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Hommel K, Kauth AMA, Kirupakaran A, Theisen S, Hayduk M, Niemeyer FC, Beuck C, Zadmard R, Bayer P, Jan Ravoo B, Voskuhl J, Schrader T, Knauer SK. Functional Linkers Support Targeting of Multivalent Tweezers to Taspase1. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401542. [PMID: 38958349 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Taspase 1 is a unique protease not only pivotal for embryonic development but also implicated in leukemias and solid tumors. As such, this enzyme is a promising while still challenging therapeutic target, and with its protein structure featuring a flexible loop preceding the active site a versatile model system for drug development. Supramolecular ligands provide a promising complementary approach to traditional small-molecule inhibitors. Recently, the multivalent arrangement of molecular tweezers allowed the successful targeting of Taspase 1's surface loop. With this study we now want to take the next logic step und utilize functional linker systems that not only allow the implementation of novel properties but also engage in protein surface binding. Consequently, we chose two different linker types differing from the original divalent assembly: a backbone with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties to enable monitoring of binding and a calix[4]arene scaffold initially pre-positioning the supramolecular binding units. With a series of four AIE-equipped ligands with stepwise increased valency we demonstrated that the functionalized AIE linkers approach ligand binding affinities in the nanomolar range and allow efficient proteolytic inhibition of Taspase 1. Moreover, implementation of the calix[4]arene backbone further enhanced the ligands' inhibitory potential, pointing to a specific linker contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Hommel
- Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB) and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Alisa-Maite A Kauth
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Abbna Kirupakaran
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Biosupramolecular Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Theisen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Biosupramolecular Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Hayduk
- Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry II), Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB) and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Felix C Niemeyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Biosupramolecular Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Beuck
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Reza Zadmard
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI), P. O. Box 14335-186, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter Bayer
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, Busso-Peus-Straße 10, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Voskuhl
- Faculty of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry II), Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB) and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Biosupramolecular Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB) and Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
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2
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Porfetye AT, Stege P, Rebollido-Rios R, Hoffmann D, Schrader T, Vetter IR. How Do Molecular Tweezers Bind to Proteins? Lessons from X-ray Crystallography. Molecules 2024; 29:1764. [PMID: 38675584 PMCID: PMC11051928 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To understand the biological relevance and mode of action of artificial protein ligands, crystal structures with their protein targets are essential. Here, we describe and investigate all known crystal structures that contain a so-called "molecular tweezer" or one of its derivatives with an attached natural ligand on the respective target protein. The aromatic ring system of these compounds is able to include lysine and arginine side chains, supported by one or two phosphate groups that are attached to the half-moon-shaped molecule. Due to their marked preference for basic amino acids and the fully reversible binding mode, molecular tweezers are able to counteract pathologic protein aggregation and are currently being developed as disease-modifying therapies against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. We analyzed the corresponding crystal structures with 14-3-3 proteins in complex with mono- and diphosphate tweezers. Furthermore, we solved crystal structures of two different tweezer variants in complex with the enzyme Δ1-Pyrroline-5-carboxyl-dehydrogenase (P5CDH) and found that the tweezers are bound to a lysine and methionine side chain, respectively. The different binding modes and their implications for affinity and specificity are discussed, as well as the general problems in crystallizing protein complexes with artificial ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur T. Porfetye
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Patricia Stege
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rocio Rebollido-Rios
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoffmann
- Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Ingrid R. Vetter
- Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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3
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Muikham I, Thongsum O, Jaranathummakul S, Wathammawut A, Chotwiwatthanakun C, Jariyapong P, Weerachatyanukul W. Interior modification of Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus-like particle enhances encapsulation of VP37-dsRNA against shrimp white spot syndrome infection. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:91. [PMID: 38459500 PMCID: PMC10921773 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Application of a virus-like particle (VLP) as a nanocontainer to encapsulate double stranded (ds)RNA to control viral infection in shrimp aquaculture has been extensively reported. In this study, we aimed at improving VLP's encapsulation efficiency which should lead to a superior fighting weapon with disastrous viruses. RESULTS We constructed 2 variants of chimeric Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV)-like particles (V1- and V2-MrN-VLPs) and tested their efficiency to encapsulate VP37 double stranded RNA as well as WSSV protection in P. vannamei. Two types of short peptides, RNA-binding domain (RBD) and deca-arginine (10R) were successfully engineered into the interior surface of VLP, the site where the contact with VP37-dsRNA occurs. TEM and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses revealed that the chimeric VLPs remained their assembling property to be an icosahedral symmetric particle with a diameter of about 30 nm, similar to the original MrN-VLP particle. The superior encapsulation efficiency of VP37-dsRNA into V2-MrN-VLP was achieved, which was slightly better than that of V1-MrN-VLP but far better (1.4-fold) than its parental V0-MrN-VLP which the mole ratio of 7.5-10.5 for all VLP variants. The protection effect against challenging WSSV (as gauged from the level of VP37 gene and the remaining viral copy number in shrimp) was significantly improved in both V1- and V2-MrN-VLP compared with an original V0-MrN-VLP template. CONCLUSION MrN-VLP (V0-) were re-engineered interiorly with RBD (V1-) and 10R (V2-) peptides which had an improved VP37-dsRNA encapsulation capability. The protection effect against WSSV infection through shrimp administration with dsRNA + V1-/V2-MrN VLPs was experimentally evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsares Muikham
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Rd., Rachathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Orawan Thongsum
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Rd., Rachathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Somkid Jaranathummakul
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Rd., Rachathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Atthaboon Wathammawut
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Charoonroj Chotwiwatthanakun
- Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Nakhonsawan Campus, Nakhonsawan, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Shrimp Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Centex Shrimp), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pitchanee Jariyapong
- Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Thasala District, Nakhonsrithammarat, 80160, Thailand.
| | - Wattana Weerachatyanukul
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Rd., Rachathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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4
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Lee H, Lee D. Assembling Molecular Clips To Build π-Stacks. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302523. [PMID: 37658276 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Nature utilizes an intimate stacking of aromatic motifs to construct functional structures, as demonstrated in protein folding and polynucleotide assembly. However, organized π-stacks of artificial molecules are difficult to build, primarily due to the weak, non-directional, and context-sensitive nature of van der Waals forces. To overcome these challenges, chemists have invented ingenious architectural designs to construct π-stacked supramolecular assemblies using clip-like molecules. This Concept article focuses on molecular clips that enable precise spatial control over assembly patterns, beyond the scope of simple host-guest chemistry. Different design strategies are analyzed and compared that leverage non-covalent interactions to create multi-layer π-stacks. Particular emphasis is placed on the choice of spine units as they play a crucial role in controlling the (i) spacing, (ii) orientation, and (iii) conformational pre-organization of linked aromatics to achieve long-range spatial ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Dongwhan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
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5
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Shuto M, Sumida R, Yuasa M, Sawada T, Yoshizawa M. A Closed Cavity Strategy for Selective Dipeptide Binding by a Polyaromatic Receptor in Water. JACS AU 2023; 3:2905-2911. [PMID: 37885581 PMCID: PMC10598568 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Precise recognition of peptides is a daunting task owing to the substantial number of available amino acids and their combination into various oligo/polymeric structures in addition to the high hydration of their flexible frameworks. Here, we report the selective recognition of a dipeptide through a closed cavity strategy, in contrast to previous synthetic receptors with open cavities. A polyaromatic receptor with a virtually isolated, hydrophobic cavity exclusively binds one molecule of phenylalanine dipeptide from a mixture with its amino acid and tripeptide in water via multiple CH-π and hydrogen-bonding interactions in the complementary cavity. The binding selectivity persists even in the presence of other dipeptides, such as leucine-leucine, leucine-phenylalanine, tyrosine-phenylalanine, tryptophan-tryptophan, and aspartame, revealed by NMR/MS-based competitive binding experiments. ITC studies reveal that the selective binding of the phenylalanine dipeptide is relatively strong (Ka = 1.1 × 105 M-1) and an enthalpically and entropically favorable process (ΔH = -11.7 kJ mol-1 and TΔS = 17.0 kJ mol-1). In addition, the present receptor can be used for the emission detection of the dipeptide through a combination with a fluorescent dye in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Shuto
- Laboratory for Chemistry
and Life Science, Institute of Innovative
Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Ryuki Sumida
- Laboratory for Chemistry
and Life Science, Institute of Innovative
Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Mana Yuasa
- Laboratory for Chemistry
and Life Science, Institute of Innovative
Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Sawada
- Laboratory for Chemistry
and Life Science, Institute of Innovative
Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Michito Yoshizawa
- Laboratory for Chemistry
and Life Science, Institute of Innovative
Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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6
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Yao T, Song J, Hong Y, Gan Y, Ren X, Du K. Application of cellulose to chromatographic media: Cellulose dissolution, and media fabrication and derivatization. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464202. [PMID: 37423075 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
