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Owumi S, Chimezie J, Otunla M, Oluwawibe B, Agbarogi H, Anifowose M, Arunsi U, Owoeye O. Prepubertal Repeated Berberine Supplementation Enhances Cerebrocerebellar Functions by Modulating Neurochemical and Behavioural Changes in Wistar Rats. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:72. [PMID: 39042258 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02250-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Antioxidant-rich supplementation plays an essential role in the function of mammals' central nervous system. However, no research has documented the effect of berberine (BER) supplementation on the cerebrocerebellar function of prepubertal rats. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of BER supplementation on neurochemical and behavioural changes in prepubertal male rats. Five groups (90 ± 5 g, n = 7 each) of experimental rats were orally treated with corn oil or different doses of BER (25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw) from the 28th at 68 post-natal days. On the 69 days of life, animals underwent behavioural assessment in the open field, hanging wire, and negative geotaxis tests. The result revealed that BER administration improved locomotive and motor behaviour by increasing distance travelled, line crossings, average speed, time mobile, and absolute turn angle in open field test and decrease in time to re-orient on an incline plane, a decrease in immobility time relative to the untreated control. Furthermore, BER supplementation increased (p < 0.05) antioxidant enzyme activities such as SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH, and TSH and prevented increases (p < 0.05) in oxidative and inflammatory levels as indicated by decreases in RONS, LPO, XO, carbonyl protein, NO, MPO, and TNF-α compared to the untreated control. BER-treated animals a lessened number of dark-stained Nissl cells compared to the untreated control rats. Our findings revealed that BER minimised neuronal degeneration and lesions, improved animal behaviour, and suppressed oxidative and inflammatory mediators, which may probably occur through its agonistic effect on PPAR-α, PPAR-δ, and PPAR-γ - essential proteins known to resolve inflammation and modulate redox signalling towards antioxidant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Joseph Chimezie
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Moses Otunla
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Bayode Oluwawibe
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Harieme Agbarogi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Mayowa Anifowose
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Uche Arunsi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Olatunde Owoeye
- Neuroanatomy Research Laboratories, Department of Anatomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200005, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Hedayati-Moghadam M, Razazpour F, Pourfridoni M, Mirzaee F, Baghcheghi Y. Ethanol's impact on the brain: a neurobiological perspective on the mechanisms of memory impairment. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:782. [PMID: 38918289 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is known to have detrimental effects on memory function, with various studies implicating ethanol in the impairment of cognitive processes related to memory retention and retrieval. This review aims to elucidate the complex neurobiological mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced memory impairment. Through a thorough search of existing literature using electronic databases, relevant articles focusing on the neurobiological mechanisms of ethanol on memory were identified and critically evaluated. This review focuses on the molecular and neural pathways through which ethanol exerts its effects on memory formation, consolidation, and recall processes. Key findings from the included studies shed light on the impact of ethanol on neurotransmitter systems, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation in relation to memory impairment. This review contributes to a better understanding of the intricate mechanisms by which alcohol impairs memory function, offering insights for future research directions and the development of targeted interventions to alleviate these cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdiyeh Hedayati-Moghadam
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran
| | - Fateme Razazpour
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran
| | - Mohammad Pourfridoni
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran
| | - Faezeh Mirzaee
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran
| | - Yousef Baghcheghi
- Student Research Committee, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, 7861755765, Iran.
- Bio Environmental Health Hazards Research Center, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
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Kazmi I, Afzal M, Imam F, Alzarea SI, Patil S, Mhaiskar A, Shah U, Almalki WH. Barbaloin's Chemical Intervention in Aluminum Chloride Induced Cognitive Deficits and Changes in Rats through Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Cytokines, and BDNF Expression. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6976-6985. [PMID: 38371830 PMCID: PMC10870395 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a long-term neurodegenerative condition characterized by impaired cognitive functions, particularly in the domains of learning and memory. Finding promising options for AD can be successful with a medication repurposing strategy. The goal of the research was to examine the neuroprotective characteristics of barbaloin in aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced cognitive deficits and changes in rats through modulation of oxidative stress, cytokines, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Thirty male Wistar rats were subjected to AlCl3 at a dosage of 100 mg/kg via the per oral route (p.o.), which induced cognitive decline. Morris water maze (MWM) is used to assess behavioral metrics. Assays for catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT), interleukins-1β (IL-1β), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), interleukins-6 (IL-6), BDNF, and neurotransmitter levels [dopamine (DA), acetylcholine (Ach), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)] were performed. Results: The transfer latency time was notably decreased, and substantial modifications in the concentrations of GSH, MDA, CAT, SOD, AChE, ChAT and observed modulations in the formation of interleukins-6 (IL-6), TNF-α, IL-1β, BDNF, and NF-κB were also evidenced after the treatment of rats with barbaloin in comparison to AlCl3-induced control groups. Significant alterations in neurotransmitter levels (DA, Ach, and GABA) were also seen in barbaloin-treated groups in comparison to AlCl3-induced groups. The current investigation has provided evidence that the administration of barbaloin yielded notable enhancements in cognitive function in rats through the inhibition of MDA, enhancing endogenous antioxidant enzymes, reduction of cytokine levels, and enhancement of neurotransmitter contents in the brain. These effects were observed in comparison to a control group treated with AlCl3 and can be attributable to barbaloin's strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, and metal chelating properties may contribute to its neuroprotective effects. Barbaloin may also promote neuronal survival and enhance learning and memory by upregulating the expression of BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Kazmi
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King
Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program,
Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Imam
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College
of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O.
Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I. Alzarea
- Department
of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Aljouf, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaktipal Patil
- Department
of Pharmacology, H. R. Patel Institute of
Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karwand naka, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
- Department
of Chemistry, Nootan Pharmacy College, Sankalchand
Patel University, Visnagar 384315, Gujarat, India
| | - Amrapali Mhaiskar
- Department
of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of
Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Karwand naka, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ujashkumar Shah
- Department
of Chemistry, Nootan Pharmacy College, Sankalchand
Patel University, Visnagar 384315, Gujarat, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department
of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm
Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Guo Z, Ye G, Tang C, Xiong H. Exploring effect of herbal monomers in treating gouty arthritis based on nuclear factor-kappa B signaling: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37089. [PMID: 38306549 PMCID: PMC10843426 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gouty arthritis (GA) is an inflammatory disease caused by disorders of the purine metabolism. Although increasing number of drugs have been used to treat GA with the deepening of relevant research, GA still cannot be cured by simple drug therapy. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of GA. A considerable number of Chinese herbal medicines have emerged as new drugs for the treatment of GA. This article collected relevant research on traditional Chinese medicine monomers in the treatment of GA using NF-κB, GA, etc. as keywords; and conducted a systematic search of relevant published articles using the PubMed database. In this study, we analyzed the therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine monomers on GA in the existing literature through in vivo and in vitro experiments using animal and cell models. Based on this review, we believe that traditional Chinese medicine monomers that can treat GA through the NF-κB signaling pathway are potential new drug development targets. This study provides research ideas for the development and application of new drugs for GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghao Guo
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guisheng Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjian Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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Liu JY, Dai Y, He YX, Lin L. Effect of berberine on cognitive function and β-amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimer's disease models: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1301102. [PMID: 38293672 PMCID: PMC10824956 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1301102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from Berberis vulgaris, which possesses a variety of pharmacological activities. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex disease with multiple pathologic factors, with cognitive decline being the main manifestation of AD. The neuroprotective effects of berberine in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been widely reported, exhibiting protective effects against risk factors associated with AD. In this study, we summarize and evaluate the effects of berberine on cognitive function and β-amyloid precursor protein in animal models of AD. Material and methods: Eligible studies were retrieved from PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to 1 June 2023. Risk of bias was assessed by the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experiments (SYRCLE). Statistical analyses were performed using STATA 14.0 and Review Manger 5.4 software to calculate weighted standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), Morris water maze (MWM) test and β-amyloid precursor protein as outcome measures. Heterogeneity was tested using the I2 test. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also assessed. Results: 19 studies involving 360 animals met the inclusion criteria, and the results of the meta-analysis showed that berberine decreased escape latency (SMD = -2.19, 95% CI: (-2.50, -1.88), p < 0.00001), increased the number of platform crossings (SMD = 4.27, 95% CI (3.38, 5.17), p < 0.00001), time in the target quadrant (SMD = 5.92, 95% CI (4.43, 7.41), p < 0.00001) and APP expression (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: (0.25, 1.21), p = 0.003). Conclusion: Berberine can regulate APP expression and improve cognitive function in animal models of AD, and the mechanism may be related to the involvement of berberine in APP processing and influence the expression of its related factors. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, CRD42023437445.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yang Liu
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Dai
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao-Xi He
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- School of Nursing, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Lin
- School of Elderly Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Collaborative Innovation Center for Elderly Care and Health, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Fallahnezhad S, Ghorbani-Taherdehi F, Sahebkar A, Nadim A, Kafashzadeh M, Kafashzadeh M, Gorji-Valokola M. Potential neuroprotective effect of nanomicellar curcumin on learning and memory functions following subacute exposure to bisphenol A in adult male rats. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2691-2720. [PMID: 37843661 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical commonly utilized in the manufacture of plastics, which may cause damage to brain tissue. Curcumin is a phytochemical with protective effects against neurological and mental diseases. The purpose of this research was to evaluate whether nanomicellar curcumin (NmCur) might protect rats against BPA-induced learning and memory deficits. After determining the proper dose of BPA, the animals were randomly divided into 8 groups (8 rats in each group) receiving dextrose 5% (as vehicle of NmCur) (Dex), sesame oil (as vehicle of BPA) (Sea), Sea plus Dex, NmCur (50 mg/kg), BPA (50 mg/kg), and 50 mg/kg BPA plus 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg NmCur groups, respectively. Behavioral tests performed using passive avoidance training (PAT), open-field (OF), and Morris water maze (MWM) tests. The expression of oxidative stress markers, proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress-scavenging enzymes, glutamate receptors, and MAPK and memory-related proteins was measured in rat hippocampus and cortical tissues. BPA up-regulated ROS, MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, SOD, GST, p-P38, and p-JNK levels; however, it down-regulated GSH, GPx, GR, CAT, p-AKT, p-ERK1/2, p-NR1, p-NR2A, p-NR2B, p-GluA1, p-CREB, and BDNF levels. BPA decreased step-through latency (STL) and peripheral and total, but not central, locomotor activity. It increased the time to find the hidden platform, the mean of escape latency time, and the traveled distance in the target quadrant, but decreased the time spent in the target quadrant. The combination of BPA (50 mg/kg) and NmCur (25 and 50 mg/kg) reversed all of BPA's adverse effects. Therefore, NmCur exhibited neuroprotective effects against subacute BPA-caused learning and memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaye Fallahnezhad
