1
|
Yamaguchi M, Shimao H, Hamasaki K, Nishiwaki K, Kashimura S, Matsumoto K. gem-Difluorination of carbon-carbon triple bonds using Brønsted acid/Bu 4NBF 4 or electrogenerated acid. Beilstein J Org Chem 2024; 20:2261-2269. [PMID: 39286791 PMCID: PMC11403803 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.20.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
gem-Difluorination of carbon-carbon triple bonds was conducted using Brønsted acids, such as Tf2NH and TfOH, combined with Bu4NBF4 as the fluorine source. The electrochemical oxidation of a Bu4NBF4/CH2Cl2 solution containing alkyne substrates could also give the corresponding gem-difluorinated compounds (in-cell method). The ex-cell electrolysis method was also applicable for gem-difluorination of alkynes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kengo Hamasaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Keiji Nishiwaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shigenori Kashimura
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kouichi Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Porras-Santos LF, Sandoval-Lira J, Hernández-Pérez JM, Quintero L, López-Mendoza P, Sartillo-Piscil F. Ferrier Glycosylation Mediated by the TEMPO Oxoammonium Cation. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11281-11292. [PMID: 39102649 PMCID: PMC11334189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The TEMPO oxoammonium cation has been proven to be both an efficient oxidizing reagent and an electrophilic substrate frequently found in organic reactions. Here, we report that this versatile chemical reagent can also be used as an efficient promoter for C- and N-glycosylation reactions through a Ferrier rearrangement with moderate to high yields. This unprecedented reactivity is explained in terms of a Lewis acid activation of glycal by TEMPO+ forming a type of glycal-TEMPO+ mesomeric structure, which occurs through an extended vinylogous hyperconjugation toward the π*(O═N+) orbital [LP(O1) → π*(C1═C2), π*(C1═C2) → σ*(C3-O3), and LP(O6) → π*(O═N+)]. This enables the formation of the respective Ferrier glycosyl cation, which is trapped by various nucleophiles. The extended hyperconjugation (or double hyperconjugation) toward the π*(O═N+) orbital, which confers the Lewis acid character of the TEMPO cation, was supported by natural bond orbital analysis at the M06-2X/6-311+G** level of theory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis F Porras-Santos
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Jacinto Sandoval-Lira
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, TecNM campus Instituto Tecnológico Superior de San Martín Texmelucan, Camino a la Barranca de Pesos, San Martín Texmelucan 74120, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Julio M Hernández-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Leticia Quintero
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Pedro López-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Fernando Sartillo-Piscil
- Centro de Investigación de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), 14 Sur Esq. San Claudio, Col. San Manuel 72570, Puebla, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zeng Y, Gao H, Jiang ZT, Zhu Y, Chen J, Zhang H, Lu G, Xia Y. Observation of unusual outer-sphere mechanism using simple alkenes as nucleophiles in allylation chemistry. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4317. [PMID: 38773086 PMCID: PMC11109239 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Transition-metal catalyzed allylic substitution reactions of alkenes are among the most efficient methods for synthesizing diene compounds, driven by the inherent preference for an inner-sphere mechanism. Here, we present a demonstration of an outer-sphere mechanism in Rh-catalyzed allylic substitution reaction of simple alkenes using gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes as allyl surrogates. This unconventional mechanism offers an opportunity for the fluorine recycling of gem-difluorinated cyclopropanes via C - F bond cleavage/reformation, ultimately delivering allylic carbofluorination products. The developed method tolerates a wide range of simple alkenes, providing access to secondary, tertiary fluorides and gem-difluorides with 100% atom economy. DFT calculations reveal that the C - C bond formation goes through an unusual outer-sphere nucleophilic substitution of the alkenes to the allyl-Rh species instead of migration insertion, and the generated carbon cation then forms the C - F bond with tetrafluoroborate as a fluoride shuttle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Han Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Zhong-Tao Jiang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yulei Zhu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinqi Chen
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Han Zhang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Ying Xia
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, West China-PUMC C.C. Chen Institute of Health, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Azbell TJ, Milner PJ. Cobalt(III) Halide Metal-Organic Frameworks Drive Catalytic Halogen Exchange. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38607314 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The selective halogenation of complex (hetero)aromatic systems is a critical yet challenging transformation that is relevant to medicinal chemistry, agriculture, and biomedical imaging. However, current methods are limited by toxic reagents, expensive homogeneous second- and third-row transition metal catalysts, or poor substrate tolerance. Herein, we demonstrate that porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) containing terminal Co(III) halide sites represent a rare and general class of heterogeneous catalysts for the controlled installation of chlorine and fluorine centers into electron-deficient (hetero)aryl bromides using simple metal halide salts. Mechanistic studies support that these halogen exchange (halex) reactions proceed via redox-neutral nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) at the Co(III) sites. The MOF-based halex catalysts are recyclable, enable green halogenation with minimal waste generation, and facilitate halex in a continuous flow. Our findings represent the first example of SNAr catalysis using MOFs, expanding the lexicon of synthetic transformations enabled by these materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Azbell
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Phillip J Milner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Garg A, Haswell A, Hopkinson MN. C-F Bond Insertion: An Emerging Strategy for Constructing Fluorinated Molecules. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304229. [PMID: 38270496 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