As the cornerstone of chromatographic technology, the development of high-performance chromatographic media is a crucial means to enhance the purification efficiency of biological macromolecules. Cellulose is a popular biological separation medium due to its abundant hydroxyl group on the surface, easy modification and, weak non-specific adsorption. In this paper, the development of cellulosic solvent systems, typical preparation methods of cellulosic chromatographic media, and the enhancement of chromatographic properties of cellulosic chromatographic media by polymeric ligand grafting strategies and their mechanism of action are reviewed. Ultimately, based on the current research status, a promising outlook for the preparation of high-performance cellulose-based chromatographic media was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Jialing Song
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Yihang Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ya Gan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Xingfa Ren
- Welch Materials, Inc. Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kaifeng Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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7
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Seiler T, Lennartz A, Klein K, Hommel K, Figueroa Bietti A, Hadrovic I, Kollenda S, Sager J, Beuck C, Chlosta E, Bayer P, Juul-Madsen K, Vorup-Jensen T, Schrader T, Epple M, Knauer SK, Hartmann L. Potentiating Tweezer Affinity to a Protein Interface with Sequence-Defined Macromolecules on Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3666-3679. [PMID: 37507377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Survivin, a well-known member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, is upregulated in many cancer cells, which is associated with resistance to chemotherapy. To circumvent this, inhibitors are currently being developed to interfere with the nuclear export of survivin by targeting its protein-protein interaction (PPI) with the export receptor CRM1. Here, we combine for the first time a supramolecular tweezer motif, sequence-defined macromolecular scaffolds, and ultrasmall Au nanoparticles (us-AuNPs) to tailor a high avidity inhibitor targeting the survivin-CRM1 interaction. A series of biophysical and biochemical experiments, including surface plasmon resonance measurements and their multivalent evaluation by EVILFIT, reveal that for divalent macromolecular constructs with increasing linker distance, the longest linkers show superior affinity, slower dissociation, as well as more efficient PPI inhibition. As a drawback, these macromolecular tweezer conjugates do not enter cells, a critical feature for potential applications. The problem is solved by immobilizing the tweezer conjugates onto us-AuNPs, which enables efficient transport into HeLa cells. On the nanoparticles, the tweezer valency rises from 2 to 16 and produces a 100-fold avidity increase. The hierarchical combination of different scaffolds and controlled multivalent presentation of supramolecular binders was the key to the development of highly efficient survivin-CRM1 competitors. This concept may also be useful for other PPIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Seiler
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstraße 1, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Annika Lennartz
- Department for Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Kai Klein
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5-7, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Katrin Hommel
- Department for Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Antonio Figueroa Bietti
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Inesa Hadrovic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kollenda
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5-7, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Jonas Sager
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5-7, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Christine Beuck
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Emilia Chlosta
- Department for Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Peter Bayer
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Kristian Juul-Madsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Skou Building (1115), Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Vorup-Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Skou Building (1115), Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5-7, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Department for Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstrasse 5, Essen 45117, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department for Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Universitaetsstraße 1, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
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8
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Zhang Y, Ourri B, Skowron PT, Jeamet E, Chetot T, Duchamp C, Belenguer AM, Vanthuyne N, Cala O, Dumont E, Mandal PK, Huc I, Perret F, Vial L, Leclaire J. Self-assembly of achiral building blocks into chiral cyclophanes using non-directional interactions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7126-7135. [PMID: 37416699 PMCID: PMC10321575 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01235b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The diastereoselective assembly of achiral constituents through a single spontaneous process into complex covalent architectures bearing multiple stereogenic elements still remains a challenge for synthetic chemists. Here, we show that such an extreme level of control can be achieved by implementing stereo-electronic information on synthetic organic building blocks and templates and that non-directional interactions (i.e., electrostatic and steric interactions) can transfer this information to deliver, after self-assembly, high-molecular weight macrocyclic species carrying up to 16 stereogenic elements. Beyond the field of supramolecular chemistry, this proof of concept should stimulate the on-demand production of highly structured polyfunctional architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 Marseille France
| | - Benjamin Ourri
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA, CPE, ICBMS F-69622 Lyon France
| | | | - Emeric Jeamet
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA, CPE, ICBMS F-69622 Lyon France
| | - Titouan Chetot
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA, CPE, ICBMS F-69622 Lyon France
| | | | - Ana M Belenguer
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Olivier Cala
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon Lyon France
| | - Elise Dumont
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182 46 allée d'Italie 69364 Lyon France
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, UMR 7272 06108 Nice France
| | - Pradeep K Mandal
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr., 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Ivan Huc
- Department of Pharmacy and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Butenandtstr., 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Florent Perret
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA, CPE, ICBMS F-69622 Lyon France
| | - Laurent Vial
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA, CPE, ICBMS F-69622 Lyon France
| | - Julien Leclaire
- Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA, CPE, ICBMS F-69622 Lyon France
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9
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Neblik J, Kirupakaran A, Beuck C, Mieres-Perez J, Niemeyer F, Le MH, Telgheder U, Schmuck JF, Dudziak A, Bayer P, Sanchez-Garcia E, Westermann S, Schrader T. Multivalent Molecular Tweezers Disrupt the Essential NDC80 Interaction with Microtubules. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37392180 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Binding of microtubule filaments by the conserved Ndc80 protein is required for kinetochore-microtubule attachments in cells and the successful distribution of the genetic material during cell division. The reversible inhibition of microtubule binding is an important aspect of the physiological error correction process. Small molecule inhibitors of protein-protein interactions involving Ndc80 are therefore highly desirable, both for mechanistic studies of chromosome segregation and also for their potential therapeutic value. Here, we report on a novel strategy to develop rationally designed inhibitors of the Ndc80 Calponin-homology domain using Supramolecular Chemistry. With a multiple-click approach, lysine-specific molecular tweezers were assembled to form covalently fused dimers to pentamers with a different overall size and preorganization/stiffness. We identified two dimers and a trimer as efficient Ndc80 CH-domain binders and have shown that they disrupt the interaction between Ndc80 and microtubules at low micromolar concentrations without affecting microtubule dynamics. NMR spectroscopy allowed us to identify the biologically important lysine residues 160 and 204 as preferred tweezer interaction sites. Enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations provided a rationale for the binding mode of multivalent tweezers and the role of pre-organization and secondary interactions in targeting multiple lysine residues across a protein surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Neblik
- Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Abbna Kirupakaran
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Christine Beuck
- Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Joel Mieres-Perez
- Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
- Computational Bioengineering, Faculty of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westfalia 44227, Germany
| | - Felix Niemeyer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - My-Hue Le
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Ursula Telgheder
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Jessica Felice Schmuck
- Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Alexander Dudziak
- Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Peter Bayer
- Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
- Computational Bioengineering, Faculty of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, North Rhine-Westfalia 44227, Germany
| | - Stefan Westermann
- Faculty of Biology, Center of Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, North Rhine-Westfalia 45141, Germany
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10
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Maity D. Recent advances in the modulation of amyloid protein aggregation using the supramolecular host-guest approaches. Biophys Chem 2023; 297:107022. [PMID: 37058879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Misfolding of proteins is associated with many incurable diseases in human beings. Understanding the process of aggregation from monomers to fibrils, the characterization of all intermediate species, and the origin of toxicity is very challenging. Extensive research including computational and experimental shed some light on these tricky phenomena. Non-covalent interactions between amyloidogenic domains of proteins play a major role in their self-assembly which can be disrupted by designed chemical tools. This will lead to the development of inhibitors of detrimental amyloid formations. In supramolecular host-guest chemistry approaches, different macrocycles function as hosts for encapsulating hydrophobic guests, i.e. phenylalanine residues of proteins, in their hydrophobic cavities via non-covalent interactions. In this way, they can disrupt the interactions between adjacent amyloidogenic proteins and prevent their self-aggregation. This supramolecular approach has also emerged as a prospective tool to modify the aggregation of several amyloidogenic proteins. In this review, we discussed recent supramolecular host-guest chemistry-based strategies for the inhibition of amyloid protein aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Maity
- Department of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad 500007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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11