- Nervous System Stem Cell Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghorbani-Taherdehi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Esfahan University of Medical Sciences, Esfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azade Nadim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Kafashzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Kafashzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Gorji-Valokola
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain and Spinal Injury Repair Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Stem Cell Biology Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Pradhan SP, Sahu PK, Behera A. New insights toward molecular and nanotechnological approaches to antidiabetic agents for Alzheimer's disease. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2739-2762. [PMID: 36949264 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder affecting a major class of silver citizens. The disorder shares a mutual relationship on account of its cellular and molecular pathophysiology with type-II diabetes mellitus (DM). Chronic DM increases the risk for AD. Emerging evidence recommended that resistance in insulin production develops cognitive dysfunction, which generally leads to AD. Repurposing of antidiabetic drugs can be effective in preventing and treatment of the neurodegenerative disorder. Limitations of antidiabetic drugs restrict the repurposing of the drugs for other disorders. Therefore, nanotechnological intervention plays a significant role in the treatment of neurological disorders. In this review, we discuss the common cellular and molecular pathophysiologies between AD and type-II DM, the relevance of in vivo models of type II DM in the study of AD, and the repurposing of antidiabetic drugs and the nanodelivery systems of antidiabetic drugs against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Priyadarshini Pradhan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus-II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Pratap Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus-II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anindita Behera
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Campus-II, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Zhang Q, Jiang Q, Sa K, Liang J, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Research progress of plant-derived natural alkaloids in central nervous system diseases. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4885-4907. [PMID: 37455555 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disease is one of the most important causes of human death. Because of their complex pathogenesis, more and more attention has been paid to them. At present, drug treatment of the CNS is the main means; however, most drugs only relieve symptoms, and some have certain toxicity and side effects. Natural compounds derived from plants can provide safer and more effective alternatives. Alkaloids are common nitrogenous basic organic compounds found in nature, which exist widely in many kinds of plants and have unique application value in modern medicine. For example, Galantamine and Huperzine A from medicinal plants are widely used drugs on the market to treat Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the main purpose of this review is to provide the available information on natural alkaloids with the activity of treating central nervous system diseases in order to explore the trends and perspectives for the further study of central nervous system drugs. In this paper, 120 alkaloids with the potential effect of treating central nervous system diseases are summarized from the aspects of sources, structure types, mechanism of action and structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kuiru Sa
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junming Liang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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Jabbari A, Alani B, Arjmand A, Mazoochi T, Kheiripour N, Ardjmand A. Silymarin pretreatment protects against ethanol-induced memory impairment: Biochemical and histopathological evidence. J Chem Neuroanat 2023; 132:102310. [PMID: 37429530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethanol (Eth.) abuse induces memory impairment. Oxidative damage and apoptosis are considered the likely causes of memory impairment. Silymarin (Sil.) is a flavonoid isolated from the plant Silymarin marianum (milk thistle). While studies have reported the neuroprotective effect of Sil. against neurodegenerative processes, the precise mechanism of action of Sil. in Eth.-induced memory impairment remains unclear. METHODS Twenty-eight rats were equally divided into four groups: Control (saline 1 ml/rat); Sil. (200 mg/kg for 30 days); Eth. (2 g/kg/day for 30 days); and Sil. + Eth. Behavioral tests including inhibitory avoidance and open field were used to investigate memory and locomotion. Brain antioxidant parameters, including catalase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity and total thiol group, plus oxidative parameters, including malondialdehyde and total oxidant status, followed by hippocampal apoptosis (Bax/Bcl2, cleaved caspase) and histopathological changes were evaluated in the groups. RESULTS While the administration of Eth. impaired memory, Sil. significantly reversed Eth-induced memory deficits. Eth. administration also augmented brain oxidative and hippocampal apoptosis parameters. In contrast, a marked reduction in brain antioxidant and anti-apoptotic parameters was observed in the Eth. group. At the tissue level, hippocampal sections from Eth.-treated animals revealed severe neuronal damage. The administration of Sil. to Eth.-treated rats remarkably alleviated all the said Eth.-induced biochemical and histopathological effects. On the contrary, Sil. alone did not change the behavior and biochemical/molecular parameters. CONCLUSION The memory-enhancing effect of Sil. in Eth.-induced demented rats may be partly mediated by the augmented antioxidant effects and amelioration of apoptotic and histopathological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jabbari
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - B Alani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - A Arjmand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - T Mazoochi
- Gametogenesis Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - N Kheiripour
- Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - A Ardjmand
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Chavan RS, Supalkar KV, Sadar SS, Vyawahare NS. Animal models of Alzheimer's disease: An originof innovativetreatments and insight to the disease's etiology. Brain Res 2023; 1814:148449. [PMID: 37302570 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The main pathogenic features are the development and depositionof senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in brain. Recent developments in the knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms behind Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders have suggested new approaches to treatment development. These advancements have been significantly aided by the use of animal models, which are also essential for the assessment of therapies. Various approaches as transgenic animal model, chemical models, brain injury are used. This review will presentAD pathophysiology and emphasize several Alzheimer like dementia causingchemical substances, transgenic animal model and stereotaxy in order to enhance our existing knowledge of their mechanism of AD induction, dose, and treatment duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu S Chavan
- D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy, Akurdi, Pune 411044, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Krishna V Supalkar
- D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy, Akurdi, Pune 411044, Maharashtra, India
| | - Smeeta S Sadar
- D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy, Akurdi, Pune 411044, Maharashtra, India
| | - Niraj S Vyawahare
- D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy, Akurdi, Pune 411044, Maharashtra, India
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Gholizadeh N, Dalimi A, Ghaffarifar F, Nader-Mohammadi M, Molavi P, Dadkhah M, Molaei S. Berberine improves inhibitory avoidance memory impairment of Toxoplasma gondii-infected rat model of ketamine-induced schizophrenia. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:303. [PMID: 37649038 PMCID: PMC10469906 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Memory impairment caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection has been documented. Berberine (BRB) is well known for its enhancing effects on memory and has shown promising results. However, the impact of BRB on T. gondii infection and schizophrenia-induced consolidation and reconsolidation memory impairment is still unclear. Here; we examined the effect of BRB on the inhibitory avoidance (IA) memory consolidation and reconsolidation impairment induced by T. gondii infection, and ketamine (Ket) as a pharmacological model of schizophrenia. Also; the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus were analyzed. METHODS Rats were infected with T. gondii RH strain or received Ket (30 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally (i.p) for at least five consecutive days (as the model of schizophrenia). Then followed by oral administration with BRB (25 mg/kg/day) for five days. Finally, the IA memory retention test was examined 48 post-conditioning, and BDNF was measured. RESULTS Results indicated IA memory impairment in T. gondii-infected animals since lower step-through latency (STL) was observed than in control animals. We found significant (P = 0.01, P = 0.001) elevations in STL and a significant decrease (P = 0.001) in total time spent in the dark area following BRB administration in infected and Ket-treated rats, indicating improvement (increased STL) in consolidation and reconsolidation memory. Moreover, BDNF levels were reduced (P = 0.01) in the hippocampus and mPFC regions of both T. gondii- infected and Ket-induced groups, which remarkably enhanced after BRB treatment. Furthermore; we found that BRB administration notably increased the mPFC BDNF levels in mPFC (P < 0.01) and hippocampus (P = 0.001) in the Ket-treated and rats infected with T. gondii. CONCLUSION Taken together; BRB may be a valuable preclinical treatment for improving memory impairment through BDNF expression in PFC and hippocampus, therefore; BRB is suggested for memory disturbances induced by T. gondii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neghin Gholizadeh
- Students Research Committee, Public Health School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Dalimi
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehryar Nader-Mohammadi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Parviz Molavi
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Dadkhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Soheila Molaei
- Zoonoses Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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Hajipour S, Farbood Y, Dianat M, Nesari A, Sarkaki A. Effect of Berberine against Cognitive Deficits in Rat Model of Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy (Behavioral, Biochemical, Molecular and Histological Evaluations). Brain Sci 2023; 13:944. [PMID: 37371422 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cirrhosis (LC) is one of the chronic liver diseases with high disability and mortality accompanying hepatic encephalopathy (HE) followed by cognitive dysfunctions. In this work, the effect of berberine (Ber) on spatial cognition was studied in a rat model of LC induced by thioacetamide (TAA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats (200-250 g) were divided into six groups: (1) control; (2) TAA, 200 mg/kg/day, i.p.; (3-5) TAA + Ber; received Ber (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg, i.p., daily after last TAA injection); (6) Dizocilpine (MK-801) + TAA, received MK-801 (2 mg/kg/day, i.p.) 30 m before TAA injection. The spatial memory, BBB permeability, brain edema, liver enzymes, urea, serum and brain total bilirubin, oxidative stress and cytokine markers in the hippocampus were measured. Furthermore, a histological examination of the hippocampus was carried out. RESULTS The BBB permeability, brain edema, liver enzymes, urea, total bilirubin levels in serum and hippocampal MDA and TNF-α increased significantly after TAA injection (p < 0.001); the spatial memory was impaired (p < 0.001), and hippocampal IL-10 decreased (p < 0.001). Ber reversed all the above parameters significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001). MK-801 prevented the development of LC via TAA (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Results showed that Ber improves spatial learning and memory in TAA-induced LC by improving the BBB function, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Ber might be a promising therapeutic agent for cognitive improvement in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Hajipour
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Yaghoob Farbood
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Mahin Dianat
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Ali Nesari
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz P.O. Box 61355-15795, Iran
- National Institute for Medical Research Development "NIMAD", Tehran 1419693111, Iran
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Efimova SS, Ostroumova OS. Modulation of the Dipole Potential of Model Lipid Membranes with Phytochemicals: Molecular Mechanisms, Structure-Activity Relationships, and Implications in Reconstituted Ion Channels. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:453. [PMID: 37103880 PMCID: PMC10141572 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, stilbenoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and related compounds, have a wide range of useful pharmacological properties which cannot be ascribed to binding to a single peptide or protein target alone. Due to the relatively high lipophilicity of phytochemicals, the lipid membrane is thought to mediate their effects via changes in the properties of the lipid matrix, in particular, by modulating the transmembrane distribution of the electrical potential and, consequently, the formation and functioning of the ion channels reconstituted in the lipid bilayers. Therefore, biophysical studies on the interactions between plant metabolites and model lipid membranes are still of interest. This review represents an attempt to provide a critical analysis of a variety of studies on altering membranes and ion channels with phytochemicals via disturbing the potential drop at the membrane-aqueous solution interface. Critical structural motifs and functioning groups in the molecules of plant polyphenols (alkaloids and saponins are identified) and the possible mechanisms of dipole potential modulation with phytochemicals are discussed.
