1
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Araújo-Gomes N, Zoetebier-Liszka B, van Loo B, Becker M, Nijhuis S, Smink AM, de Haan BJ, de Vos P, Karperien M, Leijten J. Microfluidic Generation of Thin-Shelled Polyethylene Glycol-Tyramine Microgels for Non-Invasive Delivery of Immunoprotected β-Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2301552. [PMID: 37548084 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202301552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of microencapsulated pancreatic cells is emerging as a promising therapy to replenish β-cell mass lost from auto-immune nature of type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This strategy intends to use micrometer-sized microgels to provide immunoprotection to transplanted cells to avoid chronic application of immunosuppression. Clinical application of encapsulation has remained elusive due to often limited production throughputs and body's immunological reactions to implanted materials. This article presents a high-throughput fabrication of monodisperse, non-immunogenic, non-degradable, immunoprotective, semi-permeable, enzymatically-crosslinkable polyethylene glycol-tyramine (PEG-TA) microgels for β-cell microencapsulation. Monodisperse β-cell laden microgels of ≈120 µm, with a shell thickness of 20 µm are produced using an outside-in crosslinking strategy. Microencapsulated β-cells rapidly self-assemble into islet-sized spheroids. Immunoprotection of the microencapsulated is demonstrated by inability of FITC-IgG antibodies to diffuse into cell-laden microgels and NK-cell inability to kill microencapsulated β-cells. Multiplexed ELISA analysis on live blood immune reactivity confirms limited immunogenicity. Microencapsulated MIN6β1 spheroids remain glucose responsive for 28 days in vitro, and able to restore normoglycemia 5 days post-implantation in diabetic mice without notable amounts of cell death. In short, PEG-TA microgels effectively protect implanted cells from the host's immune system while being viable and functional, validating this strategy for the treatment of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Araújo-Gomes
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Zoetebier-Liszka
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
| | - Bas van Loo
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
| | - Malin Becker
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Nijhuis
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra M Smink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Section of Immunoendocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J de Haan
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Section of Immunoendocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Section of Immunoendocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9713 GZ, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Leijten
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Drienerlolaan 5, Enschede, 7522NB, The Netherlands
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2
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Zygadlo K, Liu CH, Bernardo ER, Ai H, Nieh MP, Hanson LA. Correlating structural changes in thermoresponsive hydrogels to the optical response of embedded plasmonic nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 6:146-154. [PMID: 38125594 PMCID: PMC10729875 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00758h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive microgels, composed of small beads with soft, deformable polymer networks swollen through a combination of synthetic control over the polymer and its interaction with water, form a versatile platform for development of multifunctional and biocompatible sensors. The interfacial structural variation of such materials at a nanometer length scale is essential to their function, but not yet fully comprehended. Here, we take advantage of the plasmonic response of a gold nanorod embedded in a thermoresponsive microgel (AuNR@PNIPMAm) to monitor structural changes in the hydrogel directly near the nanorod surface. By direct comparison of the plasmon response against measurements of the hydrogel structure from dynamic light scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance, we find that the microgel shell of batch-polymerized AuNR@PNIPMAm exhibits a heterogeneous volume phase transition reflected by different onset temperatures for changes in the hydrodyanmic radius (RH) and plasmon resonance, respectively. The new approach of contrasting plasmonic response (a measure of local surface hydrogel structure) with RH and relaxation times paves a new path to gain valuable insight for the design of plasmonic sensors based on stimuli-responsive hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Zygadlo
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity College Hartford CT 06106 USA
| | - Chung-Hao Liu
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
| | | | - Huayue Ai
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity College Hartford CT 06106 USA
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
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3
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Itzhakov R, Hak H, Sadhasivam S, Belausov E, Fallik E, Spiegelman Z, Sionov E, Poverenov E. Nanogel Particles Based on Modified Nucleosides and Oligosaccharides as Advanced Delivery System. ACS NANO 2023; 17:23020-23031. [PMID: 37934119 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
This work addresses the challenge of delivering bioactive molecules by designing biocompatible nanogel particles (NGPs) utilizing rationally modified nature-sourced building blocks: capryl-oligochitosan and oxidized inosine. Capryl substituents endowed the resultant NGPs with membrane-penetration capabilities, while purine-containing inosine allowed H-bond/π-π/π-cation interactions. The prepared NGPs were complexed with carboxyfluorescein-labeled single-stranded oligonucleotide (FAM-oligo) and DsRed-encoding plasmid DNA. The successful delivery of FAM-oligo to the cell cytoplasm of the Nicotiana benthamiana plant was observed. Alexa 555-labeled bovine serum albumin (Alexa 555-BSA) was also efficiently encapsulated and delivered to the plant. In addition to delivering FAM-oligo and Alexa 555-BSA separately, NGPs also successfully co-delivered both biomolecules to the plant. Finally, NGPs successfully encapsulated the drug amphotericin B and reduced its toxicity while maintaining its efficacy. The presented findings suggest that NGPs may become a promising platform for the advanced delivery of bioactive molecules in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Itzhakov
- Agro-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Biochemistry and Food Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hagit Hak
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Sudharsan Sadhasivam
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Biochemistry and Food Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Institute of Food and Postharvest Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Elazar Fallik
- Institute of Food and Postharvest Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Ziv Spiegelman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Edward Sionov
- Institute of Food and Postharvest Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
| | - Elena Poverenov
- Agro-Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
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4
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Kawamoto T, Yanagi K, Nishizawa Y, Minato H, Suzuki D. The compression of deformed microgels at an air/water interface. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13289-13292. [PMID: 37830179 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The compression of deformed hydrogel microspheres (microgels) at air/water interfaces was investigated using a Langmuir-Blodgett trough with simultaneous in situ visualization of the process using a fluorescent microscope. The relationship between the structure of the microgel arrays and the compression behavior was clarified using microgels with different degrees of crosslinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Kawamoto
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Kohei Yanagi
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Haruka Minato
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
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5
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Tang T, Liu C, Min Z, Cai W, Zhang X, Li W, Zhang A. Microfluidic Fabrication of Gelatin Acrylamide Microgels through Visible Light Photopolymerization for Cell Encapsulation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 37289861 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin-based microgels are intriguing for various biomedical applications, which are conventionally prepared through photopolymerization of gelatin methacrylamide (GelMA). Here, we report on the modification of gelatin through acrylamidation to form gelatin acrylamide (GelA) with different substitution degrees, which was found to exhibit fast photopolymerization kinetics, better gelation, steady viscosity at elevated temperatures, and satisfying biocompatibility when compared to GelMA. By the online photopolymerization strategy with a home-made microfluidic setting, microgels of uniform sizes from GelA by blue light were obtained and their swollen properties were investigated. Compared to the microgels from GelMA, they showed an enhanced cross-linking degree and have better shape stability when swollen in water. Cell toxicities of the hydrogels from GelA and cell encapsulation from the corresponding microgels were investigated, which were found to exhibit superior properties than those from GelMA. We therefore believe that GelA has potential for constructing scaffolds for bioapplications and can be an excellent substitute for GelMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic & Smart Polymers, School of Materials and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chang Liu
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic & Smart Polymers, School of Materials and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zeqi Min
