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Younesi FS, Miller AE, Barker TH, Rossi FMV, Hinz B. Fibroblast and myofibroblast activation in normal tissue repair and fibrosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024; 25:617-638. [PMID: 38589640 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The term 'fibroblast' often serves as a catch-all for a diverse array of mesenchymal cells, including perivascular cells, stromal progenitor cells and bona fide fibroblasts. Although phenotypically similar, these subpopulations are functionally distinct, maintaining tissue integrity and serving as local progenitor reservoirs. In response to tissue injury, these cells undergo a dynamic fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, marked by extracellular matrix secretion and contraction of actomyosin-based stress fibres. Importantly, whereas transient activation into myofibroblasts aids in tissue repair, persistent activation triggers pathological fibrosis. In this Review, we discuss the roles of mechanical cues, such as tissue stiffness and strain, alongside cell signalling pathways and extracellular matrix ligands in modulating myofibroblast activation and survival. We also highlight the role of epigenetic modifications and myofibroblast memory in physiological and pathological processes. Finally, we discuss potential strategies for therapeutically interfering with these factors and the associated signal transduction pathways to improve the outcome of dysregulated healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Sadat Younesi
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew E Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Thomas H Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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2
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Son DO, Benitez R, Diao L, Hinz B. How to Keep Myofibroblasts under Control: Culture of Mouse Skin Fibroblasts on Soft Substrates. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)01885-2. [PMID: 39078357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
During the physiological healing of skin wounds, fibroblasts recruited from the uninjured adjacent dermis and deeper subcutaneous fascia layers are transiently activated into myofibroblasts to first secrete and then contract collagen-rich extracellular matrix into a mechanically resistant scar. Scar tissue restores skin integrity after damage but comes at the expense of poor esthetics and loss of tissue function. Stiff scar matrix also mechanically activates various precursor cells into myofibroblasts in a positive feedback loop. Persistent myofibroblast activation results in pathologic accumulation of fibrous collagen and hypertrophic scarring, called fibrosis. Consequently, the mechanisms of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast activation and persistence are studied to develop antifibrotic and prohealing treatments. Mechanistic understanding often starts in a plastic cell culture dish. This can be problematic because contact of fibroblasts with tissue culture plastic or glass surfaces invariably generates myofibroblast phenotypes in standard culture. We describe a straight-forward method to produce soft cell culture surfaces for fibroblast isolation and continued culture and highlight key advantages and limitations of the approach. Adding a layer of elastic silicone polymer tunable to the softness of normal skin and the stiffness of pathologic scars allows to control mechanical fibroblast activation while preserving the simplicity of conventional 2-dimensional cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ok Son
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Raquel Benitez
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Li Diao
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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3
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Zhao E, Chen J, Qiu D, Liang R, Lu D, Tan W, Qin Y, Liu Q. STING-deficiency in lung resident mesenchymal stromal cells contributes to the alleviation of LPS-induced lung injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 714:149973. [PMID: 38657444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by acute diffuse inflammatory lung injury with a high mortality rate. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are pluripotent adult cells that can be extracted from a variety of tissues, including the lung. Lung-resident MSC (LR-MSC) located around vascular vessels and act as important regulators of lung homeostasis, regulating the balance between lung injury and repair processes. LR-MSC support the integrity of lung tissue by modulating immune responses and releasing trophic factors. Studies have reported that the STING pathway is involved in the progression of lung injury inflammation, but the specific mechanism is unclear. In this study, we found that STING deficiency could ameliorate lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute lung injury, STING knockout (STING KO) LR-MSC had an enhanced treatment effect on acute lung injury. STING depletion protected LR-MSC from LPS-induced apoptosis. RNA-sequencing and Western blot results showed that STING KO LR-MSC expressed higher levels of MSC immunoregulatory molecules, such as Igfbp4, Icam1, Hgf and Cox2, than WT LR-MSC. This study highlights that LR-MSC have a therapeutic role in acute lung injury, and we demonstrate that STING deficiency can enhance the immunomodulatory function of LR-MSC in controlling lung inflammation. Thus, STING can be used as an intervention target to enhance the therapeutic effect of MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erming Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Dongbo Qiu
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Rukang Liang
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Di Lu
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Weikeng Tan
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yunfei Qin
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Qiuli Liu
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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4
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Marquez-Curtis LA, Elliott JAW. Mesenchymal stromal cells derived from various tissues: Biological, clinical and cryopreservation aspects: Update from 2015 review. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104856. [PMID: 38340887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have become one of the most investigated and applied cells for cellular therapy and regenerative medicine. In this update of our review published in 2015, we show that studies continue to abound regarding the characterization of MSCs to distinguish them from other similar cell types, the discovery of new tissue sources of MSCs, and the confirmation of their properties and functions that render them suitable as a therapeutic. Because cryopreservation is widely recognized as the only technology that would enable the on-demand availability of MSCs, here we show that although the traditional method of cryopreserving cells by slow cooling in the presence of 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO) continues to be used by many, several novel MSC cryopreservation approaches have emerged. As in our previous review, we conclude from these recent reports that viable and functional MSCs from diverse tissues can be recovered after cryopreservation using a variety of cryoprotectants, freezing protocols, storage temperatures, and periods of storage. We also show that for logistical reasons there are now more studies devoted to the cryopreservation of tissues from which MSCs are derived. A new topic included in this review covers the application in COVID-19 of MSCs arising from their immunomodulatory and antiviral properties. Due to the inherent heterogeneity in MSC populations from different sources there is still no standardized procedure for their isolation, identification, functional characterization, cryopreservation, and route of administration, and not likely to be a "one-size-fits-all" approach in their applications in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Marquez-Curtis
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 1H9; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 1C9
| | - Janet A W Elliott
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 1H9; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 1C9.
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Qiu D, Wei W, Chen J, Huang J, Yang Y, Luo Z. In vitro determination of osteo-adipogenic lineage choice of bone marrow stromal/stem cells (BMSCs). MethodsX 2024; 12:102637. [PMID: 38445171 PMCID: PMC10912731 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal/stem cells (BMSCs) are primitive and heterogeneous cells that can be differentiated into osteoblasts, adipocytes and other subsets. Their bone-fat lineage commitment is responsible for the homeostasis of bone marrow microenvironment. However, there are little effective methods and evidence to simultaneously visualise the lineage commitment of BMSCs. Here we provide a bivalent differentiation medium that can enable BMSCs differentiation into osteoblasts and adipocytes in vitro, and establish a method to simultaneously distinguish osteoblasts or adipocytes from the heterogeneous BMSCs based on Alizarin red S and Oil red O staining, which have been used for detection of specific mineralized nodules and lipid droplets, respectively. This assay provides a specifically simple but effective and low-cost method to evaluate the efficiency of osteo-adipogenic (OA) allocation of BMSCs.►Researchers can utilize the bivalent differentiation medium to evaluate the efficiency of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Qiu
- Department of Physical Education, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Wanyi Wei
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Jingwen Huang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Faculty of Nursing, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Ziwei Luo
- College of Orthopedics, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, Nanning 530200, China
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6
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Fu J, Lin J, Dai Z, Lin B, Zhang J. Hypoxia-associated autophagy flux dysregulation in human cancers. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216823. [PMID: 38521197 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
A general feature of cancer is hypoxia, determined as low oxygen levels. Low oxygen levels may cause cells to alter in ways that contribute to tumor growth and resistance to treatment. Hypoxia leads to variations in cancer cell metabolism, angiogenesis and metastasis. Furthermore, a hypoxic tumor microenvironment might induce immunosuppression. Moreover, hypoxia has the potential to impact cellular processes, such as autophagy. Autophagy refers to the catabolic process by which damaged organelles and toxic macromolecules are broken down. The abnormal activation of autophagy has been extensively recorded in human tumors and it serves as a regulator of cell growth, spread to other parts of the body, and resistance to treatment. There is a correlation between hypoxia and autophagy in human malignancies. Hypoxia can regulate the activity of AMPK, mTOR, Beclin-1, and ATGs to govern autophagy in human malignancies. Furthermore, HIF-1α, serving as an indicator of low oxygen levels, controls the process of autophagy. Hypoxia-induced autophagy has a crucial role in regulating the growth, spread, and resistance to treatment in human malignancies. Hypoxia-induced regulation of autophagy can impact other mechanisms of cell death, such as apoptosis. Chemoresistance and radioresistance have become significant challenges in recent years. Hypoxia-mediated autophagy plays a crucial role in determining the response to these therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiding Fu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Zili Dai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Baisheng Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510095, China.