C-F Insertion reactions, where an organic fragment formally inserts into a carbon-fluorine bond in a substrate, are highly attractive, yet largely unexplored, methods to prepare valuable fluorinated molecules. The inherent strength of C-F bonds and the resulting need for a large thermodynamic driving force to initiate C-F cleavage often leads to sequestering of the released fluoride in an unreactive by-product. Recently, however, several groups have succeeded in overcoming this challenge, opening up the study of C-F insertion as an efficient and highly atom-economical approach to prepare fluorinated compounds. In this article, the recent breakthroughs are discussed focusing on the key conceptual advances that allowed for both C-F bond cleavage and subsequent incorporation of the released fluoride into the product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arushi Garg
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alex Haswell
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Matthew N Hopkinson
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brutiu BR, Iannelli G, Riomet M, Kaiser D, Maulide N. Stereodivergent 1,3-difunctionalization of alkenes by charge relocation. Nature 2024; 626:92-97. [PMID: 38297174 PMCID: PMC10830407 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06938-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Alkenes are indispensable feedstocks in chemistry. Functionalization at both carbons of the alkene-1,2-difunctionalization-is part of chemistry curricula worldwide1. Although difunctionalization at distal positions has been reported2-4, it typically relies on designer substrates featuring directing groups and/or stabilizing features, all of which determine the ultimate site of bond formation5-7. Here we introduce a method for the direct 1,3-difunctionalization of alkenes, based on a concept termed 'charge relocation', which enables stereodivergent access to 1,3-difunctionalized products of either syn- or anti-configuration from unactivated alkenes, without the need for directing groups or stabilizing features. The usefulness of the approach is demonstrated in the synthesis of the pulmonary toxin 4-ipomeanol and its derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan R Brutiu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulia Iannelli
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Margaux Riomet
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Kaiser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Research Platform NeGeMac, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Moon HW, Lavagnino MN, Lim S, Palkowitz MD, Mandler MD, Beutner GL, Drance MJ, Lipshultz JM, Scola PM, Radosevich AT. Deoxyfluorination of 1°, 2°, and 3° Alcohols by Nonbasic O-H Activation and Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Fluoride Shuttling. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22735-22744. [PMID: 37812176 PMCID: PMC11179691 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
A method for deoxyfluorination of aliphatic primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols is reported, employing a nontrigonal phosphorus triamide for base-free alcohol activation in conjunction with an organic soluble fluoride donor and a triarylborane fluoride shuttling catalyst. Mechanistic experiments are consistent with a reaction that proceeds by the collapse of an oxyphosphonium fluoroborate ion pair with fluoride transfer. The substrate scope complements existing deoxyfluorination methods and enables the preparation of homochiral secondary and tertiary alkylfluorides by stereoinversion of the substrate alcohol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Marissa N. Lavagnino
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Soohyun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Maximilian D. Palkowitz
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, 250 Water Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, United States
| | - Michael D. Mandler
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Gregory L. Beutner
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Myles J. Drance
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Lipshultz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Paul M. Scola
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb, 250 Water Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02141, United States
| | - Alexander T. Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yue Y, Song Y, Zhao S, Zhang C, Zhu C, Feng C. Electrooxidative Fluorofunctionalization of Arylcyclopropanes. Org Lett 2023; 25:7385-7389. [PMID: 37769018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The work herein demonstrates the viability of an electrochemical oxidative protocol for the expedient realization of 1,3-fluorofunctionalization of arylcyclopropanes under catalyst- and oxidant-free conditions. Given the relatively low nucleophilicity of fluoride ion, the counterintuitive outcome that the ring-opening is initiated by nucleophilic fluorination is rationalized by invoking tight ion pair between aryl radical cation and BF4- counterion. By integrating alcohols, acids, and N-heterocycles as the terminating nucleophiles, straightforward 1,3-fluorooxygenation and 1,3-fluoroamination are smoothly achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Yue
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering of Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Song
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhao
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chuan Zhu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li R, Yang X, Guan W. Photocatalytic C-F alkylation of trifluoromethyls using o-phosphinophenolate: mechanistic insights and substrate prediction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10648-10651. [PMID: 37581000 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03264g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory computations reveal the radical mechanism of photocatalytic defluoroalkylation and hydrodefluorination of N-phenyl-2,2,2-trifluoromethylacetamide with o-phosphinophenolate (PO) cooperative catalysis. The energy gaps between the singlet substrate LUMOs and triplet photocatalyst SOMOs can be used as an effective "chemical descriptor" for predicting catalyst activity. Cesium formate assisted C-F bond activation is the most favorable path. A series of available organic structures are computationally predicted as potential substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xinzheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Wei Guan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hoogesteger RH, Murdoch N, Cordes DB, Johnston CP. Cobalt-Catalyzed Wagner-Meerwein Rearrangements with Concomitant Nucleophilic Hydrofluorination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308048. [PMID: 37409777 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a cobalt-catalyzed Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement of gem-disubstituted allylarenes that generates fluoroalkane products with isolated yields up to 84 %. Modification of the counteranion of the N-fluoropyridinium oxidant suggests the substrates undergo nucleophilic fluorination during the reaction. Subjecting the substrates to other known metal-mediated hydrofluorination procedures did not lead to observable 1,2-aryl migration. Thus, indicating the unique ability of these cobalt-catalyzed conditions to generate a sufficiently reactive electrophilic intermediate capable of promoting this Wagner-Meerwein rearrangement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reece H Hoogesteger
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Nicola Murdoch
