1
|
Alshammari OAO, Alhar MSO, Elsayed NH, Monier M, Youssef I. Synthesis of furan-modified cationic cellulose for stereo-specific imprinting and separation of S-indacrinone via Diels-Alder reaction. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133384. [PMID: 38917927 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces a novel approach for the separation of indacrinone (IC) enantiomers, crucial in treating edema, hypertension, and hyperuricemia. A cationic biopolymer from furan-2-ylmethylhydrazine-cellulose (FUH-CE), derived from cyanoethyl cellulose (CEC), serving as a substrate in molecular imprinting. A key innovation is the use of the Diels-Alder reaction for efficient cross-linking with bis(maleimido)ethane (BME). This chemical strategy resulted in molecularly imprinted microparticles with high selectivity for the S-IC enantiomer, which can be eluted by adjusting the solution's pH. Extensive characterization confirmed the chemical modifications and selective binding efficacy of these biopolymers. Utilizing separation columns, our method achieved an impressive chiral resolution of (±)-IC, with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of 95 % for R-IC during the loading phase and 97 % for S-IC during elution. Under optimized conditions, the biopolymer demonstrated a maximum binding capacity of 131 mg/g at pH 6. This advanced approach represents a significant advancement in chiral separation technology, offering a robust and efficient technique for the selective isolation of enantiomers. This method not only enhances potential targeted therapeutic applications but also provides a scalable solution for industrial chiral separations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Odeh A O Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munirah S O Alhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadia H Elsayed
- Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia.
| | - M Monier
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim Youssef
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Neuroradiation and Neuro-intervention Section, Department of Radiology, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390. USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alharbi HY, Alnoman RB, Aljohani MS, Monier M, Tawfik EH. Design and synthesis of S-citalopram-imprinted polymeric sorbent: Characterization and application in enantioselective separation. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1727:464925. [PMID: 38776603 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The current work describes the efficient creation and employment of a new S-citalopram selective polymeric sorbent, made from poly(divinylbenzene-maleic anhydride-styrene). The process began by using suspension polymerization technique in the synthesis of poly(styrene-maleic anhydride-divinylbenzene) microparticles. These were then modified with ethylenediamine, developing an amido-succinic acid-based polymer derivative. The S-citalopram, a cationic molecule, was loaded onto these developed anionic polymer particles. Subsequently, the particles were post-crosslinked using glyoxal, which reacts with the amino group residues of ethylenediamine. S-citalopram was extracted from this matrix using an acidic solution, which also left behind stereo-selective cavities in the S-citalopram imprinted polymer, allowing for the selective re-adsorption of S-citalopram. The attributes of the polymer were examined through methods such as 13C NMR, FTIR, thermogravemetric and elemental analyses. SEM was used to observe the shapes and structures of the particles. The imprinted polymers demonstrated a significant ability to adsorb S-citalopram, achieving a capacity of 878 mmol/g at a preferred pH level of 8. It proved efficient in separating enantiomers of (±)-citalopram via column methods, achieving an enantiomeric purity of 97 % for R-citalopram upon introduction and 92 % for S-citalopram upon release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hussam Y Alharbi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rua B Alnoman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S Aljohani
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Monier
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Eman H Tawfik
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Luo Y, Deng X, Zhang Y, Sun G, Yan Z. Enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction of 2-cyclohexylmandelic acid enantiomers using chiral ionic liquids. Chirality 2024; 36:e23682. [PMID: 38807280 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Obtaining optically pure compounds in an eco-friendly and cost-efficient manner plays an important role in human health and pharmaceutical industry. Racemic separation using multistage stereoselective liquid-liquid extraction has become one of the most practical and effective approach to access homochiral enantiomers. Currently, chiral ionic liquids (CILs) with structural designability have become a promising chiral additive and enable them as adjustable candidates for racemic separation. Herein, a high-effective stereoselective liquid-liquid extraction process composed of imidazolium cations and amino acid-derived anions as the chiral additive was established for racemic 2-cyclohexylmandelic acid (CHMA) separation. We have systematically investigated the choice of organic solvent, concentration of CIL, extraction temperature, and the pH of aqueous phase. For three-stage stereoselective extraction, the maximum enantiomeric excess (e.e.) for CHMA was reached up to 40.6%. Furthermore, the mechanism of steric effect and stereoselective capacity between the CILs and racemic CHMA was discussed and simulated. We envision that the work will facilitate the development of CILs in multistage liquid-liquid extraction and promote the large-scale production of optically pure enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yachun Luo
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Deng
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Genlin Sun
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhihong Yan
- Department of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jesionek P, Hachuła B, Jurkiewicz K, Włodarczyk P, Hreczka M, Kamiński K, Kamińska E. Variation of Activation Volume as an Indicator of the Difference in Clusterization Phenomenon Induced by H-Bonding and F-Π Stacking Interactions in Enantiomers and a Racemate of Flurbiprofen. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:4021-4032. [PMID: 38608273 PMCID: PMC11056992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), broadband dielectric (BDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy supported by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum chemical computations were applied to investigate the structural and thermal properties, molecular dynamics, and H-bonding pattern of R-, S-, and RS-flurbiprofen (FLP). Experimental data indicated various spatial molecular arrangements in crystalline forms of examined systems, which seemed to disappear in the liquid state. Surprisingly, deeper analysis of high-pressure dielectric data revealed unexpected variation in the activation volume of pure enantiomers and a racemate. MD simulations showed that it is an effect of the clusterization phenomenon and a higher population of small associates in the former samples. Moreover, theoretical consideration exposed the particular role of unspecific F-Π interactions as a driving force underlying local molecular arrangements of molecules in the liquid and the crystal lattice of R-, S-, and RS-FLP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jesionek
- Institute
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
- Department
of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia
in Katowice, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Barbara Hachuła
- Institute
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Jurkiewicz
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Patryk Włodarczyk
- Łukasiewicz
Research Network - Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, Sowinskiego 5 St., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marek Hreczka
- Łukasiewicz
Research Network - Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, Sowinskiego 5 St., 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
- Department
of Mechatronics, Silesian University of
Technology, Akademicka
10A St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pulku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Ewa Kamińska
- Department
of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia
in Katowice, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gillet J, Geerts Y, Rongy L, De Decker Y. Differences in enantiomeric diffusion can lead to selective chiral amplification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2319770121. [PMID: 38635636 PMCID: PMC11046698 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2319770121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A fundamental question associated with chirality is how mixtures containing equal amounts of interconverting enantiomers can spontaneously convert to systems enriched in only one of them. Enantiomers typically have similar chemical properties, but can exhibit distinct reactivity under specific conditions, and these differences can be used to bias the system's composition in favor of one enantiomer. Transport properties are also expected to differ for enantiomers in chiral solvents, but the role of such differences in chiral symmetry breaking has not been clarified yet. In this work, we develop a theoretical framework to show that asymmetry in diffusion properties can trigger a spontaneous and selective symmetry breaking in mixtures of enantiomers. We derive a generic evolution equation for the enantiomeric excess in a chiral solvent. This equation shows that the relative stability of homochiral domains is dictated by the difference of diffusion coefficients of the two enantiomers. Consequently, deracemization toward a specific enantiomeric excess can be achieved when this difference is large enough. These results hold significant implications for our understanding of chiral symmetry breaking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Gillet
- Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Faculté des Sciences, CP – 231, Université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles1050, Belgium
| | - Yves Geerts
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles1050, Belgium
- International Solvay Institutes of Physics and Chemistry, Université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles1050, Belgium
| | - Laurence Rongy
- Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Faculté des Sciences, CP – 231, Université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles1050, Belgium
| | - Yannick De Decker
- Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Faculté des Sciences, CP – 231, Université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles1050, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu D, Du B, Ji Y, Sun H, Wang T, Yin X. Stereoselective transport of 2-aryl propionic acid enantiomers in porous media subjected to chiral organic acids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133824. [PMID: 38377915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The study examined the transport behavior of the 2-aryl propionic acid (2-APA) chiral pharmaceutical enantiomers by means of a laboratory-scale saturated quartz sand column experiment. Four typical of 2-APA and their enantiomers were selected for the study under different types of chiral organic acids (COAs)-mediated effects. Differences in the transport of the 2-APA enantiomeric pairs have been identified in response to various pH, types of COAs, and enantiomeric structures of COAs. Redundancy analysis identified the factors responsible for the largest differences in transport of 2-APA enantiomeric pairs, while spectroscopic characterization and density function theory (DFT) studies elucidated the underlying mechanisms contributing to the differences in transport of enantiomeric pairs. Obvious correlations among homochirality or heterochirality between COAs and 2-APA enantiomeric pairs were observed for changes in the mobility of 2-APA. The results indicate widespread COAs significantly affect the transport behavior of chiral man-made chemicals, suggesting more attention is needed to fill the gap in the perception of the transport behavior of chiral compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Bowen Du
