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Podlesnaia E, Hoxha A, Achikkulathu S, Kandathikudiyil Antony A, Antony JP, Spörl K, Csáki A, Leiterer M, Fritzsche W. Variations in CTAC batches from different suppliers highly affect the shape yield in seed-mediated synthesis of gold nanotriangles. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19610. [PMID: 39179614 PMCID: PMC11344135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapidly developing miniaturization in numerous fields require low-demanding but robust methods of nanomaterial production. Colloidal synthesis provides great flexibility in product material, size, and shape. Gold nanoparticle synthesis has been thoroughly studied, however, recent reports on mechanistic insights of crystal formation have been hindered by the numerous procedures and parameter optimization works. With every new study, scientists fill another blank space on the map of understanding anisotropic growth and find out the critical parameters. In the current work, we highlight the choice importance for surfactant supplier in achieving the gold nanotriangle formation. We systematically study the variation in the shape yield when utilizing five batches of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) from varied suppliers. Using analytical techniques, we search for deviations causing such variation, e.g. different impurity content. We found only a marginal effect of iodine contamination on the studied system, excluding this factor as decisive in contrast to what was proposed earlier in the literature, and leaving the high dependency of the yield to originate from yet unknown reagent characteristics. A deeper understanding of these factors would provide highly effective protocols lowering the reagent consumption and increasing the accessibility of nanomaterials manufactured in a sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Podlesnaia
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Amarildo Hoxha
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Sreevalsan Achikkulathu
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Athulesh Kandathikudiyil Antony
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jerestine Philomina Antony
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Kathrin Spörl
- Thüringer Landesamt für Landwirtschaft und Ländlichen Raum (TLLLR), 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Andrea Csáki
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Leiterer
- Thüringer Landesamt für Landwirtschaft und Ländlichen Raum (TLLLR), 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fritzsche
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Member of the Leibniz Research Alliance - Leibniz Health Technologies, 07745, Jena, Germany.
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2
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Adnan A, Behjati S, Félez-Guerrero N, Ojha K, Koper MTM. Tracking the surface structure and the influence of cations and anions on the double-layer region of a Au(111) electrode. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21419-21428. [PMID: 39086202 PMCID: PMC11323936 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
We examined the electric double-layer (EDL) of a Au(111) electrode in a dilute perchloric acid solution using a combination of capacitance measurements and in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy under electrochemical conditions (ECSTM). The "camel-shaped" capacitance curve of the EDL is studied with different cations and anions, including their impact on the potential of zero charge (PZC). We show that the ECSTM images of thermally reconstructed and of the potential-induced surface reconstruction of Au(111) in perchloric acid electrolyte resemble previous work in sulphuric acid, displaying a herringbone pattern for a thermally reconstructed surface. Once the reconstruction is lifted, the Au(111) forms islands with an average of 1 atomic step height. When the potential is lowered below that of the PZC, the potential-induced surface reconstruction results in a more disoriented pattern than the thermally reconstructed surface. ECSTM images at different potentials are correlated with the voltammogram to understand the time and potential dependence of the surface. This correlation has led to the development of a potential window technique that can be used to reveal the surface structure of Au(111) based on observing the changes in PZC in the voltammogram. This method provides an indirect approach to understanding the surface structure without always relying on ECSTM. From the voltammogram, we also observed that anions (SO42-, CH3SO3-, ClO4-, F-) interact more strongly with the Au(111) surface than the alkali cations. The cation capacitance peak shape does not depend strongly on the identity of the alkali metal cation (Li+, Na+, K+). However, the anion capacitance peak depends strongly on the anion identity. It suggests that some level of specific adsorption cannot be excluded, even for anions that are traditionally not considered to adsorb specifically (perchlorate, fluoride).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariba Adnan
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands.
| | - Saeid Behjati
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands.
| | - Núria Félez-Guerrero
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands.
- Chemistry Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra-08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kasinath Ojha
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands.
| | - Marc T M Koper
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands.
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3
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V Grayli S, Zhang X, Star D, Leach GW. Tailoring Plasmonic Fields with Shape-Controlled Single-Crystal Gold Metasurfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:35410-35420. [PMID: 38934468 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Geometry and crystallinity play a critical role in the wavelength-dependent optical responses and plasmonic local near-field distributions of metallic nanostructures. Nevertheless, the ability to tailor the shape and position of crystalline metal surface nanostructures has remained a challenge that limits control of their enhanced local fields and represents a barrier to harnessing their individual and collective responses. Here, we describe a solution deposition method in the presence of anionic additives, which yields shape-controlled, single-crystal plasmonic gold nanostructures on Ag(100) and Au(100) substrates. Use of SO42- ions yields smooth Au(111)-faceted square pyramids with large plasmonic Raman enhancements. Halide additives produce textured hillocks comprising edge- and screw-type dislocations (Cl-), or platelets with large-area Au(100) terraces and (110) step edges (Br-), while SO42- and Br- additive combinations provide Au(110)-faceted square pyramids. With lithographic patterning, this chemistry yields metal deposition with precise geometry and location control to provide single-crystal, plasmonic gold metasurfaces with tailored optical response. The appropriately designed metasurfaces can then generate large Raman scattering enhancements, far greater than high density gold square pyramids with random surface disposition. Shape-controlled single-crystal plasmonic metasurfaces will thus offer opportunities to tune the characteristics of nanostructures, providing enhanced optical, photocatalytic, and sensory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan V Grayli
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Xin Zhang
- 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Dmitry Star
- 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Laboratory for Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging Research, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Gary W Leach
- 4D LABS, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
- Laboratory for Advanced Spectroscopy and Imaging Research, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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4
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Wang WW, Yan H, Gu Y, Yan J, Mao BW. In Situ Electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy: From Interfaces to Interphases. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2024; 17:103-126. [PMID: 38603469 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061422-020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical interface formed between an electrode and an electrolyte significantly affects the rate and mechanism of the electrode reaction through its structure and properties, which vary across the interface. The scope of the interface has been expanded, along with the development of energy electrochemistry, where a solid-electrolyte interphase may form on the electrode and the active materials change properties near the surface region. Developing a comprehensive understanding of electrochemical interfaces and interphases necessitates three-dimensional spatial resolution characterization. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) offers advantages of imaging and long-range force measurements. Here we assess the capabilities of AFM by comparing the force curves of different regimes and various imaging modes for in situ characterizing of electrochemical interfaces and interphases. Selected examples of progress on work related to the structures and processes of electrode surfaces, electrical double layers, and lithium battery systems are subsequently illustrated. Finally, this review provides perspectives on the future development of electrochemical AFM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Wang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; ,
- 2Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, China
| | - Hao Yan
- 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; ,
- 2Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Gu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; ,
- 2Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; ,
- 2Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, China
| | - Bing-Wei Mao
- 1State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; ,
- 2Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, China
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5
