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Liu J, Liu X, Xin J, Zhang Y, Wen L, Liang Q, Miao Z. Dual Function of the Third Component in Ternary Organic Solar Cells: Broaden the Spectrum and Optimize the Morphology. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308863. [PMID: 38287727 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Ternary organic solar cells (T-OSCs) have attracted significant attention as high-performance devices. In recent years, T-OSCs have achieved remarkable progress with power conversion efficiency (PCE) exceeding 19%. However, the introduction of the third component complicates the intermolecular interaction compared to the binary blend, resulting in poor controllability of active layer and limiting performance improvement. To address these issues, dual-functional third components have been developed that not only broaden the spectral range but also optimize morphology. In this review, the effect of the third component on expanding the absorption range of T-OSCs is first discussed. Second, the extra functions of the third component are introduced, including adjusting the crystallinity and molecular stack in active layer, regulating phase separation and purity, altering molecular orientation of the donor or acceptor. Finally, a summary of the current research progress is provided, followed by a discussion of future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Liu
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Xingpeng Liu
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Jingming Xin
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Liangquan Wen
- School of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Qiuju Liang
- School of Microelectronics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China
| | - Zongcheng Miao
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Optics and Electronics (iOPEN), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
- School of Electronic Information, Xijing University, Xi'an, 710123, China
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2
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Song J, Zhang C, Li C, Qiao J, Yu J, Gao J, Wang X, Hao X, Tang Z, Lu G, Yang R, Yan H, Sun Y. Non-halogenated Solvent-Processed Organic Solar Cells with Approaching 20 % Efficiency and Improved Photostability. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404297. [PMID: 38526996 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The development of high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs) processed from non-halogenated solvents is crucially important for their scale-up industry production. However, owing to the difficulty of regulating molecular aggregation, there is a huge efficiency gap between non-halogenated and halogenated solvent processed OSCs. Herein, we fabricate o-xylene processed OSCs with approaching 20 % efficiency by incorporating a trimeric guest acceptor named Tri-V into the PM6:L8-BO-X host blend. The incorporation of Tri-V effectively restricts the excessive aggregation of L8-BO-X, regulates the molecular packing and optimizes the phase-separation morphology, which leads to mitigated trap density states, reduced energy loss and suppressed charge recombination. Consequently, the PM6:L8-BO-X:Tri-V-based device achieves an efficiency of 19.82 %, representing the highest efficiency for non-halogenated solvent-processed OSCs reported to date. Noticeably, with the addition of Tri-V, the ternary device shows an improved photostability than binary PM6:L8-BO-X-based device, and maintains 80 % of the initial efficiency after continuous illumination for 1380 h. This work provides a feasible approach for fabricating high-efficiency, stable, eco-friendly OSCs, and sheds new light on the large-scale industrial production of OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Song
- International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Qiao
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jifa Yu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xunchang Wang
- X. Wang, R. Yang, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotao Hao
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Guanghao Lu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Renqiang Yang
- X. Wang, R. Yang, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education), School of Optoelectronic Materials & Technology, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, P. R. China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yanming Sun
- International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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3
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Kong T, Yang G, Fan P, Yu J. Solution-Processable NiO x:PMMA Hole Transport Layer for Efficient and Stable Inverted Organic Solar Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081875. [PMID: 37112022 PMCID: PMC10144863 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For organic solar cells (OSCs), nickel oxide (NiOx) is a potential candidate as the hole transport layer (HTL) material. However, due to the interfacial wettability mismatch, developing solution-based fabrication methods of the NiOx HTL is challenging for OSCs with inverted device structures. In this work, by using N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to dissolve poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), the polymer is successfully incorporated into the NiOx nanoparticle (NP) dispersions to modify the solution-processable HTL of the inverted OSCs. Benefiting from the improvements of electrical and surface properties, the inverted PM6:Y6 OSCs based on the PMMA-doped NiOx NP HTL achieves an enhanced power conversion efficiency of 15.11% as well as improved performance stability in ambient conditions. The results demonstrated a viable approach to realize efficient and stable inverted OSCs by tuning the solution-processable HTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Genjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Pu Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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4
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Wang R, Xia D, Jiang X, Zhao C, Zhou S, Fang H, Wang J, Tang Z, Xiao C, Li W. N-Annulated Perylene Bisimide-Based Double-Cable Polymers with Open-Circuit Voltage Approaching 1.20 V in Single-Component Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:47952-47960. [PMID: 36222398 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have introduced single/double-sided N-annulated perylene bisimide (PBI) with deep energy levels into double-cable polymers with poly[1-(5-(4,8-bis(4-chloro-5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)-6-methylbenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-5,7-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3-(5-methylthiophen-2-yl)-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-c:4,5-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione] (PBDB-T-Cl) as a donor backbone, marking as s-PPNR and as-PPNR, according to the molecular symmetry. Both double-cable polymers displayed a high open-circuit voltage approaching 1.20 V in light of high energy level discrepancy between electron-donating and electron-withdrawing parts, which is the highest open-circuit voltage among double-cable-based single-component organic solar cell (SCOSC) devices. Additionally, the asymmetric polymer displayed improved absorption spectra, thereby promoting crystallization and phase separation. Consequently, the as-PPNR-based SCOSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency of 5.05% along with a higher short-circuit current density and fill factor than their s-PPNR-based counterparts. In this work, we have successfully incorporated N-annulated PBI into double-cable polymers and revealed the important effects on structural symmetry and phase separation of double-cable polymers for higher SCOSC performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Xia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, P. R. China
| | - Xudong Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, P. R. China
| | - Chaowei Zhao
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, P. R. China
| | - Shengxi Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Haisheng Fang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Xiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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5
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Zuo L, Jo SB, Li Y, Meng Y, Stoddard RJ, Liu Y, Lin F, Shi X, Liu F, Hillhouse HW, Ginger DS, Chen H, Jen AKY. Dilution effect for highly efficient multiple-component organic solar cells. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 17:53-60. [PMID: 34873302 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-01011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the multiple-component (MC) blend strategy has been frequently used as a very effective way to improve the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs), there is a strong need to understand the fundamental working mechanism and material selection rule for achieving optimal MC-OSCs. Here we present the 'dilution effect' as the mechanism for MC-OSCs, where two highly miscible components are molecularly intermixed. Contrary to the aggregation-induced non-radiative decay, the dilution effect enables higher luminescence quantum efficiencies and open-circuit voltages (VOC) in MC-OSCs via suppressed electron-vibration coupling. The continuously broadened bandgap together with reduced electron-vibration coupling also explains the composition-dependent VOC in ternary blends well. Moreover, we show that electrons can transfer between different acceptors, depending on the energy offset between them, which contributes to the largely unperturbed charge transport and high fill factors in MC-OSCs. The discovery of the dilution effect enables the demonstration of a high power conversion efficiency of 18.31% in an MC-OSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijian Zuo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang University-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sae Byeok Jo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaokai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuhuan Meng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ryan J Stoddard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Francis Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xueliang Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hugh W Hillhouse
