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Guan S, Xia Y, Wang H, Yang S, Zhou L. Detection of urinary foam cells diagnosing the XGP with thrombopenia preoperatively: a case report. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:e240-e243. [PMID: 38547505 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaonian Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 585250 the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Urology, 585250 the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 585250 the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Pathology, 585250 the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lijing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 585250 the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing, P.R. China
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Kordi N, Sanaei M, Akraminia P, Yavari S, Saydi A, Abadi FK, Heydari N, Jung F, Karami S. PANoptosis and cardiovascular disease: The preventive role of exercise training. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024:CH242396. [PMID: 39269827 DOI: 10.3233/ch-242396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Regulated cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is vital for the body's defense system. Recent research suggests that these three types of cell death are interconnected, giving rise to a new concept called PANoptosis. PANoptosis has been linked to various diseases, making it crucial to comprehend its mechanism for effective treatments. PANoptosis is controlled by upstream receptors and molecular signals, which form polymeric complexes known as PANoptosomes. Cell death combines necroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis and cannot be fully explained by any of these processes alone. Understanding pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis is essential for understanding PANoptosis. Physical exercise has been shown to suppress pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling pathways by reducing inflammatory factors, proapoptotic factors, and necroptotic factors such as caspases and TNF-alpha. This ultimately leads to a decrease in cardiac structural remodeling. The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health may be attributed to its ability to inhibit these cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Kordi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Peyman Akraminia
- Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Iran
| | - Sajad Yavari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Saydi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khamis Abadi
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran
| | - Naser Heydari
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Sajad Karami
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
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Khan AW, Aziz M, Sourris KC, Lee MKS, Dai A, Watson AMD, Maxwell S, Sharma A, Zhou Y, Cooper ME, Calkin AC, Murphy AJ, Baratchi S, Jandeleit-Dahm KAM. The Role of Activator Protein-1 Complex in Diabetes-Associated Atherosclerosis: Insights From Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Diabetes 2024; 73:1495-1512. [PMID: 38905153 DOI: 10.2337/db23-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite advances in treatment, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes. Even when risk factors are mitigated, the disease progresses, and thus, newer targets need to be identified that directly inhibit the underlying pathobiology of atherosclerosis in diabetes. A single-cell sequencing approach was used to distinguish the proatherogenic transcriptional profile in aortic cells in diabetes using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic Apoe-/- mouse model. Human carotid endarterectomy specimens from individuals with and without diabetes were also evaluated via immunohistochemical analysis. Further mechanistic studies were performed in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and human THP-1-derived macrophages. We then performed a preclinical study using an activator protein-1 (AP-1) inhibitor in a diabetic Apoe-/- mouse model. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis identified the AP-1 complex as a novel target in diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. AP-1 levels were elevated in carotid endarterectomy specimens from individuals with diabetes compared with those without diabetes. AP-1 was validated as a mechanosensitive transcription factor via immunofluorescence staining for regional heterogeneity of endothelial cells of the aortic region exposed to turbulent blood flow and by performing microfluidics experiments in HAECs. AP-1 inhibition with T-5224 blunted endothelial cell activation as assessed by a monocyte adhesion assay and expression of genes relevant to endothelial function. Furthermore, AP-1 inhibition attenuated foam cell formation. Critically, treatment with T-5224 attenuated atherosclerosis development in diabetic Apoe-/- mice. This study has identified the AP-1 complex as a novel target, the inhibition of which treats the underlying pathobiology of atherosclerosis in diabetes. ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Waheed Khan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Misbah Aziz
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karly C Sourris
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Man K S Lee
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aozhi Dai
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna M D Watson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Scott Maxwell
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Arpeeta Sharma
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ying Zhou
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark E Cooper
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna C Calkin
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Sara Baratchi
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Karin A M Jandeleit-Dahm
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany
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Zheng Y, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zhang R, Wei H, Yan X, Jiang X, Yang L. MCC950 as a promising candidate for blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation: A review of preclinical research and future directions. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400459. [PMID: 39180246 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key component of the innate immune system that triggers inflammation and pyroptosis and contributes to the development of several diseases. Therefore, blocking the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has therapeutic potential for the treatment of these diseases. MCC950, a selective small molecule inhibitor, has emerged as a promising candidate for blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Ongoing research is focused on elucidating the specific targets of MCC950 as well as assessfing its metabolism and safety profile. This review discusses the diseases that have been studied in relation to MCC950, with a focus on stroke, Alzheimer's disease, liver injury, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and sepsis, using bibliometric analysis. It then summarizes the potential pharmacological targets of MCC950 and discusses its toxicity. Furthermore, it traces the progression from preclinical to clinical research for the treatment of these diseases. Overall, this review provides a solid foundation for the clinical therapeutic potential of MCC950 and offers insights for future research and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Zheng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Huayuan Wei
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Xu Yan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinghai, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Medicial Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, Jinghai, China
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Sun HJ, Lu QB, Zhu XX, Ni ZR, Su JB, Fu X, Chen G, Zheng GL, Nie XW, Bian JS. Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide and Its Donors in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:846-895. [PMID: 38866561 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are major contributors to global mortality, emphasizing the critical need for novel therapeutic interventions. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has garnered enormous attention as a significant gasotransmitter with various physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological impacts within mammalian cardiometabolic systems. In addition to its roles in attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response, burgeoning research emphasizes the significance of H2S in regulating proteins via persulfidation, a well known modification intricately associated with the pathogenesis of CMDs. This review seeks to investigate recent updates on the physiological actions of endogenous H2S and the pharmacological roles of various H2S donors in addressing diverse aspects of CMDs across cellular, animal, and clinical studies. Of note, advanced methodologies, including multiomics, intestinal microflora analysis, organoid, and single-cell sequencing techniques, are gaining traction due to their ability to offer comprehensive insights into biomedical research. These emerging approaches hold promise in characterizing the pharmacological roles of H2S in health and diseases. We will critically assess the current literature to clarify the roles of H2S in diseases while also delineating the opportunities and challenges they present in H2S-based pharmacotherapy for CMDs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This comprehensive review covers recent developments in H2S biology and pharmacology in cardiometabolic diseases CMDs. Endogenous H2S and its donors show great promise for the management of CMDs by regulating numerous proteins and signaling pathways. The emergence of new technologies will considerably advance the pharmacological research and clinical translation of H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jian Sun
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Qing-Bo Lu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xue-Xue Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Zhang-Rong Ni
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Jia-Bao Su
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xiao Fu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Guo Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Guan-Li Zheng
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Xiao-Wei Nie
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (H.-J.S., X.-X.Z., Z.-R.N., J.-B.S., X.F., G.C., G.-L.Z.); Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China (Q.-B.L.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (X.-W.N.); and Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China (J.-S.B.)
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Shen L, Bi Y, Yu J, Zhong Y, Chen W, Zhao Z, Ding J, Shu G, Chen M, Lu C, Ji J. The biological applications of near-infrared optical nanomaterials in atherosclerosis. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:478. [PMID: 39135099 PMCID: PMC11320980 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Atherosclerosis, a highly pathogenic and lethal disease, is difficult to locate accurately via conventional imaging because of its scattered and deep lesions. However, second near-infrared (NIR-II) nanomaterials show great application potential in the tracing of atherosclerotic plaques due to their excellent penetration and angiographic capabilities. RECENT FINDINGS With the development of nanotechnology, among many nanomaterials available for the visual diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, optical nanomaterials provide strong support for various biomedical applications because of their advantages, such as noninvasive, nondestructive and molecular component imaging. Among optical nanomaterials of different wavelengths, NIR-II-range (900 ~ 1700 nm) nanomaterials have been gradually applied in the visual diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis and other vascular diseases because of their deep biological tissue penetration and limited background interference. This review explored in detail the prospects and challenges of the biological imaging and clinical application of NIR-II nanomaterials in treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yanran Bi
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Junchao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jiayi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Gaofeng Shu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Chenying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No 289, Kuocang Road, Lishui, 323000, China.