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Shahpasand-Kroner H, Siddique I, Malik R, Linares GR, Ivanova MI, Ichida J, Weil T, Münch J, Sanchez-Garcia E, Klärner FG, Schrader T, Bitan G. Molecular Tweezers: Supramolecular Hosts with Broad-Spectrum Biological Applications. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:263-308. [PMID: 36549866 PMCID: PMC9976797 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine-selective molecular tweezers (MTs) are supramolecular host molecules displaying a remarkably broad spectrum of biologic activities. MTs act as inhibitors of the self-assembly and toxicity of amyloidogenic proteins using a unique mechanism. They destroy viral membranes and inhibit infection by enveloped viruses, such as HIV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, by mechanisms unrelated to their action on protein self-assembly. They also disrupt biofilm of Gram-positive bacteria. The efficacy and safety of MTs have been demonstrated in vitro, in cell culture, and in vivo, suggesting that these versatile compounds are attractive therapeutic candidates for various diseases, infections, and injuries. A lead compound called CLR01 has been shown to inhibit the aggregation of various amyloidogenic proteins, facilitate their clearance in vivo, prevent infection by multiple viruses, display potent anti-biofilm activity, and have a high safety margin in animal models. The inhibitory effect of CLR01 against amyloidogenic proteins is highly specific to abnormal self-assembly of amyloidogenic proteins with no disruption of normal mammalian biologic processes at the doses needed for inhibition. Therapeutic effects of CLR01 have been demonstrated in animal models of proteinopathies, lysosomal-storage diseases, and spinal-cord injury. Here we review the activity and mechanisms of action of these intriguing compounds and discuss future research directions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Molecular tweezers are supramolecular host molecules with broad biological applications, including inhibition of abnormal protein aggregation, facilitation of lysosomal clearance of toxic aggregates, disruption of viral membranes, and interference of biofilm formation by Gram-positive bacteria. This review discusses the molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of the molecular tweezers, including the discovery of distinct mechanisms acting in vitro and in vivo, and the application of these compounds in multiple preclinical disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedieh Shahpasand-Kroner
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ibrar Siddique
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ravinder Malik
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gabriel R Linares
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Magdalena I Ivanova
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Justin Ichida
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tatjana Weil
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Frank-Gerrit Klärner
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine (H.S.-K., I.S., R.M., G.B.), Brain Research Institute (G.B.), and Molecular Biology Institute (G.B.), University of California, Los Angeles, California; Department of Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California (G.R.L., J.I.); Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan (M.I.I.); Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany (T.W., J.M.); and Department of Computational Biochemistry (E.S.-G.) and Faculty of Chemistry (F-G.K., T.S.), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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12
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Zhang T, Yang Z, He X, Guo L, Wang J, Jiang X, Shen R, Lu X. A ratiometric fluorescent dye for detection of Lys and Arg and its bioimaging in live cells and zebrafish larvae. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:703-708. [PMID: 36691870 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01740g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A ratiometric and pH-sensitive fluorescent dye named IDE was applied to the detection of argine and lysine from common amino acids and exploited to monitor the Lys and Arg levels in living cells and zebrafish larvae successfully. IDE will be a useful fluorescence indicator of pH changes by Lys and Arg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Luxin Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
| | - Xuewen Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
| | - Ruling Shen
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xiuhong Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
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13
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Webster CS, Balduzzi F, Davis AP. Tricyclic octaurea "Temples" for the recognition of polar molecules in water. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:525-532. [PMID: 36533594 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02061k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two water-soluble tricyclic "Temple" macrocycles featuring pyrene roof/floor units and bis-urea spacers have been synthesised and studied as receptors for aromatic compounds in aqueous media. The tricycles show good selectivity for methylated purine alkaloids such as caffeine versus unsubstituted heterocycles such as adenine and indole. Binding is signalled by major changes in fluorescence, apparently due to the break-up of intramolecular excimers. The formation of excimers implies cavity collapse in the absence of guests explaining why, unlike an earlier relative, these receptors do not bind carbohydrates. Naphthalenediimides (NDIs) have also been studied as geometrically complementary guests, and indeed bind especially strongly (Ka > 107 M-1); this powerful and selective association suggests potential applications in supramolecular self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire S Webster
- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Federica Balduzzi
- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Anthony P Davis
- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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14
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Hutchison MT, Bellomo G, Cherepanov A, Stirnal E, Fürtig B, Richter C, Linhard V, Gurewitsch E, Lelli M, Morgner N, Schrader T, Schwalbe H. Modulation of Aβ42 Aggregation Kinetics and Pathway by Low-Molecular-Weight Inhibitors. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200760. [PMID: 36652672 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of amyloid-β 42 (Aβ42) is directly related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Here, we have investigated the early stages of the aggregation process, during which most of the cytotoxic species are formed. Aβ42 aggregation kinetics, characterized by the quantification of Aβ42 monomer consumption, were tracked by real-time solution NMR spectroscopy (RT-NMR) allowing the impact that low-molecular-weight (LMW) inhibitors and modulators exert on the aggregation process to be analysed. Distinct differences in the Aβ42 kinetic profiles were apparent and were further investigated kinetically and structurally by using thioflavin T (ThT) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. LMW inhibitors were shown to have a differential impact on early-state aggregation. Insight provided here could direct future therapeutic design based on kinetic profiling of the process of fibril formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Theres Hutchison
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Giovanni Bellomo
- Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazzale Lucio Severi 1/8, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alexey Cherepanov
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Elke Stirnal
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Boris Fürtig
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Christian Richter
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Verena Linhard
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Elina Gurewitsch
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Moreno Lelli
- Chemistry Department, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM/CIRMMP), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Nina Morgner
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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15
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Höing A, Struth R, Beuck C, Rafieiolhosseini N, Hoffmann D, Stauber RH, Bayer P, Niemeyer J, Knauer SK. Dual activity inhibition of threonine aspartase 1 by a single bisphosphate ligand. RSC Adv 2022; 12:34176-34184. [PMID: 36545626 PMCID: PMC9709806 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06019a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy resistance remains a challenge for the clinics. Here, dual-active chemicals that simultaneously inhibit independent functions in disease-relevant proteins are desired though highly challenging. As a model, we here addressed the unique protease threonine aspartase 1, involved in various cancers. We hypothesized that targeting basic residues in its bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) by precise bisphosphate ligands inhibits additional steps required for protease activity. We report the bisphosphate anionic bivalent inhibitor 11d, selectively binding to the basic NLS cluster (220KKRR223) with high affinity (K D = 300 nM), thereby disrupting its interaction and function with Importin α (IC50 = 6 μM). Cell-free assays revealed that 11d additionally affected the protease's catalytic substrate trans-cleavage activity. Importantly, functional assays comprehensively demonstrated that 11d inhibited threonine aspartase 1 also in living tumor cells. We demonstrate for the first time that intracellular interference with independent key functions in a disease-relevant protein by an inhibitor binding to a single site is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Höing
- Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB)/Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Robin Struth
- Organic Chemistry, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Christine Beuck
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Neda Rafieiolhosseini
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Daniel Hoffmann
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Roland H Stauber
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology/ENT, University Medical Center Mainz (UMM) Langenbeckstrasse 1 55101 Mainz Germany
| | - Peter Bayer
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Jochen Niemeyer
- Organic Chemistry, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB)/Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5 45141 Essen Germany
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16
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Höing A, Kirupakaran A, Beuck C, Pörschke M, Niemeyer FC, Seiler T, Hartmann L, Bayer P, Schrader T, Knauer SK. Recognition of a Flexible Protein Loop in Taspase 1 by Multivalent Supramolecular Tweezers. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4504-4518. [PMID: 36200481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Many natural proteins contain flexible loops utilizing well-defined complementary surface regions of their interacting partners and usually undergo major structural rearrangements to allow perfect binding. The molecular recognition of such flexible structures is still highly challenging due to the inherent conformational dynamics. Notably, protein-protein interactions are on the other hand characterized by a multivalent display of complementary binding partners to enhance molecular affinity and specificity. Imitating this natural concept, we here report the rational design of advanced multivalent supramolecular tweezers that allow addressing two lysine and arginine clusters on a flexible protein surface loop. The protease Taspase 1, which is involved in cancer development, carries a basic bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS) and thus interacts with Importin α, a prerequisite for proteolytic activation. Newly established synthesis routes enabled us to covalently fuse several tweezer molecules into multivalent NLS ligands. The resulting bi- up to pentavalent constructs were then systematically compared in comprehensive biochemical assays. In this series, the stepwise increase in valency was robustly reflected by the ligands' gradually enhanced potency to disrupt the interaction of Taspase 1 with Importin α, correlated with both higher binding affinity and inhibition of proteolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Höing
- Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Abbna Kirupakaran
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Beuck
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Marius Pörschke
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Felix C Niemeyer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Theresa Seiler
- Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Bayer
- Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Molecular Biology II, Center of Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
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17
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Weil T, Kirupakaran A, Le MH, Rebmann P, Mieres-Perez J, Issmail L, Conzelmann C, Müller JA, Rauch L, Gilg A, Wettstein L, Groß R, Read C, Bergner T, Pålsson SA, Uhlig N, Eberlein V, Wöll H, Klärner FG, Stenger S, Kümmerer BM, Streeck H, Fois G, Frick M, Braubach P, Spetz AL, Grunwald T, Shorter J, Sanchez-Garcia E, Schrader T, Münch J. Advanced Molecular Tweezers with Lipid Anchors against SARS-CoV-2 and Other Respiratory Viruses. JACS AU 2022; 2:2187-2202. [PMID: 36186568 PMCID: PMC9516563 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 presents a global health emergency. Therapeutic options against SARS-CoV-2 are still very limited but urgently required. Molecular tweezers are supramolecular agents that destabilize the envelope of viruses resulting in a loss of viral infectivity. Here, we show that first-generation tweezers, CLR01 and CLR05, disrupt the SARS-CoV-2 envelope and abrogate viral infectivity. To increase the antiviral activity, a series of 34 advanced molecular tweezers were synthesized by insertion of aliphatic or aromatic ester groups on the phosphate moieties of the parent molecule CLR01. A structure-activity relationship study enabled the identification of tweezers with a markedly enhanced ability to destroy lipid bilayers and to suppress SARS-CoV-2 infection. Selected tweezer derivatives retain activity in airway mucus and inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 wildtype and variants of concern as well as respiratory syncytial, influenza, and measles viruses. Moreover, inhibitory activity of advanced tweezers against respiratory syncytial virus and SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed in mice. Thus, potentiated tweezers are broad-spectrum antiviral agents with great prospects for clinical development to combat highly pathogenic viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Weil
