1
|
Kondo N, Ueda Y, Kinashi T. Low-affinity LFA1-dependent outside-in signaling mediates avidity modulation via the Rabin8-Rab8 axis. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae332. [PMID: 39170909 PMCID: PMC11337121 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Lymphocyte interactions mediated by leukocyte integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA1) and intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs) are important for lymphocyte trafficking and antigen recognition. Integrins are regulated by the modulation of ligand-binding affinity and avidity (valency). Although the mechanism underlying high-affinity LFA1 binding has been investigated extensively, the molecular mechanisms by which low-affinity multivalent binding initiates adhesion remain unclear. We previously showed that ICAM1 and monoclonal antibodies that recognize specific LFA1 conformations induce the accumulation of LFA1 at the contact surface. In this study, we found that the small GTPase Rab8 is critical for intracellular transport and accumulation of LFA1 at cell contact areas mediated by low-affinity LFA1-dependent outside-in signaling. Super-resolution microscopy revealed that Rab8 co-localized with LFA1 in small vesicles near the contact membrane. Inactivation of Rab8 decreased ICAM1-dependent adhesion and substantially reduced LFA1 density on the contact membrane. The GTP-bound active form of Rab8 increased cell adhesiveness and promoted LFA1 accumulation at the contact area through co-trafficking with LFA1. Rab8 activation was induced by low-affinity conformation-dependent outside-in signaling via the guanine exchange factor Rabin8, which induced Rab8 activation at the cell contact area independent of Rap1. Single-molecule imaging of ICAM1 on a supported planner lipid bilayer demonstrated that Rab8 increased the frequency of LFA1-ICAM1 interactions without affecting their binding lifetime, indicating that Rab8 is mainly involved in the modulation of LFA1 avidity rather than LFA1 affinity. The present findings underscore the importance of low-affinity conformation-dependent outside-in signaling via the Rabin8-Rab8 axis leading to the initiation of LFA1 transport to the contact area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kondo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ueda
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kinashi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao Z, Chu Y, Feng A, Zhang S, Wu H, Li Z, Sun M, Zhang L, Chen T, Xu M. STK3 kinase activation inhibits tumor proliferation through FOXO1-TP53INP1/P21 pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024; 47:1295-1314. [PMID: 38436783 PMCID: PMC11322239 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-024-00928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis, caused by the inactivation of critical cell growth regulators that lead to uncontrolled proliferation and increased malignancy. Although Serine/Threonine Kinase 3 (STK3), also known as Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 2 (MST2), is a highly conserved kinase of the Hippo pathway, plays a critical role in immunomodulation, organ development, cellular differentiation, and cancer suppression, its phenotype and function in ESCC require further investigation. In this study, we report for the first time on the role of STK3 kinase and its activation condition in ESCC, as well as the mechanism and mediators of kinase activation. METHODS In this study, we investigated the expression and clinical significance of STK3 in ESCC. We first used bioinformatics databases and immunohistochemistry to analyze STK3 expression in the ESCC patient cohort and conducted survival analysis. In vivo, we conducted a tumorigenicity assay using nude mouse models to demonstrate the phenotypes of STK3 kinase. In vitro, we conducted Western blot analysis, qPCR analysis, CO-IP, and immunofluorescence (IF) staining analysis to detect molecule expression, interaction, and distribution. We measured proliferation, migration, and apoptosis abilities in ESCC cells in the experimental groups using CCK-8 and transwell assays, flow cytometry, and EdU staining. We used RNA-seq to identify genes that were differentially expressed in ESCC cells with silenced STK3 or FOXO1. We demonstrated the regulatory relationship of the TP53INP1/P21 gene medicated by the STK3-FOXO1 axis using Western blotting and ChIP in vitro. RESULTS We demonstrate high STK3 expression in ESCC tissue and cell lines compared to esophageal epithelium. Cellular ROS induces STK3 autophosphorylation in ESCC cells, resulting in upregulated p-STK3/4. STK3 activation inhibits ESCC cell proliferation and migration by triggering apoptosis and suppressing the cell cycle. STK3 kinase activation phosphorylates FOXO1Ser212, promoting nuclear translocation, enhancing transcriptional activity, and upregulating TP53INP1 and P21. We also investigated TP53INP1 and P21's phenotypic effects in ESCC, finding that their knockdown significantly increases tumor proliferation, highlighting their crucial role in ESCC tumorigenesis. CONCLUSION STK3 kinase has a high expression level in ESCC and can be activated by cellular ROS, inhibiting cell proliferation and migration. Additionally, STK3 activation-mediated FOXO1 regulates ESCC cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by targeting TP53INP1/P21. Our research underscores the anti-tumor function of STK3 in ESCC and elucidates the mechanism underlying its anti-tumor effect on ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Zhao
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuan Chu
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Anqi Feng
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zhaoxing Li
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Mingchuang Sun
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Meidong Xu
- Endoscopy Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou J, Li L, Wu B, Feng Z, Lu Y, Wang Z. MST1/2: Important regulators of Hippo pathway in immune system associated diseases. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216736. [PMID: 38369002 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is first found in Drosophila and is highly conserved in evolution. Previous studies on this pathway in mammals have revealed its key role in cell proliferation and differentiation, organ size control, and carcinogenesis. Apart from these, recent findings indicate that mammalian Ste20-like kinases 1 and 2 (MST1/2) have significant effects on immune regulation. In this review, we summarize the updated understanding of how MST1/2 affect the regulation of the immune system and the specific mechanism. The effect of MST1/2 on immune cells and its role in the tumor immune microenvironment can alter the body's response to tumor cells. The relationship between MST1/2 and the immune system suggests new directions in the manipulation of immune responses for clinical immunotherapy, especially for tumor treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital and Department of Anatomy and Histoembrvology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lanfang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital and Department of Anatomy and Histoembrvology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Baojin Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No.12 Wulumuqi Zhong Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital and Department of Anatomy and Histoembrvology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zuoyun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital and Department of Anatomy and Histoembrvology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li T, Wen Y, Lu Q, Hua S, Hou Y, Du X, Zheng Y, Sun S. MST1/2 in inflammation and immunity. Cell Adh Migr 2023; 17:1-15. [PMID: 37909712 PMCID: PMC10761064 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2023.2276616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian Sterile 20-like kinase 1/2 (MST1/2) belongs to the serine/threonine (GC) protein kinase superfamily. Collective studies confirm the vital role MST1/2 in inflammation and immunity. MST1/2 is closely related to the progress of inflammation. Generally, MST1/2 aggravates the inflammatory injury through MST1-JNK, MST1-mROS, MST1-Foxo3, and NF-κB pathways, as well as several regulatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), mitochondrial extension factor 1 (MIEF1), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, MST1/2 is also involved in the regulation of immunity to balance immune activation and tolerance by regulating MST1/2-Rac, MST1-Akt1/c-myc, MST1-Foxos, MST1-STAT, Btk pathways, and lymphocyte function-related antigen 1 (LFA-1), which subsequently prevents immunodeficiency syndrome and autoimmune diseases. This article reviews the effects of MST1/2 on inflammation and immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongfen Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiqiong Wen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiongfen Lu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shu Hua
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunjiao Hou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaohua Du
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Shibo Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ueda Y, Higasa K, Kamioka Y, Kondo N, Horitani S, Ikeda Y, Bergmeier W, Fukui Y, Kinashi T. Rap1 organizes lymphocyte front-back polarity via RhoA signaling and talin1. iScience 2023; 26:107292. [PMID: 37520697 PMCID: PMC10374465 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte trafficking requires fine-tuning of chemokine-mediated cell migration. This process depends on cytoskeletal dynamics and polarity, but its regulation remains elusive. We quantitatively measured cell polarity and revealed critical roles performed by integrin activator Rap1 in this process, independent of substrate adhesion. Rap1-deficient naive T cells exhibited impaired abilities to reorganize the actin cytoskeleton into pseudopods and actomyosin-rich uropods. Rap1-GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), Rasa3 and Sipa1, maintained an unpolarized shape; deletion of these GAPs spontaneously induced cell polarization, indicative of the polarizing effect of Rap1. Rap1 activation required F-actin scaffolds, and stimulated RhoA activation and actomyosin contractility at the rear. Furthermore, talin1 acted on Rap1 downstream effectors to promote actomyosin contractility in the uropod, which occurred independently of substrate adhesion and talin1 binding to integrins. These findings indicate that Rap1 signaling to RhoA and talin1 regulates chemokine-stimulated lymphocyte polarization and chemotaxis in a manner independent of adhesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ueda
- The Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Koichiro Higasa
- The Department of Genome Analysis, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamioka
- The Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kondo
- The Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Horitani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Third Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- The Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Blood Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yoshinori Fukui
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kinashi
- The Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim I, Park T, Noh JY, Kim W. Emerging role of Hippo pathway in the regulation of hematopoiesis. BMB Rep 2023; 56:417-425. [PMID: 37574808 PMCID: PMC10471462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In various organisms, the Hippo signaling pathway has been identified as a master regulator of organ size determination and tissue homeostasis. The Hippo signaling coordinates embryonic development, tissue regeneration and differentiation, through regulating cell proliferation and survival. The YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ) act as core transducers of the Hippo pathway, and they are tightly and exquisitely regulated in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli. Abnormal regulation or genetic variation of the Hippo pathway causes a wide range of human diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have revealed that Hippo signaling plays a pivotal role in the immune system and cancer immunity. Due to pathophysiological importance, the emerging role of Hippo signaling in blood cell differentiation, known as hematopoiesis, is receiving much attention. A number of elegant studies using a genetically engineered mouse (GEM) model have shed light on the mechanistic and physiological insights into the Hippo pathway in the regulation of hematopoiesis. Here, we briefly review the function of Hippo signaling in the regulation of hematopoiesis and immune cell differentiation. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(8): 417-425].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inyoung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Taeho Park