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Molecular Engineering and Sciences Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David S Ginger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
- Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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6
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Keshtov ML, Kuklin SA, Konstantinov IO, Zou Y, Sharma GD. New benzodithiophene-pyrrolopyrroledione-thienopyrazine random terpolymers for organic photovoltaics. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Li C, Li W, Sun X, Wang J, Tao J, Zou Z, Liao G, Zou X, Ni J, Zhang J. Nanoscale Phase Separation in Ternary Organic Solar Cells Based on PTB7:PC 70BM:IC 70BA. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:5749-5755. [PMID: 33980389 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As a fullerene derivative, IC70BA is widely used in the ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) to increase the open circuit voltage (Voc) of the devices. Unfortunately, most of the literature shows that IC70BA will lead to a reduction in the short-circuit current density (Jsc) and fill factor (FF). In this work, IC70BA is added to the PTB7:PC70BM binary system to form the ternary system, which is composed of one donor and two fullerene acceptors. Surprisingly, the addition of IC70BA does not immediately lead to a decrease in Jsc and FF. In fact, the appropriate weight ratio of IC70BA in fullerenes can simultaneously increase the Voc, Jsc, and FF of the TOSCs. The synergistic optimization of the surface and bulk morphology of the ternary active layer suppresses the attenuation of Jsc and FF. The smooth surface and suitable phase separation size effectively guarantee the separation, transport and extraction of the charge. Moreover, the addition of IC70BA can significantly improve the hole transport capacity of the active layer, and the optimal hole mobility is 5.13 - 10"4 cm²V-1S-1. Finally, the TOSCs with 10% weight ratio of IC70BA gives the optimal PCE of 9.24% and ideality factor of 2.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Frees pace Optical Communications, College of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Frees pace Optical Communications, College of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Frees pace Optical Communications, College of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Frees pace Optical Communications, College of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayou Tao
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Frees pace Optical Communications, College of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Frees pace Optical Communications, College of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaohua Liao
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province on Information Photonics and Frees pace Optical Communications, College of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinchang Zou
- Yueyang DALU Laser Technology Co. Ltd., Yueyang 414000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ni
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nan kai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nan kai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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8
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Wang J, Peng R, Gao J, Li D, Xie L, Song W, Zhang X, Fu Y, Ge Z. Ti 3C 2T x/PEDOT:PSS Composite Interface Enables over 17% Efficiency Non-fullerene Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45789-45797. [PMID: 34523906 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal carbide Ti3C2Tx as a new two-dimensional material with excellent metallic conductivity, good water solubility, and superior transmittance in the visible light range shows great potential for applications in optoelectronic devices. Herein, Ti3C2Tx/PEDOT:PSS composite films were fabricated by a simple solution process and employed as an anode interfacial layer in organic solar cells. By introducing the Ti3C2Tx/PEDOT:PSS composite interface into the devices, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.26% was achieved while using PM6:Y6 as the active layer, with a high short-circuit current (Jsc) of 26.52 mA/cm2 and a fill factor of up to 0.76. The PCE is much higher than 15.89% for the pure PEDOT:PSS interfacial layer-based device without doping. The dramatically improved performance was attributed to the increased conductivity of the Ti3C2Tx/PEDOT:PSS composite interface and the increased charge extraction and collection efficiency of the devices. This work presents an effective method to prepare the Ti3C2Tx/PEDOT:PSS composite interface and high-performance organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruixiang Peng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jing Gao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xie
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Yaqin Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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9
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Babu NS, Vuai SAH. Theoretical studies of optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of D-A polymer monomers by Density Functional Theory (DFT). Des Monomers Polym 2021; 24:224-237. [PMID: 34366700 PMCID: PMC8317939 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1956209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research article, the new donor–acceptor (D–A) monomers developed using 4-methoxy-9-methyl-9 H-carbazole (MMCB) as electron donors and various electron acceptors. DFT and TD-DFT methods at the level of B3LYP with a 6–311 G basis set in a gas and chloroform solvent were used to calculate electronic and optoelectronic properties. To dissect the relationship between the molecular and optoelectronic structures, the impacts of specific acceptors on the geometry of molecules and optoelectronic properties of these D–A monomers were discussed. The calculations are also carried out on HOMO–LUMO, atomic orbital densities. The calculated band gap Eg of the monomers considered increases 3,6-MMCB-OCP ≈ 3,6-MMCB-BCO < 3,6-MMCB-SDP < 3,6-MMCB-SCP < 3,6-MMCB-TCP < 3,6-MMCB-TDP < 3,6-MMCB-BCS < 3,6-MMCB-BCT in both in the gas and solvent phases. Subsequently, the optoelectrical properties of EHOMO, ELUMO, Eopt, and EB energies were critically updated. Compared to different monomers, the far lower Eg of the 3,6-MMCB-OCP and 3,6-CB-BCO has shown optoelectronic applications in organic solar cells like BHJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Numbury Surendra Babu
- Computational Quantum Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, the University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Said A H Vuai
- Computational Quantum Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, the University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
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10
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Kong T, Wang R, Zheng D, Yu J. Modification of the SnO 2 Electron Transporting Layer by Using Perylene Diimide Derivative for Efficient Organic Solar Cells. Front Chem 2021; 9:703561. [PMID: 34249871 PMCID: PMC8267467 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.703561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted considerable attention as the electron transporting layer (ETL) for organic solar cells (OSCs) due to their superior electrical properties, excellent chemical stability, and compatibility with low-temperature solution fabrication. However, the rough surface of SnO2 NPs may generate numerous defects, which limits the performance of the OSCs. In this study, we introduce a perylene diimide derivative (PDINO) that could passivate the defects between SnO2 NP ETL and the active layer. Compared with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the pristine SnO2 ETL–based OSCs (12.7%), the PDINO-modified device delivers a significantly increased PCE of 14.9%. Overall, this novel composite ETL exhibits lowered work function, improved electron mobility, and reduced surface defects, thus increasing charge collection efficiency and restraining defect-caused molecular recombination in the OSC. Overall, this work demonstrates a strategy of utilizing the organic–inorganic hybrid ETL that has the potential to overcome the drawbacks of SnO2 NPs, thereby developing efficient and stable OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China
| | - Ding Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China
| | - Junsheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, China
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11
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Lee JW, Ma BS, Kim HJ, Kim TS, Kim BJ. High-Molecular-Weight Electroactive Polymer Additives for Simultaneous Enhancement of Photovoltaic Efficiency and Mechanical Robustness in High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells. JACS AU 2021; 1:612-622. [PMID: 34467323 PMCID: PMC8395705 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of small-molecule acceptors (SMAs) has significantly enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer solar cells (PSCs); however, the inferior mechanical properties of SMA-based PSCs often limit their long-term stability and application in wearable power generators. Herein, we demonstrate a simple and effective strategy for enhancing the mechanical robustness and PCE of PSCs by incorporating a high-molecular-weight (MW) polymer acceptor (P A, P(NDI2OD-T2)). The addition of 10-20 wt % P A leads to a more than 4-fold increase in the mechanical ductility of the SMA-based PSCs in terms of the crack onset strain (COS). At the same time, the incorporation of P A into the active layer improves the charge transport and recombination properties, increasing the PCE of the PSC from 14.6 to 15.4%. The added P As act as tie molecules, providing mechanical and electrical bridges between adjacent domains of SMAs. Thus, for the first time, we produce highly efficient and mechanically robust PSCs with a 15% PCE and 10% COS at the same time, thereby demonstrating their great potential as stretchable or wearable power generators. To understand the origin of the dual enhancements realized by P A, we investigate the influence of the P A content on electrical, structural, and morphological properties of the PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Boo Soo Ma
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Jun Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Soo Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- . (T.-S.K.)
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- . (B.J.K.)
