1
|
Ma Y, Zhang Y, Xu J, Zhao D, Guo L, Liu X, Zhang H. Recent advances in response to environmental signals during Arabidopsis root development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109037. [PMID: 39173364 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Plants grow by anchoring their roots in the soil, acquiring essential water and nutrients for growth, and interacting with other signaling factors in the soil. Root systems are crucial for both the basic growth and development of plants and their response to external environmental stimuli. Under different environmental conditions, the configuration of root systems in plants can undergo significant changes, with their strength determining the plant's ability to adapt to the environment. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms by which environmental factors regulate root development is essential for crop root architecture improvement and breeding for stress resistance. This paper summarizes the research progress in genetic regulation of root development of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. amidst diverse environmental stimuli over the past five years. Specifically, it focuses on the regulatory networks of environmental signals, encompassing light, energy, temperature, water, nutrients, and reactive oxygen species, on root development. Furthermore, it provides prospects for the application of root architecture improvement in crop breeding for stress resistance and nutrient efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China; College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, 053010, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
| | - Xigang Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen L, Liu M, Li Y, Guan Y, Ruan J, Mao Z, Wang W, Yang HQ, Guo T. Arabidopsis cryptochromes interact with SOG1 to promote the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 724:150233. [PMID: 38865814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cryptochromes (CRYs) are blue light (BL) photoreceptors to regulate a variety of physiological processes including DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RADIATION 1 (SOG1) acts as the central transcription factor of DNA damage response (DDR) to induce the transcription of downstream genes, including DSB repair-related genes BRCA1 and RAD51. Whether CRYs regulate DSB repair by directly modulating SOG1 is unknown. Here, we demonstrate that CRYs physically interact with SOG1. Disruption of CRYs and SOG1 leads to increased sensitivity to DSBs and reduced DSB repair-related genes' expression under BL. Moreover, we found that CRY1 enhances SOG1's transcription activation of DSB repair-related gene BRCA1. These results suggest that the mechanism by which CRYs promote DSB repair involves positive regulation of SOG1's transcription of its target genes, which is likely mediated by CRYs-SOG1 interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Minqing Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yupeng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yan Guan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jiaqi Ruan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhilei Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Hong-Quan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Tongtong Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gupta P, Jaiswal P. Transcriptional Modulation during Photomorphogenesis in Rice Seedlings. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1072. [PMID: 39202430 PMCID: PMC11353317 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Light is one of the most important factors regulating plant gene expression patterns, metabolism, physiology, growth, and development. To explore how light may induce or alter transcript splicing, we conducted RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analyses by comparing the samples harvested as etiolated seedlings grown under continuous dark conditions vs. the light-treated green seedlings. The study aims to reveal differentially regulated protein-coding genes and novel long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), their light-induced alternative splicing, and their association with biological pathways. We identified 14,766 differentially expressed genes, of which 4369 genes showed alternative splicing. We observed that genes mapped to the plastid-localized methyl-erythritol-phosphate (MEP) pathway were light-upregulated compared to the cytosolic mevalonate (MVA) pathway genes. Many of these genes also undergo splicing. These pathways provide crucial metabolite precursors for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolic compounds needed for chloroplast biogenesis, the establishment of a successful photosynthetic apparatus, and photomorphogenesis. In the chromosome-wide survey of the light-induced transcriptome, we observed intron retention as the most predominant splicing event. In addition, we identified 1709 novel lncRNA transcripts in our transcriptome data. This study provides insights on light-regulated gene expression and alternative splicing in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pankaj Jaiswal
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun J, Liu H, Wang W, Fan C, Yuan G, Zhou R, Lu J, Liu J, Wang C. RcOST1L phosphorylates RcPIF4 for proteasomal degradation to promote flowering in rose. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:1387-1405. [PMID: 38849320 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Flowering is a vital agronomic trait that determines the economic value of most ornamental plants. The flowering time of rose (Rosa spp.) is photoperiod insensitive and is thought to be tightly controlled by light intensity, although the detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we showed that rose plants flower later under low-light (LL) intensity than under high-light (HL) intensity, which is mainly related to the stability of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (RcPIFs) mediated by OPEN STOMATA 1-Like (RcOST1L) under different light intensity regimes. We determined that HL conditions trigger the rapid phosphorylation of RcPIFs before their degradation. A yeast two-hybrid screen identified the kinase RcOST1L as interacting with RcPIF4. Moreover, RcOST1L positively regulated rose flowering and directly phosphorylated RcPIF4 on serine 198 to promote its degradation under HL conditions. Additionally, phytochrome B (RcphyB) enhanced RcOST1L-mediated phosphorylation of RcPIF4 via interacting with the active phyB-binding motif. RcphyB was activated upon HL and recruited RcOST1L to facilitate its nuclear accumulation, in turn leading to decreased stability of RcPIF4 and flowering acceleration. Our findings illustrate how RcPIF abundance safeguards proper rose flowering under different light intensities, thus uncovering the essential role of RcOST1L in the RcphyB-RcPIF4 module in flowering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongchi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Weinan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chunguo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guozhen Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu M, Wang YY, Wu Y, Zhou X, Shan Z, Tao K, Qian K, Wang X, Li J, Wu Q, Deng XW, Ling JJ. Green light mediates atypical photomorphogenesis by dual modulation of Arabidopsis phytochromes B and A. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39023402 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Although green light (GL) is located in the middle of the visible light spectrum and regulates a series of plant developmental processes, the mechanism by which it regulates seedling development is largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that GL promotes atypical photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana via the dual regulations of phytochrome B (phyB) and phyA. Although the Pr-to-Pfr conversion rates of phyB and phyA under GL were lower than those under red light (RL) in a fluence rate-dependent and time-dependent manner, long-term treatment with GL induced high Pfr/Pr ratios of phyB and phyA. Moreover, GL induced the formation of numerous small phyB photobodies in the nucleus, resulting in atypical photomorphogenesis, with smaller cotyledon opening angles and longer hypocotyls in seedlings compared to RL. The abundance of phyA significantly decreased after short- and long-term GL treatments. We determined that four major PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs: PIF1, PIF3, PIF4, and PIF5) act downstream of phyB in GL-mediated cotyledon opening. In addition, GL plays opposite roles in regulating different PIFs. For example, under continuous GL, the protein levels of all PIFs decreased, whereas the transcript levels of PIF4 and PIF5 strongly increased compared with dark treatment. Taken together, our work provides a detailed molecular framework for understanding the role of the antagonistic regulations of phyB and phyA in GL-mediated atypical photomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miqi Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiuhong Zhou
- Biotechnology Center, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, School of Tea and Food Sciences and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ziyan Shan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kunying Tao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kaiqiang Qian
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xuncheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xing Wang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences at Weifang, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Jun-Jie Ling
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Province Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen L, Ruan J, Li Y, Liu M, Liu Y, Guan Y, Mao Z, Wang W, Yang HQ, Guo T. ADA2b acts to positively regulate blue light-mediated photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 717:150050. [PMID: 38718571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Cryptochromes (CRYs) act as blue light photoreceptors to regulate various plant physiological processes including photomorphogenesis and repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). ADA2b is a conserved transcription co-activator that is involved in multiple plant developmental processes. It is known that ADA2b interacts with CRYs to mediate blue light-promoted DSBs repair. Whether ADA2b may participate in CRYs-mediated photomorphogenesis is unknown. Here we show that ADA2b acts to inhibit hypocotyl elongation and hypocotyl cell elongation in blue light. We found that the SWIRM domain-containing C-terminus mediates the blue light-dependent interaction of ADA2b with CRYs in blue light. Moreover, ADA2b and CRYs act to co-regulate the expression of hypocotyl elongation-related genes in blue light. Based on previous studies and these results, we propose that ADA2b plays dual functions in blue light-mediated DNA damage repair and photomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jiaqi Ruan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yupeng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Minqing Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yan Guan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhilei Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Hong-Quan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Tongtong Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China; Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Plant Germplasm Resources Development, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu B, Jia X, Zhu W, Gao Y, Tan K, Duan Y, Chen L, Fan H, Wang Y, Liu X, Xuan Y, Zhu X. Light signaling regulates root-knot nematode infection and development via HY5-SWEET signaling. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:664. [PMID: 38992595 PMCID: PMC11238492 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meloidogyne incognita is one of the most important plant-parasitic nematodes and causes tremendous losses to the agricultural economy. Light is an important living factor for plants and pathogenic organisms, and sufficient light promotes root-knot nematode infection, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. RESULTS Expression level and genetic analyses revealed that the photoreceptor genes PHY, CRY, and PHOT have a negative impact on nematode infection. Interestingly, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5), a downstream gene involved in the regulation of light signaling, is associated with photoreceptor-mediated negative regulation of root-knot nematode resistance. ChIP and yeast one-hybrid assays supported that HY5 participates in plant-to-root-knot nematode responses by directly binding to the SWEET negative regulatory factors involved in root-knot nematode resistance. CONCLUSIONS This study elucidates the important role of light signaling pathways in plant resistance to nematodes, providing a new perspective for RKN resistance research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bohong Wu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueying Jia
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yin Gao
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kefei Tan
- Helongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yuxi Duan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lijie Chen
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- College of Sciences, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen X, Fan Y, Guo Y, Li S, Zhang B, Li H, Liu LJ. Blue light photoreceptor cryptochrome 1 promotes wood formation and anthocyanin biosynthesis in Populus. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2044-2057. [PMID: 38392920 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Blue light photoreceptor cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) in herbaceous plants plays crucial roles in various developmental processes, including cotyledon expansion, hypocotyl elongation and anthocyanin biosynthesis. However, the function of CRY1 in perennial trees is unclear. In this study, we identified two ortholog genes of CRY1 (PagCRY1a and PagCRY1b) from Populus, which displayed high sequence similarity to Arabidopsis CRY1. Overexpression of PagCRY1 substantially inhibited plant growth and promoted secondary xylem development in Populus, while CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of PagCRY1 enhanced plant growth and delayed secondary xylem development. Moreover, overexpression of PagCRY1 dramatically increased anthocyanin accumulation. The further analysis supported that PagCRY1 functions specifically in response to blue light. Taken together, our results demonstrated that modulating the expression of blue light photoreceptor CRY1 ortholog gene in Populus could significantly influence plant biomass production and the process of wood formation, laying a foundation for further investigating the light-regulated tree growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Chen
