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Imagawa T, Ito S, Hennrich F, Neumaier M, Weis P, Koyasu K, Kappes MM, Tsukuda T. Revisiting the structure of [PdAu9(PPh3)8(CN)]2+ produced by atmospheric pressure plasma irradiation of [PdAu8(PPh3)8]2+ in methanol. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:024303. [PMID: 38980089 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Some of the authors of the present research group have previously reported mass spectrometric detection of [PdAu9(PPh3)8(CN)]2+ (PdAu9CN) by atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) irradiation of [MAu8(PPh3)8]2+ (PdAu8) in methanol and proposed based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations that PdAu9CN is constructed by inserting a CNAu or NCAu unit into the Au-PPh3 bond of PdAu8 [Emori et al., J. Chem. Phys. 155, 124312 (2021)]. In this follow-up study, we revisited the structure of PdAu9CN by high-resolution ion mobility spectrometry on an isolated sample of PdAu9CN with the help of dispersion-corrected DFT calculation. In contradiction to the previous proposal, we conclude that isomers in which an AuCN unit is directly bonded to the central Pd atom of PdAu8 are better candidates. This assignment was supported by Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopies of isolated PdAu9CN. The simultaneous formation of [Au(PPh3)2]+ and PdAu9CN suggests that the AuCN species are formed by APP irradiation at the expense of a portion of PdAu8. These results indicate that APP may offer a unique method for transforming metal clusters into novel ones by generating in situ active species that were not originally added to the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Imagawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shun Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Frank Hennrich
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von- Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Marco Neumaier
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Patrick Weis
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kiichirou Koyasu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von- Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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2
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Wang H, Su J, Ni SQ, Chen J, Cheng SB. Unraveling the Solvent Regulation in the Heteroatom-Doped Endohedral Gold Clusters: A Theoretical Study on the Electronic Properties and O 2 Activation. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38968435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-phase synthesis of atomically precise nanoclusters has experienced rapid development recently, where polar solvents are indispensable in such a process. However, the regulation effect of solvents on the structural and electronic properties of different metal clusters and cluster assembly materials is still not well understood. Herein, a comprehensive density functional theory calculation has been performed to explore the solvation effect on heteroatom-doped endohedral gold clusters that always have remarkable stabilities and tunable electronic structures. The solvation free energy of the M@Au12 clusters (M = Cr, Mo, W, Co, Rh, Ir, Cu, Ag, and Au) was found to be related to the charge distribution of the central doped-atom M and the outer Au12 cage. Moreover, the aqueous solvent was observed to be able to increase the adsorption capacity of M@Au12 to O2 following the activation of O2 through the charge transfer from M@Au12 to O2, in which the transferred electrons occupy the π antibonding orbital of O2. In addition, the water solvent can also improve the hydrogenation reaction of O2 to form OOH over M@Au12, where the activation energy barrier for this process is very low with the participation of the solvent. Considering the importance of solvents in the liquid-phase synthesis of atomically precise clusters, these findings highlighted here could provide valuable theoretical guidance in potential applications of functional gold nanoclusters, especially in the liquid-phase cluster catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jie Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shi-Bo Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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3
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Liu X, Ki T, Deng G, Yoo S, Lee K, Lee BH, Hyeon T, Bootharaju MS. Recent advances in synthesis and properties of silver nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12329-12344. [PMID: 38860477 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01788a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Achieving atomic precision in nanostructured materials is essential for comprehending formation mechanisms and elucidating structure-property relationships. Within the realm of nanoscience and technology, atomically precise ligand-protected noble metal nanoclusters (NCs) have emerged as a rapidly expanding area of interest. These clusters manifest quantum confinement-induced optoelectronic, photophysical, and chemical properties, along with remarkable catalytic capabilities. Among coinage metals, silver distinguishes itself for the fabrication of stable nanoclusters, primarily due to its cost-effectiveness compared to gold. This minireview provides an overview of recent advancements since 2020 in synthetic methodologies and ligand selections toward attaining NCs boasting a minimum of two free valence electrons. Additionally, it explores strategies for fine-tuning optical properties. The discussion extends to surface reactivity, elucidating how exposure to ligands, heat, and light induces transformations in size and structure. Of paramount significance are the applications of silver NCs in catalytic reactions for energy and chemical conversion, supplemented by in-depth mechanistic insights. Furthermore, the review delineates challenges and outlines future directions in the NC field, with an eye toward the design of new functional materials and prospective applications in diverse technologies, including optoelectronics, energy conversion, and fine chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liu
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Ki
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Guocheng Deng
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Yoo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangjae Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hoon Lee
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Megalamane S Bootharaju
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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4
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He WM, Hu JH, Cui YJ, Li J, Si YB, Wang SB, Zhao YJ, Zhou Z, Ma LF, Zang SQ. Filling the gaps in icosahedral superatomic metal clusters. Natl Sci Rev 2024; 11:nwae174. [PMID: 38887544 PMCID: PMC11182670 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemically modified superatoms have emerged as promising candidates in the new periodic table, in which Au13 and its doped M n Au13- n have been widely studied. However, their important counterpart, Ag13 artificial element, has not yet been synthesized. In this work, we report the synthesis of Ag13 nanoclusters using strong chelating ability and rigid ligands, that fills the gaps in the icosahedral superatomic metal clusters. After further doping Ag13 template with different degrees of Au atoms, we gained insight into the evolution of their optical properties. Theoretical calculations show that the kernel metal doping can modulate the transition of the excited-state electronic structure, and the electron transfer process changes from local excitation (LE) to charge transfer (CT) to LE. This study not only enriches the families of artificial superatoms, but also contributes to the understanding of the electronic states of superatomic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Miao He
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jia-Hua Hu
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yu-Jia Cui
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- School of Science, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Yu-Bing Si
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuai-Bo Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yu-Jing Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhan Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Lu-Fang Ma
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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5
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Ishii W, Tanaka R, Nakashima T. Assembly of anionic silver nanoclusters with controlled packing structures through site-specific ionic bridges. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38920336 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01691b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The assembly of metal nanoclusters (NCs) into crystalline lattice structures is of interest in the development of NC-based functional materials. Here we demonstrate that the assembled structures of tri-anionic tetrahedral symmetric [Ag29(BDT)12]3- (Ag29 NC, BDT: 1,3-benzenedithiol) NCs are controlled into a polyethylene-like zigzag chain and a "poly-ring-fused-cyclohexane"-like honeycomb arrangement through ionic interactions with alkali metal cations such as K+ and Cs+. The site-specific binding of alkali metal ions on the tetrahedrally arranged binding sites of Ag29 NCs successfully connects the adjacent NCs into various packing modes. The number and type of bridges between NCs determine the Ag29 NC packing structures, which are affected by the solvent species, enabling the transformation of packing modes in the single-crystalline state. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of the crystals responded to the packing modes of the NCs in terms of anisotropy and bridge linkage style inducing a varied degree of relaxation of the excited state depending on the relocation mobility of alkali metal ions in the crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ishii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Rika Tanaka
- X-ray Crystal Analysis Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
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6
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Li S, Li NN, Dong XY, Zang SQ, Mak TCW. Chemical Flexibility of Atomically Precise Metal Clusters. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7262-7378. [PMID: 38696258 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Ligand-protected metal clusters possess hybrid properties that seamlessly combine an inorganic core with an organic ligand shell, imparting them exceptional chemical flexibility and unlocking remarkable application potential in diverse fields. Leveraging chemical flexibility to expand the library of available materials and stimulate the development of new functionalities is becoming an increasingly pressing requirement. This Review focuses on the origin of chemical flexibility from the structural analysis, including intra-cluster bonding, inter-cluster interactions, cluster-environments interactions, metal-to-ligand ratios, and thermodynamic effects. In the introduction, we briefly outline the development of metal clusters and explain the differences and commonalities of M(I)/M(I/0) coinage metal clusters. Additionally, we distinguish the bonding characteristics of metal atoms in the inorganic core, which give rise to their distinct chemical flexibility. Section 2 delves into the structural analysis, bonding categories, and thermodynamic theories related to metal clusters. In the following sections 3 to 7, we primarily elucidate the mechanisms that trigger chemical flexibility, the dynamic processes in transformation, the resultant alterations in structure, and the ensuing modifications in physical-chemical properties. Section 8 presents the notable applications that have emerged from utilizing metal clusters and their assemblies. Finally, in section 9, we discuss future challenges and opportunities within this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Na-Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Xi-Yan Dong
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Thomas C W Mak
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, China
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7
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Li S, Liu Y, Tang X, Xu Z, Lin L, Xie Z, Huo R, Nan ZA, Guan ZJ, Shen H, Zheng N. Chiroptical Activity Amplification of Chiral Metal Nanoclusters via Surface/Interface Solidification. ACS NANO 2024; 18:13675-13682. [PMID: 38752561 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