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12
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Xie L, Zhang J, Song W, Hong L, Ge J, Wen P, Tang B, Wu T, Zhang X, Li Y, Ge Z. Understanding the Effect of Sequential Deposition Processing for High-Efficient Organic Photovoltaics to Harvest Sunlight and Artificial Light. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:20405-20416. [PMID: 33878270 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c02137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As the market of the Internet of Things (IoT) increases, great attention has been paid to the development of high-efficient organic photovoltaics (OPVs) utilizing artificial light. However, in a real indoor condition, the power density contribution of the artificial light cannot exceed 35% in the combination of indoor and outdoor irradiation, which indicates that the illumination of sunlight cannot be ignored during daytime. Hence, it is urgent to develop high-efficient OPVs in indoor conditions taking into account both sunlight and artificial light. In this work, a novel asymmetric molecule TB-4F was synthesized to trade-off the absorption spectrum that can be applied under both artificial light and sunlight. In conventional bulk-heterojunction (C-BHJ), it was figured out that due to nonoptimal morphology some carriers failed to be efficiently collected. Herein, a sequential deposition bulk-heterojunction (SD-BHJ) as an alternative fabrication method successfully enhanced the performance of OPVs, under both artificial light and sunlight, which was attributed to the favorable microstructure being vertically distributed in the active layer. Notably, the PCE was significantly increased by 25% for SD-BHJ compared to C-BHJ under artificial light, owing to the strong effect of trap-assisted recombination and dark current on PCE in the condition of low carrier density. Our result indicates that an asymmetric molecule with a blue-shifted spectrum fabricated by SD-BHJ can be a promising candidate that can be applied in indoor environments to harvest sunlight and artificial light simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xie
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jingshen Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ling Hong
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Pan Wen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
| | - Bencan Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yafeng Li
- Zhejiang Business Technology Institute, Ningbo 315012, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, P. R. China
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13
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Cai P, Huang X, Zhan T, Chen G, Qiu R, Zhang L, Xue X, Wang Z, Chen J. Cross-Linkable and Alcohol-Soluble Pyridine-Incorporated Polyfluorene Derivative as a Cathode Interface Layer for High-Efficiency and Stable Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:12296-12304. [PMID: 33682400 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Device performance and commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs) are strongly influenced by the characteristics of the interface layers. Cross-linked polymer interface layers with solvent-resistant properties are very compatible with large-area solution-processing methods of OSCs and may be beneficial to the environmental stability of OSCs due to the viscoelastic and cross-linked characteristics of the cross-linked polymer. In this work, a novel cross-linkable and alcohol-soluble pyridine-incorporated polyfluorene derivative, denoted as PFOPy, is synthesized and used as a cathode interface layer (CIL) in OSCs. For PFOPy, the pendant epoxy group can be effectively cross linked through cationic polymerization under thermal treatment and the pendant pyridine group can offer good alcohol solubility. Optical absorption tests of PFOPy films before/after washing by chloroform demonstrate the excellent solvent-resistance property for the cross-linked PFOPy film. Compared with the typical ZnO CIL, the cross-linked PFOPy CIL can also substantially reduce ITO's work function and form a better interface contact with the active layer. Utilizing an inverted device structure and a typical active layer of PM6:Y6, ZnO-based OSCs display an optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.83% while PFOPy-based OSCs exhibit superior photovoltaic performance with an optimal PCE of 16.20%. Moreover, ZnO-based and PFOPy-based OSCs separately maintain 89% and 90% of the corresponding initial PCE after 12 h of illumination, indicating similarly excellent photostability. More importantly, after 26 complete thermal cycles, ZnO-based OSCs only maintain 81% of the initial PCE while PFOPy-based OSCs retain 92% of the initial PCE and exhibit obviously better thermal cycling stability, indicating that the cross-linked PFOPy CIL should offer stronger interface robustness against thermal cycling stress due to the viscoelastic and cross-linked characteristics of PFOPy. The impressive results indicate that the cross-linked PFOPy CIL would be a very promising CIL in OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Guiting Chen
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, P. R. China
| | - Rihang Qiu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lianjie Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering & Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Junwu Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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14
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Schmitt A, Samal S, Thompson BC. Tuning the surface energies in a family of poly-3-alkylthiophenes bearing hydrophilic side-chains synthesized via direct arylation polymerization (DArP). Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00195g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A family of Poly(3-alkylthiophene) copolymers bearing different functional groups was synthesized via direct arylation polymerization and the functional group impact on surface energy, crystallinity, and electronic properties was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Sanket Samal
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Barry C. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles
- USA
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15
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Wang K, Dong S, Chen X, Zhou P, Zhang K, Huang J, Wang M. Improving the all-polymer solar cell performance by adding a narrow bandgap polymer as the second donor. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38344-38350. [PMID: 35517516 PMCID: PMC9057259 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ternary all-polymer solar cells are fabricated using an N2200 acceptor and two donor polymers (PF2 and PM2) with complementary absorption. The major donor PF2 is a relatively wide bandgap polymer that contributes the most photon absorption in the UV-vis region while the second donor PM2 improves the light harvesting due to its strong absorption in the near-IR region. By carefully tuning the ratio of two donor polymers, the best ratio of 9 : 1 : 5 (PF2 : PM2 : N2200) is achieved and shows a PCE of 6.90%, which is better than two binary devices. This work demonstrates an effective strategy of utilizing a narrow bandgap donor polymer as the second donor to improve the performance of all-polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Sheng Dong
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Shanghai International College of Design & Innovation, Tongji University Shanghai 200080 China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Shanghai International College of Design & Innovation, Tongji University Shanghai 200080 China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials & Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jun Huang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
| | - Ming Wang
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University Shanghai 201620 China
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16
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Ashokan A, Wang T, Coropceanu V, Brédas J. Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: Insight into Ternary Blends from a Characterization of the Intermolecular Packing and Electronic Properties in the Corresponding Binary Blends. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajith Ashokan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE)Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
| | - Tonghui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE)Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721‐0088 USA
| | - Veaceslav Coropceanu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE)Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721‐0088 USA
| | - Jean‐Luc Brédas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry & Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics (COPE)Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryThe University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721‐0088 USA
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17
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Wang H, Zhang Z, Yu J, Lin PC, Chueh CC, Liu X, Guang S, Qu S, Tang W. Over 15% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells by Enhanced Charge Transport and Reduced Energy Loss. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:21633-21640. [PMID: 32314906 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an efficient ternary bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cell (OSC) is demonstrated by incorporating two acceptors, PC61BM and ITC6-4F, with a polymer donor (PM6). This reveals that the addition of PC61BM not only enhances the electron mobility of the derived BHJ blend but also facilitates exciton dissociation, resulting in a more balanced charge transport alongside with reduced trap-assisted charge recombination. Consequently, as compared to the pristine PM6/ITC6-4F device, the optimal ternary OSC is revealed to deliver an improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.11% with a boosted JSC, VOC, and fill factor (FF) simultaneously. The resultant VOC and FF are among the highest values recorded in the literature for the ternary OSCs with a PCE exceeding 15%. This result thus suggests that besides improving the charge transport characteristics in devices, incorporating a fullerene derivative as part of the acceptor can also improve the resultant VOC, which can reduce the energy loss to realize efficient organic photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Zhuohan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Jiangsheng Yu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Solid Laser, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Po-Chen Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chen Chueh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Solid Laser, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Shun Guang
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Shenya Qu
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, P. R. China
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18