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yiting Fan
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Guo
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyi Li
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Jun Liu
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cooper C, Folta KM. Thai Oakleaf Lettuce Phenocopies a Phytochrome B Mutant. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:390. [PMID: 38927270 PMCID: PMC11200548 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Photomorphogenic development in seedlings may be diagnostic of future plant performance. In this report, we characterize the Thai Oakleaf lettuce genotype, as it exhibited abnormalities in photomorphogenic development that were the most conspicuous under red light, including defects in hypocotyl growth inhibition, decreased cotyledon expansion, and constitutive shade avoidance tendencies. These observations are consistent with defects in red light sensing through the phytochrome B (phyB) photoreceptor system. This genotype is sold commercially as a heat-tolerant variety, which aligns with the evidence that phyB acts as a thermosensor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin M. Folta
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fedorin DN, Eprintsev AT, Chuykova VO, Igamberdiev AU. Participation of miR165a in the Phytochrome Signal Transduction in Maize ( Zea mays L.) Leaves under Changing Light Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5733. [PMID: 38891921 PMCID: PMC11171563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the microRNA miR165a in the light-dependent mechanisms of regulation of target genes in maize (Zea mays) has been studied. The light-induced change in the content of free miR165a was associated with its binding by the AGO10 protein and not with a change in the rate of its synthesis from the precursor. The use of knockout Arabidopsis plants for the phytochrome A and B genes demonstrated that the presence of an active form of phytochrome B causes an increase in the level of the RNA-induced silencing miR165a complex, which triggers the degradation of target mRNAs. The two fractions of vesicles from maize leaves, P40 and P100 that bind miR165a, were isolated by ultracentrifugation. The P40 fraction consisted of larger vesicles of the size >0.170 µm, while the P100 fraction vesicles were <0.147 µm. Based on the quantitative PCR data, the predominant location of miR165a on the surface of extracellular vesicles of both fractions was established. The formation of the active form of phytochrome upon the irradiation of maize plants with red light led to a redistribution of miR165a, resulting in an increase in its proportion inside P40 vesicles and a decrease in P100 vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry N. Fedorin
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (D.N.F.); (A.T.E.); (V.O.C.)
| | - Alexander T. Eprintsev
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (D.N.F.); (A.T.E.); (V.O.C.)
| | - Victoria O. Chuykova
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (D.N.F.); (A.T.E.); (V.O.C.)
| | - Abir U. Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chu J, Newman J, Cho J. Molecular Mimicry of Transposable Elements in Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024:pcae058. [PMID: 38808931 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile DNA elements that are particularly abundant in the plant genomes. They have long been considered as junk DNA; however, a growing body of evidence suggests that TE insertions promote genetic diversity that is essential for the adaptive evolution of a species. Thus far, studies have mainly investigated the cis-acting regulatory roles of TEs generated by their insertions nearby or within the host genes. However, the trans-acting effects of TE-derived RNA and DNA remained obscure to date. TEs contain various regulatory elements within their sequences that can accommodate the binding of specific RNAs and proteins. Recently, it was suggested that some of these cellular regulators are shared between TEs and the host genes, and the competition for the common host factors underlies the fine-tuned developmental reprogramming. In this review, we will highlight and discuss the latest discoveries on the biological functions of plant TEs, with a particular focus on their competitive binding with specific developmental regulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, Beijing 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Josephine Newman
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Jungnam Cho
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mankotia S, Jakhar P, Satbhai SB. HY5: a key regulator for light-mediated nutrient uptake and utilization by plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1929-1935. [PMID: 38178773 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a bZIP-type transcription factor, is a master regulator of light-mediated responses. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 binds to the promoter of c. 3000 genes, thereby regulating various physiological and biological processes, including photomorphogenesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, root development, response to abiotic stress and nutrient homeostasis. In recent decades, it has become clear that light signaling plays a crucial role in promoting nutrient uptake and assimilation. Recent studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying such encouraging effects and the crucial function of the transcription factor HY5, whose activity is regulated by many photoreceptors. The discovery that HY5 directly activates the expression of genes involved in nutrient uptake and utilization, including several nitrogen, iron, sulphur, phosphorus and copper uptake and assimilation-related genes, enhances our understanding of how light signaling regulates uptake and utilisation of multiple nutrients in plants. Here, we review recent advances in the role of HY5 in light-dependent nutrient uptake and utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samriti Mankotia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Pooja Jakhar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Santosh B Satbhai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Mohali, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhou N, Li C, Xie W, Liang N, Wang J, Wang B, Wu J, Shen WH, Liu B, Dong A. Histone methylation readers MRG1/2 interact with PIF4 to promote thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113726. [PMID: 38308844 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Warm ambient conditions induce thermomorphogenesis and affect plant growth and development. However, the chromatin regulatory mechanisms involved in thermomorphogenesis remain largely obscure. In this study, we show that the histone methylation readers MORF-related gene 1 and 2 (MRG1/2) are required to promote hypocotyl elongation in response to warm ambient conditions. A transcriptome sequencing analysis indicates that MRG1/2 and phytochrome interacting factor 4 (PIF4) coactivate a number of thermoresponsive genes, including YUCCA8, which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme in the auxin biosynthesis pathway. Additionally, MRG2 physically interacts with PIF4 to bind to thermoresponsive genes and enhances the H4K5 acetylation of the chromatin of target genes in a PIF4-dependent manner. Furthermore, MRG2 competes with phyB for binding to PIF4 and stabilizes PIF4 in planta. Our study indicates that MRG1/2 activate thermoresponsive genes by inducing histone acetylation and stabilizing PIF4 in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Chengzhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Wenhao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Ning Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Jiachen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Baihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Jiabing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hui Shen
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg Cédex, France
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China; Department of Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Aiwu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bueno PMC, Vendrame WA. Wavelength and Light Intensity Affect Macro- and Micronutrient Uptake, Stomata Number, and Plant Morphology of Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:441. [PMID: 38337974 PMCID: PMC10857323 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
It is already known that light quality and intensity have major influences on the growth, etiolation, germination, and morphology of many plant species, but there is limited information about the effect of wavelength and light intensity on nutrient absorption by plants. Therefore, this study was established to evaluate the plant growth, stomata formation, chlorophyll index, and absorption of macro- and micronutrients by common bean plants under six light treatments. The experimental design was completely randomized and consisted of six treatments: strong blue (blue LED at high light intensity); weak blue (blue LED at low light intensity); strong red (red LED at high light intensity); weak red (red LED at low light intensity; pink (combined red + blue LED), and white (combined red + white led). The stomatal density (stomata mm-2); the SPAD index; plant height (cm); root length (cm); plant dry weight (g); root dry weight (g); and the concentrations of N, S, K, Mg, Ca, B, Zn, Mn, and Fe on leaf analysis were influenced by all treatments. We found that plant photomorphogenesis is controlled not only by the wavelength, but also by the light intensity. Etiolation was observed in bean plants under blue light at low intensity, but when the same wavelength had more intensity, the etiolation did not happen, and the plant height was the same as plants under multichromatic lights (pink and white light). The smallest plants showed the largest roots, some of the highest chlorophyll contents, and some of the highest stomatal densities, and consequently, the highest dry weight, under white LED, showing that the multichromatic light at high intensity resulted in better conditions for the plants in carbon fixation. The effect of blue light on plant morphology is intensity-dependent. Plants under multichromatic light tend to have lower concentrations of N, K, Mg, and Cu in their leaves, but the final amount of these nutrients absorbed is higher because of the higher dry weight of these plants. Plants under blue light at high intensity tended to have lower concentrations of N, Cu, B, and Zn when compared to the same wavelength at low intensity, and their dry weight was not different from plants grown under pink light. New studies are needed to understand how and on what occasions intense blue light can replace red light in plant physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wagner A. Vendrame
- Environmental Horticulture Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu S, Gao Y, Zhang Q, Liu F, Hu W. Application of Multi-Omics Technologies to the Study of Phytochromes in Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:99. [PMID: 38247523 PMCID: PMC10812741 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytochromes (phy) are distributed in various plant organs, and their physiological effects influence plant germination, flowering, fruiting, and senescence, as well as regulate morphogenesis throughout the plant life cycle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key regulatory factor in plant systemic responses to environmental stimuli, with an attractive regulatory relationship with phytochromes. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, omics techniques have become powerful tools, and researchers have used omics techniques to facilitate the big data revolution. For an in-depth analysis of phytochrome-mediated signaling pathways, integrated multi-omics (transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) approaches may provide the answer from a global perspective. This article comprehensively elaborates on applying multi-omics techniques in studying phytochromes. We describe the current research status and future directions on transcriptome-, proteome-, and metabolome-related network components mediated by phytochromes when cells are subjected to various stimulation. We emphasize the importance of multi-omics technologies in exploring the effects of phytochromes on cells and their molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we provide methods and ideas for future crop improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Wu
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qi Zhang