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yantian Ji
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Huimin Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Tiecheng Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xianqiang Yin
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangling Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li M, Zhang L, Wu B, Hong M. High-Enantioselectivity Adsorption Separation of Racemic Mandelic Acid and Methyl Mandelate by Robust Chiral UiO-68-Type Zr-MOFs. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:381-389. [PMID: 38150656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Mandelic acid and its analogues are highly valuable medical intermediates and play an important role in the pharmaceutical industry, biochemistry, and life sciences. Therefore, effective enantioselective recognition and separation of mandelic acid are of great significance. In this study, two of our recently reported chiral amine-alcohol-functionalized UiO-68-type Zr-HMOFs 1 and 3 with high chemical stability, abundant binding sites, and large chiral pores were selected as chiral selectors for the enantioselective separation of mandelic acid (MA), methyl mandelate (MM), and other chiral molecules containing only one phenyl. Materials 1 and 3 exhibited excellent enantioselective separation performance for MA and MM. Especially for the separation of racemate MA, the enantiomeric excess values reached 97.3 and 98.9%, which are the highest reported values so far. Experimental and density functional theory (DFT) computational results demonstrated that the introduction of additional phenyls on the chiral amine alcohol pendants in 3 had somewhat impact on the enantioselective adsorption and separation of MA or MM compared with 1, but it was not significant. Further research on the enantioselective separation of those chiral adsorbates containing only one phenyl by material 1 indicated the crucial role of the groups directly bonded to the chiral carbons of the adsorbates in the selective separation of enantiomers, especially showing higher enantioselectivity for the adsorbates with two hydrogen-bonding groups directly bonded to its chiral carbon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengna Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Benlai Wu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of the Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bayındır S, Aydoğan C, Denizli A. Preparation of chiral monoliths with new modulation of the monolith surface chemistry for the enantioseparation of chiral drugs by nano-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1713:464573. [PMID: 38101302 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report the preparation and application of two new chiral monoliths for the enantioseparation of chiral drugs in nano-LC. Using 3‑chloro-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylate (HPMA-Cl, 2) as a precursor monomer, two different chiral monomers namely, Nα-Boc-Lys-HPMA (3A) and Nα-Fmoc-Lys-HPMA (3B) were synthesized and used for the preparation of chiral polymer monoliths. The first monolithic column (referred to as monolith I) was prepared by an in-situ polymerization of Nα-Boc-Lys-HPMA as the chiral monomer and ethylene dimethacrylate while the second monolithic column (referred to as monolith II) was prepared by an in-situ polymerization of Nα-Fmoc-Lys-HPMA as the chiral monomer and ethylene dimethacrylate as the crosslinker. Methanol and 1-propanol were used as the porogenic solvents. The prepared chiral monoliths were investigated for the enantioseparation of chiral drugs, including β-blockers (e.g., atenolol, propranolol, metoprolol) and anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., ketoprofen, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, naproxen, etodolac). The enantioseparation could be achieved via the formation of π-π interactions on the aromate-rich and aromate-poor chiral molecules while enantioseparation mechanism of chiral drugs included mostly π-π interactions and hydrogen bonding. Monolith II showed better enantioselectivity than Monolith I and the resolution values up to 2.12 were successfully achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Bayındır
- Department of Chemistry, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye
| | - Cemil Aydoğan
- Department of Chemistry, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye; Food Analysis and Research Laboratory, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye; Department of Food Engineering, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Türkiye.
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ali I, Perrucci M, Ciriolo L, D'Ovidio C, de Grazia U, Ulusoy HI, Kabir A, Savini F, Locatelli M. Applications of electrophoresis for small enantiomeric drugs in real-world samples: Recent trends and future perspectives. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:55-68. [PMID: 37495859 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Separation and identification of chiral molecules is a topic widely discussed in the literature and of fundamental importance, especially in the pharmaceutical and food fields, both from industrial and laboratory points of view. Several techniques are used to carry out these analyses, but high-performance liquid chromatography is often the "gold standard." The high costs of chiral columns, necessary for this technique, led researchers to look for an alternative, and capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a technique capable of overcoming some of the disadvantages of liquid chromatography, often providing comparable results in terms of sensitivity and robustness. We addressed this topic, already widely discussed in the literature, providing an overview of the last 6 years of the most frequent and recent applications of CE. To make the manuscript more effective, we decided to divide it into paragraphs that represent the main field of application, from enantioseparation in complex matrices (pharmacokinetic studies or toxicological dosage of drugs, analysis of environmental pollutants, and analyses of foods) to quality control analyses on pharmaceutical formulas. About these, which are the fields of most meaningful use, we mentioned some of the most innovative and performing methods, with a look to the future on the application of new materials used, such as chiral selectors, that can make these types of analyses accessible to all, reducing cost, time, and excessive use of toxic solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Miryam Perrucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Ciriolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristian D'Ovidio
- Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ugo de Grazia
- Laboratory of Neurological Biochemistry and Neuropharmacology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Halil Ibrahim Ulusoy
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Abuzar Kabir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Fabio Savini
- Pharmatoxicology Laboratory-Hospital "Santo Spirito", Pescara, Italy
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang S, Li X. Vibrational circular dichroism study and gas chromatographic analysis of chiral epichlorohydrin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123237. [PMID: 37598448 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been numerous incidents of serious accidents related to impurities of optical isomers, particularly in pharmaceutical treatment, environmental problems, and pesticide application. Among these impurities, chiral epichlorohydrin (ECH) is an important C3 synthon and a potentially genotoxic impurity. The enantiopure forms of S-ECH and R-ECH are key raw materials for synthesizing many drugs, which make it important to accurately quantify the specific conformation of chiral epichlorohydrin in pharmaceuticals. In this paper, we achieved the separation of chiral ECH by gas chromatography (GC) and based on the combination of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) experiments and theoretical calculations, the qualitative method of chiral ECH was achieved without relying on a single enantiomeric standard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ogunkunle EO, Davis JJ, Skinner EL, Thornham J, Roper MG. Analysis of D-amino acids secreted from murine islets of Langerhans using Marfey's reagent and reversed phase LC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1231:123928. [PMID: 37976942 PMCID: PMC10843809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
D-amino acids (D-AAs) are important signaling molecules due to their ability to bind ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. D-serine (D-Ser), D-alanine (D-Ala), and D-aspartate (D-Asp) have been found individually in the endocrine portion of the pancreas, the islets of Langerhans, and/or their secretions. However, there has been no report of a comprehensive assessment of D-AAs in islet secretions. To evaluate the release of these compounds, the effectiveness of both 1-(9-fluorenyl)-ethyl chloroformate (FLEC reagent) and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-L-alanine amide (Marfey's reagent, MR) in separation of D/L-AA enantiomeric pairs in islet-specific buffers were evaluated. MR-derivatized D/L AAs showed greater than baseline resolution (Rs ≥ 1.5) of 13 enantiomeric pairs when using a non-linear gradient and an acidic mobile phase system, while FLEC-derivatized AAs exhibited limited resolution on both biphenyl and C18 columns. The optimized MR method yielded highly reproducible separations with retention times less than 1% RSD. Excellent linearity between the analyte concentrations and response (R2 > 0.98) were obtained, with less than 15% RSD for all analyte responses. Most analytes had an LOD at or below 100 nM, except for L-Ala (200 nM). The optimized MR method was used to quantify D-AAs in secretions of 150 murine islets after incubation in 3- and 20-mM glucose. In response to both solutions, D-Ser and D-glutamine were tentatively identified via comparison of retention time and quantifier-to-qualifer ion ratios with standards, and from spiking experiments. Both were secreted in low quantities which did not differ significantly in either low (D-Ser: 44 ± 2 fmol islet-1h-1; D-Gln: 300 ± 100 fmol islet-1h-1) or high (D-Ser: 23 ± 1 fmol islet-1h-1; D-Gln: 120 ± 50 fmol islet-1h-1) glucose across 3 biological replicates. The method developed is robust and can be applied to further examine the release of D-AAs and their potential roles in islet physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel O Ogunkunle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Joshua J Davis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Emily L Skinner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - James Thornham
- Program in Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States