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Chen S, Liang B, Xu J. Unveiling heterogeneity in MSCs: exploring marker-based strategies for defining MSC subpopulations. J Transl Med 2024; 22:459. [PMID: 38750573 PMCID: PMC11094970 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a heterogeneous cell population distributed throughout various tissues, demonstrating remarkable adaptability to microenvironmental cues and holding immense promise for disease treatment. However, the inherent diversity within MSCs often leads to variability in therapeutic outcomes, posing challenges for clinical applications. To address this heterogeneity, purification of MSC subpopulations through marker-based isolation has emerged as a promising approach to ensure consistent therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we discussed the reported markers of MSCs, encompassing those developed through candidate marker strategies and high-throughput approaches, with the aim of explore viable strategies for addressing the heterogeneity of MSCs and illuminate prospective research directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Liang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Fuqiang Avenue 1001, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Huang R, Kang T, Chen S. The role of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immune evasion. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:238. [PMID: 38713256 PMCID: PMC11076352 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor growth is closely linked to the activities of various cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly immune cells. During tumor progression, circulating monocytes and macrophages are recruited, altering the TME and accelerating growth. These macrophages adjust their functions in response to signals from tumor and stromal cells. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), similar to M2 macrophages, are key regulators in the TME. METHODS We review the origins, characteristics, and functions of TAMs within the TME. This analysis includes the mechanisms through which TAMs facilitate immune evasion and promote tumor metastasis. Additionally, we explore potential therapeutic strategies that target TAMs. RESULTS TAMs are instrumental in mediating tumor immune evasion and malignant behaviors. They release cytokines that inhibit effector immune cells and attract additional immunosuppressive cells to the TME. TAMs primarily target effector T cells, inducing exhaustion directly, influencing activity indirectly through cellular interactions, or suppressing through immune checkpoints. Additionally, TAMs are directly involved in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Developing innovative tumor-targeted therapies and immunotherapeutic strategies is currently a promising focus in oncology. Given the pivotal role of TAMs in immune evasion, several therapeutic approaches have been devised to target them. These include leveraging epigenetics, metabolic reprogramming, and cellular engineering to repolarize TAMs, inhibiting their recruitment and activity, and using TAMs as drug delivery vehicles. Although some of these strategies remain distant from clinical application, we believe that future therapies targeting TAMs will offer significant benefits to cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ting Kang
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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9
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Wan Z, Wang X, Fu Z, Ma Y, Dai G, Gong X, Chen G, Yang L. Toll-like receptor activation regulates the paracrine effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells on reversing osteoarthritic phenotype of chondrocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:550. [PMID: 38642183 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09499-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic efficacy of intra-articular mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injection for patients with osteoarthritis (OA) currently exhibits inconsistency, and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. It has been postulated that the immunomodulatory properties and paracrine activity of MSCs might be influenced by the inflammatory micro-environment within osteoarthritic joints, potentially contributing to this observed inconsistency. METHODS Adipose-derived MSCs (ADSCs) were isolated from SD rats and pre-treated with Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist Poly I:C or Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist LPS. The pre-treated ADSCs were then co-cultured with IL-1β-induced osteoarthritic chondrocytes using a Transwell system to analyze the paracrine effect of ADSCs on reversing the osteoarthritic phenotype of chondrocytes. RESULTS RT-PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that Poly I:C and LPS pre-treatments up-regulated the expression of IL-10 and IL-6 in ADSCs, respectively. Furthermore, only Poly I:C-preconditioned ADSCs significantly promoted proliferation while inhibiting apoptosis in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Additionally, Poly I:C-preconditioned ADSCs downregulated MMP13 expression while upregulating aggrecan and collagen II expression levels in IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS TLR3 activation polarizes ADSCs into an immunomodulatory phenotype distinct from TLR4 activation, exerting differential effects on reversing the osteoarthritic phenotype of chondrocytes; thus indicating that MSCs' paracrine effect regulated by TLRs signaling impacts the efficacy of intra-articular MSCs injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu Wan
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhenlan Fu
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yanming Ma
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Gang Dai
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Gong
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Guangxing Chen
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Liu Yang
- Center for Joint Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
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Robert M, Miossec P. Structural cell heterogeneity underlies the differential contribution of IL-17A, IL-17F and IL-23 to joint versus skin chronic inflammation. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103529. [PMID: 38492906 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
The current therapeutic strategy used in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) primarily targets immune cells or associated-pathways. However, recent evidence suggests that the microenvironment modulates immune cell development and responses. During inflammation, structural cells acquire a pathogenetic phenotype and the interactions with immune cells are often greatly modified. Understanding the importance of these tissue-specific interactions may allow to explain why some biologics are effective in some IMIDs but not in others. The differential effects of interleukin (IL)-17 A, IL-17F and IL-23 in joint versus skin inflammation depends on structural cell heterogeneity. In addition, the sometimes opposite effects of immune/structural cell interactions on the production of these cytokines illustrate the importance of these cells in chronic inflammation, using the examples of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and spondyloarthritis. This review describes these concepts, shows their interests through clinical observations, and finally discusses strategies to optimize therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Robert
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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Nookaew I, Xiong J, Onal M, Bustamante-Gomez C, Wanchai V, Fu Q, Kim HN, Almeida M, O'Brien CA. Refining the identity of mesenchymal cell types associated with murine periosteal and endosteal bone. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107158. [PMID: 38479598 PMCID: PMC11007436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA-seq has led to novel designations for mesenchymal cells associated with bone as well as multiple designations for what appear to be the same cell type. The main goals of this study were to increase the amount of single-cell RNA sequence data for osteoblasts and osteocytes, to compare cells from the periosteum to those inside bone, and to clarify the major categories of cell types associated with murine bone. We created an atlas of murine bone-associated cells by harmonizing published datasets with in-house data from cells targeted by Osx1-Cre and Dmp1-Cre driver strains. Cells from periosteal bone were analyzed separately from those isolated from the endosteum and trabecular bone. Over 100,000 mesenchymal cells were mapped to reveal 11 major clusters designated fibro-1, fibro-2, chondrocytes, articular chondrocytes, tenocytes, adipo-Cxcl12 abundant reticular (CAR), osteo-CAR, preosteoblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteo-X, the latter defined in part by periostin expression. Osteo-X, osteo-CAR, and preosteoblasts were closely associated with osteoblasts at the trabecular bone surface. Wnt16 was expressed in multiple cell types from the periosteum but not in cells from endocortical or cancellous bone. Fibro-2 cells, which express markers of stem cells, localized to the periosteum but not trabecular bone in adult mice. Suppressing bone remodeling eliminated osteoblasts and altered gene expression in preosteoblasts but did not change the abundance or location of osteo-X or osteo-CAR cells. These results provide a framework for identifying bone cell types in murine single-cell RNA-seq datasets and suggest that osteoblast progenitors reside near the surface of remodeling bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intawat Nookaew
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
| | - Jinhu Xiong
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Melda Onal
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Cecile Bustamante-Gomez
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Visanu Wanchai
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Qiang Fu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Ha-Neui Kim
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Maria Almeida
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Charles A O'Brien
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Division of Endocrinology, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA; Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
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12
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Li PL, Chen DF, Li XT, Hao RC, Zhao ZD, Li ZL, Yin BF, Tang J, Luo YW, Wu CT, Nie JJ, Zhu H. Microgel-based carriers enhance skeletal stem cell reprogramming towards immunomodulatory phenotype in osteoarthritic therapy. Bioact Mater 2024; 34:204-220. [PMID: 38235309 PMCID: PMC10792171 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal stem cells (SSC) have gained attentions as candidates for the treatment of osteoarthritis due to their osteochondrogenic capacity. However, the immunomodulatory properties of SSC, especially under delivery operations, have been largely ignored. In the study, we found that Pdpn+ and Grem1+ SSC subpopulations owned immunoregulatory potential, and the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data suggested that the mechanical activation of microgel carriers on SSC induced the generation of Pdpn+Grem1+Ptgs2+ SSC subpopulation, which was potent at suppressing macrophage inflammation. The microgel carriers promoted the YAP nuclear translocation, and the activated YAP protein was necessary for the increased expression of Ptgs2 and PGE2 in microgels-delivered SSC, which further suppressed the expression of TNF-ɑ, IL-1β and promoted the expression of IL-10 in macrophages. SSC delivered with microgels yielded better preventive effects on articular lesions and macrophage activation in osteoarthritic rats than SSC without microgels. Chemically blocking the YAP and Ptgs2 in microgels-delivered SSC partially abolished the enhanced protection on articular tissues and suppression on osteoarthritic macrophages. Moreover, microgel carriers significantly prolonged SSC retention time in vivo without increasing SSC implanting into osteoarthritic joints. Together, our study demonstrated that microgel carriers enhanced SSC reprogramming towards immunomodulatory phenotype to regulate macrophage phenotype transformation for effectively osteoarthritic therapy by promoting YAP protein translocation into nucleus. The study not only complement and perfect the immunological mechanisms of SSC-based therapy at the single-cell level, but also provide new insight for microgel carriers in stem cell-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Lin Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Da-Fu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Road Xinjiekou 31, Beijing, 100035, PR China
| | - Xiao-Tong Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Rui-Cong Hao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Zhi-Dong Zhao
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Road Fuxing 28, Beijing, 100853, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ling Li
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Bo-Feng Yin
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Yu-Wen Luo
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Road Xinjiekou 31, Beijing, 100035, PR China
| | - Chu-Tse Wu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
| | - Jing-Jun Nie
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Road Xinjiekou 31, Beijing, 100035, PR China
| | - Heng Zhu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Road Taiping 27, Beijing, 100850, PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, PR China
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13
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Mou L, Wang TB, Wang X, Pu Z. Advancing diabetes treatment: the role of mesenchymal stem cells in islet transplantation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1389134. [PMID: 38605972 PMCID: PMC11007079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1389134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent global health challenge, significantly impacts societal and economic well-being. Islet transplantation is increasingly recognized as a viable treatment for type 1 diabetes that aims to restore endogenous insulin production and mitigate complications associated with exogenous insulin dependence. We review the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in enhancing the efficacy of islet transplantation. MSCs, characterized by their immunomodulatory properties and differentiation potential, are increasingly seen as valuable in enhancing islet graft survival, reducing immune-mediated rejection, and supporting angiogenesis and tissue repair. The utilization of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles further exemplifies innovative approaches to improve transplantation outcomes. However, challenges such as MSC heterogeneity and the optimization of therapeutic applications persist. Advanced methodologies, including artificial intelligence (AI) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), are highlighted as potential technologies for addressing these challenges, potentially steering MSC therapy toward more effective, personalized treatment modalities for diabetes. This review revealed that MSCs are important for advancing diabetes treatment strategies, particularly through islet transplantation. This highlights the importance of MSCs in the field of regenerative medicine, acknowledging both their potential and the challenges that must be navigated to fully realize their therapeutic promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Mou
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- MetaLife Lab, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tony Bowei Wang
- Biology Department, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuhui Pu
- Imaging Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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14
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Lozinski BM, Ghorbani S, Yong VW. Biology of neurofibrosis with focus on multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1370107. [PMID: 38596673 PMCID: PMC11002094 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1370107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue damage elicits a wound healing response of inflammation and remodeling aimed at restoring homeostasis. Dysregulation of wound healing leads to accumulation of effector cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, collectively termed fibrosis, which impairs organ functions. Fibrosis of the central nervous system, neurofibrosis, is a major contributor to the lack of neural regeneration and it involves fibroblasts, microglia/macrophages and astrocytes, and their deposited ECM. Neurofibrosis occurs commonly across neurological conditions. This review describes processes of wound healing and fibrosis in tissues in general, and in multiple sclerosis in particular, and considers approaches to ameliorate neurofibrosis to enhance neural recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - V. Wee Yong
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute and the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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15
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Chi A, Yang B, Dai H, Li X, Mo J, Gao Y, Chen Z, Feng X, Ma M, Li Y, Yang C, Liu J, Liu H, Wang Z, Gao F, Liao Y, Shi X, Deng C, Zhang M. Stem Leydig cells support macrophage immunological homeostasis through mitochondrial transfer in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2120. [PMID: 38459012 PMCID: PMC10924100 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
As testicular mesenchymal stromal cells, stem Leydig cells (SLCs) show great promise in the treatment of male hypogonadism. The therapeutic functions of mesenchymal stromal cells are largely determined by their reciprocal regulation by immune responses. However, the immunoregulatory properties of SLCs remain unclear. Here, we observe that SLCs transplantation restore male fertility and testosterone production in an ischemia‒reperfusion injury mouse model. SLCs prevent inflammatory cascades through mitochondrial transfer to macrophages. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from activated macrophages inducing mitochondrial transfer from SLCs to macrophages in a transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily member 7 (TRPM7)-mediated manner. Notably, knockdown of TRPM7 in transplanted SLCs compromised therapeutic outcomes in both testicular ischemia‒reperfusion and testicular aging mouse models. These findings reveal a new mechanism of SLCs transplantation that may contribute to preserve testis function in male patients with hypogonadism related to immune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Chi
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Bicheng Yang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hao Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jiahui Mo
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Menghui Ma
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Chao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hanchao Liu
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhenqing Wang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
- Shenzhen Beike Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518054, China.