- Basic Medical Experiment Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (S.W.); (Y.G.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Weiming Hu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen J, Xu H, Liu Q, Ke M, Zhang Z, Wang X, Gao Z, Wu R, Yuan Q, Qian C, Huang L, Chen J, Han Q, Guan Y, Yu X, Huang X, Chen X. Shoot-to-root communication via GmUVR8-GmSTF3 photosignaling and flavonoid biosynthesis fine-tunes soybean nodulation under UV-B light. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:209-226. [PMID: 37881032 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Legume nodulation requires light perception by plant shoots and precise long-distance communication between shoot and root. Recent studies have revealed that TGACG-motif binding factors (GmSTFs) integrate light signals to promote root nodulation; however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying nodule formation in changing light conditions remain elusive. Here, we applied genetic engineering, metabolite measurement, and transcriptional analysis to study soybean (Glycine max) nodules. We clarify a fine-tuning mechanism in response to ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation and rhizobia infection, involving GmUVR8-dependent UV-B perception and GmSTF3/4-GmMYB12-GmCHS-mediated (iso)flavonoid biosynthesis for soybean nodule formation. GmUVR8 receptor-perceived UV-B signal triggered R2R3-MYB transcription factors GmMYB12-dependent flavonoid biosynthesis separately in shoot and root. In shoot, UV-B-triggered flavonoid biosynthesis relied on GmUVR8a, b, c receptor-dependent activation of GmMYB12L-GmCHS8 (chalcone synthase) module. In root, UV-B signaling distinctly promotes the accumulation of the isoflavones, daidzein, and its derivative coumestrol, via GmMYB12B2-GmCHS9 module, resulting in hypernodulation. The mobile transcription factors, GmSTF3/4, bind to cis-regulatory elements in the GmMYB12L, GmMYB12B2, and GmCHS9 promoters, to coordinate UV-B light perception in shoot and (iso)flavonoid biosynthesis in root. Our findings establish a novel shoot-to-root communication module involved in soybean nodulation and reveal an adaptive strategy employed by soybean roots in response to UV-B light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Chen
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Huifang Xu
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Meiyu Ke
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhongqin Zhang
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Agricultural Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Ruimei Wu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qiao Yuan
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Chongzhen Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Laimei Huang
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jiaomei Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qingqing Han
- College of Life Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Yuefeng Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Xi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Horticultural Plant Biology and Metabolomics Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mironov VL. Geomagnetic Anomaly in the Growth Response of Peat Moss Sphagnum riparium to Temperature. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:48. [PMID: 38202356 PMCID: PMC10780739 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Temperature plays an essential role in a plant's life. The current investigation reveals that photoreceptors, whose activity is affected by the geomagnetic field, are a critical element of its perception. This knowledge suggests that plants' responses to temperature could shift in different geomagnetic conditions. To test this hypothesis, we studied the change in the growth response of the peat moss Sphagnum riparium to temperature with a gradual increase in the geomagnetic Kp index. Growth data for this species were collected from Karelian mires by detailed monitoring over eight full growing seasons. The growth of 209,490 shoots was measured and 1439 growth rates were obtained for this period. The analysis showed a strong positive dependence of sphagnum growth on temperature (r = 0.58; n = 1439; P = 1.7 × 10-119), which is strongest in the Kp range from 0.87 to 1.61 (r = 0.65; n = 464; P = 4.5 × 10-58). This Kp interval is clearer after removing the seasonal contributions from the growth rate and temperature and is preserved when diurnal temperature is used. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis and show the unknown contribution of the geomagnetic field to the temperature responses of plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor L Mironov
- Institute of Biology of the Karelian Research, Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushkinskaya St. 11, 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen H, Wang W, Chen X, Niu Y, Qi Y, Yu Z, Xiong M, Xu P, Wang W, Guo T, Yang HQ, Mao Z. PIFs interact with SWI2/SNF2-related 1 complex subunit 6 to regulate H2A.Z deposition and photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:983-992. [PMID: 37120038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Light is an essential environmental signal perceived by a broad range of photoreceptors in plants. Among them, the red/far-red light receptor phytochromes function to promote photomorphogenesis, which is critical to the survival of seedlings after seeds germination. The basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factors phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are the pivotal direct downstream components of phytochromes. H2A.Z is a highly conserved histone variant regulating gene transcription, and its incorporation into nucleosomes is catalyzed by SWI2/SNF2-related 1 complex, in which SWI2/SNF2-related 1 complex subunit 6 (SWC6) and actin-related protein 6 (ARP6) serve as core subunits. Here, we show that PIFs physically interact with SWC6 in vitro and in vivo, leading to the disassociation of HY5 from SWC6. SWC6 and ARP6 regulate hypocotyl elongation partly through PIFs in red light. PIFs and SWC6 coregulate the expression of auxin-responsive genes such as IAA6, IAA19, IAA20, and IAA29 and repress H2A.Z deposition at IAA6 and IAA19 in red light. Based on previous studies and our findings, we propose that PIFs inhibit photomorphogenesis, at least in part, through repression of H2A.Z deposition at auxin-responsive genes mediated by the interactions of PIFs with SWC6 and promotion of their expression in red light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Wanting Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yake Niu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ze Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Minyu Xiong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Pengbo Xu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Tongtong Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Hong-Quan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Zhilei Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McCue KF, Mehlferber E, Reed R, Ortiz A, Ferrel J, Khanna R. Photosynthetically active radiation is required for seedling growth promotion by volcanic dacitic tuff breccia (Azomite). PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e537. [PMID: 38044963 PMCID: PMC10690473 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A plant's growth and development are shaped by its genome and the capacity to negotiate its environment for access to light, water, and nutrients. There is a vital need to understand the interactions between the plant, its physical environment, and the fertilizers used in agriculture. In this study, a commercially available volcanic ash fertilizer, Azomite®, characterized as dacitic (rhyolitic) tuff breccia, was tested for its effect on promoting early seedling vigor. Early growth and photomorphogenesis processes are well studied in Arabidopsis. Seedling assays under different light conditions were used to dissect the underlying mechanisms involved. These assays are well established and can be translated to agriculturally important crop plants. The volcanic ash fertilizer was tested at different concentrations on seedlings grown on basic media lacking sucrose either in continuous darkness (Dc), continuous Red (Rc), Far-Red (FRc), or White Light (WLc). Micronutrients in the volcanic ash significantly increased seedling growth under Rc and WLc, but not under Dc and FRc, indicating that photosynthetically active radiation was required for the observed growth increase. Furthermore, red-light photoreceptor mutant, phyB-9, lacked the growth response, and higher amount of fertilizer reduced growth in all conditions tested. These data suggest that light triggers the ability of the seedling to utilize micronutrients in volcanic ash in a dose-dependent manner. The methods described here can be used to establish mechanisms of activity of various nutrient inputs and, coupled with whole-genome expression profiling, can lead to better insights into optimizing nutrient field applications to improve crop production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kent F. McCue
- Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Crop Improvement and Genetics Research UnitUSDAAlbanyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Elijah Mehlferber
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA
| | - Robert Reed
- Biotechnology Education & Specialized Training (BEST) Internship Program, i‐Cultiver, Inc., in collaboration with Contra Costa Community CollegeSan PabloCaliforniaUSA
| | - Alexis Ortiz
- Biotechnology Education & Specialized Training (BEST) Internship Program, i‐Cultiver, Inc., in collaboration with Contra Costa Community CollegeSan PabloCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jon Ferrel
- Azomite Mineral Products, Inc.NephiUtahUSA
- i‐Cultiver, Inc.MantecaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Rajnish Khanna
- i‐Cultiver, Inc.MantecaCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Plant BiologyCarnegie Institution for ScienceStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kanojia A, Bhola D, Mudgil Y. Light signaling as cellular integrator of multiple environmental cues in plants. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1485-1503. [PMID: 38076763 PMCID: PMC10709290 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01364-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants being sessile need to rapidly adapt to the constantly changing environment through modifications in their internal clock, metabolism, and gene expression. They have evolved an intricate system to perceive and transfer the signals from the primary environmental factors namely light, temperature and water to regulate their growth development and survival. Over past few decades rigorous research using molecular genetics approaches, especially in model plant Arabidopsis, has resulted in substantial progress in discovering various photoreceptor systems and light signaling components. In parallel several molecular pathways operating in response to other environmental cues have also been elucidated. Interestingly, the studies have shown that expression profiles of genes involved in photomorphogenesis can undergo modulation in response to other cues from the environment. Recently, the photoreceptor, PHYB, has been shown to function as a thermosensor. Downstream components of light signaling pathway like COP1 and PIF have also emerged as integrating hubs for various kinds of signals. All these findings indicate that light signaling components may act as central integrator of various environmental cues to regulate plant growth and development processes. In this review, we present a perspective on cross talk of signaling mechanisms induced in response to myriad array of signals and their integration with the light signaling components. By putting light signals on the central stage, we propose the possibilities of enhancing plant resilience to the changing environment by fine-tuning the genetic manipulation of its signaling components in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kanojia
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Diksha Bhola
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Yashwanti Mudgil
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, 110007 India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gururani MA. Photobiotechnology for abiotic stress resilient crops: Recent advances and prospects. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20158. [PMID: 37810087 PMCID: PMC10559926 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Massive crop failures worldwide are caused by abiotic stress. In plants, adverse environmental conditions cause extensive damage to the overall physiology and agronomic yield at various levels. Phytochromes are photosensory phosphoproteins that absorb red (R)/far red (FR) light and play critical roles in different physiological and biochemical responses to light. Considering the role of phytochrome in essential plant developmental processes, genetically manipulating its expression offers a promising approach to crop improvement. Through modulated phytochrome-mediated signalling pathways, plants can become more resistant to environmental stresses by increasing photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant activity, and expression of genes associated with stress resistance. Plant growth and development in adverse environments can be improved by understanding the roles of phytochromes in stress tolerance characteristics. A comprehensive overview of recent findings regarding the role of phytochromes in modulating abiotic stress by discussing biochemical and molecular aspects of these mechanisms of photoreceptors is offered in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Anand Gururani
- Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Qiu X, Sun G, Liu F, Hu W. Functions of Plant Phytochrome Signaling Pathways in Adaptation to Diverse Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13201. [PMID: 37686008 PMCID: PMC10487518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochromes are receptors for red light (R)/far-red light (FR), which are not only involved in regulating the growth and development of plants but also in mediated resistance to various stresses. Studies have revealed that phytochrome signaling pathways play a crucial role in enabling plants to cope with abiotic stresses such as high/low temperatures, drought, high-intensity light, and salinity. Phytochromes and their components in light signaling pathways can also respond to biotic stresses caused by insect pests and microbial pathogens, thereby inducing plant resistance against them. Given that, this paper reviews recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of action of phytochromes in plant resistance to adversity and discusses the importance of modulating the genes involved in phytochrome signaling pathways to coordinate plant growth, development, and stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Qiu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China; (X.Q.); (G.S.)
