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Yang C, Deng X, Tang Y, Tang H, Xia C. Natural products reverse cisplatin resistance in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2024; 598:217116. [PMID: 39002694 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most commonly used drugs for cancer treatment. Despite much progress in improving patient outcomes, many patients are resistant to cisplatin-based treatments, leading to limited treatment efficacy and increased treatment failure. The fact that solid tumors suffer from hypoxia and an inadequate blood supply in the tumor microenvironment has been widely accepted for decades. Numerous studies have shown that a hypoxic microenvironment significantly reduces the sensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatin. Therefore, understanding how hypoxia empowers tumor cells with cisplatin resistance is essential. In the fight against tumors, developing innovative strategies for overcoming drug resistance has attracted widespread interest. Natural products have historically made major contributions to anticancer drug research due to their obvious efficacy and abundant candidate resources. Intriguingly, natural products show the potential to reverse chemoresistance, which provides new insights into cisplatin resistance in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. In this review, we describe the role of cisplatin in tumor therapy and the mechanisms by which tumor cells generate cisplatin resistance. Subsequently, we call attention to the linkage between the hypoxic microenvironment and cisplatin resistance. Furthermore, we summarize known and potential natural products that target the hypoxic tumor microenvironment to overcome cisplatin resistance. Finally, we discuss the current challenges that limit the clinical application of natural products. Understanding the link between hypoxia and cisplatin resistance is the key to unlocking the full potential of natural products, which will serve as new therapeutic strategies capable of overcoming resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansheng Yang
- Department of Breast, Thyroid and Head-Neck Surgery, Yuebei People's Hospital of Shantou University, Shaoguan, 512099, China
| | - Xinpei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yunyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Foshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Foshan, 528000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 515150, China.
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2
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Chen C, Liu C, Mu K, Xue W. Lactobacillus paracasei AH2 isolated from Chinese sourdough alleviated gluten-induced food allergy through modulating gut microbiota and promoting short-chain fatty acid accumulation in a BALB/c mouse model. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:664-674. [PMID: 37653286 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large number of people worldwide suffer from gluten-induced food allergy. As investigated in our previous research, Lactobacillus paracasei AH2 isolated from traditionally homemade sourdough in Anhui province of China showed the potential to reduce the immune reactivity of wheat protein by in vitro evaluation. However, whether L. paracasei AH2 has a role in alleviating wheat allergy in an in vivo model and its underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. RESULTS In this study, the alleviative effects of L. paracasei AH2 on gluten-induced allergic response were evaluated. Compared with a gluten-allergic mouse, L. paracasei AH2 suppressed anaphylaxis symptoms, gluten-specific immunoglobulin E, histamine and interleukin-4. Moreover, L. paracasei AH2 attenuated splenomegaly and induced Th1 or Treg cell differentiation to modulate the Th1/Th2 immune balance toward Th1 polarization. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels were enhanced after L. paracasei AH2 supplementation, contributing to allergy relief as well as reducing the pH of colonic contents. The α and β diversities of the gut microbiota were modulated by L. paracasei AH2 with increased relative abundance of Lacticaseibacillus and SCFA producers (Faecalibaculum, Alloprevotella and Bacteroides genera), as well as decreased unfavorable Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Alistipes. Additionally, L. paracasei AH2 protected the intestinal barrier function by upregulating tight junctions and improved the antioxidant activities in serum. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that L. paracasei AH2 could act as a potential probiotic for relieving wheat allergy by modulating the gut microbiota and elevating SCFA levels. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyu Mu
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wentong Xue
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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3
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Zhang J, He Z, He Y, Xie J, Yang G, Niu Z, Shen T, Li F. Fecal fermentation behavior and immunomodulatory activity of arabinoxylan from wheat bran. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128283. [PMID: 38007031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Arabinoxylan (AX) is the predominant non-starch polysaccharide in wheat bran, known for its significant immunomodulatory activity. However, existing literature lacks comprehensive studies on AX fermentation by gut microbiota and its subsequent immunomodulatory mechanisms. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of AX on the composition of gut microbiota and the characteristics of its immunomodulatory activity. For this purpose, an in vitro fermentation system and a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mouse model were established to explore both the in vitro and in vivo effects of AX on gut microbiota and immune modulation. The results demonstrated that AX was metabolized by gut microbes and in turn to promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which concurrently led to a significant decrease in pH. Furthermore, AX treatment significantly changed the microbial composition, elevated the relative abundance of Actinobacteria while reducing that of Bacteroidetes. In the immunosuppressed mice, AX administration improved the thymus and spleen indices, mitigated spleen injury, and bolstered overall immunity. Moreover, AX altered the gut microbiota structure, increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes and decreasing that of Firmicutes. These findings suggest that wheat bran-derived AX can modulate intestinal microbial composition, improve gut microecology, and enhance host immunity by targeting gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zhang
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Ziliang He
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Yang He
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Jing Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Guigui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, China
| | - Zhiqiang Niu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ting Shen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Fu Li
- Natural Products Research Center, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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4
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Chu J, Zhang W, Liu Y, Gong B, Ji W, Yin T, Gao C, Liangwen D, Hao M, Chen C, Zhuang J, Gao J, Yin Y. Biomaterials-based anti-inflammatory treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:100-115. [PMID: 37488851 PMCID: PMC10479833 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.374137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The current therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease only improve symptoms, they do not delay disease progression. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new effective drugs. The underlying pathogenic factors of Alzheimer's disease are not clear, but neuroinflammation can link various hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease; hence, targeting neuroinflammation may be a new hope for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Inhibiting inflammation can restore neuronal function, promote neuroregeneration, reduce the pathological burden of Alzheimer's disease, and improve or even reverse symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. This review focuses on the relationship between inflammation and various pathological hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease; reports the mechanisms and characteristics of small-molecule drugs (e.g., nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, neurosteroids, and plant extracts); macromolecule drugs (e.g., peptides, proteins, and gene therapeutics); and nanocarriers (e.g., lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, and inorganic nanoparticles) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The review also makes recommendations for the prospective development of anti-inflammatory strategies based on nanocarriers for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjian Chu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weicong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Clinical Pharmacy Innovation Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baofeng Gong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Ji
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danqi Liangwen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqi Hao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuimin Chen
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Changhai Clinical Research Unit, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - You Yin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital (Shanghai Changzheng Hospital) of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Wu L, Tang C, Chen L, Zhao J. Modified dietary fiber from soybean dregs by fermentation alleviated constipation in mice. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100810. [PMID: 37780347 PMCID: PMC10534143 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Soybean dregs are the main by-product obtained from the processing of soy products and are good sources of dietary fiber (DF). This study showed that the soluble DF content increased from 4.97% to 18.82%, while the insoluble DF content decreased from 59.37% to 44.89% after soybean dreg fermentation using Trichoderma spp., without any significant change in the total DF content (p > 0.05). Physicochemical property and electron microscopy analysis revealed that the rehydration ratio, dissolution rate, expansion force, and oil holding capacity of DF significantly increased (p < 0.05) with finer microstructure. Additionally, we found that fermented DF could further promote intestinal peristalsis in mice. Furthermore, fermented DF was more effective in balancing and adjusting intestinal flora in mice and promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids. Therefore, this study provides evidence indicating a correlation between the physicochemical properties and functional benefits of DF derived from soybean dregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Chunhong Tang
- College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Linli Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Jiuyi Zhao
- College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
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Hu J, Ni J, Zheng J, Guo Y, Yang Y, Ye C, Sun X, Xia H, Liu Y, Liu H. Tripterygium hypoglaucum extract ameliorates adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice through the gut microbiota. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:730-744. [PMID: 37879792 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60466-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch (THH) are widely used in Chinese folk to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to investigate whether the anti-RA effect of THH is related with the gut microbiota. The main components of prepared THH extract were identified by HPLC-MS. C57BL/6 mice with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) were treated with THH extract by gavage for one month. THH extract significantly alleviated swollen ankle, joint cavity exudation, and articular cartilage destruction in AIA mice. The mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory mediators in muscles and plasma indicated that THH extract attenuated inflammatory responses in the joint by blocking TLR4/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathways. THH extract remarkably restored the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in AIA mice, featuring the increases of Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus and the decreases of Butyricimonas, Parabacteroides, and Anaeroplasma. Furthermore, the altered bacteria were closely correlated with physiological indices and drove metabolic changes of the intestinal microbiota. In addition, antibiotic-induced pseudo germ-free mice were employed to verify the role of the intestinal flora. Strikingly, THH treatment failed to ameliorate the arthritis symptoms and signaling pathways in pseudo germ-free mice, which validates the indispensable role of the intestinal flora. For the first time, we demonstrated that THH extract protects joint inflammation by manipulating the intestinal flora and regulating the TLR4/MyD88/MAPK signaling pathway. Therefore, THH extract may serve as a microbial modulator to recover RA in clincial practice.ver RA in clincial practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghui Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jimin Ni
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Junping Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yanlei Guo
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Cheng Ye
- Wuhan Customs Technology Center, Wuhan 430050, China
| | - Xiongjie Sun
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Hui Xia
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yanju Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China; Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing 400065, China.