| | - Chunhua Deng
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Gao M, Guo H, Dong X, Wang Z, Yang Z, Shang Q, Wang Q. Regulation of inflammation during wound healing: the function of mesenchymal stem cells and strategies for therapeutic enhancement. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1345779. [PMID: 38425646 PMCID: PMC10901993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1345779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A wound takes a long time to heal and involves several steps. Following tissue injury, inflammation is the primary cause of tissue regeneration and repair processes. As a result, the pathophysiological processes involving skin damage, healing, and remodeling depend critically on the control of inflammation. The fact that it is a feasible target for improving the prognosis of wound healing has lately become clear. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an innovative and effective therapeutic option for wound healing due to their immunomodulatory and paracrine properties. By controlling the inflammatory milieu of wounds through immunomodulation, transplanted MSCs have been shown to speed up the healing process. In addition to other immunomodulatory mechanisms, including handling neutrophil activity and modifying macrophage polarization, there may be modifications to the activation of T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and dendritic cells (DCs). Furthermore, several studies have shown that pretreating MSCs improves their ability to modulate immunity. In this review, we summarize the existing knowledge about how MSCs influence local inflammation in wounds by influencing immunity to facilitate the healing process. We also provide an overview of MSCs optimizing techniques when used to treat wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiying Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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17
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Chaudhary JK, Ahamad N, Rath PC. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the mouse bone marrow show differential expression of interferon regulatory factors IRF-1 and IRF-2. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:97. [PMID: 38194130 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09025-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon regulatory factors (IRF-1 and IRF-2) are transcription factors widely implicated in various cellular processes, including regulation of inflammatory responses to pathogens, cell proliferation, oncogenesis, differentiation, autophagy, and apoptosis. METHODS We have studied the expression of IRF-1, IRF-2 mRNAs by RT-PCR, cellular localization of the proteins by immunofluorescence, and expression of mRNAs of genes regulated by IRF-1, IRF-2 by RT-PCR in mouse bone marrow cells (BMCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). RESULTS Higher level of IRF-1 mRNA was observed in BMCs and MSCs compared to that of IRF-2. Similarly, differential expression of IRF-1 and IRF-2 proteins was observed in BMCs and MSCs. IRF-1 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm, whereas IRF-2 was localized in the nuclei of BMCs. MSCs showed nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of IRF-1 and nuclear localization of IRF-2. Constitutive expression of IRF-1 and IRF-2 target genes: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and caspase-1 was observed in both BMCs and MSCs. MSCs showed constitutive expression of the pluripotency-associated factors, Oct3/4 and Sox-2. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treatment of MSCs induced prominent cellular localization of IRF-1 and IRF-2. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that IRF-1 and IRF-2 exhibit differential expression of their mRNAs and subcellular localization of the proteins in BMCs and MSCs. These cells also show differential levels of constitutive expression of IRF-1 and IRF-2 target genes. This may regulate immune-responsive properties of BMCs and MSCs through IRF-1, IRF-2-dependent gene expression and protein-protein interaction. Regulating IRF-1 and IRF-2 may be helpful for immunomodulatory functions of MSCs for cell therapy and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Kumar Chaudhary
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Naseem Ahamad
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pramod C Rath
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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18
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Song J, Ma Q, Li Y, Wang X, Chen S, Liang B, Lin X, Chen J, Xu S, Shi S, Zhang J, Diao L, Zeng Y, Xu J. CD317 + MSCs expanded with chemically defined media have enhanced immunological anti-inflammatory activities. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:2. [PMID: 38169422 PMCID: PMC10763464 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although both preclinical and clinical studies have shown the great application potential of MSCs (mesenchymal stem/stromal cells) in treating many kinds of diseases, therapeutic inconsistency resulting from cell heterogeneity is the major stumbling block to their clinical applications. Cell population diversity and batch variation in the cell expansion medium are two major inducers of MSC heterogeneity. METHODS Cell population diversity was investigated through single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of human MSCs derived from the umbilical cord and expanded with fully chemically defined medium in the current study. Then, the MSC subpopulation with enhanced anti-inflammatory effects was studied in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Our data showed that MSCs contain different populations with different functions, including subpopulations with enhanced functions of exosome secretion, extracellular matrix modification and responses to stimuli (regeneration and immune response). Among them, CD317+ MSCs have improved differentiation capabilities and enhanced immune suppression activities. Underlying mechanism studies showed that higher levels of TSG6 confer enhanced anti-inflammatory functions of CD317+ MSCs. CONCLUSIONS Thus, CD317+ MSCs might be a promising candidate for treating immunological disorder-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianqi Wang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Chen
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Liang
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Lin
- Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieting Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, People's Hospital of Baoan, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiru Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoquan Shi
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingting Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen, 518000, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-Implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital (Formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Fuqiang Avenue 1001, Shenzhen, 518060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Park SY, Kim D, Jung JW, An HJ, Lee J, Park Y, Lee D, Lee S, Kim JM. Targeting class A GPCRs for hard tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 2024; 304:122425. [PMID: 38100905 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in various pathogeneses and physiological regulations. Owing to their functional diversity, GPCRs are considered one of the primary pharmaceutical targets. However, drugs targeting GPCRs have not been developed yet to regenerate hard tissues such as teeth and bones. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have high proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation potential, which are essential for hard tissue regeneration. Here, we present a strategy for targeting class A GPCRs for hard tissue regeneration by promoting the differentiation of endogenous MSCs into osteogenic and odontogenic progenitor cells. Through in vitro screening targeted at class A GPCRs, we identified six target receptors (LPAR1, F2R, F2RL1, F2RL2, S1PR1, and ADORA2A) and candidate drugs with potent biomineralization effects. Through a combination of profiling whole transcriptome and accessible chromatin regions, we identified that p53 acts as a key transcriptional activator of genes that modulate the biomineralization process. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of class A GPCR-targeting drugs was demonstrated in tooth pulpotomy and calvarial defect models. The selected drugs revealed potent regenerative effects in both tooth and bone defects, represented by newly formed highly mineralized regions. Consequently, this study provides translational evidence for a new regenerative strategy for damaged hard tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Won Jung
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju An
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13496, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasun Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonchul Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, 13496, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Tajima Y, Shibasaki F, Masai H. Cell fusion upregulates PD-L1 expression for evasion from immunosurveillance. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:158-173. [PMID: 37990063 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells), responsible for tissue repair, rarely undergo cell fusion with somatic cells. Here, we show that ~5% of bladder cancer cells (UMUC-3) fuses with bone marrow-derived MSC (BM-MSC) in co-culture and maintains high tumorigenicity. In eleven fusion cell clones that have been established, Mb-scale deletions carried by the bladder cancer cells are mostly absent in the fusion cells, but copy number gains contributed by the cancer cells have stayed. Fusion cells exhibit increased populations of mitotic cells with 3-polar spindles, indicative of genomic instability. They grow faster in vitro and exhibit higher colony formation in anchorage-independent growth assay in soft agar than the parent UMUC-3 does. Fusion cells develop tumors, after 4 weeks of time lag, as efficiently as the parent UMUC-3 does in xenograft experiments. 264 genes are identified whose expression is specifically altered in the fusion cells. Many of them are interferon-stimulated genes (ISG), but are activated in a manner independent of interferon. Among them, we show that PD-L1 is induced in fusion cells, and its knockout decreases tumorigenesis in a xenograft model. PD-L1 is induced in a manner independent of STAT1 known to regulate PD-L1 expression, but is regulated by histone modification, and is likely to inhibit phagocytosis by PD1-expressing macrophages, thus protecting cancer cells from immunological attacks. The fusion cells overexpress multiple cytokines including CCL2 that cause tumor progression by converting infiltrating macrophages to tumor-associated-macrophage (TAM). The results present mechanisms of how cell fusion promotes tumorigenesis, revealing a novel link between cell fusion and PD-L1, and underscore the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youichi Tajima
- Genome Dynamics Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Futoshi Shibasaki
- Center for Medical Research Cooperation, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Hisao Masai
- Genome Dynamics Project, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan.
