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Zhu H, Jin RU. The role of the fibroblast in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2024; 40:319-327. [PMID: 38626060 PMCID: PMC11155289 DOI: 10.1097/mog.0000000000001032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Barrett's esophagus (BE) is the number one risk factor for developing esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a deadly cancer with limited treatment options that has been increasing in incidence in the US. In this report, we discuss current studies on the role of mesenchyme and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in BE and EAC, and we highlight translational prospects of targeting these cells. RECENT FINDINGS New insights through studies using single-cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNA seq) have revealed an important emerging role of the mesenchyme in developmental signaling and cancer initiation. BE and EAC share similar stromal gene expression, as functional classifications of nonepithelial cells in BE show a remarkable similarity to EAC CAFs. Several recent sc-RNA seq studies and novel organoid fibroblast co-culture systems have characterized the subgroups of fibroblasts in BE and EAC, and have shown that these cells can directly influence the epithelium to induce BE development and cancer progression. Targeting the CAFs in EAC with may be a promising novel therapeutic strategy. SUMMARY The fibroblasts in the surrounding mesenchyme may have a direct role in influencing altered epithelial plasticity during BE development and progression to EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Zhu
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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2
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Zhou X, Tong Y, Yu C, Pu J, Zhu W, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Xiong Y, Sun X. FAP positive cancer-associated fibroblasts promote tumor progression and radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by transferring exosomal lncRNA AFAP1-AS1. Mol Carcinog 2024. [PMID: 38934786 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are abundant and heterogeneous stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, which play important roles in regulating tumor progression and therapy resistance by transferring exosomes to cancer cells. However, how CAFs modulate esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression and radioresistance remains incompletely understood. The expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in CAFs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 174 ESCC patients who underwent surgery and 78 pretreatment biopsy specimens of ESCC patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy. We sorted CAFs according to FAP expression, and the conditioned medium (CM) was collected to culture ESCC cells. The expression levels of several lncRNAs that were considered to regulate ESCC progression and/or radioresistance were measured in exosomes derived from FAP+ CAFs and FAP- CAFs. Subsequently, cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, transwell, colony formation, and xenograft assays were performed to investigate the functional differences between FAP+ CAFs and FAP- CAFs. Finally, a series of in vitro and in vivo assays were used to evaluate the effect of AFAP1-AS1 on radiosensitivity of ESCC cells. FAP expression in stromal CAFs was positively correlated with nerve invasion, vascular invasion, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, lack of clinical complete response and poor survival. Culture of ESCC cells with CM/FAP+ CAFs significantly increased cancer proliferation, migration, invasion and radioresistance, compared with culture with CM/FAP- CAFs. Importantly, FAP+ CAFs exert their roles by directly transferring the functional lncRNA AFAP1-AS1 to ESCC cells via exosomes. Functional studies showed that AFAP1-AS1 promoted radioresistance by enhancing DNA damage repair in ESCC cells. Clinically, high levels of plasma AFAP1-AS1 correlated with poor responses to dCRT in ESCC patients. Our findings demonstrated that FAP+ CAFs promoted radioresistance in ESCC cells through transferring exosomal lncRNA AFAP1-AS1; and may be a potential therapeutic target for ESCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilei Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yusuo Tong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Changhua Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Juan Pu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lianshui County People's Hospital, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Xuzhou School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuandong Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yaozu Xiong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Xinchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Al-Hawary SIS, Abdalkareem Jasim S, Altalbawy FMA, Kumar A, Kaur H, Pramanik A, Jawad MA, Alsaad SB, Mohmmed KH, Zwamel AH. miRNAs in radiotherapy resistance of cancer; a comprehensive review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01329-2. [PMID: 38805114 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
While intensity-modulated radiation therapy-based comprehensive therapy increases outcomes, cancer patients still have a low five-year survival rate and a high recurrence rate. The primary factor contributing to cancer patients' poor prognoses is radiation resistance. A class of endogenous non-coding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), controls various biological processes in eukaryotes. These miRNAs influence tumor cell growth, death, migration, invasion, and metastasis, which controls how human carcinoma develops and spreads. The correlation between the unbalanced expression of miRNAs and the prognosis and sensitivity to radiation therapy is well-established. MiRNAs have a significant impact on the regulation of DNA repair, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and stemness in the tumor radiation response. But because radio resistance is a complicated phenomena, further research is required to fully comprehend these mechanisms. Radiation response rates vary depending on the modality used, which includes the method of delivery, radiation dosage, tumor stage and grade, confounding medical co-morbidities, and intrinsic tumor microenvironment. Here, we summarize the possible mechanisms through which miRNAs contribute to human tumors' resistance to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farag M A Altalbawy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560069, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, 247341, India
- Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831001, India