It remains a grand challenge to amplify the chiroptical activity of chiral metal nanoclusters (NCs) although it is desirable for fundamental research and practical application. Herein, we report a strategy of surface/interface solidification (SIS) for enhancing the chiroptical activity of gold NCs. Structural analysis of [Au19(2R,4R/2S,4S-BDPP)6Cl2]3+ (BDPP is 2,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane) clusters reveals that one of the interfacial gold atoms is flexible between two sites and large space is present on the surface, thus hampering chirality transfer from surface chiral ligands to metal core and leading to low chiroptical activity. Following SIS by filling the flexible sites and replacing chlorides with thiolate ligands affords another pair of [Au20(2R,4R/2S,4S-BDPP)6(4-F-C6H4S)2]4+, which shows a more compact and organized structure and thus an almost 40-fold enhancement of chiroptical activity. This work not only provides an efficient approach for amplifying the chiroptical activity of metal nanoclusters but also highlights the significance of achiral components in shaping chiral nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Li
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiongkai Tang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lushan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zhenlang Xie
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rong Huo
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Zi-Ang Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hui Shen
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361102, China
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8
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Sun X, Yan B, Gong X, Xu Q, Guo Q, Shen H. Eight-Electron Copper Nanoclusters for Photothermal Conversion. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400527. [PMID: 38470123 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Owing to distinct physicochemical properties in comparison to gold and silver counterparts, atomically precise copper nanoclusters are attracting embryonic interest in material science. The introduction of copper cluster nanomaterials in more interesting fields is currently urgent and desired. Reported in this work are novel copper nanoclusters of [XCu54Cl12(tBuS)20(NO3)12] (X=S or none, tBuSH=2-methyl-2-propanethiol), which exhibit high performance in photothermal conversion. The clusters have been prepared in one pot and characterized by combinatorial techniques including ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The molecular structure of the clusters, as revealed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (SCXRD), shows the concentric three-shell Russian doll arrangement of X@Cu14@Cl12@Cu40. Interestingly, the [SCu54Cl12(tBuS)20(NO3)12] cluster contains 8 free valence electrons in its structure, making it the first eight-electron copper nanocluster stabilized by thiolates. More impressively, the clusters possess an effective photothermal conversion (temperature increases by 71 °C within ~50 s, λex=445 nm, 0.5 W cm-2) in a wide wavelength range (either blue or near-infrared). The photothermal conversion can be even driven under irradiation of simulated sunlight (3 sun), endowing the clusters with great potency in solar energy utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Sun
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Bingzheng Yan
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Xuekun Gong
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Qinghua Xu
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Qingxiang Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051, China
| | - Hui Shen
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
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9
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Fang JJ, Liu Z, Wang ZY, Xie YP, Lu X. Chiral Canoe-Like Pd 0 or Pt 0 Alloyed Copper Alkynyl Nanoclusters Display Near-Infrared Luminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401206. [PMID: 38469979 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Alloying nanoclusters (NCs) has emerged as a widely explored and versatile strategy for tailoring tunable properties, facilitating in-depth atomic-level investigations of structure-property correlations. In this study, we have successfully synthesized six atomically precise copper NCs alloyed with Group 10 metals (Pd or Pt). Notably, the Pd0 or Pt0 atom situated at the center of the distorted hexagonal antiprism Pd0/Pt0@Cu12 cage, coordinated with twelve Cu+ and two tBuC≡C- ligands. Moreover, ligand exchange strategies demonstrated the potential for Cl- and Br- to replace one or two alkynyl ligands positioned at the top or side of the NCs. The chirality exhibited by these racemic NCs is primarily attributed to the involvement of halogens and a chiral (Pd/Pt)@Cu18 skeleton. Furthermore, all the NCs exhibit near-infrared (NIR) luminescence, characterized by emission peaks at 705-755 nm, lifetimes ranging from 6.630 to 9.662 μs, and absolute photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of 1.75 %-2.52 % in their crystalline state. The experimental optical properties of these NCs are found to be in excellent agreement with the results of theoretical calculations. These alloy NCs not only offer valuable insights into the synthesis of Pd0/Pt0-Cu alloy NCs, but also bridge the gap in understanding the structure-luminescence relationships of Pd0/Pt0-Cu molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yun-Peng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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10
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Piotrowski MJ, Palheta JMT, Fournier R. Cage doping of Ti, Zr, and Hf-based 13-atom nanoclusters: two sides of the same coin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:13172-13181. [PMID: 38630106 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00518j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal nanoclusters can exhibit unique and tunable properties which result not only from their chemical composition but also from their atomic packing and quantized electronic structures. Here, we introduce a promising family of bimetallic TM@Ti12, TM@Zr12, and TM@Hf12 nanoclusters with icosahedral geometry, where TM represents an atom from groups 3 to 12. Density functional theory calculations show that their stability can be explained with familiar concepts of metal cluster electronic and atomic shell structures. The magnetic properties of these quasispherical clusters are entirely consistent with superatom electronic shells and Hund's rules, and can be tuned by the choice of the TM dopant. The computed cluster atomization energies were analyzed in terms of the elements' cohesive energy, Ecoh, and contributions from geometric distortion, Edis, surface energy, Es, and ionic bonding, Ei. Some clusters have anomalous stability relative to Ecoh + Edis + Es + Ei. We attribute this to superatomic character associated with a favorable atomic and electronic shell structure. This raises the possibility of designing stable superatoms and materials with tailored electronic and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício J Piotrowski
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Pelotas, PO Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - João Marcos T Palheta
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Pelotas, PO Box 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - René Fournier
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada M3J 1P3.
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11
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Tang X, Shen H, Huang H, Li L, Luo F, Tian G, Deng H, Teo BK, Zheng N. A Versatile Strategy for the Controlled Synthesis of Atomically Precise Palladium Nanoclusters. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400040. [PMID: 38682590 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The study of the structures, applications, and structure-property relationships of atomically precise metal nanoclusters relies heavily on their controlled synthesis. Although great progress has been made in the controlled synthesis of Group 11 (Cu, Ag, Au) metal nanoclusters, the preparation of Pd nanoclusters remains a grand challenge. Herein, a new, simple, and versatile synthetic strategy for the controlled synthesis of Pd nanoclusters is reported with tailorable structures and functions. The synthesis strategy involves the controllable transformations of Pd4(CO)4(CH3COO)4 in air, allowing the discovery of a family of Pd nanoclusters with well-defined structure and high yield. For example, by treating the Pd4(CO)4(CH3COO)4 with 2,2-dipyridine ligands, two clusters of Pd4 and Pd10 whose metal framework describes the growth of vertex-sharing tetrahedra have been selectively isolated. Interestingly, chiral Pd4 nanoclusters can be gained by virtue of customized chiral pyridine-imine ligands, thus representing a pioneering example to shed light on the hierarchical chiral nanostructures of Pd. This synthetic methodology also tolerates a wide variety of ligands and affords phosphine-ligated Pd nanoclusters in a simple way. It is believed that the successful exploration of the synthetic strategy would simulate the research enthusiasm on both the synthesis and application of atomically precise Pd nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongkai Tang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hui Shen
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Huayu Huang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lei Li
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fan Luo
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guolong Tian
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hongwen Deng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Boon K Teo
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, and National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Preparation Technology of Nanomaterials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361102, China
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12
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Suzuki Y, Matsumoto K, Nomi R, Arakawa M, Horio T, Terasaki A. Photoelectron Imaging Signature for Selective Formation of Icosahedral Anionic Silver Cages Encapsulating Group 5 Elements: M@Ag 12- (M = V, Nb, and Ta). J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:4327-4332. [PMID: 38619361 PMCID: PMC11057432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
An assembly of 13 atoms can form highly symmetric architectures like those belonging to D3h, Oh, D5h, and Ih point groups. Here, using photoelectron imaging spectroscopy in combination with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we present a simple yet convincing experimental signature for the selective formation of icosahedral cages of anionic silver clusters encapsulating a dopant atom of group 5 elements: M@Ag12- (M = V, Nb, and Ta). Their photoelectron images obtained at 4 eV closely resemble one another: only a single ring is observed, which is assignable to photodetachment signals from a 5-fold degenerate superatomic 1D electronic shell in the 1S21P61D10 configuration of valence electrons. The perfect degeneracy represents an unambiguous fingerprint of an icosahedral symmetry, which would otherwise be lifted in all of the other structural isomers. DFT calculations confirm that Ih forms are the most stable and that D5h, Oh, and D3h structures are not found even in metastable states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Rin Nomi
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | | | - Takuya Horio
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Akira Terasaki
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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13
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Peter BD, Pei W, Andrew GN, Zhou S, Luo Z. A luminescent Ag 8(DPPY) 6(PhCC) 6 cluster with a triangular superatomic Ag 8 core. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:8090-8095. [PMID: 38563406 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00527a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We have synthesized single crystals of a highly stable Ag8 nanocluster protected by six ligands of diphenyl-2-phosphinic pyridine (DPPY) plus six ligands of phenylacetylene (PhCC). This Ag8(DPPY)6(PhCC)6 cluster bears a triangular superatomic Ag8 core, with the vertex and edge Ag atoms (quasi-triangle Ag6) being protected by both P and N bidentate coordination of the six DPPY ligands; meanwhile, the six PhCC ligands via μ3-C coordination form coordination on the two central Ag atoms capped on both sides of the triangle facet. Apart from the well-organized coordination of the two ligands pertaining to the balanced interactions with the Ag8 core, this Ag8 nanocluster exhibits superatomic stability with two delocalized valence electrons (1S2||1P0), assuming that the six PhCC ligands fix 6 localized electrons from the Ag atoms. Interestingly, the Ag8(DPPY)6(PhCC)6 NCs display temperature-dependent dual emissions at 330 and 535 nm under deep ultraviolet excitation. TD-DFT calculations reproduced the experimental spectrum, shedding light on the nature of excitation states and metal-ligand interactions in such a superatomic metal cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing D Peter
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Pei