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Noh
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, Korea University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Wantae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chan CH, Lin P, Yang TY, Bao BY, Jhong JY, Weng YP, Lee TH, Cheng HF, Lu TL. Epithelial polarization in the 3D matrix requires MST3 signaling to regulate ZO-1 position. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285217. [PMID: 37155619 PMCID: PMC10166550 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Apical-basal cell polarity must be tightly controlled for epithelial cyst and tubule formation, and these are important functional units in various epithelial organs. Polarization is achieved through the coordination of several molecules that divide cells into an apical domain and a basolateral domain, which are separated from tight and adherens junctions. Cdc42 regulates cytoskeletal organization and the tight junction protein ZO-1 at the apical margin of epithelial cell junctions. MST kinases control organ size through the regulation of cell proliferation and cell polarity. For example, MST1 relays the Rap1 signal to induce cell polarity and adhesion of lymphocytes. Our previous study showed that MST3 was involved in E-cadherin regulation and migration in MCF7 cells. In vivo, MST3 knockout mice exhibited higher ENaC expression at the apical site of renal tubules, resulting in hypertension. However, it was not clear whether MST3 was involved in cell polarity. Here, control MDCK cells, HA-MST3 and HA-MST3 kinase-dead (HA-MST3-KD) overexpressing MDCK cells were cultured in collagen or Matrigel. We found that the cysts of HA-MST3 cells were fewer and smaller than those of control MDCK cells; ZO-1 was delayed to the apical site of cysts and in cell-cell contact in the Ca2+ switch assay. However, HA-MST3-KD cells exhibited multilumen cysts. Intensive F-actin stress fibers were observed in HA-MST3 cells with higher Cdc42 activity; in contrast, HA-MST3-KD cells had lower Cdc42 activity and weaker F-actin staining. In this study, we identified a new MST3 function in the establishment of cell polarity through Cdc42 regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Hong Chan
- Department of Nephrology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Lukang, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Pei Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Yen Yang
- Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Ying Bao
- College of School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Yang Jhong
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Sin-Lau Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yui-Ping Weng
- Department of Acupressure Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hsiu Lee
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fen Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Te-Ling Lu
- College of School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qiao C, Jiang P, Yuan X, Su N, Sun P, Lin F. Mammalian STE20-like kinase-1/2 are activated in human platelets stimulated by collagen or thrombin and play a vital role in collagen-activated platelets. Thromb Res 2023; 221:83-91. [PMID: 36495715 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mammalian ste20-like kinases-1/2 (MST1/2), the core kinases of the Hippo pathway, play critical roles in the biology of hematopoietic cells via noncanonical mechanisms and contributes to megakaryocyte differentiation, polyploidization, and maturation to produce platelets. However, the role of MST1/2 in platelet functions remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we investigated this topic by determining platelet aggregation and through flow cytometry, ATP release assay, clot retraction assay, and immunoblotting analysis. RESULTS We found that MST1/2 were rapidly phosphorylated and activated upon platelet stimulation by thrombin and collagen. XMU-MP-1, a specific inhibitor of MST1/2, blocks the activation of MST1/2 in platelets. Inhibitor-pretreated platelets showed impaired platelet aggregation and dense-granule secretion mediated by collagen, thrombin, and U46619, whereas ristocetin or ADP mediated platelet aggregation was unaffected by XMU-MP-1. Although platelet-mediated clot retraction was not affected by MST1/2 inhibitors, integrin αIIbβ3 activation was significantly attenuated in XMU-MP-1-treated platelets. Moreover, MST1/2 inhibition significantly attenuated the mobilization of platelet calcium ions and the secretion of α-granules induced by convulxin. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to demonstrate that MST1/2 play vital roles in human platelets and contributes to collagen-induced platelet activation and aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congchao Qiao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610052, PR China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610052, PR China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610052, PR China
| | - Na Su
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610052, PR China
| | - Pan Sun
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610052, PR China
| | - Fangzhao Lin
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan 610052, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Masgrau-Alsina S, Wackerbarth LM, Lim DS, Sperandio M. MST1 controls murine neutrophil homeostasis via the G-CSFR/STAT3 axis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1038936. [PMID: 36618429 PMCID: PMC9816424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1038936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The release of neutrophils from the bone marrow into the blood circulation is essential for neutrophil homeostasis and the protection of the organism from invading microorganisms. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) plays a pivotal role in this process and guides granulopoiesis as well as the release of bone marrow neutrophils into the blood stream both during homeostasis and in case of infection through activation of the G-CSF receptor/signal transduction and activation of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. Here, we investigated the role of the mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) for neutrophil homeostasis and neutrophil mobilization. We found increased plasma levels of G-CSF in Mst1 -/- mice compared to wild type mice both under homeostatic conditions as well as after stimulation with the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α. In addition, G-CSF-induced mobilization of neutrophils from the bone marrow into the blood circulation in vivo was markedly reduced in the absence of MST1. Interestingly, this was not accompanied by differences in the number of blood neutrophils. Addressing the underlying molecular mechanism of MST1-regulated neutrophil mobilization, we found reduced STAT3 phosphorylation and impaired upregulation of CXCR2 in Mst1 -/- bone marrow neutrophils compared to wild type cells, while JAK2 phosphorylation was not altered. Taken together, we identify MST1 as a critical modulator of neutrophil homeostasis and neutrophil mobilization from the bone marrow, which adds another important aspect to the complex role of MST1 in regulating innate immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Masgrau-Alsina
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lou Martha Wackerbarth
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dae-sik Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany,*Correspondence: Markus Sperandio,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zheng A, Chen Q, Zhang L. The Hippo-YAP pathway in various cardiovascular diseases: Focusing on the inflammatory response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:971416. [PMID: 36059522 PMCID: PMC9433876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster and mammals as a key regulator of tissue growth both in physiological and pathological states. Numerous studies depict the vital role of the Hippo pathway in cardiovascular development, heart regeneration, organ size and vascular remodeling through the regulation of YAP (yes-associated protein) translocation. Recently, an increasing number of studies have focused on the Hippo-YAP pathway in inflammation and immunology. Although the Hippo-YAP pathway has been revealed to play controversial roles in different contexts and cell types in the cardiovascular system, the mechanisms regulating tissue inflammation and the immune response remain to be clarified. In this review, we summarize findings from the past decade on the function and mechanism of the Hippo-YAP pathway in CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) such as myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis. In particular, we emphasize the role of the Hippo-YAP pathway in regulating inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokine activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Zhang
- *Correspondence: Li Zhang, ; Qishan Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Joshi H, Morley SC. Efficient T Cell Migration and Activation Require L-Plastin. Front Immunol 2022; 13:916137. [PMID: 35844504 PMCID: PMC9277003 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.916137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid re-organization of the actin cytoskeleton supports T-cell trafficking towards immune sites and interaction with antigen presenting cells (APCs). F-actin rearrangement enables T-cell trafficking by stabilizing adhesion to vascular endothelial cells and promoting transendothelial migration. T-cell/APC immune synapse (IS) maturation also relies upon f-actin-anchored LFA-1:ICAM-1 ligation. Therefore, efficient T-cell responses require tight regulation of f-actin dynamics. In this review, we summarize how the actin-bundling protein L-plastin (LPL) regulates T-cell activation and migration. LPL enhances f-actin polymerization and also directly binds to the β2 chain of the integrin LFA-1 to support intercellular adhesion and IS formation in human and murine T cells. LPL- deficient T cells migrate slowly in response to chemo-attractants such as CXCL12, CCL19, and poorly polarize towards ICAM-1. Loss of LPL impairs thymic egress and intranodal motility. LPL is also required for T-cell IS maturation with APCs, and therefore for efficient cytokine production and proliferation. LPL-/- mice are less susceptible to T-cell mediated pathologies, such as allograft rejection and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). LPL activity is regulated by its N-terminal “headpiece”, which contains serine and threonine phosphorylation and calcium- and calmodulin-binding sites. LPL phosphorylation is required for lamellipodia formation during adhesion and migration, and also for LFA-1 clustering during IS formation. However, the precise molecular interactions by which LPL supports T-cell functional responses remain unclear. Future studies elucidating LPL-mediated regulation of T-cell migration and/or activation may illuminate pathways for therapeutic targeting in T-cell-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Joshi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Sharon Celeste Morley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- Division of Immunobiology, Department of Immunology and Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Sharon Celeste Morley,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
LFA1 Activation: Insights from a Single-Molecule Approach. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111751. [PMID: 35681446 PMCID: PMC9179313 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin LFA1 is a cell adhesion receptor expressed exclusively in leukocytes, and plays crucial roles in lymphocyte trafficking, antigen recognition, and effector functions. Since the discovery that the adhesiveness of LFA1 can be dynamically changed upon stimulation, one challenge has been understanding how integrins are regulated by inside-out signaling coupled with macromolecular conformational changes, as well as ligand bindings that transduce signals from the extracellular domain to the cytoplasm in outside-in signaling. The small GTPase Rap1 and integrin adaptor proteins talin1 and kindlin-3 have been recognized as critical molecules for integrin activation. However, their cooperative regulation of integrin adhesiveness in lymphocytes requires further research. Recent advances in single-molecule imaging techniques have revealed dynamic molecular processes in real-time and provided insight into integrin activation in cellular environments. This review summarizes integrin regulation and discusses new findings regarding the bidirectionality of LFA1 activation and signaling processes in lymphocytes.