| | - Michael G Roper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States; Program in Molecular Biophysics, Florida State University, 95 Chieftain Way, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hermann DR, Ramer G, Riedlsperger L, Lendl B. Chiral Monitoring Across Both Enantiomeric Excess and Concentration Space: Leveraging Quantum Cascade Lasers for Sensitive Vibrational Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:1362-1370. [PMID: 37847076 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231206186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, high-throughput quantum cascade laser-based vibrational circular dichroism (QCL-VCD) technology has reduced the measurement time for high-quality vibrational circular dichroism spectra from hours to a few minutes. This study evaluates QCL-VCD for chiral monitoring using flow-through measurement of a changing sample in a circulating loop. A balanced detection QCL-VCD system was applied to the enantiomeric pair R/S-1,1'-bi-2-naphthol in solution. Different mixtures of the two components were used to simulate a racemization process, collecting spectral data at a time resolution of 6 min, and over three concentration levels. The goal of this experimental setup was to evaluate QCL-VCD in terms of both molar and enantiomeric excess (EE) sensitivity at a time resolution relevant to chiral monitoring in chemical processes. Subsequent chemometric evaluation by partial least squares regression revealed a cross-validated prediction accuracy of 2.8% EE with a robust prediction also for the test data set (error = 3.5% EE). In addition, the data set was also treated with the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), which also achieved a robust prediction. Due to the operating principle of LASSO, the obtained coefficients constituted a few discrete spectral frequencies, which represent the most variance. This information can be used in the future for dedicated QCL-based instrument design, gaining a higher time resolution without sacrificing predictive capabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel-Ralph Hermann
- Research Division of Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Ramer
- Research Division of Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Riedlsperger
- Research Division of Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Lendl
- Research Division of Environmental Analytics, Process Analytics and Sensors, Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhu B, Qiu H, Ma C, Chen S, Zhu J, Tong S. Recent progress on chiral extractants for enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1709:464389. [PMID: 37741223 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
As the demand for enantiopure compounds increases, chiral separation has become increasingly important in many fields. Enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction is an up-and-coming technology for enantiomeric separation because it is highly efficient and easy to be scaled up. The key factor for enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction is the development of novel chiral extractants with high enantiorecognition performance. With successful studies on catalytically active metal complexes as chiral extractants, novel chiral extractants can be screened and designed from the field of asymmetric catalysis. Chiral ionic liquids, sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrins bonded magnetic nanoparticles and 2,2',3,3'-tetrahydro-1,1'-spirobi[indene]-7,7'-diol (SPINOL) based phosphoric acid host show unique potential ability in enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction and they deserve further study. Brief principles, extraction equipment and solvent systems in enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction are presented in the present paper, and recent progress in development of new chiral extractants in the past decade is mainly reviewed, including metal complexes, cyclodextrins, ionic liquids, tartrate acids and crown ethers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Huiyun Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Chenlei Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Songlin Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Junchao Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China
| | - Shengqiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Moganshan Campus, Gongda Road 1, Huzhou 313200, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Seog DJH, van Kien N, Ryoo JJ. Amino alcohol-derived chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2023; 35:739-752. [PMID: 37144722 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An updated minireview of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on amino alcohols is presented. In this minireview, we focused on amino alcohols as starting materials in preparation of chiral catalysts for asymmetric organic synthesis and CSPs for chiral separations. Among the various CSPs, we summarized the important developments and applications of the amino alcohol-based Pirkle-type CSPs, ligand exchange CSPs, α-amino acid-derived amino alcohol CSPs, and symmetric CSPs from their first appearance to the present day to propose ideas for the development of new CSPs with improved performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Jin Han Seog
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Nguyen van Kien
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae Jeong Ryoo
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang B, Li K, Ma QY, Xiang TX, Liang RX, Gong YN, Wang BJ, Zhang JH, Xie SM, Yuan LM. Homochiral Metallacycle Used as a Stationary Phase for Capillary Gas Chromatographic Separation of Chiral and Achiral Compounds. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13289-13296. [PMID: 37615071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Metallacycles are a novel class of supramolecular materials with circular structures, internal cavities, and abundant host-guest chemical properties that have exhibited good application prospects in many fields. However, to the best of our knowledge, no research on the use of metallacycles as stationary phases for gas chromatographic (GC) separations has been published yet. In this work, we report for the first time the use of a homochiral metallacycle, [ZnCl2L]2, as a stationary phase for GC separations. [ZnCl2L]2 was synthesized by reaction of (S)-(1-isonicotinoylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl-isonicotinate (L) with ZnCl2 via coordination-driven self-assembly. The [ZnCl2L]2-coated column displayed an excellent separation performance not only of organic isomers but also of racemic compounds. Sixteen racemates (including alcohols, esters, amino acid derivatives, ethers, organic acids, and epoxides) and 21 isomeric compounds (including positional, structural, and cis/trans-isomers) were well separated on the [ZnCl2L]2-coated column. Impressively, some racemates were resolved with high resolution values (Rs), including 1,2-butanediol diacetate (Rs = 25.86), ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate (Rs = 20.97), 1,3-butanediol diacetate (Rs = 18.09), and threonine derivative (Rs = 18.61). Compared with the commercial β-DEX 120 column for separation of the tested racemates, the [ZnCl2L]2-coated column exhibited good enantioseparation complementarity, enabling separation of some racemates that could not be separated, or were not well resolved, by the β-DEX 120 column. In addition, many organic mixtures, such as n-alkanes, alkylbenzenes, n-alcohols, and a Grob test mixture, were also well separated on the [ZnCl2L]2-coated column. The column also has good reproducibility and thermal stability on separation. This work not only reveals the great potential of metallacycles for GC separations but also opens up a new application of metallacycles in separation science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Kuan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Yu Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Tuan-Xiu Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xue Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guarrochena X, Kaudela B, Mindt TL. Automated solid-phase synthesis of metabolically stabilized triazolo-peptidomimetics. J Pept Sci 2023; 29:e3488. [PMID: 36912359 PMCID: PMC10909554 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles as trans-amide bond surrogates has become an important tool for the synthesis of metabolically stabilized peptidomimetics. These heterocyclic bioisosters are generally incorporated into the peptide backbone by applying a diazo-transfer reaction followed by CuAAC (click chemistry) with an α-amino alkyne. Even though the manual synthesis of backbone-modified triazolo-peptidomimetics has been reported by us and others, no procedure has yet been described for an automated synthesis using peptide synthesizers. In order to efficiently adapt these reactions to an automated setup, different conditions were explored, putting special emphasis on the required long-term stability of both the diazo-transfer reagent and the Cu(I) catalyst in solution. ISA·HCl is the reagent of choice to accomplish the diazo-transfer reaction; however, it was found instable in DMF, the most commonly used solvent for SPPS. Thus, an aqueous solution of ISA·HCl was used to prevent its degradation over time, and the composition in the final diazo-transfer reaction was adjusted to preserve suitable swelling conditions of the resins applied. The CuAAC reaction was performed without difficulties using [Cu (CH3 CN)4 ]PF6 as a catalyst and TBTA as a stabilizer to prevent oxidation to Cu(II). The optimized automated two-step procedure was applied to the synthesis of structurally diverse triazolo-peptidomimetics to demonstrate the versatility of the developed methodology. Under the optimized conditions, five triazolo-peptidomimetics (8-5 amino acid residues) were synthesized efficiently using two different resins. Analysis of the crude products by HPLC-MS revealed moderate to good purities of the desired triazolo-peptidomimetics (70-85%). The synthesis time ranged between 9 and 12.5 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xabier Guarrochena
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Vienna Doctoral School in ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied DiagnosticsAKH Wien c/o Sekretariat NuklearmedizinViennaAustria
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry FacilityUniversity of Vienna, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Barbara Kaudela
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Vienna Doctoral School in ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied DiagnosticsAKH Wien c/o Sekretariat NuklearmedizinViennaAustria
| | - Thomas L. Mindt
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute Applied DiagnosticsAKH Wien c/o Sekretariat NuklearmedizinViennaAustria
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Division of Nuclear MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Joint Applied Medicinal Radiochemistry FacilityUniversity of Vienna, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ma Z, Shang P, Liu D, Nie Y, Liu Y, Guo X, Wei B, Bai L, Qiao X. Preparation and chromatographic performance of chiral peptide-based stationary phases for enantiomeric separation. Chirality 2023; 35:636-644. [PMID: 36951148 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the development of three new chiral stationary phases. They are based on silica modified with peptides containing phenylalanine and proline. Successful analyses and characterizations were conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectra, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. After this, the enantioselective performance of the three chiral peptide-based columns was evaluated. The evaluation used 11 racemic compounds under normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography mode. Optimized enantiomeric separation conditions were established. Under these conditions, the enantiomers of flurbiprofen and naproxen were successfully separated on CSP-1 column: the separation factor of these was 1.27 and 1.21, respectively. In addition, the reproducibility of the CSP-1 column was also investigated. The results of the investigation illustrated that the stationary phases have good reproducibility (RSD = 0.73%, n = 5).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyue Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Panpan Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Delu Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yangyang Nie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xinyuan Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Benben Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ligai Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liang RX, Ma QY, Xiang TX, Zhang YP, Gong YN, Huang B, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Zhang JH, Yuan LM. A novel pillar[3]trianglimine macrocycle with a deep cavity used as a chiral selector to prepare a chiral stationary phase by thiol-ene click reaction for enantioseparation in high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300376. [PMID: 37525411 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