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Song J, Li C, Zhu L, Guo J, Xu J, Zhang X, Weng K, Zhang K, Min J, Hao X, Zhang Y, Liu F, Sun Y. Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Efficiency >16.5% Based on Two Compatible Nonfullerene Acceptors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1905645. [PMID: 31736170 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A ternary structure has been demonstrated as being an effective strategy to realize high power conversion efficiency (PCE) in organic solar cells (OSCs); however, general materials selection rules still remain incompletely understood. In this work, two nonfullerene small-molecule acceptors 3TP3T-4F and 3TP3T-IC are synthesized and incorporated as a third component in PM6:Y6 binary blends. The photovoltaic behaviors in the resultant ternary OSCs differ significantly, despite the comparable energy levels. It is found that incorporation of 15% 3TP3T-4F into the PM6:Y6 blend results in facilitating exciton dissociation, increasing charge transport, and reducing trap-assisted recombination. All these features are responsible for the enlarged PCE of 16.7% (certified as 16.2%) in the PM6:Y6:3TP3T-4F ternary OSCs, higher than that (15.6%) in the 3TP3T-IC containing ternary devices. The performance differences are mainly ascribed to the compatibility between the third component and the host materials. The 3TP3T-4F guest acceptor exhibits an excellent compatibility with Y6, tending to form well-mixed phases in the ternary blend without disrupting the favored bicontinuous transport networks, whereas 3TP3T-IC displays a morphological incompatibility with Y6. This work highlights the importance of considering the compatibility for materials selection toward high-efficiency ternary organic OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Song
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Jinqiu Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xuning Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Kangkang Weng
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Kangning Zhang
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jie Min
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotao Hao
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yanming Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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19
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Peng R, Wan Z, Song W, Yan T, Qiao Q, Yang S, Ge Z, Wang M. Improving Performance of Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells over 13% by Employing Silver Nanowires-Doped PEDOT:PSS Composite Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:42447-42454. [PMID: 31625386 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ag nanowires (NWs)/PEDOT:PSS composite was prepared by a facile solution-processing method and employed as anode interface in nonfullerene organic solar cells (OSCs). In the presence of a Ag NWs (5%, v/v%)/PEDOT:PSS interfacial layer, a high-power conversion efficiency up to 13.53% was achieved based on a PBDB-T-2Cl:IT-4F photoactive layer system, much higher than the efficiency of the controlled counterpart device with pristine PEDOT:PSS as anode modifier. Simultaneous enhancements in short-circuit current and fill factor were observed, in comparison to the case of the pristine PEDOT:PSS interface, due to the improved electrical conductivity of Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS composites accompanied by the increased work function for a better matching with the indium tin oxide counter electrode, which facilitated increased charge transfer and reduced charge recombination at the anode/photoactive interface for improved device performance. The results clearly revealed that the Ag NWs/PEDOT:PSS composite interface is beneficial to improve the charge extraction and favor the realization of highly efficient nonfullerene OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Peng
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031 , P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , P. R. China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Wan
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031 , P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P. R. China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P. R. China
| | - Qiquan Qiao
- Center for Advanced Photovoltaics and Sustainable Energy, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences , South Dakota State University , Brookings , South Dakota 57007 , United States
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Ningbo 315201 , P. R. China
| | - Mingtai Wang
- Institute of Applied Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Hefei 230031 , P. R. China
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20
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Yan T, Song W, Huang J, Peng R, Huang L, Ge Z. 16.67% Rigid and 14.06% Flexible Organic Solar Cells Enabled by Ternary Heterojunction Strategy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1902210. [PMID: 31411359 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ternary heterojunction strategies appear to be an efficient approach to improve the efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) through harvesting more sunlight. Ternary OSCs are fabricated by employing wide bandgap polymer donor (PM6), narrow bandgap nonfullerene acceptor (Y6), and PC71 BM as the third component to tune the light absorption and morphologies of the blend films. A record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.67% (certified as 16.0%) on rigid substrate is achieved in an optimized PM6:Y6:PC71 BM blend ratio of 1:1:0.2. The introduction of PC71 BM endows the blend with enhanced absorption in the range of 300-500 nm and optimises interpenetrating morphologies to promote photogenerated charge dissociation and extraction. More importantly, a PCE of 14.06% for flexible ITO-free ternary OSCs is obtained based on this ternary heterojunction system, which is the highest PCE reported for flexible state-of-the-art OSCs. A very promising ternary heterojunction strategy to develop highly efficient rigid and flexible OSCs is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yan
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ruixiang Peng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Like Huang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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21
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Xue C, Zhang T, Ma K, Wan P, Hong L, Xu B, An C. A Carbonylated Terthiophene–Based Twisted Polymer for Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900246. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changguo Xue
- School of Material Science and EngineeringAnhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001 China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Material Science and EngineeringAnhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001 China
| | - Kangqiao Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Pan Wan
- School of Material Science and EngineeringAnhui University of Science and Technology Huainan 232001 China
| | - Ling Hong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Bowei Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Cunbin An
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesState Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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22
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Öztürk Kiraz A, Çelik Ö, Değirmenci M. Structural and electronic properties of a Benzoin monomer. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1591160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ömer Çelik
- Department of Physics Education, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
- Science & Technology Application Research Center Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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23
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Li X, Du X, Lin H, Kong X, Li L, Zhou L, Zheng C, Tao S. Ternary System with Intermolecular Hydrogen Bond: Efficient Strategy to High-Performance Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:15598-15606. [PMID: 30957482 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To boost organic solar cell (OSC) performance, numerous approaches have been developed, such as synthesizing new materials, using post-annealing (thermal or solvent annealing) or fabricating ternary devices. The ternary strategy is usually used as an uncomplicated and effective way, but how to choose the third component and the effect of interactions between materials on OSC performance still need to be clarified. Herein, we proposed a new finding that the carbonyl group of 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b'] dithiophene (ITIC) end groups can react with the dye molecule SR197 to form the N-H···O noncovalent interaction. The existence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectra and two-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) was improved to 10.29% via doping SR197 into blends of PTB7-Th:ITIC, which exhibited a huge enhancement of approximately 30% compared with the binary OSCs (PCE = 7.92%). The ternary OSCs of PBDB-T:SR197:ITIC could also achieve high PCE (11.03%) without post-thermal or solvent annealing. Transmission electron microscopy and grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering showed the optimized morphology and enhanced crystallinity of ternary systems, which is facilitated to exciton dissociation and charge transmission. These conclusions mean that the H-bonding strategy is an effective way for selecting the third component and could achieve high-performance OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Du
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao Kong
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Li
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Caijun Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Silu Tao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
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24
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Lee J, Lee SM, Chen S, Kumari T, Kang SH, Cho Y, Yang C. Organic Photovoltaics with Multiple Donor-Acceptor Pairs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804762. [PMID: 30444544 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Compared with conventional organic solar cells (OSCs) based on single donor-acceptor pairs, terpolymer- and ternary-based OSCs featuring multiple donor-acceptor pairs are promising strategies for enhancing the performance while maintaining an easy and simple synthetic process. Using multiple donor-acceptor pairs in the active layer, the key photovoltaic parameters (i.e., short-circuit current density, open-circuit voltage, and fill factor) governing the OSC characteristics can be simultaneously or individually improved by positive changes in light-harvesting ability, molecular energy levels, and blend morphology. Here, these three major contributions are discussed with the aim of offering in-depth insights in combined terpolymers and ternary systems. Recent exemplary cases of OSCs with multiple donor-acceptor pairs are summarized and more advanced research and perspectives for further developments in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungho Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Sang Myeon Lee
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Tanya Kumari
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - So-Huei Kang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Yongjoon Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Perovtronics Research Center, Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
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25
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Dayneko SV, Hendsbee AD, Cann JR, Cabanetos C, Welch GC. Ternary organic solar cells: using molecular donor or acceptor third components to increase open circuit voltage. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01574d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of donor or acceptor type molecular semiconductors to PBDB-T:PC60BM based organic photovoltaics leads to increases in open circuit-voltages and overall power conversion efficiencies.