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Toprak K, Kaplangöray M, Karataş M, Dursun A, Arğa Y, Tascanov MB, Biçer A, Demirbağ R. Atherogenic Combined Index: Validation of a Novel Predictive Lipid Biomarker for the Presence and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103065. [PMID: 39098112 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The balance between atherogenic and antiatherogenic lipid particles significantly influences coronary artery disease (CAD), as an imbalance may contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerosis, which affects the risk and severity of CAD. This study aims to introduce and validate the atherogenic combined index (ACI) as a novel lipid biomarker that, comprehensively assesses the balance between atherogenic and antiatherogenic particles in the blood to effectively reflect the cumulative atherogenic effect and its association with the presence and severity of CAD. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 1,830 patients diagnosed with CAD and a total of 650 patients without CAD were included in the study cohort for comprehensive analysis and comparison. Based on the tertiles of the SYNTAX score (SS), three subgroups of patients with CAD were identified. ACI and other atherogenic indices were compared to predict the presence and severity of CAD. RESULTS The levels of ACI and other non-traditional lipid markers levels were higher in the CAD group compared to the non-CAD group (p <0.05, for all). ACI showed a good linear association with the SYNTAX score (r = 0.527; p <0.001). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that ACI was an independent predictor of the presence (OR: 1.602, 95% CI: 1.509-1.701, p <0.001) and severity (OR: 1.296, 95% CI: 1.243-1.351, p <0.001) of CAD after adjustment for various confounders. CONCLUSION The results suggest that ACI may serve as a promising and stronger tool for predicting the presence and severity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Toprak
- Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kaplangöray
- Şeyh Edebali University, Medical Faculty, Department of Cardiology, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Mesut Karataş
- Kartal Koşuyolu High Specialization Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayten Dursun
- Şanlıurfa Provincial Health Directorate, Nursing Department, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Yakup Arğa
- Viranşehir State Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | | | - Asuman Biçer
- Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Recep Demirbağ
- Harran University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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He M, Shi J, Xu YJ, Liu Y. Cannabidiol (CBD) Inhibits Foam Cell Formation via Regulating Cholesterol Homeostasis and Lipid Metabolism. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2400154. [PMID: 38932553 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE The cannabidiol (CBD) in hemp oil has important pharmacological activities. Accumulating evidence suggests that CBD is beneficial in the cardiovascular system and has been applied as a health supplement for atherosclerosis. However, the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigates the impact of CBD on foam cell formation, cholesterol homeostasis, and lipid metabolism in macrophages. CBD elevates the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and its associated targets, such as ATP binding transporter A1/G1 (ABCA1/ABCG1), thus reducing foam cell formation, and increasing cholesterol efflux within macrophages. Notably, the upregulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression induced by CBD is found to be attenuated by both a PPARγ inhibitor and PPARγ small interfering RNA (siRNA). Moreover, transfection of PPARγ siRNA results in a decrease in the inhibitory effect of CBD on foam cell formation and promotion of cholesterol efflux. Through lipidomics analysis, the study finds that CBD significantly reverses the enhancement of ceramide (Cer). Correlation analysis indicates a negative association between Cer level and the expression of ABCA1/ABCG1. CONCLUSION This study confirms that CBD can be an effective therapeutic candidate for atherosclerosis treatment by activating PPARγ, up-regulating ABCA1/ABCG1 expression, and down-regulating Cer level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jiachen Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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Guan M, Hu H, Qi D, Qin X, Wan Q. Inverse relationship between LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and atrial fibrillation in chronic kidney disease patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17721. [PMID: 39085307 PMCID: PMC11291658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is more prevalent in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared to the general population. While a potential inverse correlation between lipid levels and AF has been proposed, it remains unclear if this relationship applies to CKD patients. This study examined the connection between the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) and the likelihood of AF in CKD patients. Data was gathered from 21,091 consecutive CKD patients between 2006 and December 31, 2015. We examined the link between the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and AF in CKD patients through binary logistic regression, as well as various sensitivity and subgroup analyses. The dataset that backs up these analyses is available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0230189 . Of the 21,091 CKD patients, 211 (1.00%) were diagnosed with AF. The cohort, predominantly male (79.93%), had a mean age of 60.89 ± 10.05 years. The mean LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was 1.39 ± 0.35. After adjusting for covariates, a significant inverse association was observed between the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and the incidence of AF in CKD patients (OR = 0.422, 95% CI 0.273-0.652, P = 0.00010). The robustness of these findings was confirmed through sensitivity analysis. Subgroup analysis revealed a strong correlation between the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and incident AF in patients without hypertension (HR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.15-0.45). Conversely, this association was absent in hypertensive patients (HR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.54-2.17). Our research shows an independent inverse correlation between the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and the risk of AF in CKD patients. It is advised to refrain from excessively aggressive reduction of LDL levels in CKD patients, as this could elevate the risk of developing AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijie Guan
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, No. 3002 Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haofei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, No. 3002 Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dongli Qi
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, No. 3002 Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xun Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Hechi People's Hospital, No. 455 Jincheng Middle Road, Jinchengjiang District, Hechi, 547000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Qijun Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, No. 3002 Sungang Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China.
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China.
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10
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Chen P, Li X. NLRP3 inflammasome in atherosclerosis: Mechanisms and targeted therapies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1430236. [PMID: 39144618 PMCID: PMC11322363 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1430236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the primary pathology behind various cardiovascular diseases and the leading cause of death and disability globally. Recent evidence suggests that AS is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease caused by multiple factors. In this context, the NLRP3 inflammasome, acting as a signal transducer of the immune system, plays a critical role in the onset and progression of AS. The NLRP3 inflammasome is involved in endothelial injury, foam cell formation, and pyroptosis in AS. Therefore, targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome offers a new treatment strategy for AS. This review highlights the latest insights into AS pathogenesis and the pharmacological therapies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome, focusing on optimal targets for small molecule inhibitors. These insights are valuable for rational drug design and the pharmacological assessment of new targeted NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors in treating AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Xia Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
- Shandong Kelun Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Binzhou, China
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11
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Xue Q, Ma Y, Shao H. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Protect Against Atherosclerosis Through Alleviating Foam Cell Formation and Macrophage Polarization. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:263. [PMID: 38997545 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
This study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Ba) on atherosclerosis (AS). THP-1 monocyte was differentiated to THP-1 macrophage (THP-M) through phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. After pre-treatment by 108 cfu/ml Ba lasting 6 h, THP-M was induced with 100 mg/l ox-LDL lasting 48 h to form macrophage foam cell (THP-F). RT-qPCR and flow cytometry were employed to determine the polarization of THP-M and THP-F. ApoE-/- mice with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet were used for constructing an AS model to evaluate the effect of Ba on AS. Our in vitro results showed that Ba vegetative cells pre-treatment distinctly inhibited the levels of iNOS and CD16/CD32 (M1 macrophage markers), and increased the levels of FIZZ1, Ym1, Arg1, CD163, and CD206 (M2 macrophage markers), indicating that Ba pre-treatment promoted anti-inflammatory M2-like polarization both in THP-M and THP-F. Meanwhile, it also suppressed cholesterol uptake, esterification, and hydrolysis, and efflux by THP-M and THP-F. Additionally, our animal experiments demonstrated that Ba vegetative cells treatment suppressed high cholesterol, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and the release of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) in ApoE-/- AS mice. In a word, our results indicated that Ba may protect against AS through alleviating foam cell formation and macrophage polarization through targeting certain stages of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, No. 158 Shangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Sun X, Jia X, Tan Z, Fan D, Chen M, Cui N, Liu A, Liu D. Oral Nanoformulations in Cardiovascular Medicine: Advances in Atherosclerosis Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:919. [PMID: 39065770 PMCID: PMC11279631 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the formation of atherosclerotic plaques on the walls of the arteries, causing them to narrow. If this occurs in the coronary arteries, the blood vessels may be completely blocked, resulting in myocardial infarction; if it occurs in the blood vessels of the brain, the blood vessels may be blocked, resulting in cerebral infarction, i.e., stroke. Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves the processes of inflammation, lipid infiltration, oxidative stress, and endothelial damage, etc. SIRT, as a key factor regulating the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress, inflammation, and aging, has an important impact on the pathogenesis of plaque formation, progression, and vulnerability. Statistics show that AS accounts for about 50 per cent of deaths in Western countries. Currently, oral medication is the mainstay of AS treatment, but its development is limited by side effects, low bioavailability and other unfavourable factors. In recent years, with the rapid development of nano-preparations, researchers have combined statins and natural product drugs within nanopreparations to improve their bioavailability. Based on this, this paper summarises the main pathogenesis of AS and also proposes new oral nanoformulations such as liposomes, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and nanocapsules to improve their application in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aidong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (X.S.); (X.J.); (Z.T.); (D.F.); (M.C.); (N.C.)
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; (X.S.); (X.J.); (Z.T.); (D.F.); (M.C.); (N.C.)
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13
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Thapa R, Moglad E, Afzal M, Gupta G, Bhat AA, Almalki WH, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Pant K, Ali H, Paudel KR, Dureja H, Singh TG, Singh SK, Dua K. ncRNAs and their impact on dopaminergic neurons: Autophagy pathways in Parkinson's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102327. [PMID: 38734148 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a complex neurological illness that causes severe motor and non-motor symptoms due to a gradual loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The aetiology of PD is influenced by a variety of genetic, environmental, and cellular variables. One important aspect of this pathophysiology is autophagy, a crucial cellular homeostasis process that breaks down and recycles cytoplasmic components. Recent advances in genomic technologies have unravelled a significant impact of ncRNAs on the regulation of autophagy pathways, thereby implicating their roles in PD onset and progression. They are members of a family of RNAs that include miRNAs, circRNA and lncRNAs that have been shown to play novel pleiotropic functions in the pathogenesis of PD by modulating the expression of genes linked to autophagic activities and dopaminergic neuron survival. This review aims to integrate the current genetic paradigms with the therapeutic prospect of autophagy-associated ncRNAs in PD. By synthesizing the findings of recent genetic studies, we underscore the importance of ncRNAs in the regulation of autophagy, how they are dysregulated in PD, and how they represent novel dimensions for therapeutic intervention. The therapeutic promise of targeting ncRNAs in PD is discussed, including the barriers that need to be overcome and future directions that must be embraced to funnel these ncRNA molecules for the treatment and management of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Thapa
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India.
| | - Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kumud Pant
- Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India; Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India
| | - Haider Ali
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Department of Pharmacology, Kyrgyz State Medical College, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre of Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
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14
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Tan M, Wang J, Chen Z, Xie X. Exploring global research trends in Chinese medicine for atherosclerosis: a bibliometric study 2012-2023. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1400130. [PMID: 38952541 PMCID: PMC11216286 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1400130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background While Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) boasts an extensive historical lineage and abundant clinical expertise in addressing atherosclerosis, this field is yet to be penetrated adequately by bibliometric studies. This study is envisaged to evaluate the contemporary scenario of TCM in conjunction with atherosclerosis over the preceding decade while also identifying forthcoming research trends and emerging topics via the lens of bibliometric analysis. Methods Literature pertaining to TCM and atherosclerosis, circulated between January 1, 2012 and November 14, 2023, was garnered for the purpose of this research. The examination embraced annual publications, primary countries/regions, engaged institutions and authors, scholarly journals, references, and keywords, utilizing analytical tools like Bibliometrix, CiteSpace, ScimagoGraphica, and VOSviewer present in the R package. Result This field boasts a total of 1,623 scholarly articles, the majority of which have been contributed by China in this field, with significant contributions stemming from the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Moreover, this field has received financial support from both the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Key Basic Research Development Program. Wang Yong tops the list in terms of publication count, while Xu Hao's articles take the lead for the total number of citations, positioning them at the core of the authors' collaborative network. The Journal of Ethnopharmacology leads with the most publications and boasts the greatest total number of citations. Principal research foci within the intersection of Chinese Medicine and Atherosclerosis encompass disease characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms, theoretical underpinnings and syndrome-specific treatments in Chinese medicine, potentialities of herbal interventions, and modulation exerted by Chinese medicines on gut microbiota. Conclusion This analysis offers a sweeping survey of the contemporary condition, principal foci, and progressive trends in worldwide research related to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and atherosclerosis. It further delves into an in-depth dissection of prominent countries, research institutions, and scholars that have made noteworthy strides in this discipline. Additionally, the report analyzes the most cited articles, research developments, and hotspots in the field, providing a reference for future research directions for clinical researchers and practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moye Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jiuyuan Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengxin Chen
- College of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Xie
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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15
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Zhao S, Guo H, Qiu L, Zhong C, Xue J, Qin M, Zhang Y, Xu C, Xie Y, Yu J. Saponins from Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus attenuate atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage foam cell formation and inflammation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12917. [PMID: 38839811 PMCID: PMC11153636 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus (AMB) is a traditional Chinese medicine with medicinal and food homology. AMB has various biological activities, including anti-coagulation, lipid-lowering, anti-tumor, and antioxidant effects. Saponins from Allium macrostemonis Bulbus (SAMB), the predominant beneficial compounds, also exhibited lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of SAMB on atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the pharmacological impact of SAMB on atherosclerosis. In apolipoprotein E deficiency (ApoE-/-) mice with high-fat diet feeding, oral SAMB administration significantly attenuated inflammation and atherosclerosis plaque formation. The in vitro experiments demonstrated that SAMB effectively suppressed oxidized-LDL-induced foam cell formation by down-regulating CD36 expression, thereby inhibiting lipid endocytosis in bone marrow-derived macrophages. Additionally, SAMB effectively blocked LPS-induced inflammatory response in bone marrow-derived macrophages potentially through modulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. In conclusion, SAMB exhibits a potential anti-atherosclerotic effect by inhibiting macrophage foam cell formation and inflammation. These findings provide novel insights into potential preventive and therapeutic strategies for the clinical management of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutian Zhao
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huijun Guo
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jing Xue
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Manman Qin
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuanming Xu
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Yanfei Xie
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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16
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Chen R, Zhang H, Tang B, Luo Y, Yang Y, Zhong X, Chen S, Xu X, Huang S, Liu C. Macrophages in cardiovascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:130. [PMID: 38816371 PMCID: PMC11139930 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01840-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The immune response holds a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease development. As multifunctional cells of the innate immune system, macrophages play an essential role in initial inflammatory response that occurs following cardiovascular injury, thereby inducing subsequent damage while also facilitating recovery. Meanwhile, the diverse phenotypes and phenotypic alterations of macrophages strongly associate with distinct types and severity of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, valvular disease, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, atherosclerosis and aneurysm, which underscores the importance of investigating macrophage regulatory mechanisms within the context of specific diseases. Besides, recent strides in single-cell sequencing technologies have revealed macrophage heterogeneity, cell-cell interactions, and downstream mechanisms of therapeutic targets at a higher resolution, which brings new perspectives into macrophage-mediated mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets in cardiovascular diseases. Remarkably, myocardial fibrosis, a prevalent characteristic in most cardiac diseases, remains a formidable clinical challenge, necessitating a profound investigation into the impact of macrophages on myocardial fibrosis within the context of cardiac diseases. In this review, we systematically summarize the diverse phenotypic and functional plasticity of macrophages in regulatory mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases and unprecedented insights introduced by single-cell sequencing technologies, with a focus on different causes and characteristics of diseases, especially the relationship between inflammation and fibrosis in cardiac diseases (myocardial infarction, pressure overload, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and cardiac aging) and the relationship between inflammation and vascular injury in vascular diseases (atherosclerosis and aneurysm). Finally, we also highlight the preclinical/clinical macrophage targeting strategies and translational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runkai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Hongrui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Botao Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yufei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Sifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xinjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Shengkang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
| | - Canzhao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Heart Center, Translational Medicine Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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17
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Zhu Y, Choi D, Somanath PR, Zhang D. Lipid-Laden Macrophages in Pulmonary Diseases. Cells 2024; 13:889. [PMID: 38891022 PMCID: PMC11171561 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactants play a crucial role in managing lung lipid metabolism, and dysregulation of this process is evident in various lung diseases. Alternations in lipid metabolism lead to pulmonary surfactant damage, resulting in hyperlipidemia in response to lung injury. Lung macrophages are responsible for recycling damaged lipid droplets to maintain lipid homeostasis. The inflammatory response triggered by external stimuli such as cigarette smoke, bleomycin, and bacteria can interfere with this process, resulting in the formation of lipid-laden macrophages (LLMs), also known as foamy macrophages. Recent studies have highlighted the potential significance of LLM formation in a range of pulmonary diseases. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests that LLMs are present in patients suffering from various pulmonary conditions. In this review, we summarize the essential metabolic and signaling pathways driving the LLM formation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis, and acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhu
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA (D.C.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Dooyoung Choi
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA (D.C.)
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA (D.C.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA (D.C.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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18
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Linna-Kuosmanen S, Schmauch E, Galani K, Ojanen J, Boix CA, Örd T, Toropainen A, Singha PK, Moreau PR, Harju K, Blazeski A, Segerstolpe Å, Lahtinen V, Hou L, Kang K, Meibalan E, Agudelo LZ, Kokki H, Halonen J, Jalkanen J, Gunn J, MacRae CA, Hollmén M, Hartikainen JEK, Kaikkonen MU, García-Cardeña G, Tavi P, Kiviniemi T, Kellis M. Transcriptomic and spatial dissection of human ex vivo right atrial tissue reveals proinflammatory microvascular changes in ischemic heart disease. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101556. [PMID: 38776872 PMCID: PMC11148807 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease plays a central role in the electrical and structural remodeling of the right atrium, predisposing to arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden death. Here, we dissect with single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics the gene expression changes in the human ex vivo right atrial tissue and pericardial fluid in ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure using asymptomatic patients with valvular disease who undergo preventive surgery as the control group. We reveal substantial differences in disease-associated gene expression in all cell types, collectively suggesting inflammatory microvascular dysfunction and changes in the right atrial tissue composition as the valvular and vascular diseases progress into heart failure. The data collectively suggest that investigation of human cardiovascular disease should expand to all functionally important parts of the heart, which may help us to identify mechanisms promoting more severe types of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Linna-Kuosmanen
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Eloi Schmauch
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kyriakitsa Galani
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Johannes Ojanen
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carles A Boix
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tiit Örd
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Toropainen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Prosanta K Singha
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pierre R Moreau
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristiina Harju
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Adriana Blazeski
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Åsa Segerstolpe
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Veikko Lahtinen
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Lei Hou
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kai Kang
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hannu Kokki
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Halonen
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juho Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Gunn
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Calum A MacRae
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Cardiovascular Medicine and Network Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Maija Hollmén
- MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha E K Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomas Kiviniemi
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland; Cardiovascular Medicine and Network Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manolis Kellis
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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19
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Li ZL, Han GM, Wang K, Lyu JA, Li ZW, Zhu BC, Zhu LN, Kong DM. Multiparameter Assessment of Foam Cell Formation Progression Using a Dual-Color Switchable Fluorescence Probe. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6968-6977. [PMID: 38662948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The assessment of atherosclerosis (AS) progression has emerged as a prominent area of research. Monitoring various pathological features of foam cell (FC) formation is imperative to comprehensively assess AS progression. Herein, a simple benzospiropyran-julolidine-based probe, BSJD, with switchable dual-color imaging ability was developed. This probe can dynamically and reversibly adjust its molecular structure and fluorescent properties in different polar and pH environments. Such a polarity and pH dual-responsive characteristic makes it superior to single-responsive probes in dual-color imaging of lipid droplets (LDs) and lysosomes as well as monitoring their interaction. By simultaneously tracking various pathological features, including LD accumulation and size changes, lysosome dysfunction, and dynamically regulated lipophagy, more comprehensive information can be obtained for multiparameter assessment of FC formation progression. Using BSJD, not only the activation of lipophagy in the early stages and inhibition in the later phases during FC formation are clearly observed but also the important roles of lipophagy in regulating lipid metabolism and alleviating FC formation are demonstrated. Furthermore, BSJD is demonstrated to be capable of rapidly imaging FC plaque sites in AS mice with fast pharmacokinetics. Altogether, BSJD holds great promise as a dual-color organelle-imaging tool for investigating disease-related LD and lysosome changes and their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Mei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Ao Lyu
- Admiral Farragut Academy Tianjin, Yantai Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300042, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Cun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China
| | - Li-Na Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, P. R. China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Frontiers Science Centre for Cell Responses, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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20
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Chang X, Wang B, Zhao Y, Deng B, Liu P, Wang Y. The role of IFI16 in regulating PANoptosis and implication in heart diseases. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:204. [PMID: 38693141 PMCID: PMC11063201 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01978-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Interferon Gamma Inducible Protein 16 (IFI16) belongs to the HIN-200 protein family and is pivotal in immunological responses. Serving as a DNA sensor, IFI16 identifies viral and aberrant DNA, triggering immune and inflammatory responses. It is implicated in diverse cellular death mechanisms, such as pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Notably, these processes are integral to the emergent concept of PANoptosis, which encompasses cellular demise and inflammatory pathways. Current research implies a significant regulatory role for IFI16 in PANoptosis, particularly regarding cardiac pathologies. This review delves into the complex interplay between IFI16 and PANoptosis in heart diseases, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. It synthesizes evidence of IFI16's impact on PANoptosis, with the intention of providing novel insights for therapeutic strategies targeting heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xindi Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wan-Ping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Emergency, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wan-Ping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wan-Ping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wan-Ping Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wan-Ping Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yiru Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 725 South Wan-Ping Road, Shanghai, China.