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic & Smart Polymers, School of Materials and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wenjing Cai
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic & Smart Polymers, School of Materials and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiacong Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic & Smart Polymers, School of Materials and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wen Li
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic & Smart Polymers, School of Materials and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Afang Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory of Biomimetic & Smart Polymers, School of Materials and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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6
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Nishizawa Y, Inui T, Namioka R, Uchihashi T, Watanabe T, Suzuki D. Clarification of Surface Deswelling of Thermoresponsive Microgels by Electrophoresis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:16084-16093. [PMID: 36441944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although many investigations of thermoresponsive microgels have been reported, their surface properties, which are crucial in colloid science, are still not fully understood. In this study, microgels with surface-localized charged groups were synthesized by precipitation polymerization, and their electrophoretic behaviors were analyzed using a modified version of Ohshima's equation to obtain two surface properties of the soft particles: the softness parameter and the surface charge density. This systematic evaluation allows us to discuss the thermoresponsiveness of the overall microgels and their surfaces separately. Furthermore, the validity of the surface properties obtained from electrophoresis was verified by comparing them with the results of seeded emulsion polymerization in the presence of the microgels and the force-indentation curves obtained via high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano386-8567, Japan
| | - Takumi Inui
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano386-8567, Japan
| | - Ryuji Namioka
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano386-8567, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uchihashi
- Department of Physics and Structural Biology Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chiksusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi464-8602, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Science, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi444-8787, Japan
| | - Takumi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano386-8567, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano386-8567, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano386-8567, Japan
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7
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Liu P, Freeley M, Zarbakhsh A, Resmini M. Adsorption of soft NIPAM nanogels at hydrophobic and hydrophilic interfaces: Conformation of the interfacial layers determined by neutron reflectivity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 623:337-347. [PMID: 35594592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The application of stimuli-responsive microgels and nanogels in drug delivery, catalysis, sensing, and coatings is restricted currently by the limited understanding of the factors influencing their adsorption dynamics and structural changes at interfaces. We have used neutron reflectivity to resolve, on the Ångström scale, the structure of 5% crosslinked N-isopropylacrylamide nanogels at both hydrophobic and hydrophilic interfaces in situ, as a function of temperature and bulk nanogel concentration. Our results show that the higher flexibility given by the low crosslinker content allows for a more ordered structure and packing. The adsorption of the thermoresponsive nanogels is primarily driven by temperature, more specifically its proximity to its volume phase transition temperature, while concentration plays a secondary role. Hydrophobic interactions drive the conformation of the first layer at the interface, which plays a key role in influencing the overall nanogel structure. The mobility of the first layer at the air-water interface as opposed to the interfacial confinement at the solid (SiC8)-liquid interface, results in a different conformation, a more compact and less deformed packing structure, which ultimately drives the structure of the subsequent layers. The evidence for the different structural conformations determined by the degree of hydrophobicity of the interface provides new knowledge, which is essential for the development of further applications. The key role of hydrophobic interactions in driving adsorption and interfacial behavior was also confirmed by fluid AFM experiments which visualized adherence of the nanogels to SiC8 modified surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, SPCS, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Mark Freeley
- Department of Chemistry, SPCS, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Ali Zarbakhsh
- Department of Chemistry, SPCS, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Marina Resmini
- Department of Chemistry, SPCS, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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8
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Kim E, Lee H. Mechanical characterization of soft microparticles prepared by droplet microfluidics. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunseo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang South Korea
| | - Hyomin Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang South Korea
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9
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Schulte MF, Izak-Nau E, Braun S, Pich A, Richtering W, Göstl R. Microgels react to force: mechanical properties, syntheses, and force-activated functions. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2939-2956. [PMID: 35319064 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00011c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microgels are colloidal polymer networks with high molar mass and properties between rigid particles, flexible macromolecules, and micellar aggregates. Their unique stimuli-responsiveness in conjunction with their colloidal phase behavior render them useful for many applications ranging from engineering to biomedicine. In many scenarios either the microgel's mechanical properties or its interactions with mechanical force play an important role. Here, we firstly explain microgel mechanical properties and how these are measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM), then we equip the reader with the synthetic background to understand how specific architectures and chemical functionalities enable these mechanical properties, and eventually we elucidate how the interaction of force with microgels can lead to the activation of latent functionality. Since the interaction of microgels with force is a multiscale and multidisciplinary subject, we introduce and interconnect the different research areas that contribute to the understanding of this emerging field in this Tutorial Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Friederike Schulte
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Emilia Izak-Nau
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Susanne Braun
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany. .,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany. .,Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Maastricht University, Aachen Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Brightlands Chemelot Campus, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany.
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10
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Chen S, Pirhadi E, Yong X. Viscoelastic necking dynamics between attractive microgels. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 618:283-289. [PMID: 35344881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Microgels can deform and interpenetrate and display colloid/polymer duality. The effective interaction of microgels in the collapsed state is governed by the interplay of polymer-solvent interfacial tension and bulk elasticity. A connecting neck is shown to mediate microgel interaction, but its temporal evolution has not been addressed. We hypothesize that the necking dynamics of attractive microgels exhibits liquid-like or solid-like behavior over different time and length scales. EXPERIMENTS We simulate the merging and pinching of attractive microgels with different crosslinking densities in explicit solvent using dissipative particle dynamics. The temporal coalescence dynamics of microgels is investigated and compared with simple liquid and polymeric droplets. We model the neck growth on long time scales using Maxwell model of polymer relaxation and compare the theoretical prediction with simulation data. The mechanical strength of the neck is characterized systematically via simulated pinch-off of microgels by steered molecular dynamics. FINDINGS We evidence a crossover in the coalescence dynamics reflecting the viscoelastic signature of microgels. In contrast to the common knowledge that viscoelastic materials respond elastically on short time scales, the early expansion of the microgel neck exhibits a linear behavior, similar to the viscous coalescence of liquid droplets. However, the late regime with arrested dynamics resembles sintering of solid particles. Through an analytical model relating microgel dynamics to neck growth, we show that the long-term behavior is governed by stress relaxation of the polymers in the neck region and predict an exponential decay in the rate of growth, which agrees favorably with the simulation. Different from coalescence, the thread thinning in microgel breakup primarily highlights its polymeric characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shensheng Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Emad Pirhadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Xin Yong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, The State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA.