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7
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Liu L, Zhang S, Zhi F, Song Y, Li B, Gao P, Zhang Y, Ma K, Xu J, Jiang B, Chu Y, Li Y, Qin J. RNA helicase DExD/H-box 5 modulates intestinal microbiota in mice. Microb Pathog 2023; 182:106265. [PMID: 37482112 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The RNA helicase DExD/H-box (DDX) family of proteins plays a central role in host cellular RNA metabolism, including mRNA regulation, microRNA biogenesis, and ribosomal processing. DDX5, also known as p68, promotes viral replication and tumorigenesis. However, there have been no studies on the regulation of the intestinal microbiota by DDX family proteins. We constructed DDX5 knockout mice (Ddx5+/-) using CRISPR/CAS9 technology. Subsequently, DDX5 knockout mice were analyzed for PCR products, mRNA levels, protein expression, immunohistochemistry, and histopathological lesions. Fecal (n = 12) and ileum (n = 12) samples were collected from the Ddx5+/- and wild-type (Ddx5+/+) mice. The diversity, richness, and structural separation of the intestinal microbiota of the Ddx5+/- and Ddx5+/+ mice were determined by 16S rRNA sequencing and analysis. Ddx5+/- mice were successfully established, and the ileum had normal morphology, a clear layer of tissue structures, and neatly arranged cupped cells. DDX5 knockout mice did not exhibit adverse effects on the ileal tissue. Microbial diversity and abundance were not significantly different, but the microbial structure of the intestinal microbiota was clustered separately between Ddx5+/+ and Ddx5+/- mice. Furthermore, we found that the relative abundance of Akkermansia and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 in the Ddx5+/- mice was significantly lower than in the Ddx5+/+ mice. These analyses indicated specific interactions between the intestinal microbiota and DDX5 protein. Our results indicate that DDX5 has a significant effect on the composition of the intestinal microbiota in mice, suggesting its potential as a promising novel target for the treatment of inflammation and tumorigenesis in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, 071001, China; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China
| | - Silan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, 830091, China
| | - Feijie Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China
| | - Yinjuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, 830091, China
| | - Pengchen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China
| | - Ke Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, 830091, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Yuefeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730046, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, 830091, China
| | - Yongqing Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jianhua Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, 071001, China.
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8
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Wang Z, Liu H, Song G, Gao J, Xia X, Qin N. Cherry juice alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice by resolving gut microbiota dysbiosis and regulating microRNA. Food Funct 2023; 14:2768-2780. [PMID: 36857703 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03023c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Cherry is a nutrient-rich food that is good for health. This study demonstrated the inhibitory action of dietary cherry juice on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. Cherry juice intervention significantly decreased body weight, fat contents, and blood lipid levels in obese mice. The overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines was suppressed by dietary cherry juice, which was accompanied by the elevation of tight junction proteins to maintain intestinal barrier. Moreover, dietary cherry juice restored the decreased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by regulating the composition and abundance of gut microbiota. In addition, dietary cherry juice also suppressed the expression of some microRNAs associated with obesity such as miR-200c-3p, miR-125a-5p, miR-132-3p, and miR-223-3p and target proteins related with microRNAs in the inguinal or epididymal white tissue in the obese mice. These results offer a fresh perspective on cherry juice's role in the prevention of obesity caused by the HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116304, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116304, China
| | - Hongxu Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116304, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116304, China
| | - Guoku Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116304, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116304, China
| | - Jingzhu Gao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116304, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116304, China
| | - Xiaodong Xia
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116304, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116304, China
| | - Ningbo Qin
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116304, China.
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian 116304, China
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Qasem A, Assaggaf H, Mrabti HN, Minshawi F, Rajab BS, Attar AA, Alyamani RA, Hamed M, Mrabti NN, Baaboua AE, Omari NE, Alshahrani MM, Awadh AAA, Sheikh RA, Ming LC, Goh KW, Bouyahya A. Determination of Chemical Composition and Investigation of Biological Activities of Ocimum basilicum L. Molecules 2023; 28:614. [PMID: 36677672 PMCID: PMC9866482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Ocimum basilicum L., as well as to evaluate the antibacterial, antidiabetic, dermatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the EOs and aqueous extracts of O. basilicum. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against bacterial strains, Gram-positive and Gram-negative, using the well diffusion and microdilution methods, whereas the antidiabetic activity was assessed in vitro using two enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. On the other hand, the dermatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities were studied by testing tyrosinase and lipoxygenase inhibition activity, respectively. The results showed that the chemical composition of O. basilicum EO (OBEO) is dominated by methyl chavicol (86%) and trans-anethol (8%). OBEO exhibited significant antibacterial effects against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, demonstrated by considerable diameters of the inhibition zones and lower MIC and MBC values. In addition, OBEO exhibited significant inhibition of α-amylase (IC50 = 50.51 ± 0.32 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 39.84 ± 1.2 μg/mL). Concerning the anti-inflammatory activity, OBEO significantly inhibited lipoxygenase activity (IC50 = 18.28 ± 0.03 μg/mL) compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 24.8 ± 0.01 μg/mL). Moreover, tyrosinase was considerably inhibited by OBEO (IC50 = 68.58 ± 0.03 μg/mL) compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 118.37 ± 0.05 μg/mL). The toxicological investigations revealed the safety of O. basilicum in acute and chronic toxicity. The finding of in silico analysis showed that methyl chavicol and trans-anethole (main compounds of OBEO) validate the pharmacokinetics of these compounds and decipher some antibacterial targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 8359006 Lille, France
| | - Faisal Minshawi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bodour S. Rajab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar A. Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema A. Alyamani
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munerah Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nidal Naceiri Mrabti
- Engineering Materials, Modeling and Environmental Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Aicha El Baaboua
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ryan Adnan Sheikh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
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10
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Zhu LR, Li SS, Zheng WQ, Ni WJ, Cai M, Liu HP. Targeted modulation of gut microbiota by traditional Chinese medicine and natural products for liver disease therapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1086078. [PMID: 36817459 PMCID: PMC9933143 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1086078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota not only constitutes intestinal microenvironment homeostasis and human health but also exerts indispensable roles in the occurrence and progression of multiple liver diseases, including alcohol-related liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune liver disease and liver cancer. Given the therapeutic status of these diseases, their prevention and early therapy are crucial, and the detailed mechanism of gut microbiota in liver disease urgently needs to be explored. Meanwhile, multiple studies have shown that various traditional Chinese medicines, such as Si Miao Formula, Jiangzhi Granules, Liushen Capsules, Chaihu-Shugan Power, Cassiae Semen and Gynostemma, as well as some natural products, including Costunolide, Coprinus comatus polysaccharide, Antarctic krill oil, Oridonin and Berberine, can repair liver injury, improve fatty liver, regulate liver immunity, and even inhibit liver cancer through multiple targets, links, and pathways. Intriguingly, the aforementioned effects demonstrated by these traditional Chinese medicines and natural products have been shown to be closely related to the gut microbiota, directly driving the strategy of traditional Chinese medicines and natural products to regulate the gut microbiota as one of the breakthroughs in the treatment of liver diseases. Based on this, this review comprehensively summarizes and discusses the characteristics, functions and potential mechanisms of these medicines targeting gut microbiota during liver disease treatment. Research on the potential effects on gut microbiota and the regulatory mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine and natural products provides novel insights and significant references for developing liver disease treatment strategies. In parallel, such explorations will enhance the comprehension of traditional Chinese medicine and natural products modulating gut microbiota during disease treatment, thus facilitating their clinical investigation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ran Zhu
- Anhui Institute of Pediatric Research, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Department of Scientific Research and Education, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wan-Qun Zheng
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wei-Jian Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Anhui Acupuncture and Moxibustion Clinical Medicine Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Peng Liu
- Anhui Institute of Pediatric Research, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
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11
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Nasir Ahmed M, Hughes K. Role of ethno-phytomedicine knowledge in healthcare of COVID-19: advances in traditional phytomedicine perspective. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022; 11:96. [PMID: 35966214 PMCID: PMC9362587 DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 virus, ethnomedicinal plants have been used in diverse geographical locations for their purported prophylactic and pharmacological effects. Medicinal plants have been relied on by people around the globe for centuries, as 80% of the world’s population rely on herbal medicines for some aspect of their primary health care needs, according to the World Health Organization.
Main body This review portrays advances in traditional phytomedicine by bridging the knowledge of ethno-phytomedicine and COVID-19 healthcare. Ethnomedicinal plants have been used for symptoms related to COVID-19 as antiviral, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antipyretic, and lung–gut immune boosters. Traditionally used medicinal plants have the ability to inhibit virus entry and viral assembly, bind to spike proteins, membrane proteins, and block viral replications and enzymes. The efficacy of traditional medicinal plants in the terms of COVID-19 management can be evaluated by in vitro, in vivo as well as different in silico techniques (molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, machine learning, etc.) which have been applied extensively to the quest and design of effective biotherapeutics rapidly. Other advances in traditional phytomedicines against COVID-19 are controlled clinical trials, and notably the roles in the gut microbiome. Targeting the gut microbiome via medicinal plants as prebiotics is also found to be an alternative and potential strategy in the search for a COVID-19 combat strategy. Conclusions Since medicinal plants are the sources of modern biotherapeutics development, it is essential to build collaborations among ethnobotanists, scientists, and technologists toward developing the most efficient and the safest adjuvant therapeutics against the pandemic of the twenty-first century, COVID-19.