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David B Cordes
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Craig P Johnston
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
McKnight EA, Arora R, Pradhan E, Fujisato YH, Ajayi AJ, Lautens M, Zeng T, Le CM. BF 3-Catalyzed Intramolecular Fluorocarbamoylation of Alkynes via Halide Recycling. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11012-11018. [PMID: 37172320 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A BF3-catalyzed atom-economical fluorocarbamoylation reaction of alkyne-tethered carbamoyl fluorides is reported. The catalyst acts as both a fluoride source and Lewis acid activator, thereby enabling the formal insertion of alkynes into strong C-F bonds through a halide recycling mechanism. The developed method provides access to 3-(fluoromethylene) oxindoles and γ-lactams with excellent stereoselectivity, including fluorinated derivatives of known protein kinase inhibitors. Experimental and computational studies support a stepwise mechanism for the fluorocarbamoylation reaction involving a turnover-limiting cyclization step, followed by internal fluoride transfer from a BF3-coordinated carbamoyl adduct. For methylene oxindoles, a thermodynamically driven Z-E isomerization is facilitated by a transition state with aromatic character. In contrast, this aromatic stabilization is not relevant for γ-lactams, which results in a higher barrier for isomerization and the exclusive formation of the Z-isomer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Ali McKnight
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ramon Arora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Ekadashi Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Yuriko H Fujisato
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ayonitemi J Ajayi
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Mark Lautens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Christine M Le
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Leech MC, Nagornîi D, Walsh JM, Kiaku C, Poole DL, Mason J, Goodall ICA, Devo P, Lam K. eFluorination Using Cheap and Readily Available Tetrafluoroborate Salts. Org Lett 2023; 25:1353-1358. [PMID: 36856464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
A practical electrochemical method for the rapid, safer, and mild synthesis of tertiary hindered alkyl fluorides from carboxylic acids has been developed without the need for hydrofluoric acid salts or non-glass reactors. In this anodic fluorination, collidinium tetrafluoroborate acts as both the supporting electrolyte and fluoride donor. A wide range of functional groups has been shown to be compatible, and the possibility of scale-up using flow electrochemistry has also been demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Leech
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitrii Nagornîi
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie M Walsh
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - Cyrille Kiaku
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - Darren L Poole
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Mason
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Iain C A Goodall
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - Perry Devo
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Lam
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fujie M, Mizufune K, Nishimoto Y, Yasuda M. 1-Fluoro-1-sulfonyloxylation of Alkenes by Sterically and Electronically Tuned Hypervalent Iodine: Regression Analysis toward 1,1-Heterodifunctionalization. Org Lett 2023; 25:766-770. [PMID: 36710445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In the heterodifunctionalization of alkenes, 1,1-regioselectivity remains elusive in sharp contrast to 1,2-regioselectivity. Herein, the 1-fluoro-1-sulfonyloxylation of styrenes with Bu4NBF4 and sulfonic acids using a hypervalent iodine ArI(OAc)2 is reported. Regression analysis of substituents on ArI(OAc)2 suggested that their electron-withdrawing ability and steric factor influence the 1,1-heterodifunctionalization. We designed o-{2,4-(CF3)2C6H3}- and p-NO2-substituted ArI(OAc)2 by the regression analysis to achieve high selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Fujie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kyohei Mizufune
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lozada J, Xuan Lin W, Cao-Shen RM, Astoria Tai R, Perrin DM. Salt Metathesis: Tetrafluoroborate Anion Rapidly Fluoridates Organoboronic Acids to give Organotrifluoroborates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215371. [PMID: 36720697 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tetrafluoroborate (BF4 - ) has long been used as a spectator counter anion. Herein, we report an unprecedented salt metathesis between a variety of BF4 - salts and a series of organoboronic acids yielding the corresponding organotrifluoroborates. We identified conditions for fast and efficient fluoridation (<1 h) with minimal workup. Fundamentally, this work discloses the proclivity of BF4 - to exchange fluoride atoms with organoboronates, highlighting the lability of BF4 - .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Lozada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Wen Xuan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rosana M Cao-Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Ruyin Astoria Tai
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - David M Perrin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ionic Liquids Effect on the Stability of 17-Electron Cation Product of the Electrochemical Oxidation of Cymantrene. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217428. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative electrochemistry of cymantrene, CpMn(CO)3 (1; Cp = [η5-C5H5]–), was examined in ionic liquids (ILs) composed of anions of varying Lewis base properties. It was observed that the cyclic voltammetric responses strongly depended on the nucleophilic properties of the IL anion. Still, all observations are consistent with the initial formation of 1+ followed by an attack from the IL anion. In bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide [NTf2]-based ILs, the process shows close to ideal electrochemical reversibility as the reaction between 1+ and [NTf2] anion is very slow. On the other hand, in tetrafluoroborate and trifluoromethanesulfonate-based IL, the oxidation of 1 shows different levels of electrochemical reversibility with a marked sign of anion attack to 1+. In contrast, 1 exhibits an irreversible oxidation process in hexafluorophosphate-based IL. The reaction rate constants for the interaction of 1+ with the different IL anions were estimated by fitting the experimental data to digital simulations of the proposed mechanism. Besides, the use of [NTf2]-based ILs as a supporting electrolyte in CH2Cl2 was also examined. The oxidation process of 1 shows a close to ideal electrochemical reversibility but low to non-chemical reversibility. This study illustrates the wide range of electrochemical environments available with ILs and demonstrates their limited utility for investigating the redox properties of metal carbonyl compounds. It also intends to warn the reader on how the IL media may influence an electrochemical study if care is not exercised.