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11
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Rivas-Barbosa R, Ruiz-Franco J, Lara-Peña MA, Cardellini J, Licea-Claverie A, Camerin F, Zaccarelli E, Laurati M. Link between Morphology, Structure, and Interactions of Composite Microgels. Macromolecules 2022; 55:1834-1843. [PMID: 35283539 PMCID: PMC8908736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We combine small-angle scattering experiments and simulations to investigate the internal structure and interactions of composite poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PNIPAM-PEG) microgels. At low temperatures the experimentally determined form factors and the simulated density profiles indicate a loose internal particle structure with an extended corona that can be modeled as a starlike object. With increasing temperature across the volumetric phase transition, the form factor develops an inflection that, using simulations, is interpreted as arising from a conformation in which PEG chains are incorporated in the interior of the PNIPAM network. This gives rise to a peculiar density profile characterized by two dense, separated regions, at odds with configurations in which the PEG chains reside on the surface of the PNIPAM core. The conformation of the PEG chains also have profound effects on the interparticle interactions: Although chains on the surface reduce the solvophobic attraction typically experienced by PNIPAM particles at high temperatures, PEG chains inside the PNIPAM network shift the onset of attractive interaction at even lower temperatures. Our results show that by tuning the morphology of the composite microgels, we can qualitatively change both their structure and their mutual interactions, opening the way to explore new collective behaviors of these objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Rivas-Barbosa
- Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- División
de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad
de Guanajuato, Lomas del Bosque 103, 37150 León, Mexico
| | - José Ruiz-Franco
- Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- CNR
Institute of Complex Systems, Uos Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Physical
Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen University
& Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mayra A. Lara-Peña
- División
de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad
de Guanajuato, Lomas del Bosque 103, 37150 León, Mexico
| | - Jacopo Cardellini
- Dipartimento
di Chimica and CSGI, Universitá di
Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Angel Licea-Claverie
- Centro
de Graduados e Investigación en Química del Tecnológico
Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico
de Tijuana, 22500 Tijuana, Mexico
| | - Fabrizio Camerin
- Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- CNR
Institute of Complex Systems, Uos Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Emanuela Zaccarelli
- Department
of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
- CNR
Institute of Complex Systems, Uos Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Laurati
- Dipartimento
di Chimica and CSGI, Universitá di
Firenze, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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12
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Kittel Y, Kuehne AJC, De Laporte L. Translating Therapeutic Microgels into Clinical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2101989. [PMID: 34826201 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microgels are crosslinked, water-swollen networks with a 10 nm to 100 µm diameter and can be modified chemically or biologically to render them biocompatible for advanced clinical applications. Depending on their intended use, microgels require different mechanical and structural properties, which can be engineered on demand by altering the biochemical composition, crosslink density of the polymer network, and the fabrication method. Here, the fundamental aspects of microgel research and development, as well as their specific applications for theranostics and therapy in the clinic, are discussed. A detailed overview of microgel fabrication techniques with regards to their intended clinical application is presented, while focusing on how microgels can be employed as local drug delivery materials, scavengers, and contrast agents. Moreover, microgels can act as scaffolds for tissue engineering and regeneration application. Finally, an overview of microgels is given, which already made it into pre-clinical and clinical trials, while future challenges and chances are discussed. This review presents an instructive guideline for chemists, material scientists, and researchers in the biomedical field to introduce them to the fundamental physicochemical properties of microgels and guide them from fabrication methods via characterization techniques and functionalization of microgels toward specific applications in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonca Kittel
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstrasse 50 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Alexander J. C. Kuehne
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstrasse 50 52074 Aachen Germany
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Ulm University Albert‐Einstein‐Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC) Polymeric Biomaterials RWTH University Aachen Worringerweg 2 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Laura De Laporte
- DWI – Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstrasse 50 52074 Aachen Germany
- Max Planck School‐Matter to Life (MtL) Jahnstraße 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Advanced Materials for Biomedicine (AMB) Institute of Applied Medical Engineering (AME) Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS) University Hospital RWTH 52074 Aachen Germany
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13
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14
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Holmes JT, Jaberansari Z, Collins W, Latour ML, Modulevsky DJ, Pelling AE. Homemade bread: Repurposing an ancient technology for in vitro tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2021; 280:121267. [PMID: 34823886 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Numerous biomaterial scaffolds have been developed which provide architectures to support the proliferation of mammalian cells. Scaffolds derived from plant components have been utilized in several tissue engineering applications, including the production of cultured meats. Bread crumb is a common ingredient employed as a texturizer and filler in existing manufacturing processes for the production of animal meat products. Though an unconventional choice as a scaffolding material, we developed a yeast-free "soda bread" with controllable porosity and mechanical properties which is stable over several weeks in culture with fibroblasts, myoblasts and pre-osteoblasts. All cells were able to proliferate throughout the three-dimensional scaffolds, depositing extra-cellular matrix while exhibiting low stress and high viability. Importantly, myoblasts were also able to differentiate into myotubes, a key step required for the culture of skeletal muscle tissue. The results suggest opportunities for the dual-use possibility of utilizing existing texturizer and filler components in future lab grown meat products, however this will of course require further validation. Regardless, the bread-derived scaffolds presented here are simply produced, inherently edible and support muscle tissue engineering, qualities which highlight their utility in the production of future meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica T Holmes
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, STEM Complex, 150 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N5N5, Canada
| | - Ziba Jaberansari
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, STEM Complex, 150 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N5N5, Canada
| | - William Collins
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, STEM Complex, 150 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N5N5, Canada
| | - Maxime Leblanc Latour
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, STEM Complex, 150 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N5N5, Canada
| | - Daniel J Modulevsky
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Gendron Hall, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N5N5, Canada
| | - Andrew E Pelling
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, STEM Complex, 150 Louis Pasteur Pvt., Ottawa, ON, K1N5N5, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Gendron Hall, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, K1N5N5, Canada; Institute for Science Society and Policy, University of Ottaw, Simard Hall, 60 Universitya, Ottawa, ON, K1N5N5, Canada; SymbioticA, School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
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15
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Kozlovskaya V, Xue B, Dolmat M, Kharlampieva E. Complete pH-Dependent Shape Recovery in Cubical Hydrogel Capsules after Large Osmotic Deformations. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Bing Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Maksim Dolmat
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
- Center of Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
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16
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Aguirre G, Taboada P, Billon L. Spontaneously Self-Assembled Microgel Film as Co-Delivery System for Skincare Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1422. [PMID: 34575498 PMCID: PMC8472779 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the design of innovative delivery systems is driving new product developments in the field of skincare. In this regard, serving as potential candidates for on-demand drug delivery and fulfilling advanced mechanical and optical properties together with surface protection, spontaneously self-assembled microgel films can be proposed as ideal smart skincare systems. Currently, the high encapsulation of more than one drug simultaneously in a film is a very challenging task. Herein, different ratios (1:1, 3:1, 9:1) of different mixtures of hydrophilic/hydrophobic UVA/UVB-absorbers working together in synergy and used for skin protection were encapsulated efficiently into spontaneously self-assembled microgel films. In addition, in vitro release profiles show a controlled release of the different active molecules regulated by the pH and temperature of the medium. The analysis of the release mechanisms by the Peppas-Sahlin model indicated a superposition of diffusion-controlled and swelling-controlled releases. Finally, the distribution of active molecule mixtures into the film was studied by confocal Raman microscopy imaging corroborating the release profiles obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garbine Aguirre
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques & de PhysicoChimie pour l’Environnement & les Matériaux, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, UMR5254, 64000 Pau, France;
- Bio-Inspired Materials Group, Functionalities & Self-Assembly, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, 64000 Pau, France
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Particle Physics Department, Faculty of Physics, 15782 Campus Sur, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Laurent Billon
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques & de PhysicoChimie pour l’Environnement & les Matériaux, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, UMR5254, 64000 Pau, France;
- Bio-Inspired Materials Group, Functionalities & Self-Assembly, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue Angot, 64000 Pau, France
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17