Collapse
|
13
|
Cao JZ, Yao GS, Liu F, Tang YM, Li PJ, Feng ZH, Luo JH, Wei JH. TP53/BRAF mutation as an aid in predicting response to immune-checkpoint inhibitor across multiple cancer types. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2868-2879. [PMID: 35344507 PMCID: PMC9004558 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1/PD-L1 blockage, is becoming standard of practice for an increasing number of cancer types. However, the response rate is only 10%-40%. Thus, identifying biomarkers that could accurately predict the ICI-therapy response is critically important. We downloaded somatic mutation data for 46,697 patients and tumor-infiltrating immune cells levels data for 11070 patients, then combined TP53 and BRAF mutation status into a biomarker model and found that the predict ability of TP53/BRAF mutation model is more powerful than some past models. Commonly, patients with high-TMB status have better response to ICI therapy than patients with low-TMB status. However, the genotype of TP53MUTBRAFWT in high-TMB status cohort have poorer response to ICI therapy than the genotype of BRAFMUTTP53WT in low-TMB status (Median, 18 months vs 47 month). Thus, TP53/BRAF mutation model can add predictive value to TMB in identifying patients who benefited from ICI treatment, which can enable more informed treatment decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Zheng Cao
- Department of Urology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gao-Sheng Yao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Ming Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng-Ju Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zi-Hao Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Hang Luo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin-Huan Wei
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ishihara S, Sato T, Fujikado N, Miyazaki H, Yoshimoto T, Yamamoto H, Fukuda S, Katagiri K. Rap1 prevents colitogenic Th17 cell expansion and facilitates Treg cell differentiation and distal TCR signaling. Commun Biol 2022; 5:206. [PMID: 35246619 PMCID: PMC8897436 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell-specific Rap1 deletion causes spontaneous colitis in mice. In the present study, we revealed that Rap1 deficiency in T cells impaired the preceding induction of intestinal RORγt+ Treg cells. In the large intestinal lamina propria (LILP) of T-cell-specific Rap1-knockout mice (Rap1KO mice), Th17 cells were found to increase in a microbiota-dependent manner, and the inhibition of IL-17A production prevented the development of colitis. In the LILP of Rap1KO mice, RORγt+ Treg cells were scarcely induced by 4 weeks of age. The expression of CTLA-4 on Rap1-deficient Treg cells was reduced and the expression of CD80 and CD86 on dendritic cells was consequently elevated in Rap1KO mice. When cultured under each polarizing condition, Rap1-deficient naïve CD4+ T cells did not show biased differentiation into Th17 cells; their differentiation into Treg cells as well as Th1 and Th2 cells was lesser than that of wild-type cells. Rap1-deficient naïve CD4+ T cells were found to exhibit the defective nuclear translocation of NFAT and formation of actin foci in response to TCR engagement. These data suggest that Rap1 amplifies the TCR signaling required for Treg-mediated control of intestinal colitogenic Th17 responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Ishihara
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0344, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0344, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Fujikado
- Immunology Discovery Research, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Biotechnology Center, Eli Lilly and Company, 10290 Campus Point Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Haruka Miyazaki
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0344, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yoshimoto
- Department of Immunoregulation, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1 Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8402, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Yamamoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Koko Katagiri
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0344, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Inamo J, Suzuki K, Takeshita M, Kondo Y, Okuzono Y, Koga K, Kassai Y, Takiguchi M, Kurisu R, Yoshimura A, Takeuchi T. Molecular remission at T cell level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16691. [PMID: 34404865 PMCID: PMC8371080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
While numerous disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have brought about a dramatic paradigm shift in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), unmet needs remain, such as the small proportion of patients who achieve drug-free status. The aim of this study was to explore key molecules for remission at the T cell level, which are known to be deeply involved in RA pathogenesis, and investigate the disease course of patients who achieved molecular remission (MR). We enrolled a total of 46 patients with RA and 10 healthy controls (HCs). We performed gene expression profiling and selected remission signature genes in CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells from patients with RA using machine learning methods. In addition, we investigated the benefits of achieving MR on disease control. We identified 9 and 23 genes that were associated with clinical remission in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that their expression profiling was similar to those in HCs. For the remission signature genes in CD4+ T cells, the PCA result was reproduced using a validation cohort, indicating the robustness of these genes. A trend toward better disease control was observed during 12 months of follow-up in patients treated with tocilizumab in deep MR compared with those in non-deep MR, although the difference was not significant. The current study will promote our understanding of the molecular mechanisms necessary to achieve deep remission during the management of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Inamo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaru Takeshita
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kondo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuumi Okuzono
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Fujisawa-Shi, ResearchKanagawa, Japan
| | - Keiko Koga
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Fujisawa-Shi, ResearchKanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kassai
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Fujisawa-Shi, ResearchKanagawa, Japan
| | - Maiko Takiguchi
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Fujisawa-Shi, ResearchKanagawa, Japan
| | - Rina Kurisu
- Immunology Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Fujisawa-Shi, ResearchKanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takeuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dadwal N, Mix C, Reinhold A, Witte A, Freund C, Schraven B, Kliche S. The Multiple Roles of the Cytosolic Adapter Proteins ADAP, SKAP1 and SKAP2 for TCR/CD3 -Mediated Signaling Events. Front Immunol 2021; 12:703534. [PMID: 34295339 PMCID: PMC8290198 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.703534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are the key players of the adaptive immune response. They coordinate the activation of other immune cells and kill malignant and virus-infected cells. For full activation T cells require at least two signals. Signal 1 is induced after recognition of MHC/peptide complexes presented on antigen presenting cells (APCs) by the clonotypic TCR (T-cell receptor)/CD3 complex whereas Signal 2 is mediated via the co-stimulatory receptor CD28, which binds to CD80/CD86 molecules that are present on APCs. These signaling events control the activation, proliferation and differentiation of T cells. In addition, triggering of the TCR/CD3 complex induces the activation of the integrin LFA-1 (leukocyte function associated antigen 1) leading to increased ligand binding (affinity regulation) and LFA-1 clustering (avidity regulation). This process is termed "inside-out signaling". Subsequently, ligand bound LFA-1 transmits a signal into the T cells ("outside-in signaling") which enhances T-cell interaction with APCs (adhesion), T-cell activation and T-cell proliferation. After triggering of signal transducing receptors, adapter proteins organize the proper processing of membrane proximal and intracellular signals as well as the activation of downstream effector molecules. Adapter proteins are molecules that lack enzymatic or transcriptional activity and are composed of protein-protein and protein-lipid interacting domains/motifs. They organize and assemble macromolecular complexes (signalosomes) in space and time. Here, we review recent findings regarding three cytosolic adapter proteins, ADAP (Adhesion and Degranulation-promoting Adapter Protein), SKAP1 and SKAP2 (Src Kinase Associated Protein 1 and 2) with respect to their role in TCR/CD3-mediated activation, proliferation and integrin regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nirdosh Dadwal
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlie Mix
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty of the Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annegret Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty of the Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Amelie Witte
- Coordination Center of Clinical Trials, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Freund
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty of the Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kliche
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Medical Faculty of the Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Geng J, Shi Y, Zhang J, Yang B, Wang P, Yuan W, Zhao H, Li J, Qin F, Hong L, Xie C, Deng X, Sun Y, Wu C, Chen L, Zhou D. TLR4 signalling via Piezo1 engages and enhances the macrophage mediated host response during bacterial infection. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3519. [PMID: 34112781 PMCID: PMC8192512 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23683-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