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Divison of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Salim Basim Alsaad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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4
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van der Zalm AP, Dings MPG, Manoukian P, Boersma H, Janssen R, Bailey P, Koster J, Zwijnenburg D, Volckmann R, Bootsma S, Waasdorp C, van Mourik M, Blangé D, van den Ende T, Oyarce CI, Derks S, Creemers A, Ebbing EA, Hooijer GK, Meijer SL, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Medema JP, van Laarhoven HWM, Bijlsma MF. The pluripotency factor NANOG contributes to mesenchymal plasticity and is predictive for outcome in esophageal adenocarcinoma. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:89. [PMID: 38760583 PMCID: PMC11101480 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00512-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the advent of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), overall survival rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) remain low. A readily induced mesenchymal transition of EAC cells contributes to resistance to CRT. METHODS In this study, we aimed to chart the heterogeneity in cell state transition after CRT and to identify its underpinnings. A panel of 12 esophageal cultures were treated with CRT and ranked by their relative epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity. RNA-sequencing was performed on 100 pre-treatment biopsies. After RNA-sequencing, Ridge regression analysis was applied to correlate gene expression to ranked plasticity, and models were developed to predict mesenchymal transitions in patients. Plasticity score predictions of the three highest significant predictive models were projected on the pre-treatment biopsies and related to clinical outcome data. Motif enrichment analysis of the genes associated with all three models was performed. RESULTS This study reveals NANOG as the key associated transcription factor predicting mesenchymal plasticity in EAC. Expression of NANOG in pre-treatment biopsies is highly associated with poor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation, the occurrence of recurrences, and median overall survival difference in EAC patients (>48 months). Perturbation of NANOG reduces plasticity and resensitizes cell lines, organoid cultures, and patient-derived in vivo grafts. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, NANOG is a key transcription factor in mesenchymal plasticity in EAC and a promising predictive marker for outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber P van der Zalm
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark P G Dings
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paul Manoukian
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hannah Boersma
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reimer Janssen
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Bailey
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jan Koster
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danny Zwijnenburg
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Volckmann
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Bootsma
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cynthia Waasdorp
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Monique van Mourik
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dionne Blangé
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van den Ende
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - César I Oyarce
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Derks
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aafke Creemers
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva A Ebbing
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit K Hooijer
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sybren L Meijer
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark I van Berge Henegouwen
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W M van Laarhoven
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten F Bijlsma
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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5
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Groza Y, Lacina L, Kuchař M, Rašková Kafková L, Zachová K, Janoušková O, Osička R, Černý J, Petroková H, Mierzwicka JM, Panova N, Kosztyu P, Sloupenská K, Malý J, Škarda J, Raška M, Smetana K, Malý P. Small protein blockers of human IL-6 receptor alpha inhibit proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:261. [PMID: 38715108 PMCID: PMC11075285 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01630-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that controls the immune response, and its role has been described in the development of autoimmune diseases. Signaling via its cognate IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) complex is critical in tumor progression and, therefore, IL-6R represents an important therapeutic target. METHODS An albumin-binding domain-derived highly complex combinatorial library was used to select IL-6R alpha (IL-6Rα)-targeted small protein binders using ribosome display. Large-scale screening of bacterial lysates of individual clones was performed using ELISA, and their IL-6Rα blocking potential was verified by competition ELISA. The binding of proteins to cells was monitored by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy on HEK293T-transfected cells, and inhibition of signaling function was examined using HEK-Blue IL-6 reporter cells. Protein binding kinetics to living cells was measured by LigandTracer, cell proliferation and toxicity by iCELLigence and Incucyte, cell migration by the scratch wound healing assay, and prediction of binding poses using molecular modeling by docking. RESULTS We demonstrated a collection of protein variants called NEF ligands, selected from an albumin-binding domain scaffold-derived combinatorial library, and showed their binding specificity to human IL-6Rα and antagonistic effect in HEK-Blue IL-6 reporter cells. The three most promising NEF108, NEF163, and NEF172 variants inhibited cell proliferation of malignant melanoma (G361 and A2058) and pancreatic (PaTu and MiaPaCa) cancer cells, and suppressed migration of malignant melanoma (A2058), pancreatic carcinoma (PaTu), and glioblastoma (GAMG) cells in vitro. The NEF binders also recognized maturation-induced IL-6Rα expression and interfered with IL-6-induced differentiation in primary human B cells. CONCLUSION We report on the generation of small protein blockers of human IL-6Rα using directed evolution. NEF proteins represent a promising class of non-toxic anti-tumor agents with migrastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava Groza
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Lacina
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, Prague 2, 12800, Czech Republic.