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Halford GC, McDarby SP, Hertle S, Kiely AF, Luu JT, Wang CJ, Personick ML. Troubleshooting the influence of trace chemical impurities on nanoparticle growth kinetics via electrochemical measurements. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11038-11051. [PMID: 38691093 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00070f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Reproducibility issues resulting from particle growth solutions made with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant from different lots and product lines in a newly developed synthesis of monometallic palladium (Pd) tetrahexahedra (THH) nanoparticles are investigated via a multi-pronged approach. Time-resolved electrochemical measurements of solution potential, variation of chemical parameters in colloidal synthesis, and correlation to electrodeposition syntheses are used together to uncover the effects of the unknown contaminants on the chemical reducing environment during nanoparticle growth. Iodide-a known impurity in commercial CTAB-is identified as one of the required components for equalizing the reducing environment across multiple CTAB sources. However, an additional component-acetone-is critical to establishing the growth kinetics necessary to enable the reproducible synthesis of THH in each of the CTAB formulations. In one CTAB variety, the powdered surfactant contains too much acetone, and drying of the as-received surfactant and re-addition of solvent is necessary for successful Pd THH synthesis. The relevance of solvent impurities to the reducing environment in aqueous nanoparticle synthesis is confirmed via electrochemical measurement approaches and solvent addition experiments. This work highlights the utility of real-time electrochemical potential measurements as a tool for benchmarking of nanoparticle syntheses and troubleshooting of reproducibility issues. The results additionally emphasize the importance of considering organic solvent impurities in powdered commercial reagents as a possible shape-determining factor during shaped nanomaterials synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel C Halford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
| | - Sean P McDarby
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
| | - Sebastian Hertle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
| | - Anne F Kiely
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
| | - Jessica T Luu
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
| | - Claire J Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
| | - Michelle L Personick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA
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6
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Ji K, Liu Y, Wang Y, Kong K, Li J, Liu X, Duan H. Steering Selectivity in Electrocatalytic Furfural Reduction via Electrode-Electrolyte Interface Modification. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11876-11886. [PMID: 38626315 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic reduction of biomass-derived furfural (FF) represents a sustainable route to produce furfuryl alcohol (FA) and 2-methylfuran (MF) as a value-added chemical and a biofuel, respectively. However, achieving high selectivity for MF as well as tuning the selectivity between FA and MF within one reaction system remain challenging. Herein, we have reported an electrode-electrolyte interface modification strategy, enabling FA and MF selectivity steering under the same reaction conditions. Specifically, by modifying copper (Cu) electrocatalysts with butyl trimethylammonium bromide (BTAB), we achieved a dramatic shift in selectivity from producing FA (selectivity: 83.8%; Faradaic efficiency, FE: 68.9%) to MF (selectivity: 80.1%; FE: 74.8%). We demonstrated that BTAB adsorption over Cu modulates the electrical double layer (EDL) structure, which repels interfacial water and weakens the hydrogen-bond (H-bond) network for proton transfer, thus impeding FF-to-FA conversion by suppression of the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process. On the contrary, FF-to-MF conversion was less affected. This work shows the potential of engineering of the electrode-electrolyte interface for selectivity control in electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanbo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kejian Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haohong Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Qingyuan Innovation Laboratory, Quanzhou 362801, China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Li CY, Tian ZQ. Sixty years of electrochemical optical spectroscopy: a retrospective. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3579-3605. [PMID: 38421335 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00734k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Sixty years ago, Reddy, Devanatan, and Bockris performed the first in situ electrochemical ellipsometry experiment, which ushered in a new era in the study of electrochemistry, using optical spectroscopy. After six decades of development, electrochemical optical spectroscopy, particularly electrochemical vibrational spectroscopy, has advanced from a phase of immaturity with few methods and limited applications to a phase of maturity with excellent substrate generality and significantly improved resolutions. Here, we divide the development of electrochemical optical spectroscopy into four phases, focusing on the proof-of-concept of different electrochemical optical spectroscopy studies, the emergence of plasmonic enhancement-based electrochemical optical spectroscopic (in particular vibrational spectroscopic) methods, the realization of electrochemical vibrational spectroscopy on well-defined surfaces, and the efforts to achieve operando spectroelectrochemical applications. Finally, we discuss the future development trend of electrochemical optical spectroscopy, as well as examples of new methodology and research paradigms for operando spectroelectrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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8
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Magnussen OM, Drnec J, Qiu C, Martens I, Huang JJ, Chattot R, Singer A. In Situ and Operando X-ray Scattering Methods in Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:629-721. [PMID: 38253355 PMCID: PMC10870989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical and electrocatalytic processes are of key importance for the transition to a sustainable energy supply as well as for a wide variety of other technologically relevant fields. Further development of these processes requires in-depth understanding of the atomic, nano, and micro scale structure of the materials and interfaces in electrochemical devices under reaction conditions. We here provide a comprehensive review of in situ and operando studies by X-ray scattering methods, which are powerful and highly versatile tools to provide such understanding. We discuss the application of X-ray scattering to a wide variety of electrochemical systems, ranging from metal and oxide single crystals to nanoparticles and even full devices. We show how structural data on bulk phases, electrode-electrolyte interfaces, and nanoscale morphology can be obtained and describe recent developments that provide highly local information and insight into the composition and electronic structure. These X-ray scattering studies yield insights into the structure in the double layer potential range as well as into the structural evolution during electrocatalytic processes and phase formation reactions, such as nucleation and growth during electrodeposition and dissolution, the formation of passive films, corrosion processes, and the electrochemical intercalation into battery materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf M. Magnussen
- Kiel
University, Institute of Experimental and
Applied Physics, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Ruprecht-Haensel
Laboratory, Kiel University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jakub Drnec
- ESRF,
Experiments Division, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Canrong Qiu
- Kiel
University, Institute of Experimental and
Applied Physics, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Jason J. Huang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Raphaël Chattot
- ICGM,
Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Andrej Singer
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell
University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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9
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Xu Y, Zhang L, Chen W, Cui H, Cai J, Chen Y, Feliu JM, Herrero E. Boosting Oxygen Reduction at Pt(111)|Proton Exchange Ionomer Interfaces through Tuning the Microenvironment Water Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:4540-4549. [PMID: 38227931 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
A proton exchange ionomer is one of the most important components in membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). It acts as both a proton conductor and a binder for nanocatalysts and carbon supports. The structure and the wetting conditions of the MEAs have a great impact on the microenvironment at the three-phase interphases in the MEAs, which can significantly influence the electrode kinetics such as the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode. Herein, by using the Pt(111)|X ionomer interface as a model system (X = Nafion, Aciplex, D72), we find that higher drying temperature lowers the onset potential for sulfonate adsorption and reduces apparent ORR current, while the current wave for OHad formation drops and shifts positively. Surprisingly, the intrinsic ORR activity is higher after properly correcting the blocking effect of Pt active sites by sulfonate adsorption and the poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) skeleton. These results are well explained by the reduced water activity at the interfaces induced by the ionomer/PTFE, according to the mixed potential effect. Implications for how to prepare MEAs with improved ORR activity are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Xu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Haowen Cui
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Juan M Feliu
- Instituto de Electroquímica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, Alicante E-03080, Spain
| | - Enrique Herrero
- Instituto de Electroquímica, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, Alicante E-03080, Spain
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10
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Raciti D, Cockayne E, Vinson J, Schwarz K, Hight Walker AR, Moffat TP. SHINERS Study of Chloride Order-Disorder Phase Transition and Solvation of Cu(100). J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1588-1602. [PMID: 38170994 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Shell-isolated nanoparticle enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) and density functional theory (DFT) are used to probe Cl- adsorption and the order-disorder phase transition associated with the c(2 × 2) Cl- adlayer on Cu(100) in acid media. A two-component ν(Cu-Cl) vibrational band centered near 260 ± 1 cm-1 is used to track the potential dependence of Cl- adsorption. The potential dependence of the dominant 260 cm-1 component tracks the coverage of the fluctional c(2 × 2) Cl- phase on terraces in good agreement with the normalized intensity of the c(2 × 2) superstructure rods in prior surface X-ray diffraction (SXRD) studies. As the c(2 × 2) Cl- coverage approaches saturation, a second ν(Cu-Cl) component mode emerges between 290 and 300 cm-1 that coincides with the onset and stiffening of step faceting where Cl- occupies the threefold hollow sites to stabilize the metal kink saturated Cu <100> step edge. The formation of the c(2 × 2) Cl- adlayer is accompanied by the strengthening of ν(O-H) stretching modes in the adjacent non-hydrogen-bonded water at 3600 cm-1 and an increase in hydronium concentration evident in the flanking H2O modes at 3100 cm-1. The polarization of the water molecules and enrichment of hydronium arise from the combination of Cl- anionic character and lateral templating provided by the c(2 × 2) adlayer, consistent with SXRD studies. At negative potentials, Cl- desorption occurs followed by development of a sulfate νs(S═O) band. Below -1.1 V vs Hg/HgSO4, a new 200 cm-1 mode emerges congruent with hydride formation and surface reconstruction reported in electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Raciti