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21
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Huang B, Fu S, Hao Y, Yeung CK, Zhang X, Li E, Xu X, Shao N, Xu RH. Developmental potency of human ES cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells revealed in mouse embryos following blastocyst injection. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113459. [PMID: 37988266 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are present in almost all the tissues in the body, critical for their homeostasis and regeneration. However, the stemness of MSCs is mainly an in vitro observation, and lacking exclusive markers for endogenous MSCs makes it difficult to study the multipotency of MSCs in vivo, especially for human MSCs. To address this hurdle, we injected GFP-tagged human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived MSCs (EMSCs) into mouse blastocysts. EMSCs survived well and penetrated both the inner cell mass and trophectoderm, correlating to the higher anti-apoptotic capability of EMSCs than hESCs. Injected EMSCs contributed to skeletal, dermal, and extraembryonic tissues in the resultant chimera and partially rescued skeletal defects in Sox9+/- mouse fetuses. Thus, this study provides evidence for the stemness and developmental capability of human MSCs through chimerization with the mouse blastocyst, serving as a model for studying human mesenchymal and skeletal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borong Huang
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Siyi Fu
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Yanan Hao
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Cheung Kwan Yeung
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Enqin Li
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ningyi Shao
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Center of Reproduction, Development & Aging, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
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22
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Tung LW, Groppa E, Soliman H, Lin B, Chang C, Cheung CW, Ritso M, Guo D, Rempel L, Sinha S, Eisner C, Brassard J, McNagny K, Biernaskie J, Rossi F. Spatiotemporal signaling underlies progressive vascular rarefaction in myocardial infarction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8498. [PMID: 38129410 PMCID: PMC10739910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic angiogenesis represents a promising avenue to revascularize the ischemic heart. Its limited success is partly due to our poor understanding of the cardiac stroma, specifically mural cells, and their response to ischemic injury. Here, we combine single-cell and positional transcriptomics to assess the behavior of mural cells within the healing heart. In response to myocardial infarction, mural cells adopt an altered state closely associated with the infarct and retain a distinct lineage from fibroblasts. This response is concurrent with vascular rarefaction and reduced vascular coverage by mural cells. Positional transcriptomics reveals that the infarcted heart is governed by regional-dependent and temporally regulated programs. While the remote zone acts as an important source of pro-angiogenic signals, the infarct zone is accentuated by chronic activation of anti-angiogenic, pro-fibrotic, and inflammatory cues. Together, our work unveils the spatiotemporal programs underlying cardiac repair and establishes an association between vascular deterioration and mural cell dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wei Tung
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Elena Groppa
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Borea Therapeutics, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Via Bonomea, 265, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Hesham Soliman
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Aspect Biosystems, 1781 W 75th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V6P 6P2, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Bruce Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chihkai Chang
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chun Wai Cheung
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Morten Ritso
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - David Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lucas Rempel
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sarthak Sinha
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christine Eisner
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Julyanne Brassard
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kelly McNagny
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Jeff Biernaskie
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Fabio Rossi
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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23
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Yang X, Li X, Guo Z, Zhang Z, Song X, Zhang M, Han X, He L, Zhou B. Generation and characterization of PDGFRα-GFP knock-in mice for visualization of PDGFRα + fibroblasts in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 687:149215. [PMID: 37949027 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptor, PDGFRα, are critical for tissue development and injury repair. To track PDGFRα-expressing cells in vivo, we generated a knock-in mouse line that expresses green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the PDGFRα promoter. This genetic tool enabled us to detect PDGFRα expression in various organs during both neonatal and adult stages. Additionally, we confirmed the correlation between endogenous PDGFRα and transgenic PDGFRα expression using mouse injury models, showing the potential of this genetic reporter for studying PDGFRα-mediated signaling pathways and developing therapeutic strategies. Overall, the PDGFRα-GFP knock-in mouse line serves as a valuable tool for investigating the biology of PDGFRα and its role in normal development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Xufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zhihou Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Zhuonan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Xin Song
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China
| | - Mingjun Zhang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ximeng Han
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310030, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China; New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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24
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Li J, Wu Z, Zhao L, Liu Y, Su Y, Gong X, Liu F, Zhang L. The heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells: an important issue to be addressed in cell therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:381. [PMID: 38124129 PMCID: PMC10734083 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03587-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
With the continuous improvement of human technology, the medical field has gradually moved from molecular therapy to cellular therapy. As a safe and effective therapeutic tool, cell therapy has successfully created a research boom in the modern medical field. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are derived from early mesoderm and have high self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation ability, and have become one of the important cores of cell therapy research by virtue of their immunomodulatory and tissue repair capabilities. In recent years, the application of MSCs in various diseases has received widespread attention, but there are still various problems in the treatment of MSCs, among which the heterogeneity of MSCs may be one of the causes of the problem. In this paper, we review the correlation of MSCs heterogeneity to provide a basis for further reduction of MSCs heterogeneity and standardization of MSCs and hope to provide a reference for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Li
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Zewen Wu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030600, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yazhen Su
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Xueyan Gong
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Fancheng Liu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Liyun Zhang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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25
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Nookaew I, Xiong J, Onal M, Bustamante-Gomez C, Wanchai V, Fu Q, Kim HN, Almeida M, O'Brien CA. A framework for defining mesenchymal cell types associated with murine periosteal and endosteal bone. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.17.567528. [PMID: 38014179 PMCID: PMC10680810 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.17.567528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing has led to numerous novel designations for mesenchymal cell types associated with bone. Consequently, there are now multiple designations for what appear to be the same cell type. In addition, existing datasets contain relatively small numbers of mature osteoblasts and osteocytes and there has been no comparison of periosteal bone cells to those at the endosteum and trabecular bone. The main goals of this study were to increase the amount of single cell RNA sequence data for osteoblasts and osteocytes, to compare cells from the periosteum to those inside bone, and to clarify the major categories of cell types associated with murine bone. To do this, we created an atlas of murine bone-associated cells by harmonizing published datasets with in-house data from cells targeted by Osx1-Cre and Dmp1-Cre driver strains. Cells from periosteal bone were analyzed separately from those isolated from the endosteum and trabecular bone. Over 100,000 mesenchymal cells were mapped to reveal 11 major clusters designated fibro-1, fibro-2, chondrocytes, articular chondrocytes, tenocytes, adipo-CAR, osteo-CAR, pre-osteoblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteo-X, the latter defined in part by Postn expression. Osteo-X, osteo-CAR, and pre-osteoblasts were closely associated with osteoblasts at the trabecular bone surface. Wnt16 was expressed in multiple cell types from the periosteum but not in any cells from endocortical or cancellous bone. Fibro-2 cells, which express markers of skeletal stem cells, localized to the periosteum but not trabecular bone in adult mice. Suppressing bone remodeling eliminated osteoblasts and altered gene expression in pre-osteoblasts but did not change the abundance or location of osteo-X or osteo-CAR cells. These results provide a framework for identifying bone cell types in murine single cell RNA sequencing datasets and suggest that osteoblast progenitors reside near the surface of remodeling bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intawat Nookaew
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Jinhu Xiong
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Melda Onal
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Cecile Bustamante-Gomez
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Visanu Wanchai
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Qiang Fu
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Ha-Neui Kim
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Maria Almeida
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Charles A O'Brien
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
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26
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Malhotra A, Thebaud B, Paton MCB, Fleiss B, Papagianis P, Baker E, Bennet L, Yawno T, Elwood N, Campbell B, Chand K, Zhou L, Penny T, Nguyen T, Pepe S, Gunn AJ, McDonald CA. Advances in neonatal cell therapies: Proceedings of the First Neonatal Cell Therapies Symposium (2022). Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1631-1638. [PMID: 37380752 PMCID: PMC10624618 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable advances, there is a need to improve the outcomes of newborn infants, especially related to prematurity, encephalopathy and other conditions. In principle, cell therapies have the potential to protect, repair, or sometimes regenerate vital tissues; and improve or sustain organ function. In this review, we present highlights from the First Neonatal Cell Therapies Symposium (2022). Cells tested in preclinical and clinical studies include mesenchymal stromal cells from various sources, umbilical cord blood and cord tissue derived cells, and placental tissue and membrane derived cells. Overall, most preclinical studies suggest potential for benefit, but many of the cells tested were not adequately defined, and the optimal cell type, timing, frequency, cell dose or the most effective protocols for the targeted conditions is not known. There is as yet no clinical evidence for benefit, but several early phase clinical trials are now assessing safety in newborn babies. We discuss parental perspectives on their involvement in these trials, and lessons learnt from previous translational work of promising neonatal therapies. Finally, we make a call to the many research groups around the world working in this exciting yet complex field, to work together to make substantial and timely progress to address the knowledge gaps and move the field forward. IMPACT: Survival of preterm and sick newborn infants is improving, but they continue to be at high risk of many systemic and organ-specific complications. Cell therapies show promising results in preclinical models of various neonatal conditions and early phase clinical trials have been completed or underway. Progress on the potential utility of cell therapies for neonatal conditions, parental perspectives and translational aspects are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atul Malhotra
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Bernard Thebaud
- Regenerative Medicine Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) and CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Madison C B Paton
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute; Speciality of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Paris Papagianis
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Baker
- Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura Bennet
- Departments of Physiology and Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tamara Yawno
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ngaire Elwood
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Belinda Campbell
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kirat Chand
- Perinatal Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lindsay Zhou
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tayla Penny
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy Nguyen
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Salvatore Pepe
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alistair J Gunn
- Departments of Physiology and Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Courtney A McDonald
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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27