- Department of Dermatovenerology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 2, Prague 2, 12000, Czech Republic.
| | - Milan Kuchař
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Leona Rašková Kafková
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Zachová
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Janoušková
- Centre of Nanomaterials and Biotechnologies, University of J. E. Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 3632/15, Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Osička
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Bacterial Pathogens, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague, 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Černý
- Laboratory of Structural Bioinformatics of Proteins, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Petroková
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Joanna Maria Mierzwicka
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Natalya Panova
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kosztyu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Sloupenská
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malý
- Centre of Nanomaterials and Biotechnologies, University of J. E. Purkyně in Ústí nad Labem, Pasteurova 3632/15, Ústí nad Labem, 400 96, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Škarda
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Raška
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Hněvotínská 3, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Smetana
- Institute of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, U Nemocnice 3, Prague 2, 12800, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Malý
- Laboratory of Ligand Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV Research Center, Prumyslova 595, Vestec, 252 50, Czech Republic.
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6
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Guo L, Li C, Gong W. Toward reproducible tumor organoid culture: focusing on primary liver cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1290504. [PMID: 38571961 PMCID: PMC10987700 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1290504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids present substantial potential for pushing forward preclinical research and personalized medicine by accurately recapitulating tissue and tumor heterogeneity in vitro. However, the lack of standardized protocols for cancer organoid culture has hindered reproducibility. This paper comprehensively reviews the current challenges associated with cancer organoid culture and highlights recent multidisciplinary advancements in the field with a specific focus on standardizing liver cancer organoid culture. We discuss the non-standardized aspects, including tissue sources, processing techniques, medium formulations, and matrix materials, that contribute to technical variability. Furthermore, we emphasize the need to establish reproducible platforms that accurately preserve the genetic, proteomic, morphological, and pharmacotypic features of the parent tumor. At the end of each section, our focus shifts to organoid culture standardization in primary liver cancer. By addressing these challenges, we can enhance the reproducibility and clinical translation of cancer organoid systems, enabling their potential applications in precision medicine, drug screening, and preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Weiqiang Gong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Weifang People’s Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
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7
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Vidal MS, Richardson LS, Kumar Kammala A, Kim S, Lam PY, Cherukuri R, Thomas TJ, Bettayeb M, Han A, Rusyn I, Menon R. Endocrine-disrupting compounds and their impact on human placental function: evidence from placenta organ-on-chip studies. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1727-1749. [PMID: 38334486 PMCID: PMC10998263 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00998j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) on the placenta, a critical gestational organ for xenobiotic protection, are well reported; however, models to determine the role of EDCs in placental disruption are limited. An advanced 2nd-trimester human placenta organ-on-chip model (2TPLA-OOC) was developed and validated, with six representative cells of the maternal and the fetal interface interconnected with microchannels. Various EDCs (150 ng mL-1 each of bisphenol A, bisphenol S, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers-47 and -99) were gradually propagated across the chip for 72 hours, and their various effects were determined. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE), an environmental risk factor, was used as a positive control. EDCs produced overall oxidative stress in the placental/decidual cells, induced cell-specific endocrine effects, caused limited (<10%) apoptosis/necrosis in trophoblasts and mesenchymal cells, induced localized inflammation but an overall anti-inflammatory shift, did not change immune cell migration from stroma to decidua, and did not affect placental nutrient transport. Overall, (1) the humanized 2TPLA-OOC recreated the placental organ and generated data distinct from the trophoblast and other cells studied in isolation, and (2) at doses associated with adverse pregnancies, EDCs produced limited and localized insults, and the whole organ compensated for the exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel S Vidal
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Lauren S Richardson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Ananth Kumar Kammala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Po Yi Lam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rahul Cherukuri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Tilu Jain Thomas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Mohammed Bettayeb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas, USA.