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Büning D, Schumacher J, Helling A, Chakroun R, Ennen-Roth F, Gröschel AH, Thom V, Ulbricht M. Soft synthetic microgels as mimics of mycoplasma. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:6445-6460. [PMID: 34132722 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00379h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Artificial model colloids are of special interest in the development of advanced sterile filters, as they are able to efficiently separate pleomorphic, highly deformable and infectious bacteria such as mycoplasma, which, until now, has been considered rather challenging and laborious. This study presents a full range of different soft to super soft synthetic polymeric microgels, including two types with similar hydrodynamic mean diameter, i.e., 180 nm, and zeta potential, i.e., -25 ± 10 mV, but different deformability, synthesized by inverse miniemulsion terpolymerization of acrylamide, sodium acrylate and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide. These microgels were characterized by means of dynamic, electrophoretic and static light scattering techniques. In addition, the deformability of the colloids was investigated by filter cake compressibility studies during ultrafiltration in dead-end mode, analogously to a study of real mycoplasma, i.e., Acholeplasma laidlawii, to allow for a direct comparison. The results indicate that the variation of the synthesis parameters, i.e., crosslinker content, polymeric solid content and content of sodium acrylate, has a significant impact on the swelling behavior of the microgels in aqueous solution as well as on their deformability under filtration conditions. A higher density of chemical crosslinking points results in less swollen and more rigid microgels. Furthermore, these parameters determine electrokinetic properties of the more or less permeable colloids. Overall, it is shown that these soft synthetic microgels can be obtained with tailor-made properties, covering the size of smallest species of and otherwise similar to real mycoplasma. This is a relevant first step towards the future use of synthetic microgels as mimics for mycoplasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Büning
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Jens Schumacher
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Alexander Helling
- Sartorius Stedim Biotech GmbH, August-Spindler-Straße 11, 37079 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ramzi Chakroun
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Franka Ennen-Roth
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Andre H Gröschel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Volkmar Thom
- Sartorius Stedim Biotech GmbH, August-Spindler-Straße 11, 37079 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mathias Ulbricht
- Lehrstuhl für Technische Chemie II, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Kenshiro Honda
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
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19
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Nishizawa Y, Minato H, Inui T, Saito I, Kureha T, Shibayama M, Uchihashi T, Suzuki D. Nanostructure and thermoresponsiveness of poly( N-isopropyl methacrylamide)-based hydrogel microspheres prepared via aqueous free radical precipitation polymerization. RSC Adv 2021; 11:13130-13137. [PMID: 35423887 PMCID: PMC8697349 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01650d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive hydrogel microspheres (microgels) are smart materials that quickly respond to external stimuli, and their thermoresponsiveness can be tuned by varying the constituent chemical species. Although uniformly sized microgels can be prepared via aqueous free radical precipitation polymerization, the nanostructure of the obtained microgels is complex and remains unclear so far. In the present study, the nanostructure and thermoresponsiveness of poly(N-isopropyl methacrylamide) (pNIPMAm)-based microgels, which have a volume-transition temperature of ∼43 °C, were evaluated mainly using temperature-controllable high-speed atomic force microscopy. These observations, which are characterized by high spatio-temporal resolution, revealed that the pNIPMAm microgels have a peculiar heterogeneous structure, for example a core-shell and non-thermoresponsive nanostructure in the core region, that originates from the precipitation polymerization process. Furthermore, it was found that the adsorption concentration of the microgels on the substrate is one of the keys for controlling their thermoresponsiveness. These findings can be expected to advance the design of new materials such as thermoresponsive nanosheets and stimuli-responsive coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Haruka Minato
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Takumi Inui
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Ikuma Saito
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Takuma Kureha
- Graduate School of Science & Technology, Hirosaki University 3, Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki Aomori 036-8561 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society 162-1 Shirakata Tokai Ibaraki 319-1106 Japan
| | - Takayuki Uchihashi
- Department of Physics, Structural Biology Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chiksusa-ku Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Science 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
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20
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Nishizawa Y, Minato H, Inui T, Uchihashi T, Suzuki D. Nanostructures, Thermoresponsiveness, and Assembly Mechanism of Hydrogel Microspheres during Aqueous Free-Radical Precipitation Polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:151-159. [PMID: 33355463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although techniques to produce uniformly sized hydrogel microspheres (microgels) by aqueous free-radical precipitation polymerization are well established, the details of the polymerization process remain mysterious. In the present study, the structural evolution and thermoresponsiveness of the developing microgels during the polymerization were evaluated by temperature-controlled high-speed atomic force microscopy. This analysis clarified that the swelling properties of the precursor microgels formed in the early stages of the polymerization are quite low due to the high incorporation of cross-linkers and that non-thermoresponsive deca-nanosized spherical domains are already present in the precursor microgels. Furthermore, we succeeded in tracking the formation of nuclei and their growth process, which has never been fully understood, in aqueous solution by real-time observations. These findings will help us to design functional microgels with the desired nanostructures via precipitation polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Haruka Minato
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Takumi Inui
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uchihashi
- Department of Physics and Structural Biology Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chiksusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
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21
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Chester D, Theetharappan P, Ngobili T, Daniele M, Brown AC. Ultrasonic Microplotting of Microgel Bioinks. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:47309-47319. [PMID: 33026794 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Material scaffolds that mimic the structure, function, and bioactivity of native biological tissues are in constant development. Recently, material scaffolds composed of microgel particles have shown promise for applications ranging from bone regeneration to spheroid cell growth. Previous studies with poly N-isopropylacrylamide microgel scaffolds utilized a layer-by-layer (LBL) technique where individual, uniform microgel layers are built on top of each other resulting in a multilayer scaffold. However, this technique is limited in its applications due to the inability to control microscale deposition or patterning of multiple particle types within a microgel layer. In this study, an ultrasonic microplotting technique is used to address the limitations of LBL fabrication to create patterned microgel films. Printing parameters, such as bioink formulation, surface contact angle, and print head diameter, are optimized to identify the ideal parameters needed to successfully print microgel films. It was found that bioinks composed of 2 mg/mL of microgels and 20% polyethylene glycol by volume (v/v), on bovine serum albumin-coated glass, with a print head diameter of 50 μm resulted in the highest quality prints. Patterned films were created with a maximum resolution of 50 μm with the potential for finer resolutions to be achieved with alternative bioink compositions and printing parameters. Overall, ultrasonic microplotting can be used to create more complex microgel films than is possible with LBL techniques and offers the possibility of greater printing resolution in 3D with further technology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chester
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - P Theetharappan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - T Ngobili
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - M Daniele
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - A C Brown
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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22
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23
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Choi YH, Lee SS, Lee DM, Jeong HS, Kim SH. Composite Microgels Created by Complexation between Polyvinyl Alcohol and Graphene Oxide in Compressed Double-Emulsion Drops. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1903812. [PMID: 31515955 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Microgels, microparticles made of hydrogels, show fast diffusion kinetics and high reconfigurability while maintaining the advantages of hydrogels, being useful for various applications. Here, presented is a new microfluidic strategy for producing polymer-graphene oxide (GO) composite microgels without chemical cues or a temperature swing for gelation. As a main component of microgels, polymers that are able to form hydrogen bonds, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), are used. In the mixture of PVA and GO, GO is tethered by PVA through hydrogen bonding. When the mixture is rapidly concentrated in the core of double-emulsion drops by osmotic-pressure-driven water pumping, PVA-tethered GO sheets form a nematic phase with a planar alignment. In addition, the GO sheets are linked by additional hydrogen bonds, leading to a sol-gel transition. Therefore, the PVA-GO composite remains undissolved when it is directly exposed to water by oil-shell rupture. These composite microgels can be also produced using poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(acrylic acid), instead of PVA. In addition, the microgels can be functionalized by incorporating other polymers in the presence of the hydrogel-forming polymers. It is shown that the multicomponent microgels made from a mixture of polyacrylamide, PVA, and GO show an excellent adsorption capacity for impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hun Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Seok Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Myeong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Su Jeong
- Functional Composite Materials Research Center, Institute of Advanced Composite Materials, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55324, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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24
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Liu Y, Liu L, Zhu E, Yue M, Gao C, Wu X, Che G, Liu H. Gel Formed by Self-Assembly of a Urea-Modified Monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalene Derivative Displays Multi-Stimuli Responsiveness and Absorption of Rhodamine B. Chempluschem 2020; 83:1109-1118. [PMID: 31950715 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A new monopyrrolotetrathiafulvalene-based derivative containing a urea group was designed, synthesized and thoroughly characterized. It proved to be a non-gelator in a single solvent even when heated or sonicated. However, it could self-assemble in a CHCl3 (CH2 Cl2 )/n-hexane mixture to form a thermo-responsive supramolecular organogel. SEM, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, and SAXS revealed that in the organogel system, the gelators self-assembled into supramolecular networks with a J-type aggregation mode under the joint effect of π-π stacking, intermolecular hydrogen-bonding, and van der Waals forces. Interestingly, the gel phase was shown to undergo reversible gel-sol transformation induced by Fe3+ -Vitamin C (Vc), trifluoroacetic acid-triethylamine (TFA-TEA) and picric acid (PA)-NaOH. In particular, in the presence of picric acid, the experimental results proposed that charge transfer occurred from the electron-donor gelator to the electron-acceptor picric acid due to the possibility of complex formation. Furthermore, the formed organogel could behave as the matrix for encapsulating cationic fluorescent dye from wastewater, and the adsorption efficiency was directly proportional to the concentration of the gelator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmentally Friendly Materials, Jilin Normal University) Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130103, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmentally Friendly Materials, Jilin Normal University) Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130103, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China