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Ranjan AK, Gulati A. Advances in Therapies to Treat Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6653. [PMID: 37892791 PMCID: PMC10607511 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a condition that results in brain damage in newborns due to insufficient blood and oxygen supply during or after birth. HIE is a major cause of neurological disability and mortality in newborns, with over one million neonatal deaths occurring annually worldwide. The severity of brain injury and the outcome of HIE depend on several factors, including the cause of oxygen deprivation, brain maturity, regional blood flow, and maternal health conditions. HIE is classified into mild, moderate, and severe categories based on the extent of brain damage and resulting neurological issues. The pathophysiology of HIE involves different phases, including the primary phase, latent phase, secondary phase, and tertiary phase. The primary and secondary phases are characterized by episodes of energy and cell metabolism failures, increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis, and activated microglia and inflammation in the brain. A tertiary phase occurs if the brain injury persists, characterized by reduced neural plasticity and neuronal loss. Understanding the cellular and molecular aspects of the different phases of HIE is crucial for developing new interventions and therapeutics. This review aims to discuss the pathophysiology of HIE, therapeutic hypothermia (TH), the only approved therapy for HIE, ongoing developments of adjuvants for TH, and potential future drugs for HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaresh K Ranjan
- Research and Development, Pharmazz Inc., Willowbrook, IL 60527, USA
| | - Anil Gulati
- Research and Development, Pharmazz Inc., Willowbrook, IL 60527, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
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28
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Asahina K, Ilangumaran S. Editorial: Mesenchymal and immune cell crosstalk in fibrotic diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1304773. [PMID: 37901219 PMCID: PMC10600018 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1304773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kinji Asahina
- Central Research Laboratory, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Subburaj Ilangumaran
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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29
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Shen Y, Wang M, Li S, Yang J. Current emerging novel therapies for Alzheimer's disease and the future prospects of magneto-mechanical force therapy. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:9404-9418. [PMID: 37721092 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01629c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease among the elderly, and the morbidity increases with the aging population aggravation. The clinical symptoms of AD mainly include cognitive impairment and memory loss, which undoubtedly bring a huge burden to families and society. Currently, the drugs in clinical use only improve the symptoms of AD but do not cure or prevent the progression of the disease. Therefore, it is urgent for us to develop novel therapeutic strategies for effective AD treatment. To provide a better theoretical basis for exploring novel therapeutic strategies in future AD treatment, this review introduces the recent AD treatment technologies from three aspects, including nanoparticle (NP) based drug therapy, biological therapy and physical therapy. The nanoparticle-mediated therapeutic approaches at the nanomaterial-neural interface and biological system are described in detail, and in particular the magneto-regulated strategies by magnetic field actuating magnetic nanoparticles are highlighted. Promising application of magneto-mechanical force regulated strategy in future AD treatment is also addressed, which offer possibilities for the remote manipulation in a precise manner. In the future, it may be possible for physicians to realize a remote, precise and effective therapy for AD using magneto-mechanical force regulated technology based on the combination of magnetic nanoparticles and an external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Shen
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Shutang Li
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
| | - Jinfei Yang
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences (Qingdao Municipal Hospital), Qingdao, China
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Collao N, D'Souza D, Messeiller L, Pilon E, Lloyd J, Larkin J, Ngu M, Cuillerier A, Green AE, Menzies KJ, Burelle Y, De Lisio M. Radiation induces long-term muscle fibrosis and promotes a fibrotic phenotype in fibro-adipogenic progenitors. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:2335-2349. [PMID: 37671686 PMCID: PMC10570115 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation-induced muscle pathology, characterized by muscle atrophy and fibrotic tissue accumulation, is the most common debilitating late effect of therapeutic radiation exposure particularly in juvenile cancer survivors. In healthy muscle, fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are required for muscle maintenance and regeneration, while in muscle pathology FAPs are precursors for exacerbated extracellular matrix deposition. However, the role of FAPs in radiation-induced muscle pathology has not previously been explored. METHODS Four-week-old Male CBA or C57Bl/6J mice received a single dose (16 Gy) of irradiation (IR) to a single hindlimb with the shielded contralateral limb (CLTR) serving as a non-IR control. Mice were sacrificed 3, 7, 14 (acute IR response), and 56 days post-IR (long-term IR response). Changes in skeletal muscle morphology, myofibre composition, muscle niche cellular dynamics, DNA damage, proliferation, mitochondrial respiration, and metabolism and changes in progenitor cell fate where assessed. RESULTS Juvenile radiation exposure resulted in smaller myofibre cross-sectional area, particularly in type I and IIA myofibres (P < 0.05) and reduced the proportion of type I myofibres (P < 0.05). Skeletal muscle fibrosis (P < 0.05) was evident at 56 days post-IR. The IR-limb had fewer endothelial cells (P < 0.05) and fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) (P < 0.05) at 56 days post-IR. Fewer muscle satellite (stem) cells were detected at 3 and 56 days in the IR-limb (P < 0.05). IR induced FAP senescence (P < 0.05), increased their fibrogenic differentiation (P < 0.01), and promoted their glycolytic metabolism. Further, IR altered the FAP secretome in a manner that impaired muscle satellite (stem) cell differentiation (P < 0.05) and fusion (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that following juvenile radiation exposure, FAPs contribute to long-term skeletal muscle atrophy and fibrosis. These findings provide rationale for investigating FAP-targeted therapies to ameliorate the negative late effects of radiation exposure in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Collao
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Éric Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular DiseaseUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Donna D'Souza
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Laura Messeiller
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Evan Pilon
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Jessica Lloyd
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Jillian Larkin
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Matthew Ngu
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Alexanne Cuillerier
- Interdisciplinary School of Health SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems BiologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Alexander E. Green
- Éric Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular DiseaseUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Interdisciplinary School of Health SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems BiologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Keir J. Menzies
- Éric Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular DiseaseUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Interdisciplinary School of Health SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ottawa Institute of Systems BiologyUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Yan Burelle
- Interdisciplinary School of Health SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
| | - Michael De Lisio
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Éric Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular DiseaseUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Regenerative Medicine ProgramUniversity of OttawaOttawaCanada
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31
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Ezzo M, Hinz B. Novel approaches to target fibroblast mechanotransduction in fibroproliferative diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 250:108528. [PMID: 37708995 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cells to sense and respond to changes in mechanical environment is vital in conditions of organ injury when the architecture of normal tissues is disturbed or lost. Among the various cellular players that respond to injury, fibroblasts take center stage in re-establishing tissue integrity by secreting and organizing extracellular matrix into stabilizing scar tissue. Activation, activity, survival, and death of scar-forming fibroblasts are tightly controlled by mechanical environment and proper mechanotransduction ensures that fibroblast activities cease after completion of the tissue repair process. Conversely, dysregulated mechanotransduction often results in fibroblast over-activation or persistence beyond the state of normal repair. The resulting pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix is called fibrosis, a condition that has been associated with over 40% of all deaths in the industrialized countries. Consequently, elements in fibroblast mechanotransduction are scrutinized for their suitability as anti-fibrotic therapeutic targets. We review the current knowledge on mechanically relevant factors in the fibroblast extracellular environment, cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesion structures, stretch-activated membrane channels, stress-regulated cytoskeletal structures, and co-transcription factors. We critically discuss the targetability of these elements in therapeutic approaches and their progress in pre-clinical and/or clinical trials to treat organ fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ezzo
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, and Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Tao T, Du L, Teng P, Guo Y, Wang X, Hu Y, Zhao H, Xu Q, Ma L. Stem cell antigen-1 +cell-derived fibroblasts are crucial for cardiac fibrosis during heart failure. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:300. [PMID: 37740736 PMCID: PMC11073062 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) present in the heart cannot differentiate into cardiomyocytes, but may play a role in pathological conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to scrutinise the role and mechanism of MSC differentiation in vivo during heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed single-cell RNA sequencing of total non-cardiomyocytes from murine and adult human hearts. By analysing the transcriptomes of single cells, we illustrated the dynamics of the cell landscape during the progression of heart hypertrophy, including those of stem cell antigen-1 (Sca1)+ stem/progenitor cells and fibroblasts. By combining genetic lineage tracing and bone marrow transplantation models, we demonstrated that non-bone marrow-derived Sca1+ cells give rise to fibroblasts. Interestingly, partial depletion of Sca1+ cells alleviated the severity of myocardial fibrosis and led to a significant improvement in cardiac function in Sca1-CreERT2;Rosa26-eGFP-DTA mice. Similar non-cardiomyocyte cell composition and heterogeneity were observed in human patients with heart failure. Mechanistically, our study revealed that Sca1+ cells can transform into fibroblasts and affect the severity of fibrosis through the Wnt4-Pdgfra pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study describes the cellular landscape of hypertrophic hearts and reveals that fibroblasts derived from Sca1+ cells with a non-bone marrow source largely account for cardiac fibrosis. These findings provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis and have potential therapeutic implications for heart failure. Non-bone marrow-derived Sca1+ cells differentiate into fibroblasts involved in cardiac fibrosis via Wnt4-PDGFRα pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Tao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Luping Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Peng Teng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xuyang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yanhua Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Haige Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Chen L, Pronk E, van Dijk C, Bian Y, Feyen J, van Tienhoven T, Yildirim M, Pisterzi P, de Jong MM, Bastidas A, Hoogenboezem RM, Wevers C, Bindels EM, Löwenberg B, Cupedo T, Sanders MA, Raaijmakers MH. A Single-Cell Taxonomy Predicts Inflammatory Niche Remodeling to Drive Tissue Failure and Outcome in Human AML. Blood Cancer Discov 2023; 4:394-417. [PMID: 37470778 PMCID: PMC10472197 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-23-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer initiation is orchestrated by an interplay between tumor-initiating cells and their stromal/immune environment. Here, by adapted single-cell RNA sequencing, we decipher the predicted signaling between tissue-resident hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) and their neoplastic counterparts with their native niches in the human bone marrow. LEPR+ stromal cells are identified as central regulators of hematopoiesis through predicted interactions with all cells in the marrow. Inflammatory niche remodeling and the resulting deprivation of critical HSPC regulatory factors are predicted to repress high-output hematopoietic stem cell subsets in NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML), with relative resistance of clonal cells. Stromal gene signatures reflective of niche remodeling are associated with reduced relapse rates and favorable outcomes after chemotherapy across all genetic risk categories. Elucidation of the intercellular signaling defining human AML, thus, predicts that inflammatory remodeling of stem cell niches drives tissue repression and clonal selection but may pose a vulnerability for relapse-initiating cells in the context of chemotherapeutic treatment. SIGNIFICANCE Tumor-promoting inflammation is considered an enabling characteristic of tumorigenesis, but mechanisms remain incompletely understood. By deciphering the predicted signaling between tissue-resident stem cells and their neoplastic counterparts with their environment, we identify inflammatory remodeling of stromal niches as a determinant of normal tissue repression and clinical outcomes in human AML. See related commentary by Lisi-Vega and Méndez-Ferrer, p. 349. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 337.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanpeng Chen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eline Pronk