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical
Center, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Abbna Kirupakaran
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45117, Germany
| | - My-Hue Le
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45117, Germany
| | - Philipp Rebmann
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45117, Germany
| | - Joel Mieres-Perez
- Computational
Biochemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45117, Germany
| | - Leila Issmail
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig04103, Germany
| | - Carina Conzelmann
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical
Center, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Janis A. Müller
- Institute
of Virology, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg35043, Germany
| | - Lena Rauch
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical
Center, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Andrea Gilg
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical
Center, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Lukas Wettstein
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical
Center, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Groß
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical
Center, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Clarissa Read
- Central
Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm89081, Germany
- Institute
of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Tim Bergner
- Central
Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Sandra Axberg Pålsson
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm10691, Sweden
| | - Nadja Uhlig
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig04103, Germany
| | - Valentina Eberlein
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig04103, Germany
| | - Heike Wöll
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45117, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Stenger
- Institute
for Microbiology and Hygiene, Ulm University
Medical Center, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Beate M. Kümmerer
- Institute
of Virology, Medical Faculty, University
of Bonn, Bonn53127, Germany
- German
Centre for Infection Research (DZIF),
partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn53127, Germany
| | - Hendrik Streeck
- Institute
of Virology, Medical Faculty, University
of Bonn, Bonn53127, Germany
- German
Centre for Infection Research (DZIF),
partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn53127, Germany
| | - Giorgio Fois
- Institute
of General Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Manfred Frick
- Institute
of General Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm89081, Germany
| | - Peter Braubach
- Institute
of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover30625, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Spetz
- Department
of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm10691, Sweden
| | - Thomas Grunwald
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI, Leipzig04103, Germany
| | - James Shorter
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman
School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia19104, United States
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Computational
Biochemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45117, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Faculty
of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen45117, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute
of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical
Center, Ulm89081, Germany
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18
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19
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Yao L, Zhou Z, Wang S, Zou Q, Wang HX, Ma LX, Wang S, Zhang X. Phosphorylation of covalent organic framework nanospheres for inhibition of amyloid-β peptide fibrillation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5902-5912. [PMID: 35685783 PMCID: PMC9132083 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00253a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and exploration of new nanostructural inhibitors against Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated amyloid-β (Aβ) fibrillation have attracted extensive attention and become a new frontier in nanomedicine. However, focusing on finding an effective nanostructure is one of the most challenging parts of the therapeutics task. Herein, nanoscale spherical covalent organic frameworks (COFs) via post-synthetic functionalization with sodium phosphate (SP) groups on the channel networks were found to efficiently inhibit Aβ fibrillation. The as-prepared uniform SP-COF nanospheres with high surface area, good crystallinity, and chemical stability were characterized by multifarious microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulation together with fibrillation kinetics and cytotoxicity assay experiments shows that there were restricted-access adsorption channels in the SP-COFs which were formed by the cavities with size and functional groups accommodated to the Aβ peptide sequence and significantly affected the fibrillation and cytotoxicity of Aβ. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) monitoring, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectra measurements, and confocal imaging observation were performed to understand the inhibition mechanism and influencing factors of the SP-COFs. To our knowledge, our strategy is the first exploration of COF-based anti-amyloidogenic nanomaterials with high affinity and specific targeting, which are crucial for the inhibition of Aβ fibrillation for AD prevention and treatment. Nanoscale spherical COFs via phosphorylation functionalization were found to efficiently inhibit fibrillation of the Alzheimer's disease-associated Aβ peptide.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Linli Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Suxiao Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Qichao Zou
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Hang-Xing Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Li-Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China
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20
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Zhou X, Shi M, Wang X, Xu D. Exploring the Binding Mechanism of a Supramolecular Tweezer CLR01 to 14-3-3σ Protein via Well-Tempered Metadynamics. Front Chem 2022; 10:921695. [PMID: 35646830 PMCID: PMC9133541 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.921695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using supramolecules for protein function regulation is an effective strategy in chemical biology and drug discovery. However, due to the presence of multiple binding sites on protein surfaces, protein function regulation via selective binding of supramolecules is challenging. Recently, the functions of 14-3-3 proteins, which play an important role in regulating intracellular signaling pathways via protein–protein interactions, have been modulated using a supramolecular tweezer, CLR01. However, the binding mechanisms of the tweezer molecule to 14-3-3 proteins are still unclear, which has hindered the development of novel supramolecules targeting the 14-3-3 proteins. Herein, the binding mechanisms of the tweezer to the lysine residues on 14-3-3σ (an isoform in 14-3-3 protein family) were explored by well-tempered metadynamics. The results indicated that the inclusion complex formed between the protein and supramolecule is affected by both kinetic and thermodynamic factors. In particular, simulations confirmed that K214 could form a strong binding complex with the tweezer; the binding free energy was calculated to be −10.5 kcal·mol−1 with an association barrier height of 3.7 kcal·mol−1. In addition, several other lysine residues on 14-3-3σ were identified as being well-recognized by the tweezer, which agrees with experimental results, although only K214/tweezer was co-crystallized. Additionally, the binding mechanisms of the tweezer to all lysine residues were analyzed by exploring the representative conformations during the formation of the inclusion complex. This could be helpful for the development of new inhibitors based on tweezers with more functions against 14-3-3 proteins via modifications of CLR01. We also believe that the proposed computational strategies can be extended to understand the binding mechanism of multi-binding sites proteins with supramolecules and will, thus, be useful toward drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- College of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingsong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Wang, ; Dingguo Xu,
| | - Dingguo Xu
- College of Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Research Center for Material Genome Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Wang, ; Dingguo Xu,
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21
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Jozeliu Naitė A, Javorskis T, Vaitkevičius V, Klimavičius V, Orentas E. Fully Supramolecular Chiral Hydrogen-Bonded Molecular Tweezer. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8231-8241. [PMID: 35500199 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular tweezers are open-ended, cavity-possessing U-shaped molecular architectures with high potential for various applications in supramolecular chemistry. Their covalent synthesis, however, is often tedious and the structures obtained lack structural responsiveness beyond the limited conformational flexibility of the scaffold. Herein we present a proof-of-concept study on the design, synthesis, assembly, and transformations of a novel supramolecular construct─a fully noncovalent molecular tweezer. The supramolecular tweezer was assembled from a set of four building blocks, composed of two identical molecular angle bars and two flat aromatic extension wings, using hydrogen bonding only. The chirality-assisted aggregation process was utilized to ensure scaffold bending directionality using enantiomerically pure bicyclic angle bars. To address the challenges associated with shifting of the equilibrium from strong cooperative narcissistic self-sorting of self-complementary angle bars in cyclic aggregates toward integrative self-sorting in molecular tweezers, a rational desymmetrization strategy was applied. The dynamic supramolecular tweezer has been shown to display rich supramolecular chemistry, allowing for stimuli-responsive change in aggregate topology and solvent-responsive supramolecular polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustina Jozeliu Naitė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tomas Javorskis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytenis Vaitkevičius
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Edvinas Orentas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Vilnius University, Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
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22
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Chen L, Meng Z, Tian L, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Du X, Ma M, Zhang H, Chen J, Meng Q. Complexation of specific residues by carboxylatopillar[6]arene for improving the zymolytic stability of arginine-containing peptides. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2222-2226. [PMID: 35234795 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00017b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
A general strategy for improving the zymolytic stability against proteases is reported. Carboxylatopillar[6]arene (CP6A) could effectively bind arginine and arginine-containing peptides, thereby improving the stability of angiotensin peptides in the presence of trypsin by the complexation of the side chain of the arginine residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Zhao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Long Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Yahan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Xinbei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Mengke Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
| | - Junyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China.
| | - Qingbin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, PR China.