| | - Enwei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmentally Friendly Materials, Jilin Normal University) Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130103, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China
| | - Mingwei Yue
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Gao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxu Wu
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China
| | - Guangbo Che
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmentally Friendly Materials, Jilin Normal University) Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130103, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping, 136000, P. R. China
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25
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Abstract
The past decades have witnessed the development of a field dedicated to targeting tumor vasculature for cancer therapy. In contrast to conventional chemotherapeutics that need to penetrate into tumor tissues for killing tumor cells, the agents targeting tumor vascular system have two major advantages: direct contact with vascular endothelial cells or the blood and less possibility to induce drug resistance because of high gene stability of endothelial cells. More specifically, various angiogenesis inhibitors (AIs) and vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) that block tumor blood supply to inhibit tumor progression, some of which have been applied clinically, have been described. However, off-target effects and high effective doses limit the utility of these formulations in cancer patients. Thus, new strategies with improved therapeutic efficacy and safety are needed for tumor vessel targeting therapy. With the burgeoning developments in nanotechnology, smart nanotherapeutics now offer unprecedented potential for targeting tumor vasculature. Based on specific structural and functional features of the tumor vasculature, a number of different nanoscale delivery systems have been proposed for cancer therapy. In this Account, we summarize several distinct strategies to modulate tumor vasculature with various smart nanotherapeutics for safe and effective tumor therapy developed by our research programs. Inspired by the blood coagulation cascade, we generated nanoparticle-mediated tumor vessel infarction strategies that selectively block tumor blood supply to starve the tumor to death. By specifically delivering thrombin loaded DNA nanorobots (Nanorobot-Th) into tumor vessels, an intratumoral thrombosis is triggered to induce vascular infarction and, ultimately, tumor necrosis. Mimicking the coagulation cascade, a smart polymeric nanogel achieves permanent and peripheral embolization of liver tumors. Considering the critical role of platelets in maintaining tumor vessel integrity, a hybrid (PLP-D-R) nanoparticle selectively depleting tumor-associated platelets (TAP) to boost tumor vessel permeability was developed for enhancing intratumoral drug accumulation. In addition, benefiting from a better understanding of the molecular and cellular underpinnings of vascular normalization, several tumor acidity responsive nanotherapeutics, encapsulating therapeutic peptides, and small interfering RNA were developed to correct the abnormal features of the tumor vasculature. This made the tumor vessels more efficient for drug delivery. While we are still exploring the mechanisms of action of these novel nanoformulations, we expect that the strategies summarized here will offer a promising platform to design effective next-generation nanotherapeutics against cancer and facilitate the clinical translation of smart nanotherapeutics that target tumor vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chunzhi Di
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Suping Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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26
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Nishizawa Y, Matsui S, Urayama K, Kureha T, Shibayama M, Uchihashi T, Suzuki D. Non‐Thermoresponsive Decanano‐sized Domains in Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Microspheres Revealed by Temperature‐Controlled High‐Speed Atomic Force Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Shusuke Matsui
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Kyoto Institute of Technology Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8585 Japan
| | - Takuma Kureha
- Institute for Solid State PhysicsThe University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha Kashiwa 277-8581 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Institute for Solid State PhysicsThe University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha Kashiwa 277-8581 Japan
| | - Takayuki Uchihashi
- Department of Physics and Structural Biology Research CenterGraduate School of ScienceNagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya Aichi 464-8602 Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems National Institutes of Natural Sciences 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology Shinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
- Division of Smart TextilesInstitute for Fiber EngineeringInterdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge ResearchShinshu University 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
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27
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Nishizawa Y, Matsui S, Urayama K, Kureha T, Shibayama M, Uchihashi T, Suzuki D. Non-Thermoresponsive Decanano-sized Domains in Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Microspheres Revealed by Temperature-Controlled High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8809-8813. [PMID: 31056848 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Despite the tremendous efforts devoted to the structural analysis of hydrogel microspheres (microgels), many details of their structures remain unclear. Reported in this study is that thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAm)-based microgels exhibit not only the widely accepted core-shell structures, but also inhomogeneous decanano-sized non-thermoresponsive spherical domains within their dense cores, which was revealed by temperature-controlled high-speed atomic force microscopy (TC-HS-AFM). Based on a series of experiments, it is concluded that the non-thermoresponsive domains are characteristic for pNIPAm microgels synthesized by precipitation polymerization, and plausible structures for microgels prepared by other polymerization techniques are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Shusuke Matsui
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Takuma Kureha
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, 277-8581, Japan
| | - Takayuki Uchihashi
- Department of Physics and Structural Biology Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan.,Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- Graduate School of Textile Science & Technology Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan.,Division of Smart Textiles, Institute for Fiber Engineering, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
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28
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Wang Y, Guo L, Dong S, Cui J, Hao J. Microgels in biomaterials and nanomedicines. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 266:1-20. [PMID: 30776711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microgels are colloidal particles with crosslinked polymer networks and dimensions ranging from tens of nanometers to micrometers. Specifically, smart microgels are fascinating capable of responding to biological signals in vivo or remote triggers and making the possible for applications in biomaterials and biomedicines. Therefore, how to fundamentally design microgels is an urgent problem to be solved. In this review, we put forward our important fundamental opinions on how to devise the intelligent microgels for cancer therapy, biosensing and biological lubrication. We focus on the design ideas instead of specific implementation process by employing reverse synthesis analysis to programme the microgels at the original stage. Moreover, special insights will be, for the first time, as far as we know, dedicated to the particles completely composed of DNA or proteins into microgel systems. These are discussed in detail in this review. We expect to give readers a broad overview of the design criteria and practical methodologies of microgels according to the application fields, as well as to propel the further developments of highly interesting concepts and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Luxuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shuli Dong
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Jiwei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Jingcheng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Special Aggregated Materials (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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29
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Newsom JP, Payne KA, Krebs MD. Microgels: Modular, tunable constructs for tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2019; 88:32-41. [PMID: 30769137 PMCID: PMC6441611 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Biopolymer microgels are emerging as a versatile tool for aiding in the regeneration of damaged tissues due to their biocompatible nature, tunable microporous structure, ability to encapsulate bioactive factors, and tailorable properties such as stiffness and composition. These properties of microgels, along with their injectability, have allowed for their utilization in a multitude of different tissue engineering applications. Controlled release of growth factors, antibodies, and other bioactive factors from microgels have demonstrated their capabilities as transporters for essential bioactive molecules necessary for guiding tissue reconstruction. Additionally, recent in vitro studies of cellular interaction and proliferation within microgel structures have laid the initial groundwork for regenerative tissue engineering using these materials. Microgels have even been crosslinked together in various ways or 3D printed to form three-dimensional scaffolds to support cell growth. In vivo studies of microgels have pioneered the clinical relevance of these novel and innovative materials for regenerative tissue engineering. This review will cover recent developments and research of microgels as they pertain to bioactive factor release, cellular interaction and proliferation in vitro, and tissue regeneration in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review is focused on state-of-the-art microgel technology and innovations within the tissue engineering field, focusing on the use of microgels in bioactive factor delivery and as cell-interactive scaffolds, both in vitro and in vivo. Microgels are hydrogel microparticles that can be tuned based on the biopolymer from which they are derived, the crosslinking chemistry used, and the fabrication method. The emergence of microgels for tissue regeneration applications in recent years illuminates their versatility and applicability in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake P Newsom
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
| | - Karin A Payne
- Orthopedics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Melissa D Krebs
- Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States.
