, the crystal structures of two berberine variants are described. Several berberine variants show enhanced antibacterial activity compared to the unaltered plant-derived molecule. We also report promising preliminary tumor cytotoxicity effects for a number of the berberine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Villegas
- Department of Chemistry, Valparaiso University, 1710 Chapel Dr, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA
| | - Bryce C Ball
- Department of Chemistry, Valparaiso University, 1710 Chapel Dr, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA
| | - Katelyn M Shouse
- Department of Biology, Valparaiso University, 1610 Campus Dr, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA
| | - Caleb W VanArragon
- Department of Biology, Valparaiso University, 1610 Campus Dr, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA
| | - Ashley N Wasserman
- Ivy Tech Community College, 410 E Columbus Dr, East Chicago, IN 46312, USA
| | - Hannah E Bhakta
- Department of Chemistry, Valparaiso University, 1710 Chapel Dr, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA
| | - Allen G Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 251 Nieuwland Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey M Pruet
- Department of Chemistry, Valparaiso University, 1710 Chapel Dr, Valparaiso, IN 46383, USA
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