Collapse
|
16
|
Planas O, Peciukenas V, Leutzsch M, Nöthling N, Pantazis DA, Cornella J. Mechanism of the Aryl-F Bond-Forming Step from Bi(V) Fluorides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14489-14504. [PMID: 35921250 PMCID: PMC9394462 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we describe a combined experimental and theoretical mechanistic investigation of the C(sp2)-F bond formation from neutral and cationic high-valent organobismuth(V) fluorides, featuring a dianionic bis-aryl sulfoximine ligand. An exhaustive assessment of the substitution pattern in the ligand, the sulfoximine, and the reactive aryl on neutral triarylbismuth(V) difluorides revealed that formation of dimeric structures in solution promotes facile Ar-F bond formation. Noteworthy, theoretical modeling of reductive elimination from neutral bismuth(V) difluorides agrees with the experimentally determined kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Moreover, the addition of external fluoride sources leads to inactive octahedral anionic Bi(V) trifluoride salts, which decelerate reductive elimination. On the other hand, a parallel analysis for cationic bismuthonium fluorides revealed the crucial role of tetrafluoroborate anion as fluoride source. Both experimental and theoretical analyses conclude that C-F bond formation occurs through a low-energy five-membered transition-state pathway, where the F anion is delivered to a C(sp2) center, from a BF4 anion, reminiscent of the Balz-Schiemann reaction. The knowledge gathered throughout the investigation permitted a rational assessment of the key parameters of several ligands, identifying the simple sulfone-based ligand family as an improved system for the stoichiometric and catalytic fluorination of arylboronic acid derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Planas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Vytautas Peciukenas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Dimitrios A. Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Petrikat RI, Becker S. BF4
−
as source for the preparation of BF
2
bridged copper(II) dimethylglyoxime complexes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael I. Petrikat
- Fachbereich Chemie Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 54
| | - Sabine Becker
- Fachbereich Chemie Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 54
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tetramethylammonium Fluoride: Fundamental Properties and Applications in C-F Bond-Forming Reactions and as a Base. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophilic ionic sources of fluoride are essential reagents in the synthetic toolbox to access high added-value fluorinated building blocks unattainable by other means. In this review, we provide a concise description and rationale of the outstanding features of one of these reagents, tetramethylammonium fluoride (TMAF), as well as disclosing the different methods for its preparation, and how its physicochemical properties and solvation effects in different solvents are intimately associated with its reactivity. Furthermore, herein we also comprehensively describe its historic and recent utilization, up to December 2021, in C-F bond-forming reactions with special emphasis on nucleophilic aromatic substitution fluorinations with a potential sustainable application in industrial settings, as well as its use as a base capable of rendering unprecedented transformations.
Collapse
|
19
|
Zehra ST, Lan S, Zhang H, Liu J, Yang S, Fang X. Access to enantioenriched molecules with diverse fluorinated tetrasubstituted stereocenters using hydroxy as a kinetic resolution auxiliary group. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01493e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe in this paper that using secondary OH as the kinetic resolution auxiliary group, a series of previously unavailable fluorinated fully-substituted carbon molecules can be obtained with excellent level of enantioselectivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Tazeen Zehra
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Shouang Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Jinggong Liu
- Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| | - Xinqiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350100, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kirschner S, Peters M, Yuan K, Uzelac M, Ingleson MJ. Developing organoboranes as phase transfer catalysts for nucleophilic fluorination using CsF. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2661-2668. [PMID: 35340859 PMCID: PMC8890113 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00303a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the general high fluorophilicity of boron, organoboranes such as BEt3 and 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3–BPin are shown herein for the first time, to our knowledge, to be effective (solid to solution) phase-transfer catalysts for the fluorination of certain organohalides with CsF. Significant (up to 30% e.e.) chiral induction during nucleophilic fluorination to form β-fluoroamines using oxazaborolidine (pre)catalysts and CsF also can be achieved. Screening different boranes revealed a correlation between calculated fluoride affinity of the borane and nucleophilic fluorination reactivity, with sufficient fluoride affinity required for boranes to react with CsF and form Cs[fluoroborate] salts, but too high a fluoride affinity leading to fluoroborates that are poor at transferring fluoride to an electrophile. Fluoride affinity is only one component controlling reactivity in this context; effective fluorination also is dependent on the ligation of Cs+ which effects both the phase transfer of CsF and the magnitude of the [Cs⋯F-BR3] interaction and thus the B–F bond strength. Effective ligation of Cs+ (e.g. by [2.2.2]-cryptand) facilitates phase transfer of CsF by the borane but also weakens the Cs⋯F–B interaction which in turn strengthens the B–F bond – thus disfavouring fluoride transfer to an electrophile. Combined, these findings indicate that optimal borane mediated fluorination occurs using robust (to the fluorination conditions) boranes with fluoride affinity of ca. 105 kJ mol−1 (relative to Me3Si+) under conditions where a signficant Cs⋯F–B interaction persists. Simple boranes with the optimal fluoride ion affinity are effective as catalysts for phase transfer nucleophilic fluorination with CsF.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Kirschner
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Matthew Peters
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Kang Yuan
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Marina Uzelac
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| | - Michael J Ingleson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, The University of Edinburgh David Brewster Road Edinburgh EH9 3FJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Borchers PS, Elbert J, Anufriev I, Strumpf M, Nischang I, Hager MD, Schubert US. A Viologen Polymer and a Compact Ferrocene: Comparison of Solution Viscosities and Their Performance in a Redox Flow Battery with a Size Exclusion Membrane. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp S. Borchers
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Johannes Elbert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ilya Anufriev
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Maria Strumpf
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ivo Nischang
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yu Y, Liu A, Dhawan G, Mei H, Zhang W, Izawa K, Soloshonok VA, Han J. Fluorine-containing pharmaceuticals approved by the FDA in 2020: Synthesis and biological activity. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