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30
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Farhat W, Hasan A, Lucia L, Becquart F, Ayoub A, Kobeissy F. Hydrogels for Advanced Stem Cell Therapies: A Biomimetic Materials Approach for Enhancing Natural Tissue Function. IEEE Rev Biomed Eng 2019; 12:333-351. [DOI: 10.1109/rbme.2018.2824335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Chester D, Kathard R, Nortey J, Nellenbach K, Brown AC. Viscoelastic properties of microgel thin films control fibroblast modes of migration and pro-fibrotic responses. Biomaterials 2018; 185:371-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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32
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Wang J, Cooper RC, He H, Li B, Yang H. Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Microgels: Hierarchical Arrangement of Dendrimers into Micrometer Domains with Expanded Structural Features for Programmable Drug Delivery and Release. Macromolecules 2018; 51:6111-6118. [PMID: 30705466 PMCID: PMC6348485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on the fabrication of micron-sized dendrimer hydrogels (μDHs) using the water-in-oil (w/o) inverse microemulsion method coupled with the highly efficient aza-Michael addition. EDA core polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer G5 (10 w%) and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEG-DA, M n = 575 g/mol) (the molar ratio of amine/acrylate = 1/1) were dissolved in the water phase and added to hexane in the presence of surfactants span 80/tween 80 (5/1, w/w) (volume ratio of hexane to surfactants: 70:1) to form w/o microemulsions, in which PAMAM G5 cross-links with PEG-DA via the aza-Michael addition reaction. The resulting microgels are within 3-5 μm with relatively narrow size distribution. μDHs are pH-responsive degradable. They show good cytocompatibility and do not cause acute toxicity in vivo. Furthermore, they can realize a high loading of the hydrophobic drug CPT and enter the cells in the form of particles. The CPT and CPT/dendrimer complex can be slowly released following the zero-order release kinetics. Taken together, μDHs possessing hierarchically ordered dendrimers in micron domains represent a new class of microparticles with expanded structural features for programmable drug delivery and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
| | - Remy C Cooper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Hongliang He
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
| | - Boxuan Li
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering,
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23219, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Virginia Commonwealth
University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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33
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Sung B, Krieger J, Yu B, Kim MH. Colloidal gelatin microgels with tunable elasticity support the viability and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under pro-inflammatory conditions. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2753-2761. [PMID: 30054959 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Despite a promising potential for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in tissue regeneration, a major challenge in MSC-based therapy has been associated with poor cell survival and low levels of cell integration into host tissue following transplantation. The objective of this study was to develop a gelatin-based colloidal microgel platform that enables the encapsulation of viable MSCs as well as confer fine-tuning of mechanical stiffness and low cytotoxicity. In this study, we report a facile method of fabricating gelatin-based microgel spheres for the encapsulation of MSCs using a water-in-oil mini-emulsification method, which is covalently crosslinked by genipin. At a given seeding cell number, there was a positive correlation between the size of the microsphere and the number of encapsulated MSCs. Controlling the crosslinking degree of gelatin matrix enabled a fine-tuning of mechanical stiffness of gel microsphere. MSCs within softer microgel exhibit more spread morphology than the cells in the stiffer matrix, while cells within stiffer matrix become more elongated morphology. Importantly, we show that the colloidal gelatin microgel could support the viability and differentiation of encapsulated MSCs in a pro-inflammatory environment. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using genipin-crosslinked gelatin gel microspheres as an injectable carrier of MSCs for tissue engineering applications, which can be further explored for MSC-based cell therapy for tissue repair. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2753-2761, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baeckkyoung Sung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio.,Liquid Crystal Institute and Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Jess Krieger
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Min-Ho Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
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34
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Gu S, Yang L, Li S, Yang J, Zhang B, Yang J. Thermo- and glucose-sensitive microgels with improved salt tolerance for controlled insulin release in a physiological environment. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiling Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing China
| | - Shirui Li
- Department of Endocrinology; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Junjiao Yang
- College of Science; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Beijing China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing China
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35
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Lu C, Zhang M, Tang D, Yan X, Zhang Z, Zhou Z, Song B, Wang H, Li X, Yin S, Sepehrpour H, Stang PJ. Fluorescent Metallacage-Core Supramolecular Polymer Gel Formed by Orthogonal Metal Coordination and Host-Guest Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7674-7680. [PMID: 29856215 PMCID: PMC6385593 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the preparation of a multifunctional metallacage-core supramolecular gel by orthogonal metal coordination and host-guest interactions. A tetragonal prismatic cage with four appended 21-crown-7 (21C7) moieties in its pillar parts was first prepared via the metal-coordination-driven self-assembly of cis-Pt(PEt3)2(OTf)2, tetraphenylethene (TPE)-based sodium benzoate ligands and linear dipyridyl ligands. Further addition of a bisammonium linker to the cage delivered a supramolecular polymer network via the host-guest interactions between the 21C7 moieties and ammonium salts, which formed a supramolecular gel at relatively higher concentrations. Due to the incorporation of a TPE derivative as the fluorophore, the gel shows emission properties. Multiple stimuli responsiveness and good self-healing properties were also observed because of the dynamic metal coordination and host-guest interactions used to stabilize the whole network structure. Moreover, the storage and loss moduli of the gel are 10-fold those of the gel without the metallacage cores, indicating that the rigid metallacage plays a significant role in enhancing the stiffness of the gel. The studies described herein not only enrich the functionalization of fluorescent metallacages via elegant ligand design but also provide a way to prepare stimuli-responsive and self-healing supramolecular gels as robust and smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjie Lu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Danting Tang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
| | - Xuzhou Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - ZeYuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zhixuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Heng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Shouchun Yin
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Hajar Sepehrpour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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36
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Pan DC, Myerson JW, Brenner JS, Patel PN, Anselmo AC, Mitragotri S, Muzykantov V. Nanoparticle Properties Modulate Their Attachment and Effect on Carrier Red Blood Cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1615. [PMID: 29371620 PMCID: PMC5785499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19897-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Attachment of nanoparticles (NPs) to the surface of carrier red blood cells (RBCs) profoundly alters their interactions with the host organism, decelerating NP clearance from the bloodstream while enabling NP transfer from the RBC surface to the vascular cells. These changes in pharmacokinetics of NPs imposed by carrier RBCs are favorable for many drug delivery purposes. On the other hand, understanding effects of NPs on the carrier RBCs is vital for successful translation of this novel drug delivery paradigm. Here, using two types of distinct nanoparticles (polystyrene (PSNP) and lysozyme-dextran nanogels (LDNG)) we assessed potential adverse and sensitizing effects of surface adsorption of NPs on mouse and human RBCs. At similar NP loadings (approx. 50 particles per RBC), adsorption of PSNPs, but not LDNGs, induces RBCs agglutination and sensitizes RBCs to damage by osmotic, mechanical and oxidative stress. PSNPs, but not LDNGs, increase RBC stiffening and surface exposure of phosphatidylserine, both known to accelerate RBC clearance in vivo. Therefore, NP properties and loading amounts have a profound impact on RBCs. Furthermore, LDNGs appear conducive to nanoparticle drug delivery using carrier RBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Pan
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
| | - Jacob W Myerson
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
| | - Jacob S Brenner
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
| | - Priyal N Patel
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States
| | - Aaron C Anselmo
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27599, United States
| | - Samir Mitragotri
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, United States
| | - Vladimir Muzykantov
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Translational Targeted Therapeutics and Nanomedicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States.