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Eric Cockayne
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - John Vinson
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Kathleen Schwarz
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Angela R Hight Walker
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Thomas P Moffat
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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11
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He Z, Ajmal M, Zhang M, Liu X, Huang Z, Shi C, Gao R, Pan L, Zhang X, Zou J. Progress in Manipulating Dynamic Surface Reconstruction via Anion Modulation for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304071. [PMID: 37551998 PMCID: PMC10582449 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient and economical electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of paramount importance for the sustainable production of renewable fuels and energy storage systems; however, the sluggish OER kinetics involving multistep four proton-coupled electron transfer hampers progress in these systems. Fortunately, surface reconstruction offers promising potential to improve OER catalyst design. Anion modulation plays a crucial role in controlling the extent of surface reconstruction and positively persuading the reconstructed species' performances. This review starts by providing a general explanation of how various types of anions can trigger dynamic surface reconstruction and create different combinations with pre-catalysts. Next, the influences of anion modulation on manipulating the surface dynamic reconstruction process are discussed based on the in situ advanced characterization techniques. Furthermore, various effects of survived anionic groups in reconstructed species on water oxidation activity are further discussed. Finally, the challenges and prospects for the future development directions of anion modulation for redirecting dynamic surface reconstruction to construct highly efficient and practical catalysts for water oxidation are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexing He
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Muhammad Ajmal
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Xiaokang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Zhen‐Feng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Chengxiang Shi
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Ruijie Gao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Lun Pan
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Xiangwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
| | - Ji‐Jun Zou
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Plus, School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin UniversityTianjin UniversityNingboZhejiang315201China
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12
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Su A, Wang Q, Huang L, Zheng Y, Wang Y, Chen H. Gold nanohexagrams via active surface growth under sole CTAB control. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14858-14865. [PMID: 37642320 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03006g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of homochiral nanostructures involves not only the chiral ligand, but also CTAB. The latter is often treated as a weak ligand unable to compete with the thiol-based chiral ligand. Here, we show that CTAB alone is able to induce Active Surface Growth on Au nanoplates, giving curved tips and steep ridges in the resulting nano-hexagrams. The growth materials (Au0) are diverted to a few active sites, whereas the rest of the Au surfaces are inhibited. Modulation of the growth rate by the ratio of ascorbic acid to Au precursor gives a continuous change of the growth modes, explaining the main trends of shape evolution and the inequivalent growth of the equivalent surfaces. With only CTAB as the ligand, the fact that ridges and spikes could be formed in defiance of facet control suggests that the role of CTAB cannot be ignored in the chiral synthesis and that the precise modulation of the Active Surface Growth could be the key to rational synthetic controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Su
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yonglong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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13
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Yuan X, Lee K, Schmidt JR, Choi KS. Halide Adsorption Enhances Electrochemical Hydrogenolysis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural by Suppressing Hydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:20473-20484. [PMID: 37682732 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Reductive upgrading of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a biomass-derived platform molecule, to 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), a biofuel with an energy density 40% greater than that of ethanol, involves hydrogenolysis of both the aldehyde (C═O) and the alcohol (C-OH) groups of HMF. It is known that when hydrogenation of the aldehyde occurs to form 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF), BHMF cannot be further reduced to DMF. Thus, aldehyde hydrogenation must be suppressed to increase the selectivity for DMF production. Previously, it was shown that on a Cu electrode hydrogenolysis occurs mainly through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), where a proton from the solution and an electron from the electrode are transferred to the organic species. In contrast, hydrogenation occurs not only through PCET but also through hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), where a surface-adsorbed hydrogen atom (H*) is transferred to the organic species. This study shows that halide adsorption on Cu can effectively suppress HAT by decreasing the steady-state H* coverage on Cu during HMF reduction. As HAT enables only aldehyde hydrogenation, a striking suppression of BHMF is observed, thereby enhancing DMF production. We discuss how the identity and concentration of the halide, along with the reduction conditions (i.e., potential and pH), affect halide adsorption on Cu and identify when optimal halide coverages are achieved to maximize DMF selectivity. Our experimental results are presented alongside computational results that elucidate how halide adsorption affects the adsorption energy of hydrogen and the steady-state H* coverage on Cu, which provide an atomic-level understanding of all experimentally observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kwanpyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - J R Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Kyoung-Shin Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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14
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Cheng R, Jia D, Du Z, Cheng JX, Yang C. Gap-enhanced gold nanodumbbells with single-particle surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity. RSC Adv 2023; 13:27321-27332. [PMID: 37711380 PMCID: PMC10498718 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04365g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gap-enhanced Raman tags (GERTs) have been widely used for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) imaging due to their excellent SERS performances. Here, we reported a synthetic strategy for novel gap-enhanced dumbbell-like nanoparticles with anisotropic shell coatings. Controlled shell growth at the tips of gold nanorods was achieved by using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a capping agent. A mechanism related to the shape-directing effects of CTAB was proposed to explain the findings. Optimized gap-enhanced gold dumbbells exhibited highly enhanced SERS responses compared to rod cores, with an enhancement ratio of 101.5. We further demonstrated that gap-enhanced AuNDs exhibited single-particle SERS sensitivity with an acquisition time as fast as 0.1 s per spectrum, showing great potential for high-speed SERS imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Danchen Jia
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Zhiyi Du
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boston University Boston MA 02215 USA
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15
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Ruiz VG, Wagner C, Maaß F, Arefi HH, Stremlau S, Tegeder P, Tautz FS, Tkatchenko A. Accurate quantification of the stability of the perylene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride on Au(111) molecule-surface interface. Commun Chem 2023; 6:136. [PMID: 37400714 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Studying inorganic/organic hybrid systems is a stepping stone towards the design of increasingly complex interfaces. A predictive understanding requires robust experimental and theoretical tools to foster trust in the obtained results. The adsorption energy is particularly challenging in this respect, since experimental methods are scarce and the results have large uncertainties even for the most widely studied systems. Here we combine temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), single-molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM), and nonlocal density-functional theory (DFT) calculations, to accurately characterize the stability of a widely studied interface consisting of perylene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on Au(111). This network of methods lets us firmly establish the adsorption energy of PTCDA/Au(111) via TPD (1.74 ± 0.10 eV) and single-molecule AFM (2.00 ± 0.25 eV) experiments which agree within error bars, exemplifying how implicit replicability in a research design can benefit the investigation of complex materials properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor G Ruiz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christian Wagner
- Peter Grünberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Friedrich Maaß
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hadi H Arefi
- Peter Grünberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Stremlau
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Tegeder
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - F Stefan Tautz
- Peter Grünberg Institut, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA)-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Experimentalphysik IV A, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Straße, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.