A chiral pillar[3]trianglimine (C60 H72 N6 O6 ) with a deep cavity has been developed as a chiral selector and bonded to thiolated silica by thiol-ene click reaction to fabricate a novel chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation in high-performance liquid chromatography. The enantioseparation performance of the fabricated chiral stationary phase has been evaluated by separating various racemic compounds, including alcohols, esters, amines, ketones, amino acids, and epoxides, in both normal-phase and reversed-phase elution modes. In total, 14 and 17 racemates have been effectively separated in these two separation modes, respectively. In comparison with two widely used chiral columns (Chiralcel OD-H and Chiralpak AD-H), our novel chiral stationary phase offered good chiral separation complementarity, separating some of the tested racemates that could not be separated or were only partially separated on these two commercial columns. The influences of analyte mass, mobile phase composition, and column temperature on chiral separation have been investigated. Good repeatability, stability, and column-to-column reproducibility of the chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation have been observed. After the fabricated column had been eluted up to 400 times, the relative standard deviations (n = 5) of resolution (Rs) and retention time of the separated analytes were < 0.39% and < 0.20%, respectively. The relative standard deviations (n = 3) of Rs and retention time for column-to-column reproducibility were < 4.6% and < 5.2%, respectively. This study demonstrated that the new chiral stationary phase has great prospects for chiral separation in high-performance liquid chromatography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xue Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Yu Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Tuan-Xiu Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - You-Ping Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Nan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Bin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yuan C, Wang Z, Xiong W, Huang Z, Lai Y, Fu S, Dong J, Duan A, Hou X, Yuan LM, Cui Y. Cyclodextrin Incorporation into Covalent Organic Frameworks Enables Extensive Liquid and Gas Chromatographic Enantioseparations. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:18956-18967. [PMID: 37596711 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The separation of enantiomers using high-performance chromatography technologies represents great importance and interest. In this aspect, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives have been extensively studied as chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Nevertheless, β-CD that was immobilized on a traditional matrix often exhibited low stabilities and limited operating ranges. Recently, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with highly ordered nanopores are emerging as promising CSPs for enantioseparations, but their practical applications are still hampered by the difficulty of monomer and COF synthesis. Herein, two β-CD-driven COFs are synthesized via a fast and facile plasma-induced polymerization combined postsynthesis modification strategy. The precisely defined COF channels enhanced the accessibility of the accommodated β-CD to the analytes and acted as robust protective barriers to safeguard the β-CD from harsh environments. Therefore, the β-CD-modified COFs can be potentially general CSPs for extensive enantioseparation in both gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, and a wide range of racemates were separated. Compared to the commonly employed commercial chiral columns, these COF-based columns exhibited comparable resolution capability and superior application versatility. This work integrates the advantages and overcomes the defects of COFs and β-CD, thus advancing COFs as platforms for chiral selector modification and giving great promise for practical chromatographic enantioseparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuan
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wanqi Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhifeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yalin Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shiguo Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinqiao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Aihong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhong H, Zhang T, Zeng Q, Li L. Preparation and Evaluation of an Azobenzenediamide Bridged bis(β-Cyclodextrin)-Bonded Chiral Stationary Phase for HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci 2023; 61:625-636. [PMID: 35726164 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
An azobenzenediamide bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin) chiral stationary phase (AZCDP) was prepared, and its high-performance liquid chromatography performance in reversed-phase and polar organic modes was evaluated by chiral probes, including triazoles, flavanones, amino acids and β-blockers. The results showed that AZCDP had strong chiral separation ability and the 40 chiral compounds were successfully resolved, of which 32 were completely separated (Rs ≥ 1.5) and the best enantioresolution was up to 3.93 within 20 min under a wide range of pH value and temperature. The separation ability of AZCDP with double cavities was significantly better than common CD-CSPs with single cavity, which was related to the synergistic inclusion effect. Compared with the previously reported stilbene (C=C)-bridged CSP, AZCDP with azobenzene (N=N)-bridged had a wider resolution range. For example, it could resolve myclobutanil, pindolol, carteolol, betaxolol, bevanolol and bitertanol, which could not be resolved before, and should be related to the fact that the flexible N=N was more compatible with the synergistic inclusion between cavities than the rigid C=C bridge group. The azobenzenediamide bridging group could also provide hydrogen bond, π-π and other sites, which was conducive to chiral separations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhong
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Ave., Honggutan Dist., Nanchang 330031, PR China
| | - Tianci Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Ave., Honggutan Dist., Nanchang 330031, PR China
| | - Qingli Zeng
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Ave., Honggutan Dist., Nanchang 330031, PR China
| | - Laisheng Li
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, No. 999, Xuefu Ave., Honggutan Dist., Nanchang 330031, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Deng C, Song BQ, Lusi M, Bezrukov AA, Haskins MM, Gao MY, Peng YL, Ma JG, Cheng P, Mukherjee S, Zaworotko MJ. Crystal Engineering of a Chiral Crystalline Sponge That Enables Absolute Structure Determination and Enantiomeric Separation. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:5211-5220. [PMID: 37426545 PMCID: PMC10326857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Chiral metal-organic materials (CMOMs), can offer molecular binding sites that mimic the enantioselectivity exhibited by biomolecules and are amenable to systematic fine-tuning of structure and properties. Herein, we report that the reaction of Ni(NO3)2, S-indoline-2-carboxylic acid (S-IDECH), and 4,4'-bipyridine (bipy) afforded a homochiral cationic diamondoid, dia, network, [Ni(S-IDEC)(bipy)(H2O)][NO3], CMOM-5. Composed of rod building blocks (RBBs) cross-linked by bipy linkers, the activated form of CMOM-5 adapted its pore structure to bind four guest molecules, 1-phenyl-1-butanol (1P1B), 4-phenyl-2-butanol (4P2B), 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol (MPE), and methyl mandelate (MM), making it an example of a chiral crystalline sponge (CCS). Chiral resolution experiments revealed enantiomeric excess, ee, values of 36.2-93.5%. The structural adaptability of CMOM-5 enabled eight enantiomer@CMOM-5 crystal structures to be determined. The five ordered crystal structures revealed that host-guest hydrogen-bonding interactions are behind the observed enantioselectivity, three of which represent the first crystal structures determined of the ambient liquids R-4P2B, S-4P2B, and R-MPE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Deng
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Bai-Qiao Song
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Matteo Lusi
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Andrey A. Bezrukov
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Molly M. Haskins
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Mei-Yan Gao
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Yun-Lei Peng
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Jian-Gong Ma
- Department
of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry,
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Material Chemistry,
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Michael J. Zaworotko
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu J, Li L, Cao L, Liu X, Li R, Ji Y. Chirality-Controlled Mercapto-β-cyclodextrin Covalent Organic Frameworks for Selective Adsorption and Chromatographic Enantioseparation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37236148 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs) benefit from superior stability, abundant chiral environment, and homogeneous pore configuration. In its constructive tactics, only the post-modification method allows for the integration of supramolecular chiral selectors into achiral COFs. Here, the finding utilizes 6-deoxy-6-mercapto-β-cyclodextrin (SH-β-CD) as chiral subunits and 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzenedicarboxaldehyde (DVA) as the platform molecule to synthesize chiral functional monomers through thiol-ene click reactions and directly establish ternary "pendant-type" SH-β-CD COFs. The chiral site density on SH-β-CD COFs was regulated by changing the proportion of chiral monomers to obtain an optimal construction strategy and remarkably improve the ability of chiral separation. SH-β-CD COFs were coated on the inner wall of the capillary in a covalently bound manner. The prepared open tubular capillary was achieved for the separation of six chiral drugs. By combining the outcomes of selective adsorption and chromatographic separation, we observed the higher density of chiral sites in the CCOFs, and poorer results were achieved. From the perspective of spatial conformational distribution, we interpret the variation in the performance of these chirality-controlled CCOFs for selective adsorption and chiral separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liqin Cao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruijun Li
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yibing Ji