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23
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Krämer J, Kang R, Grimm LM, De Cola L, Picchetti P, Biedermann F. Molecular Probes, Chemosensors, and Nanosensors for Optical Detection of Biorelevant Molecules and Ions in Aqueous Media and Biofluids. Chem Rev 2022; 122:3459-3636. [PMID: 34995461 PMCID: PMC8832467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors used in combination with innovative assay protocols hold great potential for the development of robust, low-cost, and fast-responding sensors that are applicable in biofluids (urine, blood, and saliva). Particularly, the development of sensors for metabolites, neurotransmitters, drugs, and inorganic ions is highly desirable due to a lack of suitable biosensors. In addition, the monitoring and analysis of metabolic and signaling networks in cells and organisms by optical probes and chemosensors is becoming increasingly important in molecular biology and medicine. Thus, new perspectives for personalized diagnostics, theranostics, and biochemical/medical research will be unlocked when standing limitations of artificial binders and receptors are overcome. In this review, we survey synthetic sensing systems that have promising (future) application potential for the detection of small molecules, cations, and anions in aqueous media and biofluids. Special attention was given to sensing systems that provide a readily measurable optical signal through dynamic covalent chemistry, supramolecular host-guest interactions, or nanoparticles featuring plasmonic effects. This review shall also enable the reader to evaluate the current performance of molecular probes, chemosensors, and nanosensors in terms of sensitivity and selectivity with respect to practical requirement, and thereby inspiring new ideas for the development of further advanced systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Krämer
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Rui Kang
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Laura M. Grimm
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Luisa De Cola
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Dipartimento
DISFARM, University of Milano, via Camillo Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department
of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Instituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, IRCCS, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Pierre Picchetti
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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24
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Ershov PV, Mezentsev YV, Ivanov AS. Interfacial Peptides as Affinity Modulating Agents of Protein-Protein Interactions. Biomolecules 2022; 12:106. [PMID: 35053254 PMCID: PMC8773757 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of disease-related protein-protein interactions (PPIs) creates objective conditions for their pharmacological modulation. The contact area (interfaces) of the vast majority of PPIs has some features, such as geometrical and biochemical complementarities, "hot spots", as well as an extremely low mutation rate that give us key knowledge to influence these PPIs. Exogenous regulation of PPIs is aimed at both inhibiting the assembly and/or destabilization of protein complexes. Often, the design of such modulators is associated with some specific problems in targeted delivery, cell penetration and proteolytic stability, as well as selective binding to cellular targets. Recent progress in interfacial peptide design has been achieved in solving all these difficulties and has provided a good efficiency in preclinical models (in vitro and in vivo). The most promising peptide-containing therapeutic formulations are under investigation in clinical trials. In this review, we update the current state-of-the-art in the field of interfacial peptides as potent modulators of a number of disease-related PPIs. Over the past years, the scientific interest has been focused on following clinically significant heterodimeric PPIs MDM2/p53, PD-1/PD-L1, HIF/HIF, NRF2/KEAP1, RbAp48/MTA1, HSP90/CDC37, BIRC5/CRM1, BIRC5/XIAP, YAP/TAZ-TEAD, TWEAK/FN14, Bcl-2/Bax, YY1/AKT, CD40/CD40L and MINT2/APP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V. Ershov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia; (Y.V.M.); (A.S.I.)
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25
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Le MH, Taghuo-Kaptouom E, Schrader T. Molecular Tweezers – a new class of potent broad-spectrum antivirals against enveloped viruses. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:2954-2966. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06737k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new supramolecular approach to broad spectrum antivirals utilizes host guest chemistry between molecular tweezers and lysine/arginine as well as choline. Basic amino acids in amyloid-forming SEVI peptides (semen-derived enhancers...
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26
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Li Y, Dong J, Gong W, Tang X, Liu Y, Cui Y, Liu Y. Artificial Biomolecular Channels: Enantioselective Transmembrane Transport of Amino Acids Mediated by Homochiral Zirconium Metal-Organic Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20939-20951. [PMID: 34851640 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c09992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural transport channels (or carriers), such as aquaporins, are a distinct type of biomacromolecule capable of highly effective transmembrane transport of water or ions. Such behavior is routine for biology but has proved difficult to achieve in synthetic systems. Perhaps most significantly, the enantioselective transmembrane transport of biomolecules is an especially challenging problem both for chemists and for natural systems. Herein, a group of homochiral zirconium metal-organic cages with four triangular opening windows have been proposed as artificial biomolecular channels for enantioselective transmembrane transport of natural amino acids. These structurally well-defined coordination cages are assembled from six synthetically accessible BINOL-derived chiral ligands as spacers and four n-Bu3-Cp3Zr3 clusters as vertices, forming tetrahedral-shaped architectures that feature an intrinsically chiral cavity decorated with an array of specifically positioned binding sites mediated from phenol to phenyl ether to crown ether groups. Fascinatingly, the transformation of single-molecule chirality to global supramolecular chirality within the space-restricted chiral microenvironments accompanies unprecedented chiral amplification, leading to the enantiospecific recognition of amino acids. By virtue of the highly structural stability and excellent biocompatibility, the orientation-independent cages can be molecularly embedded into lipid membranes, biomimetically serving as single-molecular chiral channels for polar-residue amino acids, with the properties that cage-1 featuring hydroxyl groups preferentially transports the l-asparagine, whereas cage-2 attaching crown ether groups spontaneously favor transporting d-arginine. We therefore develop a new type of self-assembled system that can potentially mimic the functions of transmembrane proteins in nature, which is a realistic candidate for further biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingguo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinqiao Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xianhui Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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27
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Warmerdam Z, Kamba BE, Le MH, Schrader T, Isaacs L, Bayer P, Hof F. Binding Methylarginines and Methyllysines as Free Amino Acids: A Comparative Study of Multiple Host Classes*. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100502. [PMID: 34758178 PMCID: PMC9299052 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Methylated free amino acids are an important class of targets for host‐guest chemistry that have recognition properties distinct from those of methylated peptides and proteins. We present comparative binding studies for three different host classes that are each studied with multiple methylated arginines and lysines to determine fundamental structure‐function relationships. The hosts studied are all anionic and include three calixarenes, two acyclic cucurbiturils, and two other cleft‐like hosts, a clip and a tweezer. We determined the binding association constants for a panel of methylated amino acids using indicator displacement assays. The acyclic cucurbiturils display stronger binding to the methylated amino acids, and some unique patterns of selectivity. The two other cleft‐like hosts follow two different trends, shallow host (clip) following similar trends to the calixarenes, and the other more closed host (tweezer) binding certain less‐methylated amino acids stronger than their methylated counterparts. Molecular modelling sheds some light on the different preferences of the various hosts. The results identify hosts with new selectivities and with affinities in a range that could be useful for biomedical applications. The overall selectivity patterns are explained by a common framework that considers the geometry, depth of binding pockets, and functional group participation across all host classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoey Warmerdam
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for, Advanced Materials and Related Technology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, V8W 3V6, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Bianca E Kamba
- Department of Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Universität Duisburg Essen, Universitätstrasse 2, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - My-Hue Le
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Duisburg Essen, Universitätstrasse 7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Duisburg Essen, Universitätstrasse 7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, College Park, USA
| | - Peter Bayer
- Department of Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Universität Duisburg Essen, Universitätstrasse 2, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Fraser Hof
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for, Advanced Materials and Related Technology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, V8W 3V6, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Hua DH, Wiredu B, Thapa M, Hua SY, Desper J. Synthesis of 2,24-Diene-12,13,15,16,34,35,37,38-octaphenyl[4.4]triphenylparacyclophane. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021; 53:3585-3590. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1479-6611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA new octaphenyl[4.4]triphenylparacyclophanediene was readily synthesized in six steps from p-xylene via the installment of bromine atoms, replacement with a vinyl group, carbonylative coupling, intermolecular followed by intramolecular double Grubbs olefin metathesis, Knoevenagel condensation, and Diels–Alder cycloaddition. The belt-shaped structure and trans-stereochemistry of the alkene moieties of the octaphenyl[4.4]triphenylparacyclophane and a synthetic intermediate, 2,21-dioxo-11,30-diene[3.4.3.4]paracyclophane, were determined by X-ray crystallography. The synthetic methodology leading to octaphenyl[4.4]triphenylparacyclophane is applicable for the synthesis of substituted triphenylparacyclophanes and possibly their corresponding bis-hexabenzocoronenylparacyclophanes via a Scholl–Mullen oxidative aryl-aryl coupling reaction.