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Guanghua Sun
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China; (X.Q.); (G.S.)
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China; (X.Q.); (G.S.)
| | - Weiming Hu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China; (X.Q.); (G.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sharma A, Samtani H, Sahu K, Sharma AK, Khurana JP, Khurana P. Functions of Phytochrome-Interacting Factors (PIFs) in the regulation of plant growth and development: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125234. [PMID: 37290549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors play important roles in governing plant responses upon changes in their ambient conditions. Any fluctuation in the supply of critical requirements for plants, such as optimum light, temperature, and water leads to the reprogramming of gene-signaling pathways. At the same time, plants also evaluate and shift their metabolism according to the various stages of development. Phytochrome-Interacting Factors are one of the most important classes of transcription factors that regulate both developmental and external stimuli-based growth of plants. This review focuses on the identification of PIFs in various organisms, regulation of PIFs by various proteins, functions of PIFs of Arabidopsis in diverse developmental pathways such as seed germination, photomorphogenesis, flowering, senescence, seed and fruit development, and external stimuli-induced plant responses such as shade avoidance response, thermomorphogenesis, and various abiotic stress responses. Recent advances related to the functional characterization of PIFs of crops such as rice, maize, and tomato have also been incorporated in this review, to ascertain the potential of PIFs as key regulators to enhance the agronomic traits of these crops. Thus, an attempt has been made to provide a holistic view of the function of PIFs in various processes in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarye Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Harsha Samtani
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Karishma Sahu
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Arun Kumar Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Jitendra Paul Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang Z, Chen L, Yu J. Maize WRKY28 interacts with the DELLA protein D8 to affect skotomorphogenesis and participates in the regulation of shade avoidance and plant architecture. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:3122-3141. [PMID: 36884355 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Competition for light from neighboring vegetation can trigger the shade-avoidance response (SAR) in plants, which is detrimental to their yield. The molecular mechanisms regulating SAR are well established in Arabidopsis, and some regulators of skotomorphogenesis have been found to be involved in the regulation of the SAR and plant architecture. However, the role of WRKY transcription factors in this process has rarely been reported, especially in maize (Zea mays). Here, we report that maize Zmwrky28 mutants exhibit shorter mesocotyls in etiolated seedlings. Molecular and biochemical analyses demonstrate that ZmWRKY28 directly binds to the promoter regions of the Small Auxin Up RNA (SAUR) gene ZmSAUR54 and the Phytochrome-Interacting Factor (PIF) gene ZmPIF4.1 to activate their expression. In addition, the maize DELLA protein Dwarf Plant8 (D8) interacts with ZmWRKY28 in the nucleus to inhibit its transcriptional activation activity. We also show that ZmWRKY28 participates in the regulation of the SAR, plant height, and leaf rolling and erectness in maize. Taken together, our results reveal that ZmWRKY28 is involved in GA-mediated skotomorphogenic development and can be used as a potential target to regulate SAR for breeding of high-density-tolerant cultivars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Limei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingjuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Alvarez MA, Li C, Lin H, Joe A, Padilla M, Woods DP, Dubcovsky J. EARLY FLOWERING 3 interactions with PHYTOCHROME B and PHOTOPERIOD1 are critical for the photoperiodic regulation of wheat heading time. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010655. [PMID: 37163495 PMCID: PMC10171656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoperiodic response is critical for plants to adjust their reproductive phase to the most favorable season. Wheat heads earlier under long days (LD) than under short days (SD) and this difference is mainly regulated by the PHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD1) gene. Tetraploid wheat plants carrying the Ppd-A1a allele with a large deletion in the promoter head earlier under SD than plants carrying the wildtype Ppd-A1b allele with an intact promoter. Phytochromes PHYB and PHYC are necessary for the light activation of PPD1, and mutations in either of these genes result in the downregulation of PPD1 and very late heading time. We show here that both effects are reverted when the phyB mutant is combined with loss-of-function mutations in EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a component of the Evening Complex (EC) in the circadian clock. We also show that the wheat ELF3 protein interacts with PHYB and PHYC, is rapidly modified by light, and binds to the PPD1 promoter in planta (likely as part of the EC). Deletion of the ELF3 binding region in the Ppd-A1a promoter results in PPD1 upregulation at dawn, similar to PPD1 alleles with intact promoters in the elf3 mutant background. The upregulation of PPD1 is correlated with the upregulation of the florigen gene FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (FT1) and early heading time. Loss-of-function mutations in PPD1 result in the downregulation of FT1 and delayed heading, even when combined with the elf3 mutation. Taken together, these results indicate that ELF3 operates downstream of PHYB as a direct transcriptional repressor of PPD1, and that this repression is relaxed both by light and by the deletion of the ELF3 binding region in the Ppd-A1a promoter. In summary, the regulation of the light mediated activation of PPD1 by ELF3 is critical for the photoperiodic regulation of wheat heading time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alejandra Alvarez
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chengxia Li
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Huiqiong Lin
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anna Joe
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mariana Padilla
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Daniel P Woods
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jorge Dubcovsky
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li H, Du H, He M, Wang J, Wang F, Yuan W, Huang Z, Cheng Q, Gou C, Chen Z, Liu B, Kong F, Fang C, Zhao X, Yu D. Natural variation of FKF1 controls flowering and adaptation during soybean domestication and improvement. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:1671-1684. [PMID: 36811193 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soybean (Glycine max) is a major source of protein and edible oil world-wide and is cultivated in a wide range of latitudes. However, it is extremely sensitive to photoperiod, which influences flowering time, maturity, and yield, and severely limits soybean latitude adaptation. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified a novel locus in accessions harboring the E1 allele, called Time of flowering 8 (Tof8), which promotes flowering and enhances adaptation to high latitude in cultivated soybean. Gene functional analyses showed that Tof8 is an ortholog of Arabidopsis FKF1. We identified two FKF1 homologs in the soybean genome. Both FKF1 homologs are genetically dependent on E1 by binding to E1 promoter to activate E1 transcription, thus repressing FLOWERING LOCUS T 2a (FT2a) and FT5a transcription, which modulate flowering and maturity through the E1 pathway. We also demonstrate that the natural allele FKF1bH3 facilitated adaptation of soybean to high-latitude environments and was selected during domestication and improvement, leading to its rapid expansion in cultivated soybean. These findings provide novel insights into the roles of FKF1 in controlling flowering time and maturity in soybean and offer new means to fine-tune adaptation to high latitudes and increase grain yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiping Du
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Milan He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wenjie Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zerong Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chuanjie Gou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Woods DP, Li W, Sibout R, Shao M, Laudencia-Chingcuanco D, Vogel JP, Dubcovsky J, Amasino RM. PHYTOCHROME C regulation of photoperiodic flowering via PHOTOPERIOD1 is mediated by EARLY FLOWERING 3 in Brachypodium distachyon. PLoS Genet 2023; 19:e1010706. [PMID: 37163541 PMCID: PMC10171608 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Daylength sensing in many plants is critical for coordinating the timing of flowering with the appropriate season. Temperate climate-adapted grasses such as Brachypodium distachyon flower during the spring when days are becoming longer. The photoreceptor PHYTOCHROME C is essential for long-day (LD) flowering in B. distachyon. PHYC is required for the LD activation of a suite of genes in the photoperiod pathway including PHOTOPERIOD1 (PPD1) that, in turn, result in the activation of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT1)/FLORIGEN, which causes flowering. Thus, B. distachyon phyC mutants are extremely delayed in flowering. Here we show that PHYC-mediated activation of PPD1 occurs via EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), a component of the evening complex in the circadian clock. The extreme delay of flowering of the phyC mutant disappears when combined with an elf3 loss-of-function mutation. Moreover, the dampened PPD1 expression in phyC mutant plants is elevated in phyC/elf3 mutant plants consistent with the rapid flowering of the double mutant. We show that loss of PPD1 function also results in reduced FT1 expression and extremely delayed flowering consistent with results from wheat and barley. Additionally, elf3 mutant plants have elevated expression levels of PPD1, and we show that overexpression of ELF3 results in delayed flowering associated with a reduction of PPD1 and FT1 expression, indicating that ELF3 represses PPD1 transcription consistent with previous studies showing that ELF3 binds to the PPD1 promoter. Indeed, PPD1 is the main target of ELF3-mediated flowering as elf3/ppd1 double mutant plants are delayed flowering. Our results indicate that ELF3 operates downstream from PHYC and acts as a repressor of PPD1 in the photoperiod flowering pathway of B. distachyon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P. Woods
- Dept. Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Weiya Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Richard Sibout
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318 INRAE-AgroParisTech, Versailles Cedex, France
- UR1268 BIA, INRAE, Nantes, France
| | - Mingqin Shao
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Debbie Laudencia-Chingcuanco
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, California, United States of America
| | - John P. Vogel
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Jorge Dubcovsky