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8
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Yang N, Hellevik T, Berzaghi R, Martinez‐Zubiaurre I. Radiation-induced effects on TGF-β and PDGF receptor signaling in cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2018. [PMID: 38488488 PMCID: PMC10941573 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) consist of heterogeneous connective tissue cells and are often constituting the most abundant cell type in the tumor stroma. Radiation effects on tumor stromal components like CAFs in the context of radiation treatment is not well-described. AIM This study explores potential changes induced by ionizing radiation (IR) on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/PDGFRs and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/TGFβRs signaling systems in CAFs. METHODS AND RESULTS Experiments were carried out by employing primary cultures of human CAFs isolated from freshly resected non-small cell lung carcinoma tumor tissues. CAF cultures from nine donors were treated with one high (1 × 18 Gy) or three fractionated (3 × 6 Gy) radiation doses. Alterations in expression levels of TGFβRII and PDGFRα/β induced by IR were analyzed by western blots and flow cytometry. In the presence or absence of cognate ligands, receptor activation was studied in nonirradiated and irradiated CAFs. Radiation exposure did not exert changes in expression of PDGF or TGF-β receptors in CAFs. Additionally, IR alone was unable to trigger activation of either receptor. The radiation regimens tested did not affect PDGFRβ signaling in the presence of PDGF-BB. In contrast, signaling via pSmad2/3 and pSmad1/5/8 appeared to be down-regulated in irradiated CAFs after stimulation with TGF-β, as compared with controls. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that IR by itself is insufficient to induce measurable changes in PDGF or TGF-β receptor expression levels or to induce receptor activation in CAFs. However, in the presence of their respective ligands, exposure to radiation at certain doses appear to interfere with TGF-β receptor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Yang
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Turid Hellevik
- Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity Hospital of North NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Rodrigo Berzaghi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
| | - Inigo Martinez‐Zubiaurre
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health SciencesUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsøNorway
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9
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Yang Z, Guan F, Bronk L, Zhao L. Multi-omics approaches for biomarker discovery in predicting the response of esophageal cancer to neoadjuvant therapy: A multidimensional perspective. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 254:108591. [PMID: 38286161 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by surgery has been established as the standard treatment strategy for operable locally advanced esophageal cancer (EC). However, achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) or near pCR to NCRT is significantly associated with a considerable improvement in survival outcomes, while pCR patients may help organ preservation for patients by active surveillance to avoid planned surgery. Thus, there is an urgent need for improved biomarkers to predict EC chemoradiation response in research and clinical settings. Advances in multiple high-throughput technologies such as next-generation sequencing have facilitated the discovery of novel predictive biomarkers, specifically based on multi-omics data, including genomic/transcriptomic sequencings and proteomic/metabolomic mass spectra. The application of multi-omics data has shown the benefits in improving the understanding of underlying mechanisms of NCRT sensitivity/resistance in EC. Particularly, the prominent development of artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced a new direction in cancer research. The integration of multi-omics data has significantly advanced our knowledge of the disease and enabled the identification of valuable biomarkers for predicting treatment response from diverse dimension levels, especially with rapid advances in biotechnological and AI methodologies. Herein, we summarize the current status of research on the use of multi-omics technologies in predicting NCRT response for EC patients. Current limitations, challenges, and future perspectives of these multi-omics platforms will be addressed to assist in experimental designs and clinical use for further integrated analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Fada Guan
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, United States of America
| | - Lawrence Bronk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, United States of America
| | - Lina Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, China.
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10
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Zhu J, Wang Y, Chang WY, Malewska A, Napolitano F, Gahan JC, Unni N, Zhao M, Yuan R, Wu F, Yue L, Guo L, Zhao Z, Chen DZ, Hannan R, Zhang S, Xiao G, Mu P, Hanker AB, Strand D, Arteaga CL, Desai N, Wang X, Xie Y, Wang T. Mapping Cellular Interactions from Spatially Resolved Transcriptomics Data. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.18.558298. [PMID: 37781617 PMCID: PMC10541142 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.18.558298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Cell-cell communication (CCC) is essential to how life forms and functions. However, accurate, high-throughput mapping of how expression of all genes in one cell affects expression of all genes in another cell is made possible only recently, through the introduction of spatially resolved transcriptomics technologies (SRTs), especially those that achieve single cell resolution. However, significant challenges remain to analyze such highly complex data properly. Here, we introduce a Bayesian multi-instance learning framework, spacia, to detect CCCs from data generated by SRTs, by uniquely exploiting their spatial modality. We highlight spacia's power to overcome fundamental limitations of popular analytical tools for inference of CCCs, including losing single-cell resolution, limited to ligand-receptor relationships and prior interaction databases, high false positive rates, and most importantly the lack of consideration of the multiple-sender-to-one-receiver paradigm. We evaluated the fitness of spacia for all three commercialized single cell resolution ST technologies: MERSCOPE/Vizgen, CosMx/Nanostring, and Xenium/10X. Spacia unveiled how endothelial cells, fibroblasts and B cells in the tumor microenvironment contribute to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and lineage plasticity in prostate cancer cells. We deployed spacia in a set of pan-cancer datasets and showed that B cells also participate in PDL1/PD1 signaling in tumors. We demonstrated that a CD8+ T cell/PDL1 effectiveness signature derived from spacia analyses is associated with patient survival and response to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatments in 3,354 patients. We revealed differential spatial interaction patterns between γδ T cells and liver hepatocytes in healthy and cancerous contexts. Overall, spacia represents a notable step in advancing quantitative theories of cellular communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Zhu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yunguan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Woo Yong Chang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Alicia Malewska