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16
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Fang JY, Fan JL, Liu SB, Sun SP, Lou YY. Copper-Based Electrocatalysts for Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114000. [PMID: 37297134 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3) is a highly important industrial chemical used as fuel and fertilizer. The industrial synthesis of NH3 relies heavily on the Haber-Bosch route, which accounts for roughly 1.2% of global annual CO2 emissions. As an alternative route, the electrosynthesis of NH3 from nitrate anion (NO3-) reduction (NO3-RR) has drawn increasing attention, since NO3-RR from wastewater to produce NH3 can not only recycle waste into treasure but also alleviate the adverse effects of excessive NO3- contamination in the environment. This review presents contemporary views on the state of the art in electrocatalytic NO3- reduction over Cu-based nanostructured materials, discusses the merits of electrocatalytic performance, and summarizes current advances in the exploration of this technology using different strategies for nanostructured-material modification. The electrocatalytic mechanism of nitrate reduction is also reviewed here, especially with regard to copper-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jin-Long Fan
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sheng-Bo Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Sheng-Peng Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yao-Yin Lou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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17
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Mosquera J, Wang D, Bals S, Liz-Marzán LM. Surfactant Layers on Gold Nanorods. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:1204-1212. [PMID: 37155922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusGold nanorods (Au NRs) are an exceptionally promising tool in nanotechnology due to three key factors: (i) their strong interaction with electromagnetic radiation, stemming from their plasmonic nature, (ii) the ease with which the resonance frequency of their longitudinal plasmon mode can be tuned from the visible to the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum based on their aspect ratio, and (iii) their simple and cost-effective preparation through seed-mediated chemical growth. In this synthetic method, surfactants play a critical role in controlling the size, shape, and colloidal stability of Au NRs. For example, surfactants can stabilize specific crystallographic facets during the formation of Au NRs, leading to the formation of NRs with specific morphologies.The process of surfactant adsorption onto the NR surface may result in various assemblies of surfactant molecules, such as spherical micelles, elongated micelles, or bilayers. Again, the assembly mode is critical toward determining the further availability of the Au NR surface to the surrounding medium. Despite its importance and a great deal of research effort, the interaction between Au NPs and surfactants remains insufficiently understood, because the assembly process is influenced by numerous factors, including the chemical nature of the surfactant, the surface morphology of Au NPs, and solution parameters. Therefore, gaining a more comprehensive understanding of these interactions is essential to unlock the full potential of the seed-mediated growth method and the applications of plasmonic NPs. A plethora of characterization techniques have been applied to reach such an understanding, but many open questions remain.In this Account, we review the current knowledge on the interactions between surfactants and Au NRs. We briefly introduce the state-of-the-art methods for synthesizing Au NRs and highlight the crucial role of cationic surfactants during this process. The self-assembly and organization of surfactants on the Au NR surface is then discussed to better understand their role in seed-mediated growth. Subsequently, we provide examples and elucidate how chemical additives can be used to modulate micellar assemblies, in turn allowing for a finer control over the growth of Au NRs, including chiral NRs. Next, we review the main experimental characterization and computational modeling techniques that have been applied to shed light on the arrangement of surfactants on Au NRs and summarize the advantages and disadvantages for each technique. The Account ends with a "Conclusions and Outlook" section, outlining promising future research directions and developments that we consider are still required, mostly related to the application of electron microscopy in liquid and in 3D. Finally, we remark on the potential of exploiting machine learning techniques to predict synthetic routes for NPs with predefined structures and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Mosquera
- Universidade da Coruña, CICA - Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Da Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology, Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) and CIBER-BBN, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Cinbio, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
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18
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Wittstock G, Bäumer M, Dononelli W, Klüner T, Lührs L, Mahr C, Moskaleva LV, Oezaslan M, Risse T, Rosenauer A, Staubitz A, Weissmüller J, Wittstock A. Nanoporous Gold: From Structure Evolution to Functional Properties in Catalysis and Electrochemistry. Chem Rev 2023; 123:6716-6792. [PMID: 37133401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous gold (NPG) is characterized by a bicontinuous network of nanometer-sized metallic struts and interconnected pores formed spontaneously by oxidative dissolution of the less noble element from gold alloys. The resulting material exhibits decent catalytic activity for low-temperature, aerobic total as well as partial oxidation reactions, the oxidative coupling of methanol to methyl formate being the prototypical example. This review not only provides a critical discussion of ways to tune the morphology and composition of this material and its implication for catalysis and electrocatalysis, but will also exemplarily review the current mechanistic understanding of the partial oxidation of methanol using information from quantum chemical studies, model studies on single-crystal surfaces, gas phase catalysis, aerobic liquid phase oxidation, and electrocatalysis. In this respect, a particular focus will be on mechanistic aspects not well understood, yet. Apart from the mechanistic aspects of catalysis, best practice examples with respect to material preparation and characterization will be discussed. These can improve the reproducibility of the materials property such as the catalytic activity and selectivity as well as the scope of reactions being identified as the main challenges for a broader application of NPG in target-oriented organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunther Wittstock
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Bäumer
- University of Bremen, Institute for Applied and Physical Chemistry, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Wilke Dononelli
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, Hybrid Materials Interfaces Group, Am Fallturm 1, Bremen 28359, Germany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Mathematics and Science, Institute of Chemistry, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Lührs
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Materials Physics and Technology, 21703 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Mahr
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Institute of Solid State Physics, Otto Hahn Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Lyudmila V Moskaleva
- University of the Free State, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Mehtap Oezaslan
- Technical University of Braunschweig Institute of Technical Chemistry, Technical Electrocatalysis Laboratory, Franz-Liszt-Strasse 35a, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Risse
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Rosenauer
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Institute of Solid State Physics, Otto Hahn Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anne Staubitz
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Leobener Strasse 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jörg Weissmüller
- Hamburg University of Technology, Institute of Materials Physics and Technology, 21703 Hamburg, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Materials Mechanics, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Arne Wittstock
- University of Bremen, MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, 28359 Bremen, Germany
- University of Bremen, Institute for Organic and Analytical Chemistry, Leobener Strasse 7, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
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19
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Schönig M, Schuster R. Entropic contributions to the stability of electrochemically adsorbed anion layers on Au(111): a microcalorimetric study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5948-5954. [PMID: 36503904 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04680f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We measure the entropy of formation of the interface upon anion adsorption (Cl-, Br- I- and SO42-) on Au(111) as an important indicator for the structure, order and composition of the interface. The entropy of formation of the interface exhibits a rather universal behaviour for all anions with a steep decrease upon initial adsorption followed by a shallow minimum at intermediate anion coverages and a strong increase close to the completion of the adsorbate adlayer. The strong variation of the entropy signals significant entropic contributions to the free enthalpy of the adsorption process and thus the stability of the adsorbed phase. At low anion coverages, close to the potential of zero charge, we attribute the entropy variations to the rearrangement of the interfacial water structure. At intermediate and high anion coverages, a comparison with the results of a lattice-gas model, considering pairwise repulsive interactions within the quasi-chemical approximation, shows that the entropy changes upon anion adsorption can be explained by the configurational entropy of the adsorbed phase. Thus, entropic contributions from both the solvent and the adsorbate are important for the stability of surface phases, particularly for disordered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Schönig
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Rolf Schuster
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstraße 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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20
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Li L, Huang H. Fluorine-Modulated Electronic Structure and Atomic Bonding of the Titanium Surface. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8492. [PMID: 36499988 PMCID: PMC9737132 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The fluorine-adsorption-induced local bond relaxation and valence-energy-state evolution of the Ti(0001) surface were examined through density functional theory calculations. The predicted bond-band-barrier (3 B) correlation notation framework for the interaction of the fluorine adsorbate with Ti atoms formed a tetrahedral structure through the creation of four valence density-of-state features, namely bonding electron pairs, nonbonding lone pairs, holes, and antibonding dipoles. The bonding states resulted in the passivation of metal Ti surfaces, the formation of Tip dipoles and Ti+/p H-like bonds modulated the work function of the Ti(0001) surface, and the conversion of metallic Ti to semiconducting titanium fluoride by the holes. The findings of this study confirm the universal applicability of the 3 B correlation notation in the dynamics of fluorine chemisorption and the associated valence electrons involved in fluorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials Technology (EBEAM) of Chongqing, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China
| | - Haihua Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
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21
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Amirbeigiarab R, Bagger A, Tian J, Rossmeisl J, Magnussen OM. Structure of the (Bi)carbonate Adlayer on Cu(100) Electrodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202211360. [PMID: 36122295 PMCID: PMC9827965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202211360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
(Bi)carbonate adsorption on Cu(100) in 0.1 M KHCO3 has been studied by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy. Coexistence of different ordered adlayer phases with ( 2 ${\sqrt{2}}$ ×6 2 ${\sqrt{2}}$ )R45° and (4×4) unit cells was observed in the double layer potential regime. The adlayer is rather dynamic and undergoes a reversible order-disorder phase transition at 0 V vs. the reversible hydrogen electrode. Density functional calculations indicate that the adlayer consists of coadsorbed carbonate and water molecules and is strongly stabilized by liquid water in the adjacent electrolyte.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Bagger
- Center of High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC)Department of ChemistryUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 52100CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jing Tian
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsKiel University24098KielGermany
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Center of High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC)Department of ChemistryUniversity of CopenhagenUniversitetsparken 52100CopenhagenDenmark
| | - Olaf M. Magnussen
- Institute of Experimental and Applied PhysicsKiel University24098KielGermany
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22
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Orellana W, Zuñiga C, Gatica A, Ureta-Zanartu MS, Zagal JH, Tasca F. Effect of Electrolyte Media on the Catalysis of Fe Phthalocyanine toward the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Experimental Analyses. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Orellana
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Sazié 2212, Santiago837-0136, Chile
| | - Cesar Zuñiga
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago837-0136, Chile
| | - Angelica Gatica
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago837-0136, Chile
| | - Maria-Soledad Ureta-Zanartu
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago837-0136, Chile
| | - Jose H. Zagal
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago837-0136, Chile
| | - Federico Tasca
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago837-0136, Chile
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Sartori A, Giri RP, Fujii H, Hövelmann SC, Warias JE, Jordt P, Shen C, Murphy BM, Magnussen OM. Role of chemisorbing species in growth at liquid metal-electrolyte interfaces revealed by in situ X-ray scattering. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5421. [PMID: 36109498 PMCID: PMC9477831 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid-liquid interfaces offer intriguing possibilities for nanomaterials growth. Here, fundamental interface-related mechanisms that control the growth behavior in these systems are studied for Pb halide formation at the interface between NaX + PbX2 (X = F, Cl, Br) and liquid Hg electrodes using in situ X-ray scattering and complementary electrochemical and microscopy measurements. These studies reveal a decisive role of the halide species in nucleation and growth of these compounds. In Cl- and Br-containing solution, deposition starts by rapid formation of well-defined ultrathin (∼7 Å) precursor adlayers, which provide a structural template for the subsequent quasi-epitaxial growth of c-axis oriented Pb(OH)X bulk crystals. In contrast, growth in F-containing solution proceeds by slow formation of a more disordered deposit, resulting in random bulk crystal orientations on the Hg surface. These differences can be assigned to the interface chemistry, specifically halide chemisorption, which steers the formation of these highly textured deposits at the liquid-liquid interface. Growth at liquid-liquid interfaces differ inherently from that on solids, making it attractive for nanomaterial formation. Here, the authors use X-ray scattering to derive a detailed microscopic picture of lead-halide growth on liquid mercury that reveals the key importance of anion adsorption.