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29
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Li Z, Siddique I, Hadrović I, Kirupakaran A, Li J, Zhang Y, Klärner FG, Schrader T, Bitan G. Lysine-selective molecular tweezers are cell penetrant and concentrate in lysosomes. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1076. [PMID: 34521989 PMCID: PMC8440717 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02603-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine-selective molecular tweezers are promising drug candidates against proteinopathies, viral infection, and bacterial biofilm. Despite demonstration of their efficacy in multiple cellular and animal models, important questions regarding their mechanism of action, including cell penetrance and intracellular distribution, have not been answered to date. The main impediment to answering these questions has been the low intrinsic fluorescence of the main compound tested to date, called CLR01. Here, we address these questions using new fluorescently labeled molecular tweezers derivatives. We show that these compounds are internalized in neurons and astrocytes, at least partially through dynamin-dependent endocytosis. In addition, we demonstrate that the molecular tweezers concentrate rapidly in acidic compartments, primarily lysosomes. Accumulation of molecular tweezers in lysosomes may occur both through the endosomal-lysosomal pathway and via the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Moreover, by visualizing colocalization of molecular tweezers, lysosomes, and tau aggregates we show that lysosomes likely are the main site for the intracellular anti-amyloid activity of molecular tweezers. These findings have important implications for the mechanism of action of molecular tweezers in vivo, explaining how administration of low doses of the compounds achieves high effective concentrations where they are needed, and supporting the development of these compounds as drugs for currently cureless proteinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizheng Li
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ibrar Siddique
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Inesa Hadrović
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Abbna Kirupakaran
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jiwen Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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30
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Brenner S, Braun B, Read C, Weil T, Walther P, Schrader T, Münch J, von Einem J. The Molecular Tweezer CLR01 Inhibits Antibody-Resistant Cell-to-Cell Spread of Human Cytomegalovirus. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091685. [PMID: 34578265 PMCID: PMC8472163 DOI: 10.3390/v13091685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) uses two major ways for virus dissemination: infection by cell-free virus and direct cell-to-cell spread. Neutralizing antibodies can efficiently inhibit infection by cell-free virus but mostly fail to prevent cell-to-cell transmission. Here, we show that the ‘molecular tweezer’ CLR01, a broad-spectrum antiviral agent, is not only highly active against infection with cell-free virus but most remarkably inhibits antibody-resistant direct cell-to-cell spread of HCMV. The inhibition of cell-to-cell spread by CLR01 was not limited to HCMV but was also shown for the alphaherpesviruses herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1, -2). CLR01 is a rapid acting small molecule that inhibits HCMV entry at the attachment and penetration steps. Electron microscopy of extracellular virus particles indicated damage of the viral envelope by CLR01, which likely impairs the infectivity of virus particles. The rapid inactivation of viral particles by CLR01, the viral envelope as the main target, and the inhibition of virus entry at different stages are presumably the key to inhibition of cell-free virus infection and cell-to-cell spread by CLR01. Importance: While cell-free spread enables the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and other herpesviruses to transmit between hosts, direct cell-to-cell spread is thought to be more relevant for in vivo dissemination within infected tissues. Cell-to-cell spread is resistant to neutralizing antibodies, thus contributing to the maintenance of virus infection and virus dissemination in the presence of an intact immune system. Therefore, it would be therapeutically interesting to target this mode of spread in order to treat severe HCMV infections and to prevent dissemination of virus within the infected host. The molecular tweezer CLR01 exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against a number of enveloped viruses and efficiently blocks antibody-resistant cell-to-cell spread of HCMV, thus representing a novel class of small molecules with promising antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Brenner
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.B.); (B.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Berenike Braun
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.B.); (B.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Clarissa Read
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.B.); (B.B.); (C.R.)
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Tatjana Weil
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (T.W.); (J.M.)
| | - Paul Walther
- Central Facility for Electron Microscopy, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany;
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (T.W.); (J.M.)
- Core Facility Functional Peptidomics, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens von Einem
- Institute of Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (S.B.); (B.B.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)731-500-65104; Fax: +49-(0)731-500-65102
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31
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Yang L, Xie Y, Chen Q, Zhang J, Li L, Sun H. Colorimetric and Fluorescent Dual-Signal Chemosensor for Lysine and Arginine and Its Application to Detect Amines in Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6558-6564. [PMID: 35006897 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lysine (Lys) and arginine (Arg), as two of the most alkaline amino acids among 20 common amino acids, are closely involved in many vital biological processes and biomaterial synthesis. Abnormal levels of Lys and Arg can lead to various diseases. Although a limited number of fluorescent probes for Lys and Arg have been reported, many of them are not sensitive enough due to the moderate fluorescence signal and on-off mode. In addition, none of them were applied for detecting amine groups in solid-phase peptide synthesis. In this study, we designed and synthesized optical fluorescent probe 1 based on the benzoxadiazole fluorophore, which could undergo an accelerated hydrolysis reaction under basic conditions. Probe 1 revealed excellent selectivity toward alkaline Lys and Arg over other common amino acids with both fluorometric and colorimetric readouts. After treatment with Lys and Arg, probe 1 could emit a turn-on fluorescent response at 580 nm with a distinct color change from pink to yellow. The limit of detection for Lys and Arg was calculated to be 1.1 and 1.39 μM, respectively. We also successfully applied probe 1 for the visualization of Arg in living cells. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, probe 1 provided the first fluorescent platform to detect -NH2 groups in solid-phase synthesis of peptides with distinct fluorescent and colorimetric changes. We envision that the probe can provide an alternative method for the traditional Kaiser test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.,Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yusheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Qingxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Lin Li
- Shanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Hongyan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and COSDAF (Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films), City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochip Technology, Biotech and Health Centre, Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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32
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Binding Properties of a Dinuclear Zinc(II) Salen-Type Molecular Tweezer with a Flexible Spacer in the Formation of Lewis Acid-Base Adducts with Diamines. INORGANICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics9060049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we report the binding properties, by combined 1H NMR, optical absorption, and fluorescence studies, of a molecular tweezer composed of two Zn(salen)-type Schiff-base units connected by a flexible spacer, towards a series of ditopic diamines having a strong Lewis basicity, with different chain length and rigidity. Except for the 1,2-diaminoethane, in all other cases the formation of stable 1:1 Lewis acid-base adducts with large binding constants is demonstrated. For α,ω-aliphatic diamines, binding constants progressively increase with the increasing length of the alkyl chain, thanks to the flexible nature of the spacer and the parallel decreased conformational strain upon binding. Stable adducts are also found even for short diamines with rigid molecular structures. Given their preorganized structure, these latter species are not subjected to loss of degrees of freedom. The binding characteristics of the tweezer have been exploited for the colorimetric and fluorometric selective and sensitive detection of piperazine.
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33
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Yao T, Liao Y, Li S, Qiao L, Du K. Bisphosphonated-immobilized porous cellulose monolith with tentacle grafting by atom transfer radical polymerization for selective adsorption of lysozyme. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462337. [PMID: 34157476 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, a m-xylene bisphosphonate immobilized tentacle-type cellulose monolith (BP-PCM) is prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization for lysozyme purification. In the preparation, the m-xylene bisphosphonate was anchored glycidyl methacrylate and then polymerized to enhance the flexibility of the ligands to improve lysozyme adsorption capacity, and glycerol monomethacrylate serves as spacer to further optimize the layers structure and ligands density of the grafted tentacles for satisfactory adsorption capacity. The maximum static and dynamic adsorption capacity (10% breakthrough) of BP-PCM reach to 169.6 and 102.6 mg mL-1, respectively. Moreover, BP-PCM displays weak nonspecific adsorption and is able to successfully enrich lysozyme from diluted chicken egg white, indicating the excellent selectivity. The results demonstrated that BP-PCM is promising for use as high-capacity protein chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural 7 Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 8610106, PR China
| | - Yuxin Liao
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Liangzhi Qiao
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China
| | - Kaifeng Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, PR China.