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Yao J, Wei W, Wen J, Cao Y, Li H. The efficacy and mechanism of berberine in improving aging-related cognitive dysfunction: A study based on network pharmacology. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1093180. [PMID: 36743801 PMCID: PMC9895386 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1093180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the effects and mechanisms of berberine in the treatment of aging-related cognitive dysfunction based on network pharmacology methods, molecular docking techniques, and animal experiments. Methods A mouse model of cognitive dysfunction was constructed by subcutaneous injection of D-galactose (D-gal) for 10 weeks, and the neuroprotective effects of berberine on aging-related cognitive dysfunction mice were evaluated by the Morris water maze (MWM) and immunofluorescence staining. The targets of berberine were obtained by SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, and PharmMapper. Putative targets of cognitive dysfunction were obtained by GeneCards, TTD, and DrugBank database. The STRING database and Cytoscape software were applied for protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis and further screening of core targets. The DAVID database was used for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis to clarify the biological processes and pathways involved in the intersection targets, and AutoDockTools was adopted for molecular docking verification of core targets. Finally, the core genes were validated using real-time quantitative PCR. Results The MWM results showed that treatment with berberine significantly improved spatial learning and memory in mice with cognitive decline induced by D-gal. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that berberine modified the levels of aging-related markers in the brain. A total of 386 berberine putative targets associated with cognitive dysfunction were identified based on the public database. The core targets of berberine for improving cognitive function, include Mapk1, Src, Ctnnb1, Akt1, Pik3ca, Tp53, Jun, and Hsp90aa1. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the mechanism of berberine in the treatment of aging-related cognitive dysfunction is attributed to pathways such as PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways. In vivo experiments further confirmed that Akt1, Ctnnb1, Tp53, and Jun were involved in the neuroprotective actions of berberine. Conclusion This study reveals the multi-target and multi-pathway effects of berberine on regulating aging-related cognitive dysfunction, which provides preclinical evidence and may promote new drug development in mitigating cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuxiu Yao
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Wen
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Yu Cao,
| | - Hao Li
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Hao Li,
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Hussien M, Yousef MI. Impact of ginseng on neurotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62042-62054. [PMID: 34591247 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, many researches have shown the potential protective effects of ginseng for preventing and treating neurological damage and their related diseases. Neuronal disturbance is one of the most common serious effects of cisplatin chemotherapy that triggers memory impairment and cognitive disability. Based on the hypothesis that mechanistic pathways of ginseng against the neurological and biochemical disturbance remain unclear, therefore, this study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of ginseng extract against neurological and behavior abnormality induced by cisplatin in male rats. Animals were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 served as a control, group 2 was orally administrated with ginseng (100 mg/kg BW) daily for 90 days, group 3 was injected intraperitoneally with cisplatin (4 mg/kg BW) once a week for 90 days, and group 4 received ginseng and cisplatin. Cisplatin induced a learning and memory dysfunction in the Morris water maze task and locomotor disability in the rotarod test. In addition, cisplatin disrupted the oxidant/antioxidant systems, neuroinflammatory molecules (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-1β), neurotransmitters, and apoptotic (caspase-3, P53, and Bax) and dementia markers (amyloid-β40 and amyloid-β 42). Co-treatment with ginseng extracts successfully ameliorated the cognitive behaviors and intramuscular strength and presented a good protective agent against neurological damage. Histopathological and histochemical studies proved the neuroprotective effect of ginseng. Our data showed that ginseng capable to counteract the memory dysfunction is induced by cisplatin via reducing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation restoring the neurological efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hussien
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University, Canal El Mahmoudia Street, Smouha, Sidi Gaber, P.O. Box 37, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mokhtar Ibrahim Yousef
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horreya Avenue, Chatby 21526, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, Egypt
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Seth E, Chopra M. Neuroprotective efficacy of berberine following developmental exposure to chlorpyrifos in F1 generation of Wistar rats: Apoptosis-autophagy interplay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155292. [PMID: 35439518 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate insecticide commonly used in agriculture and household applications, is considered a developmental neurotoxicant. This study aimed to explain the neuroprotective role of Berberine (BBR) against CPF-induced autophagy dysfunction and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing hippocampus. F1 generation of Wistar rats was exposed to CPF (3 mg/kg b.wt.) and co-treated with BBR (10 mg/kg b.wt) in two different exposure regimens, gestational (GD9-12 and GD17-21) and lactational (PND1-20). Our results demonstrated that CPF intoxication instigated cognitive and neurobehavioral impairment, oxidant-antioxidant imbalance, and histomorphological alterations in CA1, CA3, and DG regions of the offsprings. Furthermore, mRNA expression of pro-apoptotic genes (caspase3 and Bax) was upregulated, and that of anti-apoptotic BCl2 was downregulated. In addition, exposure to CPF also activated the autophagy inhibitor (mTOR) transcription and subsequently downregulated the expression of autophagy markers beclin1 and LC3-II. In contrast, gestational and lactational co-treatment of BBR significantly upregulated the enzymatic anti-oxidant bar of the hippocampus and attenuated histological alterations. Moreover, BBR co-treatments reduced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the hippocampal region by regulating the expression of apoptotic genes and upregulated the levels of autophagy, confirmed by ultrastructural studies, decreased gene expression and immunostaining of mTOR and increased, and increased expression gene expression and immunostaining of LC3-II positive cells. Our results confirm that treatment with BBR induces autophagy, which plays a neuroprotective role in CPF-induced developmental neuronal apoptosis in the F1 generation of Wistar rats by regulating the balance between autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Era Seth
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Mani Chopra
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Ye XW, Wang HL, Cheng SQ, Xia LJ, Xu XF, Li XR. Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy to Investigate the Pharmacologic Mechanisms of Coptidis Rhizoma for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:890046. [PMID: 35795239 PMCID: PMC9252849 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.890046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is becoming a more prevalent public health issue in today's culture. The experimental study of Coptidis Rhizoma (CR) and its chemical components in AD treatment has been widely reported, but the principle of multi-level and multi-mechanism treatment of AD urgently needs to be clarified.ObjectiveThis study focuses on network pharmacology to clarify the mechanism of CR's multi-target impact on Alzheimer's disease.MethodsThe Phytochemical-compounds of CR have been accessed from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Symmap database or HPLC determination. The values of Oral Bioavailability (OB) ≥ 30% and Drug Like (DL) ≥ 0.18 or blood ingredient were used to screen the active components of CR; the interactive network of targets and compounds were constructed by STRING and Cytoscape platform, and the network was analyzed by Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE); Gene Ontology (GO) function, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway (KEGG) and metabolic pathway enrichment of targets were carried out with Metascape, the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and MetaboAnalyst platform; Based on CytoHubba, the potential efficient targets were screened by Maximal Clique Centrality (MCC) and Degree, the correlation between potential efficient targets and amyloid β-protein (Aβ), Tau pathology was analyzed by Alzdata database, and the genes related to aging were analyzed by Aging Altas database, and finally, the core targets were obtained; the binding ability between ingredients and core targets evaluated by molecular docking, and the clinical significance of core targets was assessed with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.Results19 active components correspond to 267 therapeutic targets for AD, of which 69 is potentially effective; in module analysis, RELA, TRAF2, STAT3, and so on are the critical targets of each module; among the six core targets, RELA, MAPK8, STAT3, and TGFB1 have clinical therapeutic significance; GO function, including 3050 biological processes (BP), 257 molecular functions (MF), 184 cellular components (CC), whose functions are mainly related to antioxidation, regulation of apoptosis and cell composition; the HIF-1 signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism is the most significant result of 134 KEGG signal pathways and four metabolic pathways, respectively; most of the active components have an excellent affinity in docking with critical targets.ConclusionThe pharmacological target prediction of CR based on molecular network pharmacology paves the way for a multi-level networking strategy. The study of CR in AD treatment shows a bright prospect for curing neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-wen Ye
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-li Wang
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shui-qing Cheng
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-jing Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-fang Xu
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Xin-fang Xu
| | - Xiang-ri Li
- Centre of TCM Processing Research, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiang-ri Li
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Abstract
This article concerns the synthesis and biological activities of some N-(1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl) amides as isoquinoline precursors and compounds with smooth muscle (SM) relaxant activity. Aim: find the biological activity of N-(1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-yl) amides and compare it with papaverine, an isoquinoline alkaloid that has been known as a brain and coronary vasodilator and SM relaxant. Materials and methods: In silico simulation with the PASS online program predicts SM relaxant activity for the compounds. The amides were tested on the isolated gastric SM preparations (SMPs) from rats to determine their effects on spontaneous contractile activity (CA) compared with papaverine. The in vivo effect on the learning and memory processes of rats was also assessed. Results: the data from the isometric measurements showed that one of the compounds caused ex vivo relaxation in circular SM tissues isolated from the stomach (corpus) of male Wistar rats. Conclusion: We found that the compound’s SM relaxation uses the papaverine pathway. It also has an improving effect on the cognitive functions of learning and memory processes in rats.