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26
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An Q, Zhang J, Gao W, Qi F, Zhang M, Ma X, Yang C, Huo L, Zhang F. Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells with Two Compatible Non-Fullerene Materials as One Alloyed Acceptor. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1802983. [PMID: 30303607 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201802983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficient ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) are fabricated by employing a polymer PBT1-C as the donor and two non-fullerene materials, MeIC and MeIC2, as one alloyed acceptor. The optimized ternary OSCs with 30 wt% MeIC2 in acceptors achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.55%, which is much higher than that of 11.47% for MeIC-based binary OSCs and 11.41% for MeIC2-based binary OSCs. The >9.4% improvement in PCE is mainly attributed to the optimized photon harvesting and morphology of ternary active layers, resulting in the simultaneously improved short-circuit current and fill factor. Furthermore, good compatibility and similar lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of MeIC and MeIC2 are beneficial to form one alloyed acceptor for efficient electron transport in the ternary active layers. This work may provide new insight when selecting the third component for preparing efficient ternary OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoshi An
- School of Electrical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Material Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Materials, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, 1 Jinji Road, 541004, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, 40072, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Heeger Beijing Research and Development Center, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Ma
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044, Beijing, China
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, 40072, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Huo
- Heeger Beijing Research and Development Center, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Fujun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044, Beijing, China
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27
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Makha M, Schwaller P, Strassel K, Anantharaman SB, Nüesch F, Hany R, Heier J. Insights into photovoltaic properties of ternary organic solar cells from phase diagrams. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2018; 19:669-682. [PMID: 30275915 PMCID: PMC6161617 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2018.1509275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of ternary organic solar cells relies on the spontaneous establishment of a nanostructured network of donor and acceptor phases during film formation. A fundamental understanding of phase composition and arrangement and correlations to photovoltaic device parameters is of utmost relevance for both science and technology. We demonstrate a general approach to understanding solar cell behavior from simple thermodynamic principles. For two ternary blend systems we construct and model phase diagrams. Details of EQE and solar cell parameters can be understood from the phase behavior. Our blend system is composed of PC70BM, PBDTTT-C and a near-infrared absorbing cyanine dye. Cyanine dyes are accompanied by counterions, which, in a first approximation, do not change the photophysical properties of the dye, but strongly influence the morphology of the ternary blend. We argue that counterion dissociation is responsible for different mixing behavior. For the dye with a hexafluorophosphate counterion a hierarchical morphology develops, the dye phase separates on a large scale from PC70BM and cannot contribute to photocurrent. Differently, a cyanine dye with a TRISPHAT counterion shows partial miscibility with PC70BM. A large two-phase region dictated by the PC70BM: PBDTTT-C mixture is present and the dye greatly contributes to the short-circuit current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Makha
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Schwaller
- Institut des Matériaux, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karen Strassel
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Surendra B. Anantharaman
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institut des Matériaux, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frank Nüesch
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institut des Matériaux, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roland Hany
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Heier
- Laboratory for Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Institute for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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28
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Xie Y, Yang F, Li Y, Uddin MA, Bi P, Fan B, Cai Y, Hao X, Woo HY, Li W, Liu F, Sun Y. Morphology Control Enables Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1803045. [PMID: 30091250 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201803045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ternary organic solar cells are promising alternatives to the binary counterpart due to their potential in achieving high performance. Although a growing number of ternary organic solar cells are recently reported, less effort is devoted to morphology control. Here, ternary organic solar cells are fabricated using a wide-bandgap polymer PBT1-C as the donor, a crystalline fused-ring electron acceptor ITIC-2Cl, and an amorphous fullerene derivative indene-C60 bisadduct (ICBA) as the acceptor. It is found that ICBA can disturb π-π interactions of the crystalline ITIC-2Cl molecules in ternary blends and then help to form more uniform morphology. As a result, incorporation of 20% ICBA in the PBT1-C:ITIC-2Cl blend enables efficient charge dissociation, negligible bimolecular recombination, and balanced charge carrier mobilities. An impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.4%, with a high fill factor (FF) of 76.8%, is eventually achieved, which represents one of the highest PCEs reported so far for organic solar cells. The results manifest that the adoption of amorphous fullerene acceptor is an effective approach to optimizing the ternary blend morphology and thereby increases the solar cell performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanpeng Xie
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Afsar Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Pengqing Bi
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yunhao Cai
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaotao Hao
- School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Korea University, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Weiwei Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Physics and Astronomy and Collaborative Innovation, Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yanming Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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29
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Vartanian M, de la Cruz P, Biswas S, Sharma GD, Langa F. Panchromatic ternary organic solar cells with 9.44% efficiency incorporating porphyrin-based donors. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:12100-12108. [PMID: 29912246 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02856g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to improve the short-circuit current and fill factor, organic solar cells have been developed with ternary blending in a single bulk heterojunction active layer. We report here several all small molecule organic solar cells based on ternary bulk heterojunction active layers. These layers consist of two small molecule porphyrin donors (MV71 and MV72), which have the same backbone but different end-capping acceptor units, and PC71BM as the acceptor. The organic solar cells showed overall power conversion efficiencies of 3.21% and 4.03% for the as-cast MV71:PC71BM and MV72:PC71BM binary active layers, respectively. However, the power conversion efficiency of the ternary active layer, i.e., MV71:MV72:PC71BM (0.2 : 0.8 : 2), was 6.72% and this is higher than the two binary active layer counterparts. The enhancement in the PCE of the ternary active layer is mainly related to the improvement in both the short-circuit current and fill factor and is related to the synergistic effect of the good miscibility of the two donors and improved hole transportation due to the slightly deeper highest occupied molecular orbital energy level of MV72 than MV71. The PCE was further improved to 9.44% with an enhanced short-circuit current and fill factor when the ternary active layer was subjected to solvent vapour annealing for 40 seconds. The ternary organic solar cells showed higher values of the incident photon to current conversion efficiency across the entire wavelength region when compared to the binary counterparts. The same donor backbone facilitates miscibility at the molecular level and the different HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the donors enable charge transport in the devices based on the ternary active layers. The increase in the power conversion efficiency after SVA treatment may be attributed to the migration of MV71 from the mixed region to the donor-acceptor (D-A) interfaces, which in turn affects the charge transfer and recombination processes and is confirmed by the impedance spectroscopy and dark current-voltage measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maida Vartanian
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Institute of Nanoscience, Nanotechnology and Molecular Materials (INAMOL), Campus de la Fábrica de Armas, 45071-Toledo, Spain.