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34
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Kumar V, Holtum T, Voskuhl J, Giese M, Schrader T, Schlücker S. Prospects of ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy in supramolecular chemistry on proteins. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 254:119622. [PMID: 33743304 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet resonance Raman scattering (UVRR) has been frequently used for studying peptide and protein structure and dynamics, while applications in supramolecular chemistry are quite rare. Since UVRR offers the additional advantages of chromophore selectivity and high sensitivity compared with conventional non-resonant Raman scattering, it is ideally suited for label-free probing of relatively small artificial/supramolecular ligands exhibiting electronic resonances in the UV. In this perspective article, we first summarize results of UVRR spectroscopy in supramolecular chemistry in the context of peptide/protein recognition. We focus on selected artificial ligands which were rationally designed as selective carboxylate binders (guanidiniocarbonyl pyrrole, GCP, and guanidiniocarbonyl indole, GCI) and selective lysine binder (molecular tweezer, CLR01), respectively, via a combination of non-covalent interactions involving electrostatics, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic effects/van der Waals forces. Current limitations of applying UVRR as a universally applicable method for label-free and site-specific probing of molecular recognition between supramolecular ligands and proteins are highlighted. We then propose solutions to overcome these limitations for transforming UVRR spectroscopy into a generic tool in supramolecular chemistry on proteins, with an emphasis on mono- and multivalent GCP- and GCI-based ligands. Finally, we outline specific cases of supramolecular ligands such as molecular tweezers where alternative approaches such as laser-based mid-IR spectroscopy are required since UVRR can intrinsically not provide the required molecular information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Kumar
- Department of Chemistry (Physical Chemistry), Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) and Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Tim Holtum
- Department of Chemistry (Physical Chemistry), Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) and Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Jens Voskuhl
- Department of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry) and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Giese
- Department of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry) and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Department of Chemistry (Organic Chemistry) and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schlücker
- Department of Chemistry (Physical Chemistry), Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) and Center for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.
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35
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Heilmann M, Knezevic M, Piccini G, Tiefenbacher K. Understanding the binding properties of phosphorylated glycoluril-derived molecular tweezers and selective nanomolar binding of natural polyamines in aqueous solution. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3628-3633. [PMID: 33908553 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00379h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A modular synthetic platform for the construction of flexible glycoluril-derived molecular tweezers was developed. The binding properties of four exemplary supramolecular hosts obtained via this approach towards 16 organic amines were investigated by means of 1H NMR titration. In this work, we compare the Ka values obtained this way with those of three structurally related molecular tweezers and provide a computational approach towards an explanation of the observed behavior of those novel hosts. The results showcase that certain structural modifications lead to very potent and selective binders of natural polyamines, with observed binding of spermine below 10 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heilmann
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Melina Knezevic
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - GiovanniMaria Piccini
- ETH Zurich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, c/o USI campus, Via Guiseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Konrad Tiefenbacher
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland. and ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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36
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Chen J, Meng Q, Zhang Y, Dong M, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Chen L, Chai Y, Meng Z, Wang C, Jia X, Li C. Complexation of an Antimicrobial Peptide by Large‐Sized Macrocycles for Decreasing Hemolysis and Improving Stability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Chen
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Qingbin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Yadan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Ming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Yahan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Longming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Yao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Zhao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Chenhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Xueshun Jia
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
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37
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Chen J, Meng Q, Zhang Y, Dong M, Zhao L, Zhang Y, Chen L, Chai Y, Meng Z, Wang C, Jia X, Li C. Complexation of an Antimicrobial Peptide by Large‐Sized Macrocycles for Decreasing Hemolysis and Improving Stability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11288-11293. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Chen
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Qingbin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Yadan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Ming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Yahan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Longming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Yao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Zhao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Chenhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 P. R. China
| | - Xueshun Jia
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
| | - Chunju Li
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 China
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38
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Malishev R, Salinas N, Gibson J, Eden AB, Mieres-Perez J, Ruiz-Blanco YB, Malka O, Kolusheva S, Klärner FG, Schrader T, Sanchez-Garcia E, Wang C, Landau M, Bitan G, Jelinek R. Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm-forming functional amyloid by molecular tweezers. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1310-1320.e5. [PMID: 33852903 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are rigid and largely impenetrable three-dimensional matrices constituting virulence determinants of various pathogenic bacteria. Here, we demonstrate that molecular tweezers, unique supramolecular artificial receptors, modulate biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus. In particular, the tweezers affect the structural and assembly properties of phenol-soluble modulin α1 (PSMα1), a biofilm-scaffolding functional amyloid peptide secreted by S. aureus. The data reveal that CLR01, a diphosphate tweezer, exhibits significant S. aureus biofilm inhibition and disrupts PSMα1 self-assembly and fibrillation, likely through inclusion of lysine side chains of the peptide. In comparison, different peptide binding occurs in the case of CLR05, a tweezer containing methylenecarboxylate units, which exhibits lower affinity for the lysine residues yet disrupts S. aureus biofilm more strongly than CLR01. Our study points to a possible role for molecular tweezers as potent biofilm inhibitors and antibacterial agents, particularly against untreatable biofilm-forming and PSM-producing bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravit Malishev
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Nir Salinas
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - James Gibson
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Angela Bailey Eden
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Joel Mieres-Perez
- Department of Computational Biochemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Yasser B Ruiz-Blanco
- Department of Computational Biochemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Orit Malka
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sofiya Kolusheva
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | | | - Thomas Schrader
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Department of Computational Biochemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Chunyu Wang
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Meytal Landau
- Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gal Bitan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, Brain Research Institute, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Raz Jelinek
- Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel; Ilse Katz Institute for Nanotechnology, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel.
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39
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Meiners A, Bäcker S, Hadrović I, Heid C, Beuck C, Ruiz-Blanco YB, Mieres-Perez J, Pörschke M, Grad JN, Vallet C, Hoffmann D, Bayer P, Sánchez-García E, Schrader T, Knauer SK. Specific inhibition of the Survivin-CRM1 interaction by peptide-modified molecular tweezers. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1505. [PMID: 33686072 PMCID: PMC7940618 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Survivin's dual function as apoptosis inhibitor and regulator of cell proliferation is mediated via its interaction with the export receptor CRM1. This protein-protein interaction represents an attractive target in cancer research and therapy. Here, we report a sophisticated strategy addressing Survivin's nuclear export signal (NES), the binding site of CRM1, with advanced supramolecular tweezers for lysine and arginine. These were covalently connected to small peptides resembling the natural, self-complementary dimer interface which largely overlaps with the NES. Several biochemical methods demonstrated sequence-selective NES recognition and interference with the critical receptor interaction. These data were strongly supported by molecular dynamics simulations and multiscale computational studies. Rational design of lysine tweezers equipped with a peptidic recognition element thus allowed to address a previously unapproachable protein surface area. As an experimental proof-of-principle for specific transport signal interference, this concept should be transferable to any protein epitope with a flanking well-accessible lysine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Meiners
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandra Bäcker
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Inesa Hadrović
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Heid
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Beuck
- Department of Structural and Medicinal Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yasser B Ruiz-Blanco
- Department of Computational Biochemistry, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joel Mieres-Perez
- Department of Computational Biochemistry, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marius Pörschke
- Department of Structural and Medicinal Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jean-Noël Grad
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Cecilia Vallet
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniel Hoffmann
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biophysics, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Bayer
- Department of Structural and Medicinal Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elsa Sánchez-García
- Department of Computational Biochemistry, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Institute of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Shirley K Knauer
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
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40
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Rahman MU, Rehman AU, Arshad T, Chen HF. Disaggregation mechanism of prion amyloid for tweezer inhibitor. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 176:510-519. [PMID: 33607137 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of amyloid has been an important event in the pathology of amyloidogenicity. A number of small molecules have been designed for Amyloidosis treatment. Molecular tweezer CLR01, a potential drug for misfolded β-amyloids inhibition, was reportedly bind directly to Lysine residues and interrupt oligomerization. However, the disaggregation mechanism of amyloid for this inhibitor is unclear. Here we used long timescale of molecular dynamic simulation to reveal the mechanism of disaggregation for pentamer prion amyloid. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation demonstrate that CLR01 is attached with Lysine222 nitrogen by π-cation interaction of its nine aromatic rings and formation of salt bridge/hydrogen bond of one of the two rotatable peripheral anionic phosphate groups. Upon CLR01 binding, we found a major shifting occurs in initial conformation of the oligomer and stretch out the N-terminal chain A from the rest of the amyloid which seems to be the first stage of disaggregated the fibrils slowly yet efficiently. Moreover, the CLR01 remodelled the pentamer Prion220-272 into a compact structure which might be the resistant conformation for further oligomerization. Our work will contribute to better understand the interaction and deterioration mechanism of molecular tweezer for prions and similar amyloids, and offer significant insights into therapeutic development for Amyloidosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mueed Ur Rahman
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ashfaq Ur Rehman
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Taaha Arshad
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hai-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 200235, China.