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Sahu K, Singh S, Devi B, Singh C, Singh A. A review on the neuroprotective effect of berberine against chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:913-923. [PMID: 35240956 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220303094752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemobrain is one of the major side effects of chemotherapy, despite increased research, the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes remain unknown. Though, several possibly important candidate mechanisms have been identified and will be studied further in the future. Chemobrain is characterized by memory loss, cognitive impairment, difficulty in language, concentration, acceleration, and learning. The major characteristic of chemobrain is oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, immune dysregulation, hormonal alteration, white matter abnormalities, and DNA damage. Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from various berberine species. BBR is a small chemical that easily passes the blood-brain barrier (BBB), making it useful for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Many studies on the pharmacology of BBR have been reported in the past. Furthermore, several clinical and experimental research indicates that BBR has a variety of pharmacological effects. So, in this review, we explore the pathogenesis of chemobrain and the neuroprotective potential of BBR against chemobrain. We also introduced the therapeutic role of BBR in various neurodegenerative and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, mental depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, and also some stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuleshwar Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
| | - Sukhdev Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
| | - Bhawna Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
| | - Charan Singh
- Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab-144603, India
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab India
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Kawadkar M, Mandloi AS, Singh N, Mukharjee R, Dhote VV. Combination therapy for cerebral ischemia: do progesterone and noscapine provide better neuroprotection than either alone in the treatment? NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:167-185. [PMID: 34988596 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke presents multifaceted pathological outcomes with overlapping mechanisms of cerebral injury. High mortality and disability with stroke warrant a novel multi-targeted therapeutic approach. The neuroprotection with progesterone (PG) and noscapine (NOS) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury was demonstrated individually, but the outcome of combination treatment to alleviate cerebral damage is still unexplored. Randomly divided groups of rats (n = 6) were Sham-operated, I-R, PG (8 mg/kg), NOS (10 mg/kg), and PG + NOS (8 mg/kg + 10 mg/kg). The rats were exposed to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, except Sham-operated, to investigate the therapeutic outcome of PG and NOS alone and in combination on I-R injury. Besides the alterations in cognitive and motor abilities, we estimated infarct area, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and histology after treatment. Pharmacokinetic parameters like Cmax, Tmax, half-life, and AUC0-t were estimated in biological samples to substantiate the therapeutic outcomes of the combination treatment. We report PG and NOS prevent loss of motor ability and improve spatial memory after cerebral I-R injury. Combination treatment significantly reduced inflammation and restricted infarction; it attenuated oxidative stress and BBB damage and improved grip strength. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a significant reduction in leukocyte infiltration with the most profound effect in the combination group. Simultaneous analysis of PG and NOS in plasma revealed enhanced peak drug concentration, improved AUC, and prolonged half-life; the drug levels in the brain have increased significantly for both. We conclude that PG and NOS have beneficial effects against brain damage and the co-administration further reinforced neuroprotection in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Kawadkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462044, India
| | - Avinash S Mandloi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462044, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462044, India
| | - Rajesh Mukharjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462044, India
| | - Vipin V Dhote
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462044, India.
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Bhasin J, Thakur B, Kumar S, Chopra V. Tree Turmeric: A Super Food and Contemporary Nutraceutical of 21st Century - A Laconic Review. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:728-746. [PMID: 34757887 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1958104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Since ancient times the medicinal plants have been under use as food and potential therapeutic agent for the management of overall health and the use of all plant parts including fruits, seeds, is well reported in the literature. One such plant is Berberis aristata which is rich in vitamins, minerals, and various phytochemicals amongst which Berberine is the principal bioactive compound with a range of reported health benefits, and some of the commercial formulations like Rasaut, Darvyadi Leha are being used for the treatments of jaundice, malaria, typhoid fever, inflammation, eye infection, diarrhea, wound healing, etc. The hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antitumor, anti-cancerous, properties are the recent additions to its functional importance. Berberine has significant bioactivities in the treatments of different diseases. Besides its remarkable applications, the berberine has low efficacy due to its low solubility in water, poor absorption, and low bioavailability. This problem can be solved by using some techniques like Nanotechnology which has been found to increase its solubility in water, bioavailability, and absorption and hence provide a better delivery system of berberine. This review illuminates the therapeutic applications of the plant Berberis aristata, scientific validation to its traditional uses, role of berberine in the treatment of various diseases through its different bioactivities, major flaws in berberine treatment, and the role of nanotechnology in minimizing those flaws and increasing its overall efficacy. Key teaching pointsPlant Berberis aristata has been used since ancient times for the treatment of various ailments like jaundice, hepatitis, fever, bleeding, inflammation, diarrhea, malaria, skin and eye infections, chronic rheumatism, and urinary disorders.Berberine is the major and most significant phytochemical among numerous phytochemicals present in plant Berberis aristata.Berberine has significantly shown many potent effect against emerging diseases like cancer and diabetes. Besides that, it has also shown antioxidant, anti-inflamation, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and anti-gastrointestinal disorder properties.Berberine can be very effective in overcoming the demerits of berberine treatment like poor aqueous solubility, low bioavailability, and poor absorption in the human body in the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasleen Bhasin
- Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Baneet Thakur
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Phagwara, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Food Technology and Nutrition, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, India
| | - Vikas Chopra
- Department of Food Science and Technology, PAU, Ludhiana, Ludhiana, India
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Akbar M, Shabbir A, Rehman K, Akash MSH, Shah MA. Neuroprotective potential of berberine in modulating Alzheimer's disease via multiple signaling pathways. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13936. [PMID: 34523148 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Berberine is one of the most important quinoline alkaloids, which has shown numerous pharmacological activities. There are pieces of evidence that berberine serves as a promising substance for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, numerous studies on animal models have shown the neuroprotective role of berberine. AD is a complex disease having multiple pathological factors. Berberine restrains the deposition of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Substantial studies have demonstrated that berberine may also exhibit the protective effect against the risk factors associated with AD. This review illustrates the role of berberine in neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and its activity against acetylcholinesterase enzyme. It also focuses on the bioavailability and safety of berberine in AD. However, more investigations are required to explore the bioavailability and safety assessment of berberine and its new perspectives in limiting the AD-related pathogenesis and risk factors. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Current therapeutic measures only provide symptomatic relief against AD by slowing memory loss, resolving thinking problems and behavioral issues. In recent past years, many biological actions and potential therapeutic applications have been observed by berberine particularly in neurological diseases. Berberine has been investigated by various researchers for its activity against AD. This review demonstrates a variety of mechanisms by which berberine imparts its neuroprotective roles and provides the possible mechanism of action of berberine by which it prevents the formation of neurofibrillary tangles and disaggregation of amyloid beta plaques in AD. It also focuses that berberine limits the neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in AD. Pre-clinical aspects of berberine against AD are also discussed. Eventually, a prospect is formulated that berberine might be a therapeutically significant agent for treating and preventing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moazzama Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Anam Shabbir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Ibrahim Fouad G, Ahmed KA. Neuroprotective Potential of Berberine Against Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity in Rat's Brain. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:3247-3263. [PMID: 34403065 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-associated neurotoxicity is one of the principal side-effects for doxorubicin (DOX)-treated cancer patients. Despite its poor-penetration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), DOX is linked to the induction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Berberine (BEB) is a natural polyphenolic alkaloid, which exhibits unique antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory potential. The present study was performed to investigate the neuroprotective potential of BEB in a rodent model of DOX-induced neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicity was induced in rats via a single acute dose of DOX (20 mg/kg/week, i.p.). BEB was administered at 50 mg/kg/day orally for 10 days before and 4 days after DOX administration. Brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were evaluated. Oxidative stress was investigated via the colorimetric determination of lipid peroxides, glutathione reduced (GSH) contents and catalase (CAT) activities in the brain tissue. In addition, DOX-induced genotoxicity was evaluated using comet assay. DOX produced a significant elevation in AChE activities. Additionally, DOX provoked oxidative stress as evidenced from the significant elevation in lipid peroxidation along with depletion in GSH contents and CAT activities. Moreover, DOX resulted in neuroinflammation as indicated by the elevation of pro-inflammatory mediator glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), as well as, the pro-apoptotic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and caspase-3 in brain tissue. Co-treatment with BEB significantly counteracted DOX-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and genotoxicity. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination supported the biochemical results. BEB demonstrated neuroprotective potential through exerting cholinergic, anti-oxidative, genoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Our findings present BEB as a promising "pre-clinical" neuroprotective agent against DOX-induced neurotoxicity during anti-neoplastic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadha Ibrahim Fouad
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
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Singh AK, Singh SS, Rathore AS, Singh SP, Mishra G, Awasthi R, Mishra SK, Gautam V, Singh SK. Lipid-Coated MCM-41 Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Loaded with Berberine Improved Inhibition of Acetylcholine Esterase and Amyloid Formation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3737-3753. [PMID: 34297529 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Selective permeability of the blood-brain barrier limits effective treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, brain-targeted lipid-coated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) containing berberine (BBR) were synthesized for the effective treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study involved synthesis of Mobil Composition of Matter-41 (MCM-41) mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), BBR loading, and lipid coating of MSNs (MSNs-BBR-L) and in vitro and in vivo characterization of MSNs-BBR-L. The liposomes (for lipid coating) were prepared by the thin-film hydration method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images indicated 5 nm thickness of the lipid coating. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and TEM results confirmed that the size of synthesized MSNs-BBR-L was in the range of 80-100 nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern demonstrated retention of the ordered structure of BBR after encapsulation and lipid coating. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum confirmed the formation of a lipid coat over the MSN particles. MSNs-BBR-L displayed significantly (p < 0.05) higher acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitory activity. The study confirmed significant (p < 0.05) amyloid fibrillation inhibition and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level by MSNs-BBR-L. Pure BBR- and MSNs-BBR-L-treated AD animals showed a significant decrease in the BACE-1 level compared to scopolamine-intoxicated mice. Eight times higher area under the curve for MSNs-BBR-L (2400 ± 27.44 ng h/mL) was recorded compared to the pure BBR (295.5 ± 0.755 ng h/mL). Overall, these results highlight the utility of MSNs-BBR-L as promising drug delivery vehicles for brain delivery of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saumitra Sen Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Aaina Singh Rathore
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Surya Pratap Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Gaurav Mishra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201303, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine & Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Szalak R, Kukula-Koch W, Matysek M, Kruk-Słomka M, Koch W, Czernicka L, Khurelbat D, Biała G, Arciszewski MB. Effect of Berberine Isolated from Barberry Species by Centrifugal Partition Chromatography on Memory and the Expression of Parvalbumin in the Mouse Hippocampus Proper. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094487. [PMID: 33925781 PMCID: PMC8123463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases associated with memory disturbances are important health issues occurring due to a prolonged life span. This article presents the results of a study targeting the emergence of a drug candidate with antiamnesic properties. The effect of berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the overground parts of Berberis sibirica Pall., on memory and expression of parvalbumin in the mouse hippocampus proper were determined. High-purity BBR was isolated by centrifugal partition chromatography from a methanolic extract from B. sibirica by using a methyl-tert-butyl ether and water (1:1 v/v) solvent system with 10 mmol/L of triethylamine and hydrochloric acid. In an in vivo study, we assessed the influence of the chronic administration of BBR on different stages of memory-related responses in mice. Our results indicated that the chronic administration of BBR in a higher dose (5 mg/kg) improves long-term memory acquisition in mice, as determined in the passive avoidance test. The hippocampal CA1–CA3 fields showed an increased number of parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons (PV-IR) and nerve fibers as compared to the control. No significant changes in the dentate gyrus were observed between the groups. The HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of the biological material revealed the content of BBR as 363.4 ± 15.0 ng (4.11% of RSD) per brain, 15.06 ± 0.89 ng (5.91% of RSD) per hippocampus, and 54.45 ± 1.40 (4.05% of RSD) ng in 100 µL plasma. The study showed that BBR could be a factor influencing the expression of PV in hippocampal neurons. We speculate that BBR may modulate the level of Ca2+ in neurons and thus potentially act as a neuroprotective factor against neuronal damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Szalak
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 12 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.); (M.B.A.)
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (W.K.-K.)
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Chair and Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University in Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (W.K.-K.)
| | - Małgorzata Matysek
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 12 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.); (M.B.A.)
| | - Marta Kruk-Słomka
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.-S.); (G.B.)
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (W.K.); (L.C.)
| | - Lidia Czernicka
- Chair and Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (W.K.); (L.C.)
| | - Daariimaa Khurelbat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Zorig Str., Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongolia;
| | - Grażyna Biała
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.K.-S.); (G.B.)
| | - Marcin B. Arciszewski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, 12 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.); (M.B.A.)
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Varshney H, Siddique YH. Role of natural plant products against Alzheimer's disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS 2021; 20:904-941. [PMID: 33881973 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210420135437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the major neurodegenerative disorder. Deposition of amyloid fibrils and tau protein are associated with various pathological symptoms. Currently limited medication is available for AD treatment. Most of the drugs are basically cholinesterase inhibitors and associated with various side effects. Natural plant products have shown potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of AD symptoms. Variety of secondary metabolites like flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids and phenols are used to reduce the progression of the disease. Plant products have less or no side effect and are easily available. The present review gives a detailed account of the potential of natural plant products against the AD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Varshney
- Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yasir Hasan Siddique
- Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Oral berberine improves brain dopa/dopamine levels to ameliorate Parkinson's disease by regulating gut microbiota. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:77. [PMID: 33623004 PMCID: PMC7902645 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenylalanine–tyrosine–dopa–dopamine pathway provides dopamine to the brain. In this process, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the rate-limiting enzyme that hydroxylates tyrosine and generates levodopa (l-dopa) with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as a coenzyme. Here, we show that oral berberine (BBR) might supply H• through dihydroberberine (reduced BBR produced by bacterial nitroreductase) and promote the production of BH4 from dihydrobiopterin; the increased BH4 enhances TH activity, which accelerates the production of l-dopa by the gut bacteria. Oral BBR acts in a way similar to vitamins. The l-dopa produced by the intestinal bacteria enters the brain through the circulation and is transformed to dopamine. To verify the gut–brain dialog activated by BBR’s effect, Enterococcus faecalis or Enterococcus faecium was transplanted into Parkinson’s disease (PD) mice. The bacteria significantly increased brain dopamine and ameliorated PD manifestation in mice; additionally, combination of BBR with bacteria showed better therapeutic effect than that with bacteria alone. Moreover, 2,4,6-trimethyl-pyranylium tetrafluoroborate (TMP-TFB)-derivatized matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) imaging of dopamine identified elevated striatal dopamine levels in mouse brains with oral Enterococcus, and BBR strengthened the imaging intensity of brain dopamine. These results demonstrated that BBR was an agonist of TH in Enterococcus and could lead to the production of l-dopa in the gut. Furthermore, a study of 28 patients with hyperlipidemia confirmed that oral BBR increased blood/fecal l-dopa by the intestinal bacteria. Hence, BBR might improve the brain function by upregulating the biosynthesis of l-dopa in the gut microbiota through a vitamin-like effect.