- Dept. Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, United States of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard M. Amasino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- United States Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hao Y, Zeng Z, Zhang X, Xie D, Li X, Ma L, Liu M, Liu H. Green means go: Green light promotes hypocotyl elongation via brassinosteroid signaling. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1304-1317. [PMID: 36724050 PMCID: PMC10118266 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have elucidated the mechanisms by which different wavelengths of light (blue, red, far-red, or ultraviolet-B [UV-B]) regulate plant development, whether and how green light regulates plant development remains largely unknown. Previous studies reported that green light participates in regulating growth and development in land plants, but these studies have reported conflicting results, likely due to technical problems. For example, commercial green light-emitting diode light sources emit a little blue or red light. Here, using a pure green light source, we determined that unlike blue, red, far-red, or UV-B light, which inhibits hypocotyl elongation, green light promotes hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana and several other plants during the first 2-3 d after planting. Phytochromes, cryptochromes, and other known photoreceptors do not mediate green-light-promoted hypocotyl elongation, but the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway is involved in this process. Green light promotes the DNA binding activity of BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1 (BES1), a master transcription factor of the BR pathway, thus regulating gene transcription to promote hypocotyl elongation. Our results indicate that pure green light promotes elongation via BR signaling and acts as a shade signal to enable plants to adapt their development to a green-light-dominant environment under a canopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zexian Zeng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Light Source and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Dixiang Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Xu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Libang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P. R. China
| | - Muqing Liu
- Department of Light Source and Illuminating Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Rd, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031 Shanghai, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cheng H, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Si C, Wang J, Gao Z, Cao P, Cheng P, He Y, Chen S, Chen F, Jiang J. The Cm14-3-3μ protein and CCT transcription factor CmNRRa delay flowering in chrysanthemum. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023:erad130. [PMID: 37018757 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Floral transition from vegetative to reproductive growth is pivotal in the plant life cycle. NUTRITION RESPONSE AND ROOT GROWTH (OsNRRa) as a CONSTANS, CONSTANS-LIKE, TOC1 (CCT) domain protein delays flowering in rice and an orthologous gene CmNRRa inhibits flowering in chrysanthemum; however, the mechanism remains unknown. In this study, using yeast two-hybrid screening, we identified the 14-3-3 family member Cm14-3-3µ as a CmNRRa-interacting protein. Biochemical assays using a combination of bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), pull-down, and Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) were performed to confirm the physical interaction between CmNRRa and Cm14-3-3µ in chrysanthemum. In addition, expression analysis showed that CmNRRa, but not Cm14-3-3µ, responded to the diurnal rhythm, whereas both genes were highly expressed in the leaves. Moreover, the function in flowering time regulation of Cm14-3-3µ is similar to that of CmNRRa. Furthermore, CmNRRa repressed chrysanthemum FLOWERING LOCUS T-like 3 (CmFTL3) and APETALA 1 (AP1)/FRUITFULL (FUL)-like gene (CmAFL1), but induced TERMINAL FLOWER1 (CmTFL1) directly by binding to their promoters. Cm14-3-3µ enhanced the ability of CmNRRa to regulate the expression of these genes. These findings suggest that there is a synergistic relationship between CmNRRa and Cm14-3-3µ in flowering repression in chrysanthemum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chaona Si
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peipei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peilei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuehui He
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiafu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jia X, Song M, Wang S, Liu T, Wang L, Guo L, Su L, Shi Y, Zheng X, Yang J. Arabidopsis phytochromes A and B synergistically repress SPA1 under blue light. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:888-894. [PMID: 36394421 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, although studies have demonstrated that phytochrome A (phyA) and phyB are involved in blue light signaling, how blue light-activated phytochromes modulate the activity of the CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1)-SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 (SPA1) E3 complex remains largely unknown. Here, we show that phyA responds to early and weak blue light, whereas phyB responds to sustainable and strong blue light. Activation of both phyA and phyB by blue light inhibits SPA1 activity. Specifically, blue light irradiation promoted the nuclear import of both phytochromes to stimulate their binding to SPA1, abolishing SPA1's interaction with LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) to release HY5, which promoted seedling photomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Meifang Song
- Institute of Radiation Technology, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100875, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shaoci Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Tong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lijian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Henan Police College, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liang Su
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
- Beijing Genseed Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Yong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, Longzi Lake Campus, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hu L, Zhang M, Shang J, Liu Z, Weng Y, Yue H, Li Y, Chen P. A 5.5-kb LTR-retrotransposon insertion inside phytochrome B gene (CsPHYB) results in long hypocotyl and early flowering in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:68. [PMID: 36952021 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The novel spontaneous long hypocotyl and early flowering (lhef) mutation in cucumber is due to a 5551-bp LTR-retrotransposon insertion in CsPHYB gene encoding PHYTOCHROME B, which plays a major role in regulating photomorphogenic hypocotyl growth and flowering. Hypocotyl length and flowering time are important for establishing high-quality seedlings in modern cucumber production, but little is known for the underlying molecular mechanisms of these two traits. In this study, a spontaneous cucumber long hypocotyl and early flowering mutant was identified and characterized. Based on multiple lines of evidence, we show that cucumber phytochrome B (CsPHYB) is the candidate gene for this mutation, and a 5551-bp LTR-retrotransposon insertion in the first exon of CsPHYB was responsible for the mutant phenotypes. Uniqueness of the mutant allele at CsPHYB was verified in 114 natural cucumber lines. Ectopic expression of the CsPHYB in Arabidopsis phyB mutant rescued the long hypocotyl and early flowering phenotype of phyB-9 mutant. The wild-type CsPHYB protein was localized on the membrane and cytoplasm under white light condition, whereas in the nucleus under red light, it is consistent with its roles as a red-light photoreceptor in Arabidopsis. However, the mutant csphyb protein was localized on the membrane and cytoplasm under both white and red-light conditions. Expression dynamics of CsPHYB and several cell elongation-related genes were positively correlated with hypocotyl elongation; the transcription levels of key positive and negative regulators for flowering time were also consistent with the anthesis dates in the mutant and wild-type plants. Yeast two hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays identified physical interactions between CsPHYB and phytochrome interacting factor 3/4 (CsPIF3/4). These findings will provide new insights into the roles of the CsPHYB in cucumber hypocotyl growth and flowering time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Shang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zichen Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yiqun Weng
- Horticulture Department, USDA-ARS Vegetable Crops Research Unit, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Hongzhong Yue
- Vegetable Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhao Y, Shi H, Pan Y, Lyu M, Yang Z, Kou X, Deng XW, Zhong S. Sensory circuitry controls cytosolic calcium-mediated phytochrome B phototransduction. Cell 2023; 186:1230-1243.e14. [PMID: 36931246 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Although Ca2+ has long been recognized as an obligatory intermediate in visual transduction, its role in plant phototransduction remains elusive. Here, we report a Ca2+ signaling that controls photoreceptor phyB nuclear translocation in etiolated seedlings during dark-to-light transition. Red light stimulates acute cytosolic Ca2+ increases via phyB, which are sensed by Ca2+-binding protein kinases, CPK6 and CPK12 (CPK6/12). Upon Ca2+ activation, CPK6/12 in turn directly interact with and phosphorylate photo-activated phyB at Ser80/Ser106 to initiate phyB nuclear import. Non-phosphorylatable mutation, phyBS80A/S106A, abolishes nuclear translocation and fails to complement phyB mutant, which is fully restored by combining phyBS80A/S106A with a nuclear localization signal. We further show that CPK6/12 function specifically in the early phyB-mediated cotyledon expansion, while Ser80/Ser106 phosphorylation generally governs phyB nuclear translocation. Our results uncover a biochemical regulatory loop centered in phyB phototransduction and provide a paradigm for linking ubiquitous Ca2+ increases to specific responses in sensory stimulus processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hui Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ying Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mohan Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhixuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoxia Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xing Wang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang 261325, China
| | - Shangwei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agriculture Sciences in Weifang, Weifang 261325, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fichman Y, Xiong H, Sengupta S, Morrow J, Loog H, Azad RK, Hibberd JM, Liscum E, Mittler R. Phytochrome B regulates reactive oxygen signaling during abiotic and biotic stress in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1711-1727. [PMID: 36401805 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the photoreceptor protein phytochrome B (phyB) play a key role in plant acclimation to stress. However, how phyB that primarily functions in the nuclei impacts ROS signaling mediated by respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) proteins that reside on the plasma membrane, during stress, is unknown. Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa mutants, RNA-Seq, bioinformatics, biochemistry, molecular biology, and whole-plant ROS imaging were used to address this question. Here, we reveal that phyB and RBOHs function as part of a key regulatory module that controls apoplastic ROS production, stress-response transcript expression, and plant acclimation in response to excess light stress. We further show that phyB can regulate ROS production during stress even if it is restricted to the cytosol and that phyB, respiratory burst oxidase protein D (RBOHD), and respiratory burst oxidase protein F (RBOHF) coregulate thousands of transcripts in response to light stress. Surprisingly, we found that phyB is also required for ROS accumulation in response to heat, wounding, cold, and bacterial infection. Our findings reveal that phyB plays a canonical role in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, regulating apoplastic ROS production, possibly while at the cytosol, and that phyB and RBOHD/RBOHF function in the same regulatory pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Fichman