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24
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Liu M, Liu K, Gao C. Effects of Ligands on Synthesis and Surface‐Engineering of Noble Metal Nanocrystals for Electrocatalysis. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moxuan Liu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Frontier Institute of Science and Technology 99 Yanxiang Road 710054 Xi'an CHINA
| | - Kai Liu
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Frontier Institute of Science and Technology 99 Yanxiang Road 710054 Xi'an CHINA
| | - Chuanbo Gao
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Frontier Institute of Science and Technology 99 Yanxiang Road 710054 Xi'an CHINA
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25
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The Adsorption and Electropolymerization of Terthiophene on Au(111) Electrode – Probed by in situ STM. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Ding Y, Xie L, Yao X, Zhang C, Xu W. Hydration of iodine adsorbed on the Au(111) surface. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 2:546-549. [PMID: 38933996 PMCID: PMC11197555 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydration of halogens has been widely researched because of its close relation with the water desalination and biochemical reactions. In this work, by a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we have explored the hydration process of iodine via the Eley-Rideal process on the Au(111) surface. Moreover, the hydration process of iodine with the presence of the NiPc self-assembled network as a template has also been investigated, where the stepwise hydration of iodine at room temperature can be visualized on Au(111).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqi Ding
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Xinyi Yao
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
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27
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Ding Y, Zhang Y, Shi X, Liao L, Li Q, Duan T, Jiang H, Ding Z, Wang H, Liu H. Iodide etching for one-step quantitative assay of the number of DNA molecules capped on gold nanoparticles. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1232-1238. [PMID: 35254355 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay02212a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing a direct method to easily quantify the number of DNA capped on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is of great significance. Herein, we found that the high concentration of iodine ion (I-) can not only replace the ligands on the surface of GNPs but can also completely etch the particles by virtue of its strong reducibility. According to this finding, a mild, cost-effective, environment-friendly, and non-toxic strategy was constructed to directly and accurately estimate the amount of DNA coupled on GNPs. Due to nanometal surface energy transfer (NSET) that happened between the DNA-FAM donor and the GNPs receptor, the fluorescence was quenched; after incubating with the etching reagent 6 M I-, the recuperative fluorescence was detected directly. This method can easily estimate the number of DNA attached on the GNPs surface by one step. In a nutshell, it is a smart strategy to apply iodide etching for DNA quantification on the surface of GNPs, which breaks through the drawbacks of traditional DNA quantification strategies such as pollution, being expensive and even dangerous. This strategy takes a solid step forward for the refinement and optimization of DNA quantification and can also be more effective in detecting the number of other molecules capped on the GNPs surface, indicating that the iodide etching method is greatly helpful in bio-detection assays and nanoparticle-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Shi
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China.
| | - Lingling Liao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China.
| | - Qinghe Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China.
| | - Tingmei Duan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China.
| | - Hao Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - ZhongXiang Ding
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Hongyan Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China.
| | - Honglin Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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28
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Geng H, Vilms Pedersen S, Ma Y, Haghighi T, Dai H, Howes PD, Stevens MM. Noble Metal Nanoparticle Biosensors: From Fundamental Studies toward Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:593-604. [PMID: 35138817 PMCID: PMC7615491 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) have become firmly established as effective agents to detect various biomolecules with extremely high sensitivity. This ability stems from the collective oscillation of free electrons and extremely large electric field enhancement under exposure to light, leading to various light-matter interactions such as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. A remarkable feature of NMNPs is their customizability by mechanisms such as particle etching, growth, and aggregation/dispersion, yielding distinct color changes and excellent opportunities for colorimetric biosensing in user-friendly assays and devices. They are readily functionalized with a large variety of capping agents and biomolecules, with resultant bioconjugates often possessing excellent biocompatibility, which can be used to quantitatively detect analytes from physiological fluids. Furthermore, they can possess excellent catalytic properties that can achieve significant signal amplification through mechanisms such as the catalytic transformation of colorless substrates to colored reporters. The various excellent attributes of NMNP biosensors have put them in the spotlight for developing high-performance in vitro diagnostic (IVD) devices that are particularly well-suited to mitigate the societal threat that infectious diseases pose. This threat continues to dominate the global health care landscape, claiming millions of lives annually. NMNP IVDs possess the potential to sensitively detect infections even at very early stages with affordable and field-deployable devices, which will be key to strengthening infectious disease management. This has been the major focal point of current research, with a view to new avenues for early multiplexed detection of infectious diseases with portable devices such as smartphones, especially in resource-limited settings.In this Account, we provide an overview of our original inspiration and efforts in NMNP-based assay development, together with some more sophisticated IVD assays by ourselves and many others. Our work in the area has led to our recent efforts in developing IVDs for high-profile infectious diseases, including Ebola and HIV. We emphasize that integration with digital platforms represents an opportunity to establish and efficiently manage widespread testing, tracking, epidemiological intelligence, and data sharing backed by community participation. We highlight how digital technologies can address the limitations of conventional diagnostic technologies at the point of care (POC) and how they may be used to abate and contain the spread of infectious diseases. Finally, we focus on more recent integrations of noble metal nanoparticles with Raman spectroscopy for accurate, noninvasive POC diagnostics with improved sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongya Geng
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Simon Vilms Pedersen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Yun Ma
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Tabasom Haghighi
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Hongliang Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Philip D Howes
- Division of Mechanical Engineering and Design, School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, U.K
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
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29
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Kamat GA, Zamora Zeledón JA, Gunasooriya GTKK, Dull SM, Perryman JT, Nørskov JK, Stevens MB, Jaramillo TF. Acid anion electrolyte effects on platinum for oxygen and hydrogen electrocatalysis. Commun Chem 2022; 5:20. [PMID: 36697647 PMCID: PMC9814610 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum is an important material with applications in oxygen and hydrogen electrocatalysis. To better understand how its activity can be modulated through electrolyte effects in the double layer microenvironment, herein we investigate the effects of different acid anions on platinum for the oxygen reduction/evolution reaction (ORR/OER) and hydrogen evolution/oxidation reaction (HER/HOR) in pH 1 electrolytes. Experimentally, we see the ORR activity trend of HClO4 > HNO3 > H2SO4, and the OER activity trend of HClO4 [Formula: see text] HNO3 ∼ H2SO4. HER/HOR performance is similar across all three electrolytes. Notably, we demonstrate that ORR performance can be improved 4-fold in nitric acid compared to in sulfuric acid. Assessing the potential-dependent role of relative anion competitive adsorption with density functional theory, we calculate unfavorable adsorption on Pt(111) for all the anions at HER/HOR conditions while under ORR/OER conditions [Formula: see text] binds the weakest followed by [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Our combined experimental-theoretical work highlights the importance of understanding the role of anions across a large potential range and reveals nitrate-like electrolyte microenvironments as interesting possible sulfonate alternatives to mitigate the catalyst poisoning effects of polymer membranes/ionomers in electrochemical systems. These findings help inform rational design approaches to further enhance catalyst activity via microenvironment engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Ashish Kamat
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - José A. Zamora Zeledón
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - G. T. Kasun Kalhara Gunasooriya
- grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870Catalysis Theory Center, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Samuel M. Dull
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Joseph T. Perryman
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Jens K. Nørskov
- grid.5170.30000 0001 2181 8870Catalysis Theory Center, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michaela Burke Stevens
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