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Adefegha SA, Oboh G, Okeke BM. Comparative effects of berberine and piperine on the neuroprotective potential of neostigmine. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 18:491-497. [PMID: 33544523 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined effect of berberine and piperine on neuroprotective potential of neostigmine in the management of neurological disorders. METHODS Berberine and neostigmine were weighed (30 g), dissolved in distilled water (30 mL) separately, while, 30 mg piperine was dissolved in ethanol (0.45 mL), made up to 30 mL with distilled water. Antioxidant activities in 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical (ABTS), Fe-chelation, ferric reducing properties (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging abilities and Fe2+, cisplatin and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced lipid peroxidation (LPO), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities were assessed in vitro. RESULTS The result revealed that tested compounds inhibited enzymes activities dose-dependently. However, berberine (IC50=0.17 mg/mL) had slight higher AChE inhibitory effect than piperine and neostigmine (p<0.05). Also, berberine had the highest BChE inhibitory effect (IC50=0.16 mg/mL) while piperine exhibited the highest MAO inhibitory effect (IC50=0.21 mg/mL). Berberine, piperine and neostigmine exhibited high antioxidant properties and inhibited Fe2+, cisplatin and SNP induced LPO. CONCLUSIONS Both alkaloids demonstrated antiradical scavenging ability comparable to neostigmine action against Alzheimer's disease (AD). The modulatory and antioxidant berberine and piperine properties on these enzymes (AChE, BChE and MAO) could be possible underlying mechanisms in employing these compounds as a complementary therapy in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Bathlomew Maduka Okeke
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
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Agostini JF, Santo GD, Baldin SL, Bernardo HT, de Farias ACS, Rico EP, Wanderley AG. Gallic Acid Reverses Neurochemical Changes Induced by Prolonged Ethanol Exposure in the Zebrafish Brain. Neuroscience 2020; 455:251-262. [PMID: 33285238 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA) is a polyphenolic compound that has attracted significant interest due to its antioxidant action through free radical elimination and metal chelation. Ethanol is a highly soluble psychoactive substance, and its toxicity is associated with oxidative stress. In this context, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of GA on neurochemical changes in zebrafish brains exposed to ethanol. GA was first analyzed in isolation by treating the animals at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 mg/L for 24 h and 48 h. The results revealed that the group exposed to 20 mg/L over a 24/48 h period exhibited increases in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBA-RS) levels and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCFH) oxidation, demonstrating a pro-oxidant profile. Moreover, decrease in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity was observed. To investigate the effects of GA after ethanol exposure, the animals were divided into four groups: control; those exposed to 0.5% ethanol for 7 days; those exposed to 0.5% ethanol for 7 days and treated with GA at 5 and 10 mg/L on day 8. Treatment with GA at 5 and 10 mg/L reversed impairment of choline acetyltransferase activity and the damage to TBA-RS levels, DCFH oxidation, and superoxide dismutase activity induced by ethanol. Results of the present study suggest that GA treatment (20 mg/L) appeared to disrupt oxidative parameters in the zebrafish brain. GA treatment at 5 and 10 mg/L reversed alterations to the cholinergic system induced by prolonged exposure to ethanol in the zebrafish brain, probably through an antioxidant mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jotele Fontana Agostini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Dal Santo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Samira Leila Baldin
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Henrique Teza Bernardo
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Salvador de Farias
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pacheco Rico
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Extreme Southern Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Almir Gonçalves Wanderley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Vahdati Hassani F, Masjedi E, Hosseinzadeh H, Bedrood Z, Abnous K, Mehri S. Protective effect of crocin on bisphenol A - induced spatial learning and memory impairment in adult male rats: Role of oxidative stress and AMPA receptor. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:1146-1154. [PMID: 32963736 PMCID: PMC7491498 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.41097.9714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bisphenol A (BPA), a xenoestrogenic endocrine disrupting agent, is widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and has potential adverse effects on the developing nervous system, memory and learning abilities. The protective effect of the crocin, an important active constituent in Crocus sativus L, on memory impairment induced by BPA in rat was determined through evaluation of oxidative stress and the level of NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors) and AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionicd acid) receptors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were orally treated with BPA (100 mg/kg) or sesame seed oil in control group for 28 days. Crocin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, IP) was administrated in BPA-orally treated groups for 28 days. Memory and learning functions were evaluated by Morris water maze. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) contents were determined in rat hippocampus. Additionally, the expression of NMDA and AMPA receptors were analyzed using Western blot method. RESULTS Administration of BPA significantly reduced memory and learning functions. Crocin significantly protected against learning and memory impairments induced by BPA. BPA administration markedly reduced GSH content and induced lipid peroxidation, while crocin was able to increase GSH content in rat hippocampus. The expression of NMDA receptor did not change in BPA-treated rats, while the significant reduction in AMPA receptor expression was observed. Moreover, crocin (20 mg/kg) significantly elevated the expression of AMPA receptor. CONCLUSION Crocin recovered spatial learning and memory defects induced by BPA in part through anti-oxidant activity and modulation the expression of AMPA receptor in rat hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Vahdati Hassani
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Masjedi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Bedrood
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Buján GE, Serra HA, Molina SJ, Guelman LR. Oxidative Stress-Induced Brain Damage Triggered by Voluntary Ethanol Consumption during Adolescence: A Potential Target for Neuroprotection? Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4782-4790. [PMID: 31814553 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191209121735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption, in particular ethanol (EtOH), typically begins in human adolescence, often in a "binge like" manner. However, although EtOH abuse has a high prevalence at this stage, the effects of exposure during adolescence have been less explored than prenatal or adult age exposure. Several authors have reported that EtOH intake during specific periods of development might induce brain damage. Although the mechanisms are poorly understood, it has been postulated that oxidative stress may play a role. In fact, some of these studies revealed a decrease in brain antioxidant enzymes' level and/or an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Nevertheless, although existing literature shows a number of studies in which ROS were measured in developing animals, fewer reported the measurement of ROS levels after EtOH exposure in adolescence. Importantly, neuroprotective agents aimed to these potential targets may be relevant tools useful to reduce EtOH-induced neurodegeneration, restore cognitive function and improve treatment outcomes for alcohol use disorders (AUDs). The present paper reviews significant evidences about the mechanisms involved in EtOH-induced brain damage, as well as the effect of different potential neuroprotectants that have shown to be able to prevent EtOH-induced oxidative stress. A selective inhibitor of the endocannabinoid anandamide metabolism, a flavonol present in different fruits (quercetin), an antibiotic with known neuroprotective properties (minocycline), a SOD/catalase mimetic, a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule (resveratrol), a powerful ROS scavenger (melatonin), an isoquinoline alkaloid (berberine), are some of the therapeutic strategies that could have some clinical relevance in the treatment of AUDs. As most of these works were performed in adult animal models and using EtOH-forced paradigms, the finding of neuroprotective tools that could be effective in adolescent animal models of voluntary EtOH intake should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo E. Buján
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, 1 Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBACONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hector A. Serra
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, 1 Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sonia J. Molina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBACONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura R. Guelman
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, 1 Cátedra de Farmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFyBO, UBACONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Lin L, Li C, Zhang D, Yuan M, Chen CH, Li M. Synergic Effects of Berberine and Curcumin on Improving Cognitive Function in an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:1130-1141. [PMID: 32080784 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-02992-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and no effective therapies have been found to prevent or cure AD to date. Berberine and curcumin are extracts from traditional Chinese herbs that have a long history of clinical benefits for AD. Here, using a transgenic AD mouse model, we found that the combined berberine and curcumin treatment had a much better effect on improving the cognitive function of mice than the single-drug treatment, suggesting synergic effects of the combined berberine and curcumin treatment. In addition, we found that the combined berberine and curcumin treatment had significant synergic effects on reducing soluble amyloid-β-peptide(1-42) production. Furthermore, the combination treatment also had remarkable synergic effects on decreasing inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in both the cortex and hippocampus of AD mice. We also found that the combination treatment performed much better than the single drugs in reducing the APP and BACE1 levels and increasing AMPKα phosphorylation and cell autophagy, which might be the underlying mechanism of the synergic effects. Taken together, the result of this study reveal the synergic effects and potential underlying mechanisms of the combined berberine and curcumin treatment in improving the symptoms of AD in mice. This study sheds light on a new strategy for exploring new phytotherapies for AD and also emphasizes that more research should focus on the synergic effects of herbal drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Deyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mianyang People's Hospital, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxiang Yuan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Mianyang People's Hospital, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun-Hai Chen
- Department of Occupational Health, Amy Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Maoquan Li
- Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610300, Sichuan, China. .,Chengdu Qingbaijiang District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, 610300, Sichuan, China. .,Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
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Jiang X, Lin Q, Xu L, Chen Z, Yan Q, Chen L, Yu X. Indoleamine-2,3-Dioxygenase Mediates Emotional Deficits by the Kynurenine/Tryptophan Pathway in the Ethanol Addiction/Withdrawal Mouse Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:11. [PMID: 32116558 PMCID: PMC7026684 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Our study was designed to investigate whether the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-mediated kynurenine/tryptophan (KYN/TRP) pathway participates in the development of emotional deficits from ethanol addiction/withdrawal mice. Methods The expression of proinflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The IDO levels in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and amygdala were measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot, and the neurotransmitters were tested by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Emotional deficits of mice were evaluated by behavioral tests. Results Expression levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) were increased in mice after 4 weeks of alcohol exposure. As for indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression, only the subtype IDO1 was found to increase at both mRNA level and protein level in all the tested brain regions of ethanol addiction/withdrawal mice. In behavioral tests, mice exposed to alcohol showed gradually declined memory function accompanied by anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. Meanwhile, increased expression of KYN, decreased expression of 5-HT, and abnormal expression of 3-HK and KA were found in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and amygdala of ethanol addiction/withdrawal mice. Interestingly, the IDO1 inhibitor, 1-methyl-L-tryptophan (1-MT), reversed all above alterations induced by ethanol in mice. Conclusion Our results suggested that the TRP/KYN pathway, medicated by IDO1, in the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and amygdala, plays an important role in the development of emotional deficits caused by ethanol addiction and withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China.,Mingzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Lin
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Lexing Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
| | - Qizhi Yan
- Shaoxing People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
| | - Xuefeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
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Wang Z, Ge Q, Wu Y, Zhang J, Gu Q, Han J. Impairment of Long-term Memory by a Short-term High-fat Diet via Hippocampal Oxidative Stress and Alterations in Synaptic Plasticity. Neuroscience 2020; 424:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Vaghef L, Farajdokht F, Erfani M, Majdi A, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Karimi P, Sandoghchian Shotorbani S, Seyedi Vafaee M, Mahmoudi J. Cerebrolysin attenuates ethanol-induced spatial memory impairments through inhibition of hippocampal oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death in rats. Alcohol 2019; 79:127-135. [PMID: 30981808 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the potential neuroprotective effect of cerebrolysin (CBL), a combination of neurotrophic factors, on the cognitive and biochemical alterations induced by chronic ethanol administration in rats. The animals were divided into five groups as follows: control; ethanol (4 g/kg, for 30 days) plus normal saline (Ethanol + NS); ethanol plus CBL 1 mL/kg (Ethanol + CBL 1), ethanol plus CBL 2.5 mL/kg (Ethanol + CBL 2.5); and ethanol plus CBL 5 mL/kg (Ethanol + CBL 5). The Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to assess cognitive impairment. The status of the lipid peroxidation marker MDA, antioxidant capacity, as well as alterations of the apoptotic factors such as Bcl-2, BAX, and cleaved caspase-9 and -3, were evaluated in the hippocampus. The results showed that CBL treatment not only normalized the increased MDA levels in the alcoholic rats and enhanced antioxidant defense, but also reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspase-9 and -3 in the hippocampus. These results were parallel with improvement in spatial memory performance in the MWM test. The findings of the present study provide evidence for the promising therapeutic effect of CBL in chronic ethanol consumption through counteracting oxidative stress and apoptosis markers.