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21
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Ji M, Wei Y, Ye Z, Hong X, Yu X, Du R, Li Q, Sun W, Liu D. In Vivo Fluorescent Labeling of Foam Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Circulating Biomarkers for In Vitro Detection of Atherosclerosis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10093-10102. [PMID: 38545938 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of the development of atherosclerosis (AS) is key to the management of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, existing laboratory approaches lack sensitivity and specificity, mostly due to the dearth of reliable AS biomarkers. Herein, we developed an in vivo fluorescent labeling strategy that allows specific staining of the foam cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in atherosclerotic plaques, which are released into the blood as circulating biomarkers for in vitro detection of AS. This strategy relies on a self-assembled nanoprobe that could recognize foam cells specifically, where the probe is degraded by the intracellular HClO to produce a trifluoromethyl-bearing boron-dipyrromethene fluorophore (termed B-CF3), a lipophilic dye that can be transferred to the exosomal membranes. These circulating B-CF3-stained EVs can be detected directly on a fluorescence spectrometer or microplate reader without resorting to any sophisticated analytical method. This liquid-biopsy format enables early detection and real-time differentiation of lesion vulnerability during AS progression, facilitating effective CVD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moxuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongchun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhuo Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaoqin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Rui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Dingbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Centers for Cell Responses and New Organic Matter, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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22
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Shimizu Y, Arima K, Yamanashi H, Kawashiri SY, Noguchi Y, Honda Y, Nakamichi S, Nagata Y, Maeda T. Association between atherosclerosis and height loss among older individuals. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7776. [PMID: 38565613 PMCID: PMC10987634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and height loss are each reportedly associated with cardiovascular disease. However, no studies have found an association between atherosclerosis and height loss. A retrospective study of 2435 individuals aged 60-89 years who underwent annual health check-ups was conducted. Atherosclerosis was defined as carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) ≥ 1.1 mm. Height loss was defined as being in the highest quintile of height decrease per year, as in our previous studies. Among study participants, 555 were diagnosed as having atherosclerosis. Independent of known cardiovascular risk factors, atherosclerosis was positively associated with height loss. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 1.46 (95% confidence interval, 1.15, 1.83). Essentially the same associations were observed for men and women. The adjusted OR (95% CI) was 1.43 (1.01, 2.04) for men and 1.46 (1.07, 1.99) for women. Among older individuals, atherosclerosis is associated with height loss. This result can help clarify the mechanism underlying the association between height loss and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.
- Epidemiology Section, Division of Public Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, 537-0025, Japan.
| | - Kazuhiko Arima
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Yamanashi
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuko Noguchi
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yukiko Honda
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
- Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8315, Japan
| | - Seiko Nakamichi
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
- Nagasaki University Health Center, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
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23
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Jiang S, Han S, Wang DW. The involvement of soluble epoxide hydrolase in the development of cardiovascular diseases through epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1358256. [PMID: 38628644 PMCID: PMC11019020 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1358256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) has three main metabolic pathways: the cycloxygenases (COXs) pathway, the lipoxygenases (LOXs) pathway, and the cytochrome P450s (CYPs) pathway. AA produces epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) through the CYPs pathway. EETs are very unstable in vivo and can be degraded in seconds to minutes. EETs have multiple degradation pathways, but are mainly degraded in the presence of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). sEH is an enzyme of bifunctional nature, and current research focuses on the activity of its C-terminal epoxide hydrolase (sEH-H), which hydrolyzes the EETs to the corresponding inactive or low activity diol. Previous studies have reported that EETs have cardiovascular protective effects, and the activity of sEH-H plays a role by degrading EETs and inhibiting their protective effects. The activity of sEH-H plays a different role in different cells, such as inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration, but promoting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Therefore, it is of interest whether the activity of sEH-H is involved in the initiation and progression of cardiovascular diseases by affecting the function of different cells through EETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyi Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
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24
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Volpatti LR, de Matos SN, Borjas G, Reda J, Watkins EA, Zhou Z, Nguyen M, Solanki A, Fang Y, Hubbell JA. LDL-Binding IL-10 Reduces Vascular Inflammation in Atherosclerotic Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.04.582839. [PMID: 38496521 PMCID: PMC10942346 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.04.582839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with the accumulation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in arterial walls. Higher levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in serum are correlated with reduced plaque burden. However, cytokine therapies have not translated well to the clinic, partially due to their rapid clearance and pleiotropic nature. Here, we engineered IL-10 to overcome these challenges by hitchhiking on LDL to atherosclerotic plaques. Specifically, we constructed fusion proteins in which one domain is IL-10 and the other is an antibody fragment (Fab) that binds to protein epitopes of LDL. In murine models of atherosclerosis, we show that systemically administered Fab-IL-10 constructs bind circulating LDL and traffic to atherosclerotic plaques. One such construct, 2D03-IL-10, significantly reduces aortic immune cell infiltration to levels comparable to healthy mice, whereas non-targeted IL-10 has no therapeutic effect. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that 2D03-IL-10 preferentially associates with foamy macrophages and reduces pro-inflammatory activation markers. This platform technology can be applied to a variety of therapeutics and shows promise as a potential targeted anti-inflammatory therapy in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa R. Volpatti
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, United States
| | - Salvador Norton de Matos
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL, 60637, United States
| | - Gustavo Borjas
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Joseph Reda
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Elyse A. Watkins
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Zhengjie Zhou
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Mindy Nguyen
- Animal Resources Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Ani Solanki
- Animal Resources Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
| | - Yun Fang
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Committee on Molecular Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Hubbell
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
- Committee on Cancer Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States
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25
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Lv N, Wang L, Zeng M, Wang Y, Yu B, Zeng W, Jiang X, Suo Y. Saponins as therapeutic candidates for atherosclerosis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1651-1680. [PMID: 38299680 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Drug development for atherosclerosis, the underlying pathological state of ischemic cardiovascular diseases, has posed a longstanding challenge. Saponins, classified as steroid or triterpenoid glycosides, have shown promising therapeutic potential in the treatment of atherosclerosis. Through an exhaustive examination of scientific literature spanning from May 2013 to May 2023, we identified 82 references evaluating 37 types of saponins in terms of their prospective impacts on atherosclerosis. These studies suggest that saponins have the potential to ameliorate atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism, inhibiting inflammation, suppressing apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, as well as regulating gut microbiota, autophagy, endothelial senescence, and angiogenesis. Notably, ginsenosides exhibit significant potential and manifest essential pharmacological attributes, including lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-oxidative stress effects. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the pharmacological attributes of saponins in atherosclerosis, with particular emphasis on their role in the regulation of lipid metabolism regulation and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, saponins may warrant further investigation as a potential therapy for atherosclerosis. However, due to various reasons such as low oral bioavailability, the clinical application of saponins in the treatment of atherosclerosis still needs further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuan Lv
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Luming Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyun Zeng
- Oncology Department, Ganzhou people's hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanrong Suo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Ganzhou people's hospital, Ganzhou, China
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26
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Chen J, Zhang X, Cross R, Ahn Y, Huskin G, Evans W, Hwang PT, Kim JA, Brott BC, Jo H, Yoon YS, Jun HW. Atherosclerotic three-layer nanomatrix vascular sheets for high-throughput therapeutic evaluation. Biomaterials 2024; 305:122450. [PMID: 38169190 PMCID: PMC10843643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In vitro atherosclerosis models are essential to evaluate therapeutics before in vivo and clinical studies, but significant limitations remain, such as the lack of three-layer vascular architecture and limited atherosclerotic features. Moreover, no scalable 3D atherosclerosis model is available for making high-throughput assays for therapeutic evaluation. Herein, we report an in vitro 3D three-layer nanomatrix vascular sheet with critical atherosclerosis multi-features (VSA), including endothelial dysfunction, monocyte recruitment, macrophages, extracellular matrix remodeling, smooth muscle cell phenotype transition, inflammatory cytokine secretion, foam cells, and calcification initiation. Notably, we present the creation of high-throughput functional assays with VSAs and the use of these assays for evaluating therapeutics for atherosclerosis treatment. The therapeutics include conventional drugs (statin and sirolimus), candidates for treating atherosclerosis (curcumin and colchicine), and potential gene therapy (miR-146a-loaded liposomes). The high efficiency and flexibility of the scalable VSA functional assays should facilitate drug discovery and development for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Endomimetics, LLC., Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xixi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robbie Cross
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yujin Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Gillian Huskin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Will Evans
- Augusta University/University of Georgia Medical Partnership, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Jeong-A Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Brigitta C Brott
- Endomimetics, LLC., Birmingham, AL, USA; Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Young-Sup Yoon
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Endomimetics, LLC., Birmingham, AL, USA.