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Fabiana Napolitano
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jeffrey C. Gahan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Nisha Unni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Rongqing Yuan
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Fangjiang Wu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lauren Yue
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lei Guo
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Zhuo Zhao
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Danny Z. Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Raquibul Hannan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Guanghua Xiao
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ping Mu
- Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ariella B. Hanker
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Douglas Strand
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Carlos L. Arteaga
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Neil Desai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Xinlei Wang
- Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
- Center for Data Science Research and Education, College of Science, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Yang Xie
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
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11
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Dunbar KJ, Wong KK, Rustgi AK. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Esophageal Cancer. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:687-695. [PMID: 38246591 PMCID: PMC10958110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a heterogenous population, can promote cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, immunosuppression, and therapeutic resistance in solid tumors. These effects are mediated through secretion of cytokines and growth factors, remodeling of the extracellular matrix, and providing metabolic support for cancer cells. The presence of CAFs in esophageal carcinoma are associated with reduced overall survival and increased resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy; thus, identifying therapeutic vulnerabilities of CAFs is a necessity. In esophageal cancer, the mechanisms for CAF recruitment, CAF-mediated promotion of tumorigenesis, metastatic dissemination, and therapeutic resistance have yet to be fully evaluated. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of CAFs in esophageal cancer, namely in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma, as well as in the preneoplastic conditions that predispose to these cancers. Interestingly, there is a discrepancy in our knowledge of CAF biology between esophageal cancer subtypes, with very few studies in esophageal adenocarcinoma, and its precursor lesion Barrett's esophagus, compared with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. We propose that although great strides have been made, certain questions remain to which answers hopefully will emerge to have an impact on biomarker diagnostics and translational therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Dunbar
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kwok K Wong
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Anil K Rustgi
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
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12
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Brooks A, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhao CX. Cancer Metastasis-on-a-Chip for Modeling Metastatic Cascade and Drug Screening. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2302436. [PMID: 38224141 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic chips are valuable tools for studying intricate cellular and cell-microenvironment interactions. Traditional in vitro cancer models lack accuracy in mimicking the complexities of in vivo tumor microenvironment. However, cancer-metastasis-on-a-chip (CMoC) models combine the advantages of 3D cultures and microfluidic technology, serving as powerful platforms for exploring cancer mechanisms and facilitating drug screening. These chips are able to compartmentalize the metastatic cascade, deepening the understanding of its underlying mechanisms. This article provides an overview of current CMoC models, focusing on distinctive models that simulate invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization, and their applications in drug screening. Furthermore, challenges faced by CMoC and microfluidic technologies are discussed, while exploring promising future directions in cancer research. The ongoing development and integration of these models into cancer studies are expected to drive transformative advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Brooks
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Yali Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Jiezhong Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
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13
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Singh S, Singh AP, Mitra R. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Major Co-Conspirators in Tumor Development. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:211. [PMID: 38201638 PMCID: PMC10778099 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical determinant of tumor progression, metastasis, and therapeutic outcomes [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Singh
- Department of International Studies (Global Health), College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Ajay P. Singh
- Cancer Biology Program, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
- Department of Pathology, Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36617, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA
| | - Ranjana Mitra
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Las Vegas, NV 89135, USA
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14