- College of Physics Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Gaya N Andrew
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
| | - Si Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, School of Physics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhixun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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14
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Fujiwara Y, Ito S, Koyasu K, Tsukuda T. Gas-Phase Structures of [Au 21(SR) 14] - and [Au 17(SR) 10] - with Eight Electrons: Can They Support an Icosahedral Au 13 Core? J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3119-3125. [PMID: 38626761 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
A prototypical thiolate (RS)-protected gold cluster [Au25(SR)18]- has high stability due to specific geometric and electronic structures: an icosahedral (Ih) Au13 core with a closed electronic shell containing eight electrons is completely protected by six units of Au2(SR)3. Nevertheless, collisional excitation of [Au25(SR)18]- in a vacuum induces the sequential release of Au4(SR)4 to form [Au21(SR)14]- and [Au17(SR)10]- both containing eight electrons. To answer a naive question of whether these fragments bear an Ih Au13(8e) core, the geometrical structures of [Au21(SC3H7)14]- and [Au17(SC3H7)10]- in the gas phase were examined by the combination of anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculation of simplified models of [Au21(SCH3)14]- and [Au17(SCH3)10]-. We concluded that [Au21(SC3H7)14]- retains a slightly distorted Ih Au13(8e) core, while [Au17(SC3H7)10]- has an amorphous Au13 core composed of triangular Au3, tetrahedral Au4, and prolate Au7 units. DFT calculations on putative species [Au19(SCH3)12]- and [Au18(SCH3)11]- suggested that the Ih Au13(8e) core undergoes dramatic structural deformation due to mechanical stress from μ2 ligation of only one RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shun Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kiichirou Koyasu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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15
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Fukumoto Y, Omoda T, Hirai H, Takano S, Harano K, Tsukuda T. Diphosphine-Protected IrAu 12 Superatom with Open Site(s): Synthesis and Programmed Stepwise Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402025. [PMID: 38334176 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
One or two phenylacetylide (PA) ligand(s) were successfully removed from the IrAu12 superatomic core of [IrAu12(dppe)5(PA)2]+ (dppe=1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) by reaction with controlled amounts of tetrafluoroboric acid. Optical and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and density functional theory calculations revealed the formation of open Au site(s) on the IrAu12 core of [IrAu12(dppe)5(PA)1]2+ and [IrAu12(dppe)5]3+ with the remaining structure intact. Isocyanide was efficiently trapped at the open electrophilic site on [IrAu12(dppe)5(PA)1]2+, whereas a dimer or trimer of the IrAu12 superatoms was formed using diisocyanide as a linker. These results open the door to designed assembly of chemically modified metal superatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Fukumoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Omoda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Present address: Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, O-okayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Haru Hirai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Takano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Koji Harano
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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16
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Gao J, Zhou Y, Xu C, Cheng L. Superatomic Aromaticity in Cyclic Superatomic Molecules: Ligand-Protected Penta-Icosahedral [M@Au 11] 5 (M = Au, Pt) Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:2982-2988. [PMID: 38578691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Pure or doped gold icosahedra, which can be generally viewed as superatoms, are promising candidates for cluster-assembled structures. As the first large-scale ring-like gold cluster, the report of [Au60Se2(Ph3P)10(SeR)15]+ has arisen much interest, where its Au60 core is composed of five vertex-sharing gold icosahedra in a cyclic way. From electronic characters, this Au60 core is a 40e cyclic penta-superatom network formed by five 8e closed-shell superatoms (S2P6). When more valence electrons are introduced into the penta-superatom network by atomic doping, global delocalized bonds are induced in its bonding framework. In the 42e Au60 core of the [Au60Se2Cl15]- cluster, two extra electrons occupy one delocalized π-bonding orbital formed by super D orbitals of five superatoms, resulting in superatomic π aromaticity. In the 46e [Pt@Au11]5 core of [(Pt@Au11)5Ga2Cl15] cluster, three delocalized super-π bonds are formed, which are organized in the similar way as the aromatic C5H5- molecule. The unveiling of superatomic aromaticity promotes our understanding of the stability of cyclic superatom assemblies and extends the family of superatomic bonding patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Yichun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
| | - Longjiu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China
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17
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Albright EL, Levchenko TI, Kulkarni VK, Sullivan AI, DeJesus JF, Malola S, Takano S, Nambo M, Stamplecoskie K, Häkkinen H, Tsukuda T, Crudden CM. N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Stabilized Atomically Precise Metal Nanoclusters. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5759-5780. [PMID: 38373254 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
This perspective highlights advances in the preparation and understanding of metal nanoclusters stabilized by organic ligands with a focus on N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). We demonstrate the need for a clear understanding of the relationship between NHC properties and their resulting metal nanocluster structure and properties. We emphasize the importance of balancing nanocluster stability with the introduction of reactive sites for catalytic applications and the importance of a better understanding of how these clusters interact with their environments for effective use in biological applications. The impact of atom-scale simulations, development of atomic interaction potentials suitable for large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, and a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind synthetic methods and physical properties (e.g., the bright fluorescence displayed by many clusters) are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Albright
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Tetyana I Levchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Viveka K Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Angus I Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Joseph F DeJesus
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Sami Malola
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Shinjiro Takano
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masakazu Nambo
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kevin Stamplecoskie
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Hannu Häkkinen
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Cathleen M Crudden
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Chernoff Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Carbon to Metal Coating Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) Nagoya University Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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18
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Masuda S, Sakamoto K, Tsukuda T. Atomically precise Au and Ag nanoclusters doped with a single atom as model alloy catalysts. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:4514-4528. [PMID: 38294320 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05857c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Gold and silver nanoclusters (NCs) composed of <200 atoms are novel catalysts because their catalytic properties differ significantly from those of the corresponding bulk surface and can be dramatically tuned by the size (number of atoms). Doping with other metals is a promising approach for improving the catalytic performance of Au and Ag NCs. However, elucidation of the origin of the doping effects and optimization of the catalytic performance are hampered by the technical challenge of controlling the number and location of the dopants. In this regard, atomically precise Au or Ag (Au/Ag) NCs protected by ligands or polymers have recently emerged as an ideal platform because they allow regioselective substitution of single Au/Ag constituent atoms while retaining the size and morphology of the NC. Heterogeneous Au/Ag NC catalysts doped with a single atom can also be prepared by controlled calcination of ligand-protected NCs on solid supports. Comparison of thermal catalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis between the single-atom-doped and undoped Au/Ag NCs has revealed that the single-atom doping effect can be attributed to an electronic or geometric origin, depending on the dopant element and position. This minireview summarizes the recent progress of the synthesis and catalytic application of single-atom-doped, atomically precise Au/Ag NC catalysts and provides future prospects for the rational development of active and selective metal NC catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Masuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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19
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Xue D, Yang J, Chen Z, Gao Z, Zhi L, Li Y. Dual-Valence Characteristics of Be 11: Tin/Lead-like Superatom. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3477-3485. [PMID: 38315665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
To enhance the superatom family, the new superatom analogue Be11 of group IVA elements has been developed. Be11 can exhibit multiple valence states (+2 and +4), similar to carbon-group elements, and is capable of forming stable ionic compounds with other atoms such as carbon, chalcogen, (super)halogen, and hydroxyl. This resembles how tin and lead atoms combine with these elements to form stable molecules. Their special stability can be rationalized from the perspective of a cluster shell model. Sn or Pb could be the nearest atomic analogue to Be11 in group IVA, as the +2 oxidation state is more stable than the +4 oxidation state. This comparative investigation highlights the resemblance between Be11 and carbon-group elements, which encourages additional exploration within the superatom family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duomei Xue
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Jiaqian Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Zeren Chen
- College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Zhuqing Gao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Lifei Zhi
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, PR China
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20
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Mitsui M, Uchida A. Triplet properties and intersystem crossing mechanism of PtAg28 nanocluster sensitizers achieving low threshold and efficient photon upconversion. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3053-3060. [PMID: 38240331 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05992h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Ligand-protected metal nanoclusters have emerged as a promising platform for providing sensitizers for triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC). Herein, we report [PtAg28(BDT)12]4- (PtAg28; BDT = 1,3-benzenedithiolate) as a sensitizer enabling TTA-UC at low excitation intensities. PtAg28 exhibits a long-lived triplet state (approximately 7 μs) generated with a 100% intersystem crossing (ISC) quantum yield. The mechanism driving this efficient ISC was unveiled with the aid of theoretical calculations. Specifically, the S1-T1 ISC reveals a small spin-orbit coupling (SOC) matrix element, attributed to their similar electron configuration. In contrast, the T2 state, which is energetically close to S1, features a hole distribution derived from the Py superatomic orbital of the icosahedral Pt@Ag12 core. This distribution enables direct SOC based on the orbital angular momentum change from the S1 state with a Pz-derived hole distribution. Consequently, the efficient ISC was rationalized by the S1 → T2 → T1 pathway. The T1 state possesses a metal core-to-surface metal charge transfer character, facilitating triplet energy transfer and conferring superior sensitization ability. Leveraging these characteristics, the combination of PtAg28 sensitizer with a 9,10-diphenylanthracene annihilator/emitter attained an extremely low UC threshold of 0.81 mW cm-2 at 532 nm excitation, along with efficient green-to-blue TTA-UC with an internal quantum yield (ΦUCg) of 12.2% (50% maximum). This results in a pseudo-first-order TTA process with strong UC emission under 1-sun conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Mitsui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