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12
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Zhang J, Wang W, Guo D, Bai B, Bo T, Fan S. Antidiabetic Effect of Millet Bran Polysaccharides Partially Mediated via Changes in Gut Microbiome. Foods 2022; 11:foods11213406. [PMID: 36360018 PMCID: PMC9654906 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a type of metabolic disease associated with changes in the intestinal flora. In this study, the regulatory effect of millet bran on intestinal microbiota in a model of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was investigated in an effort to develop new approaches to prevent and treat diabetes and its complications in patients. The effect of purified millet bran polysaccharide (MBP) with three different intragastric doses (400 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 100 mg/kg) combined with a high-fat diet was determined in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of T2DM. By analyzing the changes in indicators, weight, fasting blood sugar, and other bio-physiological parameters, the changes in gut microbiota were analyzed via high-throughput sequencing to establish the effect of MBP on the intestinal flora. The results showed that MBP alleviated symptoms of high-fat diet-induced T2DM. A high dosage of MBP enhanced the hypoglycemic effects compared with low and medium dosages. During gavage, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of rats in the MBP group were significantly reduced (p < 0.05). The glucose tolerance of rats in the MBP group was significantly improved (p < 0.05). In diabetic mice, MBP significantly increased the activities of CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px. The inflammatory symptoms of liver cells and islet cells in the MBP group were alleviated, and the anti-inflammatory effect was partially correlated with the dose of MBP. After 4 weeks of treatment with MBP, the indices of blood lipid in the MBP group were significantly improved compared with those of the DM group (p < 0.05). Treatment with MBP (400 mg/kg) increases the levels of beneficial bacteria and decreases harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract of rats, thus altering the intestinal microbial community and antidiabetic effect on mice with T2DM by modulating gut microbiota. The findings suggest that MBP is a potential pharmaceutical supplement for preventing and treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Dingyi Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Baoqing Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tao Bo
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Sanhong Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Characteristic Plant Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Correspondence:
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13
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Song ZY, Yuan D, Zhang SX. Role of the microbiome and its metabolites in ankylosing spondylitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1010572. [PMID: 36311749 PMCID: PMC9608452 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic condition that commonly influences the spine and sacroiliac joints, usually progresses to stiffness and progressive functional limitation. Its fundamental etiology and pathogenesis are likely multifactorial and remain elusive. As environmental factors, gut microbiota performs critical functions in the pathogenesis of AS through various mechanisms, including interacting with genes, enhancing intestinal permeability, activating the gut mucosa immune system, and affecting the intestinal microbiota metabolites. This review provides an overview of recent advances in investigating gut microbiota in AS pathogenesis and discusses potential methods for future therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Song
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Duo Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rheumatism Immune Microecology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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14
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Zhao Y, Zhong X, Yan J, Sun C, Zhao X, Wang X. Potential roles of gut microbes in biotransformation of natural products: An overview. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:956378. [PMID: 36246222 PMCID: PMC9560768 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.956378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been extensively applied in clinical practice, characterized by multi-component and multi-target, many pharmacodynamic substances, complex action mechanisms, and various physiological activities. For the oral administration of natural products, the gut microbiota and clinical efficacy are closely related, but this relationship remains unclear. Gut microbes play an important role in the transformation and utilization of natural products caused by the diversity of enzyme systems. Effective components such as flavonoids, alkaloids, lignans, and phenols cannot be metabolized directly through human digestive enzymes but can be transformed by enzymes produced by gut microorganisms and then utilized. Therefore, the focus is paid to the metabolism of natural products through the gut microbiota. In the present study, we systematically reviewed the studies about gut microbiota and their effect on the biotransformation of various components of natural products and highlighted the involved common bacteria, reaction types, pharmacological actions, and research methods. This study aims to provide theoretical support for the clinical application in the prevention and treatment of diseases and provide new ideas for studying natural products based on gut biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucui Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinqin Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Junyuan Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Congying Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Zhao,
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Xiaoying Wang,
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15
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Xia W, Liu B, Tang S, Yasir M, Khan I. The science behind TCM and Gut microbiota interaction-their combinatorial approach holds promising therapeutic applications. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:875513. [PMID: 36176581 PMCID: PMC9513201 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.875513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The trend toward herbal medicine as an alternative treatment for disease medication is increasing worldwide. However, insufficient pharmacologic information is available about the orally taken medicines. Not only herbal medicine, but also Western drugs, when passing through the gastrointestinal tract, interact with trillions of microbes (known as the gut microbiome [GM]) and their enzymes. Gut microbiome enzymes induce massive structural and functional changes to the herbal products and impact the bioavailability and efficacy of the herbal therapeutics. Therefore, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researchers extend the horizon of TCM research to the GM to better understand TCM pharmacology and enhance its efficacy and bioavailability. The study investigating the interaction between herbal medicine and gut microbes utilizes the holistic approach, making landmark achievements in the field of disease prognosis and treatment. The effectiveness of TCM is a multipathway modulation, and so is the GM. This review provides an insight into the understanding of a holistic view of TCM and GM interaction. Furthermore, this review briefly describes the mechanism of how the TCM-GM interaction deals with various illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Xia
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyun Tang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Agency, Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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16
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Ongtanasup T, Wanmasae S, Srisang S, Manaspon C, Net-anong S, Eawsakul K. In silico investigation of ACE2 and the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 with phytochemicals from Myristica fragrans (Houtt.) for the discovery of a novel COVID-19 drug. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103389. [PMID: 35935103 PMCID: PMC9338756 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a new coronavirus strain that was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. A specific treatment for COVID-19 has yet to be identified. Potential therapeutic targets include SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) and the SARS-CoV-2 spike-ACE2 interaction. Molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD), solvent screening for the extraction of the specified compounds, and prediction of the drug properties of certain molecules were the methods used in this study to investigate compounds from the medicinal plant Myristica fragrans, which is one of twelve herbs in Prasachandaeng remedy (PSD). ArgusLab, AutoDock Vina, and AutoDock were used to perform docking tasks. The examined ligands were compared with panduratin A as a standard (Kanjanasirirat et al., 2020), which is a promising medicinal plant molecule for the treatment of COVID-19. Molecular docking revealed that malabaricones B and C and licarins A, B and C bound to SARS-CoV-2/ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 Mpro with low binding energies compared to that of the standard ligand. Furthermore, appropriate solvent usage is important. Acetone was selected by COSMOquick software for compound extraction in this investigation because it can extract large amounts of all five of the abovementioned M. fragrans compounds. Furthermore, the drug-like properties of these compounds were studied utilizing the Lipinski, Veber, and Ghose criteria. The results revealed that these M. fragrans compounds have potential as effective medicines to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. However, to assess the therapeutic potential of these ligands, additional research is needed, which will use our findings as a foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassanee Ongtanasup
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Smith Wanmasae
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Siriwan Srisang
- Energy Engineering Division, Department of Engineering, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Prince of Chumphon Campus, Chumphon 86160, Thailand
| | - Chawan Manaspon
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Soiphet Net-anong
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Komgrit Eawsakul
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Corresponding author at: School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
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17
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Kalia VC, Shim WY, Patel SKS, Gong C, Lee JK. Recent developments in antimicrobial growth promoters in chicken health: Opportunities and challenges. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155300. [PMID: 35447189 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With a continuously increasing human population is an increasing global demand for food. People in countries with a higher socioeconomic status tend to switch their preferences from grains to meat and high-value foods. Their preference for chicken as a source of protein has grown by 70% over the last three decades. Many studies have shown the role of feed in regulating the animal gut microbiome and its impact on host health. The microbiome absorbs nutrients, digests foods, induces a mucosal immune response, maintains homeostasis, and regulates bioactive metabolites. These metabolic activities are influenced by the microbiota and diet. An imbalance in microbiota affects host physiology and progressively causes disorders and diseases. With the use of antibiotics, a shift from dysbiosis with a higher density of pathogens to homeostasis can occur. However, the progressive use of higher doses of antibiotics proved harmful and resulted in the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes. As a result, the use of antibiotics as feed additives has been banned. Researchers, regulatory authorities, and managers in the poultry industry have assessed the challenges associated with these restrictions. Research has sought to identify alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters for poultry that do not have any adverse effects. Modulating the host intestinal microbiome by regulating dietary factors is much easier than manipulating host genetics. Research efforts have led to the identification of feed additives, including bacteriocins, immunostimulants, organic acids, phytogenics, prebiotics, probiotics, phytoncides, and bacteriophages. In contrast to focusing on one or more of these alternative bioadditives, an improved feed conversion ratio with enhanced poultry products is possible by employing a combination of feed additives. This article may be helpful in future research towards developing a sustainable poultry industry through the use of the proposed alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Chandra Kalia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Yong Shim
- Samsung Particulate Matter Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., 130 Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanjay Kumar Singh Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunjie Gong
- National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, People's Republic of China