23
|
He X, Wang X, Tse YLS, Ke Z, Yeung YY. Bis-selenonium Cations as Bidentate Chalcogen Bond Donors in Catalysis. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin He
- Department of Chemistry and The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Xinyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ying-Lung Steve Tse
- Department of Chemistry and The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Zhihai Ke
- Department of Chemistry and The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Ying-Yeung Yeung
- Department of Chemistry and The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yang L, Zhang CP. Revisiting the Balz-Schiemann Reaction of Aryldiazonium Tetrafluoroborate in Different Solvents under Catalyst- and Additive-Free Conditions. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21595-21603. [PMID: 34471763 PMCID: PMC8388107 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The thermal and photochemical Balz-Schiemann reaction in commonly used solvents was revisited under catalyst- and additive-free conditions. The study showed that using low- or non-polar solvents could improve the pyrolysis and photolysis of aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates, enabling effective fluorination at a low temperature or under visible-light irradiation. PhCl and hexane were exemplified as cheap and reliable solvents for both reactions, providing good to excellent yields of aryl fluorides from the corresponding diazonium tetrafluoroborates. The combination of slight heating with visible-light irradiation was beneficial for the transformation of stable aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates. Nevertheless, the electronic and steric nature of aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates still had a pivotal effect on both fluorinations even in these solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Yang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University
of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cheng-Pan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University
of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pons A, Delion L, Poisson T, Charette AB, Jubault P. Asymmetric Synthesis of Fluoro, Fluoromethyl, Difluoromethyl, and Trifluoromethylcyclopropanes. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:2969-2990. [PMID: 34232626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorine-containing cyclopropanes are a subclass of cyclopropane derivatives that have generated considerable interest in medicinal chemistry for several decades. The replacement of a cyclopropane C-H or C-CH3 bond with fluorine or a fluorinated group (such as CF3 or CF2H) can lead sometimes to synergistic effects in terms of biological activity and improved metabolic profile of a cyclopropane containing bioactive compound. In this context, the preparation of fluoro-, difluoromethyl-, or trifluoromethyl-cyclopropane is particularly attractive and important but quite challenging considering the unique electronic properties that result from the incorporation of a fluorine atom into a substrate or a reagent. In the past decade, we have sought to develop new routes for the stereoselective synthesis of these building blocks using the most reliable cyclopropanation methods and convenient and readily available starting materials. The challenge that had to be undertaken was how we could use the unique properties of the fluorine atom to improve upon the efficiency of a given process rather than shutting it down. This could be overcome by defining new substrate/reagent reactivity guidelines and carefully selecting whether the fluorinated group was introduced on the electrophilic or nucleophilic partner for a given reaction. In this Account, we describe our contributions in this area that take advantage of diazo-derived rhodium carbenes, zinc carbenoids, ring closure processes, and biocatalytic methods to access these important potential drug subunits. Our initial investigation relied on the development of a Michael-initiated ring closure reaction using the Reformatsky enolate derived from readily available ethyl dibromofluoroacetate and α,β-unsaturated electrophiles. The reaction proceeded extremely well but with modest to good diastereoselectivities with ester acrylates. Further extension to various fluorinated nucleophiles such as oxazolidinone based and DABCO ylides led to similar selectivities.In order to access enantioenriched fluorocyclopropanes, we then investigated the chiral dioxaborolane mediated zinc carbenoid based approaches using the fluoroiodomethylzinc carbenoid/allylic alcohol combination or the iodomethylzinc carbenoid/fluoroallylic alcohol combination. Quite surprisingly, both approaches were equally successful at providing the corresponding fluorocyclopropanes with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities.To broaden the scope of fluorinated cyclopropane building blocks that could be prepared with good enantiocontrol, we then investigated the rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation of fluoro-, difluoromethyl-, and trifluoromethyl-substituted alkenes with acceptor-acceptor and donor-acceptor diazo reagents. Depending on the substrate/reagent combination, Hashimoto's Rh2((S)-TCPTTL)4 or Davies' Rh2((S)-BTPCP)4 catalyst proved be the most efficient catalysts providing the cyclopropane derivatives with the highest enantioselectivities.More recently, a collaboration with Fasan's group led to the use of engineered myoglobins to catalyze the reaction of ethyl diazoacetate and difluoromethyl-substituted alkenes. This biocatalyzed process led to high turnover number and high enantioselectivities.Although our work has significantly increased the number of tools in the organic chemist's toolbox, continuous efforts in this area would be beneficial to the development of diastereo- and enantioselective approaches to allow the preparation of any elusive isomers of these valuable chiral building blocks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Pons
- Normandie University, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA UMR 6014, 7600 Rouen, France
| | - Laetitia Delion
- Normandie University, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA UMR 6014, 7600 Rouen, France
- Université de Montréal, Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, 1374, av. Thérèse Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Thomas Poisson
- Normandie University, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA UMR 6014, 7600 Rouen, France
- Institut universitaire de France, Paris 75231, France
| | - André B. Charette
- Université de Montréal, Centre in Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, 1374, av. Thérèse Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Philippe Jubault
- Normandie University, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA UMR 6014, 7600 Rouen, France