| | - Atsuki Uchida
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
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21
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Liu Z, Luo L, Jin R. Visible to NIR-II Photoluminescence of Atomically Precise Gold Nanoclusters. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309073. [PMID: 37922431 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise gold nanoclusters (NCs) have emerged as a new class of precision materials and attracted wide interest in recent years. One of the unique properties of such nanoclusters pertains to their photoluminescence (PL), for it can widely span visible to near-infrared-I and -II wavelengths (NIR-I/II), and even beyond 1700 nm by manipulating the size, structure, and composition. The current research efforts focus on the structure-PL correlation and the development of strategies for raising the PL quantum yields, which is nontrivial when moving from the visible to the near-infrared wavelengths, especially in the NIR-II regions. This review summarizes the recent progress in the field, including i) the types of PL observed in gold NCs such as fluorescence, phosphorescence, and thermally activated delayed fluorescence, as well as dual emission; ii) some effective strategies that are devised to improve the PL quantum yield (QY) of gold NCs, such as heterometal doping, surface rigidification, and core phonon engineering, with double-digit QYs for the NIR PL on the horizons; and iii) the applications of luminescent gold NCs in bioimaging, photosensitization, and optoelectronics. Finally, the remaining challenges and opportunities for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Lianshun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
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22
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Li H, Wei X, Kang X, Zhu M. Effects of bromine-containing counterion salts in directing the structures of medium-sized silver nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1254-1259. [PMID: 38117189 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05464k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The preparation and structural determination of silver nanoclusters (especially the medium-sized Ag clusters) remain more challenging relative to those of their gold counterparts because of the comparative instability of the former. In this work, three medium-sized Ag clusters were controllably synthesized and structurally determined, namely, [Ag52(S-Adm)30Br4H20]2- (Ag52 for short), Ag54(S-Adm)30Br4H20 (Ag54 for short), and [Ag58(S-Adm)30Br4(NO3)2H22]2+ (Ag58 for short) nanoclusters. Specifically, the introduction of PPh4Br gave rise to the generation of Ag52 and Ag54 nanoclusters with homologous compositions and configurations, while the TOABr salt selected Ag58 as the sole cluster product, whose geometric structure was completely different from those of Ag52 and Ag54 nanoclusters. In addition, the optical absorptions and emissions of the three medium-sized silver nanoclusters were compared. The findings in this work not only provide three uniquely medium-sized nanoclusters to enrich the silver cluster family but also point out a new approach (i.e., changing the counterion salt) for the preparation of new nanoclusters with novel structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoqi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Xiao Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
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23
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Hu Y, Zhang Q, Zhou J, Guo S, Xu J, Zheng H, Yang Y. Supramolecularly Dimeric Assemble of Planar Cu 13 Clusters Controlled by the Length of Spacers of Diphosphine. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21091-21100. [PMID: 38079613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The controlled formation of dimeric clusters is challenging. Three copper(I) clusters, labeled as {Cu13[o-Ph(C≡C)2]6(L)4}(ClO4), were synthesized by using three different ligands, including 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb), 1,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane (dpppe), and bis(diphenylphosphino)hexane (dpph). By increasing the flexibility of alkyl spacers in the diphosphine ligands, the relative positions of the phenyl rings could be optimized to achieve efficient packing with maximized intercluster interactions. In the crystal structures, cluster 1 with dppb ligands did not display interlocked structures. In contrast, cluster 2 with dpppe ligands formed supramolecularly interlocked polymers through weak π-π interactions and C-H···π interactions, while cluster 3 employing dpph ligands formed supramolecularly interlocked dimers with strong π-π interactions and C-H···π interactions. The supramolecular dimer of 3 was also evidenced by analyses through electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscopy. Density functional theory calculation was used to understand the electronic structure and transitions. Supramolecularly interlocked polymers/dimers with rigid structures exhibited higher quantum efficiency. The solution of these clusters demonstrated remarkable aggregation-induced emission enhancements. This study presents unique examples of planar luminescent copper clusters, featuring the first serial dialkynyl-protected cluster. It underlines the importance of ligand flexibility in creating supramolecular cluster dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Hu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Shan Guo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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24
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Yang S, Fu Y, Tian Y, Zhao L, Wang X, Li B. Design and oxidative desulfurization of Ag/Ti heterometallic clusters based on Hard-Soft Acid-Base principle. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17792-17796. [PMID: 37969004 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02387g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Hard-Soft Acid-Base (HSAB) principle plays an important guiding role in the design and synthesis of novel clusters and coordination compounds, in which "soft acids prefer to react with soft bases, while hard acids have an affinity for hard bases". Based on HSAB principle, four Ag/Ti heterometallic clusters, including Ag2Ti10, Ag2Ti11 with "Ti-encapsulated Ag" configurations, and two "Ag-encapsulated Ti" structures Ag2Ti2 and Ag2Ti12, were synthesized under solvothermal conditions. In addition, Ag2Ti12 exhibited an efficient and stable catalytic activity for sulfide oxidation. This work provides not only a new structural model for the modulation of the catalytic oxidative desulfurization properties of Ag/Ti heterometallic clusters but also a new insight of the utilization of phosphine-containing ligands to regulate the structure of Ag/Ti heterometallic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Yaomei Fu
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - Yiran Tian
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- Changchun Baoli Science and Technology Co., Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Xinlong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Baoli Li
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
- Changchun Baoli Science and Technology Co., Changchun, 130024, China
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25
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Scott AG, Galico DA, Bogacz I, Oyala PH, Yano J, Suturina EA, Murugesu M, Agapie T. High-Spin and Reactive Fe 13 Cluster with Exposed Metal Sites. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313880. [PMID: 37871234 PMCID: PMC10962695 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Atomically defined large metal clusters have applications in new reaction development and preparation of materials with tailored properties. Expanding the synthetic toolbox for reactive high nuclearity metal complexes, we report a new class of Fe clusters, Tp*4 W4 Fe13 S12 , displaying a Fe13 core with M-M bonds that has precedent only in main group and late metal chemistry. M13 clusters with closed shell electron configurations can show significant stability and have been classified as superatoms. In contrast, Tp*4 W4 Fe13 S12 displays a large spin ground state of S=13. This compound performs small molecule activations involving the transfer of up to 12 electrons resulting in significant cluster rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna G. Scott
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Diogo Alves Galico
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1 N6 N5 (Canada)
| | - Isabel Bogacz
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | - Paul H. Oyala
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
| | | | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1 N6 N5 (Canada)
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (USA)
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26
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Yang N, Kang Y, Cong Y, Wang X, Yao C, Wang S, Li L. Controllable Gold Nanocluster-Emulsion Interface for Direct Cell Penetration and Photothermal Killing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208349. [PMID: 36271742 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the view of their ability to be uptaken by cells, colloidal particles can exert diverse physiological effects and are promising vehicles for the intracellular delivery of biologically active substances. Given that the modulation of biomaterial interfaces greatly facilitates the prediction and control of the corresponding cellular responses, the interfacial behavior of hydrophobic dye-modified gold (Au) nanoclusters (Au NCs) is rationally designed to develop Au NC-containing emulsions and control their biointerfacial interactions with cell membranes. The observed biological performance is indicative of a physical penetration mechanism. The amphiphilic Au NCs decrease the interfacial energy of two immiscible liquids and hinder droplet coalescence to facilitate the formation of emulsions thermodynamically stabilized by dipole-dipole and hydrophobic interactions. Moreover, the amphiphilic Au NCs are localized on the emulsion droplet surface and form segregated interfacial microdomains that adapt to the membrane structure and facilitate the traverse of the emulsions across the cell membrane via direct penetration. Fast penetration coupled with excellent photophysical performance endows the emulsions with multifluorescence tracing and efficient photothermal killing capabilities. The successful change of the interaction mode between NCs and biological objects and the provision of a universal formulation to modulate biointerfacial interactions are expected to inspire new bioapplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yuetong Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Cong
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Chuang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Extraordinary Bond Engineering and Advanced Materials Technology (EBEAM) Chongqing, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lidong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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27
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Yoshida K, Arima D, Mitsui M. Dissecting the Triplet-State Properties and Intersystem Crossing Mechanism of the Ligand-Protected Au 13 Superatom. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:10967-10973. [PMID: 38038710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Icosahedral Au13 nanoclusters are among the most typical superatoms and are of great interest as promising building blocks for nanocluster-assembled materials. Herein, the key parameters involved in the intersystem crossing (ISC) process of [Au13(dppe)5Cl2]3+ (Au13; dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) were characterized. Quenching experiments using aromatic compounds revealed that the T1 energy of Au13 is 1.63 eV. An integrative interpretation of our experimental results and the relevant literature uncovered important facts concerning the Au13 superatom: the ISC quantum yield is unity due to the ultrafast ISC (∼1012 s-1), the lowest absorption band includes contributions of direct singlet-triplet transitions, and there exists a large S1-T1 gap of 0.73 eV. To explain the efficient ISC, the El-Sayed rule was applied to the superatomic orbitals corresponding to the excited-state hole/electron distributions obtained from theoretical calculations. The strong spin-orbit coupling between the S1 and T2-T4 states offers a reasonable explanation for the ultrafast ISC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouta Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Daichi Arima