TLR4 signaling plays key roles in the innate immune response to microbial infection. Innate immune cells encounter different mechanical cues in both health and disease to adapt their behaviors. However, the impact of mechanical sensing signals on TLR4 signal-mediated innate immune response remains unclear. Here we show that TLR4 signalling augments macrophage bactericidal activity through the mechanical sensor Piezo1. Bacterial infection or LPS stimulation triggers assembly of the complex of Piezo1 and TLR4 to remodel F-actin organization and augment phagocytosis, mitochondrion-phagosomal ROS production and bacterial clearance and genetic deficiency of Piezo1 results in abrogation of these responses. Mechanistically, LPS stimulates TLR4 to induce Piezo1-mediated calcium influx and consequently activates CaMKII-Mst1/2-Rac axis for pathogen ingestion and killing. Inhibition of CaMKII or knockout of either Mst1/2 or Rac1 results in reduced macrophage bactericidal activity, phenocopying the Piezo1 deficiency. Thus, we conclude that TLR4 drives the innate immune response via Piezo1 providing critical insight for understanding macrophage mechanophysiology and the host response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiran Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jinjia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Bingying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Weihong Yuan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Junhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Funiu Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lixin Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Changchuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xianming Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Congying Wu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lanfen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Dawang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ishihara S, Sato T, Sugioka R, Miwa R, Saito H, Sato R, Fukuyama H, Nakajima A, Sawai S, Kotani A, Katagiri K. Rap1 Is Essential for B-Cell Locomotion, Germinal Center Formation and Normal B-1a Cell Population. Front Immunol 2021; 12:624419. [PMID: 34140948 PMCID: PMC8203927 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.624419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin regulation by Rap1 is indispensable for lymphocyte recirculation. In mice having B-cell-specific Rap1a/b double knockouts (DKO), the number of B cells in lymph nodes decreased to approximately 4% of that of control mice, and B cells were present in the spleen and blood. Upon the immunization with NP-CGG, DKO mice demonstrated the defective GC formation in the spleen, and the reduced NP-specific antibody production. In vitro, Rap1 deficiency impaired the movement of activated B cells along the gradients of chemoattractants known to be critical for their localization in the follicles. Furthermore, B-1a cells were almost completely absent in the peritoneal cavity, spleen and blood of adult DKO mice, and the number of B-cell progenitor/precursor (B-p) were reduced in neonatal and fetal livers. However, DKO B-ps normally proliferated, and differentiated into IgM+ cells in the presence of IL-7. CXCL12-dependent migration of B-ps on the VCAM-1 was severely impaired by Rap1 deficiency. Immunostaining study of fetal livers revealed defects in the co-localization of DKO B-ps and IL-7-producing stromal cells. This study proposes that the profound effects of Rap1-deficiency on humoral responses and B-1a cell generation may be due to or in part caused by impairments of the chemoattractant-dependent positioning and the contact with stromal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Ishihara
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Risa Sugioka
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ryota Miwa
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Haruka Saito
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ryota Sato
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Fukuyama
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Nakajima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sawai
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Kotani
- Department of Hematological Malignancy, Institute of Medical Science, Tokai University, Isehara, Japan
| | - Koko Katagiri
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hills LB, Abdullah L, Lust HE, Degefu H, Huang YH. Foxo1 Serine 209 Is a Critical Regulatory Site of CD8 T Cell Differentiation and Survival. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 206:89-100. [PMID: 33229443 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Foxo1 is an essential transcription factor required for the survival and differentiation of memory CD8 T cells, yet it is unclear whether these Foxo1-dependent functions are inherently coupled. To address this question, we examined the effects of different Foxo1 posttranslational modifications. Phosphorylation of Foxo1 by Akt kinases at three distinct residues is well characterized to inhibit Foxo1 transcriptional activity. However, the effect of Foxo1 phosphorylation within its DNA-binding domain at serine 209 by Mst1 kinase is not fully understood. In this study, we show that an S209A phospho-null Foxo1 exhibited Akt-dependent nuclear trafficking in mouse CD8 T cells and augmented the expression of canonical Foxo1 target genes such as Il7r and Sell In contrast, an S209D phosphomimetic Foxo1 (SD-Foxo1) was largely excluded from the nucleus of CD8 T cells and failed to transactivate these genes. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that SD-Foxo1 was associated with a distinct Foxo1-dependent transcriptional profile, including genes mediating CD8 effector function and cell survival. Despite defective transactivation of canonical target genes, SD-Foxo1 promoted IL-15-mediated CD8 T cell survival in vitro and survival of short-lived effector cells in vivo in response to Listeria monocytogenes infection. However, SD-Foxo1 actively repressed CD127 expression and failed to generate memory precursors and long-lived memory T cells. Together, these data indicate that S209 is a critical residue for the regulation of Foxo1 subcellular localization and for balancing CD8 T cell differentiation and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Benjamin Hills
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756; and
| | - Leena Abdullah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756; and
| | - Hannah E Lust
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756; and
| | - Hanna Degefu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756; and
| | - Yina H Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756; and .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bouchard A, Witalis M, Chang J, Panneton V, Li J, Bouklouch Y, Suh WK. Hippo Signal Transduction Mechanisms in T Cell Immunity. Immune Netw 2020; 20:e36. [PMID: 33163244 PMCID: PMC7609160 DOI: 10.4110/in.2020.20.e36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippo signaling pathways are evolutionarily conserved signal transduction mechanisms mainly involved in organ size control, tissue regeneration, and tumor suppression. However, in mammals, the primary role of Hippo signaling seems to be regulation of immunity. As such, humans with null mutations in STK4 (mammalian homologue of Drosophila Hippo; also known as MST1) suffer from recurrent infections and autoimmune symptoms. Although dysregulated T cell homeostasis and functions have been identified in MST1-deficient human patients and mouse models, detailed cellular and molecular bases of the immune dysfunction remain to be elucidated. Although the canonical Hippo signaling pathway involves transcriptional co-activator Yes-associated protein (YAP) or transcriptional coactivator with PDZ motif (TAZ), the major Hippo downstream signaling pathways in T cells are YAP/TAZ-independent and they widely differ between T cell subsets. Here we will review Hippo signaling mechanisms in T cell immunity and describe their implications for immune defects found in MST1-deficient patients and animals. Further, we propose that mutual inhibition of Mst and Akt kinases and their opposing roles on the stability and function of forkhead box O and β-catenin may explain various immune defects discovered in mutant mice lacking Hippo signaling components. Understanding these diverse Hippo signaling pathways and their interplay with other evolutionarily-conserved signaling components in T cells may uncover molecular targets relevant to vaccination, autoimmune diseases, and cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bouchard
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Mariko Witalis
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Jinsam Chang
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Vincent Panneton
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Joanna Li
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Yasser Bouklouch
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Woong-Kyung Suh
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.,Molecular Biology Program, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Infectiology, and Immunology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sprenkeler EGG, Webbers SDS, Kuijpers TW. When Actin is Not Actin' Like It Should: A New Category of Distinct Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders. J Innate Immun 2020; 13:3-25. [PMID: 32846417 DOI: 10.1159/000509717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) have been identified over the last decade, which are caused by deleterious mutations in genes encoding for proteins involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation. These mutations primarily affect hematopoietic cells and lead to defective function of immune cells, such as impaired motility, signaling, proliferative capacity, and defective antimicrobial host defense. Here, we review several of these immunological "actinopathies" and cover both clinical aspects, as well as cellular mechanisms of these PIDs. We focus in particular on the effect of these mutations on human neutrophil function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelien G G Sprenkeler
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, .,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, AUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Steven D S Webbers
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, AUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, AUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sato T, Ishihara S, Marui R, Takagi J, Katagiri K. Dissection of α 4β 7 integrin regulation by Rap1 using novel conformation-specific monoclonal anti-β 7 antibodies. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13221. [PMID: 32764635 PMCID: PMC7413538 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrin activation is associated with conformational regulation. In this study, we developed a system to evaluate conformational changes in α4β7 integrin. We first inserted the PA tag into the plexin-semaphorin-integrin (PSI) domain of β7 chain, which reacted with an anti-PA tag antibody (NZ-1) in an Mn2+-dependent manner. The small GTPase Rap1 deficiency, as well as chemokine stimulation and the introduction of the active form of Rap1, Rap1V12, enhanced the binding of NZ-1 to the PA-tagged mutant integrin, and increased the binding affinity to mucosal addressing cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1). Furthermore, we generated two kinds of hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognized Mn2+-dependent epitopes of β7. Both epitopes were exposed to bind to mAbs on the cells by the introduction of Rap1V12. Although one epitope in the PSI domain of β7 was exposed on Rap1-deficienct cells, the other epitope in the hybrid domain of β7 was not. These data indicate that the conversion of Rap1-GDP to GTP exerts two distinct effects stepwise on the conformation of α4β7. The induction of colitis by Rap1-deficient CD4+ effector/memory T cells suggests that the removal of constraining effect by Rap1-GDP on α4β7 is sufficient for homing of these pathogenic T cells into colon lamina propria (LP).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ishihara
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Ryoya Marui
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Junichi Takagi
- Laboratory of Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koko Katagiri