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xia M, Mutailipu M, Li F, Yang Z, Pan S. Cs 4 B 4 O 3 F 10 : First Fluorooxoborate with [BF 4 ] Involving Heteroanionic Units and Extremely Low Melting Point. Chemistry 2021; 27:9753-9757. [PMID: 33939211 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a new congruently melting mixed-anion compound Cs4 B4 O3 F10 has been characterized as the first fluorooxoborate with [BF4 ] involving heteroanionic units. Compound Cs4 B4 O3 F10 possesses two highly fluorinated anionic clusters and therefore its formula can be expressed as Cs3 (B3 O3 F6 ) ⋅ Cs(BF4 ). The influence of [BF4 ] units on micro-symmetry and structural evolution was discussed based on the parent compound. More importantly, Cs4 B4 O3 F10 shows the lowest melting point among all the available borates and thus sets a new record for such system. This work is of great significance to enrich and tailor the structure of borates using perfluorinated [BF4 ] units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Miriding Mutailipu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Fuming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Shilie Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices, 40-1 South Beijing Road, Urumqi, 830011, P.R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhu W, Zhen X, Wu J, Cheng Y, An J, Ma X, Liu J, Qin Y, Zhu H, Xue J, Jiang X. Catalytic asymmetric nucleophilic fluorination using BF 3·Et 2O as fluorine source and activating reagent. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3957. [PMID: 34172752 PMCID: PMC8233348 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorination using chiral catalytic methods could result in a direct access to asymmetric fluorine chemistry. However, challenges in catalytic asymmetric fluorinations, especially the longstanding stereochemical challenges existed in BF3·Et2O-based fluorinations, have not yet been addressed. Here we report the catalytic asymmetric nucleophilic fluorination using BF3·Et2O as the fluorine reagent in the presence of chiral iodine catalyst. Various chiral fluorinated oxazine products were obtained with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) and diastereoselectivities (up to >20:1 dr). Control experiments (the desired fluoro-oxazines could not be obtained when Py·HF or Et3N·3HF were employed as the fluorine source) indicated that BF3·Et2O acted not only as a fluorine reagent but also as the activating reagent for activation of iodosylbenzene. Catalytic asymmetric fluorination remains elusive, especially the longstanding stereochemical challenges which exist in BF3Et2O-based fluorinations. Here the authors show a catalytic asymmetric nucleophilic fluorination using BF3·Et2O as the fluorine reagent in the presence of chiral iodine catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jingyuan Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junkai An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xingyu Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jikun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuji Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jijun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xianxing Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhu B, Han H, Su WK, Yan B, Li Z, Yu C, Jiang X. Highly Stereoselective Intramolecular Carbofluorination of Internal α,β-Ynones Promoted by Selectfluor. Org Lett 2021; 23:4488-4492. [PMID: 34029477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a metal-free intramolecular carbofluorination protocol for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted monofluoroalkenes from internal α,β-ynones and Selectfluor with both high stereoselectivity and broad functional group tolerance. The chelation between tetrafluoroborate anion and the oxygen present in the aldehyde group rendered the reaction highly stereoselective, with the tetrafluoroborate serving as the direct fluorine source. Therefore, with addition of sodium tetrafluoroborate, Selectfluor could be reused several times without sacrificing reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingbin Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Hang Han
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ke Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Boan Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Chuanming Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Xinpeng Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Volchkov NV, Lipkind MB, Nefedov OM, Egorov MP. Three-step regioselective synthesis of 2,3-difluorohalobenzenes using tetrafluoroethylene and buta-1,3-diene as starting building blocks. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
30
|
Xiao P, Pannecoucke X, Bouillon JP, Couve-Bonnaire S. Wonderful fusion of organofluorine chemistry and decarboxylation strategy. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:6094-6151. [PMID: 34027960 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00216c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Decarboxylation strategy has been emerging as a powerful tool for the synthesis of fluorine-containing organic compounds that play important roles in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. Considerable progress in decarboxylation has been made over the past decade towards the construction of diverse valuable fluorinated fine chemicals for which the fluorinated part can be brought in two ways. The first way is described as the reaction of non-fluorinated carboxylic acids (and their derivatives) with fluorinating reagents, as well as fluorine-containing building blocks. The second way is dedicated to the exploration and the use of fluorine-containing carboxylic acids (and their derivatives) in decarboxylative transformations. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the development and applications of decarboxylative radical, nucleophilic and cross-coupling strategies in organofluorine chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xiao
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Xavier Pannecoucke
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kurioka T, Inagi S. Electricity-Driven Post-Functionalization of Conducting Polymers. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2107-2119. [PMID: 33835681 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical doping of conducting polymers (CPs) generates polarons (radical ionic species) and bipolarons (ionic species) in their backbone via multi-electron transfer between an electrode and the CP. In the electrochemical polymer reaction (ePR), these generated ionic species are regarded as reactive intermediates for further transformation of the chemical structures of CPs. This electrochemical post-functionalization can easily be used to control the degree of reactions by turning a power supply on/off, as well as tuning the applied electrode potential, which leads to fine-tuning of the various properties of the CPs, such as the HOMO/LUMO level and PL properties. This Account summarizes recent developments in the electrochemical post-functionalization of CPs. In particular, we focus on reaction design for the ePR, with respect to the preparation and structure of the precursor polymers, applicable functional groups, efficient reaction conditions, and electrolytic methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kurioka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Inagi
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
He G, Xiao X, Jin HZ, Lin JH, Zhong T, Zheng X, Xiao JC. Ph2S/selectfluor-promoted deoxydifluorination of aldehydes. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.131963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
33
|