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30
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Cheng P, Wang J, Zhang Q, Huang W, Zhu J, Wang R, Chang SY, Sun P, Meng L, Zhao H, Cheng HW, Huang T, Liu Y, Wang C, Zhu C, You W, Zhan X, Yang Y. Unique Energy Alignments of a Ternary Material System toward High-Performance Organic Photovoltaics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801501. [PMID: 29782685 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating narrow-bandgap near-infrared absorbers as the third component in a donor/acceptor binary blend is a new strategy to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPV). However, there are two main restrictions: potential charge recombination in the narrow-gap material and miscompatibility between each component. The optimized design is to employ a third component (structurally similar to the donor or acceptor) with a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level similar to the acceptor and a highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level similar to the donor. In this design, enhanced absorption of the active layer and enhanced charge transfer can be realized without breaking the optimized morphology of the active layer. Herein, in order to realize this design, two new narrow-bandgap nonfullerene acceptors with suitable energy levels and chemical structures are designed, synthesized, and employed as the third component in the donor/acceptor binary blend, which boosts the PCE of OPV to 11.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Wenchao Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jingshuai Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sheng-Yung Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Pengyu Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lei Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hongxiang Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hao-Wen Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chaochen Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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31
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Zhang G, Zhao J, Chow PCY, Jiang K, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Huang F, Yan H. Nonfullerene Acceptor Molecules for Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3447-3507. [PMID: 29557657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 586] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The bulk-heterojunction blend of an electron donor and an electron acceptor material is the key component in a solution-processed organic photovoltaic device. In the past decades, a p-type conjugated polymer and an n-type fullerene derivative have been the most commonly used electron donor and electron acceptor, respectively. While most advances of the device performance come from the design of new polymer donors, fullerene derivatives have almost been exclusively used as electron acceptors in organic photovoltaics. Recently, nonfullerene acceptor materials, particularly small molecules and oligomers, have emerged as a promising alternative to replace fullerene derivatives. Compared to fullerenes, these new acceptors are generally synthesized from diversified, low-cost routes based on building block materials with extraordinary chemical, thermal, and photostability. The facile functionalization of these molecules affords excellent tunability to their optoelectronic and electrochemical properties. Within the past five years, there have been over 100 nonfullerene acceptor molecules synthesized, and the power conversion efficiency of nonfullerene organic solar cells has increased dramatically, from ∼2% in 2012 to >13% in 2017. This review summarizes this progress, aiming to describe the molecular design strategy, to provide insight into the structure-property relationship, and to highlight the challenges the field is facing, with emphasis placed on most recent nonfullerene acceptors that demonstrated top-of-the-line photovoltaic performances. We also provide perspectives from a device point of view, wherein topics including ternary blend device, multijunction device, device stability, active layer morphology, and device physics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangye Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China
| | - Philip C Y Chow
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China.,Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
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32
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Synthesis of Highly Regioregular, Head-to-Tail Coupled Poly(3-octylesterthiophene) via C—H/C—H Coupling Polycondensation. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-018-2116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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33
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Huang W, Cheng P, Yang YM, Li G, Yang Y. High-Performance Organic Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells Based on Multiple-Donor or Multiple-Acceptor Components. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1705706. [PMID: 29333744 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) based on bulk heterojunction structures are promising candidates for next-generation solar cells. However, the narrow absorption bandwidth of organic semiconductors is a critical issue resulting in insufficient usage of the energy from the solar spectrum, and as a result, it hinders performance. Devices based on multiple-donor or multiple-acceptor components with complementary absorption spectra provide a solution to address this issue. OSCs based on multiple-donor or multiple-acceptor systems have achieved power conversion efficiencies over 12%. Moreover, the introduction of an additional component can further facilitate charge transfer and reduce charge recombination through cascade energy structure and optimized morphology. This progress report provides an overview of the recent progress in OSCs based on multiple-donor (polymer/polymer, polymer/dye, and polymer/small molecule) or multiple-acceptor (fullerene/fullerene, fullerene/nonfullerene, and nonfullerene/nonfullerene) components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Pei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yang Michael Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Cheng P, Wang R, Zhu J, Huang W, Chang SY, Meng L, Sun P, Cheng HW, Qin M, Zhu C, Zhan X, Yang Y. Ternary System with Controlled Structure: A New Strategy toward Efficient Organic Photovoltaics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1705243. [PMID: 29318665 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a new type of active layer with a ternary system has been developed to further enhance the performance of binary system organic photovoltaics (OPV). In the ternary OPV, almost all active layers are formed by simple ternary blend in solution, which eventually leads to the disordered bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure after a spin-coating process. There are two main restrictions in this disordered BHJ structure to obtain higher performance OPV. One is the isolated second donor or acceptor domains. The other is the invalid metal-semiconductor contact. Herein, the concept and design of donor/acceptor/acceptor ternary OPV with more controlled structure (C-ternary) is reported. The C-ternary OPV is fabricated by a sequential solution process, in which the second acceptor and donor/acceptor binary blend are sequentially spin-coated. After the device optimization, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of all OPV with C-ternary are enhanced by 14-21% relative to those with the simple ternary blend; the best PCEs are 10.7 and 11.0% for fullerene-based and fullerene-free solar cells, respectively. Moreover, the averaged PCE value of 10.4% for fullerene-free solar cell measured in this study is in great agreement with the certified one of 10.32% obtained from Newport Corporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jingshuai Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sheng-Yung Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Lei Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Pengyu Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hao-Wen Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Meng Qin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zhan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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35
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Hou J, Inganäs O, Friend RH, Gao F. Organic solar cells based on non-fullerene acceptors. NATURE MATERIALS 2018; 17:119-128. [PMID: 29358765 DOI: 10.1038/nmat5063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 879] [Impact Index Per Article: 146.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) have been dominated by donor:acceptor blends based on fullerene acceptors for over two decades. This situation has changed recently, with non-fullerene (NF) OSCs developing very quickly. The power conversion efficiencies of NF OSCs have now reached a value of over 13%, which is higher than the best fullerene-based OSCs. NF acceptors show great tunability in absorption spectra and electron energy levels, providing a wide range of new opportunities. The coexistence of low voltage losses and high current generation indicates that new regimes of device physics and photophysics are reached in these systems. This Review highlights these opportunities made possible by NF acceptors, and also discuss the challenges facing the development of NF OSCs for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Olle Inganäs
- Biomolecular and organic electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
| | | | - Feng Gao
- Biomolecular and organic electronics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping SE-58183, Sweden
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36
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Wang Z, Zhu X, Zhang J, Lu K, Fang J, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhu L, Ma W, Shuai Z, Wei Z. From Alloy-Like to Cascade Blended Structure: Designing High-Performance All-Small-Molecule Ternary Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1549-1556. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering,
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Zhu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Kun Lu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Jin Fang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Zaiyu Wang
- State
Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Wei Ma
- State
Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering,
Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center
for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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37
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Zhang Q, Chang M, Lu Y, Sun Y, Li C, Yang X, Zhang M, Chen Y. A Direct C–H Coupling Method for Preparing π-Conjugated Functional Polymers with High Regioregularity. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Display Materials & Photoelectric Devices, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Meijia Chang
- The Centre
of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional
Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry,
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Photoelectric Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Display Materials & Photoelectric Devices, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yanna Sun
- The Centre
of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional
Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry,
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- The Centre
of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional
Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry,
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xinlin Yang
- The Centre
of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional
Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry,
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Mingtao Zhang
- The Centre
of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional
Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry,
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- The Centre
of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional
Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry,