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0373, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ishihara S, Sato T, Du G, Guardavaccaro D, Nakajima A, Sawai S, Kataoka T, Katagiri K. Phosphatidic acid-dependent localization and basal de-phosphorylation of RA-GEFs regulate lymphocyte trafficking. BMC Biol 2020; 18:75. [PMID: 32600317 PMCID: PMC7325102 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lymphocytes circulate between peripheral lymphoid tissues via blood and lymphatic systems, and chemokine-induced migration is important in trafficking lymphocytes to distant sites. The small GTPase Rap1 is important in mediating lymphocyte motility, and Rap1-GEFs are involved in chemokine-mediated Rap1 activation. Here, we describe the roles and mechanisms of Rap1-GEFs in lymphocyte trafficking. Results In this study, we show that RA-GEF-1 and 2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6) are key guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF) for Rap1 in lymphocyte trafficking. Mice harboring T cell-specific knockouts of Rapgef2/6 demonstrate defective homing and egress of T cells. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) as well as chemokines activates Rap1 in a RA-GEF-1/2-dependent manner, and their deficiency in T cells impairs Mst1 phosphorylation, cell polarization, and chemotaxis toward S1P gradient. On the other hand, B cell-specific knockouts of Rapgef2/6 impair chemokine-dependent retention of B cells in the bone marrow and passively facilitate egress. Phospholipase D2-dependent production of phosphatidic acid by these chemotactic factors determines spatial distribution of Rap1-GTP subsequent to membrane localization of RA-GEFs and induces the development of front membrane. On the other hand, basal de-phosphorylation of RA-GEFs is necessary for chemotactic factor-dependent increase in GEF activity for Rap1. Conclusions We demonstrate here that subcellular distribution and activation of RA-GEFs are key factors for a directional movement of lymphocytes and that phosphatidic acid is critical for membrane translocation of RA-GEFs with chemokine stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Ishihara
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0344, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sato
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0344, Japan
| | - Guangwei Du
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daniele Guardavaccaro
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Akihiko Nakajima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sawai
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Tohru Kataoka
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Koko Katagiri
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0344, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Targeting the Hippo pathway in cancer, fibrosis, wound healing and regenerative medicine. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:480-494. [PMID: 32555376 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0070-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 428] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signalling pathway with key roles in organ development, epithelial homeostasis, tissue regeneration, wound healing and immune modulation. Many of these roles are mediated by the transcriptional effectors YAP and TAZ, which direct gene expression via control of the TEAD family of transcription factors. Dysregulated Hippo pathway and YAP/TAZ-TEAD activity is associated with various diseases, most notably cancer, making this pathway an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. This Review highlights the key findings from studies of Hippo pathway signalling across biological processes and diseases, and discusses new strategies and therapeutic implications of targeting this pathway.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ueda Y, Kondo N, Kinashi T. MST1/2 Balance Immune Activation and Tolerance by Orchestrating Adhesion, Transcription, and Organelle Dynamics in Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2020; 11:733. [PMID: 32435241 PMCID: PMC7218056 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The STE20-like serine/threonine kinases MST1 and MST2 (MST1/2) are mammalian homologs of Hippo in flies. MST1/2 regulate organ size by suppressing the transcription factor YAP, which promotes proliferation. MST1 is predominantly expressed in immune cells, where it plays distinct roles. Here, we review the functions of MST1/2 in immune cells, uncovered by a series of recent studies, and discuss the connection between MST1/2 function and immune responses. MST1/2 regulate lymphocyte development, trafficking, survival, and antigen recognition by naive T cells. MST1/2 also regulate the function of regulatory T cells and effector T cell differentiation, thus acting to balance immune activation and tolerance. Interestingly, MST1/2 elicit these functions not by the “canonical” Hippo pathway, but by the non-canonical Hippo pathway or alternative pathways. In these pathways, MST1/2 regulates cellular processes relating to immune response, such as chemotaxis, cell adhesion, immunological synapse, gene transcriptions. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of these processes have revealed important roles of MST1/2 in regulating cytoskeleton remodeling, integrin activation, and vesicular transport in lymphocytes. We discuss the significance of the MST1/2 signaling in lymphocytes in the regulation of organelle dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Ueda
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Kondo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kinashi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
The RUNX1-ETO target gene RASSF2 suppresses t(8;21) AML development and regulates Rac GTPase signaling. Blood Cancer J 2020; 10:16. [PMID: 32029705 PMCID: PMC7005177 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-020-0282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale chromosomal translocations are frequent oncogenic drivers in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These translocations often occur in critical transcriptional/epigenetic regulators and contribute to malignant cell growth through alteration of normal gene expression. Despite this knowledge, the specific gene expression alterations that contribute to the development of leukemia remain incompletely understood. Here, through characterization of transcriptional regulation by the RUNX1-ETO fusion protein, we have identified Ras-association domain family member 2 (RASSF2) as a critical gene that is aberrantly transcriptionally repressed in t(8;21)-associated AML. Re-expression of RASSF2 specifically inhibits t(8;21) AML development in multiple models. Through biochemical and functional studies, we demonstrate RASSF2-mediated functions to be dependent on interaction with Hippo kinases, MST1 and MST2, but independent of canonical Hippo pathway signaling. Using proximity-based biotin labeling we define the RASSF2-proximal proteome in leukemia cells and reveal association with Rac GTPase-related proteins, including an interaction with the guanine nucleotide exchange factor, DOCK2. Importantly, RASSF2 knockdown impairs Rac GTPase activation, and RASSF2 expression is broadly correlated with Rac-mediated signal transduction in AML patients. Together, these data reveal a previously unappreciated mechanistic link between RASSF2, Hippo kinases, and Rac activity with potentially broad functional consequences in leukemia.
Collapse
|
27
|
Momoi Y, Nishikimi A, Du G, Kataoka T, Katagiri K. Phosphatidic acid regulates subcellular distribution of RA-GEFs critical for chemokine-dependent migration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:325-331. [PMID: 31996307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Integrin activation by Rap1-GTP is pivotal for lymphocyte trafficking. In this study, we show the phosphatidic acid (PA)-dependent membrane distribution of RA-GEF-1 and -2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6), which are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1, plays important roles in lymphocyte migration. RA-GEF-1 associates with PA through 919-967 aa within CDC25 homology domain, and the deletion of this region of RA-GEF-1 inhibits chemokine-dependent migration. Chemokine stimulation induces temporal production of PA on the plasma membrane, which is not necessary for Rap1 activation, but the translocation of RA-GEFs. Thus, chemokine-dependent generation of PA is critical for lymphocyte migration through membrane localization of RA-GEFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Momoi
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0337, Japan
| | - Akihiko Nishikimi
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0337, Japan
| | - Guangwei Du
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science at Houston 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tohru Kataoka
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Koko Katagiri
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0337, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Stampouloglou E, Cheng N, Federico A, Slaby E, Monti S, Szeto GL, Varelas X. Yap suppresses T-cell function and infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000591. [PMID: 31929526 PMCID: PMC6980695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for cancer immunotherapy is sustaining T-cell activation and recruitment in immunosuppressive solid tumors. Here, we report that the levels of the Hippo pathway effector Yes-associated protein (Yap) are sharply induced upon the activation of cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4)-positive and cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8)-positive T cells and that Yap functions as an immunosuppressive factor and inhibitor of effector differentiation. Loss of Yap in T cells results in enhanced T-cell activation, differentiation, and function, which translates in vivo to an improved ability for T cells to infiltrate and repress tumors. Gene expression analyses of tumor-infiltrating T cells following Yap deletion implicates Yap as a mediator of global T-cell responses in the tumor microenvironment and as a negative regulator of T-cell tumor infiltration and patient survival in diverse human cancers. Collectively, our results indicate that Yap plays critical roles in T-cell biology and suggest that Yap inhibition improves T-cell responses in cancer.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/antagonists & inhibitors
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/physiology
- Animals
- Cell Cycle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/physiology
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/genetics
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Skin Neoplasms/immunology
- Skin Neoplasms/pathology
- Skin Neoplasms/therapy
- T-Lymphocytes/physiology
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Stampouloglou
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nan Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anthony Federico
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Emily Slaby
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stefano Monti
- Division of Computational Biology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gregory L. Szeto
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Translational Center for Age-Related Disease and Disparities, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xaralabos Varelas