Kuzminac IZ, Jakimov DS, Bekić SS, Ćelić AS, Marinović MA, Savić MP, Raičević VN, Kojić VV, Sakač MN. Synthesis and anticancer potential of novel 5,6-oxygenated and/or halogenated steroidal d-homo lactones. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 30:115935. [PMID: 33340938 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of 5,6-modified steroidal d-homo lactones, comprising of halogenated and/or oxygenated derivatives, was synthesized and evaluated for potential anticancer properties. Preparation of many of these compounds involved investigating alternative synthetic pathways. In silico ADME testing was performed for both novel and some previously synthesized compounds. Calculated physicochemical properties were in accordance with the Lipinski, Veber, Egan, Ghose and Muegge criteria, suggesting the potential of these molecules as orally active agents. Cytotoxicity of the synthesized steroid derivatives was tested on six tumor and one normal human cell line. None of the investigated derivatives was toxic to non-cancerous MRC-5 control cells. Most of the compounds showed significant cytotoxicity against the treated cancer cell lines. Most notably, the 3β,5α,6β-trihydroxy derivative exhibited strong cytotoxicity against multiple cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and HT-29), with the highest effect observed for lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells, for which this steroid was more cytotoxic than all of the three commercial chemotherapeutic agents used as reference compounds. Molecular docking suggests the 3β,5α,6β-trihydroxy derivative could bind the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain with high affinity, providing a potential mechanism for its cytotoxicity via inhibition of EGFR signaling. The most active compounds were further studied for their potential to induce apoptosis by the double-staining fluorescence method; where the 5α,6β-dibromide, 5α,6β-dichloride and 3β,5α,6β-triol induced apoptotic changes in all three treated cell lines: MDA-MB-231, HT-29 and A549. To predict interactions with nuclear steroidal receptors, affinity for the ligand binding domains of ERα, ERβ and AR was measured using a yeast-based fluorescence assay. The 5β,6β-epoxide, dibromide and 5α-hydroxy-3,6-dioxo derivatives showed affinity for ERα, while the 5α-fluoro-6β-hydroxy and 3β-acetoxy-5α,6β-dihydroxy derivatives were identified as ERβ ligands. None of the tested compounds showed affinity for AR. Structure-activity relationships of selected compounds were also examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Z Kuzminac
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Dimitar S Jakimov
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put Dr Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Sofija S Bekić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Anđelka S Ćelić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maja A Marinović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marina P Savić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vidak N Raičević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna V Kojić
- Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Put Dr Goldmana 4, 21204 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Marija N Sakač
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Srivastava R, Jakoobi M, Thieuleux C, Quadrelli EA, Camp C. A family of rhodium(i) NHC chelates featuring O-containing tethers for catalytic tandem alkene isomerization-hydrosilylation. Dalton Trans 2020; 50:869-879. [PMID: 33237067 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03698f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The rhodium complex Rh(HL)(COD)Cl, 1, L being a functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand with an oxygen-containing pendant arm, has been used as the entry point to synthesize a series of neutral and cationic Rh(i) O,C chelates. While the Rh-carbene interaction is similar in all these 16-electron complexes, structural analysis reveals that the strength of the Rh-O bond is greatly affected by the nature of the O-donor: R-O- > R-OH > R-OBF3. These subtle changes in the nature of the O-containing tether are found to be responsible for large differences in the alkene hydrosilylation catalytic activity of these compounds: the stronger the Rh-O interaction, the better the catalytic performances. The most active catalyst, [Rh(L)(COD)], 2, demonstrated good catalytic activity under mild reaction conditions for the hydrosilylation of a range of alkene substrates with the industrially relevant non-activated tertiary silane, 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane (MDHM). Furthermore, this complex is an effective catalyst for the selective remote functionalization of internal olefins at room temperature via tandem alkene isomerization-hydrosilylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Srivastava
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, C2P2 UMR 5265 CNRS-UCBL-CPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Il’ina IV, Patrusheva OS, Korchagina DV, Volcho KP, Salakhutdinov NF. Synthesis of Fluorinated Octahydro-2H-Chromenes in the Presence of the BF3·Et2O–H2O Catalytic System. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-020-02743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
36
|
Guo R, Qi X, Xiang H, Geaneotes P, Wang R, Liu P, Wang Y. Stereodivergent Alkyne Hydrofluorination Using Protic Tetrafluoroborates as Tunable Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Hengye Xiang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Paul Geaneotes
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Ruihan Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Yi‐Ming Wang
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Guo R, Qi X, Xiang H, Geaneotes P, Wang R, Liu P, Wang YM. Stereodivergent Alkyne Hydrofluorination Using Protic Tetrafluoroborates as Tunable Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:16651-16660. [PMID: 32485005 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of safe, general, and practical procedures to prepare vinyl fluorides from readily available precursors remains a synthetic challenge. The metal-free hydrofluorination of alkynes constitutes an attractive though elusive strategy for their preparation. Introduced here is an inexpensive and easily handled reagent that enables the development of simple and scalable protocols for the regioselective hydrofluorination of alkynes to access both the E and Z isomers of vinyl fluorides. These reaction conditions were suitable for a diverse collection of alkynes, including several highly functionalized pharmaceutical derivatives. Computational and experimental mechanistic studies support C-F bond formation through vinyl cation intermediates, with the E- and Z-hydrofluorination products forming under kinetic and thermodynamic control, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Hengye Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Paul Geaneotes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Ruihan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liao L, An R, Li H, Xu Y, Wu J, Zhao X. Catalytic Access to Functionalized Allylic
gem
‐Difluorides via Fluorinative Meyer–Schuster‐Like Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202003897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Liao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Rui An
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Huimin Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jin‐Ji Wu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
The BF4− anion is characterised by weak Lewis base properties; it is usually classified as a “non-coordinating anion”. The searches through the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) were performed and it was found that the BF4− anion often occurs in crystal structures and it is involved in numerous intermolecular interactions; hydrogen bonds are the majority of them. The hydrogen bonds involving the BF4− anion as a proton acceptor are closer to linearity with the increase of the strength of interaction that is in line with the tendency known for other hydrogen bonds. However, even for short contacts between the proton and the Lewis base centre, slight deviations from linearity occur. The MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ calculations on the BF4−…HCN complex and on the BF4−…(HCN)4 cluster were also carried out to characterise corresponding C-H…F hydrogen bonds; such interactions often occur in crystal structures.