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mitsui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
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28
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Chen Z, Sun F, Tang Q. Thermal Stability and Electronic Properties of N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Protected Au 13 Nanocluster and Phosphine-Protected Analogues. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10648-10656. [PMID: 38031664 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in manufacturing atomically precise gold nanoclusters protected by various ligands, there is a limited understanding of the thermal stability dynamics and electronic properties of ligand effects. We conducted ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations on the well-characterized [Au13(NHCMe)9Cl3]2+ nanocluster and its counterpart [Au13(PMe3)9Cl3]2+ cluster to evaluate the thermal stability induced by N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and phosphine ligands. The result shows that under vacuum conditions, [Au13(PMe3)9Cl3]2+ is more stable than [Au13(NHCMe)9Cl3]2+, and both lead to metal nucleation decomposition, breaking into the Au12 fragment and L-Au-Cl (L = NHCMe or PMe3) complexes eventually. The optical and electronic properties of these two clusters change significantly due to ligand alteration. Furthermore, we have designed a novel [Au13(NHCMe)(PMe3)8Cl3]2+ cluster coprotected by NHC and phosphine ligands, displaying higher thermal stability than the homoligand protected [Au13(NHCMe)9Cl3]2+ and [Au13(PMe3)9Cl3]2+. Our hypothetical species are an interesting model for nanostructured materials, facilitating the experimental exploration of cluster synthesis and catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Fang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
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29
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Horita Y, Hossain S, Ishimi M, Zhao P, Sera M, Kawawaki T, Takano S, Niihori Y, Nakamura T, Tsukuda T, Ehara M, Negishi Y. Clarifying the Electronic Structure of Anion-Templated Silver Nanoclusters by Optical Absorption Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23533-23540. [PMID: 37862604 PMCID: PMC10623570 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Electronic structures of anion-templated silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) are not well understood compared to conventional, template-free Ag NCs. In this study, we synthesized three new anion-templated Ag NCs, namely [S@Ag17(S-4CBM)15(PPh3)5]0, [S@Ag18(S-4CBM)16(PPh3)8]0, and [Cl@Ag18(S-4CBM)16(PPh3)8][PPh4], where S-4CBM = 4-chlorobenzene methanethiolate, and single-crystal X-ray crystallography revealed that they have S@Ag6, S@Ag10, and Cl@Ag10 cores, respectively. Investigation of their electronic structures by optical spectroscopy and theoretical calculations elucidated the following unique features: (1) their electronic structures are different from those of template-free Ag NCs described by the superatomic concept; (2) optical absorption in the range of 550-400 nm for S2--templated Ag NCs is attributed to the charge transitions from S2--templated Ag-cage orbitals to the s-shaped orbital in the S2- moiety; (3) the Cl--templated Ag NCs can be viewed as [Cl@Ag18(S-4CBM)16(PPh3)8]0[PPh4]0 rather than the ion pair [Cl@Ag18(S-4CBM)16(PPh3)8]-[PPh4]+; and (4) singlet-coupled singly occupied orbitals are involved in the optical absorption of the Cl--templated Ag NC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Horita
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Research
Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Mai Ishimi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Pei Zhao
- Institute
for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Miyu Sera
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Research
Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Takano
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Niihori
- Research
Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ehara
- Institute
for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
- Research
Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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30
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Zou X, Kang X, Zhu M. Recent developments in the investigation of driving forces for transforming coinage metal nanoclusters. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:5892-5967. [PMID: 37577838 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00876a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters serve as an emerging class of modular nanomaterials. The transformation of metal nanoclusters has been fully reflected in their studies from every aspect, including the structural evolution analysis, physicochemical property regulation, and practical application promotion. In this review, we highlight the driving forces for transforming atomically precise metal nanoclusters and summarize the related transforming principles and fundamentals. Several driving forces for transforming nanoclusters are meticulously reviewed herein: ligand-exchange-induced transformations, metal-exchange-induced transformations, intercluster reactions, photochemical transformations, oxidation/reduction-induced transformations, and other factors (intrinsic instability, pH, temperature, and metal salts) triggering transformations. The exploitation of transforming principles to customize the preparations, structures, physicochemical properties, and practical applications of metal nanoclusters is also disclosed. At the end of this review, we provide our perspectives and highlight the challenges remaining for future research on the transformation of metal nanoclusters. Our intended audience is the broader scientific community interested in metal nanoclusters, and we believe that this review will provide researchers with a comprehensive synthetic toolbox and insights on the research fundamentals needed to realize more cluster-based nanomaterials with customized compositions, structures, and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Zou
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Xi Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
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31
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Wang M, Li S, Chen H, Sun X, Sun J, Jia Y, Guo S, Sun C, Shen H. DppfCuBH 4: new reducing agents for the synthesis of ferrocene-functionalized metal nanoclusters. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37449919 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01461d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of atomically precise metal nanoclusters, especially those decorated with functional groups, is the prerequisite for finding applications in special fields and studying structure-and-property relationships. The exploration of simple and efficient synthetic prototypes for introducing functional ligands (such as ferrocene) into cluster moieties is thus of high interest. In this work, a type of reducing agent of dppfCuBH4 (dppf is 1,1'-bis(diphenyphosphino)ferrocene) is introduced for the first time to prepare ferrocene-functionalized metal nanoclusters. Two new clusters of [Ag25Cu4(dppf)6(3-F-PhCC)12Cl6]3+ (1) and [Ag4(dppf)5Cl2]2+ (2) have been obtained from the simple synthetic method. The two compounds have been fully characterized by advanced techniques of electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The total structure of the clusters, as determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, describes the Ag13@Ag12Cu4(dppf)6(3-F-PhCC)12Cl6 core-shell structure of 1 and [Ag2Cl(dppf)2]+-dppf-[Ag2Cl(dppf)2]+ polymeric structure of 2. This work opens the door to employing dppfCuBH4 as a functional reducing agent to discover many underlying metal nanoclusters and even other nanomaterials which feature ferrocene-groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Simin Li
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Huijun Chen
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuzhou University, Guangxi, 543000, China
| | - Xueli Sun
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Yanyuan Jia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Shuo Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Cunfa Sun
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Hui Shen
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
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32
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Yu JH, Yuan ZR, Xu J, Wang JG, Azam M, Li TD, Li YZ, Sun D. Monoarsine-protected icosahedral cluster [Au 13(AsPh 3) 8Cl 4] +: comparative studies on ligand effect and surface reactivity with its stibine analogue. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6564-6571. [PMID: 37350827 PMCID: PMC10283507 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01311a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ligand shells of gold nanoclusters play important roles in regulating their molecular and electronic structures. However, the similar but distinct impacts of the homologous analogues of the protecting ligands remain elusive. The C2v symmetric monoarsine-protected cluster [Au13(AsPh3)8Cl4]+ (Au13As8) was facilely prepared by direct reduction of (Ph3As)AuCl with NaBH4. This cluster is isostructural with its previously reported stibine analogue [Au13(SbPh3)8Cl4]+ (Au13Sb8), enabling a comparative study between them. Au13As8 exhibits a blue-shifted electronic absorption band, and this is probably related to the stronger π-back donation interactions between the Au13 core and AsPh3 ligands, which destabilize its superatomic 1P and 1D orbitals. In comparison to the thermodynamically less stable Au13Sb8, Au13As8 achieves a better trade-off between catalytic stability and activity, as demonstrated by its excellent catalytic performance towards the aldehyde-alkyne-amine (A3) coupling reaction. Moreover, the ligand exchange reactions between Au13As8 with phosphines, as exemplified by PPh3 and Ph2P(CH2)2PPh2, suggest that Au13As8 may be a good precursor cluster for further cluster preparation through the "cluster-to-cluster" route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Hong Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Ji'nan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Rui Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Ji'nan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Ji'nan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Jin-Gui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Ji'nan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Mohammad Azam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Tian-Duo Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Ji'nan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Ying-Zhou Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Ji'nan 250353 P. R. China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University Ji'nan 250100 P. R. China
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33
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Yonesato K, Yanai D, Yamazoe S, Yokogawa D, Kikuchi T, Yamaguchi K, Suzuki K. Surface-exposed silver nanoclusters inside molecular metal oxide cavities. Nat Chem 2023:10.1038/s41557-023-01234-w. [PMID: 37291453 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01234-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The surfaces of metal nanoclusters, including their interface with metal oxides, exhibit a high reactivity that is attractive for practical purposes. This high reactivity, however, has also hindered the synthesis of structurally well-defined hybrids of metal nanoclusters and metal oxides with exposed surfaces and/or interfaces. Here we report the sequential synthesis of structurally well-defined {Ag30} nanoclusters in the cavity of ring-shaped molecular metal oxides known as polyoxometalates. The {Ag30} nanoclusters possess exposed silver surfaces yet are stabilized both in solution and the solid state by the surrounding ring-shaped polyoxometalate species. The clusters underwent a redox-induced structural transformation without undesirable agglomeration or decomposition. Furthermore, {Ag30} nanoclusters showed high catalytic activity for the selective reduction of several organic functional groups using H2 under mild reaction conditions. We believe that these findings will serve for the discrete synthesis of surface-exposed metal nanoclusters stabilized by molecular metal oxides, which may in turn find applications in, for example, the fields of catalysis and energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yonesato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Yanai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamazoe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yokogawa
- Graduate School of Arts and Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kazuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Japan.