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size control, and regeneration. The core of the Hippo pathway in mammals consists of a kinase cascade, MST1/2 and LATS1/2, as well as downstream effectors, transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ. These core components of the Hippo pathway control transcriptional programs involved in cell proliferation, survival, mobility, stemness, and differentiation. The Hippo pathway is tightly regulated by both intrinsic and extrinsic signals, such as mechanical force, cell-cell contact, polarity, energy status, stress, and many diffusible hormonal factors, the majority of which act through G protein-coupled receptors. Here, we review the current understanding of molecular mechanisms by which signals regulate the Hippo pathway with an emphasis on mechanotransduction and the effects of this pathway on basic biology and human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenghong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Zhipeng Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA; , , ,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Janssen E, Geha RS. Primary immunodeficiencies caused by mutations in actin regulatory proteins. Immunol Rev 2019; 287:121-134. [PMID: 30565251 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The identification of patients with monogenic gene defects have illuminated the function of different proteins in the immune system, including proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton. Many of these actin regulatory proteins are exclusively expressed in leukocytes and regulate the formation and branching of actin filaments. Their absence or abnormal function leads to defects in immune cell shape, cellular projections, migration, and signaling. Through the study of patients' mutations and generation of mouse models that recapitulate the patients' phenotypes, our laboratory and others have gained a better understanding of the role these proteins play in cell biology and the underlying pathogenesis of immunodeficiencies and immune dysregulatory syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Janssen
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Stoner SA, Yan M, Liu KTH, Arimoto KI, Shima T, Wang HY, Johnson DT, Bejar R, Jamieson C, Guan KL, Zhang DE. Hippo kinase loss contributes to del(20q) hematologic malignancies through chronic innate immune activation. Blood 2019; 134:1730-1744. [PMID: 31434702 PMCID: PMC6856986 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous deletions within chromosome 20q, or del(20q), are frequent cytogenetic abnormalities detected in hematologic malignancies. To date, identification of genes in the del(20q) common deleted region that contribute to disease development have remained elusive. Through assessment of patient gene expression, we have identified STK4 (encoding Hippo kinase MST1) as a 20q gene that is downregulated below haploinsufficient amounts in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Hematopoietic-specific gene inactivation in mice revealed Hippo kinase loss to induce splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, megakaryocytic dysplasia, and a propensity for chronic granulocytosis; phenotypes that closely resemble those observed in patients harboring del(20q). In a JAK2-V617F model, heterozygous Hippo kinase inactivation led to accelerated development of lethal myelofibrosis, recapitulating adverse MPN disease progression and revealing a novel genetic interaction between these 2 molecular events. Quantitative serum protein profiling showed that myelofibrotic transformation in mice was associated with cooperative effects of JAK2-V617F and Hippo kinase inactivation on innate immune-associated proinflammatory cytokine production, including IL-1β and IL-6. Mechanistically, MST1 interacted with IRAK1, and shRNA-mediated knockdown was sufficient to increase IRAK1-dependent innate immune activation of NF-κB in human myeloid cells. Consistent with this, treatment with a small molecule IRAK1/4 inhibitor rescued the aberrantly elevated IL-1β production in the JAK2-V617F MPN model. This study identified Hippo kinase MST1 (STK4) as having a central role in the biology of del(20q)-associated hematologic malignancies and revealed a novel molecular basis of adverse MPN progression that may be therapeutically exploitable via IRAK1 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rafael Bejar
- Moores Cancer Center
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine
| | - Catriona Jamieson
- Moores Cancer Center
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Moores Cancer Center
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Dong-Er Zhang
- Moores Cancer Center
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program
- Division of Biological Sciences
- Department of Pathology
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Regulation of cell adhesion: a collaborative effort of integrins, their ligands, cytoplasmic actors, and phosphorylation. Q Rev Biophys 2019; 52:e10. [PMID: 31709962 DOI: 10.1017/s0033583519000088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Integrins are large heterodimeric type 1 membrane proteins expressed in all nucleated mammalian cells. Eighteen α-chains and eight β-chains can combine to form 24 different integrins. They are cell adhesion proteins, which bind to a large variety of cellular and extracellular ligands. Integrins are required for cell migration, hemostasis, translocation of cells out from the blood stream and further movement into tissues, but also for the immune response and tissue morphogenesis. Importantly, integrins are not usually active as such, but need activation to become adhesive. Integrins are activated by outside-in activation through integrin ligand binding, or by inside-out activation through intracellular signaling. An important question is how integrin activity is regulated, and this topic has recently drawn much attention. Changes in integrin affinity for ligand binding are due to allosteric structural alterations, but equally important are avidity changes due to integrin clustering in the plane of the plasma membrane. Recent studies have partially solved how integrin cell surface structures change during activation. The integrin cytoplasmic domains are relatively short, but by interacting with a variety of cytoplasmic proteins in a regulated manner, the integrins acquire a number of properties important not only for cell adhesion and movement, but also for cellular signaling. Recent work has shown that specific integrin phosphorylations play pivotal roles in the regulation of integrin activity. Our purpose in this review is to integrate the present knowledge to enable an understanding of how cell adhesion is dynamically regulated.
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway has been shown to play a pivotal role in controlling organ size and maintaining tissue homeostasis in multiple organisms ranging from Drosophila to mammals. Recently, we and others have demonstrated that Hippo signaling is also essential for maintaining the immune system homeostasis. Unlike the canonical Mst-Lats-Yap signal pathway, which controls tissue growth during development and regeneration, most studies regarding Hippo signaling in immune regulation is focusing in Mst1/2, the core kinases of Hippo signaling, cross-talking with other signaling pathways in various immune cells. In particular, patients bearing a loss-of-function mutation of Mst1 develop a complex immunodeficiency syndrome. Regarding the Hippo signaling in innate immunity, we have reported that Mst1/2 kinases are required for phagocytosis and efficient clearance of bacteria in phagocytes by regulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; and at the same time, by sensing the excessive ROS, Mst1/2 kinases maintain cellular redox homeostasis and prevent phagocytes aging and death through modulating the stability of the key antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2. In addition, we have revealed that the Mst1/2 kinases are critical in regulating T cells activation and Mst1/2-TAZ axis regulates the reciprocal differentiation of Treg cells and Th17 cells to modulate autoimmune inflammation by altering interactions between the transcription factors Foxp3 and RORγt. These results indicate that Hippo signaling maintains the balance between tolerance and inflammation of adaptive immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanfen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China..
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pan Z, Tian Y, Cao C, Niu G. The Emerging Role of YAP/TAZ in Tumor Immunity. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1777-1786. [PMID: 31308148 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP)/WW domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ) is an important transcriptional regulator and effector of the Hippo signaling pathway that has emerged as a critical determinant of malignancy in many human tumors. YAP/TAZ expression regulates the cross-talk between immune cells and tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment through its influence on T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and macrophages. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects are poorly understood. An improved understanding of the role of YAP/TAZ in tumor immunity is essential for exploring innovative tumor treatments and making further breakthroughs in antitumor immunotherapy. This review primarily focuses on the role of YAP/TAZ in immune cells, their interactions with tumor cells, and how this impacts on tumorigenesis, progression, and therapy resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoji Pan
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated XuZhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yiqing Tian
- Xinyi People's Hospital, Xinyi, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Chengsong Cao
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated XuZhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Guoping Niu
- Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated XuZhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rap1 Negatively Regulates the Hippo Pathway to Polarize Directional Protrusions in Collective Cell Migration. Cell Rep 2019; 22:2160-2175. [PMID: 29466741 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In collective cell migration, directional protrusions orient cells in response to external cues, which requires coordinated polarity among the migrating cohort. However, the molecular mechanism has not been well defined. Drosophila border cells (BCs) migrate collectively and invade via the confined space between nurse cells, offering an in vivo model to examine how group polarity is organized. Here, we show that the front/back polarity of BCs requires Rap1, hyperactivation of which disrupts cluster polarity and induces misoriented protrusions and loss of asymmetry in the actin network. Conversely, hypoactive Rap1 causes fewer protrusions and cluster spinning during migration. A forward genetic screen revealed that downregulation of the Hippo (Hpo) pathway core components hpo or mats enhances the Rap1V12-induced migration defect and misdirected protrusions. Mechanistically, association of Rap1V12 with the kinase domain of Hpo suppresses its activity, which releases Hpo signaling-mediated suppression of F-actin elongation, promoting cellular protrusions in collective cell migration.