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37
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Aguirre G, Khoukh A, Taboada P, Chougrani K, Alard V, Billon L. Smart self-assembled microgel films as encapsulating carriers for UV-absorbing molecules. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00146d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the ability of oligo(ethylene glycol)-based stimuli-responsive microgels to spontaneously form self-assembled microgel films under different conditions such as the presence or absence of water soluble polymers (WSP, formed during the microgel synthesis) and the type and/or amount of salt in the microgel dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garbiñe Aguirre
- Université de Pau & Pays Adour
- CNRS
- IPREM UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Pau F-64053
| | - Abdel Khoukh
- Université de Pau & Pays Adour
- CNRS
- IPREM UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Pau F-64053
| | - Pablo Taboada
- Condensed Matter Physics Department
- Faculty of Physics
- 15782 Campus Sur
- University of Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
| | - Kamel Chougrani
- LVMH Recherche Parfums et Cosmétiques
- St Jean de Braye F-45800
- France
| | - Valérie Alard
- LVMH Recherche Parfums et Cosmétiques
- St Jean de Braye F-45800
- France
| | - Laurent Billon
- Université de Pau & Pays Adour
- CNRS
- IPREM UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Pau F-64053
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38
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Lohaus T, de Wit P, Kather M, Menne D, Benes N, Pich A, Wessling M. Tunable permeability and selectivity: Heatable inorganic porous hollow fiber membrane with a thermo-responsive microgel coating. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Xue B, Wang W, Qin JJ, Nijampatnam B, Murugesan S, Kozlovskaya V, Zhang R, Velu SE, Kharlampieva E. Highly efficient delivery of potent anticancer iminoquinone derivative by multilayer hydrogel cubes. Acta Biomater 2017; 58:386-398. [PMID: 28583901 PMCID: PMC5736006 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel delivery platform for a highly potent anticancer drug, 7-(benzylamino)-3,4-dihydro-pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinolin-8(1H)-one (BA-TPQ), using pH- and redox-sensitive poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) hydrogel cubes of micrometer size as the encapsulating matrix. The hydrogels are obtained upon cross-linking PMAA with cystamine in PMAA/poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) multilayers assembled within mesoporous sacrificial templates. The BA-TPQ-loaded hydrogels maintain their cubical shape and pH-sensitivity after lyophilization, which is advantageous for long-term storage. Conversely, the particles degrade in vitro in the presence of glutathione (5mM) providing 80% drug release within 24h. Encapsulating BA-TPQ into hydrogels significantly increases its transport via Caco-2 cell monolayers used as a model for oral delivery where the apparent permeability of BA-TPQ-hydrogel cubes was∼2-fold higher than that of BA-TPQ. BA-TPQ-hydrogel cubes exhibit better anticancer activity against HepG2 (IC50=0.52µg/mL) and Huh7 (IC50=0.29µg/mL) hepatoma cells with a 40% decrease in the IC50 compared to the non-encapsulated drug. Remarkably, non-malignant liver cells have a lower sensitivity to BA-TPQ-hydrogel cubes with 2-fold increased IC50 values compared to those of cancer cells. In addition, encapsulating BA-TPQ in the hydrogels amplifies the potency of the drug via down-regulation of MDM2 oncogenic protein and upregulation of p53 (a tumor suppressor) and p21 (cell proliferation suppressor) expression in HepG2 liver cancer cells. Moreover, enhanced inhibition of MDM2 protein expression by BA-TPQ-hydrogel cubes is independent of p53 status in Huh7 cells. This drug delivery platform of non-spherical shape provides a facile method for encapsulation of hydrophobic drugs and can facilitate the enhanced efficacy of BA-TPQ for liver cancer therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Many potent anticancer drugs are hydrophobic and lack tumor selectivity, which limits their application in cancer therapy. Although cubical hydrogels of poly(methacrylic acid) exhibit excellent biocompatibility and versatility, they have not been investigated for hydrophobic drug delivery due to poor mechanical stability and incompatibility between hydrophobic drugs and a hydrophilic hydrogel network. In this study, we provide a facile method to prepare a multilayer hydrogel-based platform with controlled nanostructure, cubical shape and redox-responsiveness for delivery of highly potent anticancer therapeutics, hydrophobic BA-TPQ. The BA-TPQ-hydrogel cubes have exceptional structural stability upon lyophilization which is advantageous for a long-term storage. The greatly enhanced trans-epithelial permeability and amplified anti-tumor activity of BA-TPQ are achieved by encapsulation in these hydrogel cubes. Furthermore, the anticancer BA-TPQ-hydrogel platform retains the selective activity of BA-TPQ to hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Overall, the produced BA-TPQ-hydrogel cubes demonstrate a high potential for clinical liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States; Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States
| | - Bhavitavya Nijampatnam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Srinivasan Murugesan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Veronika Kozlovskaya
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States; Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, United States.
| | - Sadanandan E Velu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-3300, United States.
| | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States; Center of Nanoscale Materials and Biointegration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
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40
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Suzuki D, Horigome K, Kureha T, Matsui S, Watanabe T. Polymeric hydrogel microspheres: design, synthesis, characterization, assembly and applications. Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2017.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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41
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Welsch N, Lyon LA. Oligo(ethylene glycol)-sidechain microgels prepared in absence of cross-linking agent: Polymerization, characterization and variation of particle deformability. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181369. [PMID: 28719648 PMCID: PMC5515440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a systematic study of self-cross-linked microgels formed by precipitation polymerization of oligo ethylene glycol methacrylates. The cross-linking density of these microgels and, thus, the network flexibility can be easily tuned through the modulation of the reaction temperature during polymerization. Microgels prepared in absence of any difunctional monomer, i.e. cross-linker, show enhanced deformability and particle spreading on solid surfaces as compared to microgels cross-linked with varying amounts of poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEG-DA) in addition to self-crosslinking. Particles prepared at low reaction temperatures exhibit the highest degree of spreading due to the lightly cross-linked and flexible polymer network. Moreover, AFM force spectroscopy studies suggest that cross-linker-free microgels constitute of a more homogeneous polymer network than PEG-DA cross-linked particles and have elastic moduli at the particle apex that are ~5 times smaller than the moduli of 5 mol-% PEG-DA cross-linked microgels. Resistive pulse sensing experiments demonstrate that microgels prepared at 75 and 80°C without PEG-DA are able to deform significantly to pass through nanopores that are smaller than the microgel size. Additionally, we found that polymer network flexibility of microgels is a useful tool to control the formation of particle dewetting patterns. This offers a promising new avenue for build-up of 2D self-assembled particle structures with patterned chemical and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Welsch
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - L. Andrew Lyon
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States of America
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42
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Zhang Q, Colazo J, Berg D, Mugo SM, Serpe MJ. Multiresponsive Nanogels for Targeted Anticancer Drug Delivery. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2624-2628. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Juan Colazo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Darren Berg
- Physical
Sciences Department, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Samuel M. Mugo
- Physical
Sciences Department, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB T5J 4S2, Canada
| | - Michael J. Serpe
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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43
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Milani AH, Saunders JM, Nguyen NT, Ratcliffe LPD, Adlam DJ, Freemont AJ, Hoyland JA, Armes SP, Saunders BR. Synthesis of polyacid nanogels: pH-responsive sub-100 nm particles for functionalisation and fluorescent hydrogel assembly. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:1554-1560. [PMID: 28120992 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02713j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanogels are crosslinked polymer particles with a swollen size between 1 and 100 nm. They are of major interest for advanced surface coatings, drug delivery, diagnostics and biomaterials. Synthesising polyacid nanogels that show triggered swelling using a scalable approach is a key objective of polymer colloid chemistry. Inspired by the ability of polar surfaces to enhance nanoparticle stabilisation, we report the first examples of pH-responsive polyacid nanogels containing high -COOH contents prepared by a simple, scalable, aqueous method. To demonstrate their functionalisation potential, glycidyl methacrylate was reacted with the -COOH chemical handles and the nanogels were converted to macro-crosslinkers. The concentrated (functionalised) nanogel dispersions retained their pH-responsiveness, were shear-thinning and formed physical gels at pH 7.4. The nanogels were covalently interlinked via free-radical coupling at 37 °C to form transparent, ductile, hydrogels. Mixing of the functionalised nanogels with polymer dots enabled covalent assembly of fluorescent hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir H Milani
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | | | - Nam T Nguyen
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Liam P D Ratcliffe
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Daman J Adlam
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Anthony J Freemont
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Judith A Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK and NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Steven P Armes
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S3 7HF, UK
| | - Brian R Saunders
- School of Materials, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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44
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Xue B, Kozlovskaya V, Kharlampieva E. Shaped stimuli-responsive hydrogel particles: syntheses, properties and biological responses. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02746f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes a pool of current experimental approaches and discusses perspectives in the development of the synergistic combination of shape and stimuli-response in particulate hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- Chemistry Department
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
- USA
| | | | - Eugenia Kharlampieva
- Chemistry Department
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
- USA
- Center for Nanomaterials and Biointegration
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
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45
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Watanabe T, Kobayashi C, Song C, Murata K, Kureha T, Suzuki D. Impact of Spatial Distribution of Charged Groups in Core Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-Based Microgels on the Resultant Composite Structures Prepared by Seeded Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:12760-12773. [PMID: 27934516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A series of raspberry-shaped composite microgels were synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of hydrogel particles with different distributions of charged groups. Unlike microgels whose charged groups are localized in their center,29 polystyrene nanoparticles were formed inside the core microgels when the microgels whose charged groups were localized on their surface were used as cores for seeded emulsion polymerization. The effects of the surface charge densities of the core microgels and the concentration of styrene monomer during the polymerization on the resultant structures of composite microgels were investigated. The surface structures of obtained composite microgels were mainly evaluated by electron microscopy, and their stimuli responsiveness was evaluated by dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler velocimetry. The internal structures of the composite microgels were visualized from ultrathin cross sections observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cryo-TEM was used to clarify the microscopic structures of composite microgels when they were in hydrated states. Through a series of characterizations, we summarize the effects of structures of core microgels on the resultant composite structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chihong Song
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences , 38 Nishigonaka, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Murata
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences , 38 Nishigonaka, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly C. Clarke
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - L. Andrew Lyon
- Schmid
College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
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47
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Kobayashi C, Watanabe T, Murata K, Kureha T, Suzuki D. Localization of Polystyrene Particles on the Surface of Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) Microgels Prepared by Seeded Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:1429-1439. [PMID: 26794923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Composite microgels with polystyrene nanoparticles were synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of pH- and temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) microgels as seeds. In particular, the core microgels maintained their swelled state as the pH was increased to 10 during seeded emulsion polymerization conducted at an elevated temperature. Furthermore, we tuned the swelling degree of the core microgels at pH 10 by changing the amount of methacrylic acid incorporated during the synthesis of the core microgels. Unlike deswollen microgels, during the seeded emulsion polymerization, the swollen microgels were covered with a monolayer of non-close-packed polystyrene particles on their surface, as confirmed by electron microscopy. A possible mechanism for the seeded emulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of swollen microgels under alkaline conditions is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kazuyoshi Murata
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences , 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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48
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Modelling pH-Optimized Degradation of Microgel-Functionalized Polyesters. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2016; 2016:8125416. [PMID: 29062470 PMCID: PMC5058564 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8125416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We establish a novel mathematical model to describe and analyze pH levels in the vicinity of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-acetoacetoxyethyl methacrylate-co-N-vinylimidazole) (VCL/AAEM/VIm) microgel-functionalized polymers during biodegradation. Biodegradable polymers, especially aliphatic polyesters (polylactide/polyglycolide/polycaprolactone homo- and copolymers), have a large range of medical applications including delivery systems, scaffolds, or stents for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Most of those applications are limited by the inherent drop of pH level during the degradation process. The combination of polymers with VCL/AAEM/VIm-microgels, which aims at stabilizing pH levels, is innovative and requires new mathematical models for the prediction of pH level evaluation. The mathematical model consists of a diffusion-reaction PDE system for the degradation including reaction rate equations and diffusion of acidic degradation products into the vicinity. A system of algebraic equations is coupled to the degradation model in order to describe the buffering action of the microgel. The model is validated against the experimental pH-monitored biodegradation of microgel-functionalized polymer foils and is available for the design of microgel-functionalized polymer components.
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49
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Hettiaratchi MH, Guldberg RE, McDevitt TC. Biomaterial strategies for controlling stem cell fate via morphogen sequestration. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:3464-3481. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02575c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the role of protein sequestration in the stem cell niche and how it has inspired the design of biomaterials that exploit natural protein sequestration to influence stem cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. H. Hettiaratchi
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering
| | - R. E. Guldberg
- The Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering
| | - T. C. McDevitt
- The Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease
- San Francisco
- USA
- The Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences
- University of California San Francisco
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50
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Saxena S, Lyon LA. Influence of binary microgel phase behavior on the assembly of multi-functional raspberry-structured microgel heteroaggregates. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 455:93-100. [PMID: 26057600 PMCID: PMC4475458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the influence of microgel composition on phase behavior of binary microgel dispersions using poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels cross-linked with 5 mol% and 1 mol% N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide), or poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) microgels cross-linked with 5 mol% N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide). We then explore the dispersion phase behavior in the context of microgel deposition at a planar interface. These results are then compared to the observed assembly of microgels at curved interfaces, in the form of raspberry-like patchy particles (RLPPs) consisting of a polystyrene core surrounded by a (two-component) microgel shell. Results suggest that microgel composition has a large influence on the ability of binary dispersions to coat planar and curved interfaces. In particular, we demonstrate that binary dispersions of microgels containing higher cross-linker content exhibit decreased packing densities that are very pronounced at a curved interface. To enhance packing density we also explore the use of a two-step coating process to fabricate RLPPs with enhanced control over topography. Development of these complex vehicles is potentially beneficial in the modulation of biological systems where spatial and temporal presentation of molecules can have a large influence on cellular behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Saxena
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Petit Institute for Biosciences and Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - L Andrew Lyon
- Petit Institute for Biosciences and Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA.
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