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27
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Dhupar R, Powers AA, Eisenberg SH, Gemmill RM, Bardawil CE, Udoh HM, Cubitt A, Nangle LA, Soloff AC. Orchestrating Resilience: How Neuropilin-2 and Macrophages Contribute to Cardiothoracic Disease. J Clin Med 2024; 13:1446. [PMID: 38592275 PMCID: PMC10934188 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13051446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunity has evolved to balance the destructive nature of inflammation with wound healing to overcome trauma, infection, environmental insults, and rogue malignant cells. The inflammatory response is marked by overlapping phases of initiation, resolution, and post-resolution remodeling. However, the disruption of these events can lead to prolonged tissue damage and organ dysfunction, resulting long-term disease states. Macrophages are the archetypic phagocytes present within all tissues and are important contributors to these processes. Pleiotropic and highly plastic in their responses, macrophages support tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration, all while balancing immunologic self-tolerance with the clearance of noxious stimuli, pathogens, and malignant threats. Neuropilin-2 (Nrp2), a promiscuous co-receptor for growth factors, semaphorins, and integrins, has increasingly been recognized for its unique role in tissue homeostasis and immune regulation. Notably, recent studies have begun to elucidate the role of Nrp2 in both non-hematopoietic cells and macrophages with cardiothoracic disease. Herein, we describe the unique role of Nrp2 in diseases of the heart and lung, with an emphasis on Nrp2 in macrophages, and explore the potential to target Nrp2 as a therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Dhupar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Surgical and Research Services, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
| | - Amy A. Powers
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Seth H. Eisenberg
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Robert M. Gemmill
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Charles E. Bardawil
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Hannah M. Udoh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
| | - Andrea Cubitt
- aTyr Pharma, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; (A.C.); (L.A.N.)
| | | | - Adam C. Soloff
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; (R.D.); (H.M.U.)
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Surgical and Research Services, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
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Zhu C, Li S. The peripheral corticotropin releasing factor family's role in vasculitis. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 154:107275. [PMID: 38184094 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing factor family peptides (CRF peptides) include 4 members, corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), Urocortin (UCN1), UCN2 and UCN3. CRF peptides function via the two distinct receptors, CRF1 and CRF2. Among them, CRH/CRF1 has been recognized to influence immunity/inflammation peripherally. Both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of CRH are reported. Likewise, UCNs, peripherally in cardiovascular system have been documented to have both potent protective and harmful effects, with UCN1 acting on both CRF1 & CRF2 and UCN2 & UCN3 on CRF2. We and others also observe protective and detrimental effects of CRF peptides/receptors on vasculature, with the latter of predominantly higher incidence, i.e., they play an important role in the development of vasculitis while in some cases they are found to counteract vascular inflammation. The pro-vasculitis effects of CRH & UCNs include increasing vascular endothelial permeability, interrupting endothelial adherens & tight junctions leading to hyperpermeability, stimulating immune/inflammatory cells to release inflammatory factors, and promoting angiogenesis by VEGF release while the anti-vasculitis effects may be just the opposite, depending on many factors such as different CRF receptor types, species and systemic conditions. Furthermore, CRF peptides' pro-vasculitis effects are found to be likely related to cPLA2 and S1P receptor signal pathway. This minireview will focus on summarizing the peripheral effects of CRF peptides on vasculature participating in the processes of vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Longmian Avenue, 101, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengnan Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Longmian Avenue, 101, Nanjing, China.
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Morvaridzadeh M, Zoubdane N, Heshmati J, Alami M, Berrougui H, Khalil A. High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Function in Cardiovascular Diseases: What about Aging and Diet Effects? Nutrients 2024; 16:653. [PMID: 38474781 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the leading global cause of mortality, prompting a heightened focus on identifying precise indicators for their assessment and treatment. In this perspective, the plasma levels of HDL have emerged as a pivotal focus, given the demonstrable correlation between plasma levels and cardiovascular events, rendering them a noteworthy biomarker. However, it is crucial to acknowledge that HDLs, while intricate, are not presently a direct therapeutic target, necessitating a more nuanced understanding of their dynamic remodeling throughout their life cycle. HDLs exhibit several anti-atherosclerotic properties that define their functionality. This functionality of HDLs, which is independent of their concentration, may be impaired in certain risk factors for CVD. Moreover, because HDLs are dynamic parameters, in which HDL particles present different atheroprotective properties, it remains difficult to interpret the association between HDL level and CVD risk. Besides the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of HDLs, their capacity to mediate cholesterol efflux, a key metric of HDL functionality, represents the main anti-atherosclerotic property of HDL. In this review, we will discuss the HDL components and HDL structure that may affect their functionality and we will review the mechanism by which HDL mediates cholesterol efflux. We will give a brief examination of the effects of aging and diet on HDL structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Nada Zoubdane
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Alami
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Hicham Berrougui
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
| | - Abdelouahed Khalil
- Department of Medicine, Geriatric Service, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4N4, Canada
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Steinbauer S, König A, Neuhauser C, Schwarzinger B, Stangl H, Iken M, Weghuber J, Röhrl C. Elder (Sambucus nigra), identified by high-content screening, counteracts foam cell formation without promoting hepatic lipogenesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3547. [PMID: 38347122 PMCID: PMC10861454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol deposition in intimal macrophages leads to foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), initiated by efflux of excess cholesterol from foam cells, counteracts atherosclerosis. However, targeting RCT by enhancing cholesterol efflux was so far accompanied by adverse hepatic lipogenesis. Here, we aimed to identify novel natural enhancers of macrophage cholesterol efflux suitable for the prevention of atherosclerosis. Plant extracts of an open-access library were screened for their capacity to increase cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 macrophages trace-labeled with fluorescent BODIPY-cholesterol. Incremental functional validation of hits yielded two final extracts, elder (Sambucus nigra) and bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.) that induced ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) expression and reduced cholesteryl ester accumulation in aggregated LDL-induced foam cells. Aqueous elder extracts were subsequently prepared in-house and both, flower and leaf extracts increased ABCA1 mRNA and protein expression in human THP-1 macrophages, while lipogenic gene expression in hepatocyte-derived cells was not induced. Chlorogenic acid isomers and the quercetin glycoside rutin were identified as the main polyphenols in elder extracts with putative biological action. In summary, elder flower and leaf extracts increase macrophage ABCA1 expression and reduce foam cell formation without adversely affecting hepatic lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Steinbauer
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600, Wels, Austria
| | - Alice König
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600, Wels, Austria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Wels, Austria
| | - Cathrina Neuhauser
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Wels, Austria
| | - Bettina Schwarzinger
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600, Wels, Austria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Wels, Austria
| | - Herbert Stangl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600, Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Wels, Austria.
| | - Clemens Röhrl
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600, Wels, Austria.
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Phucharoenrak P, Trachootham D. Bergaptol, a Major Furocoumarin in Citrus: Pharmacological Properties and Toxicity. Molecules 2024; 29:713. [PMID: 38338457 PMCID: PMC10856120 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bergaptol (5-hydroxypsoralen or 5-hydroxyfuranocoumarin) is a naturally occurring furanocoumarin widely found in citrus fruits, which has multiple health benefits. Nonetheless, no specific review articles on bergaptol have been published. Compiling updated information on bergaptol is crucial in guiding future research direction and application. The present review focuses on the research evidence related to the pharmacological properties and toxicity of bergaptol. Bergaptol has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-osteoporosis, anti-microbial, and anti-lipidemic effects. It can inhibit the activities of cytochrome P450s (CYP), especially CYP2C9 and CYP3A4, thereby affecting the metabolism and concentrations of some drugs and toxins. Compared with other coumarins, bergaptol has the least potency to inhibit CYP3A4 in cancer cells. Instead, it can suppress drug efflux transporters, such as P-glycoprotein, thereby overcoming chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Furthermore, bergaptol has antimicrobial effects with a high potential for inhibition of quorum sensing. In vivo, bergaptol can be retained in plasma for longer than other coumarins. Nevertheless, its toxicity has not been clearly reported. In vitro study suggests that, unlike most furocoumarins, bergaptol is not phototoxic or photomutagenic. Existing research on bergaptol has mostly been conducted in vitro. Further in vivo and clinical studies are warranted to identify the safe and effective doses of bergaptol for its multimodal application.