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Amgad M, Hodge JM, Elsebaie MAT, Bodelon C, Puvanesarajah S, Gutman DA, Siziopikou KP, Goldstein JA, Gaudet MM, Teras LR, Cooper LAD. A population-level digital histologic biomarker for enhanced prognosis of invasive breast cancer. Nat Med 2024; 30:85-97. [PMID: 38012314 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with variable survival outcomes. Pathologists grade the microscopic appearance of breast tissue using the Nottingham criteria, which are qualitative and do not account for noncancerous elements within the tumor microenvironment. Here we present the Histomic Prognostic Signature (HiPS), a comprehensive, interpretable scoring of the survival risk incurred by breast tumor microenvironment morphology. HiPS uses deep learning to accurately map cellular and tissue structures to measure epithelial, stromal, immune, and spatial interaction features. It was developed using a population-level cohort from the Cancer Prevention Study-II and validated using data from three independent cohorts, including the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer trial, Cancer Prevention Study-3, and The Cancer Genome Atlas. HiPS consistently outperformed pathologists in predicting survival outcomes, independent of tumor-node-metastasis stage and pertinent variables. This was largely driven by stromal and immune features. In conclusion, HiPS is a robustly validated biomarker to support pathologists and improve patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Amgad
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James M Hodge
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maha A T Elsebaie
- Department of Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Clara Bodelon
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - David A Gutman
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kalliopi P Siziopikou
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffery A Goldstein
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lauren R Teras
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lee A D Cooper
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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15
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Li W, Xu T, Jin H, Li M, Jia Q. Emerging role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155002. [PMID: 38056131 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma is the sixth leading cause of cancer death globally and the majority of global cases are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Difficulty in diagnosis exists as more than 70% of ESCC patients are diagnosed at the intermediate or advanced stage. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been considered one of the crucial components in the process of tumor growth, promoting communications between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). CAFs grow alongside malignancies dynamically and interact with ESCC cells to promote their progression, proliferation, invasion, tumor escape, chemo- and radio-resistance, etc. It is believed that CAFs qualify as a promising direction for treatment. Analyzing CAFs' subtypes and functions will elucidate the involvement of CAFs in ESCC and aid in therapeutics. This review summarizes current information on CAFs in ESCC and focuses on the latest interaction between CAFs and ESCC cancer cell discoveries. The origin of CAFs and their communication with ESCC cells and TME are also demonstrated. On the foundation of a thorough analysis, we highlight the clinical prospects and CAFs-related therapies in ESCC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Qingge Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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16
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Xie C, Chen X, Chen Y, Wang X, Zuo J, Zheng A, Luo Z, Cheng X, Zhong S, Jiang J, Du J, Zhao Y, Jiang P, Zhang W, Chen D, Pan H, Shen L, Zhu B, Zhou Q, Xu Y, Tang KF. Mutual communication between radiosensitive and radioresistant esophageal cancer cells modulates their radiosensitivity. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:846. [PMID: 38114473 PMCID: PMC10730729 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an important treatment modality for patients with esophageal cancer; however, the response to radiation varies among different tumor subpopulations due to tumor heterogeneity. Cancer cells that survive radiotherapy (i.e., radioresistant) may proliferate, ultimately resulting in cancer relapse. However, the interaction between radiosensitive and radioresistant cancer cells remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that the mutual communication between radiosensitive and radioresistant esophageal cancer cells modulated their radiosensitivity. Radiosensitive cells secreted more exosomal let-7a and less interleukin-6 (IL-6) than radioresistant cells. Exosomal let-7a secreted by radiosensitive cells increased the radiosensitivity of radioresistant cells, whereas IL-6 secreted by radioresistant cells decreased the radiosensitivity of radiosensitive cells. Although the serum levels of let-7a and IL-6 before radiotherapy did not vary significantly between patients with radioresistant and radiosensitive diseases, radiotherapy induced a more pronounced decrease in serum let-7a levels and a greater increase in serum IL-6 levels in patients with radioresistant cancer compared to those with radiosensitive cancer. The percentage decrease in serum let-7a and the percentage increase in serum IL-6 levels at the early stage of radiotherapy were inversely associated with tumor regression after radiotherapy. Our findings suggest that early changes in serum let-7a and IL-6 levels may be used as a biomarker to predict the response to radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer and provide new insights into subsequent treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congying Xie
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Wenzhou key Laboratory of basic science and translational research of radiation oncology, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310009, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yueming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jiwei Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Anqi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhicheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Shouhui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jiayu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jizao Du
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuemei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Peipei Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Didi Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Huanle Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Lanxiao Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325015, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Baoling Zhu
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Wenzhou key Laboratory of basic science and translational research of radiation oncology, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qingyu Zhou
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Wenzhou key Laboratory of basic science and translational research of radiation oncology, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 518107, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Kai-Fu Tang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Innovation and Application of Intelligent Radiotherapy Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, Chongqing, P. R. China.