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34
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Horita Y, Ishimi M, Negishi Y. Anion-templated silver nanoclusters: precise synthesis and geometric structure. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2023; 24:2203832. [PMID: 37251258 PMCID: PMC10215029 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2023.2203832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters (NCs) are gaining much attention in nanoscale materials research because they exhibit size-specific physicochemical properties that are not observed in the corresponding bulk metals. Among them, silver (Ag) NCs can be precisely synthesized not only as pure Ag NCs but also as anion-templated Ag NCs. For anion-templated Ag NCs, we can expect the following capabilities: 1) size and shape control by regulating the central anion (anion template); 2) stabilization by adjusting the charge interaction between the central anion and surrounding Ag atoms; and 3) functionalization by selecting the type of central anion. In this review, we summarize the synthesis methods and influences of the central anion on the geometric structure of anion-templated Ag NCs, which include halide ions, chalcogenide ions, oxoanions, polyoxometalate, or hydride/deuteride as the central anion. This summary provides a reference for the current state of anion-templated Ag NCs, which may promote the development of anion-templated Ag NCs with novel geometric structures and physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Horita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Mai Ishimi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
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35
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Yang G, Wang Z, Du F, Jiang F, Yuan X, Ying JY. Ultrasmall Coinage Metal Nanoclusters as Promising Theranostic Probes for Biomedical Applications. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37200506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasmall coinage metal nanoclusters (NCs, <3 nm) have emerged as a novel class of theranostic probes due to their atomically precise size and engineered physicochemical properties. The rapid advances in the design and applications of metal NC-based theranostic probes are made possible by the atomic-level engineering of metal NCs. This Perspective article examines (i) how the functions of metal NCs are engineered for theranostic applications, (ii) how a metal NC-based theranostic probe is designed and how its physicochemical properties affect the theranostic performance, and (iii) how metal NCs are used to diagnose and treat various diseases. We first summarize the tailored properties of metal NCs for theranostic applications in terms of biocompatibility and tumor targeting. We focus our discussion on the theranostic applications of metal NCs in bioimaging-directed disease diagnosis, photoinduced disease therapy, nanomedicine, drug delivery, and optical urinalysis. Lastly, an outlook on the challenges and opportunities in the future development of metal NCs for theranostic applications is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Ziping Wang
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, P. R. China
| | - Fanglin Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Fuyi Jiang
- School of Environment and Material Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, P. R. China
| | - Xun Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jackie Y Ying
- NanoBio Lab, Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
- NanoBio Lab, A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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36
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Artem'ev AV, Liu CW. Recent progress in dichalcophosphate coinage metal clusters and superatoms. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37184074 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01215h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Atomically precise clusters of group 11 metals (Cu, Ag, and Au) attract considerable attention owing to their remarkable structure and fascinating properties. One of the unique subclasses of these clusters is based on dichalcophosphate ligands of [(RO)2PE2]- type (E = S or Se, and R = alkyl). These ligands successfully stabilise the most diverse Cu, Ag, and Au clusters and superatoms, spanning from simple ones to amazing assemblies featuring unusual structural and bonding patterns. It is noteworthy that such complicated clusters are assembled directly from cheap and simple reagents, metal(I) salts and dichalcophosphate anions. This reaction, when performed in the presence of a hydride or other anion sources, or foreign metal ions, results in hydrido- or anion-templated homo- or heteronuclear structures. In this feature article, we survey the recent advances in this exciting field, highlighting the powerful synthetic capabilities of the system "a metal(I) salt - [(RO)2PX2]- ligands - a templating anion or borohydride" as an inexhaustible platform for the creation of new atomically precise clusters, superatoms, and nanoalloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Artem'ev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, SB RAS, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - C W Liu
- National Dong Hwa University, Department of Chemistry, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd. Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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37
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Bootharaju MS, Lee CW, Deng G, Kim H, Lee K, Lee S, Chang H, Lee S, Sung YE, Yoo JS, Zheng N, Hyeon T. Atom-Precise Heteroatom Core-Tailoring of Nanoclusters for Enhanced Solar Hydrogen Generation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207765. [PMID: 36773328 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
While core-shell nanomaterials are highly desirable for realizing enhanced optical and catalytic properties, their synthesis with atomic-level control is challenging. Here, the synthesis and crystal structure of [Au12 Ag32 (SePh)30 ]4- , the first example of selenolated Au-Ag core-shell nanoclusters, comprising a gold icosahedron core trapped in a silver dodecahedron, which is protected by an Ag12 (SePh)30 shell, is presented. The gold core strongly modifies the overall electronic structure and induces synergistic effects, resulting in high enhancements in the stability and near-infrared-II photoluminescence. The Au12 Ag32 and its homometal analog Ag44 , show strong interactions with oxygen vacancies of TiO2 , facilitating the interfacial charge transfer for photocatalysis. Indeed, the Au12 Ag32 /TiO2 exhibits remarkable solar H2 production (6810 µmol g-1 h-1 ), which is ≈6.2 and ≈37.8 times higher than that of Ag44 /TiO2 and TiO2 , respectively. Good stability and recyclability with minimal catalytic activity loss are additional features of Au12 Ag32 /TiO2 . The experimental and computational results reveal that the Au12 Ag32 acts as an efficient cocatalyst by possessing a favorable electronic structure that aligns well with the TiO2 bands for the enhanced separation of photoinduced charge carriers due to the relatively negatively charged Au12 core. These atomistic insights will motivate uncovering of the structure-catalytic activity relationships of other nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megalamane Siddaramappa Bootharaju
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Guocheng Deng
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hyeseung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangjae Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hogeun Chang
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongbeom Lee
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Eun Sung
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Suk Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Nanfeng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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38
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Jia T, Guan ZJ, Zhang C, Zhu XZ, Chen YX, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Sun D. Eight-Electron Superatomic Cu 31 Nanocluster with Chiral Kernel and NIR-II Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10355-10363. [PMID: 37104621 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the inherent instability caused by the low Cu(I)/Cu(0) half-cell reduction potential, Cu(0)-containing copper nanoclusters are quite uncommon in comparison to their Ag and Au congeners. Here, a novel eight-electron superatomic copper nanocluster [Cu31(4-MeO-PhC≡C)21(dppe)3](ClO4)2 (Cu31, dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) is presented with total structural characterization. The structural determination reveals that Cu31 features an inherent chiral metal core arising from the helical arrangement of two sets of three Cu2 units encircling the icosahedral Cu13 core, which is further shielded by 4-MeO-PhC≡C- and dppe ligands. Cu31 is the first copper nanocluster carrying eight free electrons, which is further corroborated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. Interestingly, Cu31 demonstrates the first near-infrared (750-950 nm, NIR-I) window absorption and the second near-infrared (1000-1700 nm, NIR-II) window emission, which is exceptional in the copper nanocluster family and endows it with great potential in biological applications. Of note, the 4-methoxy groups providing close contacts with neighboring clusters are crucial for the cluster formation and crystallization, while 2-methoxyphenylacetylene leads only to copper hydride clusters, Cu6H or Cu32H14. This research not only showcases a new member of copper superatoms but also exemplifies that copper nanoclusters, which are nonluminous in the visible range may emit luminescence in the deep NIR region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jia