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He J, Gao Y, Yang C, Guo Y, Liu L, Lu S, He H. Navigating the landscape: Prospects and hurdles in targeting vascular smooth muscle cells for atherosclerosis diagnosis and therapy. J Control Release 2024; 366:261-281. [PMID: 38161032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) have emerged as pivotal contributors throughout all phases of atherosclerotic plaque development, effectively dispelling prior underestimations of their prevalence and significance. Recent lineage tracing studies have unveiled the clonal nature and remarkable adaptability inherent to VSMCs, thereby illuminating their intricate and multifaceted roles in the context of atherosclerosis. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth exploration of the intricate mechanisms and distinctive characteristics that define VSMCs across various physiological processes, firmly underscoring their paramount importance in shaping the course of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, this review offers a thorough examination of the significant strides made over the past two decades in advancing imaging techniques and therapeutic strategies with a precise focus on targeting VSMCs within atherosclerotic plaques, notably spotlighting meticulously engineered nanoparticles as a promising avenue. We envision the potential of VSMC-targeted nanoparticles, thoughtfully loaded with medications or combination therapies, to effectively mitigate pro-atherogenic VSMC processes. These advancements are poised to contribute significantly to the pivotal objective of modulating VSMC phenotypes and enhancing plaque stability. Moreover, our paper also delves into recent breakthroughs in VSMC-targeted imaging technologies, showcasing their remarkable precision in locating microcalcifications, dynamically monitoring plaque fibrous cap integrity, and assessing the therapeutic efficacy of medical interventions. Lastly, we conscientiously explore the opportunities and challenges inherent in this innovative approach, providing a holistic perspective on the potential of VSMC-targeted strategies in the evolving landscape of atherosclerosis research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua He
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Gao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shan Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Research Center for Pharmaceutical Preparations, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongliang He
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Li Y, Zhou M, Li H, Dai C, Yin L, Liu C, Li Y, Zhang E, Dong X, Ji H, Hu Q. Macrophage P2Y6 receptor deletion attenuates atherosclerosis by limiting foam cell formation through phospholipase Cβ/store-operated calcium entry/calreticulin/scavenger receptor A pathways. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:268-283. [PMID: 38036416 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Macrophage-derived foam cells play a causal role during the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. P2Y6 receptor (P2Y6R) highly expressed has been considered as a disease-causing factor in atherogenesis, but the detailed mechanism remains unknown. This study aims to explore P2Y6R in regulation of macrophage foaming, atherogenesis, and its downstream pathways. Furthermore, the present study sought to find a potent P2Y6R antagonist and investigate the feasibility of P2Y6R-targeting therapy for atherosclerosis. METHODS The P2Y6R expression was examined in human atherosclerotic plaques and mouse artery. Atherosclerosis animal models were established in whole-body P2Y6R or macrophage-specific P2Y6R knockout mice to evaluate the role of P2Y6R. RNA sequencing, DNA pull-down experiments, and proteomic approaches were performed to investigate the downstream mechanisms. High-throughput Glide docking pipeline from repurposing drug library was performed to find potent P2Y6R antagonists. RESULTS The P2Y6R deficiency alleviated atherogenesis characterized by decreasing plaque formation and lipid deposition of the aorta. Mechanically, deletion of macrophage P2Y6R significantly inhibited uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein through decreasing scavenger receptor A expression mediated by phospholipase Cβ/store-operated calcium entry pathways. More importantly, P2Y6R deficiency reduced the binding of scavenger receptor A to CALR, accompanied by dissociation of calreticulin and STIM1. Interestingly, thiamine pyrophosphate was found as a potent P2Y6R antagonist with excellent P2Y6R antagonistic activity and binding affinity, of which the pharmacodynamic effect and mechanism on atherosclerosis were verified. CONCLUSIONS Macrophage P2Y6R regulates phospholipase Cβ/store-operated calcium entry/calreticulin signalling pathway to increase scavenger receptor A protein level, thereby improving foam cell formation and atherosclerosis, indicating that the P2Y6R may be a potential therapeutic target for intervention of atherosclerotic diseases using P2Y6R antagonists including thiamine pyrophosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Mengze Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Huanqiu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Dai
- Experimental Teaching Center of Life Science, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Li Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chunxiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Enming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xinli Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hui Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Qinghua Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Longmian Avenue 639, Nanjing 211198, China
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Huang H, Sun Z, Xu J, Wang L, Zhao J, Li J, Zhang S, Yuan F, Liu M, Fang Z. Yang-Xin-Shu-Mai granule alleviates atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage polarization via the TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116868. [PMID: 37454749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Previous studies have found that Yang-Xin-Shu-Mai granule (YXSMG) has certain advantages in the treatment of stable coronary heart disease. However, YXSMG can inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic plaque and stabilize vulnerable plaque needs to be further explored and studied. This research, mass spectrometry analysis, network pharmacology, in vivo and in vitro experimental studies were conducted to explore the mechanism of YXSMG on atherosclerosis. AIM OF THE STUDY To decipher the mechanism of atherosclerotic plaque, stabilization for YXSMG by analysis of its active ingredients and biological network and activity in whole animal and at cellular and molecular levels. METHODS The active components of YXSMG were determined using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) analysis. The 'Disease-Compound-Target-Pathway' network diagram was constructed using network pharmacology, and the stability of binding between core targets and core compounds was analyzed with molecular docking. After intervention with YXSMG, the pathology of aortic plaque, inflammation in the surrounding tissue, expression of TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway protein in plaque and M1/M2 polarization of plaque macrophages were evaluated in vivo in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice fed with high-fat diet. To verify whether it suppressed inflammation by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) reprogramming of macrophage polarization, we used RAW264.7 macrophages treated with specific TLR9 agonist (ODN1826) and inhibitor (ODN2088). RESULTS Five active compounds were identified in YXSMG: catechin, formononetin, tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone and glycitein. Network pharmacology studies revealed TLR9 as one of the core targets of YXSMG intervention in atherosclerosis. Computer simulation of molecular docking showed that TLR9 could interact with the core compound to form a stable complex. In vivo experiments confirmed that YXSMG could significantly inhibit atherosclerotic plaque, reduce levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors, downregulate TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway protein and inhibit aortic sinus macrophages polarization to M1, but promote their polarization to M2 to inhibit inflammation. In vitro experiments revealed that YXSMG could downregulate expression of TLR9 gene and protein in ODN1826-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. ODN2088 had a synergistic effect with YXSMG on the TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, and reprogrammed macrophages polarization from M1 to M2 by inhibiting TLR9, thus reducing immuno-inflammatory response. CONCLUSION YXSMG can reduce the level of blood lipid and improve the size of atherosclerotic plaque and inflammatory infiltration in ApoE-/- mice fed with high fat. It is concluded that YXSMG can improve the mechanism of atherosclerotic plaque by inhibiting TLR9/MyD88/NF-κB pathway reprogramming macrophage M1/M2 polarization and reducing arterial inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China.
| | - Zeqi Sun
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China.
| | - Junyao Xu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China; Institute of Hypertension, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China
| | - Fang Yuan
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China; Institute of Hypertension, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China.
| | - Zhuyuan Fang
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China; Institute of Hypertension, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, PR China.
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Chen K, Deng Z, Zhu C, Zhang Q, Chen R, Li T, Luo J, Zhou Z, Zeng R, Zhang T, Zeng Z. LKB1 delays atherosclerosis by inhibiting phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Int J Cardiol 2024; 394:131363. [PMID: 37722454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Although liver kinase B1 (LKB1) is a well-known tumor suppressor gene, and its encoded protein has important biological functions, it is not clear whether LKB1 can inhibit atherosclerosis by regulating vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship among LKB1, VSMCs and atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS ApoE-/- mice with VSMCs-specific overexpression of LKB1 were constructed by adeno-associated virus transfection technique, and then fed with high-fat diet for eight weeks. The effect of LKB1 overexpression on atherosclerosis in mice was investigated by oil red O staining, HE staining, immunofluorescence and Western Blot. The results showed that the expression of LKB1 mRNA and protein in arterial tissue of mice increased significantly after overexpression of LKB1. The degree of atherosclerosis, smooth muscle fiber proliferation and lipid accumulation were significantly alleviated in the overexpression group. The results of Western Blot showed that the expression of α-SMA was increased, while the expression of OPN and CD68 was significantly decreased in the overexpression group (P < 0.05). The Immunofluorescence results of Image Pro Plus software analysis showed that the co-localization relationship between α-SMA and CD68 was more obvious in the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our results suggested that LKB1 can delay the progression of atherosclerosis by inhibiting the phenotypic transition of VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicong Chen
- Cardiovascular Department, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan 528200, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zhiwen Deng
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tudi Li
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Junqian Luo
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zihao Zhou
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Tong Zhang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Foshan 528200, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Zhihuan Zeng
- Cardiovascular Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