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41
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Selective Recognition of Amino Acids and Peptides by Small Supramolecular Receptors. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010106. [PMID: 33379401 PMCID: PMC7796322 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To this day, the recognition and high affinity binding of biomolecules in water by synthetic receptors remains challenging, while the necessity for systems for their sensing, transport and modulation persists. This problematic is prevalent for the recognition of peptides, which not only have key roles in many biochemical pathways, as well as having pharmacological and biotechnological applications, but also frequently serve as models for the study of proteins. Taking inspiration in nature and on the interactions that occur between several receptors and peptide sequences, many researchers have developed and applied a variety of different synthetic receptors, as is the case of macrocyclic compounds, molecular imprinted polymers, organometallic cages, among others, to bind amino acids, small peptides and proteins. In this critical review, we present and discuss selected examples of synthetic receptors for amino acids and peptides, with a greater focus on supramolecular receptors, which show great promise for the selective recognition of these biomolecules in physiological conditions. We decided to focus preferentially on small synthetic receptors (leaving out of this review high molecular weight polymeric systems) for which more detailed and accurate molecular level information regarding the main structural and thermodynamic features of the receptor biomolecule assemblies is available.
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Dong J, Davis AP. Molecular Recognition Mediated by Hydrogen Bonding in Aqueous Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:8035-8048. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiao Dong
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Anthony P. Davis
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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43
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Dong J, Davis AP. Molecular Recognition Mediated by Hydrogen Bonding in Aqueous Media. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiao Dong
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - Anthony P. Davis
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS UK
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van der Meer SB, Hadrovic I, Meiners A, Loza K, Heggen M, Knauer SK, Bayer P, Schrader T, Beuck C, Epple M. New Tools to Probe the Protein Surface: Ultrasmall Gold Nanoparticles Carry Amino Acid Binders. J Phys Chem B 2020; 125:115-127. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selina Beatrice van der Meer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Inesa Hadrovic
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Annika Meiners
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Kateryna Loza
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Marc Heggen
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Shirley K. Knauer
- Department of Molecular Biology II, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Bayer
- Department of Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Christine Beuck
- Department of Structural and Medicinal Biochemistry, Centre for Medical Biotechnology (ZMB), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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45
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Aljabal G, Yap BK. 14-3-3σ and Its Modulators in Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13120441. [PMID: 33287252 PMCID: PMC7761676 DOI: 10.3390/ph13120441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
14-3-3σ is an acidic homodimer protein with more than one hundred different protein partners associated with oncogenic signaling and cell cycle regulation. This review aims to highlight the crucial role of 14-3-3σ in controlling tumor growth and apoptosis and provide a detailed discussion on the structure-activity relationship and binding interactions of the most recent 14-3-3σ protein-protein interaction (PPI) modulators reported to date, which has not been reviewed previously. This includes the new fusicoccanes stabilizers (FC-NAc, DP-005), fragment stabilizers (TCF521-123, TCF521-129, AZ-003, AZ-008), phosphate-based inhibitors (IMP, PLP), peptide inhibitors (2a-d), as well as inhibitors from natural sources (85531185, 95911592). Additionally, this review will also include the discussions of the recent efforts by a different group of researchers for understanding the binding mechanisms of existing 14-3-3σ PPI modulators. The strategies and state-of-the-art techniques applied by various group of researchers in the discovery of a different chemical class of 14-3-3σ modulators for cancer are also briefly discussed in this review, which can be used as a guide in the development of new 14-3-3σ modulators in the near future.
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Zhu Z, Wang Y, Ding H, Fan C, Tu Y, Liu G, Pu S. A novel full symmetric diarylethene-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor for lysine and the application for a logic circuit. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 36:691-697. [PMID: 33226717 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A novel diarylethene-based ratiometric fluorescent sensor with full symmetric structure, 1o, was designed and synthesized successfully. 1o could identify lysine (Lys) with high selectivity and sensitivity and the fluorescence emission peak was red shifted 85 nm upon addition of Lys, which could realize ratio recognition. It exhibited excellent anti-interference performance in the presence of various amino acids in CH3 CN/H2 O (7/3, v/v) solution. Moreover, the limit of detection of 1o to Lys could reach 0.019 μM based on a good linear range of 0-40 μM. In addition, the fluorescence emission intensity of 1o could be turned off/on by ultraviolet/visible light due to the special structure of diarylethene. A logic circuit was designed with three inputs. The ratiometric fluorescent sensor 1o could be as a new tool and provide a new method for detection of Lys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifan Zhu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuesong Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haichang Ding
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Congbin Fan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yayi Tu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shouzhi Pu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, China
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47
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Pan Y, Barba‐Bon A, Tian H, Ding F, Hennig A, Nau WM, Guo D. An Amphiphilic Sulfonatocalix[5]arene as an Activator for Membrane Transport of Lysine‐rich Peptides and Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:1875-1882. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Andrea Barba‐Bon
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Han‐Wen Tian
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Fei Ding
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Andreas Hennig
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials and School of Biology/Chemistry Universität Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs) Universität Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Werner M. Nau
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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48
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Pan Y, Barba‐Bon A, Tian H, Ding F, Hennig A, Nau WM, Guo D. An Amphiphilic Sulfonatocalix[5]arene as an Activator for Membrane Transport of Lysine‐rich Peptides and Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Chen Pan
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Andrea Barba‐Bon
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Han‐Wen Tian
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Fei Ding
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Andreas Hennig
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials and School of Biology/Chemistry Universität Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
- Center of Cellular Nanoanalytics (CellNanOs) Universität Osnabrück Osnabrück Germany
| | - Werner M. Nau
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 28759 Bremen Germany
| | - Dong‐Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) National Demonstration Center for Experimental Chemistry Education Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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49
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McAlary L, Chew YL, Lum JS, Geraghty NJ, Yerbury JJ, Cashman NR. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Proteins, Proteostasis, Prions, and Promises. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:581907. [PMID: 33328890 PMCID: PMC7671971 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.581907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the motor neurons that innervate muscle, resulting in gradual paralysis and culminating in the inability to breathe or swallow. This neuronal degeneration occurs in a spatiotemporal manner from a point of onset in the central nervous system (CNS), suggesting that there is a molecule that spreads from cell-to-cell. There is strong evidence that the onset and progression of ALS pathology is a consequence of protein misfolding and aggregation. In line with this, a hallmark pathology of ALS is protein deposition and inclusion formation within motor neurons and surrounding glia of the proteins TAR DNA-binding protein 43, superoxide dismutase-1, or fused in sarcoma. Collectively, the observed protein aggregation, in conjunction with the spatiotemporal spread of symptoms, strongly suggests a prion-like propagation of protein aggregation occurs in ALS. In this review, we discuss the role of protein aggregation in ALS concerning protein homeostasis (proteostasis) mechanisms and prion-like propagation. Furthermore, we examine the experimental models used to investigate these processes, including in vitro assays, cultured cells, invertebrate models, and murine models. Finally, we evaluate the therapeutics that may best prevent the onset or spread of pathology in ALS and discuss what lies on the horizon for treating this currently incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke McAlary
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Yee Lian Chew
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeremy Stephen Lum
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas John Geraghty
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Justin John Yerbury
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Neil R. Cashman
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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50
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Lieblein T, Zangl R, Martin J, Hoffmann J, Hutchison MJ, Stark T, Stirnal E, Schrader T, Schwalbe H, Morgner N. Structural rearrangement of amyloid-β upon inhibitor binding suppresses formation of Alzheimer's disease related oligomers. eLife 2020; 9:59306. [PMID: 33095161 PMCID: PMC7682991 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of oligomers of the amyloid-β peptide plays a key role in the onset of Alzheimer's disease. We describe herein the investigation of disease-relevant small amyloid-β oligomers by mass spectrometry and ion mobility spectrometry, revealing functionally relevant structural attributes. In particular, we can show that amyloid-β oligomers develop in two distinct arrangements leading to either neurotoxic oligomers and fibrils or non-toxic amorphous aggregates. Comprehending the key-attributes responsible for those pathways on a molecular level is a pre-requisite to specifically target the peptide's tertiary structure with the aim to promote the emergence of non-toxic aggregates. Here, we show for two fibril inhibiting ligands, an ionic molecular tweezer and a hydrophobic peptide that despite their different interaction mechanisms, the suppression of the fibril pathway can be deduced from the disappearance of the corresponding structure of the first amyloid-β oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Lieblein
- JW Goethe-University, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rene Zangl
- JW Goethe-University, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Janosch Martin
- JW Goethe-University, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Hoffmann
- JW Goethe-University, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marie J Hutchison
- JW Goethe-University, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tina Stark
- JW Goethe-University, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Elke Stirnal
- JW Goethe-University, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Schrader
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Schwalbe
- JW Goethe-University, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nina Morgner
- JW Goethe-University, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Frankfurt, Germany
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