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengkai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China
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39
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Ishii W, Okayasu Y, Kobayashi Y, Tanaka R, Katao S, Nishikawa Y, Kawai T, Nakashima T. Excited State Engineering in Ag 29 Nanocluster through Peripheral Modification with Silver(I) Complexes for Bright Near-Infrared Photoluminescence. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11236-11244. [PMID: 37126432 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The optical property of an ionic metal nanocluster (NC) is affected by the ionic interaction with counter ions. Here, we report that the modification of trianionic [Ag29(BDT)12(TPP)4]3- NC (BDT: 1.3-benzenedithiol; TPP: triphenylphosphine) with silver(I) complexes led to the intense photoluminescence (PL) in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The binding of silver(I) complexes to the peripheral region of Ag29 NC is confirmed by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) measurement, which is further supported by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The change of excited-state dynamics by the binding of silver(I) complexes is discussed based on the results of a transient absorption study as well as temperature-dependent PL spectra and PL lifetime measurements. The modification of Ag29 NCs with cationic silver(I) complexes is considered to give rise to a triplet excited state responsible for the intense NIR PL. These findings also afford important insights into the origin of the PL mechanism as well as the possible light-driven motion in Ag29-based NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Ishii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okayasu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Japan
| | - Rika Tanaka
- X-ray Crystal Analysis Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Shohei Katao
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nishikawa
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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40
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Zhao H, You Q, Zhu W, Li J, Deng H, Li MB, Zhao Y, Wu Z. Nanoclusterzyme for Dual Colorimetric Sensings: A Case Study on [Au 14 (Dppp) 5 I 4 ] 2. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207936. [PMID: 37060229 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The enzymatic activity of atomically precise metal nanoclusters has recently been recognized; however, the number of nanoclusterzymes is very small. Besides, the applications of nanoclusterzyme wait to be explored. Herein, a novel nanoclusterzyme is synthesized and its structure is majorly resolved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and mass spectrometry, which reveal that the nanocluster consists of an Au13 icosahedron capped by an exterior shell including four I, three Dppp (1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino) propane) ligands, and a rarely reported Dppp-Au-Dppp handle staple, which contributes a lot to the enzyme activity of [Au14 (Dppp)5 I4 ]2+ nanocluster. The as-obtained nanocluster can catalyze oxygen to O2 •- under visible light irradiation with a specific activity up to 0.182 U·mg-1 and lead to the blue color of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in both solution and solid states. With the addition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the blue color of (Au14 + TMB) solution system disappears due to the nanoclusterzyme activity inhibition, but the further addition of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) into the above mixture can restore the nanoclusterzyme and recover the blue color. Based on the color turn-off and on, the various nanoclusterzyme-containing systems are used to colorimetrically sense AChE and OPs with the detection limits reaching 0.04 mU·mL-1 and 0.02 ng·mL-1 , respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zhao
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Qing You
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Wanli Zhu
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Man-Bo Li
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Wu
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, P. R. China
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41
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Liao JH, Chiu TH, Liang H, Kahlal S, Saillard JY, Liu CW. Galvanic replacement-induced introduction of a heteroligand into bimetallic and trimetallic nanoclusters. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6121-6125. [PMID: 36919780 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00509g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Heteroleptic 8-electron silver-rich alloy nanoclusters, [Au@Au4Ag12(dtp)7(PPh3)4]2+ (1) and [Pt@Au4Ag11(dtp)7(PPh3)4] (2), were successfully synthesized via a galvanic replacement reaction of 1,1-dithiolate-protected M@Ag20 (M = Au and Pt) nanoclusters with Au(I)-phosphine salts, leading to the alteration of the cluster nuclearity and geometry of shell skeletons but retaining the same 8-electron count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hong Liao
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Tzu-Hao Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Hao Liang
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Samia Kahlal
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | | | - C W Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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42
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Miyajima S, Hossain S, Ikeda A, Kosaka T, Kawawaki T, Niihori Y, Iwasa T, Taketsugu T, Negishi Y. Key factors for connecting silver-based icosahedral superatoms by vertex sharing. Commun Chem 2023; 6:57. [PMID: 36977829 PMCID: PMC10050180 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00854-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters composed of noble elements such as gold (Au) or silver (Ag) are regarded as superatoms. In recent years, the understanding of the materials composed of superatoms, which are often called superatomic molecules, has gradually progressed for Au-based materials. However, there is still little information on Ag-based superatomic molecules. In the present study, we synthesise two di-superatomic molecules with Ag as the main constituent element and reveal the three essential conditions for the formation and isolation of a superatomic molecule comprising two Ag13-xMx structures (M = Ag or other metal; x = number of M) connected by vertex sharing. The effects of the central atom and the type of bridging halogen on the electronic structure of the resulting superatomic molecule are also clarified in detail. These findings are expected to provide clear design guidelines for the creation of superatomic molecules with various properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Miyajima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Sakiat Hossain
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.
| | - Ayaka Ikeda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Taiga Kosaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Tokuhisa Kawawaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Niihori
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.
- WPI-ICReDD, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
- WPI-ICReDD, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Yuichi Negishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.
- Research Institute for Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.
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43
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Liu L, Corma A. Bimetallic Sites for Catalysis: From Binuclear Metal Sites to Bimetallic Nanoclusters and Nanoparticles. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4855-4933. [PMID: 36971499 PMCID: PMC10141355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous bimetallic catalysts have broad applications in industrial processes, but achieving a fundamental understanding on the nature of the active sites in bimetallic catalysts at the atomic and molecular level is very challenging due to the structural complexity of the bimetallic catalysts. Comparing the structural features and the catalytic performances of different bimetallic entities will favor the formation of a unified understanding of the structure-reactivity relationships in heterogeneous bimetallic catalysts and thereby facilitate the upgrading of the current bimetallic catalysts. In this review, we will discuss the geometric and electronic structures of three representative types of bimetallic catalysts (bimetallic binuclear sites, bimetallic nanoclusters, and nanoparticles) and then summarize the synthesis methodologies and characterization techniques for different bimetallic entities, with emphasis on the recent progress made in the past decade. The catalytic applications of supported bimetallic binuclear sites, bimetallic nanoclusters, and nanoparticles for a series of important reactions are discussed. Finally, we will discuss the future research directions of catalysis based on supported bimetallic catalysts and, more generally, the prospective developments of heterogeneous catalysis in both fundamental research and practical applications.