| | - Jung-Kul Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Liu T, Lu X, Gao W, Zhai Y, Li H, Li S, Yang L, Ma F, Zhan Y, Mao H. Cardioprotection effect of Yiqi-Huoxue-Jiangzhuo formula in a chronic kidney disease mouse model associated with gut microbiota modulation and NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113159. [PMID: 35661533 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis and treatment of cardiovascular disease mediated by chronic kidney disease (CKD) are key research questions. Specifically, the mechanisms underlying the cardiorenal protective effect of Yiqi-Huoxue-Jiangzhuo formula (YHJF), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, have not yet been clarified. METHODS A classical CKD mouse model was constructed by 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx) to study the effects of YHJF intervention on 5/6 Nx mice cardiorenal function, gut microbial composition, gut-derived metabolites, and NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. RESULTS YHJF improved cardiac dysfunction and reversed left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial hypertrophy, and interstitial fibrosis in 5/6 Nx mice. In addition, YHJF inhibited activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and downregulated the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β both in the heart and serum; reconstitution of the intestinal flora imbalance was also found in 5/6 Nx mice treated with YHJF. Spearman's correlation and redundancy analyses showed that changes in the intestinal flora of 5/6 Nx mice were related to clinical phenotype and serum inflammatory levels. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with YHJF effectively protected the heart function of 5/6 Nx mice; this effect was attributed to inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and regulation of intestinal microbial composition and derived metabolites. YHJF has potential for improving intestinal flora imbalance and gut-derived toxin accumulation in patients with CKD, thereby preventing cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiaoguang Lu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wenya Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhai
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Medical Science, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Han Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Shangheng Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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19
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Advances in polysaccharides of natural source of the anti-Alzheimer's disease effect and mechanism. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 296:119961. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Bu F, Yao X, Lu Z, Yuan X, Chen C, Li L, Li Y, Jiang F, Zhu L, Shi G, Chen Y. Pathogenic or Therapeutic: The Mediating Role of Gut Microbiota in Non-Communicable Diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:906349. [PMID: 35873168 PMCID: PMC9301375 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.906349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) lead to 41 million deaths every year and account for 71% of all deaths worldwide. Increasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota disorders are closely linked to the occurrence and development of diseases. The gut microbiota, as a potential transmission medium, could play a key role in the transmission and treatment of diseases. The gut microbiota makes noncommunicable diseases communicable. New methods of the prevention and treatment of these diseases could be further explored through the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yugen Chen
- *Correspondence: Yugen Chen, ; Guoping Shi,
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21
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Li S, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Lv H, Luo L, Wang S, Guan X. Polyphenolic Extracts of Coffee Cherry Husks Alleviated Colitis-Induced Neural Inflammation via NF-κB Signaling Regulation and Gut Microbiota Modification. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6467-6477. [PMID: 35588304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coffee cherry husks, the main byproduct of coffee production, contain an abundance of polyphenols. In this study, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice were used to study the protective effects of polyphenolic extracts of coffee cherry husks (CCHP) on inflammation. The results indicated that CCHP administration alleviated the histological changes of DSS-induced colitis in mice and downregulated the mRNA level of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and Cox-2. Interestingly, CCHP inhibited the activation of microglia and suppressed neural inflammation in the brain. The TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway was examined and found to be inhibited by CCHP. Furthermore, a determination of the gut microbiota showed that an alteration of microbiota induced by DSS was restored by CCHP, including the decrease of the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and the increase of Bacteroidota. In conclusion, our results revealed the great potential of CCHP to alleviate brain inflammation in colitis mice by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway and regulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Hongyan Lv
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Lei Luo
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai 200093, China
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22
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Ye Z, Xu YJ, Liu Y. Different typical dietary lipid consumption affects the bile acid metabolism and the gut microbiota structure: an animal trial using Sprague-Dawley rats. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3179-3192. [PMID: 34787315 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The palm oil (PO), leaf lard oil (LO), rapeseed oil (RO), sunflower oil (SO) and linseed oil (LN) are five of the most typical dietary lipids in most Asian countries. However, their influences on gut health, and the connections between the fatty acid composition, the gut microbiota, and the bile acid metabolism are not fully understood. RESULTS In the present study, results showed that compared with polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich SO and LN, the saturated fatty acid (SFA)-rich and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA)-rich PO, LO and RO were more likely to decrease the re-absorption of bile acid in the colon, which was probably caused by their different role in modulating the gut microbiota structure. LO consumption significantly up-regulated the Cyp27a1, FXR and TGR5 gene expression level (P < 0.05). The correlation results suggested that the C18:0 was significantly positive correlated with these three genes, indicating that intake of SFA-rich dietary lipids, especially for the C18:0, could specifically increase the bile acid production by stimulating the bile acid alternative synthesis pathway. Although the bile acid receptor expression in the colon was increased, the re-absorption of bile acid did not show a significant increase (P > 0.05) as compared with other dietary lipids. Moreover, the C18:2-rich SO maintained the bile acid metabolic balance probably by decreasing the Romboutsia, while increasing the Bifidobacterium abundance in the colon. CONCLUSIONS The different dietary lipids showed different effects on the bile acid metabolism, which was probably connected with the alterations in the gut microbiota structure. The present study could provide basic understandings about the influences of the different dietary lipids consumption on gut homeostasis and bile acid metabolism. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Ye
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, P. R. China
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Wang M, Li J, Hu T, Zhao H. Metabolic fate of tea polyphenols and their crosstalk with gut microbiota. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Peng R, Han P, Fu J, Zhang ZW, Ma SR, Pan LB, Xia YY, Yu H, Xu H, Liu CX, Wang Y. Esterases From Bifidobacteria Exhibit the Conversion of Albiflorin in Gut Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:880118. [PMID: 35464989 PMCID: PMC9019491 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.880118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bifidobacteria is an important microbe that inhabits the human gut. It is capable of metabolizing complex compounds in the human diet. Albiflorin, an antidepressant natural product from Radix Paeoniae Alba in China, is difficult to absorb after oral administration, and its metabolism has been proven to be closely related to the gut microbiota. In this study, we demonstrated in vitro that several Bifidobacteria species were able to convert albiflorin to benzoic acid, and four esterases (B2, B3, B4, and BL) from Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium longum were found through genome mining and modeled by SWISS-MODEL. B2 and B3 presented the strongest albiflorin metabolism ability. The optimal conditions, including temperature, buffer, and pH, for the conversion of albiflorin by the four esterases were investigated. Furthermore, the effect of esterase on the metabolism of albiflorin in vivo was confirmed by transplanting bacteria containing esterase B2. This study demonstrated the vital role of esterases from Bifidobacteria in the metabolism of natural compounds containing ester bonds, which could contribute to the development of new enzymes, microbial evolution, and probiotic adjuvant compounds for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Rong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Bin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xia
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Research Unit for Drug Metabolism, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Xiao Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Research Unit for Drug Metabolism, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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25
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Su W, Du Y, Lian F, Wu H, Zhang X, Yang W, Duan Y, Pan Y, Liu W, Wu A, Zhao B, Wu C, Wu S. Standards for Collection, Preservation, and Transportation of Fecal Samples in TCM Clinical Trials. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:783682. [PMID: 35521221 PMCID: PMC9065286 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.783682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unlike chemical drugs with a single or a few kinds of active compounds, traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs)uses herbal formulas composed of numerous kinds of chemical constituents. Therefore, TCM clinical trials require unique and stricter standards for collecting, preserving, and transporting fecal samples than those used for chemical drugs. Unfortunately, there are no special standards for processing fecal samples in TCM clinical trials. Methods We invited interdisciplinary experts within TCM clinical trials and gut microbiome research to help formulate this standard. After more than a year’s in-depth discussion and amendments, we achieved a standard via expert interviews, literature research, questionnaire surveys, and public opinion solicitation. This standard has been reviewed and approved by the Standards Office of China of the Association of Chinese medicine. Results We established a sample information processing method prior to TCM clinical sample collection, which is adapted to the unique features of TCM. The method formulates detailed processing requirements for TCM information in addition to the factors that may disturb the gut microbiome. We also constructed a set of methods for collecting, preserving, and transporting fecal samples that meet the characteristics of TCM. These methods formulate detailed operating specifications on the collection approaches, storage conditions, transportation requirements, and management of fecal samples. Conclusions This standard guides the information processing prior to sample collection and the standard operating procedures for the collection, preservation, and transportation of fecal samples in TCM clinical trials, which also can be used as a reference by clinicians and researchers in modern medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan Su
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Du
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinrong Zhang
- Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenli Yang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Duan
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanming Pan
- The 7th Medical Center, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weijng Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Aiming Wu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Zhao
- Beijing QuantiHealth Technology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Chongming Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Shengxian Wu, ; Chongming Wu,
| | - Shengxian Wu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shengxian Wu, ; Chongming Wu,
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26
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Li Q, Liu W, Feng Y, Hou H, Zhang Z, Yu Q, Zhou Y, Luo Q, Luo Y, Ouyang H, Zhang H, Zhu W. Radix Puerariae thomsonii polysaccharide (RPP) improves inflammation and lipid peroxidation in alcohol and high-fat diet mice by regulating gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:858-870. [PMID: 35439478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are the important active constituents of Radix Puerariae thomsonii. Numerous studies have shown that polysaccharides can regulate gut microbiota, repair intestinal barrier, and affect the microbiota-intestine-liver axis, thereby showing therapeutic effects on metabolic disorders. In this study, Radix Puerariae thomsonii polysaccharide (RPP) was extracted from Radix Puerariae thomsonii. The average Mw of RPP was determined to be 1.09 × 105 Da and the monosaccharide composition showed it consisted of glucose. The effects and underlying mechanisms of RPP on fatty liver were studied using C57/BL6J mice induced by alcohol and high-fat diet. The results showed that the oral supplementation of RPP could alleviate alcohol and high-fat diet-induced hepatic injury and steatosis. RPP also promoted intestinal barrier integrity and reduced inflammation through NF-κB signaling pathway. RPP could ameliorate the lipid peroxidation by AMPK/NADPH oxidase signaling pathway. Additionally, these improvements might be related to the enrichment of intestinal bacteria Parabacteroides (promote intestinal barrier integrity) and Prevotellaceae UCG 001 (activation of AMPK signaling pathway). These results demonstrated that RPP could improve inflammation and lipid peroxidation in the alcohol and high-fat diet mouse by restoring the intestinal barrier integrity and regulating the gut microbiota. This suggested that RPP was a potential food supplement for the treatment of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Li
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Research and Development Department, Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., No.1899 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330103, PR China
| | - Yulin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Hengwei Hou
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Qingqing Yu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Quan Luo
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China
| | - Yingying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, No. 56 Yangming Road, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China.