Collapse
|
36
|
Kato W, Nishio M, To Y, Togashi H, Mak TW, Takada H, Ohga S, Maehama T, Suzuki A. MOB1 regulates thymocyte egress and T-cell survival in mice in a YAP1-independent manner. Genes Cells 2019; 24:485-495. [PMID: 31125466 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1/2 (MST1/2) and nuclear Dbf2-related kinase 1/2 (NDR1/2) are core components of Hippo signaling that are also known to be important regulators of lymphocyte trafficking. However, little is understood about the roles of other Hippo pathway molecules in these cells. Here, we present the first analysis of the function of Mps one binder kinase activator-1 (MOB1) in T lymphocytes in vivo. T-cell-specific double knockout (DKO) of MOB1A/B in mice [tMob1 DKO mice] reduces the number of naïve T cells in both the circulation and secondary lymphoid organs, but leads to an accumulation of CD4+ CD8- and CD4- CD8+ single-positive (SP) cells in the thymus. In vitro, naïve MOB1A/B-deficient T cells show increased apoptosis and display impaired trafficking capacity in response to the chemokine CCL19. These defects are linked to suppression of the activation of MST and NDR kinases, but are independent of the downstream transcriptional co-activator Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). Thus, MOB1 proteins play an important role in thymic egress and T-cell survival that is mediated by a pathway other than conventional Hippo-YAP1 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wakako Kato
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.,Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Nishio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.,Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoko To
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideru Togashi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tak Wah Mak
- The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hidetoshi Takada
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Maehama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.,Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
White SM, Murakami S, Yi C. The complex entanglement of Hippo-Yap/Taz signaling in tumor immunity. Oncogene 2019; 38:2899-2909. [PMID: 30617303 PMCID: PMC7567008 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0649-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo-Yap/Taz pathway, originally identified as a central developmental regulator of organ size, has been found perturbed in many types of human tumors, and linked to tumor growth, survival, evasion, metastasis, stemness, and drug resistance. Beside these tumor-cell-intrinsic functions, Hippo signaling also plays important immune-regulatory roles. In this review, we will summarize and discuss recent breakthroughs in our understanding of how various components of the Hippo-Yap/Taz pathway influence the tumor immune microenvironment, including their effects on the tumor secretome and immune infiltrates, their roles in regulating crosstalk between tumor cells and T cells, and finally their intrinsic functions in various types of innate and adaptive immune cells. While further research is needed to integrate and reconcile existing findings and to discern the overall effects of Hippo signaling on tumor immunity, it is clear that Hippo signaling functions as a key bridge connecting tumor cells with both the adaptive and innate immune systems. Thus, all future therapeutic development against the Hippo-Yap/Taz pathway should take into account their multi-faceted roles in regulating tumor immunity in addition to their growth-regulatory functions. Given that immune therapies have become the mainstay of cancer treatment, it is also important to pursue how to manipulate Hippo signaling to boost response or overcome resistance to existing immune therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M White
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shigekazu Murakami
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chunling Yi
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Macrophage achieves self-protection against oxidative stress-induced ageing through the Mst-Nrf2 axis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:755. [PMID: 30765703 PMCID: PMC6376064 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in phagocytes is a major defense mechanism against pathogens. However, the cellular self-protective mechanism against such potential damage from oxidative stress remains unclear. Here we show that the kinases Mst1 and Mst2 (Mst1/2) sense ROS and maintain cellular redox balance by modulating the stability of antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2. Site-specific ROS release recruits Mst1/2 from the cytosol to the phagosomal or mitochondrial membrane, with ROS subsequently activating Mst1/2 to phosphorylate kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1) and prevent Keap1 polymerization, thereby blocking Nrf2 ubiquitination and degradation to protect cells against oxidative damage. Treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine disrupts ROS-induced interaction of Mst1/2 with phagosomes or mitochondria, and thereby diminishes the Mst-Nrf2 signal. Consistently, loss of Mst1/2 results in increased oxidative injury, phagocyte ageing and death. Thus, our results identify the Mst-Nrf2 axis as an important ROS-sensing and antioxidant mechanism during an antimicrobial response. Immune cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate pathogens, but cell-spontaneous death and ageing may also be induced. Here the authors show that, upon sensing ROS, Mst1/2 kinases modulate the activity of Nrf2 transcription factor and downstream genetic programs to protect mouse macrophages from death and ageing.
Collapse
|
39
|
Waldt N, Seifert A, Demiray YE, Devroe E, Turk BE, Reichardt P, Mix C, Reinhold A, Freund C, Müller AJ, Schraven B, Stork O, Kliche S. Filamin A Phosphorylation at Serine 2152 by the Serine/Threonine Kinase Ndr2 Controls TCR-Induced LFA-1 Activation in T Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2852. [PMID: 30568657 PMCID: PMC6290345 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrin LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) plays a critical role in the interaction of T cells with antigen presenting cells (APCs) to promote lymphocyte differentiation and proliferation. This integrin can be present either in a closed or in an open active conformation and its activation upon T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation is a critical step to allow interaction with APCs. In this study we demonstrate that the serine/threonine kinase Ndr2 is critically involved in the initiation of TCR-mediated LFA-1 activation (open conformation) in T cells. Ndr2 itself becomes activated upon TCR stimulation and phosphorylates the intracellular integrin binding partner Filamin A (FLNa) at serine 2152. This phosphorylation promotes the dissociation of FLNa from LFA-1, allowing for a subsequent association of Talin and Kindlin-3 which both stabilize the open conformation of LFA-1. Our data suggest that Ndr2 activation is a crucial step to initiate TCR-mediated LFA-1 activation in T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Waldt
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anke Seifert
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yunus Emre Demiray
- Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eric Devroe
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Peter Reichardt
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Charlie Mix
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annegret Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christian Freund
- Protein Biochemistry Group, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas J Müller
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Intravital Microscopy of Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Burkhart Schraven
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Immune Control Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oliver Stork
- Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics and Molecular Neurobiology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kliche
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GC-I3), Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kurz ARM, Catz SD, Sperandio M. Noncanonical Hippo Signalling in the Regulation of Leukocyte Function. Trends Immunol 2018; 39:656-669. [PMID: 29954663 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian sterile 20-like (MST) kinases are central constituents of the evolutionary ancient canonical Hippo pathway regulating cell proliferation and survival. However, perhaps surprisingly, MST1 deficiency in human patients leads to a severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome with features of autoimmune disease. In line with this, Mst1-deficient mice exhibit severe defects in lymphocyte and neutrophil functions as well as disturbed intracellular vesicle transport. These findings spurred research on the noncanonical functions of MST1 in leukocytes. Here, we summarise the latest findings on this topic and discuss MST1 as a critical regulator of various leukocyte functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela R M Kurz
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, BMC, Klinikum der Universität, LMU Munich, Germany; The Centenary Institute, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sergio D Catz
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Walter Brendel Center of Experimental Medicine, BMC, Klinikum der Universität, LMU Munich, Germany; DZHK Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chu P, He L, Xiong L, Luo L, Huang R, Liao L, Li Y, Zhu Z, Wang Y. Molecular cloning, expression analysis and localization pattern of the MST family in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 76:316-323. [PMID: 29550601 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian sterile 20-like (MST) family, which belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase superfamily, has five members that can be found in mammals: STK3 (also called MST2), STK4 (MST1), STK24 (MST3), STK25 (YSK1 or SOK1), and STK26 (MST4). The MST kinases have key roles in apoptosis, immune regulation, inflammatory responses, cancer, and cell proliferation in mammals, whereas the roles and transcriptional regulatory mechanism of these kinases in teleost fish are still unclear. In this study, four STK genes (CiSTK3, CiSTK24, CiSTK25, and CiSTK26) were cloned and analyzed in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). All four STK genes were broadly expressed in the examined tissues, while their relative expression levels differed. In addition, after exposure to the grass carp reovirus, mRNA expression levels of the four STK genes were altered to different levels in the immune organs, and the levels were dramatically altered in the blood. Subcellular localization indicated that all four STK proteins were localized in the cytoplasm of transfected cells. Moreover, bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis revealed that mouse protein-25 could interact with CiSTK3, CiSTK24, CiSTK25, and CiSTK26 independently in grass carp. Thus, our findings provide new insights for understanding the functions of the MST family in teleosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Libo He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lv Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lifei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lanjie Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yongming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Laufer JM, Legler DF. Beyond migration-Chemokines in lymphocyte priming, differentiation, and modulating effector functions. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:301-312. [PMID: 29668063 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2mr1217-494r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors coordinate the positioning of leukocytes, and lymphocytes in particular, in space and time. Discrete lymphocyte subsets, depending on their activation and differentiation status, express various sets of chemokine receptors to be recruited to distinct tissues. Thus, the network of chemokines and their receptors ensures the correct localization of specialized lymphocyte subsets within the appropriate microenvironment enabling them to search for cognate antigens, to become activated, and to fulfill their effector functions. The chemokine system therefore is vital for the initiation as well as the regulation of immune responses to protect the body from pathogens while maintaining tolerance towards self. Besides the well investigated function of orchestrating directed cell migration, chemokines additionally act on lymphocytes in multiple ways to shape immune responses. In this review, we highlight and discuss the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in controlling cell-to-cell contacts required for lymphocyte arrest on endothelial cells and immunological synapse formation, in lymphocyte priming and differentiation, survival, as well as in modulating effector functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Laufer
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg), University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Daniel F Legler
- Biotechnology Institute Thurgau (BITg), University of Konstanz, Kreuzlingen, Switzerland.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhou Y, Huang T, Zhang J, Cheng ASL, Yu J, Kang W, To KF. Emerging roles of Hippo signaling in inflammation and YAP-driven tumor immunity. Cancer Lett 2018; 426:73-79. [PMID: 29654891 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Initially identified as a cell and organ size controller, Hippo pathway turns into a hotspot for researchers. Within recent years, more and more mechanisms about Hippo pathway were uncovered. Even though Hippo signaling has been revealed to exert controversial roles according to different cell context and microenvironment, which is because of its diversified interplays with a great variety of signaling transduction cascades; mechanisms other than size-limitation, however, remain to be elucidated. Recently, a growing number of studies tend to put Hippo on inflammatory and immunological focus: its antimicrobial role in flies, its pro- or anti-inflammation in mammals, as well as its relevance to cancerous immunity. From inflammation to tumor immunogenicity, Hippo has been gradually justified to play a crucial role. This review summarized the latest findings regarding the involvement of Hippo pathway in immunity, and a more comprehensive understanding of Hippo pathway will shed light on clinical translational potential even precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhou
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Digestive Disease, Partner State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Digestive Disease, Partner State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Digestive Disease, Partner State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Alfred S L Cheng
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China; School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Partner State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Digestive Disease, Partner State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China.