College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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38
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Jiang W, Yu R, Liu Z, Peng R, Mi D, Hong L, Wei Q, Hou J, Kuang Y, Ge Z. Ternary Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells with 12.16% Efficiency by Introducing One Acceptor with Cascading Energy Level and Complementary Absorption. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30. [PMID: 29125654 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel small-molecule acceptor, (2,2'-((5E,5'E)-5,5'-((5,5'-(4,4,9,9-tetrakis(5-hexylthiophen-2-yl)-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(4-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(methanylylidene)) bis(3-hexyl-4-oxothiazolidine-5,2-diylidene))dimalononitrile (ITCN), end-capped with electron-deficient 2-(3-hexyl-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidene)malononitrile groups, is designed, synthesized, and used as the third component in fullerene-free ternary polymer solar cells (PSCs). The cascaded energy-level structure enabled by the newly designed acceptor is beneficial to the carrier transport and separation. Meanwhile, the three materials show a complementary absorption in the visible region, resulting in efficient light harvesting. Hence, the PBDB-T:ITCN:IT-M ternary PSCs possess a high short-circuit current density (Jsc ) under an optimal weight ratio of donors and acceptors. Moreover, the open-circuit voltage (Voc ) of the ternary PSCs is enhanced with an increase of the third acceptor ITCN content, which is attributed to the higher lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level of ITCN than that of IT-M, thus exhibits a higher Voc in PBDB-T:ITCN binary system. Ultimately, the ternary PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency of 12.16%, which is higher than the PBDB-T:ITM-based PSCs (10.89%) and PBDB-T:ITCN-based ones (2.21%). This work provides an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weigang Jiang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Runnan Yu
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ruixiang Peng
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Dongbo Mi
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ling Hong
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yongbo Kuang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Ge
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
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Sun Y, Guo B, Chen Y, Zhang W, Li X, Yu G, Li F. A naphthodithieno[3,2- b]thiophene-based copolymer as a novel third component in ternary polymer solar cells with a simultaneously enhanced open circuit voltage, short circuit current and fill factor. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00307f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ternary polymer solar cells with simultaneously improved VOC, JSC and FF have been achieved by doping PV12 as a third component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Biao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Youchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Fenghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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40
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Xu X, Bi Z, Ma W, Wang Z, Choy WCH, Wu W, Zhang G, Li Y, Peng Q. Highly Efficient Ternary-Blend Polymer Solar Cells Enabled by a Nonfullerene Acceptor and Two Polymer Donors with a Broad Composition Tolerance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29. [PMID: 29044740 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201704271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, highly efficient ternary-blend organic solar cells (TB-OSCs) are reported based on a low-bandgap copolymer of PTB7-Th, a medium-bandgap copolymer of PBDB-T, and a wide-bandgap small molecule of SFBRCN. The ternary-blend layer exhibits a good complementary absorption in the range of 300-800 nm, in which PTB7-Th and PBDB-T have excellent miscibility with each other and a desirable phase separation with SFBRCN. In such devices, there exist multiple energy transfer pathways from PBDB-T to PTB7-Th, and from SFBRCN to the above two polymer donors. The hole-back transfer from PTB7-Th to PBDB-T and multiple electron transfers between the acceptor and the donor materials are also observed for elevating the whole device performance. After systematically optimizing the weight ratio of PBDB-T:PTB7-Th:SFBRCN, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.27% is finally achieved with an open-circuit voltage (Voc ) of 0.93 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc ) of 17.86 mA cm-2 , and a fill factor of 73.9%, which is the highest value for the ternary OSCs reported so far. Importantly, the TB-OSCs exhibit a broad composition tolerance with a high PCE over 10% throughout the whole blend ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Zishuai Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Wenlin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Guangjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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41
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Zhang H, Wang X, Yang L, Zhang S, Zhang Y, He C, Ma W, Hou J. Improved Domain Size and Purity Enables Efficient All-Small-Molecule Ternary Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1703777. [PMID: 28961342 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201703777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An all-small-molecule ternary solar cell is achieved with a power conversion efficiency of 10.48% by incorporating phenyl-C71 -butyric-acid-methyl ester (PC71 BM) into a nonfullerene binary system. The addition of PC71 BM is found to modulate the film morphology by improving the domain purity and decreasing the domain size. This modulation facilitates charge generation and suppresses charge recombination, as manifested by the significantly enhanced short-circuit current density and fill factor. The results correlate the domain characteristics with the device performance and offer new insight from the perspective of morphology modulation for constructing efficient ternary devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Liyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chang He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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42
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Ahmad R, Srivastava R, Yadav S, Chand S, Sapra S. Functionalized 2D-MoS 2-Incorporated Polymer Ternary Solar Cells: Role of Nanosheet-Induced Long-Range Ordering of Polymer Chains on Charge Transport. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:34111-34121. [PMID: 28871775 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b08725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrated the enhancement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT)/[6,6]-phenyl C71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) by incorporation of functionalized 2D-MoS2 nanosheets (NSs) as an additional charge-transporting material. The enhancement in PCE of ternary solar cells arises due to the synergic enhancement in exciton dissociation and the improvement in mobility of both electrons and holes through the active layer of the solar cells. The improved hole mobility is attributed to the formation of the long-range ordered nanofibrillar structure of polymer phases and improved crystallinity in the presence of 2D-MoS2 NSs. The improved electron mobility arises due to the highly conducting 2D network of MoS2 NSs which provides additional electron transport channels within the active layer. The nanosheet-incorporated ternary blend solar cells exhibit 32% enhancement in PCE relative to the binary blend P3HT/PC71BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razi Ahmad
- Center for Organic Electronics, Physics of Energy Harvesting Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory , Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110012, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ritu Srivastava
- Center for Organic Electronics, Physics of Energy Harvesting Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory , Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sushma Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Suresh Chand
- Center for Organic Electronics, Physics of Energy Harvesting Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory , Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sameer Sapra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , New Delhi 110016, India
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Xiao L, Liang T, Gao K, Lai T, Chen X, Liu F, Russell TP, Huang F, Peng X, Cao Y. Ternary Solar Cells Based on Two Small Molecule Donors with Same Conjugated Backbone: The Role of Good Miscibility and Hole Relay Process. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:29917-29923. [PMID: 28809536 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) are very attractive for further enhancing the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of binary ones but still with a single active layer. However, improving the PCEs is still challenging because a ternary cell with one more component is more complicated on phase separation behavior. If the two donors or two acceptors have similar chemical structures, good miscibility can be expected to reduce the try-and-error work. Herein, we report ternary devices based on two small molecule donors with the same backbone but different substituents. Whereas both binary devices show PCEs about 9%, the PCE of the ternary cells is enhanced to 10.17% with improved fill factor and short-circuit current values and external quantum efficiencies almost in the whole absorption wavelength region from 440 to 850 nm. The same backbone enables the donors miscible at molecular level, and the donor with a higher HOMO level plays hole relay process to facilitate the charge transportation in the ternary devices. Since side-chain engineering has been well performed to tune the active materials' energy levels in OSCs, our results suggest that their ternary systems are promising for further improving the binary cells' performance although their absorptions are not complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tianxiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tianqi Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xuebin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA (CICIFSA), Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaobin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Yang Z, Zhang T, Li J, Xue W, Han C, Cheng Y, Qian L, Cao W, Yang Y, Chen S. Multiple electron transporting layers and their excellent properties based on organic solar cell. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9571. [PMID: 28851887 PMCID: PMC5575332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the performance of inverted polymer solar cells based on a ternary blend of polymerthieno [3,4-b] thiophene/benzodithiophene (PTB7), [6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) and indene-C60-bisadduct (ICBA), a two-layer structure of zinc oxide (ZnO) and Al-doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanoperticles is used to improve electron extraction. Comparing to ZnO, AZO has lower work function and thus provides larger built-in potential across the organic heterojunction, resulting in more efficient photo-current extraction and larger open circuit voltages. Optimum devices with ZnO/AZO nanoparticles show enhancement of both short circuit current and open circuit voltage, leading to a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.85%. The argument of energy level buffering and surface morphology is discussed in the paper. Finally, using a trilayer electron transporting unit of ZnO/AZO/PFN, the interface dipole between the organic active layer and AZO is introduced. The PCE is further enhanced to 9.17%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Yang
- School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jingyu Li
- School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wei Xue
- School of Optoelectronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Changfeng Han
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, Henan, China
| | - Lei Qian
- TCL Corporate Research, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China.