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claire van Dijk
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yujie Bian
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Feyen
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tim van Tienhoven
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meltem Yildirim
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paola Pisterzi
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Madelon M.E. de Jong
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Alejandro Bastidas
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Chiel Wevers
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric M. Bindels
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bob Löwenberg
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Cupedo
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mathijs A. Sanders
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Wang L, Zhang H, Xiao X, Wang S, Zhao RC. Small Extracellular Vesicles Maintain Homeostasis of Senescent Mesenchymal Stem Cells at Least Through Excreting Harmful Lipids. Stem Cells Dev 2023; 32:565-579. [PMID: 37262010 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2023.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an essential role in multiple physiological processes in vivo and a promising cell-based therapy for various diseases. Nonetheless, MSCs suffer from senescence with expansion culture, leading to a limitation for their clinical application. Recently, it was reported that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are involved in regulation of senescence in tumor cells and fibroblasts. However, the biological roles of sEVs in senescent MSCs (Sen MSCs) are poorly understood. In this study, we established a replicative senescence model of MSCs by successive passages and compared the phenotypic changes between presenescent MSCs (Pre-Sen MSCs) and Sen MSCs and found that Sen MSCs exhibited a diminished adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential and elevated senescence-associated secretory phenotype levels. In addition, we found that sEV secretion was increased in Sen MSCs, and inhibition of sEV secretion led to apoptosis, DNA damage, and decreased cell viability, suggesting that increased sEV secretion plays an important role in maintaining Sen MSC homeostasis. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms, metabolomic profiling of Pre-Sen MSC-derived sEVs (Pre-Sen-sEVs) and Sen MSC-derived sEVs (Sen-sEVs) was performed. The results showed that lipid metabolites were significantly increased in Sen-sEVs and these significantly upregulated lipid metabolites were shown to be toxic for inducing cellular senescence and apoptosis in previous studies. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed enrichment of differential metabolites between Pre-Sen-sEVs and Sen-sEVs mainly in 25 signaling pathways, of which 21 metabolic pathways have been shown to be closely associated with senescence. Taken together, our findings suggested that increased sEV secretion maintains Sen MSC homeostasis, at least in part, by excreting harmful lipids, thus providing new insights into the regulation of senescence by sEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College; Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College; Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China
| | - Xian Xiao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College; Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College; Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College; Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy (BZ0381), Beijing, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Harris VK, Wollowitz J, Greenwald J, Carlson AL, Sadiq SA. Mesenchymal stem cell-neural progenitors are enriched in cell signaling molecules implicated in their therapeutic effect in multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290069. [PMID: 37566599 PMCID: PMC10420335 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-neural progenitors (MSC-NP) are a neural derivative of MSCs that are being investigated in clinical trials as an autologous intrathecal cell therapy to treat patients with secondary progressive (SP) or primary progressive (PP) multiple sclerosis (MS). MSC-NPs promote tissue repair through paracrine mechanisms, however which secreted factors mediate the therapeutic potential of MSC-NPs and how this cell population differs from MSCs remain poorly understood. The objective of this study was to define the transcriptional profile of MSCs and MSC-NPs from MS and non-MS donors to better characterize each cell population. MSCs derived from SPMS, PPMS, or non-MS bone marrow donors demonstrated minimal differential gene expression, despite differences in disease status. MSC-NPs from both MS and non-MS-donors exhibited significant differential gene expression compared to MSCs, with 2,156 and 1,467 genes upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Gene ontology analysis demonstrated pronounced downregulation of cell cycle genes in MSC-NPs compared to MSC consistent with reduced proliferation of MSC-NPs in vitro. In addition, MSC-NPs demonstrated significant enrichment of genes involved in cell signaling, cell communication, neuronal differentiation, chemotaxis, migration, and complement activation. These findings suggest that increased cell signaling and chemotactic capability of MSC-NPs may support their therapeutic potential in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violaine K. Harris
- Tisch Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jaina Wollowitz
- Tisch Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jacelyn Greenwald
- Tisch Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alyssa L. Carlson
- Tisch Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Saud A. Sadiq
- Tisch Multiple Sclerosis Research Center of New York, New York, New York, United States of America
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Ye G, Li J, Yu W, Xie Z, Zheng G, Liu W, Wang S, Cao Q, Lin J, Su Z, Li D, Che Y, Fan S, Wang P, Wu Y, Shen H. ALKBH5 facilitates CYP1B1 mRNA degradation via m6A demethylation to alleviate MSC senescence and osteoarthritis progression. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1743-1756. [PMID: 37524872 PMCID: PMC10474288 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving health and delaying aging is the focus of medical research. Previous studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) senescence is closely related to organic aging and the development of aging-related diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). m6A is a common RNA modification that plays an important role in regulating cell biological functions, and ALKBH5 is one of the key m6A demethylases. However, the role of m6A and ALKBH5 in MSC senescence is still unclear. Here, we found that the m6A level was enhanced and ALKBH5 expression was decreased in aging MSCs induced by multiple replications, H2O2 stimulation or UV irradiation. Downregulation of ALKBH5 expression facilitated MSC senescence by enhancing the stability of CYP1B1 mRNA and inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, IGF2BP1 was identified as the m6A reader restraining the degradation of m6A-modified CYP1B1 mRNA. Furthermore, Alkbh5 knockout in MSCs aggravated spontaneous OA in mice, and overexpression of Alkbh5 improved the efficacy of MSCs in OA. Overall, this study revealed a novel mechanism of m6A in MSC senescence and identified promising targets to protect against aging and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiwen Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Jinteng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Wenhui Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Zhongyu Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Guan Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Shan Wang
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Qian Cao
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Jiajie Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Zepeng Su
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Dateng Li
- Department of Statistical Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yunshu Che
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Shuai Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China.
| | - Yanfeng Wu
- Center for Biotherapy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China.
| | - Huiyong Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518033, PR China.
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Uwazie CC, Pirlot BM, Faircloth TU, Patel M, Parr RN, Zastre HM, Hematti P, Moll G, Rajan D, Chinnadurai R. Effects of Atrazine exposure on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells assessed by combinatorial assay matrix. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1214098. [PMID: 37588595 PMCID: PMC10426140 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1214098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem cells (MSCs) are an essential component of the regenerative and immunoregulatory stem cell compartment of the human body and thus of major importance in human physiology. The MSCs elicit their beneficial properties through a multitude of complementary mechanisms, which makes it challenging to assess their phenotype and function in environmental toxicity screening. We here employed the novel combinatorial assays matrix approach/technology to profile the MSC response to the herbicide Atrazine, which is a common environmental xenobiotic, that is in widespread agricultural use in the US and other countries, but banned in the EU. Our here presented approach is representative for screening the impact of environmental xenobiotics and toxins on MSCs as an essential representative component of human physiology and well-being. Methods We here employed the combinatorial assay matrix approach, including a panel of well standardized assays, such as flow cytometry, multiplex secretome analysis, and metabolic assays, to define the phenotype and functionality of human-donor-derived primary MSCs exposed to the representative xenobiotic Atrazine. This assay matrix approach is now also endorsed for characterization of cell therapies by leading regulatory agencies, such as FDA and EMA. Results Our results show that the exposure to Atrazine modulates the metabolic activity, size, and granularity of MSCs in a dose and time dependent manner. Intriguingly, Atrazine exposure leads to a broad modulation of the MSCs secretome (both upregulation and downmodulation of certain factors) with the identification of Interleukin-8 as the topmost upregulated representative secretory molecule. Interestingly, Atrazine attenuates IFNγ-induced upregulation of MHC-class-II, but not MHC-class-I, and early phosphorylation signals on MSCs. Furthermore, Atrazine exposure attenuates IFNγ responsive secretome of MSCs. Mechanistic knockdown analysis identified that the Atrazine-induced effector molecule Interleukin-8 affects only certain but not all the related angiogenic secretome of MSCs. Discussion The here described Combinatorial Assay Matrix Technology identified that Atrazine affects both the innate/resting and cytokine-induced/stimulated assay matrix functionality of human MSCs, as identified through the modulation of selective, but not all effector molecules, thus vouching for the great usefulness of this approach to study the impact of xenobiotics on this important human cellular subset involved in the regenerative healing responses in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal C. Uwazie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Bonnie M. Pirlot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Tyler U. Faircloth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Mihir Patel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Rhett N. Parr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Halie M. Zastre
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Peiman Hematti
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Guido Moll
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT) and Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies (BSRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Devi Rajan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
| | - Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA, United States
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Gao Y, Chi Y, Chen Y, Wang W, Li H, Zheng W, Zhu P, An J, Duan Y, Sun T, Liu X, Xue F, Liu W, Fu R, Han Z, Zhang Y, Yang R, Cheng T, Wei J, Zhang L, Zhang X. Multi-omics analysis of human mesenchymal stem cells shows cell aging that alters immunomodulatory activity through the downregulation of PD-L1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4373. [PMID: 37474525 PMCID: PMC10359415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39958-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess potent immunomodulatory activity and have been extensively investigated for their therapeutic potential in treating inflammatory disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive function of MSCs are not fully understood, hindering the development of standardized MSC-based therapies for clinical use. In this study, we profile the single-cell transcriptomes of MSCs isolated from adipose tissue (AD), bone marrow (BM), placental chorionic membrane (PM), and umbilical cord (UC). Our results demonstrate that MSCs undergo a progressive aging process and that the cellular senescence state influences their immunosuppressive activity by downregulating PD-L1 expression. Through integrated analysis of single-cell transcriptomic and proteomic data, we identify GATA2 as a regulator of MSC senescence and PD-L1 expression. Overall, our findings highlight the roles of cell aging and PD-L1 expression in modulating the immunosuppressive efficacy of MSCs and implicating perinatal MSC therapy for clinical applications in inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Ying Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yunfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wentian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Huiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wenting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jinying An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Yanan Duan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Ting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaofan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Feng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Rongfeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Zhibo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yingchi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Renchi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, CAMS Key Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Blood Diseases, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, 301600, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, 300384, China.