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China; Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Chinese Medicine of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 818 Yunwan Road, Nanchang 330002, PR China.
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Sex Difference of Effect of Sophora flavescens on Gut Microbiota in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4552904. [PMID: 35341152 PMCID: PMC8941563 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4552904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective By observing the sex difference of the gut microbiota in rats and the influence of Sophora flavescens (S. flavescens) on the gut microbiota in rats of different genders, it is hoped that it can provide reference materials for the rational use of S. flavescens in clinical practice. Method Taking samples of the jejunum (containing intestinal contents) and feces of 8-week-old rats, and detecting the composition of gut microbiota of females and males by 16S rRNA sequencing technology; At the same time, 8-week-old rats were gavaged with different doses of S. flavescens decoction, and the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon (including the intestinal contents) samples were collected at 1, 2, and 3 weeks, using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) technology and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) technology to observe the changes in the structure and the quantitative changes of 4 major intestinal dominant bacteria Enterococcus, Bacteriodes, Lactobacillus, and Clostridium in each intestinal segment, respectively. Result (1) The gut microbiota of normal rats without administration also had obvious gender differences; (2) S. flavescens significantly affects the composition of gut microbiota, and in different intestinal segments, this effect was different between genders under different dosages and different continuous administration times. Conclusion The effect of S. flavescens on the gut microbiota of rats had gender differences.
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28
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Anti-obesity natural products and gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2022; 151:110819. [PMID: 34980371 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The link between gut microbiota and obesity or other metabolic syndromes is growing increasingly clear. Natural products are appreciated for their beneficial health effects in humans. Increasing investigations demonstrated that the anti-obesity bioactivities of many natural products are gut microbiota dependent. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on anti-obesity natural products acting through gut microbiota according to their chemical structures and signaling metabolites. Manipulation of the gut microbiota by natural products may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent obesity.
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29
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Zhong SR, Kuang Q, Zhang F, Chen B, Zhong ZG. Functional roles of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in Alzheimer’s disease: Implications of gut microbiota-targeted therapy. Transl Neurosci 2021; 12:581-600. [PMID: 35070442 PMCID: PMC8724360 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing scientific evidence demonstrates that the gut microbiota influences normal physiological homeostasis and contributes to pathogenesis, ranging from obesity to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Gut microbiota can interact with the central nervous system (CNS) through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The interaction is mediated by microbial secretions, metabolic interventions, and neural stimulation. Here, we review and summarize the regulatory pathways (immune, neural, neuroendocrine, or metabolic systems) in the microbiota-gut-brain axis in AD pathogenesis. Besides, we highlight the significant roles of the intestinal epithelial barrier and blood–brain barrier (BBB) in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. During the progression of AD, there is a gradual shift in the gut microbiota and host co-metabolic relationship, leading to gut dysbiosis, and the imbalance of microbial secretions and metabolites, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These products may affect the CNS metabolic state and immune balance through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Further, we summarize the potential microbiota-gut-brain axis-targeted therapy including carbohydrates, probiotics, dietary measures, and propose new strategies toward the development of anti-AD drugs. Taken together, the data in this review suggest that remodeling the gut microbiota may present a tractable strategy in the management and development of new therapeutics against AD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ran Zhong
- School of Health Medicine, Guangzhou Huashang College , Guangzhou , 511300 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Kuang
- School of Health Medicine, Guangzhou Huashang College , Guangzhou , 511300 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou , 510006 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Ben Chen
- Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine , Nanning City , 530200, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region , People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Guo Zhong
- Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine , Nanning City , 530200, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region , People’s Republic of China
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30
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Sun X, Wang D, Wei L, Ding L, Guo Y, Wang Z, Kong Y, Yang J, Sun L, Sun L. Gut Microbiota and SCFAs Play Key Roles in QingFei Yin Recipe Anti- Streptococcal Pneumonia Effects. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:791466. [PMID: 34950611 PMCID: PMC8688933 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.791466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has revealed the presence in animals of a bidirectional regulatory “lung-gut axis” that provides resistance to respiratory infections. Clues to the existence of this system stem from observations that respiratory infections are often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms, whereby intestinal microbiota appear to play pivotal roles in combating pathogenic infections. Importantly, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota appear to serve as the biological link between host immune defenses and gut flora. Streptococcus pneumoniae (S.pn), the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections, is involved in more than 1.189 million deaths per year. QingFei Yin (QFY) is known for its excellent therapeutic efficacy in combating bacterial lung infections. In this study, effects of S.pn infection on gut homeostasis were assessed using 16S RNA-based microbiota community profiling analysis. In addition, potential mechanisms underlying QFY recipe beneficial therapeutic effects against bacterial pneumonia were explored using S.pn-infected gut microbiota-depleted mice. Results of data analysis indicated that QFY treatment alleviated lung infection-associated pathogenic processes, while also promoting repair of disordered gut flora and counteracting S.pn infection-associated decreases in levels of SCFAs, particularly of acetate and butyrate. Mechanistically, QFY treatment suppressed inflammatory lung injury through inhibition of the host NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway. These results inspired us to identify precise QFY targets and mechanisms underlying QFY anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, we conducted an in-depth evaluation of QFY as a potential treatment for bacterial pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China., Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lina Wei
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Center of Children's Clinic, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lizhong Ding
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Center of Children's Clinic, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yinan Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Center of Children's Clinic, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhongtian Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yibu Kong
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Center of Children's Clinic, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Center of Children's Clinic, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China., Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Liping Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,Center of Children's Clinic, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Early social contact alters the community structure and functions of the faecal microbiome in suckling-growing piglets. Animal 2021; 15:100393. [PMID: 34844184 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2021.100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Social contact during suckling, in an enriched social environment, can reduce the aggressive behaviours of piglets during regrouping at weaning, and improve their production performance and welfare. The aim of this study was to determine the possible impact of suckling social contact on gut microbes. We performed 16S rRNA sequencing to measure the faecal microbial structure and function in piglets experiencing social contact. Eighteen-litter piglets were allocated to two treatments: an early continuous social contact (CSC) group where piglets from adjacent pens shared a mutual pen starting at 14 days postpartum and a control (CON) group where piglets had no contact with individuals from adjacent pens during the suckling period. The piglets were regrouped at 36 days of age. The litter weights at 35 and 63 days of age were measured. Faecal samples were randomly collected at 16, 35, 42, and 63 days of age and faecal DNA was determined. The results showed that the litter weight of piglets in the CSC group was significantly decreased at 63 days compared with the CON group. Continuous social contact also significantly decreased the microbial richness at 16 and 35 days of age (P < 0.05). Firmicutes was the most abundant bacterial phylum in both groups at all detected time-points and the abundance increased with social contact. At the genus level, Lactobacillus was the most abundant bacterium after weaning and the abundance increased in the piglets with social contact. Compared with the faecal microbiota of control piglets, a total of 22 genera at 16 days, 20 genera at 35 days, 12 genera at 42 days, and 27 genera at 63 days in the faeces of CSC piglets were observed to be significantly different in abundance (linear discriminant analysis score > 3, P < 0.05). Furthermore, functional analysis of the microbial composition showed that the changes induced by early CSC mainly altered the relative abundance of metabolic and related pathways. The social contact notably had an effect on the abundance of microbial pathways for amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. In conclusion, CSC changed the microbial composition in the faeces of piglets, which might have a negative effect on nutrient metabolism for the suckling-growing piglets. Our study provided new insight into the influence of social contact on the suckling-growing piglets.