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Cheng Q, Ma Q, Pei H, He S, Wang R, Guo R, Liu N, Mo Z. Enantioseparation Membranes: Research Status, Challenges, and Trends. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2300376. [PMID: 36794289 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The purity of enantiomers plays a critical role in human health and safety. Enantioseparation is an effective way and necessary process to obtain pure chiral compounds. Enantiomer membrane separation is a new chiral resolution technique, which has the potential for industrialization. This paper mainly summarizes the research status of enantioseparation membranes including membrane materials, preparation methods, factors affecting membrane properties, and separation mechanisms. In addition, the key problems and challenges to be solved in the research of enantioseparation membranes are analyzed. Last but not least, the future development trend of the chiral membrane is expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Cheng
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Hebing Pei
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Simin He
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Ruibin Guo
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Nijuan Liu
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Zunli Mo
- Research Center of Gansu Military and Civilian Integration Advanced Structural Materials, Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tanács D, Berkecz R, Armstrong DW, Péter A, Ilisz I. Enantioseparation of a-substituted proline analogs with macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral stationary phases immobilized on superficially porous particles of silica applying liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and mass spectrometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1697:463997. [PMID: 37084694 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the liquid chromatography-based direct enantioseparation of the stereoisomers of α-substituted proline analogs has been investigated utilizing chiral stationary phases with UV and/or mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Macrocyclic antibiotics, such as vancomycin, teicoplanin, modified teicoplanin, and teicoplanin aglycone, all covalently immobilized to 2.7 μm superficially porous silica particles have been applied as stationary phases. Mobile phases utilizing mixtures of methanol and acetonitrile with different additives (polar-ionic mode) were optimized during method development. Best separations were achieved with mobile phases of 100% MeOH containing either 20 mM acetic acid or 20 mM triethylammonium acetate. Special attention was given to the applicability of MS-compatible mobile phases. Acetic acid was found to be advantageous as a mobile phase additive for MS detection. Enantioselective chromatographic behaviors are interpreted based on the explored correlations between the analytes' structural features and those of the applied chiral stationary phases. For the thermodynamic characterization, separations were studied in the temperature range of 5-50 °C. Generally, retention and selectivity decreased with increasing temperature, and in most cases, enthalpy-driven enantiorecognition was observed, but entropic contributions also were present. Unexpectedly, unusual shapes for the van Deemter curves were registered in the kinetic evaluations. General trends could be observed in the enantiomeric elution orders: S < R on VancoShell and NicoShell, and opposite R < S on TeicoShell and TagShell columns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dániel Tanács
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Somogyi utca 4, Hungary
| | - Róbert Berkecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Somogyi utca 4, Hungary
| | - Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019-0065, United States of America
| | - Antal Péter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Somogyi utca 4, Hungary
| | - István Ilisz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Somogyi utca 4, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Olbrycht M, Gumieniak J, Mruc P, Balawejder M, Piątkowski W, Antos D. Separation of non-racemic mixtures of enantiomers by achiral chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1693:463877. [PMID: 36854210 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of partial separation of enantiomeric mixtures in achiral chromatography (ACh) has already been documented for a wide variety of chiral compounds. It is attributed to the so-called effect of self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE). However, quantitative description of the SDE mechanism underlying adsorption of enantiomers on achiral surfaces is still incomplete, which hinders the application of that technique for large-scale separations. In this study, a mechanistic model for description of retention behavior of SDE-phoric compounds in silica-based ACh has been developed along with a procedure for fast determination of the model parameters. The model assumes formation of associates of chiral molecules, which occurs due to homo and hetero-chiral interactions in the adsorbed phase. The ability of the model to reproduce band profiles was verified for enantiomeric mixtures of three structurally different chiral compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian Olbrycht
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Justyna Gumieniak
- Department of Component Manufacturing and Production Organization, Rzeszów University of Technology, Stalowa Wola, Poland
| | - Patrycja Mruc
- Doctoral School of Engineering and Technical Sciences at the Rzeszów University of Technology, Poland
| | - Maciej Balawejder
- Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, The College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Wojciech Piątkowski
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Dorota Antos
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li W, Huang Y, Xiang Y, Yan X, Li Y, Wu D. Vacuum-assisted thermal bonding of β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives as chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1692:463845. [PMID: 36803769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the vacuum-assisted thermal bonding method was proposed for the covalent coupling of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) (CD-CSP), hexamethylene diisocyanate cross-linked β-CD (HDI-CSP) and 3, 5-dimethylphenyl isocyanate modified β-CD (DMPI-CSP) onto the isocyanate silane modified silica gel. Under vacuum conditions, the side reaction due to the water residue from the organic solvent, air, reaction vessels and silica gel could be avoided, and the optimal temperature and time of vacuum-assisted thermal bonding method were determined as 160°C and 3 h. These three CSPs were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, elemental analysis and the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms. The surface coverage of CD-CSP and HDI-CSP on silica gel was determined as ∼0.2 μmol m-2, respectively. The chromatographic performances of these three CSPs were systematically evaluated by separating 7 flavanones, 9 triazoles and 6 chiral alcohols enantiomers under the reversed-phase condition. It was found that the chiral resolution ability of CD-CSP, HDI-CSP and DMPI-CSP was complementary to each other. Among them, CD-CSP could separate all 7 flavanones enantiomers with the resolution of 1.09-2.48. HDI-CSP had a good separation performance for triazoles enantiomers with one chiral center. DMPI-CSP showed excellent separation performance for chiral alcohol enantiomers, among which the resolution of trans-1, 3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ol reached 12.01. Generally, the vacuum-assisted thermal bonding had been demonstrated as a direct and efficient method for the preparation of chiral stationary phases of β-CD and its derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yuqian Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yanshuo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Dapeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lu X, Wang X, Wang S, Ding T. Polarization-directed growth of spiral nanostructures by laser direct writing with vector beams. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1422. [PMID: 36918571 PMCID: PMC10015062 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Chirality is pivotal in nature which attracts wide research interests from all disciplines and creating chiral matter is one of the central themes for chemists and material scientists. Despite of significant efforts, a simple, cost-effective and general method that can produce different kinds of chiral metamaterials with high regularity and tailorability is still demanding but greatly missing. Here, we introduce polarization-directed growth of spiral nanostructures via vector beams, which is simple, tailorable and generally applicable to both plasmonic and dielectric materials. The self-aligned near field enhances the photochemical growth along the polarization, which is crucial for the oriented growth. The obtained plasmonic chiral nanostructures present prominent optical activity with a g-factor up to 0.4, which can be tuned by adjusting the spirality of the vector beams. These spiral plasmonic nanostructures can be used for the sensing of different chiral enantiomers. The dielectric chiral metasurfaces can also be formed in arrays of sub-mm scale, which exhibit a g-factor over 0.1. However, photoluminescence of chiral cadmium sulfide presents a very weak luminescence g-factor with the excitation of linearly polarized light. A number of applications can be envisioned with these chiral nanostructures such as chiral sensing, chiral separation and chiral information storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xujie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pédehontaa-Hiaa G, Gaudière F, Khelif R, Morin-Grognet S, Labat B, Lutzweiler G, Le Derf F, Atmani H, Morin C, Ladam G. Polyvalent incorporation of anionic β-cyclodextrin polymers into Layer-by-Layer coatings. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
|
29
|
Yang Y, Sun X, Reza Poopari M, Jian C, Zeng H, Tang T, Xu Y. Chirality Discrimination at Binary Organic|Water Interfaces Monitored by Interfacial Tension Measurements with Preliminary Comparison with Molecular Dynamics Simulations. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200608. [PMID: 36173980 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Chirality discrimination at a binary toluene (organic)/water(aqueous) interface between R- or S-Tol-BINAP (2,2'-Bis(di-p-tolylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl) molecules and the water-soluble serine chiral specie is examined for the first time, using a combination of interfacial tension measurements and molecular dynamic simulations. Experimental interfacial measurements exhibit a clear chirality-controlled difference when a homochiral versus a heterochiral enantiomeric pairs are introduced at the interfaces. The related molecular dynamics simulations support the experimental results and provide further molecular insight of intermolecular interactions at the interfaces. The results indicate that interfacial tension measurements can capture the preferential interactions which exist between different pairs of enantiomers at the binary interfaces, opening up a new way for probing chirality discrimination at liquid-liquid interfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | | | - Cuiying Jian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, M3 J 1P3, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Tian Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Niu X, Yan S, Zhao R, Han S, Cao K, Li H, Wang K. Chiral template-induced porphyrin-based self-assembled materials for electrochemical chiral sensing. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:61. [PMID: 36662318 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chirality plays a key role in many fields of natural sciences as well as life sciences. Chiral materials are widely developed and used for electrochemical chiral recognition. In recent years, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been widely used as a novel carbon nanomaterial due to their excellent charge transfer properties, good biocompatibility, and low cost. The special structure of π-conjugated porphyrin attracts attention. Supramolecular self-assembly shows a way to construct chiral materials by self-assembling simple molecules into chiral composites. Herein, we demonstrate the self-assembly of achiral porphyrins induced by chiral carbon quantum dots assembled from L- and or D-tryptophan (L- and or D-Trp) with carbon quantum dots, resulting in 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-carboxyPheyl) (TCPP) self-assembled structure. The electrochemical chiral recognition of chiral self-assembled materials was studied using Phenylalanine (Phe) enantiomer as a chiral analyte. Electrochemical chiral recognition results showed that the chiral self-assembled materials induced by chiral templates have a good ability to discriminate Phe enantiomers. Therefore, this research provides a new idea for the synthesis of chiral composites and further expands applications to electrochemical chiral recognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Niu