| | - Thomas F. Jaramillo
- grid.168010.e0000000419368956Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA ,grid.445003.60000 0001 0725 7771SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA
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30
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Abstract
Structures and processes at water/metal interfaces play an important technological role in electrochemical energy conversion and storage, photoconversion, sensors, and corrosion, just to name a few. However, they are also of fundamental significance as a model system for the study of solid-liquid interfaces, which requires combining concepts from the chemistry and physics of crystalline materials and liquids. Particularly interesting is the fact that the water-water and water-metal interactions are of similar strength so that the structures at water/metal interfaces result from a competition between these comparable interactions. Because water is a polar molecule and water and metal surfaces are both polarizable, explicit consideration of the electronic degrees of freedom at water/metal interfaces is mandatory. In principle, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are thus the method of choice to model water/metal interfaces, but they are computationally still rather demanding. Here, ab initio simulations of water/metal interfaces will be reviewed, starting from static systems such as the adsorption of single water molecules, water clusters, and icelike layers, followed by the properties of liquid water layers at metal surfaces. Technical issues such as the appropriate first-principles description of the water-water and water-metal interactions will be discussed, and electrochemical aspects will be addressed. Finally, more approximate but numerically less demanding approaches to treat water at metal surfaces from first-principles will be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Groß
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany.,Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sung Sakong
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
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31
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Carr AJ, Lee SS, Uysal A. Trivalent ion overcharging on electrified graphene. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:144001. [PMID: 35016162 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac4a58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the electrical double layer (EDL) formed near graphene in aqueous environments strongly impacts its performance for a plethora of applications, including capacitive deionization. In particular, adsorption and organization of multivalent counterions near the graphene interface can promote nonclassical behaviors of EDL including overcharging followed by co-ion adsorption. In this paper, we characterize the EDL formed near an electrified graphene interface in dilute aqueous YCl3solution usingin situhigh resolution x-ray reflectivity (also known as crystal truncation rod) and resonant anomalous x-ray reflectivity (RAXR). These interface-specific techniques reveal the electron density profiles with molecular-scale resolution. We find that yttrium ions (Y3+) readily adsorb to the negatively charged graphene surface to form an extended ion profile. This ion distribution resembles a classical diffuse layer but with a significantly high ion coverage, i.e., 1 Y3+per 11.4 ± 1.6 Å2, compared to the value calculated from the capacitance measured by cyclic voltammetry (1 Y3+per ∼240 Å2). Such overcharging can be explained by co-adsorption of chloride that effectively screens the excess positive charge. The adsorbed Y3+profile also shows a molecular-scale gap (⩾5 Å) from the top graphene surfaces, which is attributed to the presence of intervening water molecules between the adsorbents and adsorbates as well as the lack of inner-sphere surface complexation on chemically inert graphene. We also demonstrate controlled adsorption by varying the applied potential and reveal consistent Y3+ion position with respect to the surface and increasing cation coverage with increasing the magnitude of the negative potential. This is the first experimental description of a model graphene-aqueous system with controlled potential and provides important insights into the application of graphene-based systems for enhanced and selective ion separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Carr
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States of America
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States of America
| | - Ahmet Uysal
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States of America
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32
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Microscopic origin of the effect of substrate metallicity on interfacial free energies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2108769118. [PMID: 34876519 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2108769118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the effect of the metallic character of solid substrates on solid-liquid interfacial thermodynamics using molecular simulations. Building on the recent development of a semiclassical Thomas-Fermi model to tune the metallicity in classical molecular dynamics simulations, we introduce a thermodynamic integration framework to compute the evolution of the interfacial free energy as a function of the Thomas-Fermi screening length. We validate this approach against analytical results for empty capacitors and by comparing the predictions in the presence of an electrolyte with values determined from the contact angle of droplets on the surface. The general expression derived in this work highlights the role of the charge distribution within the metal. We further propose a simple model to interpret the evolution of the interfacial free energy with voltage and Thomas-Fermi length, which allows us to identify the charge correlations within the metal as the microscopic origin of the evolution of the interfacial free energy with the metallic character of the substrate. This methodology opens the door to the molecular-scale study of the effect of the metallic character of the substrate on confinement-induced transitions in ionic systems, as reported in recent atomic force microscopy and surface force apparatus experiments.
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33
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Lang EN, Claridge SA. Cow-to-cow variation in nanocrystal synthesis: learning from technical-grade oleylamine. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:082501. [PMID: 34854821 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac39cb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many technical-grade reagents, including oleylamine, are broadly used as ligands in nanocrystal synthesis, allowing for cost-effective, and more environmentally friendly, preparation of materials in useful quantities. Impurities can represent 30% or more of these reagent blends, and have frequently emerged as substantial drivers of nanocrystal morphology, assembly, or other physical properties, making it important to understand their composition. Some functional alkyl reagents are derived from natural sources (e.g. often beef tallow, in the case of oleylamine), introducing alkyl chain structures very different than those that might be expected as side products of synthesis from pure feedstocks. Additionally, impurities can exhibit variations based on biological factors (e.g. species, diet, season). In biology, blends of alkyl chains allow for surprisingly sophisticated function of amphiphiles in the cell membrane, pointing to the possibility of similar control in synthetic materials if reagent composition were either better controlled or better understood. Here, we provide brief context on the breadth of roles technical-grade impurities have played in nanocrystal materials, followed by a perspective on oleylamine impurities, their physical properties, and their potential contributions to nanomaterial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin N Lang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States of America
| | - Shelley A Claridge
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States of America
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States of America
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34
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Meena SK, Meena C. The implication of adsorption preferences of ions and surfactants on the shape control of gold nanoparticles: a microscopic, atomistic perspective. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19549-19560. [PMID: 34806728 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr05244f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Shape modulation of nanoparticles is crucial for their tailored applications; however, it depends on surfactants, ions, reactants, and other additives present in the growth solution. Here we dissect the role of surfactants, their counterions (halide ions), silver ions, and gold reactant in gold nanoparticle anisotropic growth using polarizable surfaces and nanoseed molecular dynamics simulation models. Our planar surface models predict a 14%-16% increment in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) coverage on Au(111) and Au(100) due to the surface polarization effect. The CTAB micelle adsorbs compactly similar to that observed on non-polarizable surfaces. The cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) micelle remains in solution leaving the polarizable gold surfaces unprotected, similar to that observed with the non-polarizable surfaces, which favors isotropic growth. The cetyltrimethylammonium iodide (CTAI) micelle adsorbs with higher surface densities than CTAB on all the surfaces. The surface polarizable penta-twinned nanoseed model predicts the total surface coverage of the cetyltrimethylammonium cation (CTA+), Br- and Ag+ to be around two times higher on the side as compared to the tip of the nanoseed, leading to a 2.6 times higher initial rate of adsorption of AuCl2- on the tip than on the side. Predicted CTA+ surface densities on the tip and the side of the nanoseed are consistent with experimental results. Our simulations explain the growth mechanism of anisotropic nanoparticles and the microscopic origin of their controlled shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Meena
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Dr. HomiBhabha Road, Pune-411008, India.
| | - Chandrakala Meena
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Dr. HomiBhabha Road, Pune-411008, India.