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Safety assessment of crude saponins from Chenopodium quinoa willd. husks: 90-day oral toxicity and gut microbiota & metabonomics study in rats. Food Chem 2021; 375:131655. [PMID: 34903398 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The subchronic toxicity of saponins of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. husks in healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was explored. Female and male rats were randomly divided into 0, 5, 50, and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day groups. Subchronic general toxicity, metabonomics and gut microbiota were assessed. The rats treated with saponins weighed less and had lower blood sugar levels (P < 0.05). Thirty-two differential metabolites were found in female rats and 23 in male rats. Saponins also led to changes in metabonomics. Slight necrosis was observed in the intestinal mucosa, which was associated with an increase in the gut microbiota diversity of female rats in the high-dose saponin treatment group and metabolic changes in the liver and kidney. In conclusion, the toxic effect of quinoa saponins is sex-dependent; however, the no-observed-adverse-effect level for quinoa saponins was evaluated to be under 50 mg/kg BW/day for both sexes in the current study.
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Tianwang Buxin Granules Influence the Intestinal Flora in Perimenopausal Insomnia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9979511. [PMID: 34825005 PMCID: PMC8610686 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9979511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Methods The subjects included 13 PI patients from the Hubei Provincial Hospital of TCM, Hubei University of TCM, and Wuhan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, and the corresponding noninsomniac spouses of the patients were selected as controls. TWBXG was continuously administered for 4 weeks. The feces of PI patients and their noninsomniac spouses before and after treatment with TWBXG were collected. The intestinal flora composition of each group was detected by metagenomic sequencing, and the efficacy of TWBXG was evaluated by the PSQI scale. Results Compared with the control group, the model group showed an increase in the abundance of Roseburia faecis, Ruminococcus, Prevotella copri, Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, and Blautia obeum, while those of Bacteroides, fecal Bacteroidetes, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were decreased. Compared with pretreatment, the PSQI score was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), the abundance of Bacteroides, fecal Bacteroidetes, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii increased, and that of Roseburia faecis, Ruminococcus, Prevotella copri, Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, and Blautia obeum decreased after treatment. However, there was still a certain gap in the abundance of related flora in the treatment group compared with the control. Conclusion PI is associated with disturbances in the intestinal flora and is mainly related to the disorders of Roseburia faecis, Ruminococcus, Prevotella copri, Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, Blautia obeum, Bacteroides, fecal Bacteroidetes, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. TWBXG can effectively treat PI, and its effect may be achieved by regulating the disordered intestinal flora. Clinical Trials. The study was registered in the Chinese clinical trial registry and approved by the World Health Organization clinical trial registration platform (Effects of the modified Tianwang Buxin granule and modified Tianwang Buxin decoction pieces on insomnia: a randomized, controlled trial, ChiCTR-IPR-17011549).
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Dey P, Chaudhuri SR, Efferth T, Pal S. The intestinal 3M (microbiota, metabolism, metabolome) zeitgeist - from fundamentals to future challenges. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:265-285. [PMID: 34610364 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of the intestine in human health and disease has historically been neglected and was mostly attributed to digestive and absorptive functions. In the past two decades, however, discoveries related to human nutrition and intestinal host-microbe reciprocal interaction have established the essential role of intestinal health in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases and the overall wellbeing. That transfer of gut microbiota could be a means of disease phenotype transfer has revolutionized our understanding of chronic disease pathogenesis. This narrative review highlights the major concepts related to intestinal microbiota, metabolism, and metabolome (3M) that have facilitated our fundamental understanding of the association between the intestine, and human health and disease. In line with increased interest of microbiota-dependent modulation of human health by dietary phytochemicals, we have also discussed the emerging concepts beyond the phytochemical bioactivities which emphasizes the integral role of microbial metabolites of parent phytochemicals at extraintestinal tissues. Finally, this review concludes with challenges and future prospects in defining the 3M interactions and has emphasized the fact that, it takes 'guts' to stay healthy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India.
| | - Saumya Ray Chaudhuri
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sirshendu Pal
- Mukherjee Hospital, Mitra's Clinic and Nursing Home, Siliguri, West Bengal, India
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Zhang Y, Li X, Li X. Curcumae Ameliorates Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Alteration of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:5551-5566. [PMID: 34737604 PMCID: PMC8558749 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s330499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increased the risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). NAFLD induces the hepatic-related cancer deaths mostly in middle-aged men. NAFLD enhanced the inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress in the hepatic tissue. Curcumae exhibited the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we made an attempt to scrutinize the protective effect of curcumae on obesity-induced HCC via alteration of inflammation, oxidative stress and gut microbiota. METHODS The rats used in this experiment were Wistar rats, 100 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (hepatic carcinogen) was used at 2 weeks. After 6 weeks of the experimental study, the rats were randomly divided into high-fat diet (HFD) with or without curcumae-treated group rats and received the treatment for 22 weeks. Hepatic, non-hepatic, cardiac, antioxidant, pro-inflammatory and inflammatory were estimated at the end of the study. The stools of the experimental rats were collected for estimating the gut microbiota. RESULTS Curcumae-treated group rats exposed reduction of the hepatic nodules in hepatic tissue. Curcumae significantly (P<0.001) diminished the level of hepatic parameters and antioxidant parameters in the serum. Curcumae significantly (P<0.001) suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokines level, viz. interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-7 (IL-7) and augmented the level of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the serum and hepatic tissue. Curcumae significantly (P<0.001) suppressed inflammatory mediators including cyclooxygenase (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the serum and hepatic tissue. Furthermore, curcumae increased the gut microbial diversity and richness and decreased the relative abundance of genus Mucispirillum and Clostridium, respectively. CONCLUSION Curcumae prevents HFD-induced inflammation during the hepatic carcinoma by modulating the oxidative stress, inflammatory reaction and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Fourth People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu, 222002, People’s Republic of China
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Tsugawa H, Rai A, Saito K, Nakabayashi R. Metabolomics and complementary techniques to investigate the plant phytochemical cosmos. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1729-1759. [PMID: 34668509 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2021Plants and their associated microbial communities are known to produce millions of metabolites, a majority of which are still not characterized and are speculated to possess novel bioactive properties. In addition to their role in plant physiology, these metabolites are also relevant as existing and next-generation medicine candidates. Elucidation of the plant metabolite diversity is thus valuable for the successful exploitation of natural resources for humankind. Herein, we present a comprehensive review on recent metabolomics approaches to illuminate molecular networks in plants, including chemical isolation and enzymatic production as well as the modern metabolomics approaches such as stable isotope labeling, ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, metabolome imaging (spatial metabolomics), single-cell analysis, cheminformatics, and computational mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry-based strategies to characterize plant metabolomes through metabolite identification and annotation are described in detail. We also highlight the use of phytochemical genomics to mine genes associated with specialized metabolites' biosynthesis. Understanding the metabolic diversity through biotechnological advances is fundamental to elucidate the functions of the plant-derived specialized metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsugawa
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. .,RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.,Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Amit Rai
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. .,Plant Molecular Science Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kazuki Saito
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan. .,Plant Molecular Science Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Ryo Nakabayashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
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Hui Y, Tang T, Wang J, Zhao H, Yang HY, Xi J, Zhang B, Fang J, Gao K, Wu Y. Fusaricide is a Novel Iron Chelator that Induces Apoptosis through Activating Caspase-3. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:2094-2103. [PMID: 34292737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been a fatal and refractory disease worldwide. Novel therapeutic developments based on fundamental investigations of anticancer mechanisms underlie substantial foundations to win the fight against cancer diseases. In this study, we isolated a natural product fusaricide (FCD) from an endophytic fungus of Lycium barbarum, identified as Epicoccum sp. For the first time, we discovered that FCD potently inhibited proliferation in a variety of human NSCLC cell lines, with relatively less toxicity to normal cells. Our study exhibited that FCD induced apoptosis, caused DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase, and activated caspase-3 as well as other apoptosis-related factors in human NSCLC NCI-H460 cells. FCD was proven to be an iron chelator that actively decreased levels of cellular labile iron pool in NCI-H460 cells in our study. FeCl3 supplement reversed FCD-induced apoptosis. The upregulation of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1) and downregulation of ferritin heavy chain (FTH) expression were observed after FCD treatment. In summary, our study highlighted the potential anticancer effects of FCD against human NSCLCs and demonstrated that the FCD-mediated apoptosis depended on binding to intracellular iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Ting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Junmin Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yueting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