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Simeng Yan
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Sha Han
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunjie Cao
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Li
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- College of Petrochemical Technology, Lanzhou University of Technology, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee HL, Hung YL, Amin A, Pratama DE, Lee T. Green and Strategic Approach for Chiral Resolution by Diastereomeric Salt Formation: The Study of Racemic Ibuprofen. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung Lin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
| | - Ying Lun Hung
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
| | - Ahmed Amin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
| | - Dhanang Edy Pratama
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
| | - Tu Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 320317, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Adhikari S, Bhujbal S, Paik MJ, Lee W. Enantioseparation and molecular modeling study of chiral amines as three naphthaldimine derivatives using amylose or cellulose trisphenylcarbamate chiral stationary phases. Chirality 2023; 35:29-39. [PMID: 36323631 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the enantioseparation of three chiral amines as naphthaldimine derivatives, using normal phase HPLC with amylose and cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) chiral stationary phases (CSPs). Three chiral amines were derivatized using three structurally similar naphthaldehyde derivatizing agents, and the enantioselectivity of the CSPs toward the derivatives was examined. The degree of enantioseparation and resolution was affected by the amylose or cellulose-derived CSPs and aromatic moieties as well as a kind of chiral amine. Especially, efficient enantiomer separation was observed for 2-hydroxynapthaldimine derivatives on cellulose-derived CSPs. Molecular docking studies of three naphthaldimine derivatives of leucinol on cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) were performed to estimate the binding energies and conformations of the CSP-analyte complexes. The obtained binding energies were in good agreement with the experimentally determined enantioseparation and elution order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Adhikari
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Swapnil Bhujbal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Man-Jeong Paik
- College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea
| | - Wonjae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kaya C, Birgül K, Bülbül B. Fundamentals of chirality, resolution, and enantiopure molecule synthesis methods. Chirality 2023; 35:4-28. [PMID: 36366874 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The chirality of molecules is a concept that explains the interactions in nature. We may observe the same formula but different organizations revolving around the chiral center. Since Pasteur's meticulous observation of sodium ammonium tartrate crystals' structure, scientists have discovered many features of chiral molecules. The number of newly approved single enantiomeric drugs increases every year and takes place in the market. Thus, separation or resolution methods of racemic mixtures are of continued importance in the efficacy of drugs, installation of affordable production processes, and convenient synthetic chemistry practice. This article presents the asymmetric synthesis approaches and the classification of direct resolution methods of chiral molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cem Kaya
- Department of Pharmacy, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Altınbaş University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Birgül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Bahçeşehir University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Bülbül
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Three Pairs of Novel Enantiomeric 8- O-4' Type Neolignans from Saussurea medusa and Their Anti-inflammatory Effects In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214062. [PMID: 36430559 PMCID: PMC9698588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three pairs of novel enantiomeric 8-O-4′ type neolignans (1a/1b−3a/3b), together with seven known analogues (4−10), were isolated from the whole plants of Saussurea medusa. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis and electric circular dichroism (ECD) calculations after chiral separations. All compounds were obtained from S. medusa for the first time, and compounds 1−3 and 5−10 had never been obtained from the genus Saussurea previously. The anti-inflammatory activities of the compounds were evaluated by determining their inhibitory activities on the production of NO and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds (+)-1a, (−)-1b and 5−7 inhibited NO production and had IC50 values ranging from 14.3 ± 1.6 to 41.4 ± 3.1 μM. Compound 7 induced a dose-dependent reduction in the expression of iNOS in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Molecular docking experiments showed that all active compounds exhibited excellent docking scores (<−7.0 kcal/mol) with iNOS. Therefore, compounds (+)-1a, (−)-1b and 5−7 isolated from the whole plants of S. medusa may have therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
35
|
Chen L, Ge L, Liang Q, Zhao Z, Yang K. Eutectic solvents formed by (+)-DTTA and L-menthol as novel chiral recognition and separation media for enantioselective extraction of valsartan enantiomers. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
36
|
Yan J, Zhu Y, Hu G, Liang Q, Ge L, Yang K. Chiral quaternary ammonium ionic liquids derived from natural dehydroabietylamine and their potential application in chiral molecular recognition. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
37
|
Carlsson ACC, Karlsson S, Munday RH, Tatton MR. Approaches to Synthesis and Isolation of Enantiomerically Pure Biologically Active Atropisomers. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2938-2948. [PMID: 36194144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Atropisomerism is a stereochemical phenomenon exhibited by molecules containing a rotationally restricted σ bond. Contrary to classical point chirality, the two atropisomeric stereoisomers exist as a dynamic mixture and can be interconverted without the requirement of breaking and reforming a bond. Although this feature increases structural complexity, atropisomers have become frequent targets in medicinal chemistry projects. Their axial chirality, e.g., from axially chiral biaryl motifs, gives access to unique 3D structures. It is often desirable to have access to both enantiomers of the atropisomers via a nonselective reaction during the early discovery phase as it allows the medicinal chemistry team to probe the structure activity relationship in both directions. However, once a single atropisomer is selected, it presents several problems. First, the pure single atropisomer may interconvert to the undesired stereoisomer under certain conditions. Second, separation of atropisomers is nontrivial and often requires expensive chiral stationary phases using chromatography or additives if a salt resolution approach is chosen. Other options can be kinetic resolution using enzymes or chiral catalysts. However, apart from the high cost often associated with the two latter methods, a maximum yield of only 50% of the desired atropisomer can be obtained. The ideal approach is to install the chiral atropisomeric axis enantioselectively or employing a dynamic kinetic resolution approach. In theory, both approaches have the potential to provide a single atropisomer in quantitative yield. This Account will discuss the successes/failures and challenges we have experienced in developing methods for resolution/separation and asymmetric synthesis of atropisomeric drug candidates in one of our early phase drug development projects. Suitability for the different methods at various stages of the drug development phase is discussed. Depending on the scale and time available, a separation of a mixture of atropisomers by chromatography was sometimes preferred, whereas asymmetric- or resolution approaches were desired for long-term supply. With the use of chromatography, the impact on separation efficiency and solvent consumption, depending on the nature of the substrate, is discussed. We hope that with this Account the readers will get a better view on the challenges medicinal and process chemists meet when designing new atropisomeric drug candidates and developing processes for manufacture of a single atropisomer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Carin C Carlsson
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Staffan Karlsson
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Rachel H Munday
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca Macclesfield, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew R Tatton
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Macclesfield, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
An Innovative Chiral UPLC-MS/MS Method for Enantioselective Determination and Dissipation in Soil of Fenpropidin Enantiomers. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196530. [PMID: 36235065 PMCID: PMC9572594 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a chiral piperidine fungicide, fenpropidin has been widely used to control plant diseases. However, there are rare studies that have investigated fenpropidin at the enantiomer level. In this study, the single-factor analysis combined with a Box-Behnken design was used to obtain the optimal enantio-separation parameters of the fenpropidin enantiomers on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The absolute configuration of two fenpropidin enantiomers was confirmed for the first time using electron circular dichroism and optical activity. On the Lux cellulose-3 column, S-(-)-fenpropidin flowed out before R-(+)-fenpropidin. The enantio-separation mechanism was revealed by molecular docking. A modified QuEChERS method was developed for the trace determination of the fenpropidin enantiomers in seven food and environmental substrates. The average recoveries were 71.5-106.1% with the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations of 0.3-8.9% and 0.5-8.0%. The method was successfully verified by enantioselective dissipation of fenpropidin in soil under the field. R-(+)-fenpropidin dissipated faster than S-(-)-fenpropidin, and the half-lives were 19.8 d and 22.4 d. This study established a brand-new effective chiral analysis method for the fenpropidin enantiomers, providing a basis for accurate residue monitoring and the risk assessment of fenpropidin.