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Cui HK, Tang CJ, Gao Y, Li ZA, Zhang J, Li YD. An integrative analysis of single-cell and bulk transcriptome and bidirectional mendelian randomization analysis identified C1Q as a novel stimulated risk gene for Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1289223. [PMID: 38179058 PMCID: PMC10764496 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1289223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The role of complement component 1q (C1Q) related genes on human atherosclerotic plaques (HAP) is less known. Our aim is to establish C1Q associated hub genes using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA analysis to diagnose and predict HAP patients more effectively and investigate the association between C1Q and HAP (ischemic stroke) using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods HAP scRNA-seq and bulk-RNA data were download from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The C1Q-related hub genes was screened using the GBM, LASSO and XGBoost algorithms. We built machine learning models to diagnose and distinguish between types of atherosclerosis using generalized linear models and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses. Further, we scored the HALLMARK_COMPLEMENT signaling pathway using ssGSEA and confirmed hub gene expression through qRT-PCR in RAW264.7 macrophages and apoE-/- mice. Furthermore, the risk association between C1Q and HAP was assessed through bidirectional MR analysis, with C1Q as exposure and ischemic stroke (IS, large artery atherosclerosis) as outcomes. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) was used as the main method. Results We utilized scRNA-seq dataset (GSE159677) to identify 24 cell clusters and 12 cell types, and revealed seven C1Q associated DEGs in both the scRNA-seq and GEO datasets. We then used GBM, LASSO and XGBoost to select C1QA and C1QC from the seven DEGs. Our findings indicated that both training and validation cohorts had satisfactory diagnostic accuracy for identifying patients with HPAs. Additionally, we confirmed SPI1 as a potential TF responsible for regulating the two hub genes in HAP. Our analysis further revealed that the HALLMARK_COMPLEMENT signaling pathway was correlated and activated with C1QA and C1QC. We confirmed high expression levels of C1QA, C1QC and SPI1 in ox-LDL-treated RAW264.7 macrophages and apoE-/- mice using qPCR. The results of MR indicated that there was a positive association between the genetic risk of C1Q and IS, as evidenced by an odds ratio (OR) of 1.118 (95%CI: 1.013-1.234, P = 0.027). Conclusion The authors have effectively developed and validated a novel diagnostic signature comprising two genes for HAP, while MR analysis has provided evidence supporting a favorable association of C1Q on IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Kai Cui
- Department of Neurological Intervention, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Chao-Jie Tang
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Neurological Intervention, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zi-Ang Li
- Department of Neurological Intervention, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurological Intervention, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Dong Li
- Department of Neurological Intervention, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Cai Y, Hu H, Wu Z, Yu C. A dual-lock-controlled mitochondria-targeted ratiometric fluorescence probe for simultaneous detection of atherosclerosis-related HClO and viscosity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123225. [PMID: 37586279 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Precise detection of inflammatory microenvironment-related viscosity and hypochlorous acid (HClO) contributes to illuminating the pathogenesis and further diagnosing of atherosclerosis (AS). Herein, a dual-lock-controlled mitochondria-targeted fluorescence probe (NS) for simultaneous imaging of HClO and viscosity in AS-related foam cells is presented. NS performs linear increase in green-fluorescence along with increased viscosity (excited at 425 nm), permitting "off-on" fluorescence imaging of viscosity. Meanwhile, upon HClO activation, NS exhibits red-shifted and enhanced fluorescence in orange, thus leading to ratiometric fluorescence quantification of HClO (excited at 465 nm). Such dual-lock-controlled effect makes NS realize simultaneous imaging of viscosity and HClO with high sensitivity and selectivity via "off-on" and ratiometric fluorescence readouts, respectively. Besides, endowed with mitochondria-targeting capacity, NS achieves in situ imaging of mitochondria viscosity and HClO in living RAW264.7 cells. Importantly, for the first time, NS realizes simultaneous imaging of mitochondria viscosity and HClO in macrophage-derived foam cells, revealing the close association between HClO level and viscosity change in mitochondria during foaming translation of macrophages in atherogenesis. This work not only provides a novel strategy and tool to image organelle-located viscosity and HClO in living systems, but also holds great potential in early diagnosis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Hui Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Zhen Wu
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Chao Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Han W, Zhang D, Zhang P, Tao Q, Du X, Yu C, Dong P, Zhu Y. Danlou Recipe promotes cholesterol efflux in macrophages RAW264.7 and reverses cholesterol transport in mice with hyperlipidemia induced by P407. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:445. [PMID: 38066464 PMCID: PMC10704726 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liver X Receptor (LXR) agonists could attenuate the development of atherosclerosis but bring excess lipid accumulation in the liver. Danlou Recipe was believed to be a benefit for improving the lipid profile. Thus, it is unclear whether Danlou Recipe could attenuate hyperlipidemia without excess lipid accumulated in the liver of mice. This study aimed to clarify if Danlou Recipe could alleviate the progression of hyperlipidemia in mice without extra lipids accumulated in the liver. METHODS Male murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells and murine peritoneal macrophages were used for the in vitro experiments. Cellular cholesterol efflux was determined using the fluorescent cholesterol labeling method. Those genes involved in lipid metabolism were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blotting respectively. In vivo, a mouse model of hyperlipidemia induced by P407 was used to figure out the effect of Danlou Recipe on reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and hyperlipidemia. Ethanol extract of Danlou tablet (EEDL) was prepared by extracting the whole powder of Danlou Prescription from ethanol, and the chemical composition was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). RESULTS EEDL inhibits the formation of RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells, and promotes ABCA1/apoA1 conducted cholesterol efflux in RAW264.7 macrophages and mouse peritoneal macrophages. In the P407-induced hyperlipidemia mouse model, oral administration of EEDL can promote RCT in vivo and improve fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet. Consistent with the findings in vitro, EEDL promotes RCT by upregulating the LXR activities. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that EEDL has the potential for targeting RCT/LXR in the treatment of lipid metabolism disorders to be developed as a safe and effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Qianqian Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xiaoli Du
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Chunquan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Pengzhi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Yan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, 220 Dongting Road, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Cui Y, Chen J, Zhang Z, Shi H, Sun W, Yi Q. The role of AMPK in macrophage metabolism, function and polarisation. J Transl Med 2023; 21:892. [PMID: 38066566 PMCID: PMC10709986 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a ubiquitous sensor of energy and nutritional status in eukaryotic cells. It plays a key role in regulating cellular energy homeostasis and multiple aspects of cell metabolism. During macrophage polarisation, AMPK not only guides the metabolic programming of macrophages, but also counter-regulates the inflammatory function of macrophages and promotes their polarisation toward the anti-inflammatory phenotype. AMPK is located at the intersection of macrophage metabolism and inflammation. The metabolic characteristics of macrophages are closely related to immune-related diseases, infectious diseases, cancer progression and immunotherapy. This review discusses the structure of AMPK and its role in the metabolism, function and polarisation of macrophages. In addition, it summarises the important role of the AMPK pathway and AMPK activators in the development of macrophage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxing Cui
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Dongguan Huangjiang Hospital, Dongguan, 523061, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhua Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Dongguan Huangjiang Hospital, Dongguan, 523061, Guangdong, China
| | - Houyin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Weichao Sun
- Department of Bone Joint and Bone Oncology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Gui L, Yan J, Zhao J, Wang S, Ji Y, Liu J, Wu J, Yuan K, Liu H, Deng D, Yuan Z. Hypochlorite activatable ratiometric fluorescent probe based on endoplasmic reticulum stress for imaging of atherosclerosis. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 240:115660. [PMID: 37683503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress can induce reactive oxygen (ROS) generation which is directly associated with the emergence of atherosclerosis. Foam cells could promote atherogenesis by inducing ER stress. To understand hypochlorite (ClO-) levels in foam cells under ER stress, novel ER-targeted ClO- activatable ratiometric fluorescence probes Rx-NE and Rx-NCE were designed using a classical rhodamine dye and coumarin dye bridge moiety as the fluorescent skeleton. Both Rx-NE and Rx-NCE demonstrated ratiometric detection capabilities for ClO-, with Rx-NCE showing better sensitivity compared to Rx-NE. The probe Rx-NCE could detect the upregulation of ClO- in foam cells under ER stress and clearly outline delineation of the boundary of atherosclerotic plaques by dual-color imaging. Importantly, the hypochlorite-activated ratiometric probe Rx-NCE had been innovatively applied to the distinction of atherosclerotic blood vessels in atherosclerosis-bearing transgenic (tg) (flk1: eGFP) zebrafish. The probe Rx-NCE is of significant value for investigating the pathological role of ER stress and atherosclerotic diseases, as well as offering new insights into the identification of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Gui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Junyuan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shiya Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yingying Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jinsheng Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Kang Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Dawei Deng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Zhenwei Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Road, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Zhang T, Wu S, Xu R, Zhang S, Wang M, Li J. Musashi-2 binds with Fbxo6 to induce Rnaset2 ubiquitination and chemokine signaling pathway during vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch in atherosclerosis. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110869. [PMID: 37633478 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to determine how Musashi-2 (MSI2) affects vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switch and contributes to atherosclerosis (AS). METHODS Primary mouse VSMCs were transfected with MSI2 specific siRNA and treated with platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). The proliferation, cell-cycle, and migration of VSMCs were determined by CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays. Western blot and qRT-PCR were conducted to analyze the protein and mRNA expression. Moreover, the correlation between MSI2, Fbxo6, Rnaset2, and chemokine signaling was predicted and verified using RNAct database, KEGG, wiki, RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation and co-immunoprecipitation. Moreover, H&E and Oil Red O staining were employed for assessing necrotic core and lipid accumulation in AS mouse aorta tissues. The numbers of B lymphocytes and monocytes, and the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in AS mice blood were investigated using flow cytometry and corresponding commercial kits, respectively. RESULTS MSI2 was up-regulated in the PDGF-BB-treated VSMCs. Knockdown of MSI2 inhibited VSMC proliferation, cell-cycle, and migration. Moreover, MSI2 regulated VSMC phenotypic switch through binding with Fbxo6 to induce Rnaset2 ubiquitination. MSI2 knockdown inhibited chemokine signaling via regulating Fbxo6/Rnaset2 axis. In AS mice, knockdown of MSI2 inhibited the formation of necrotic core and atherosclerotic plaque, and inhibited chemokine signaling via regulating Fbxo6/Rnaset2 axis. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that MSI2 could bind with Fbxo6 to induce Rnaset2 ubiquitination and the activation of chemokine signaling pathway during VSMC phenotypic switch in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Shusheng Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Rongwei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Minghai Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China; Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated with Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China.