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Lin LP, Liu D, Qian JC, Wu L, Zhao Q, Tan RX. Post-ingestion conversion of dietary indoles into anticancer agents. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 9:nwab144. [PMID: 35505660 PMCID: PMC9053945 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are health benefits from consuming cruciferous vegetables that release indole-3-carbinol (I3C), but the in vivo transformation of I3C-related indoles remains underinvestigated. Here we detail the post-ingestion conversion of I3C into antitumor agents, 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-3,3′-diindolylmethane (LTr1) and 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), by conceptualizing and materializing the reaction flux derailing (RFD) approach as a means of unraveling these stepwise transformations to be non-enzymatic but pH-dependent and gut microbe-sensitive. In the upper (or acidic) gastrointestinal tract, LTr1 is generated through Michael addition of 3-methyleneindolium (3MI, derived in situ from I3C) to DIM produced from I3C via the formaldehyde-releasing (major) and CO2-liberating (minor) pathways. In the large intestine, ‘endogenous’ I3C and DIM can form, respectively, from couplings of formaldehyde with one and two molecules of indole (a tryptophan catabolite). Acid-producing gut bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus facilitate the H+-promotable steps. This work updates our understanding of the merits of I3C consumption and identifies LTr1 as a drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jia Cheng Qian
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liang Wu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Quan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ren Xiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Gu X, Yu T, Guo T, Kong J. A qPCR-based method for rapid quantification of six intestinal homeostasis-relevant bacterial genera in feces. Future Microbiol 2021; 16:895-906. [PMID: 34342236 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2020-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Developing efficient methods for monitoring the complex microbial community to rapidly assess the health status. Materials & methods: The qPCR-based method was developed, verified and in situ applied in fecal samples. Results: Six primer pairs with high specificity were designed to perform qPCR assays under a unified reaction condition within 2.5 h. The limits of detection, amplification efficiency and feasibility of the qPCR-based method established here were verified. In situ application of 18 fecal samples showed that the amounts of Bacteroides, Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium in colorectal cancer patient feces were obviously lower than those of healthy volunteers. Conclusion: This qPCR-based method was a reliable tool for rapid quantification of the six intestinal homeostasis relevant bacterial genera in feces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jian Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Yun L, Li W, Liu Y, Wu T, Zhang M. Regulation of wheat germ polysaccharides in the immune response of mice from newborn to adulthood associated with intestinal microbiota. Food Funct 2021; 11:9662-9674. [PMID: 33211056 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02031a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of wheat germ polysaccharides (WGPs), which are indigestible carbohydrate fibers, on mice in early life, and the changes leading to long-lasting consequences. We determined the influences of early life ceftriaxone and WGP treatment on intestinal microbiota and immunity both in newborn and adulthood mice. The results showed that ceftriaxone significantly altered the intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids' (SCFAs) metabolism, organ index, and serum OVA-specific IgE levels in newborn mice. Comparing adulthood mice to ceftriaxone-treated mice, the diversity and composition of intestinal microbiota were significantly improved after WGP treatment. In addition, the levels of OVA-specific IgE in the WGP-treated mice were significantly decreased, and the expression of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α) were obviously increased. Therefore, we speculate that the mechanism of action of the indigestible carbohydrate fibers of WGPs is through maintaining immune homeostasis in newborns, which may partly last into adulthood. More importantly, this may be closely related to alterations in the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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Sibeko L, Johns T. Global survey of medicinal plants during lactation and postpartum recovery: Evolutionary perspectives and contemporary health implications. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113812. [PMID: 33450288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cross-cultural comparison of plants used during lactation and the postpartum period offers insight into a largely overlooked area of ethnopharmacological research. Potential roles of phytochemicals in emerging models of interaction among immunity, inflammation, microbiome and nervous system effects on perinatal development have relevance for the life-long health of individuals and of populations in both traditional and contemporary contexts. AIM OF THE STUDY Delineate and interpret patterns of traditional and contemporary global use of medicinal plants ingested by mothers during the postpartum period relative to phytochemical activity on immune development and gastrointestinal microbiome of breastfed infants, and on maternal health. MATERIALS AND METHODS Published reviews and surveys on galactagogues and postpartum recovery practices plus ethnobotanical studies from around the world were used to identify and rank plants, and ascertain regional use patterns. Scientific literature for 20 most-cited plants based on frequency of publication was assessed for antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antidepressant, analgesic, galactagogic and safety properties. RESULTS From compilation of 4418 use reports related to 1948 species, 105 plant taxa were recorded ≥7 times, with the most frequently cited species, Foeniculum vulgare, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Pimpinella anisum, Euphorbia hirta and Asparagus racemosus, 81, 64, 42, 40 and 38 times, respectively. Species and use vary globally, illustrated by the pattern of aromatic plants of culinary importance versus latex-producing plants utilized in North Africa/Middle East and Sub-Saharan Africa with opposing predominance. For 18/20 of the plants a risk/benefit perspective supports assessment that positive immunomodulation and related potential exceed any safety concerns. Published evidence does not support a lactation-enhancing effect for nearly all the most-cited plants while antidepressant data for the majority of plants are predominately limited to animal studies. CONCLUSIONS Within a biocultural context traditional postpartum plant use serves adaptive functions for the mother-infant dyad and contributes phytochemicals absent in most contemporary diets and patterns of ingestion, with potential impacts on allergic, inflammatory and other conditions. Polyphenolics and other phytochemicals are widely immunologically active, present in breast milk and predominately non-toxic. Systematic analysis of phytochemicals in human milk, infant lumen and plasma, and immunomodulatory studies that differentiate maternal ingestion during lactation from pregnancy, are needed. Potential herb-drug interaction and other adverse effects should remain central to obstetric advising, but unless a plant is specifically shown as harmful, considering potential contributions to health of individuals and populations, blanket advisories against postpartum herbal use during lactation appear empirically unwarranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindiwe Sibeko
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Timothy Johns
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste. Anne de Bellevue, QC, H9X 3V9, Canada.
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Wu X, Zhang N, Kan J, Tang S, Sun R, Wang Z, Chen M, Liu J, Jin C. Polyphenols from Arctium lappa L ameliorate doxorubicin-induced heart failure and improve gut microbiota composition in mice. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e13731. [PMID: 33864278 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the ameliorative effect of purified polyphenols from Arctium lappa L (ALPP) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induce heart failure was investigated. Results indicated that ALPP pretreatment significantly reduced the activities of casein kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, lowered the levels of inflammatory indexes (TNF-α and NO), and alleviated antioxidant stress in DOX-induce mice, thus leading to a reduced heart failure syndrome. In addition, according to 16s high-throughput sequencing, the increased abundance of Lactobacillaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Ruminococcaceae and the decreased abundance of Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaee, and Escherichia_Shigella were observed in ALPP treatment group. ALPP could significantly enhance the abundance of bacteria producing short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and then promote the increase of SCFAs. Consequently, ALPP might be a therapeutic alternative in the treatment of DOX-induced heart failure. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The effect of Arctium lappa L (ALPP) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced heart failure was investigated. It provided experimental basis for further studies on the biological activity of polyphenols from ALPP. The results demonstrated that ALPP could significantly ameliorate DOX-induced heart failure and improve the gut microbiota composition. The obtained results could provide the potential application of ALPP as an alternative therapy for heart failure in the functional food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Nianfeng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Juan Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Sixue Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Rui Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
| | - Changhai Jin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, PR China
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Li X, Tan X, Chen Q, Zhu X, Zhang J, Zhang J, Jia B. Prodigiosin of Serratia marcescens ZPG19 Alters the Gut Microbiota Composition of Kunming Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082156. [PMID: 33918541 PMCID: PMC8069934 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prodigiosin is a red pigment produced by Serratia marcescens with anticancer, antimalarial, and antibacterial effects. In this study, we extracted and identified a red pigment from a culture of S. marcescens strain ZPG19 and investigated its effect on the growth performance and intestinal microbiota of Kunming mice. High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed that the pigment had a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of 324.2160, and thus it was identified as prodigiosin. To investigate the effect of prodigiosin on the intestinal microbiota, mice (n = 5) were administered 150 μg/kg/d prodigiosin (crude extract, 95% purity) via the drinking water for 18 days. Administration of prodigiosin did not cause toxicity in mice. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that prodigiosin altered the cecum microbiota abundance and diversity; the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio significantly decreased, whereas Lactobacillus reuteri significantly increased. This finding indicates that oral administration of prodigiosin has a beneficial effect on the intestinal microbiota of mice. As prodigiosin is non-toxic to mouse internal organs and improves the mouse intestinal microbiota, we suggest that it is a promising candidate drug to treat intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250000, China; (X.L.); (X.T.); (Q.C.)
| | - Xinfeng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250000, China; (X.L.); (X.T.); (Q.C.)
| | - Qingshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250000, China; (X.L.); (X.T.); (Q.C.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250000, China;
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250000, China; (X.L.); (X.T.); (Q.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250000, China; (X.L.); (X.T.); (Q.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.Z.); (B.J.)
| | - Baolei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250000, China; (X.L.); (X.T.); (Q.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (J.Z.); (B.J.)