Collapse
|
39
|
Construction of cellulose-based highly sensitive extended-gate field effect chiral sensor. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022:10.1007/s00216-022-04306-x. [PMID: 36102972 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Chiral recognition is an emerging field of modern chemical analysis, and the development of health-related fields depends on the production of enantiomers. Cellulose is a kind of natural polymer material with certain chiral recognition ability. Limited by the chiral recognition ability of natural cellulose itself, more cellulose derivatives have been gradually developed for chiral recognition and separation. Based on the difference in action between cellulose derivatives and enantiomers, this work synthesized cellulose-tris(4-methylphenylcarbamate) (CMPC) chiral recognition mediators and a CMPC-functionalized extended-gate organic field effect transistor (EG-OFET) was constructed for the first time. Three chiral molecules were selected as model analytes to evaluate the enantiomeric recognition ability of the platform, including threonine (Thr), 2-chloromandelic acid (CA), and 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEA). The detection limit for 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (DPEA) is down to 10-13 M. Through the amplification effect of the EG-OFET platform, the difference in the interaction between CMPC and three chiral molecules with different structures is converted into a current signal output. At the same time, the enantiomer discrimination mechanism of CMPC was further studied by means of spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance.
Collapse
|
40
|
Li K, Xiong LX, Wang Y, Zhang YP, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Zhang JH, Yuan LM. Preparation and evaluation of a chiral porous organic cage based chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation in high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1679:463415. [PMID: 35977455 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Porous organic cages (POCs) are a new kind of porous molecular materials, which have gained widespread interest in many fields due to their intriguing properties, including excellent molecular solubility, inherent molecular cavity and rich host-guest chemistry. To date, many chiral POCs have been explored as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for gas chromatographic (GC) separation of enantiomers. However, the applications of chiral POCs for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) enantiomeric separation is extremely rare. In this study, we report the construction of thiol-ene click reaction for the preparation of CSP for HPLC by using a [4+8]-type chiral POC NC4-R as chiral selector. The fabricated CSP showed good chiral resolution performance not only in normal-phase HPLC (NP-HPLC) but also in reversed-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC). Seventeen and ten racemates were well resolved in the two separation modes, respectively, including ketones, esters, alcohols, phenols, amines, ethers, organic acids, and amino acids. Moreover, the fabricated column also shows good chiral recognition complementarity to two popular chiral HPLC columns (Chiralpak AD-H and Chiralcel OD-H columns) and previously reported chiral POC NC1-R-based HPLC column, which can resolve some racemates that unable to be resolved by the two commercially available chiral HPLC columns and NC1-R-based column. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values (n = 4) of retention time and resolution (Rs) of analytes separated on the column were less than 0.3 % and 0.5 % after it was subjected to different injections, showing the good reproducibility and stability of the NC4-R-based column. This work demonstrated high potentials of chiral POCs for HPLC enantioseparation and the applicability of chiral POC-based HPLC columns can be broadened by developing more chiral POCs with diverse structures as chiral selector for HPLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Xiao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - You-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China.
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China.
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yerra S, Babu PNK, Sreenivasulu B, Sharma HK, Rao BV. Development and validation of a novel stability-indicating reverse phase HPLC method for the determination of sacubitril-valsartan premix stereoisomers: Cellulose tris(4-methyl benzoate) stationary phase. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3714-3724. [PMID: 35907257 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A new stability indicating reverse phase HPLC method has been developed, optimized and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines for the determination of stereoisomers namely (2R)-valsartan, (2S,4S)-sacubitril, (2R,4S)-sacubitril and (2R,4R)-sacubitril in sacubitril-valsartan premix. Primarily, stability indicating separation study was done on reverse phase LC conditions; it was described by peak homogeneity of sacubitril-valsartan and its stereoisomers. Separation achieved on cellulose tris(4-methylbenzoate) packing column Chiralcel OJ-RH(150 mm x 4.6 mm), 5 μm than those of amylose based stationary phase's. Resolution between two arbitrary adjacent analyte was found to be more than 2.0 with 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water as mobile phase-A and mobile phase-B consisting of acetonitrile, methanol and trifluoroacetic acid (90:10:0.1 v/v/v). Gradient elution was performed at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, column temperature 20°C, injection volume 10 μL, UV detection at 254 nm and run time was 52 mins. The detector response found to be linear (R2 ≥ 0.9998), limit of detection (0.290 μg/mL, 0.122 μg/mL, 0.123 μg/mL and 0.124 μg/mL) and limit of quantification (0.878 μg/mL, 0.370 μg/mL, 0.373 μg/mL and 0.375 μg/mL), respectively. Percentage recovery found to be 98-105. Finally, the proposed method is user-friendly and can be used in bulk drugs analysis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhakar Yerra
- APL Research Centre - II (A Division of Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.), Survey No.71 & 72, Indrakaran village, Kandi mandal, Sangareddy Hyderabad, 502329, India.,Department of Organic chemistry, AU College of Science and Technology, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India
| | - P N Kishore Babu
- APL Research Centre - II (A Division of Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.), Survey No.71 & 72, Indrakaran village, Kandi mandal, Sangareddy Hyderabad, 502329, India
| | - B Sreenivasulu
- APL Research Centre - II (A Division of Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.), Survey No.71 & 72, Indrakaran village, Kandi mandal, Sangareddy Hyderabad, 502329, India
| | - Hemant Kumar Sharma
- APL Research Centre - II (A Division of Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.), Survey No.71 & 72, Indrakaran village, Kandi mandal, Sangareddy Hyderabad, 502329, India
| | - B Venkateswara Rao
- Department of Organic chemistry, AU College of Science and Technology, Visakhapatnam, 530003, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Dummert SV, Saini H, Hussain MZ, Yadava K, Jayaramulu K, Casini A, Fischer RA. Cyclodextrin metal-organic frameworks and derivatives: recent developments and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5175-5213. [PMID: 35670434 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00550b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
While there is a tremendous amount of scientific research on metal organic frameworks (MOFs) for gas storage/separation, catalysis and energy storage, the development and application of biocompatible MOFs still poses major challenges. In general, they can be synthesised from various biocompatible linkers and metal ions but particularly cyclodextrins (CDs) as cyclic oligosaccharides are an astute choice for the former. Although the field of CD-MOF materials is still in the early stages and their design and fabrication comes with many hurdles, the benefits coming from CDs built in a porous framework are exciting. Versatile host-guest complexation abilities, high encapsulation capacity and hydrophilicity are among the valuable properties inherent to CDs and offer extended and novel applications to MOFs. In this review, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art synthesis, design, properties and applications of these materials. Initially, a rationale for the preparation of CD-based MOFs is provided, based on the chemical and structural properties of CDs and including their advantages and disadvantages. Further on, the review exhaustively surveys CD-MOF based materials by categorising them into three sub-classes, namely (i) CD-MOFs, (ii) CD-MOF hybrids, obtained via combination with external materials, and (iii) CD-MOF-derived materials prepared under pyrolytic conditions. Subsequently, CD-based MOFs in practical applications, such as drug delivery and cancer therapy, sensors, gas storage, (enantiomer) separations, electrical devices, food industry, and agriculture, are discussed. We conclude by summarizing the state of the art in the field and highlighting some promising future developments of CD-MOFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V Dummert
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Haneesh Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 181221, India.