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17
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Li S, Hoefnagel SJM, Krishnadath KK. Molecular Biology and Clinical Management of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5410. [PMID: 38001670 PMCID: PMC10670638 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a highly lethal malignancy. Due to its rising incidence, EAC has become a severe health challenge in Western countries. Current treatment strategies are mainly chosen based on disease stage and clinical features, whereas the biological background is hardly considered. In this study, we performed a comprehensive review of existing studies and discussed how etiology, genetics and epigenetic characteristics, together with the tumor microenvironment, contribute to the malignant behavior and dismal prognosis of EAC. During the development of EAC, several intestinal-type proteins and signaling cascades are induced. The anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironment is associated with poor survival. The accumulation of somatic mutations at the early phase and chromosomal structural rearrangements at relatively later time points contribute to the dynamic and heterogeneous genetic landscape of EAC. EAC is also characterized by frequent DNA methylation and dysregulation of microRNAs. We summarize the findings of dysregulations of specific cytokines, chemokines and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and conclude that DNA methylation and microRNAs vary with each different phase of BE, LGD, HGD, early EAC and invasive EAC. Furthermore, we discuss the suitability of the currently employed therapies in the clinic and possible new therapies in the future. The development of targeted and immune therapies has been hampered by the heterogeneous genetic characteristics of EAC. In view of this, the up-to-date knowledge revealed by this work is absolutely important for future EAC studies and the discovery of new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Li
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kausilia Krishnawatie Krishnadath
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
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18
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Kenny FN, Marcotti S, De Freitas DB, Drudi EM, Leech V, Bell RE, Easton J, Díaz-de-la-Loza MDC, Fleck R, Allison L, Philippeos C, Manhart A, Shaw TJ, Stramer BM. Autocrine IL-6 drives cell and extracellular matrix anisotropy in scar fibroblasts. Matrix Biol 2023; 123:1-16. [PMID: 37660739 PMCID: PMC10878985 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is associated with dramatic changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture of unknown etiology. Here we exploit keloid scars as a paradigm to understand fibrotic ECM organization. We reveal that keloid patient fibroblasts uniquely produce a globally aligned ECM network in 2-D culture as observed in scar tissue. ECM anisotropy develops after rapid initiation of a fibroblast supracellular actin network, suggesting that cell alignment initiates ECM patterning. Keloid fibroblasts produce elevated levels of IL-6, and autocrine IL-6 production is both necessary and sufficient to induce cell and ECM alignment, as evidenced by ligand stimulation of normal dermal fibroblasts and treatment of keloid fibroblasts with the function blocking IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody, tocilizumab. Downstream of IL-6, supracellular organization of keloid fibroblasts is controlled by activation of cell-cell adhesion. Adhesion formation inhibits contact-induced cellular overlap leading to nematic organization of cells and an alignment of focal adhesions. Keloid fibroblasts placed on isotropic ECM align the pre-existing matrix, suggesting that focal adhesion alignment leads to active anisotropic remodeling. These results show that IL-6-induced fibroblast cooperativity can control the development of a nematic ECM, highlighting both IL-6 signaling and cell-cell adhesions as potential therapeutic targets to inhibit this common feature of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona N Kenny
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stefania Marcotti
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Elena M Drudi
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Vivienne Leech
- Department of Mathematics, University College London, UK
| | - Rachel E Bell
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Easton
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Roland Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King's College London, UK
| | - Leanne Allison
- Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King's College London, UK
| | - Christina Philippeos
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Angelika Manhart
- Department of Mathematics, University College London, UK; Faculty of Mathematics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tanya J Shaw
- Centre for Inflammation Biology & Cancer Immunology, Department of Inflammation Biology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Brian M Stramer
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK.
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19
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Di Carlo SE, Raffenne J, Varet H, Ode A, Granados DC, Stein M, Legendre R, Tuckermann J, Bousquet C, Peduto L. Depletion of slow-cycling PDGFRα +ADAM12 + mesenchymal cells promotes antitumor immunity by restricting macrophage efferocytosis. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1867-1878. [PMID: 37798557 PMCID: PMC10602852 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to survive and thrive in conditions of limited resources and high inflammation is a major driver of tumor malignancy. Here we identified slow-cycling ADAM12+PDGFRα+ mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) induced at the tumor margins in mouse models of melanoma, pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer. Using inducible lineage tracing and transcriptomics, we demonstrated that metabolically altered ADAM12+ MSCs induced pathological angiogenesis and immunosuppression by promoting macrophage efferocytosis and polarization through overexpression of genes such as Gas6, Lgals3 and Csf1. Genetic depletion of ADAM12+ cells restored a functional tumor vasculature, reduced hypoxia and acidosis and normalized CAFs, inducing infiltration of effector T cells and growth inhibition of melanomas and pancreatic neuroendocrine cancer, in a process dependent on TGF-β. In human cancer, ADAM12 stratifies patients with high levels of hypoxia and innate resistance mechanisms, as well as factors associated with a poor prognosis and drug resistance such as AXL. Altogether, our data show that depletion of tumor-induced slow-cycling PDGFRα+ MSCs through ADAM12 restores antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene E Di Carlo
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - Jerome Raffenne
- INSERM U1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
| | - Hugo Varet
- Transcriptome and Epigenome Platform-Biomics Pole, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anais Ode
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
| | - David Cabrerizo Granados
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France
- Laboratory for Disease Mechanisms in Cancer, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Merle Stein
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rachel Legendre
- Transcriptome and Epigenome Platform-Biomics Pole, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jan Tuckermann
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Corinne Bousquet
- INSERM U1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Toulouse, France
| | - Lucie Peduto
- Stroma, Inflammation & Tissue Repair Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1224, Paris, France.