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35
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Xiao Y, Liu J, Lin J, Yu H, Pang R, Wu D, Tian Z. Adsorption and Co‐adsorption of Chlorine and Water‐Chlorine Complexes on Au(111) Surfaces: First‐Principles DFT Study. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan‐Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Jian‐De Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Huan‐Huan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Ran Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - De‐Yin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Zhong‐Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
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36
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Hsu Y, Wu C, Yau S. A STM view of the reorientation of cytosine adsorbed on the Au(111) – (1 × 1) electrode in sulfuric and perchloric acids. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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37
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Zheng X, Huang L, Ye X, Zhang J, Min F, Luo W, Huang Y. Critical effects of electrolyte recipes for Li and Na metal batteries. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Finney AR, McPherson IJ, Unwin PR, Salvalaglio M. Electrochemistry, ion adsorption and dynamics in the double layer: a study of NaCl(aq) on graphite. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11166-11180. [PMID: 34522314 PMCID: PMC8386640 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02289j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphite and related sp2 carbons are ubiquitous electrode materials with particular promise for use in e.g., energy storage and desalination devices, but very little is known about the properties of the carbon–electrolyte double layer at technologically relevant concentrations. Here, the (electrified) graphite–NaCl(aq) interface was examined using constant chemical potential molecular dynamics (CμMD) simulations; this approach avoids ion depletion (due to surface adsorption) and maintains a constant concentration, electroneutral bulk solution beyond the surface. Specific Na+ adsorption at the graphite basal surface causes charging of the interface in the absence of an applied potential. At moderate bulk concentrations, this leads to accumulation of counter-ions in a diffuse layer to balance the effective surface charge, consistent with established models of the electrical double layer. Beyond ∼0.6 M, however, a combination of over-screening and ion crowding in the double layer results in alternating compact layers of charge density perpendicular to the interface. The transition to this regime is marked by an increasing double layer size and anomalous negative shifts to the potential of zero charge with incremental changes to the bulk concentration. Our observations are supported by changes to the position of the differential capacitance minimum measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and are explained in terms of the screening behaviour and asymmetric ion adsorption. Furthermore, a striking level of agreement between the differential capacitance from solution evaluated in simulations and measured in experiments allows us to critically assess electrochemical capacitance measurements which have previously been considered to report simply on the density of states of the graphite material at the potential of zero charge. Our work shows that the solution side of the double layer provides the more dominant contribution to the overall measured capacitance. Finally, ion crowding at the highest concentrations (beyond ∼5 M) leads to the formation of liquid-like NaCl clusters confined to highly non-ideal regions of the double layer, where ion diffusion is up to five times slower than in the bulk. The implications of changes to the speciation of ions on reactive events in the double layer are discussed. CμMD reveals multi-layer electrolyte screening in the double layer beyond 0.6 M, which affects ion activities, speciation and mobility; asymmetric charge screening explains concentration dependent changes to electrochemical properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Finney
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London London WC1E 7JE UK
| | - Ian J McPherson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Matteo Salvalaglio
- Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London London WC1E 7JE UK
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39
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Li Z, Ruiz VG, Kanduč M, Dzubiella J. Highly Heterogeneous Polarization and Solvation of Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Electrolytes. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13155-13165. [PMID: 34370454 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The performance of gold nanoparticles (NPs) in applications depends critically on the structure of the NP-solvent interface, at which the electrostatic surface polarization is one of the key characteristics that affects hydration, ionic adsorption, and electrochemical reactions. Here, we demonstrate significant effects of explicit metal polarizability on the solvation and electrostatic properties of bare gold NPs in aqueous electrolyte solutions of sodium salts of various anions (Cl-, BF4-, PF6-, nitrophenolate, and 3- and 4-valent hexacyanoferrate), using classical molecular dynamics simulations with a polarizable core-shell model for the gold atoms. We find considerable spatial heterogeneity of the polarization and electrostatic potentials on the NP surface, mediated by a highly facet-dependent structuring of the interfacial water molecules. Moreover, ion-specific, facet-dependent ion adsorption leads to considerable alterations of the interfacial polarization. Compared to nonpolarizable NPs, surface polarization modifies water local dipole densities only slightly but has substantial effects on the electrostatic surface potentials and leads to significant lateral redistributions of ions on the NP surface. Besides, interfacial polarization effects cancel out in the far field for monovalent ions but not for polyvalent ions, as anticipated from continuum "image-charge" concepts. Far-field effective Debye-Hückel surface potentials change accordingly in a valence-specific fashion. Hence, the explicit charge response of metal NPs is crucial for the accurate description and interpretation of interfacial electrostatics (e.g., for charge transfer and interfacial polarization in catalysis and electrochemistry).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujie Li
- Applied Theoretical Physics-Computational Physics, Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Victor G Ruiz
- Research Group for Simulations of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matej Kanduč
- Jožef Stefan Institute, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Joachim Dzubiella
- Applied Theoretical Physics-Computational Physics, Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Research Group for Simulations of Energy Materials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
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40
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Baggio BF, Grunder Y. In Situ X-Ray Techniques for Electrochemical Interfaces. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2021; 14:87-107. [PMID: 33940932 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091020-100631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews progress in the study of materials using X-ray-based techniques from an electrochemistry perspective. We focus on in situ/in operando surface X-ray scattering, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and the combination of both methods. The background of these techniques together with key concepts is introduced. Key examples of in situ and in operando investigation of liquid-solid and liquid-liquid interfaces are presented. X-ray scattering and spectroscopy have helped to develop an understanding of the underlying atomic and molecular processes associated with electrocatalysis, electrodeposition, and battery materials. We highlight recent developments, including resonant surface diffraction and time-resolved studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna F Baggio
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom;
| | - Yvonne Grunder
- Oliver Lodge Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom;
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41
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Jang K, Kim SH, Jun H, Jung C, Yu J, Lee S, Choi PP. Three-dimensional atomic mapping of ligands on palladium nanoparticles by atom probe tomography. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4301. [PMID: 34262042 PMCID: PMC8280228 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24620-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Capping ligands are crucial to synthesizing colloidal nanoparticles with functional properties. However, the synergistic effect between different ligands and their distribution on crystallographic surfaces of nanoparticles during colloidal synthesis is still unclear despite powerful spectroscopic techniques, due to a lack of direct imaging techniques. In this study, atom probe tomography is adopted to investigate the three-dimensional atomic-scale distribution of two of the most common types of these ligands, cetrimonium (C19H42N) and halide (Br and Cl) ions, on Pd nanoparticles. The results, validated using density functional theory, demonstrate that the Br anions adsorbed on the nanoparticle surfaces promote the adsorption of the cetrimonium cations through electrostatic interactions, stabilizing the Pd {111} facets. In contrast, the Cl anions are not strongly adsorbed onto the Pd surfaces. The high density of adsorbed cetrimonium cations for Br anion additions results in the formation of multiple-twinned nanoparticles with superior oxidation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyuseon Jang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ho Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hosun Jun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanwon Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangheon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Pyuck-Pa Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Zamora Zeledón JA, Kamat GA, Gunasooriya GTKK, Nørskov JK, Stevens MB, Jaramillo TF. Probing the Effects of Acid Electrolyte Anions on Electrocatalyst Activity and Selectivity for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José A. Zamora Zeledón
- Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University 443 Via Ortega Stanford California 94305 United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park California 94025 United States
| | - Gaurav Ashish Kamat
- Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University 443 Via Ortega Stanford California 94305 United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park California 94025 United States
| | | | - Jens K. Nørskov
- Catalysis Theory Center Department of Physics Technical University of Denmark 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Michaela Burke Stevens
- Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University 443 Via Ortega Stanford California 94305 United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park California 94025 United States
| | - Thomas F. Jaramillo
- Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University 443 Via Ortega Stanford California 94305 United States
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park California 94025 United States
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43