- Division of Plant Sciences & Technology, College of Agricultural, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
| | - Haiyan Xiong
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Johanna Morrow
- Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7400, USA
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Westminster College, 501 Westminster Ave, Fulton, MO, 65251, USA
| | - Hailey Loog
- Division of Plant Sciences & Technology, College of Agricultural, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
| | - Rajeev K Azad
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Julian M Hibberd
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Emmanuel Liscum
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7400, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences & Technology, College of Agricultural, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Department of Surgery, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fichman Y, Xiong H, Sengupta S, Morrow J, Loog H, Azad RK, Hibberd JM, Liscum E, Mittler R. Phytochrome B regulates reactive oxygen signaling during abiotic and biotic stress in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 36401805 DOI: 10.1101/2021.11.29.470478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the photoreceptor protein phytochrome B (phyB) play a key role in plant acclimation to stress. However, how phyB that primarily functions in the nuclei impacts ROS signaling mediated by respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) proteins that reside on the plasma membrane, during stress, is unknown. Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa mutants, RNA-Seq, bioinformatics, biochemistry, molecular biology, and whole-plant ROS imaging were used to address this question. Here, we reveal that phyB and RBOHs function as part of a key regulatory module that controls apoplastic ROS production, stress-response transcript expression, and plant acclimation in response to excess light stress. We further show that phyB can regulate ROS production during stress even if it is restricted to the cytosol and that phyB, respiratory burst oxidase protein D (RBOHD), and respiratory burst oxidase protein F (RBOHF) coregulate thousands of transcripts in response to light stress. Surprisingly, we found that phyB is also required for ROS accumulation in response to heat, wounding, cold, and bacterial infection. Our findings reveal that phyB plays a canonical role in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, regulating apoplastic ROS production, possibly while at the cytosol, and that phyB and RBOHD/RBOHF function in the same regulatory pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Fichman
- Division of Plant Sciences & Technology, College of Agricultural, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
| | - Haiyan Xiong
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Soham Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Johanna Morrow
- Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7400, USA
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Westminster College, 501 Westminster Ave, Fulton, MO, 65251, USA
| | - Hailey Loog
- Division of Plant Sciences & Technology, College of Agricultural, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
| | - Rajeev K Azad
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, 76203-5017, USA
| | - Julian M Hibberd
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK
| | - Emmanuel Liscum
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Division of Biological Sciences, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7400, USA
| | - Ron Mittler
- Division of Plant Sciences & Technology, College of Agricultural, Food and Natural Resources, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
- Department of Surgery, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211-7310, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
The genetically encoded fluorescent sensors convert chemical and physical signals into light. They are powerful tools for the visualisation of physiological processes in living cells and freely moving animals. The fluorescent protein is the reporter module of a genetically encoded biosensor. In this study, we first review the history of the fluorescent protein in full emission spectra on a structural basis. Then, we discuss the design of the genetically encoded biosensor. Finally, we briefly review several major types of genetically encoded biosensors that are currently widely used based on their design and molecular targets, which may be useful for the future design of fluorescent biosensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minji Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, No. 3663 Zhong Shan Road North, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yifan Da
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, No. 3663 Zhong Shan Road North, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yang Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, No. 3663 Zhong Shan Road North, Shanghai, 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nie N, Huo J, Sun S, Zuo Z, Chen Y, Liu Q, He S, Gao S, Zhang H, Zhao N, Zhai H. Genome-Wide Characterization of the PIFs Family in Sweet Potato and Functional Identification of IbPIF3.1 under Drought and Fusarium Wilt Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044092. [PMID: 36835500 PMCID: PMC9965949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are essential for plant growth, development, and defense responses. However, research on the PIFs in sweet potato has been insufficient to date. In this study, we identified PIF genes in the cultivated hexaploid sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and its two wild relatives, Ipomoea triloba, and Ipomoea trifida. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that IbPIFs could be divided into four groups, showing the closest relationship with tomato and potato. Subsequently, the PIFs protein properties, chromosome location, gene structure, and protein interaction network were systematically analyzed. RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR analyses showed that IbPIFs were mainly expressed in stem, as well as had different gene expression patterns in response to various stresses. Among them, the expression of IbPIF3.1 was strongly induced by salt, drought, H2O2, cold, heat, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas (Fob), and stem nematodes, indicating that IbPIF3.1 might play an important role in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in sweet potato. Further research revealed that overexpression of IbPIF3.1 significantly enhanced drought and Fusarium wilt tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants. This study provides new insights for understanding PIF-mediated stress responses and lays a foundation for future investigation of sweet potato PIFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Nie
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jinxi Huo
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Sericulture and Tea, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Sifan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhidan Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingchang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaozhen He
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaopei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-62732559
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Huang J, Qiu ZY, He J, Xu HS, Wang K, Du HY, Gao D, Zhao WN, Sun QG, Wang YS, Wen PZ, Li Q, Dong XO, Xie XZ, Jiang L, Wang HY, Liu YQ, Wan JM. Phytochrome B mediates dim-light-reduced insect resistance by promoting the ethylene pathway in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1272-1287. [PMID: 36437699 PMCID: PMC9922401 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing planting density is one of the most effective ways to improve crop yield. However, one major factor that limits crop planting density is the weakened immunity of plants to pathogens and insects caused by dim light (DL) under shade conditions. The molecular mechanism underlying how DL compromises plant immunity remains unclear. Here, we report that DL reduces rice (Oryza sativa) resistance against brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) by elevating ethylene (ET) biosynthesis and signaling in a Phytochrome B (OsPHYB)-dependent manner. The DL-reduced BPH resistance is relieved in osphyB mutants, but aggravated in OsPHYB overexpressing plants. Further, we found that DL reduces the nuclear accumulation of OsphyB, thus alleviating Phytochrome Interacting Factor Like14 (OsPIL14) degradation, consequently leading to the up-regulation of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Oxidase1 (OsACO1) and an increase in ET levels. In addition, we found that nuclear OsphyB stabilizes Ethylene Insensitive Like2 (OsEIL2) by competitively interacting with EIN3 Binding F-Box Protein (OsEBF1) to enhance ET signaling in rice, which contrasts with previous findings that phyB blocks ET signaling by facilitating Ethylene Insensitive3 (EIN3) degradation in other plant species. Thus, enhanced ET biosynthesis and signaling reduces BPH resistance under DL conditions. Our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of the light-regulated ET pathway and host-insect interactions and potential strategies for sustainable insect management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ze-Yu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hao-Sen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hua-Ying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei-Ning Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Quan-Guang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Pei-Zheng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiao-Ou Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xian-Zhi Xie
- Shandong Rice Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hai-Yang Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jian-Min Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yang J, Li L, Li X, Zhong M, Li X, Qu L, Zhang H, Tang D, Liu X, He C, Zhao X. The blue light receptor CRY1 interacts with FIP37 to promote N 6 -methyladenosine RNA modification and photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:840-854. [PMID: 36305219 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Light is a particularly important environmental cue that regulates a variety of diverse plant developmental processes, such as photomorphogenesis. Blue light promotes photomorphogenesis mainly through the activation of the photoreceptor cryptochrome 1 (CRY1). However, the mechanism underlying the CRY1-mediated regulation of growth is not fully understood. Here, we found that blue light induced N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) RNA modification during photomorphogenesis partially via CRY1. Cryptochrome 1 mediates blue light-induced expression of FKBP12-interacting protein 37 (FIP37), which is a component of m6 A writer. Moreover, we showed that CRY1 physically interacted with FIP37 in vitro and in vivo, and mediated blue light activation of FIP37 binding to RNA. Furthermore, CRY1 and FIP37 modulated m6 A on photomorphogenesis-related genes PIF3, PIF4, and PIF5, thereby accelerating the decay of their transcripts. Genetically, FIP37 repressed hypocotyl elongation under blue light, and fip37 mutation could partially rescue the short-hypocotyl phenotype of CRY1-overexpressing plants. Together, our results provide a new insight into CRY1 signal in modulating m6 A methylation and stability of PIFs, and establish an essential molecular link between m6 A modification and determination of photomorphogenesis in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Yang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Xinmei Li
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Lina Qu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Dongying Tang
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Chongsheng He