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Institute of Digestive Disease, Partner State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Taha Z, Janse van Rensburg HJ, Yang X. The Hippo Pathway: Immunity and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040094. [PMID: 29597279 PMCID: PMC5923349 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, the Hippo pathway has emerged as a central signaling network in mammalian cells. Canonical signaling through the Hippo pathway core components (MST1/2, LATS1/2, YAP and TAZ) is important for development and tissue homeostasis while aberrant signaling through the Hippo pathway has been implicated in multiple pathologies, including cancer. Recent studies have uncovered new roles for the Hippo pathway in immunology. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which Hippo signaling in pathogen-infected or neoplastic cells affects the activities of immune cells that respond to these threats. We further discuss how Hippo signaling functions as part of an immune response. Finally, we review how immune cell-intrinsic Hippo signaling modulates the development/function of leukocytes and propose directions for future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Taha
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | | | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Role of Hippo signaling in regulating immunity. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 15:1003-1009. [PMID: 29568120 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-018-0007-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway has been established as a key regulator of organ size control, tumor suppression, and tissue regeneration in multiple organisms. Recently, emerging evidence has indicated that Hippo signaling might play an important role in regulating the immune system in both Drosophila and mammals. In particular, patients bearing a loss-of-function mutation of MST1 are reported to have an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency syndrome. MST1/2 kinases, the mammalian orthologs of Drosophila Hippo, may activate the non-canonical Hippo signaling pathway via MOB1A/B and/or NDR1/2 or cross-talk with other essential signaling pathways to regulate both innate and adaptive immunity. In this review, we present and discuss recent findings of cellular mechanisms/functions of Hippo signaling in the innate immunity in Drosophila and in mammals, T cell immunity, as well as the implications of Hippo signaling for tumor immunity.
Collapse
|
46
|
Cheng J, Jing Y, Kang D, Yang L, Li J, Yu Z, Peng Z, Li X, Wei Y, Gong Q, Miron RJ, Zhang Y, Liu C. The Role of Mst1 in Lymphocyte Homeostasis and Function. Front Immunol 2018; 9:149. [PMID: 29459865 PMCID: PMC5807685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway crucial for regulating tissue size and for limiting cancer development. However, recent work has also uncovered key roles for the mammalian Hippo kinases, Mst1/2, in driving appropriate immune responses by directing T cell migration, morphology, survival, differentiation, and activation. In this review, we discuss the classical signaling pathways orchestrated by the Hippo signaling pathway, and describe how Mst1/2 direct T cell function by mechanisms not seeming to involve the classical Hippo pathway. We also discuss why Mst1/2 might have different functions within organ systems and the immune system. Overall, understanding how Mst1/2 transmit signals to discrete biological processes in different cell types might allow for the development of better drug therapies for the treatments of cancers and immune-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yukai Jing
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Danqing Kang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zican Peng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingbo Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yin Wei
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan Gong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,Clinical Molecular Immunology Center, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Richard J Miron
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaohong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lee DH, Kim TS, Lee D, Lim DS. Mammalian sterile 20 kinase 1 and 2 are important regulators of hematopoietic stem cells in stress condition. Sci Rep 2018; 8:942. [PMID: 29343826 PMCID: PMC5772645 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19637-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian Hippo signaling pathway has been implicated in the self-renewal and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells. MST1 and MST2 (MST1/2) are core serine-threonine kinases in the Hippo signaling pathway, one of which, MST1, has been extensively investigated for its role in T cell and myeloid cell function. These studies have identified MST1 as a promising therapeutic target in immunological disease. However, the roles of MST1/2 in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function in vivo are not fully understood. Here, we report that mice with a conditional deletion of Mst1/2 exhibit impaired hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function under stress condition. Furthermore, Mst1/2 deletion markedly altered mature cell output. Therefore, MST1/2 are indispensable for maintenance as well as function of stem and progenitor cells under steady state conditions and with transplantation stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hye Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Creative Research Initiatives Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae-Shin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Creative Research Initiatives Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Korea.
| | - Dae-Sik Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Creative Research Initiatives Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The mammalian STE20-like (MST) protein kinases are composed of MST1, MST2, MST3, MST4 and YSK1. They play crucial roles in cell growth, migration, polarity and apoptosis. Dysfunction of these kinases often leads to diseases. MST kinases are extensively involved in development and function of immune system. Here, we review recent progresses on the regulatory function of MST kinases in innate immune signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhubing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaocai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Samuelsson M, Potrzebowska K, Lehtonen J, Beech JP, Skorova E, Uronen-Hansson H, Svensson L. RhoB controls the Rab11-mediated recycling and surface reappearance of LFA-1 in migrating T lymphocytes. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/509/eaai8629. [PMID: 29233918 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aai8629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of cell adhesion and motility is complex and requires the intracellular trafficking of integrins to and from sites of cell adhesion, especially in fast-moving cells such as leukocytes. The Rab family of guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) is essential for vesicle transport, and vesicles mediate intracellular integrin trafficking. We showed that RhoB regulates the vesicular transport of the integrin LFA-1 along the microtubule network in migrating T lymphocytes. Impairment in RhoB function resulted in the accumulation of both LFA-1 and the recycling endosomal marker Rab11 at the rear of migrating T lymphocytes and decreased the association between these molecules. T lymphocytes lacking functional RhoB exhibited impaired recycling and subsequently decreased surface amounts of LFA-1, leading to reduced T cell adhesion and migration mediated by the cell adhesion molecule ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1). We propose that vesicle-associated RhoB is a regulator of the Rab11-mediated recycling of LFA-1 to the cell surface, an event that is necessary for T lymphocyte motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malin Samuelsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Janne Lehtonen
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jason P Beech
- Department of Solid State Physics, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ekatarina Skorova
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Heli Uronen-Hansson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lena Svensson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden. .,The School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Xiong Y, Ye C, Yang N, Li M, Liu H. Ubc9 Binds to ADAP and Is Required for Rap1 Membrane Recruitment, Rac1 Activation, and Integrin-Mediated T Cell Adhesion. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:4142-4154. [PMID: 29127148 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although the immune adaptor adhesion and degranulation-promoting adaptor protein (ADAP) acts as a key mediator of integrin inside-out signaling leading to T cell adhesion, the regulation of this adaptor during integrin activation and clustering remains unclear. We now identify Ubc9, the sole small ubiquitin-related modifier E2 conjugase, as an essential regulator of ADAP where it is required for TCR-induced membrane recruitment of the small GTPase Rap1 and its effector protein RapL and for activation of the small GTPase Rac1 in T cell adhesion. We show that Ubc9 interacted directly with ADAP in vitro and in vivo, and the association was increased in response to anti-CD3 stimulation. The Ubc9-binding domain on ADAP was mapped to a nuclear localization sequence (aa 674-700) within ADAP. Knockdown of Ubc9 by short hairpin RNA or expression of the Ubc9-binding-deficient ADAP mutant significantly decreased TCR-induced integrin adhesion to ICAM-1 and fibronectin, as well as LFA-1 clustering, although it had little effect on the TCR proximal signaling responses and TCR-induced IL-2 transcription. Furthermore, downregulation of Ubc9 impaired TCR-mediated Rac1 activation and attenuated the membrane targeting of Rap1 and RapL, but not Rap1-interacting adaptor molecule. Taken together, our data demonstrate for the first time, to our knowledge, that Ubc9 acts as a functional binding partner of ADAP and plays a selective role in integrin-mediated T cell adhesion via modulation of Rap1-RapL membrane recruitment and Rac1 activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Xiong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; and
| | - Chengjin Ye
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Naiqi Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; and
| | - Madanqi Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; and
| | - Hebin Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; and .,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| |
Collapse
|