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Teng D, Chen H, Jia W, Ren Q, Ding X, Zhang L, Gong L, Wang H, Zhong L, Yang J. Identification and validation of hub genes involved in foam cell formation and atherosclerosis development via bioinformatics. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16122. [PMID: 37810795 PMCID: PMC10557941 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Foam cells play crucial roles in all phases of atherosclerosis. However, until now, the specific mechanisms by which these foam cells contribute to atherosclerosis remain unclear. We aimed to identify novel foam cell biomarkers and interventional targets for atherosclerosis, characterizing their potential mechanisms in the progression of atherosclerosis. Methods Microarray data of atherosclerosis and foam cells were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expression genes (DEGs) were screened using the "LIMMA" package in R software. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) annotation were both carried out. Hub genes were found in Cytoscape after a protein-protein interaction (PPI) enrichment analysis was carried out. Validation of important genes in the GSE41571 dataset, cellular assays, and tissue samples. Results A total of 407 DEGs in atherosclerosis and 219 DEGs in foam cells were identified, and the DEGs in atherosclerosis were mainly involved in cell proliferation and differentiation. CSF1R and PLAUR were identified as common hub genes and validated in GSE41571. In addition, we also found that the expression of CSF1R and PLAUR gradually increased with the accumulation of lipids and disease progression in cell and tissue experiments. Conclusion CSF1R and PLAUR are key hub genes of foam cells and may play an important role in the biological process of atherosclerosis. These results advance our understanding of the mechanism behind atherosclerosis and potential therapeutic targets for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Teng
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Jia
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingmiao Ren
- The Precision Medicine Laboratory, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Ding
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, China
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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You Q, Shao X, Wang J, Chen X. Progress on Physical Field-Regulated Micro/Nanomotors for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Treatment. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300426. [PMID: 37391275 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (CCVDs) are two major vasculature-related diseases that seriously affect public health worldwide, which can cause serious death and disability. Lack of targeting effect of the traditional CCVD treatment drugs may damage other tissues and organs, thus more specific methods are needed to solve this dilemma. Micro/nanomotors are new materials that can convert external energy into driving force for autonomous movement, which can not only enhance the penetration depth and retention rates, but also increase the contact areas with the lesion sites (such as thrombus and inflammation sites of blood vessels). Physical field-regulated micro/nanomotors using the physical energy sources with deep tissue penetration and controllable performance, such as magnetic field, light, and ultrasound, etc. are considered as the emerging patient-friendly and effective therapeutic tools to overcome the limitations of conventional CCVD treatments. Recent efforts have suggested that physical field-regulated micro/nanomotors on CCVD treatments could simultaneously provide efficient therapeutic effect and intelligent control. In this review, various physical field-driven micro/nanomotors are mainly introduced and their latest advances for CCVDs are highlighted. Last, the remaining challenges and future perspectives regarding the physical field-regulated micro/nanomotors for CCVD treatments are discussed and outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing You
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
| | - Xinyue Shao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Jinping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore
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Koh S, Kim T, Kang D, Kim D. Effectiveness of Regular Aerobic Exercise in Improving Vascular Stiffness in Elderly Korean Women. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6119. [PMID: 37834763 PMCID: PMC10573532 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), cell adhesion molecules (intracellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1), endothelial selectin (E-selectin), and oxidized LDL in elderly women aged 70-85 years, and to identify the effect of and correlation with vascular stiffness. Forty participants were recruited and divided into three groups; vascular stiffness (VSG, n = 14), obesity (OG, n = 14), and normal (NG, n = 12). All groups were given a 16-week intervention of aerobic exercise, and the data collected before and after exercise were analyzed using SPSS Ver. 23.0. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to evaluate between-group and time-dependent interaction effects. One-way ANOVA was used to evaluate between-group variations. In addition, the significance was tested using a post hoc test (Scheffe). The within-group variations by time before and after exercise were examined using a paired t-test, and correlation analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficients. Simple regression analysis was performed for variables showing significant differences. The results indicate interaction effects for cf-PWV (p < 0.001), VCAM-1 (p < 0.01), E-selectin (p < 0.05), and oxidized LDL (p < 0.001). The rate of change of cf-PWV was positively correlated with that of VCAM-1 (r = 0.352, p < 0.05) and that of oxidized LDL (r = 0.325, p < 0.05) with statistical significance. To determine the effect of the rate of change of cf-PWV on the rate of change of VCAM-1, the variables were tested, and the coefficient of determination in the regression analysis was 0.124, indicating that 12.4% of the tested variables fit the standard regression line. The variables for the effect of the rate of change of cf-PWV on the rate of change of oxidized LDL were also tested, and the coefficient of determination in the regression analysis was 0.106, indicating that 10.6% of the tested variables fit the standard regression line. Thus, the 16-week regular and consistent aerobic exercise program had significant effects on the cf-PWV, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, and oxidized LDL in elderly Korean women with vascular stiffness, suggesting improvements in vascular stiffness, based on which the intervention is predicted to contribute to the prevention of vascular dysfunction by lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease due to atherosclerosis, as well as having a positive effect in the prevention of impairment of vascular endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Doyeon Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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45
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Li W, Pang Y, Jin K, Wang Y, Wu Y, Luo J, Xu W, Zhang X, Xu R, Wang T, Jiao L. Membrane contact sites orchestrate cholesterol homeostasis that is central to vascular aging. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1612. [PMID: 37156598 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronological age causes structural and functional vascular deterioration and is a well-established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, leading to more than 40% of all deaths in the elderly. The etiology of vascular aging is complex; a significant impact arises from impaired cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol level is balanced through synthesis, uptake, transport, and esterification, the processes executed by multiple organelles. Moreover, organelles responsible for cholesterol homeostasis are spatially and functionally coordinated instead of isolated by forming the membrane contact sites. Membrane contact, mediated by specific protein-protein interaction, pulls opposing organelles together and creates the hybrid place for cholesterol transfer and further signaling. The membrane contact-dependent cholesterol transfer, together with the vesicular transport, maintains cholesterol homeostasis and has intimate implications in a growing list of diseases, including vascular aging-related diseases. Here, we summarized the latest advances regarding cholesterol homeostasis by highlighting the membrane contact-based regulatory mechanism. We also describe the downstream signaling under cholesterol homeostasis perturbations, prominently in cholesterol-rich conditions, stimulating age-dependent organelle dysfunction and vascular aging. Finally, we discuss potential cholesterol-targeting strategies for therapists regarding vascular aging-related diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyun Pang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kehan Jin
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Wang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Shi R, Li X, Gao B, Zhang C, Li M. Phenylethanoid glycosides from traditional Mongolian medicine Cymbaria daurica alleviate alloxan-induced INS-1 cells oxidative stress and apoptosis. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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Du Z, Zhao X, Sun L, Chi B, Ma Z, Tian Z, Liu Y. Untargeted lipidomics-based study reveals the treatment mechanism of Qingxue Bawei tablets on atherosclerotic in ApoE -/- mice. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1229:123889. [PMID: 37738809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Qingxue Bawei (QXBW) tablets, a Mongolian medicine prescription, have proved to possess good lipid-lowering and antihypertensive effects in previous studies. However, the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of QXBW tablets on atherosclerosis (AS) have not been well studied yet. This study aimed to investigate the potential liver-protective mechanism of QXBW tablets on AS mice by hepatic lipidomics analysis. After 10 weeks of administration, serum and liver were collected for biochemical, histopathological, and lipid metabolomics analysis to evaluate the efficacy of the QXBW tablets on high-fat diet (HFD) induced mice. The experimental results indicated that QXBW tablets could ameliorate liver injury and inflammatory response in AS mice. Liver lipid data from different groups of mice were collected by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS, and a total of 22 potential biomarkers with significant differences between the model and control groups were identified finally, of which 16 potential biomarkers were back-regulated after the QXBW tablets intervention. These 22 potential differential metabolic markers were mainly involved in glycerolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and cholesterol ester metabolism pathways. The results of this study showed that serum inflammatory factors, liver function indices, and lipid metabolism disorders were positively alleviated in AS mice after QXBW tablets treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Du
- Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Pharmacy Department of Boshan District Hospital, Zibo City, Shandong Province, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Luping Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Bingqing Chi
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhenhua Tian
- Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Yuecheng Liu
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
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Shimizu Y. Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Partly Indicates the Prevention of Hypertension among Older Individuals in the General Population. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1588. [PMID: 37511963 PMCID: PMC10381883 DOI: 10.3390/life13071588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural atherosclerosis, as evaluated by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), is reported to be positively associated with hypertension. However, angiogenesis, which plays an important role in the progression of structural atherosclerosis, prevents hypertension by reducing peripheral vascular resistance. These associations evoke a contradiction: characteristics associated with the progression of structural atherosclerosis, which is related to hypertension, might prevent hypertension. To clarify novel mechanisms underlying the association between structural atherosclerosis and hypertension, multifaceted analyses are necessary. We performed several epidemiological studies based on this concept. This study summarizes those epidemiological studies and adds some discussion. Studies focusing on circulating CD34-positive cells, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), SNPs in BRACA1-associated protein (BRAP), platelets, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and SNPs in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) have shown that active endothelial repair, which leads to the progression of structural atherosclerosis, helps prevent hypertension. These associations indicate that the progression of structural atherosclerosis could act as a marker of angiogenesis, which reduces peripheral vascular resistance. In general, a positive association between structural atherosclerosis and hypertension has been reported. However, the progression of structural atherosclerosis could act as a marker of activity that prevents hypertension via reductions in peripheral vascular resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Epidemiology Section, Division of Public Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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Liu Y, Ji X, Zhou Z, Zhang J, Zhang J. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury; Molecular mechanisms and prevention. Microvasc Res 2023:104565. [PMID: 37307911 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries. Among cardiovascular disorders, myocardial infarction remains a life-threatening problem predisposing to the development and progression of ischemic heart failure. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a critical cause of myocardial injury. In recent decades, many efforts have been made to find the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the development of myocardial I/R injury and post-ischemic remodeling. Some of these mechanisms are mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic alterations, inflammation, high production of ROS, and autophagy deregulation. Despite continuous efforts, myocardial I/R injury remains a major challenge in medical treatments of thrombolytic therapy, heart disease, primary percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary arterial bypass grafting. The development of effective therapeutic strategies to reduce or prevent myocardial I/R injury is of great clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Integrative, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China; First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China.
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Wu X, Pan J, Yu JJ, Kang J, Hou S, Cheng M, Xu L, Gong L, Li Y. DiDang decoction improves mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism via the HIF-1 signaling pathway to treat atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 308:116289. [PMID: 36822344 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE DiDang Decoction (DDD) is a traditional classical prescription that has been used to treat atherosclerosis (AS) and hyperlipidemia (HLP) in China. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of DDD remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To validate the mechanism of DDD in AS and HLP based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical components of DDD were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database and literature mining, and the disease targets of AS and HLP were obtained from the Gencards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases. The intersection genes were imported into the STRING database to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the DAVID database was used for gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Combined with the results of KEGG pathway analysis, the HIF-1 signaling pathway was selected for further in vitro experiments. RESULTS The results showed that network pharmacology predicted 112 targets related to DDD treatment of AS and HLP, and the top 10 related pathways are: Lipid and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation, Pathways in cancer, Proteoglycans in cancer, Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Alcoholic liver disease, PPAR signaling pathway, and Coronavirus disease-COVID-19. In vitro experiments showed that DDD effectively reduced lipid accumulation in FFA-treated L02 cells; DDD attenuated mitochondrial damage and reduced ROS content; DDD inhibited ferroptosis and apoptosis; DDD up-regulated the expression of HIF-1α, Glutathione Peroxidase 4(GPX4), and Bcl2 proteins, and down-regulated expression of Bax protein. CONCLUSION DDD exerts therapeutic effects on AS and HLP through multiple targets and pathways, and improves mitochondrial function, reduces ROS content, inhibits ferroptosis and apoptosis by activating the HIF-1 signaling pathway, which provides reliable theoretical and experimental support for DDD treatment of AS and HLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xize Wu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Jiaxiang Pan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Jj Jiajia Yu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Jian Kang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Siyi Hou
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Geriatric Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Meijia Cheng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Cardiology, 924 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA, Guilin, 541002, China.
| | - Lihong Gong
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Geriatric Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Shenyang, 110032, China.
| | - Yue Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Geriatric Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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