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- College of Biology, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, Hunan Engineering and Technology Research enter of Hybrid Rapeseed, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- Shenzhen Institute, Hunan University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zeng Y, Wang J, Huang S, Xie Y, Zhu T, Liu L, Li L. HSP90s are required for hypocotyl elongation during skotomorphogenesis and thermomorphogenesis via the COP1-ELF3-PIF4 pathway in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023. [PMID: 36707919 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Light and temperature are two key environmental signals that share several molecular components that, in turn, regulate plant growth. Darkness and high ambient temperatures promote skoto- and thermomorphogenesis, including stem elongation. Heat shock proteins 90 (HSP90s) facilitate the adaptation of organisms to various adverse environmental stimuli. Here, we showed that HSP90s are required for hypocotyl elongation during both skoto- and thermomorphogenesis. When HSP90s activities are impaired by the knockdown of HSP90s expression or the application of HSP90 inhibitors, the expression levels and protein abundance of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) markedly decreased. EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) deficiency was resistant to the inhibition of HSP90s activities. Furthermore, HSP90s interacted with and destabilized ELF3. In the CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) mutant, the changes in endogenous PIF4 and ELF3 protein levels caused by the inhibition of HSP90s activities were abolished. HSP90s enhanced the interaction between COP1 and ELF3, reduced ELF3 functional effects on PIF4 and modulated hypocotyl elongation during skoto- and thermomorphogenesis. Our results indicated that HSP90s participate in light and temperature signalling via the COP1-ELF3-PIF4 module to regulate hypocotyl growth in changing environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Sha Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Tongdan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Leyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plants Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ojha M, Verma D, Chakraborty N, Pal A, Bhagat PK, Singh A, Verma N, Sinha AK, Chattopadhyay S. MKKK20 works as an upstream triple-kinase of MKK3-MPK6-MYC2 module in Arabidopsis seedling development. iScience 2023; 26:106049. [PMID: 36818282 PMCID: PMC9929681 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is involved in several signal transduction processes in eukaryotes. Here, we report a mechanistic function of MAP kinase kinase kinase 20 (MKKK20) in light signal transduction pathways. We show that MKKK20 acts as a negative regulator of photomorphogenic growth at various wavelengths of light. MKKK20 not only regulates the expression of light signaling pathway regulatory genes but also gets regulated by the same pathway genes. The atmyc2 mkkk20 double mutant analysis shows that MYC2 works downstream to MKKK20 in the regulation of photomorphogenic growth. MYC2 directly binds to the promoter of MKKK20 to modulate its expression. The protein-protein interaction study indicates that MKKK20 physically interacts with MYC2, and this interaction likely suppresses the MYC2-mediated promotion of MKKK20 expression. Further, the protein phosphorylation studies demonstrate that MKKK20 works as the upstream kinase of MKK3-MPK6-MYC2 module in photomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Ojha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Deepanjali Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Nibedita Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Abhideep Pal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Bhagat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Anshuman Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Neetu Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India,Corresponding author
| | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Busche M, Hake S, Brunkard JO. Terminal ear 1 and phytochromes B1/B2 regulate maize leaf initiation independently. Genetics 2022; 223:6887217. [PMID: 36495288 PMCID: PMC9910401 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher plants generate new leaves from shoot meristems throughout their vegetative lifespan. The tempo of leaf initiation is dynamically regulated by physiological cues, but little is known about the underlying genetic signaling pathways that coordinate this rate. Two maize (Zea mays) mutants, terminal ear1 (te1) and phytochrome B1;phytochrome B2 (phyB1;phyB2), oppositely affect leaf initiation rates and total leaf number at the flowering time: te1 mutants make leaves faster whereas phyB1;phyB2 mutants make leaves slower than wild-type plants. To test whether PhyB1, PhyB2, and TE1 act in overlapping or distinct pathways to regulate leaf initiation, we crossed te1 and phyB1;phyB2 created an F2 population segregating for these three mutations and quantified various phenotypes among the resulting genotypes, including leaf number, leaf initiation rate, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, number of juvenile leaves, stalk diameter, and dry shoot biomass. Leaf number and initiation rate in phyB1;phyB2;te1 plants fell between the extremes of the two parents, suggesting an additive genetic interaction between te1 and phyB1;phyB2 rather than epistasis. Therefore, we conclude that PhyB1, PhyB2, and TE1 likely control leaf initiation through distinct signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Busche
- Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Sarah Hake
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,Plant Gene Expression Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Jacob O Brunkard
- Corresponding author: Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fang W, Vellutini E, Perrella G, Kaiserli E. TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 regulates phytochrome B abundance and signaling to fine-tune hypocotyl growth. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:4213-4231. [PMID: 35929801 PMCID: PMC9614508 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
TANDEM ZINC-FINGER/PLUS3 (TZP) is a transcriptional regulator that acts at the crossroads of light and photoperiodic signaling. Here, we unveil a role for TZP in fine-tuning hypocotyl elongation under red light and long-day conditions. We provide genetic evidence for a synergistic action between TZP and PHOTOPERIODIC CONTROL OF HYPOCOTYL 1 (PCH1) in regulating the protein abundance of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and downstream gene expression in response to red light and long days (LDs). Furthermore, we show that TZP is a positive regulator of the red/far-red light receptor and thermosensor phytochrome B (phyB) by promoting phyB protein abundance, nuclear body formation, and signaling. Our data therefore assign a function to TZP in regulating two key red light signaling components, phyB and PIF4, but also uncover a new role for PCH1 in regulating hypocotyl elongation in LDs. Our findings provide a framework for the understanding of the mechanisms associated with the TZP signal integration network and their importance for optimizing plant growth and adaptation to a changing environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Fang
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Elisa Vellutini
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lin X, Dong L, Tang Y, Li H, Cheng Q, Li H, Zhang T, Ma L, Xiang H, Chen L, Nan H, Fang C, Lu S, Li J, Liu B, Kong F. Novel and multifaceted regulations of photoperiodic flowering by phytochrome A in soybean. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208708119. [PMID: 36191205 PMCID: PMC9565047 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208708119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoperiod is an important environmental cue. Plants can distinguish the seasons and flower at the right time through sensing the photoperiod. Soybean is a sensitive short-day crop, and the timing of flowering varies greatly at different latitudes, thus affecting yields. Soybean cultivars in high latitudes adapt to the long day by the impairment of two phytochrome genes, PHYA3 and PHYA2, and the legume-specific flowering suppressor, E1. However, the regulating mechanism underlying phyA and E1 in soybean remains largely unknown. Here, we classified the regulation of the E1 family by phyA2 and phyA3 at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, revealing that phyA2 and phyA3 regulate E1 by directly binding to LUX proteins, the critical component of the evening complex, to regulate the stability of LUX proteins. In addition, phyA2 and phyA3 can also directly associate with E1 and its homologs to stabilize the E1 proteins. Therefore, phyA homologs control the core flowering suppressor E1 at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels, to double ensure the E1 activity. Thus, our results disclose a photoperiod flowering mechanism in plants by which the phytochrome A regulates LUX and E1 activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lidong Dong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, National Center for Soybean Improvement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qun Cheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lixin Ma
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongli Xiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Linnan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haiyang Nan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sijia Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design Breeding, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
The heat stress transcription factor family in Aegilops tauschii: genome-wide identification and expression analysis under various abiotic stresses and light conditions. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1689-1709. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
45
|
Sharma P, Mishra S, Burman N, Chatterjee M, Singh S, Pradhan AK, Khurana P, Khurana JP. Characterization of Cry2 genes (CRY2a and CRY2b) of B. napus and comparative analysis of BnCRY1 and BnCRY2a in regulating seedling photomorphogenesis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:161-186. [PMID: 35831732 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) perceives blue/UV-A light and regulates photomorphogenesis in plants. However, besides Arabidopsis, CRY2 has been functionally characterized only in native species of japonica rice and tomato. In the present study, the BnCRY2a, generating a relatively longer cDNA and harboring an intron in its 5'UTR, has been characterized in detail. Western blot analysis revealed that BnCRY2a is light labile and degraded rapidly by 26S proteasome when seedlings are irradiated with blue light. For functional analysis, BnCRY2a was over-expressed in Brassica juncea, a related species more amenable to transformation. The BnCRY2a over-expression (BnCRY2aOE) transgenics developed short hypocotyl and expanded cotyledons, accumulated more anthocyanin in light-grown seedlings, and displayed early flowering on maturity. Early flowering in BnCRY2aOE transgenics was coupled with the up-regulation of many flowering-related genes such as FT. The present study also highlights the differential light sensitivity of cry1 and cry2 in controlling hypocotyl elongation growth in Brassica. BnCRY2aOE seedlings developed much shorter hypocotyl under the low-intensity of blue light, while BnCRY1OE seedling hypocotyls were shorter under the high-intensity blue light, compared to untransformed seedlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
- Proteus Genomics, 218 Summit Parkway, Birmingham, AL, 35209, USA
| | - Sushma Mishra
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Naini Burman
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Mithu Chatterjee
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
- AeroFarms, Newark, NJ, 07105, USA
| | - Shipra Singh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Akshay K Pradhan
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India.