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Voroshylova IV, Ers H, Koverga V, Docampo-Álvarez B, Pikma P, Ivaništšev VB, Cordeiro M. Ionic liquid–metal interface: The origins of capacitance peaks. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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44
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Xianyu Y, Lin Y, Chen Q, Belessiotis‐Richards A, Stevens MM, Thomas MR. Iodide‐Mediated Rapid and Sensitive Surface Etching of Gold Nanostars for Biosensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202017317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlei Xianyu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058 China
- Ningbo Research Institute Zhejiang University Ningbo Zhejiang 315100 China
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Yiyang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Qu Chen
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Alexis Belessiotis‐Richards
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Michael R. Thomas
- Department of Materials Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK
- London Centre for Nanotechnology University College London London WC1H 0AH UK
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45
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Xianyu Y, Lin Y, Chen Q, Belessiotis-Richards A, Stevens MM, Thomas MR. Iodide-Mediated Rapid and Sensitive Surface Etching of Gold Nanostars for Biosensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9891-9896. [PMID: 33590604 PMCID: PMC8251757 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202017317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Iodide-mediated surface etching can tailor the surface plasmon resonance of gold nanostars through etching of the high-energy facets of the nanoparticle protrusions in a rapid and sensitive way. By exploring the underlying mechanisms of this etching and the key parameters influencing it (such as iodide, oxygen, pH, and temperature), we show its potential in a sensitive biosensing system. Horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of iodide enables control of the etching of gold nanostars to spherical gold nanoparticles, where the resulting spectral shift in the surface plasmon resonance yields a distinct color change of the solution. We further develop this enzyme-modulated surface etching of gold nanostars into a versatile platform for plasmonic immunoassays, where a high sensitivity is possible by signal amplification via magnetic beads and click chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlei Xianyu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.,Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315100, China.,Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yiyang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.,Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Qu Chen
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexis Belessiotis-Richards
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Michael R Thomas
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.,London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, WC1H 0AH, UK
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46
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Auer A, Ding X, Bandarenka AS, Kunze-Liebhäuser J. The Potential of Zero Charge and the Electrochemical Interface Structure of Cu(111) in Alkaline Solutions. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:5020-5028. [PMID: 33828636 PMCID: PMC8016203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c09289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a unique electrocatalyst, which is able to efficiently oxidize CO at very low overpotentials and reduce CO2 to valuable fuels with reasonable Faradaic efficiencies. Yet, knowledge of its electrochemical properties at the solid/liquid interface is still scarce. Here, we present the first two-stranded correlation of the potential of zero free charge (pzfc) of Cu(111) in alkaline electrolyte at different pH values through application of nanosecond laser pulses and the corresponding interfacial structure changes by in situ electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy imaging. The pzfc of Cu(111) at pH 13 is identified at -0.73 VSHE in the apparent double layer region, prior to the onset of hydroxide adsorption. It shifts by (88 ± 4) mV to more positive potentials per decreasing pH unit. At the pzfc, Cu(111) shows structural dynamics at both pH 13 and pH 11, which can be understood as the onset of surface restructuring. At higher potentials, full reconstruction and electric field dependent OH adsorption occurs, which causes a remarkable decrease in the atomic density of the first Cu layer. The expansion of the Cu-Cu distance to 0.3 nm generates a hexagonal Moiré pattern, on which the adsorbed OH forms a commensurate (1 × 2) adlayer structure with a steady state coverage of 0.5 monolayers at pH 13. Our experimental findings shed light on the true charge distribution and its interrelation with the atomic structure of the electrochemical interface of Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Auer
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Xing Ding
- Physics
of Energy Conversion and Storage (ECS), Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Aliaksandr S. Bandarenka
- Physics
of Energy Conversion and Storage (ECS), Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Catalysis
Research Center TUM, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
- E-mail: (A.S.B.)
| | - Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
- E-mail: (J.K.-L.)
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47
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Hörmann NG, Reuter K. Thermodynamic Cyclic Voltammograms Based on Ab Initio Calculations: Ag(111) in Halide-Containing Solutions. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:1782-1794. [PMID: 33606513 PMCID: PMC8023662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Cyclic voltammograms
(CVs) are a central experimental tool for
assessing the structure and activity of electrochemical interfaces.
Based on a mean-field ansatz for the interface energetics under applied
potential conditions, we here derive an ab initio thermodynamics approach to efficiently simulate thermodynamic CVs.
All unknown parameters are determined from density functional theory
(DFT) calculations coupled to an implicit solvent model. For the showcased
CVs of Ag(111) electrodes in halide-anion-containing solutions, these
simulations demonstrate the relevance of double-layer contributions
to explain experimentally observed differences in peak shapes over
the halide series. Only the appropriate account of interfacial charging
allows us to capture the differences in equilibrium coverage and total
electronic surface charge that cause the varying peak shapes. As a
case in point, this analysis demonstrates that prominent features
in CVs do not only derive from changes in adsorbate structure or coverage
but can also be related to variations of the electrosorption valency.
Such double-layer effects are proportional to adsorbate-induced changes
in the work function and/or interfacial capacitance. They are thus
especially pronounced for electronegative halides and other adsorbates
that affect these interface properties. In addition, the analysis
allows us to draw conclusions on how the possible inaccuracy of implicit
solvation models can indirectly affect the accuracy of other predicted
quantities such as CVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas G Hörmann
- Chair of Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching, Germany.,Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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48
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Abutbul RE, Golan Y. 'Beneficial impurities' in colloidal synthesis of surfactant coated inorganic nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:102001. [PMID: 33305737 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abc0c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal synthesis of nanoparticles (NP) has advanced tremendously over the past 25 years, with an increasing number of research papers introducing nanomaterials with a variety of compositions, shapes, sizes, and phases. Although much progress has been achieved, commonly used synthetic procedures often fail to reproduce results, and the fine details of the syntheses are often disregarded. Reproducibility issues in synthesis can be ascribed to the effects of impurities, trace amounts of chemical moieties which significantly affect the reaction products. Impurities in NP synthesis are rarely reported or regularly studied, despite their impact, deleterious, or beneficial. This topical review discusses several case studies of colloidal NP synthesis where the sources and the chemistry of impurities are highlighted, and their role is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Eitan Abutbul
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Yuval Golan
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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49
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Baricuatro JH, Kwon S, Kim YG, Cummins KD, Naserifar S, Goddard WA. Operando Electrochemical Spectroscopy for CO on Cu(100) at pH 1 to 13: Validation of Grand Canonical Potential Predictions. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack H. Baricuatro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Soonho Kwon
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance (LiSA) and Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Youn-Geun Kim
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Kyle D. Cummins
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Saber Naserifar
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance (LiSA) and Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Liquid Sunlight Alliance (LiSA) and Materials and Process Simulation Center (MSC), California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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50
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Kim SH, Lee HJ, Braun TM, Moffat TP, Josell D. Effect of Chloride on Microstructure in Cu Filled Microscale Through Silicon Vias. JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 168:10.1149/1945-7111/ac2bea. [PMID: 36936718 PMCID: PMC10020985 DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac2bea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The microstructure of copper filled through silicon vias deposited in a CuSO4 + H2SO4 electrolyte containing micromolar concentrations of deposition rate suppressing poloxamine and chloride additives is explored using electron backscatter diffraction. Regions with distinct microstructures are observed in the vias, including conformal deposition and seam formation localized adjacent to the bottom that can transition to bottom-up filling higher in the features. The presence and extent of each microstructure depends on applied potential as well as additive concentration. Deposition in the presence of higher chloride concentration yields a strong (110) growth texture in regions where bottom-up filling exhibits a horizontal growth front profile while (110) textured or untextured growth is observed for different conditions where upward growth proceeds with a v-notch profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-H Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Dong-A University, Saha-Gu, Busan, 49315, South Korea
| | - H-J Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Dong-A University, Saha-Gu, Busan, 49315, South Korea
| | - T M Braun
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - T P Moffat
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - D Josell
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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