Collapse
|
40
|
Hiller NDJ, do Amaral e Silva NA, Tavares TA, Faria RX, Eberlin MN, de Luna Martins D. Arylboronic Acids and their Myriad of Applications Beyond Organic Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi de Jesus Hiller
- Instituto de Química; Laboratório de Catálise e Síntese (Lab CSI); Laboratório 413; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro de São João Batista s/n; Campus do Valonguinho, Centro Niterói RJ 24020-141 Brasil
| | - Nayane Abreu do Amaral e Silva
- Instituto de Química; Laboratório de Catálise e Síntese (Lab CSI); Laboratório 413; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro de São João Batista s/n; Campus do Valonguinho, Centro Niterói RJ 24020-141 Brasil
| | - Thais Apolinário Tavares
- Instituto de Química; Laboratório de Catálise e Síntese (Lab CSI); Laboratório 413; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro de São João Batista s/n; Campus do Valonguinho, Centro Niterói RJ 24020-141 Brasil
| | - Robson Xavier Faria
- Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras Protozooses; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz; Av. Brasil, 4365 Manguinhos Rio de Janeiro RJ 21040-360 Brasil
| | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- Mackenzie Presbyterian University; School of Engineering; Rua da Consolação, 930 SP 01302-907 São Paulo Brasil
| | - Daniela de Luna Martins
- Instituto de Química; Laboratório de Catálise e Síntese (Lab CSI); Laboratório 413; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro de São João Batista s/n; Campus do Valonguinho, Centro Niterói RJ 24020-141 Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liao L, An R, Li H, Xu Y, Wu J, Zhao X. Catalytic Access to Functionalized Allylic
gem
‐Difluorides via Fluorinative Meyer–Schuster‐Like Rearrangement. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11010-11019. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202003897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihao Liao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Rui An
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Huimin Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yang Xu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jin‐Ji Wu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry & MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic ChemistrySchool of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Webb EW, Park JB, Cole EL, Donnelly DJ, Bonacorsi SJ, Ewing WR, Doyle AG. Nucleophilic (Radio)Fluorination of Redox-Active Esters via Radical-Polar Crossover Enabled by Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9493-9500. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric W. Webb
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - John B. Park
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Erin L. Cole
- Discovery Chemistry Platforms, PET Radiochemical Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - David J. Donnelly
- Discovery Chemistry Platforms, PET Radiochemical Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Samuel J. Bonacorsi
- Discovery Chemistry Platforms, PET Radiochemical Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - William R. Ewing
- Discovery Chemistry, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-5400, United States
| | - Abigail G. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Two-step regioselective synthesis of 1,2-difluorobenzenes from chlorotrifluoroethylene and buta-l,3-dienes. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2724-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
44
|
Caron S. Where Does the Fluorine Come From? A Review on the Challenges Associated with the Synthesis of Organofluorine Compounds. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Caron
- Chemical Research & Development, Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development, MS 8220-2432, Eastern Point Rd, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kameo H, Baba Y, Sakaki S, Tanaka Y, Matsuzaka H. Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of an SN2-type Pathway for Borate–Fluorine Bond Cleavage by Electron-Rich Late-Transition Metal Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4282-4291. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Kameo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuki Baba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Takano-nishihiraki-cho 34-4, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Yudai Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsuzaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sultana S, Lee YR. Construction of Halofunctionalized Indenes via a Cascade Prins‐Nazarov Cyclization Promoted by Dual Roles of BX
3. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabera Sultana
- School of Chemical EngineeringYeungnam University Gyeongsan 38541 Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical EngineeringYeungnam University Gyeongsan 38541 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yue SL, Jiang M, Li H, Liu JT. Triflylation of 1,4-Benzoquinones with sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate. J Fluor Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2019.109410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
48
|
Meyer CF, Hell SM, Sap JB, Misale A, Peschiulli A, Oehlrich D, Trabanco AA, Gouverneur V. Hydrochlorofluoromethylation of unactivated alkenes with chlorofluoroacetic acid. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
49
|
Li X, Shi X, Li X, Shi D. Recent advances in transition-metal-catalyzed incorporation of fluorine-containing groups. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2213-2270. [PMID: 31598178 PMCID: PMC6774084 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorine chemistry plays an increasingly important role in pharmaceutical, agricultural, and materials industries. The incorporation of fluorine-containing groups into organic molecules can improve their chemical and physical properties, which attracts continuous interest in organic synthesis. Among various reported methods, transition-metal-catalyzed fluorination/fluoroalkylation has emerged as a powerful method for the construction of these compounds. This review attempts to describe the major advances in the transition-metal-catalyzed incorporation of fluorine, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethylthio, and trifluoromethoxy groups reported between 2011 and 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Shi
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Remete AM, Kiss L. Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Molecular Entities Through Fluoride Ring Opening of Oxiranes and Aziridines. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Márió Remete
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Loránd Kiss
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
- Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre; Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; University of Szeged; Eötvös u. 6 6720 Szeged Hungary
| |
Collapse
|