| | - Weiran Cao
- TCL Corporate Research, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixing Yang
- TCL Corporate Research, Shenzhen, 518052, Guangdong, China
| | - Song Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
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Yu R, Zhang S, Yao H, Guo B, Li S, Zhang H, Zhang M, Hou J. Two Well-Miscible Acceptors Work as One for Efficient Fullerene-Free Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1700437. [PMID: 28466960 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
High-performance ternary organic solar cells are fabricated by using a wide-bandgap polymer donor (bithienyl-benzodithiophene-alt-fluorobenzotriazole copolymer, J52) and two well-miscible nonfullerene acceptors, methyl-modified nonfullerene acceptor (IT-M) and 2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-((5,5'-(4,4,9,9-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-4,9-dihydros-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-2,7-diyl)bis(4-((2-ethylhexyl)oxy)thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (IEICO). The two acceptors with complementary absorption spectra and similar lowest unoccupied molecular orbital levels show excellent compatibility in the blend due to their very similar chemical structures. Consequently, the obtained ternary organic solar cells (OSC) exhibits a high efficiency of 11.1%, with an enhanced short-circuit current density of 19.7 mA cm-2 and a fill factor of 0.668. In this ternary system, broadened absorption, similar output voltages, and compatible morphology are achieved simultaneously, demonstrating a promising strategy to further improve the performance of ternary OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runnan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Bing Guo
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Sunsun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Maojie Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Kakavelakis G, Del Rio Castillo AE, Pellegrini V, Ansaldo A, Tzourmpakis P, Brescia R, Prato M, Stratakis E, Kymakis E, Bonaccorso F. Size-Tuning of WSe 2 Flakes for High Efficiency Inverted Organic Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2017; 11:3517-3531. [PMID: 28240547 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of large-scale production methods of two-dimensional (2D) crystals, with on-demand control of the area and thickness, is mandatory to fulfill the potential applications of such materials for photovoltaics. Inverted bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cell (OSC), which exploits a polymer-fullerene binary blend as the active material, is one potentially important application area for 2D crystals. A large ongoing effort is indeed currently devoted to the introduction of 2D crystals in the binary blend to improve the charge transport properties. While it is expected that the nanoscale domains size of the different components of the blend will significantly impact the performance of the OSC, to date, there is no evidence of quantitative information on the interplay between 2D crystals and fullerene domains size. Here, we demonstrate that by matching the size of WSe2 few-layer 2D crystals, produced by liquid-phase exfoliation, with that of the PC71BM fullerene domain in BHJ OSCs, we obtain power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of ∼9.3%, reaching a 15% improvement with respect to standard binary devices (PCE = 8.10%), i.e., without the addition of WSe2 flakes. This is the highest ever reported PCE for 2D material-based OSCs, obtained thanks to the enhanced exciton generation and exciton dissociation at the WSe2-fullerene interface and also electron extraction to the back metal contact as a consequence of a balanced charge carriers mobility. These results push forward the implementation of transition-metal dichalcogenides to boost the performance of BHJ OSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kakavelakis
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics and Electrical Engineering Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete , Heraklion 71004, Crete, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Pavlos Tzourmpakis
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics and Electrical Engineering Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete , Heraklion 71004, Crete, Greece
| | | | | | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Foundation of Research and Technology (FORTH), Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL) , Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Kymakis
- Center of Materials Technology and Photonics and Electrical Engineering Department, Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete , Heraklion 71004, Crete, Greece
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Kästner C, Vandewal K, Egbe DAM, Hoppe H. Revelation of Interfacial Energetics in Organic Multiheterojunctions. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1600331. [PMID: 28435774 PMCID: PMC5396163 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Efficient charge generation via exciton dissociation in organic bulk heterojunctions necessitates donor-acceptor interfaces, e.g., between a conjugated polymer and a fullerene derivative. Furthermore, aggregation and corresponding structural order of polymer and fullerene domains result in energetic relaxations of molecular energy levels toward smaller energy gaps as compared to the situation for amorphous phases existing in homogeneously intermixed polymer:fullerene blends. Here it is shown that these molecular energy level shifts are reflected in interfacial charge transfer (CT) transitions and depending on the existence of disordered or ordered interfacial domains. It can be done so by systematically controlling the order at the donor-acceptor interface via ternary blending of semicrystalline and amorphous model polymers with a fullerene acceptor. These variations in interfacial domain order are probed with luminescence spectroscopy, yielding various transition energies due to activation of different recombination channels at the interface. Finally, it is shown that via this analysis the energy landscape at the organic heterojunction interface can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kästner
- Institute of PhysicsTechnische Universität IlmenauWeimarer Str. 3298693IlmenauGermany
| | - Koen Vandewal
- Institut für Angewandte PhotophysikTechnische Universität DresdenGeorge‐Bähr‐Str. 101069DresdenGermany
| | - Daniel Ayuk Mbi Egbe
- Institute of Polymeric Materials and TestingJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenbergerstr. 694040LinzAustria
| | - Harald Hoppe
- Institute of PhysicsTechnische Universität IlmenauWeimarer Str. 3298693IlmenauGermany
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Chen Y, Ye P, Zhu ZG, Wang X, Yang L, Xu X, Wu X, Dong T, Zhang H, Hou J, Liu F, Huang H. Achieving High-Performance Ternary Organic Solar Cells through Tuning Acceptor Alloy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1603154. [PMID: 27918107 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201603154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acceptor alloys based on n-type small molecular and fullerene derivatives are used to fabricate the ternary solar cell. The highest performance of optimized ternary device is 10.4%, which is the highest efficiency for one donor/two acceptors-based ternary systems. Three important parameters, JSC , VOC , and FF, of the optimized ternary device are all higher than the binary reference devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Chen
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Pan Ye
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Gang Zhu
- School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozhou Xu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Wu
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tao Dong
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology and Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physic, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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Yang X, Zheng F, Xu W, Bi P, Feng L, Liu J, Hao X. Improving the Compatibility of Donor Polymers in Efficient Ternary Organic Solar Cells via Post-Additive Soaking Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:618-627. [PMID: 27959487 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In dual-donor ternary organic solar cells, the compatibility between the donor polymers plays important roles to control the conformational change and govern the photophysical behavior in the blend films. Here, we apply a post-additive soaking (PAS) approach to reconstruct the morphology in a ternary organic photovoltaic BHJ of PTB7-Th: PCDTBT: PC71BM. The PAS-treated device has a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of about 8.7% in this ternary system. From the analyses of GIWAXS and GISAXS, the superior device performance is attributed to the favorable nanomorphology with optimum crystallinity of PTB7-Th and good intermixing of PCDTBT with PTB7-Th:PC71BM, leading to improved charge transport in the vertical direction. AFM and TRPL measurements clearly demonstrate PAS-treated film envisages a homogeneous distribution of smaller PC71BM aggregates to facilitate the exciton dissociation and carrier extraction at the interface. The increased PCE ascribed to not only the enhancement of absorption and nonradiative Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two donors (PCDTBT and PTB7-Th) but also the formation of a bicontinuous interpenetrating network of PC71BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Weilong Xu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Pengqing Bi
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Lin Feng
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Jianqiang Liu
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Xiaotao Hao
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University , Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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