| | - Jitendra P Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Interdisciplinary Centre for Plant Genomics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang L, Zhou F, Liu X, Zhang H, Yan T, Sun Y, Shi K, Zheng X, Zhu Y, Shan D, Bai Y, Guo Y, Kong J. ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5-mediated suppression of melatonin biosynthesis is alleviated by darkness and promotes cotyledon opening. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4941-4953. [PMID: 35580847 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) biosynthesis in plants is induced by darkness and high-intensity light; however, the underlying transcriptional mechanisms and upstream signalling pathways are unknown. We identified a dark-induced and highly expressed melatonin synthetase in Arabidopsis thaliana, AtSNAT6, encoding serotonin N-acetyltransferase. We assessed melatonin content and AtSNAT6 expression in mutants lacking key regulators of light/dark signalling. AtCOP1 (CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1) and AtHY5 (ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5), which control light/dark transition and photomorphogenesis, promoted and suppressed melatonin biosynthesis, respectively. Using EMSA and ChIP-qPCR analysis, we showed that AtHY5 inhibits AtSNAT6 expression directly. An analysis of melatonin content in snat6 hy5 double mutant and AtHY5+AtSNAT6-overexpressing plants confirmed the regulatory function of AtHY5 and AtSNAT6 in melatonin biosynthesis. Exogenous melatonin further inhibited cotyledon opening in hy5 mutant and AtSNAT6-overexpressing seedlings, but partially reversed the promotion of cotyledon opening in AtHY5-overexpressing seedlings and snat6. Additionally, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of AtSNAT6 increased cotyledon opening in hy5 mutant, and overexpression of AtSNAT6 decreased cotyledon opening in AtHY5-overexpressing seedlings via changing melatonin biosynthesis, confirming that AtHY5 decreased melatonin-mediated inhibition of cotyledon opening. Our data provide new insights into the regulation of melatonin biosynthesis and its function in cotyledon opening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianci Yan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhao Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Shi
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqian Shan
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixue Bai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Guo
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Kong
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Srivastava M, Srivastava AK, Roy D, Mansi M, Gough C, Bhagat PK, Zhang C, Sadanandom A. The conjugation of SUMO to the transcription factor MYC2 functions in blue light-mediated seedling development in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:2892-2906. [PMID: 35567527 PMCID: PMC9338799 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A key function of photoreceptor signaling is the coordinated regulation of a large number of genes to optimize plant growth and development. The basic helix loop helix (bHLH) transcription factor MYC2 is crucial for regulating gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana during development in blue light. Here we demonstrate that blue light induces the SUMOylation of MYC2. Non-SUMOylatable MYC2 is less effective in suppressing blue light-mediated photomorphogenesis than wild-type (WT) MYC2. MYC2 interacts physically with the SUMO proteases SUMO PROTEASE RELATED TO FERTILITY1 (SPF1) and SPF2. Blue light exposure promotes the degradation of SPF1 and SPF2 and enhances the SUMOylation of MYC2. Phenotypic analysis revealed that SPF1/SPF2 function redundantly as positive regulators of blue light-mediated photomorphogenesis. Our data demonstrate that SUMO conjugation does not affect the dimerization of MYC transcription factors but modulates the interaction of MYC2 with its cognate DNA cis-element and with the ubiquitin ligase Plant U-box 10 (PUB10). Finally, we show that non-SUMOylatable MYC2 is less stable and interacts more strongly with PUB10 than the WT. Taken together, we conclude that SUMO functions as a counterpoint to the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of MYC2, thereby enhancing its function in blue light signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dipan Roy
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Mansi Mansi
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Catherine Gough
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | | | - Cunjin Zhang
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Arias D, Ortega A, González-Calquin C, Quiroz LF, Moreno-Romero J, Martínez-García JF, Stange C. Development and carotenoid synthesis in dark-grown carrot taproots require PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:1450-1465. [PMID: 35266544 PMCID: PMC9237741 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Light stimulates carotenoid synthesis in plants during photomorphogenesis through the expression of PHYTOENE SYNTHASE (PSY), a key gene in carotenoid biosynthesis. The orange carrot (Daucus carota) synthesizes and accumulates high amounts of carotenoids in the taproot that grows underground. Contrary to other organs, light impairs carrot taproot development and represses the expression of carotenogenic genes, such as DcPSY1 and DcPSY2, reducing carotenoid accumulation. By means of RNA sequencing, in a previous analysis, we observed that carrot PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED1 (DcPAR1) is more highly expressed in the underground grown taproot compared with those grown in light. PAR1 is a transcriptional cofactor with a negative role in shade avoidance syndrome regulation in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) through the dimerization with PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs), allowing a moderate synthesis of carotenoids. Here, we show that overexpressing AtPAR1 in carrot increases carotenoid production in taproots grown underground as well as DcPSY1 expression. The high expression of AtPAR1 and DcPAR1 led us to hypothesize a functional role of DcPAR1 that was verified through in vivo binding to AtPIF7 and overexpression in Arabidopsis, where AtPSY expression and carotenoid accumulation increased together with a photomorphogenic phenotype. Finally, DcPAR1 antisense carrot lines presented a dramatic decrease in carotenoid levels and in relative expression of key carotenogenic genes as well as impaired taproot development. These results suggest that DcPAR1 is a key factor for secondary root development and carotenoid synthesis in carrot taproot grown underground.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Arias
- Centro de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Ortega
- Centro de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Luis Felipe Quiroz
- Centro de Biología Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jordi Moreno-Romero
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), CSIC-UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Jaime F Martínez-García
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Plant Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMCP), CSIC-UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yuan HY, Caron CT, Vandenberg A, Bett KE. RNA-Seq and Gene Ontology Analysis Reveal Differences Associated With Low R/FR-Induced Shade Responses in Cultivated Lentil and a Wild Relative. Front Genet 2022; 13:891702. [PMID: 35795209 PMCID: PMC9251359 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.891702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Lentil is an important pulse crop not only because of its high nutrient value but also because of its ecological advantage in a sustainable agricultural system. Our previous work showed that the cultivated lentil and wild lentil germplasm respond differently to light environments, especially to low R/FR-induced shade conditions. Little is known about how cultivated and wild lentils respond to shade at the level of gene expression and function. In this study, transcriptomic profiling of a cultivated lentil (Lupa, L. culinaris) and a wild lentil (BGE 016880, L. orientalis) at several growth stages is presented. De novo transcriptomes were assembled for both genotypes, and differential gene expression analysis and gene ontology enrichment analysis were performed. The transcriptomic resources generated in this study provide fundamental information regarding biological processes and genes associated with shade responses in lentils. BGE 016880 and Lupa shared a high similarity in their transcriptomes; however, differential gene expression profiles were not consistent between these two genotypes. The wild lentil BGE 016880 had more differentially expressed genes than the cultivated lentil Lupa. Upregulation of genes involved in gibberellin, brassinosteroid, and auxin synthesis and signaling pathways, as well as cell wall modification, in both genotypes explains their similarity in stem elongation response under the shade. Genes involved in jasmonic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were downregulated in BGE 016880 only, and biological processes involved in defense responses were significantly enriched in the wild lentil BGE 016880 only. Downregulation of WRKY and MYB transcription factors could contribute to the reduced defense response in BGE 016880 but not in Lupa under shade conditions. A better understanding of shade responses of pulse crop species and their wild relatives will play an important role in developing genetic strategies for crop improvement in response to changes in light environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Ying Yuan
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Carolyn T. Caron
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Albert Vandenberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kirstin E. Bett
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- *Correspondence: Kirstin E. Bett,
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Elevated light intensity compensates for nitrogen deficiency during chrysanthemum growth by improving water and nitrogen use efficiency. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10002. [PMID: 35705667 PMCID: PMC9200816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying environmental factors that improve plant growth and development under nitrogen (N) constraint is essential for sustainable greenhouse production. In the present study, the role of light intensity and N concentrations on the biomass partitioning and physiology of chrysanthemum was investigated. Four light intensities [75, 150, 300, and 600 µmol m-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)] and three N concentrations (5, 10, and 15 mM N L-1) were used. Vegetative and generative growth traits were improved by increase in PPFD and N concentration. High N supply reduced stomatal size and gs in plants under lowest PPFD. Under low PPFD, the share of biomass allocated to leaves and stem was higher than that of flower and roots while in plants grown under high PPFD, the share of biomass allocated to flower and root outweighed that of allocated to leaves and stem. As well, positive effects of high PPFD on chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, water use efficiency (WUE), Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) were observed in N-deficient plants. Furthermore, photosynthetic functionality improved by raise in PPFD. In conclusion, high PPFD reduced the adverse effects of N deficiency by improving photosynthesis and stomatal functionality, NUE, WUE, and directing biomass partitioning toward the floral organs.
Collapse
|