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Wang S, Li XY, Shen L. Modulation effects of Dendrobium officinale on gut microbiota of type 2 diabetes model mice. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6145026. [PMID: 33606020 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the relationship between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gut microbiota has attracted much interest. Dendrobium officinale is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with anti-T2D potential, while its action mechanism remains to be further studied. This study was designed to investigate the modulation effects of D. officinale on gut microbiota of T2D model mice to provide clues to its pharmacology by high-throughput sequencing techniques. It was found that D. officinale supplement could significantly reduce the fasting blood glucose levels of T2D mice. Dendrobium officinale supplement could modulate the composition of gut microbiota and increase the relative abundances of key bacterial taxa associated with T2D development, including Akkermansia and Parabacteroides. Compared with placebo group mice, several Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathways associated with T2D altered in the D. officinale treated group. These findings indicated the modulation of D. officinale on gut microbiota of T2D mice, which provide potential pharmacological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, People's Republic of China
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Kikusato M. Phytobiotics to improve health and production of broiler chickens: functions beyond the antioxidant activity. Anim Biosci 2021; 34:345-353. [PMID: 33705621 PMCID: PMC7961201 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytobiotics, also known as phytochemicals or phytogenics, have a wide variety of biological activities and have recently emerged as alternatives to synthetic antibiotic growth promoters. Numerous studies have reported the growth-promoting effects of phytobiotics in chickens, but their precise mechanism of action is yet to be elucidated. Phytobiotics are traditionally known for their antioxidant activity. However, extensive investigations have shown that these compounds also have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and transcription-modulating effects. Phytobiotics are non-nutritive constituents, and their bioavailability is low. Nonetheless, their beneficial effects have been observed in several tissues or organs. The health benefits of the ingestion of phytobiotics are attributed to their antioxidant activity. However, several studies have revealed that not all these benefits could be explained by the antioxidant effects alone. In this review, I focused on the bioavailability of phytobiotics and the possible mechanisms underlying their overall effects on intestinal barrier functions, inflammatory status, gut microbiota, systemic inflammation, and metabolism, rather than the specific effects of each compound. I also discuss the possible mechanisms by which phytobiotics contribute to growth promotion in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoi Kikusato
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
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Chen Y, Yang B, Stanton C, Ross RP, Zhao J, Zhang H, Chen W. Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum Ameliorates DSS-Induced Colitis by Maintaining Intestinal Mechanical Barrier, Blocking Proinflammatory Cytokines, Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB Signaling, and Altering Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1496-1512. [PMID: 33512996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to explore the effects and discrepancy of different CLA-producing Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum on relieving colitis and to investigate the potential mechanisms. B. pseudocatenulatum MY40C and CCFM680 were administered to mice with DSS-induced colitis. The content of tight junction proteins and mucin2 was significantly upregulated. TNF-α and IL-6 were downregulated, while IL-10 and PPAR-γ were upregulated. TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation was significantly inhibited. Moreover, each treated strain increased Allobaculum and decreased Sutterella, Bacteroides, and Oscillospira. The colonic conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) concentrations were significantly and positively correlated with the effectiveness of strain in relieving colitis. In conclusion, MY40C and CCFM680 supplementation alleviated DSS-induced colitis by protecting intestinal mechanical barrier, modulating gut microbiota, blocking proinflammatory cytokines, and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway. These results are conducive to promote clinical trials and product development of probiotics for colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Pharmabiotics & Antibiotic Resistance, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61 C996, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Zeng X, Yang X, Fan J, Tan Y, Ju L, Shen W, Wang Y, Wang X, Chen W, Ju D, Chen YZ. MASI: microbiota-active substance interactions database. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:D776-D782. [PMID: 33125077 PMCID: PMC7779062 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Xenobiotic and host active substances interact with gut microbiota to influence human health and therapeutics. Dietary, pharmaceutical, herbal and environmental substances are modified by microbiota with altered bioavailabilities, bioactivities and toxic effects. Xenobiotics also affect microbiota with health implications. Knowledge of these microbiota and active substance interactions is important for understanding microbiota-regulated functions and therapeutics. Established microbiota databases provide useful information about the microbiota-disease associations, diet and drug interventions, and microbiota modulation of drugs. However, there is insufficient information on the active substances modified by microbiota and the abundance of gut bacteria in humans. Only ∼7% drugs are covered by the established databases. To complement these databases, we developed MASI, Microbiota—Active Substance Interactions database, for providing the information about the microbiota alteration of various substances, substance alteration of microbiota, and the abundance of gut bacteria in humans. These include 1,051 pharmaceutical, 103 dietary, 119 herbal, 46 probiotic, 142 environmental substances interacting with 806 microbiota species linked to 56 diseases and 784 microbiota–disease associations. MASI covers 11 215 bacteria-pharmaceutical, 914 bacteria-herbal, 309 bacteria-dietary, 753 bacteria-environmental substance interactions and the abundance profiles of 259 bacteria species in 3465 patients and 5334 healthy individuals. MASI is freely accessible at http://www.aiddlab.com/MASI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zeng
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Ying Tan
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen Technology and Engineering Laboratory for Personalized Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Shenzhen Kivita Innovative Drug Discovery Institute, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Wanxiang Shen
- Bioinformatics and Drug Design group, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Yali Wang
- Bioinformatics and Drug Design group, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xinghao Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen Technology and Engineering Laboratory for Personalized Cancer Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Shenzhen Kivita Innovative Drug Discovery Institute, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Chen
- Key Lab of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, P. R. China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zong Chen
- Bioinformatics and Drug Design group, Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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Zhao X, Oduro PK, Tong W, Wang Y, Gao X, Wang Q. Therapeutic potential of natural products against atherosclerosis: Targeting on gut microbiota. Pharmacol Res 2020; 163:105362. [PMID: 33285231 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota (GM) has emerged as an essential and integral factor for maintaining human health and affecting pathological outcomes. Metagenomics and metabolomics characterization have furthered gut metagenome's understanding and unveiled that deviation of specific GM community members and GM-dependent metabolites imbalance orchestrate metabolic or cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Restoring GM ecosystem with nutraceutical supplements keenly prebiotics and probiotics relatively decreases CVDs incidence and overall mortality. In Atherosclerosis, commensal and pathogenic gut microbes correlate with atherogenesis events. GM-dependent metabolites-trimethylamine N-oxide and short-chain fatty acids regulate atherosclerosis-related metabolic processes in opposite patterns to affect atherosclerosis outcomes. Therefore, GM might be a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. In atherogenic animal models, natural products with cardioprotective properties could modulate the GM ecosystem by revitalizing healthier GM phylotypes and abrogating proatherogenic metabolites, paving future research paths for clinical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Patrick Kwabena Oduro
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanyu Tong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.
| | - Qilong Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, China.
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49
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Feng W, Liu J, Huang L, Tan Y, Peng C. Gut microbiota as a target to limit toxic effects of traditional Chinese medicine: Implications for therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:111047. [PMID: 33378954 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are medicines that are widely used in oriental countries under the guidance of ancient Chinese medicinal philosophies. With thousands of years of experiences in fighting against diseases, TCMs are gaining increasing importance in the world. Although the efficacy of TCMs is well recognized in clinic, the toxicity of TCMs has become a serious issue around the world in recent years. In general, the toxicity of TCMs is caused by the toxic medicinal compounds and contaminants in TCMs such as pesticides, herbicides, and heavy metals. Recent studies have demonstrated that gut microbiota can interact with TCMs and thus influence the toxicity of TCMs. However, there is no focused review on gut microbiota and the toxicity of TCMs. Here, we summarized the influences of the gut microbiota on the toxicity of medicinal compounds in TCMs and the corresponding mechanisms were offered. Then, we discussed the relationships between gut microbiota and the TCM contaminants. In addition, we discussed the methods of manipulating gut microbiota to reduce the toxicity of TCMs. At the end of this review, the perspectives on gut microbiota and the toxicity of TCMs were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuwen Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuzhu Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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50
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Yepes-Pérez AF, Herrera-Calderon O, Quintero-Saumeth J. Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw): a promising herbal medicine against SARS-CoV-2/ACE-2 junction and SARS-CoV-2 spike protein based on molecular modeling. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:2227-2243. [PMID: 33118480 PMCID: PMC7657399 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1837676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Currently, there is no effective treatment and vaccines seem to be the solution in the future. Virtual screening of potential drugs against the S protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has provided small molecular compounds with a high binding affinity. Unfortunately, most of these drugs do not attach with the binding interface of the receptor-binding domain (RBD)–angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) complex in host cells. Molecular modeling was carried out to evaluate the potential antiviral properties of the components of the medicinal herb Uncaria tomentosa (cat’s claw) focusing on the binding interface of the RBD–ACE-2 and the viral spike protein. The in silico approach starts with protein–ligand docking of 26 Cat’s claw key components followed by molecular dynamics simulations and re-docked calculations. Finally, we carried out drug-likeness calculations for the most qualified cat’s claw components. The structural bioinformatics approaches led to the identification of several bioactive compounds of U. tomentosa with potential therapeutic effect by dual strong interaction with interface of the RBD–ACE-2 and the ACE-2 binding site on SARS-CoV-2 RBD viral spike. In addition, in silico drug-likeness indices for these components were calculated and showed good predicted therapeutic profiles of these phytochemicals found in U. tomentosa (cat’s claw). Our findings suggest the potential effectiveness of cat’s claw as complementary and/or alternative medicine for COVID-19 treatment. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres F Yepes-Pérez
- Chemistry of Colombian Plants, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia-UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Oscar Herrera-Calderon
- Academic Department of Pharmacology Bromatology and Toxicology,Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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