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Kadri N, Amu S, Iacobaeus E, Boberg E, Le Blanc K. Current perspectives on mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for graft versus host disease. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:613-625. [PMID: 37165014 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Graft versus host disease (GvHD) is the clinical condition in which bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been most frequently studied. In this review, we summarize the experience from clinical trials that have paved the way to translation. While MSC-based therapy has shown an exceptional safety profile, identifying potency assays and disease biomarkers that reliably predict the capacity of a specific MSC batch to alleviate GvHD has been difficult. As GvHD diagnosis and staging are based solely on clinical criteria, individual patients recruited in the same clinical trial may have vastly different underlying biology, obscuring trial outcomes and making it difficult to determine the benefit of MSCs in subgroups of patients. An accumulating body of evidence indicates the importance of considering not only the cell product but also patient-specific biomarkers and/or immune characteristics in determining MSC responsiveness. A mode of action where intravascular MSC destruction is followed by monocyte-efferocytosis-mediated skewing of the immune repertoire in a permissive inflammatory environment would both explain why cell engraftment is irrelevant for MSC efficacy and stress the importance of biologic differences between responding and nonresponding patients. We recommend a combined analysis of clinical outcomes and both biomarkers of disease activity and MSC potency assays to identify patients with GvHD who are likely to benefit from MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadir Kadri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sylvie Amu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellen Iacobaeus
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Boberg
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Haematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katarina Le Blanc
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Cell Therapies and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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40
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Miranda AMA, Janbandhu V, Maatz H, Kanemaru K, Cranley J, Teichmann SA, Hübner N, Schneider MD, Harvey RP, Noseda M. Single-cell transcriptomics for the assessment of cardiac disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:289-308. [PMID: 36539452 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally. An advanced understanding of cardiovascular disease mechanisms is required to improve therapeutic strategies and patient risk stratification. State-of-the-art, large-scale, single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomics facilitate the exploration of the cardiac cellular landscape at an unprecedented level, beyond its descriptive features, and can further our understanding of the mechanisms of disease and guide functional studies. In this Review, we provide an overview of the technical challenges in the experimental design of single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomics studies, as well as a discussion of the type of inferences that can be made from the data derived from these studies. Furthermore, we describe novel findings derived from transcriptomics studies for each major cardiac cell type in both health and disease, and from development to adulthood. This Review also provides a guide to interpreting the exhaustive list of newly identified cardiac cell types and states, and highlights the consensus and discordances in annotation, indicating an urgent need for standardization. We describe advanced applications such as integration of single-cell data with spatial transcriptomics to map genes and cells on tissue and define cellular microenvironments that regulate homeostasis and disease progression. Finally, we discuss current and future translational and clinical implications of novel transcriptomics approaches, and provide an outlook of how these technologies will change the way we diagnose and treat heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vaibhao Janbandhu
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Henrike Maatz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kazumasa Kanemaru
- Cellular Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - James Cranley
- Cellular Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Cellular Genetics Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- Deptartment of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
- Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Richard P Harvey
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michela Noseda
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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41
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Thébaud B. Stem cell therapies for neonatal lung diseases: Are we there yet? Semin Perinatol 2023; 47:151724. [PMID: 36967368 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2023.151724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Lung diseases are a main cause of mortality and morbidity in neonates. Despite major breakthroughs, therapies remain supportive and, in some instances, contribute to lung injury. Because the neonatal lung is still developing, the ideal therapy should be capable of preventing/repairing lung injury while at the same time, promoting lung growth. Cell-based therapies hold high hopes based on laboratory experiments in animal models of neonatal lung injury. Mesenchymal stromal cells and amnion epithelial cells are now in early phase clinical trials to test the feasibility, safety and early signs of efficacy in preterm infants at risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Other cell-based therapies are being explored in experimental models of congenital diaphragmatic hernia and alveolar capillary dysplasia. This review will summarize current evidence that has lead to the clinical translation of cell-based therapies and highlights controversies and the numerous questions that remain to be addressed to harness the putative repair potential of cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Thébaud
- Regenerative Medicine Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.; Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) and CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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42
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Uezumi A. Adipose tissue boosts muscle regeneration by supplying mesenchymal stromal cells. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023; 19:317-318. [PMID: 36991175 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00831-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Division of Cell Heterogeneity, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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43
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Yuan Z, Li Y, Zhang S, Wang X, Dou H, Yu X, Zhang Z, Yang S, Xiao M. Extracellular matrix remodeling in tumor progression and immune escape: from mechanisms to treatments. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:48. [PMID: 36906534 PMCID: PMC10007858 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01744-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The malignant tumor is a multi-etiological, systemic and complex disease characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and distant metastasis. Anticancer treatments including adjuvant therapies and targeted therapies are effective in eliminating cancer cells but in a limited number of patients. Increasing evidence suggests that the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in tumor development through changes in macromolecule components, degradation enzymes and stiffness. These variations are under the control of cellular components in tumor tissue via the aberrant activation of signaling pathways, the interaction of the ECM components to multiple surface receptors, and mechanical impact. Additionally, the ECM shaped by cancer regulates immune cells which results in an immune suppressive microenvironment and hinders the efficacy of immunotherapies. Thus, the ECM acts as a barrier to protect cancer from treatments and supports tumor progression. Nevertheless, the profound regulatory network of the ECM remodeling hampers the design of individualized antitumor treatment. Here, we elaborate on the composition of the malignant ECM, and discuss the specific mechanisms of the ECM remodeling. Precisely, we highlight the impact of the ECM remodeling on tumor development, including proliferation, anoikis, metastasis, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and immune escape. Finally, we emphasize ECM "normalization" as a potential strategy for anti-malignant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhennan Yuan
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yingpu Li
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Sifan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - He Dou
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhiren Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.,Institute of Metabolic Disease, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Metabolic Disorder and Cancer Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150000, China.
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Grigorieva O, Basalova N, Vigovskiy M, Arbatskiy M, Dyachkova U, Kulebyakina M, Kulebyakin K, Tyurin-Kuzmin P, Kalinina N, Efimenko A. Novel Potential Markers of Myofibroblast Differentiation Revealed by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Profibrotic and Adipogenic Conditions. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030840. [PMID: 36979822 PMCID: PMC10045579 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the key regulators of tissue homeostasis and repair after damage. Accumulating evidence indicates the dual contribution of MSCs into the development of fibrosis induced by chronic injury: these cells can suppress the fibrotic process due to paracrine activity, but their promoting role in fibrosis by differentiating into myofibroblasts has also been demonstrated. Many model systems reproducing fibrosis have shown the ability of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists to reverse myofibroblast differentiation. Thus, the differentiation of multipotent cells into myofibroblasts and adipocytes can be considered as processes that require the activation of opposite patterns of gene expression. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed single cell RNA-Seq transcriptome of human adipose tissue MSCs after stimulation of the myofibroblast or adipogenic differentiation and revealed several genes that changed their expression in a reciprocal manner upon these conditions. We validated the expression of selected genes by RT-PCR, and evaluated the upregulation of several relevant proteins using immunocytochemistry, refining the results obtained by RNA-Seq analysis. We have shown, for the first time, the expression of neurotrimin (NTM), previously studied mainly in the nervous tissue, in human adipose tissue MSCs, and demonstrated its increased gene expression and clustering of membrane receptors upon the stimulation of myofibroblast differentiation. We also showed an increased level of CHD3 (Chromodomain-Helicase-DNA-binding protein 3) in MSCs under profibrotic conditions, while retinol dehydrogenase-10 (RDH10) was detected only in MSCs after adipogenic induction, which contradicted the data of transcriptomic analysis and again highlights the need to validate the data obtained by omics methods. Our findings suggest the further analysis of the potential contribution of neurotrimin and CHD3 in the regulation of myofibroblast differentiation and the development of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Grigorieva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/10, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (M.V.); (K.K.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nataliya Basalova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/10, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (M.V.); (K.K.); (A.E.)
| | - Maksim Vigovskiy
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/10, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (M.V.); (K.K.); (A.E.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.); (U.D.); (M.K.); (P.T.-K.); (N.K.)
| | - Mikhail Arbatskiy
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.); (U.D.); (M.K.); (P.T.-K.); (N.K.)
| | - Uliana Dyachkova
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.); (U.D.); (M.K.); (P.T.-K.); (N.K.)
| | - Maria Kulebyakina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.); (U.D.); (M.K.); (P.T.-K.); (N.K.)
| | - Konstantin Kulebyakin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/10, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (M.V.); (K.K.); (A.E.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.); (U.D.); (M.K.); (P.T.-K.); (N.K.)
| | - Pyotr Tyurin-Kuzmin
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.); (U.D.); (M.K.); (P.T.-K.); (N.K.)
| | - Natalia Kalinina
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.); (U.D.); (M.K.); (P.T.-K.); (N.K.)
| | - Anastasia Efimenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/10, 119192 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (M.V.); (K.K.); (A.E.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.A.); (U.D.); (M.K.); (P.T.-K.); (N.K.)