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44
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Sun J, Tang X, Tang J, Zhang Y, Li Z, Chaolumen, Guo S, Shen H. Simple Approach toward N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Protected Gold Nanoclusters. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:5088-5094. [PMID: 36947487 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Little advance has been made toward developing alternative bottom-up synthetic strategies for N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-stabilized gold nanoclusters, although this unique class of nanomaterials has exhibited exciting properties. We report in this work a simple and straightforward approach toward NHC-ligated gold nanoclusters by using imidazolium salts rather than free carbenes or NHC-coordinated gold complexes (NHC-Au-X, X is counterions) as precursors. Illustrated here is a one-pot and one-step preparation of an NHC-stabilized Au13Br4 cluster that features a distinct molecular formula, surface motifs, and assembling modes via chemical reduction of dpaAu, NaOMe, and FNHCBn·HBr by NaBH4 (Hdpa is dipyridylamine; FNHCBn·HBr is 1,3-dibenzyl-5,6-difluoro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-3-ium bromide). In situ UV-vis and NMR studies have elucidated the base-assisted formation of NHCs from imidazolium salts for the protection of the metal core. This work not only reports a new NHC-ligated superatom that completes the Au13 library, thus facilitating structure-property studies, but also opens the door to explore underlying analogues in a facile and reasonable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Xiongkai Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiaqi Tang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zilin Li
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Chaolumen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Shuo Guo
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Fine Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Hui Shen
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
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45
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Han Z, Si Y, Dong XY, Hu JH, Zhang C, Zhao XH, Yuan JW, Wang Y, Zang SQ. Smart Reversible Transformations between Chiral Superstructures of Copper Clusters for Optical and Chiroptical Switching. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6166-6176. [PMID: 36912642 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Superstructures made from nanoscale clusters with new collective properties are promising in high-tech applications; however, chiral superstructures remain elusive, and the limited intercluster coupling effect at room temperature hampers the tailoring of collective properties. Here, we show that from chiral monomeric copper clusters to two enantiomeric pairs of supercrystals with distinct phases, the absorption band edge red-shifts by over 1.3 eV, with photoluminescence and circularly polarized phosphorescence from visible (572 nm) to near-infrared (NIR, 858 nm). These supercrystals with high NIR quantum yields of up to 45% at room temperature are prototyped for night-vision imaging. In response to solvent and temperature stimuli, chiral supercrystal-to-supercrystal transformations occurred, concomitant with high-contrast optical/chiroptical switching. In situ single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), steady-state and time-resolved optical spectroscopy, and response experiments combined with theoretical calculations demonstrate that distance-sensitive intercluster orbital interactions contribute to the exceptional collective optical responses. Such chiral supercrystals built from subnanoscale metal clusters with novel collective chiroptical responses would be useful in the fields of information storage and NIR optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Han
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yubing Si
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xi-Yan Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Jia-Hua Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xuan-Hui Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jia-Wang Yuan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Molecular Functional Materials, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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46
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Arima D, Mitsui M. Structurally Flexible Au-Cu Alloy Nanoclusters Enabling Efficient Triplet Sensitization and Photon Upconversion. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6994-7004. [PMID: 36939572 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Ligand-protected noble-metal nanoclusters exhibit an innately triplet nature and have been recently recognized as emerging platforms for triplet sensitizers of photon upconversion (UC) via triplet-triplet annihilation. Herein, we report that a structurally flexible Au-Cu alloy nanocluster, [Au4Cu4(S-Adm)5(DPPM)2]+ (Au4Cu4; S-Adm = 1-adamantanethiolate, DPPM = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane), exhibited favorable sensitizer properties and superior UC performance. Contrary to the structurally rigid Au2Cu6(S-Adm)6(TPP)2 (Au2Cu6, TPP = triphenylphosphine), Au4Cu4 exhibited significantly better sensitizer characteristics, such as a near-unity quantum yield for intersystem crossing (ISC), long triplet lifetime (ca. 8 μs), and efficient triplet energy transfer (TET). The efficient ISC of Au4Cu4 was attributed to the practically negligible activation barriers during the ISC process, which was caused by the spin-orbit interaction between the two isoenergetic isomers predicted by theoretical calculations. A series of aromatic molecules with different triplet energies were used as acceptors to reveal the driving force dependence of the TET rate constant (kTET). This dependency was analyzed to evaluate the triplet energy and sensitization ability of the alloy nanoclusters. The results showed that the maximum value of kTET for Au4Cu4 was seven times larger than that for Au2Cu6, which presumably reflects the structural/electronic fluctuations of Au4Cu4 during the triplet state residence. The combination of the Au4Cu4 sensitizer and the 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA) annihilator/emitter achieved UC with internal quantum yields of 14% (out of 50% maximum) and extremely low threshold intensities (2-26 mWcm-2). This performance far exceeds that of Au2Cu6 and is also outstanding among the organic-inorganic hybrid nanomaterials reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Arima
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Masaaki Mitsui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1, Nishiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
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47
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Zuo Z, Pan X, Yang G, Zhang Y, Liu X, Zha J, Yuan X. Cu(I) complexes with aggregation-induced emission for enhanced photodynamic antibacterial application. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2942-2947. [PMID: 36847279 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00333g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
This communication reports the design of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-featured PEG-condensed Cu(I)-p-MBA aggregates (PCuA). Benefiting from the AIE trait and intrinsic antibacterial property of Cu species, the as-developed PCuA exhibits enhanced photodynamic antibacterial activities against broad-spectrum bacteria, providing a paradigm in the design of novel antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang Zuo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST), 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Shibei District, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
| | - Xinxin Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST), 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Shibei District, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
| | - Ge Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST), 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Shibei District, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
| | - Yuemin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST), 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Shibei District, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
| | - Xingwen Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST), 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Shibei District, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
| | - Jinrun Zha
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST), 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Shibei District, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
| | - Xun Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (QUST), 53 Zhengzhou Rd., Shibei District, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
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48
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Abad JM, Pita M, De Lacey AL. Single-Electron Charging of Thioctic Acid Monolayer-Protected Gold Clusters. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1452-1456. [PMID: 36735627 PMCID: PMC9940197 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There is great interest in the use of Monolayer-Protected Gold Clusters (AuMPCs) as nanoscale capacitors in aqueous media for nanobiotechnological applications, such as bioelectrocatalysts, biofuel cells, and biosensors. However, AuMPCs exhibiting subattofarad double-layer capacitance at room temperature, and the resolution of single-electron charging, has been mainly obtained in an organic medium with nonfunctional capping ligands. We report here the synthesis of Thioctic Acid Monolayer-Protected Au Clusters (TA-AuMPCs) showing electrochemical single electron quantized capacitance charging in organic and aqueous solutions and when immobilized onto different self-assembled monolayer-modified gold electrodes. The presence of functional carboxylic groups opens a simple strategy for interfacing a nanoparticle assembly to biomolecules for their use as electron donors or acceptors in biological electron transfer reactions.
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49
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li Z, Qin Z, Sharma S, Li G. Atomically precise copper dopants in metal clusters boost up stability, fluorescence, and photocatalytic activity. Commun Chem 2023; 6:24. [PMID: 36755056 PMCID: PMC9908894 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The structurally precise alloy nanoclusters have been emerged as a burgeoning nanomaterial for their unique physical/chemical features. We here report a rod-like nanocluster [Au12Cu13(PPh3)10I7](SbF6)2 (Au12Cu13), which was generated through a transformation of a [Au9(PPh3)8]3+ intermediate in the presence of CuI, unveiled by time-dependent UV-vis spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction. Au12Cu13 is comprised of two pentagonal bipyramids Au6Cu units and a pentagonal prism Cu11 unit, where the copper and gold species are presented in +1 and 0 chemical states. The Cu-dopants significantly improved the stability and fluorescence (quantum yield: ~34%, 34-folds of homo-Au25(PPh3)10Br7). The high stability of Au12Cu13 is attributed to the high binding energy of iodine ligands, Au-Cu synergistic effects and its 16-electon system as an 8-electron superatom dimer. Finally, the robust Au12Cu13 exhibited high catalytic activity (~92% conversion and ~84% methyl formate-selectivity) and good durability in methanol photo-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhang
- grid.263484.f0000 0004 1759 8467Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 China
| | - Zhaoxian Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Sachil Sharma
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023 China ,grid.513382.e0000 0004 7667 4992School of Advanced Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Vellore Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh (VIT-AP university), Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522237 India
| | - Gao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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50
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Zhong Y, Zhang J, Li T, Xu W, Yao Q, Lu M, Bai X, Wu Z, Xie J, Zhang Y. Suppression of kernel vibrations by layer-by-layer ligand engineering boosts photoluminescence efficiency of gold nanoclusters. Nat Commun 2023; 14:658. [PMID: 36746958 PMCID: PMC9902523 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The restriction of structural vibration has assumed great importance in attaining bright emission of luminescent metal nanoclusters (NCs), where tremendous efforts are devoted to manipulating the surface landscape yet remain challenges for modulation of the structural vibration of the metal kernel. Here, we report efficient suppression of kernel vibration achieving enhancement in emission intensity, by rigidifying the surface of metal NCs and propagating as-developed strains into the metal core. Specifically, a layer-by-layer triple-ligands surface engineering is deployed to allow the solution-phase Au NCs with strong metal core-dictated fluorescence, up to the high absolute quantum yields of 90.3 ± 3.5%. The as-rigidified surface imposed by synergistic supramolecular interactions greatly influences the low-frequency acoustic vibration of the metal kernel, resulting in a subtle change in vibration frequency but a reduction in amplitude of oscillation. This scenario therewith impedes the non-radiative relaxation of electron dynamics, rendering the Au NCs with strong emission. The presented study exemplifies the linkage between surface chemistry and core-state emission of metal NCs, and proposes a strategy for brighter emitting metal NCs by regulating their interior metal core-involved motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhong
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 P. R. China
| | - Jiangwei Zhang
- grid.411643.50000 0004 1761 0411Innovation Center of Energy Material and Chemistry; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021 P. R. China
| | - Tingting Li
- grid.443314.50000 0001 0225 0773College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, 130012 P. R. China
| | - Wenwu Xu
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267Department of Physics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211 P. R. China
| | - Qiaofeng Yao
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207 P. R. China
| | - Min Lu
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 P. R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 P. R. China
| | - Zhennan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
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