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Wang Z, Yang Y, Liu M, Wei Y, Liu J, Pei H, Li H. Rhizoma Coptidis for Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia: A Literature Review. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2019; 18:358-368. [PMID: 31291876 DOI: 10.2174/1570161117666190710151545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are major types of dementia, both of which cause heavy economic burdens for families and society. However, no currently available medicines can control dementia progression. Rhizoma coptidis, a Chinese herbal medicine, has been used for >2000 years and is now gaining attention as a potential treatment for AD and VaD. METHODS We reviewed the mechanisms of the active ingredients of Rhizoma coptidis and Rhizoma coptidis-containing Chinese herbal compounds in the treatment of AD and VaD. We focused on studies on ameliorating the risk factors and the pathological changes of these diseases. RESULTS The Rhizoma coptidis active ingredients include berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, jatrorrhizine and protopine. The most widely studied ingredient is berberine, which has extensive therapeutic effects on the risk factors and pathogenesis of dementia. It can control blood glucose and lipid levels, regulate blood pressure, ameliorate atherosclerosis, inhibit cholinesterase activity, Aβ generation, and tau hyperphosphorylation, decrease neuroinflammation and oxidative stress and alleviate cognitive impairment. Other ingredients (such as jatrorrhizine, coptisine, epiberberine and palmatine) also regulate blood lipids and blood pressure; however, there are relatively few studies on them. Rhizoma coptidis-containing Chinese herbal compounds like Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang, Huanglian Wendan Decoction, Banxia Xiexin Decoction and Huannao Yicong Formula have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant stress activities, regulate insulin signaling, inhibit γ-secretase activity, neuronal apoptosis, tau hyperphosphorylation, and Aβ deposition, and promote neural stem cell differentiation, thereby improving cognitive function. CONCLUSION The "One-Molecule, One-Target" paradigm has suffered heavy setbacks, but a "multitarget- directed ligands" strategy may be viable. Rhizoma coptidis active ingredients and Rhizoma coptidiscontaining Chinese herbal compounds have multi-aspect therapeutic effects on AD and VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Meixia Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yun Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jiangang Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hui Pei
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
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Ghotbi Ravandi S, Shabani M, Bashiri H, Saeedi Goraghani M, Khodamoradi M, Nozari M. Ameliorating effects of berberine on MK-801-induced cognitive and motor impairments in a neonatal rat model of schizophrenia. Neurosci Lett 2019; 706:151-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Yuan NN, Cai CZ, Wu MY, Su HX, Li M, Lu JH. Neuroprotective effects of berberine in animal models of Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review of pre-clinical studies. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:109. [PMID: 31122236 PMCID: PMC6533761 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2510-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from various Berberis species which is widely used in East Asia for a wide range of symptoms. Recently, neuroprotective effects of berberine in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) animal models are being extensively reported. So far, no clinical trial has been carried out on the neuroprotective effects of berberine. However, a review of the experimental data is needed before choosing berberine as a candidate drug for clinical experiments. We conducted a systematic review on AD rodent models to analyze the drug effects with minimal selection bias. Methods Five online literature databases were searched to find publications reporting studies of the effect of berberine treatment on animal models of AD. Up to March 2018, 15 papers were identified to describe the efficacy of berberine. Results The included 15 articles met our inclusion criteria with different quality ranging from 3 to 5. We analyzed data extracted from full texts with regard to pharmacological effects and potential anti-Alzheimer’s properties. Our analysis revealed that in multiple memory defects animal models, berberine showed significant memory-improving activities with multiple mechanisms, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition and anti-amyloid effects. Conclusion AD is likely to be a complex disease driven by multiple factors. Yet, many therapeutic strategies based on lowering β-amyloid have failed in clinical trials. This suggest that the threapy should not base on a single cause of Alzheimer’s disease but rather a number of different pathways that lead to the disease. Overall we think that berberine can be a promising multipotent agent to combat Alzheimer’s disease.
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de Oliveira JS, Abdalla FH, Dornelles GL, Palma TV, Signor C, da Silva Bernardi J, Baldissarelli J, Lenz LS, de Oliveira VA, Chitolina Schetinger MR, Melchiors Morsch VM, Rubin MA, de Andrade CM. Neuroprotective effects of berberine on recognition memory impairment, oxidative stress, and damage to the purinergic system in rats submitted to intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:641-655. [PMID: 30377748 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5090-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disease. The present study investigated the effects of 50 and 100 mg/kg berberine (BRB) on recognition memory, oxidative stress, and purinergic neurotransmission, in a model of sporadic dementia of the Alzheimer's type induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) in rats. Rats were submitted to ICV-STZ 3 mg/kg or saline, and 3 days later, were started on a treatment of BRB or saline for 21 days. The results demonstrated that BRB was effective in protecting against memory impairment, increased reactive oxygen species, and the subsequent increase in protein and lipid oxidation in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, as well as δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase inhibition in the cerebral cortex. Moreover, the decrease in total thiols, and the reduced glutathione and glutathione S-transferase activity in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of ICV-STZ rats, was prevented by BRB treatment. Besides an antioxidant effect, BRB treatment was capable of preventing decreases in ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (NTPDase), 5'-nucleotidase (EC-5'-Nt), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activities in synaptosomes of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Thus, our data suggest that BRB exerts a neuroprotective effect on recognition memory, as well as on oxidative stress and oxidative stress-related damage, such as dysfunction of the purinergic system. This suggests that BRB may act as a promising multipotent agent for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Sorraila de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Setor de Bioquímica e Estresse Oxidativo do Laboratório de Terapia Celular, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. .,Post-Graduation Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry of the Center of Natural and Exact Sciences of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Fátima Husein Abdalla
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Lopes Dornelles
- Programa de Pós graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciência Rurais/Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veternária/Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Taís Vidal Palma
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Setor de Bioquímica e Estresse Oxidativo do Laboratório de Terapia Celular, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry of the Center of Natural and Exact Sciences of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Signor
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jamile da Silva Bernardi
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jucimara Baldissarelli
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luana Suéling Lenz
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Setor de Bioquímica e Estresse Oxidativo do Laboratório de Terapia Celular, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Post-Graduation Program in Toxicological Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry of the Center of Natural and Exact Sciences of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitor Antunes de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Melchiors Morsch
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Maribel Antonello Rubin
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Laboratório de Neuropsicofarmacologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade
- Programa de Pós graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciência Rurais/Departamento de Clínica de Pequenos Animais, Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veternária/Hospital Veterinário, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Department of Small Animal Clinic, Center of Rural Sciences Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Sadraie S, Kiasalari Z, Razavian M, Azimi S, Sedighnejad L, Afshin-Majd S, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M. Berberine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced learning and memory deficit in the rat: insights into underlying molecular mechanisms. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:245-255. [PMID: 30456649 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0349-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers neuroinflammation with consequent development of behavioral and cognitive deficits. Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid in Berberis genus with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property and protective effects in neurodegenerative disorders. In this research, beneficial effect of this alkaloid against LPS-induced cognitive decline was assessed in the adult male rats. LPS was intraperitoneally administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg to induce neuroinflammation and berberine was given via gavage at doses of 10 or 50 mg/kg, one h after LPS, for 7 days. Treatment of LPS group with berberine at a dose of 50 mg/kg (but not at a dose of 10 mg/kg) improved spatial recognition memory in Y maze, performance in novel object recognition task (NORT), and prevented learning and memory dysfunction in passive avoidance tasks. Furthermore, berberine lowered hippocampal activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl, activity of caspase 3, and DNA fragmentation and improved antioxidant capacity through enhancing glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione (GSH). Besides, berberine attenuated inflammation-related indices, as was evident by lower levels of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Berberine also appropriately restored hippocampal 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox 2), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), sirtuin 1, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) with no significant alteration of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In summary, berberine could partially ameliorate LPS-induced cognitive deficits via partial suppression of apoptotic cascade, neuroinflammation, oxido-nitrosative stress, AChE, MAPK, and restoration of sirtuin 1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Kiasalari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shekoofe Azimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Sedighnejad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Afshin-Majd
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Pierzynowska K, Podlacha M, Gaffke L, Majkutewicz I, Mantej J, Węgrzyn A, Osiadły M, Myślińska D, Węgrzyn G. Autophagy-dependent mechanism of genistein-mediated elimination of behavioral and biochemical defects in the rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2019; 148:332-346. [PMID: 30710571 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of severe neurological diseases for which no effective treatment is currently available. The use of genistein (5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one) has been proposed previously as one of approaches to improve the disease symptoms, as some positive effects of this compound in cellular and animal models were reported. Inhibition of apoptosis and antioxidative functions were suggested as causes of these effects. Here, we demonstrate that high genistein dose (150 mg/kg/day; the dose significantly higher than those used previously in AD studies by others) can activate autophagy in the streptozotocin-induced rat model of the sporadic form of AD. We found that this dose of genistein led to complete degradation of β-amyloid and hyperphosphorylated tau protein in the brain, while experiments with cell cultures demonstrated that these effects require autophagy stimulation, which has never been shown before. Importantly, behavior of high dose genistein-treated AD rats was completely corrected, i.e. it was indistinguishable from that of healthy animals. This was observed in all performed behavioral tests: Morris water maze test, elevated plus-maze test, open field test, and locomotor measurements in an actometer. We conclude that autophagy-dependent mechanism is responsible for genistein-mediated correction of AD when this isoflavone is used at the high dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Podlacha
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Irena Majkutewicz
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jagoda Mantej
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Węgrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Osiadły
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dorota Myślińska
- Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Jiao-Tai-Wan Improves Cognitive Dysfunctions through Cholinergic Pathway in Scopolamine-Treated Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3538763. [PMID: 30050927 PMCID: PMC6040267 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3538763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is characterized as the gradual loss of learning ability and cognitive function, as well as memory impairment. Jiao-tai-wan (JTW), a Chinese medicine prescription including Coptis chinensis and cinnamon, is mainly used for the treatment of insomnia, while the effect of JTW in improving cognitive function has not been reported. In this study, we employed a scopolamine- (SCOP-) treated learning and memory deficit model to explore whether JTW could alleviate cognitive dysfunction. In behavioral experiments, Morris water maze, Y-maze, fearing condition test, and novel object discrimination test were conducted. Results showed that oral administration of JTW (2.1 g/kg, 4.2 g/kg, and 8.4 g/kg) can effectively promote the ability of spatial recognition, learning and memory, and the memory ability of fresh things of SCOP-treated mice. In addition, the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was effectively decreased; the activity of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and concentration of acetylcholine (Ach) were improved after JTW treatment in both hippocampus and cortex of SCOP-treated mice. JTW effectively ameliorated oxidative stress because of decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in hippocampus and cortex. Furthermore, JTW promotes the expressions of neurotrophic factors including postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synaptophysin (SYN) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in both hippocampus and cortex. Nissl's staining shows that the neuroprotective effect of JTW was very effective. To sum up, JTW might be a promising candidate for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.