| | - Mian Zahid Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Khushboo Yadava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 181221, India. .,Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia 741246, India
| | - Kolleboyina Jayaramulu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir, 181221, India.
| | - Angela Casini
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Roland A Fischer
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhang YP, Xiong LX, Wang Y, Li K, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Zhang JH, Yuan LM. Preparation of chiral stationary phase based on a [3+3] chiral polyimine macrocycle by thiol-ene click chemistry for enantioseparation in normal-phase and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463253. [PMID: 35732093 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyimine macrocycles are a new class of organic macrocycles with cyclic structures, well-defined molecular cavities, and multiple cooperative binding sites, which have recently aroused considerable research interest in molecular recognition and separation. Herein, we report the bonding of a [3+3] chiral polyimine macrocycle (H3L, C78H78N6O3) on thiol-functionalized silica gel using thiol-ene click chemistry to prepare a chiral stationary phase (CSP) for high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The fabricated column exhibited excellent chiral separation capability under both normal-phase and reversed-phase conditions. Fourteen and 10 racemates were well resolved on the column in normal-phase mode (using n-hexane/isopropanol as the mobile phase) and reversed-phase mode (using methanol/water as the mobile phase), respectively, including alcohols, esters, ethers, ketones, aldehydes, epoxides and organic acids. Moreover, the column also shows good selectivity toward positional isomers. Six positional isomers (dinitrobenzene, chloroaniline, bromoaniline, iodoaniline, nitrobrobenzene and nitrochlorobenzene) were well separated on the column. In addition, the effects of the injection mass and mobile phase composition on the separation were investigated. The column shows good reproducibility and stability after multiple injections with the relative standard deviation (RSD) (n = 5) of the retention time and resolution being < 0.96 % and 0.65 %, respectively. This study indicates that this type of chiral polyimine macrocycles is a promising chiral selector for HPLC enantioseparation and will push forward the applications of more novel chiral macrocycles for chiral chromatographic separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Ling-Xiao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Kuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, PR China.
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, PR China.
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhu C, Yang K, Wang H, Fang Y, Feng L, Zhang J, Xiao Z, Wu X, Li Y, Fu Y, Zhang W, Wang KY, Zhou HC. Enantioseparation in Hierarchically Porous Assemblies of Homochiral Cages. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:562-570. [PMID: 35647277 PMCID: PMC9136985 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Efficient enantioselective separation using porous materials requires tailored and diverse pore environments to interact with chiral substrates; yet, current cage materials usually feature uniform pores. Herein, we report two porous assemblies, PCC-60 and PCC-67, using isostructural octahedral cages with intrinsic microporous cavities of 1.5 nm. The PCC-67 adopts a densely packed mode, while the PCC-60 is a hierarchically porous assembly featuring interconnected 2.4 nm mesopores. Compared with PCC-67, the PCC-60 demonstrates excellent enantioselectivity and recyclability in separating racemic diols and amides. This solid adsorbent PCC-60 is further utilized as a chiral stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), enabling the complete separation of six valuable pharmaceutical intermediates. According to quantitative dynamic experiments, the hierarchical pores facilitate the mass transfer within the superstructure, shortening the equilibrium time for adsorbing chiral substrates. Notably, this hierarchically porous material PCC-60 indicates remarkably higher enantiomeric excess (ee) values in separating racemates than PCC-67 with uniform microporous cavities. Control experiments confirm that the presence of mesopores enables the PCC-60 to separate bulky substrates. These results uncover the traditionally underestimated role of hierarchical porosity in porous-superstructure-based enantioseparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengfeng Zhu
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction
Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Keke Yang
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction
Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhao Wang
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction
Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yu Fang
- State
Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan
University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Liang Feng
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Xiang Wu
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction
Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yougui Li
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction
Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Yanming Fu
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction
Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Anhui
Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction
Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, P. R. China
| | - Kun-Yu Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3255, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas
A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3003, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Guo S, Huang C, Bo C, Ma S, Gong B, Ou J. Comparison of vancomycin-immobilized chiral stationary phase with its derivative for enantioseparation of drugs in high-performance liquid chromatography. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
47
|
Retarded transport properties of graphene oxide based chiral separation membranes modified with dipeptide. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
48
|
Eun DB, Jeong YH, Ryoo JJ. Improvement of chiral separation efficiency through temperature control during one time high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Chirality 2022; 34:941-947. [PMID: 35352403 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study examined how manual temperature control affects the separation of two enantiomers of five racemic mixtures using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in terms of separation factor (α), resolution (Rs), and the number of theoretical plates (N). The results showed that heating/cooling during one time HPLC analysis improved the separation factor and resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Bi Eun
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook Nat'l Univ. Daegu, South Korea
| | - Young Han Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook Nat'l Univ. Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae Jeong Ryoo
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kyungpook Nat'l Univ. Daegu, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Synthetic Cathinones: Recent Developments, Enantioselectivity Studies and Enantioseparation Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072057. [PMID: 35408456 PMCID: PMC9000803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
New psychoactive substances represent a public health threat since they are not controlled by international conventions, are easily accessible online and are sold as a legal alternative to illicit drugs. Among them, synthetic cathinones are widely abused due to their stimulant and hallucinogenic effects. To circumvent the law, new derivatives are clandestinely synthesized and, therefore, synthetic cathinones keep emerging on the drug market, with their chemical and toxicological properties still unknown. In this review, a literature assessment about synthetic cathinones is presented focusing on the recent developments, which include more than 50 derivatives since 2014. A summary of their toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic properties are also presented. Furthermore, synthetic cathinones are chiral compounds, meaning that they can exist as two enantiomeric forms which may present different biological and toxicological activities. To analyze the enantiomers, the development of enantiomeric resolution methods for synthetic cathinones is crucial. Many methods have been reported over the years that include mostly chromatographic and electromigration techniques, with liquid chromatography using chiral stationary phases being the technique of choice. This review intended to present an overview of enantioselectivity studies and enantioseparation analysis regarding synthetic cathinones, highlighting the relevance of chirality and current trends.
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang Y, Chen JK, Xiong LX, Wang BJ, Xie SM, Zhang JH, Yuan LM. Preparation of Novel Chiral Stationary Phases Based on the Chiral Porous Organic Cage by Thiol-ene Click Chemistry for Enantioseparation in HPLC. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4961-4969. [PMID: 35306818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Porous organic cages (POCs) are an emerging class of porous materials that have aroused considerable research interest because of their unique characteristics, including good solubility and a well-defined intrinsic cavity. However, there have so far been no reports of chiral POCs as chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for enantioseparation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Herein, we report the first immobilization of a chiral POC, NC1-R, on thiol-functionalized silica using a mild thiol-ene click reaction to prepare novel CSPs for HPLC. Two CSPs (CSP-1 and CSP-2) with different spacers have been prepared. CSP-1, with a cationic imidazolium spacer, exhibited excellent enantioselectivity for the resolution of various racemates. Twenty-three and 12 racemic compounds or chiral drugs were well enantioseparated on the CSP-1-packed column under normal-phase and reversed-phase conditions, respectively, including alcohols, diols, esters, ethers, ketones, epoxides, organic acids, and amines. In contrast, chiral resolution using CSP-2 (without a cationic imidazolium spacer)-packed column B was inferior to that of column A, demonstrating the important role of the cationic imidazolium spacer for chiral separation. The chiral separation capability of column A was also compared with that of two most popular commercial chiral columns, Chiralpak AD-H and Chiralcel OD-H, which exhibits good chiral recognition complementarity with the two commercial chiral columns. In addition, five positional isomers dinitrobenzene, nitroaniline, chloroaniline, bromoaniline, and iodoaniline were also well separated on column A. The effects of temperature, mobile phase composition, and injected analyte mass for separation on column A were investigated. Column A also showed good stability and reproducibility after repeated injections. This work demonstrates that chiral POCs are promising chiral materials for HPLC enantioseparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-Xiao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Bang-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Ming Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Hui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|