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Mesenchymal stem-cell-derived microvesicles ameliorate MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in mice: a role of the gut-microbiota-brain axis. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:1103-1118. [PMID: 36881113 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06348-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Increasing evidence suggests the role of the gut-microbiota-brain axis in the pathogenesis of PD. Mesenchymal stem-cell-derived microvesicles (MSC-MVs) have emerged as a therapeutic potential for neurological disorders over the last years. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate whether MSC-MVs could improve PD-like neurotoxicity in mice after administration of MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine). RESULTS MPTP-induced reductions in the dopamine transporter and tyrosine hydroxylase expressions in the striatum and substantia nigra (SNr) were attenuated after a subsequent single administration of MSC-MVs. Increases in the phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-α-Syn)/α-Syn ratio in the striatum, SNr, and colon after MPTP injection were also attenuated after MSC-MVs injection. Furthermore, MSC-MVs restored MPTP-induced abnormalities of the gut microbiota composition. Interestingly, positive correlations between the genus Dubosiella and the p-α-Syn/α-Syn ratio were observed in the brain and colon, suggesting their roles in the gut-microbiota-brain communication. Moreover, MSC-MVs attenuated MPTP-induced reduction of the metabolite, 3,6-dihydroxy-2-[3-methoxy-4-(sulfooxy)phenyl]-7-(sulfinooxy)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5-olate, in the blood. Interestingly, a negative correlation between this compound and the p-α-Syn/α-Syn ratio was observed in the brain and colon. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that MSC-MVs could ameliorate MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in the brain and colon via the gut-microbiota-brain axis. Therefore, MSC-MVs would have a new therapeutic potential for neurological disorders such as PD.
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Jung JW, Park SY, Seo EJ, Jang IH, Park Y, Lee D, Kim D, Kim JM. Functional expression of oxytocin receptors in pulp-dentin complex. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121977. [PMID: 36580714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp-derived stromal cells (DPSCs) are a crucial cell population for maintaining the tissue integrity of the pulp-dentin complex. The oxytocin receptor (OXTR), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, plays versatile roles in diverse biological contexts. However, the role of OXTR in dental pulp has not yet been fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the biological functions and significance of OXTR in DPSCs through a multidisciplinary approach. Microarray data of 494 GPCR genes revealed high OXTR expression in human DPSCs (hDPSCs). Blocking OXTR activity increased the expression of osteogenic and odontogenic marker genes, promoting hDPSC differentiation. Additionally, we found that OXTR is involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling through the regulation of the gene expression related to ECM homeostasis. We further demonstrated that these genetic changes are mediated by trascriptional activity of Yes-associated protein (YAP). Based on the results, a preclinical experiment was performed using an animal model, demonstrating that the application of an OXTR inhibitor to damaged pulp induced significant hard tissue formation. These results provide new insight into the oxytocin-OXTR system in the regenerative process of pulp-dentin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Won Jung
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Seo
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea; Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasun Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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47
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Xu J, Lin Y, Tian M, Li X, Yin Y, Li Q, Li Z, Zhou J, Jiang X, Li Y, Chen S. Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Enhance Tension-Induced Osteogenesis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:388-398. [PMID: 36538768 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tension-induced osteogenesis has great significance in maintaining bone homeostasis and ensuring the efficiency and stability of orthodontic treatment. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown great potential in regulating bone remodeling. Here, we aimed to explore the effects of periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC)-derived EVs on tension-induced osteogenesis and the potential mechanism. PDLSC-derived EVs were extracted by ultracentrifugation. In vitro, PDLSC-derived EVs of 10 μg/mL significantly improved the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells and enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts under a tensile strain of 2000 uε. Next, a mouse model of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) was established and treated with subperiosteal injection of PDLSC-derived EVs (1 mg/kg) on the tension side. The results showed that treatment with PDLSC-derived EVs effectively enhanced OTM and promoted osteogenesis on the tension side, including increasing trabecular bone parameters and promoting the expression of osteogenic-related biomarkers (OCN and OPN). More interestingly, we identified several mechano-sensitive miRNAs enriched in PDLSC-derived EVs by high-throughput miRNA sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that they were related to various osteogenesis-related signaling pathways. Therefore, PDLSC-derived EVs could improve the efficiency of OTM by enhancing tension-induced osteogenesis of osteoblasts. Our study may provide potential evidence for the promoting effects of PDLSC-derived EVs on osteogenesis and offer new insights into the development of treatment strategies for enhancing osteogenesis in orthodontic treatment and other metabolic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Mi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, China
| | - Qiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ziyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jialiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoge Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yulin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Song Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, #14, 3rd Section, Ren Min S Rd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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48
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Schuster R, Younesi F, Ezzo M, Hinz B. The Role of Myofibroblasts in Physiological and Pathological Tissue Repair. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:cshperspect.a041231. [PMID: 36123034 PMCID: PMC9808581 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Myofibroblasts are the construction workers of wound healing and repair damaged tissues by producing and organizing collagen/extracellular matrix (ECM) into scar tissue. Scar tissue effectively and quickly restores the mechanical integrity of lost tissue architecture but comes at the price of lost tissue functionality. Fibrotic diseases caused by excessive or persistent myofibroblast activity can lead to organ failure. This review defines myofibroblast terminology, phenotypic characteristics, and functions. We will focus on the central role of the cell, ECM, and tissue mechanics in regulating tissue repair by controlling myofibroblast action. Additionally, we will discuss how therapies based on mechanical intervention potentially ameliorate wound healing outcomes. Although myofibroblast physiology and pathology affect all organs, we will emphasize cutaneous wound healing and hypertrophic scarring as paradigms for normal tissue repair versus fibrosis. A central message of this review is that myofibroblasts can be activated from multiple cell sources, varying with local environment and type of injury, to either restore tissue integrity and organ function or create an inappropriate mechanical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronen Schuster
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3E2 Ontario, Canada
| | - Fereshteh Younesi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3E2 Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Maya Ezzo
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3E2 Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3E2 Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
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49
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Wu Y, Liu M, Zhou H, He X, Shi W, Yuan Q, Zuo Y, Li B, Hu Q, Xie Y. COX-2/PGE 2/VEGF signaling promotes ERK-mediated BMSCs osteogenic differentiation under hypoxia by the paracrine action of ECs. Cytokine 2023; 161:156058. [PMID: 36209650 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the crosstalk between endothelial cells (ECs) and bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in response to hypoxic environments and deciphering of the underlying mechanisms are of great relevance for better application of BMSCs in tissue engineering. Here, we demonstrated that hypoxia promoted BMSCs proliferation, colony formation, osteogenic markers expression, mineralization, and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and that PD98059 (ERK inhibitor) blocked hypoxia-induced osteogenic differentiation. Hypoxia enhanced ECs migration, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and integrin αvβ3 expression, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion. NS398 (selective COX-2 inhibitor) and LM609 (integrin αvβ3 specific inhibitor) impaired the ECs response to hypoxia, and exogenous PGE2 partially reversed the effects of NS398. BMSCs: ECs co-culture under hypoxia upregulated BMSCs osteogenesis and ERK phosphorylation, as well as ECs migration, integrin αvβ3 expression, and PGE2 and VEGF secretion. NS398 (pretreated ECs) lessened PGE2, VEGF concentrations of the co-culture system. NS398-treated ECs and AH6809 (combined EP1/2 antagonist)/L-798106 (selective EP3 antagonist)/L-161982 (selective EP4 antagonist)/SU5416 [VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor]-treated BMSCs impaired the co-cultured ECs-induced enhancement of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, hypoxia enhances BMSCs proliferation and ERK-mediated osteogenic differentiation, and augments the COX-2-dependent PGE2 and VEGF release, integrin αvβ3 expression, and migration of ECs. COX-2/PGE2/VEGF signaling is involved in intercellular BMSCs: ECs communication under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeke Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hongling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiang He
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Gynaecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qianghua Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yuling Zuo
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qiongying Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, PR China.
| | - Yunfei Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, PR China.
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50
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Zhang Y, Xu X, Cheng H, Zhou F. AIM2 and Psoriasis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1085448. [PMID: 36742336 PMCID: PMC9889639 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1085448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease occurring worldwide, with multiple systemic complications, which seriously affect the quality of life and physical and mental health of patients. The pathogenesis of psoriasis is related to the environment, genetics, epigenetics, and dysregulation of immune cells such as T cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and nonimmune cells such as keratinocytes. Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), a susceptibility gene locus for psoriasis, has been strongly linked to the genetic and epigenetic aspects of psoriasis and increased in expression in psoriatic keratinocytes. AIM2 was found to be activated in an inflammasome-dependent way to release IL-1β and IL-18 to mediate inflammation, and to participate in immune regulation in psoriasis, or in an inflammasome-independent way by regulating the function of regulatory T(Treg) cells or programming cell death in keratinocytes as well as controlling the proliferative state of different cells. AIM2 may also play a role in the recurrence of psoriasis by trained immunity. In this review, we will elaborate on the characteristics of AIM2 and how AIM2 mediates the development of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Fusheng Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, China
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