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Hussain G, Rasul A, Anwar H, Aziz N, Razzaq A, Wei W, Ali M, Li J, Li X. Role of Plant Derived Alkaloids and Their Mechanism in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:341-357. [PMID: 29559851 PMCID: PMC5859479 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.23247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are conventionally demarcated as disorders with selective loss of neurons. Conventional as well as newer molecules have been tested but they offer just symptomatic advantages along with abundant side effects. The discovery of more compelling molecules that can halt the pathology of these diseases will be considered as a miracle of present time. Several synthetic compounds are available but they may cause several other health issues. Therefore, natural molecules from the plants and other sources are being discovered to replace available medicines. In conventional medicational therapies, several plants have been reported to bestow remedial effects. Phytochemicals from medicinal plants can provide a better and safer alternative to synthetic molecules. Many phytochemicals have been identified that cure the human body from a number of diseases. The present article reviews the potential efficacy of plant-derived alkaloids, which possess potential therapeutic effects against several NDDs including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Epilepsy, Schizophrenia, and stroke. Alkaloids include isoquinoline, indole, pyrroloindole, oxindole, piperidine, pyridine, aporphine, vinca, β-carboline, methylxanthene, lycopodium, and erythrine byproducts. Alkaloids constitute positive roles in ameliorating pathophysiology of these illnesses by functioning as muscarinic and adenosine receptors agonists, anti-oxidant, anti-amyloid and MAO inhibitors, acetylcholinestrase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor, inhibitor of α-synuclein aggregation, dopaminergic and nicotine agonist, and NMDA antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Hussain
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science. 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 Japan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Nimra Aziz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Aroona Razzaq
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Wei Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Dental Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Jiang Li
- Dental Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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Sun LM, Zhu BJ, Cao HT, Zhang XY, Zhang QC, Xin GZ, Pan LM, Liu LF, Zhu HX. Explore the effects of Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang on Alzheimer's disease by UPLC-QTOF/MS-based plasma metabolomics study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 151:75-83. [PMID: 29310050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with neither definitive pathogenesis nor effective treatment method so far. Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang (HLJDT) is a classic formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) proven to have ameliorative effects on learning and memory deficits of dementia. Morris water maze (MWM) test and pathology analysis have demonstrated that HLJDT could ameliorate learning and memory deficits in AD mouse model, which may act via its anti-neuroinflammation properties. According to our previous studies, an UPLC-QTOF/MS-based metabolomics approach was performed to explore the potential mechanisms of HLJDT on preventing AD. As a result, a total of 23 potential metabolites (VIP >1, |Pcorr| >0.58, CUFjk excludes 0, P < 0.05) contributing to AD progress were identified. The metabolic pathway analysis with MetPA revealed that glycerophospholipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism and tryptophan metabolism were disturbed in mouse model of AD. After HLJDT treatment, 14 metabolites were restored back to the control-like levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bao-Jie Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hui-Ting Cao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qi-Chun Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Lin-Mei Pan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li-Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Hua-Xu Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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He W, Wang C, Chen Y, He Y, Cai Z. Berberine attenuates cognitive impairment and ameliorates tau hyperphosphorylation by limiting the self-perpetuating pathogenic cycle between NF-κB signaling, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:1341-1348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Neuroprotective effect of berberine against environmental heavy metals-induced neurotoxicity and Alzheimer's-like disease in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 111:432-444. [PMID: 29170048 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are reported as neurodegenerative disorders progenitor. They play a role in the precipitation of abnormal β-amyloid protein and hyper-phosphorylated tau, the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study aimed to validate the heavy metals-induced Alzheimer's-like disease in rats as an experimental model of AD and explore the therapeutic effect of berberine via tracking its effect on the oxidative stress-inflammatory pathway. Alzheimer's-like disease was induced in rats orally by a mixture of aluminium, cadmium and fluoride for three months, followed by berberine treatment for another one month. Berberine significantly improved the cognitive behaviors in Morris water maze test and offered a protective effect against heavy metals-induced memory impairment. Docking results showed that berberine inhibited AChE, COX-2 and TACE. Matching with in silico study, berberine downregulated the AChE expression and inhibited its activity in the brain tissues. Also, it normalized the production of TNF- α, IL-12, IL-6 and IL-1β. Moreover, it evoked the production of antioxidant Aβ40 and inhibited the formation of Aβ42, responsible for the aggregations of amyloid-β plaques. Histopathological examination confirmed the neuroprotective effect of berberine. The present data advocate the possible beneficial effect of berberine as therapeutic modality for Alzheimer's disease via its antiinflammatory/antioxidant mechanism.
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Hasanein P, Seifi R, Hajinezhad MR, Emamjomeh A. Rosmarinic acid protects against chronic ethanol-induced learning and memory deficits in rats. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 20:547-554. [PMID: 27367870 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2016.1203125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ethanol consumption induces neurological disorders including cognitive dysfunction. Oxidative damage is considered a likely cause of cognitive deficits. We aimed to investigate the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) in different doses for 30 days on chronic ethanol-induced cognitive dysfunction using the passive avoidance learning (PAL) and memory task in comparison with donepezil, a reference drug. We also evaluated the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation in hippocampus as possible mechanisms. METHODS Memory impairment was induced by 15% w/v ethanol (2 g/kg, i.g.) administration for 30 days. RA (8, 16, and 32 mg/kg, i.g.) or donepezil (2 mg/kg, i.g.) was administered 30 minutes before ethanol. The acquisition trial was done 1 hour after the last administration of RA and donepezil. At the end, animals were weighed and hippocami were isolated for analyzing of oxidant/antioxidant markers. RESULTS Ethanol caused cognition deficits in the PAL and memory task. While RA 16 and 32 mg/kg improved cognition in control rats, it prevented learning and memory deficits of alcoholic groups. RA 8 mg/kg did not influence cognitive function in both control and alcoholic rats. RA 32 mg/kg had comparable effects with donepezil in prevention of acquisition and retention memory impairment. The higher doses of RA not only prevented increased lipid peroxidation and nitrite content but also decreased SOD, CAT, GSH, and FRAP levels in alcoholic groups and exerted antioxidant effects in non-alcoholic rats. DISCUSSION We showed that RA administration dose-dependently prevented cognitive impairment induced by chronic ethanol in PAL and memory and disturbed oxidant/antioxidant status as a possible mechanism. The antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and neuroprotective properties of RA may be involved in the observed effects. Therefore, RA represents a potential therapeutic option against chronic ethanol-induced amnesia which deserves consideration and further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Hasanein
- a Department of Biology , School of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan , Iran
| | - Rosa Seifi
- a Department of Biology , School of Basic Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Hajinezhad
- b Department of Basic Veterinary Science , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zabol , Iran
| | - Abbasali Emamjomeh
- c Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology (PBB) , University of Zabol , Zabol , Iran
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Liang Y, Huang M, Jiang X, Liu Q, Chang X, Guo Y. The neuroprotective effects of Berberine against amyloid β-protein-induced apoptosis in primary cultured hippocampal neurons via mitochondria-related caspase pathway. Neurosci Lett 2017; 655:46-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mohammadzadeh N, Mehri S, Hosseinzadeh H. Berberis vulgaris and its constituent berberine as antidotes and protective agents against natural or chemical toxicities. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 20:538-551. [PMID: 28656089 PMCID: PMC5478782 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2017.8678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Berberis vulgaris L (B. vulgaris) and its main constituent berberine have been used in traditional medicine for a long time. This medicinal plant and berberine have many properties that have attracted the attention of researchers over the time. According to several studies, B. vulgaris and berberine exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, anti-Alzheimer, anti-cancer, anti-arrhythmic, antiviral, antibacterial and anti-diabetic effects in both in vitro and invivo experiments. In regard to many reports on protective effects of B. vulgaris and berberine on natural and chemical toxins, in the current review article, the inhibitory effects of these compounds against natural, industrial, environmental and chemical toxicities with focus on cellular mechanism have been categorized. It has been mentioned that berberine could ameliorate toxicity of chemical toxins in brain, heart, kidney, liver and lung in part through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, modulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soghra Mehri
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Sedaghat R, Taab Y, Kiasalari Z, Afshin-Majd S, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M. Berberine ameliorates intrahippocampal kainate-induced status epilepticus and consequent epileptogenic process in the rat: Underlying mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:200-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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