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20
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Chen W, Park JI. Tumor Cell Resistance to the Inhibition of BRAF and MEK1/2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14837. [PMID: 37834284 PMCID: PMC10573597 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BRAF is one of the most frequently mutated oncogenes, with an overall frequency of about 50%. Targeting BRAF and its effector mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) is now a key therapeutic strategy for BRAF-mutant tumors, and therapies based on dual BRAF/MEK inhibition showed significant efficacy in a broad spectrum of BRAF tumors. Nonetheless, BRAF/MEK inhibition therapy is not always effective for BRAF tumor suppression, and significant challenges remain to improve its clinical outcomes. First, certain BRAF tumors have an intrinsic ability to rapidly adapt to the presence of BRAF and MEK1/2 inhibitors by bypassing drug effects via rewired signaling, metabolic, and regulatory networks. Second, almost all tumors initially responsive to BRAF and MEK1/2 inhibitors eventually acquire therapy resistance via an additional genetic or epigenetic alteration(s). Overcoming these challenges requires identifying the molecular mechanism underlying tumor cell resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors and analyzing their specificity in different BRAF tumors. This review aims to update this information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jong-In Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
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21
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Kumar B, Khatpe AS, Guanglong J, Batic K, Bhat-Nakshatri P, Granatir MM, Addison RJ, Szymanski M, Baldridge LA, Temm CJ, Sandusky G, Althouse SK, Cote ML, Miller KD, Storniolo AM, Nakshatri H. Stromal heterogeneity may explain increased incidence of metaplastic breast cancer in women of African descent. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5683. [PMID: 37709737 PMCID: PMC10502140 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The biologic basis of genetic ancestry-dependent variability in disease incidence and outcome is just beginning to be explored. We recently reported enrichment of a population of ZEB1-expressing cells located adjacent to ductal epithelial cells in normal breasts of women of African ancestry compared to those of European ancestry. In this study, we demonstrate that these cells have properties of fibroadipogenic/mesenchymal stromal cells that express PROCR and PDGFRα and transdifferentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. PROCR + /ZEB1 + /PDGFRα+ (PZP) cells are enriched in normal breast tissues of women of African compared to European ancestry. PZP: epithelial cell communication results in luminal epithelial cells acquiring basal cell characteristics and IL-6-dependent increase in STAT3 phosphorylation. Furthermore, level of phospho-STAT3 is higher in normal and cancerous breast tissues of women of African ancestry. PZP cells transformed with HRasG12V ± SV40-T/t antigens generate metaplastic carcinoma suggesting that these cells are one of the cells-of-origin of metaplastic breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Aditi S Khatpe
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jiang Guanglong
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Katie Batic
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | | | - Maggie M Granatir
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Rebekah Joann Addison
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Megan Szymanski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Lee Ann Baldridge
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Constance J Temm
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - George Sandusky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sandra K Althouse
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Michele L Cote
- Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kathy D Miller
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Anna Maria Storniolo
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- VA Roudebush Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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22
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Zhao DK, Liang J, Huang XY, Shen S, Wang J. Organoids technology for advancing the clinical translation of cancer nanomedicine. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1892. [PMID: 37088100 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed the rapid development and widespread application of nanomedicines in cancer treatment; however, the clinical translation of experimental findings has been low, as evidenced by the low percentage of commercialized nanomedicines. Incomplete understanding of nanomedicine-tumor interactions and inappropriate evaluation models are two important challenges limiting the clinical translation of cancer nanomedicines. Currently, nanomedicine-tumor interaction and therapeutic effects are mainly investigated using cell lines or mouse models, which do not recapitulate the complex tumor microenvironment in human patients. Thus, information obtained from cell lines and mouse models cannot provide adequate guidance for the rational redesign of nanomedicine. Compared with other preclinical models, tumor organoids constructed from patient-derived tumor tissues are superior in retaining the key histopathological, genetic, and phenotypic features of the parent tumor. We speculate that organoid technology would help elucidate nanomedicine-tumor interaction in the tumor microenvironment and guide the design of nanomedicine, making it a reliable tool to accurately predict drug responses in patients with cancer. This review highlighted the advantages of drug delivery systems in cancer treatment, challenges limiting the clinical translation of antitumor nanomedicines, and potential application of patient-derived organoids (PDO) in nanomedicine. We propose that combining organoids and nanotechnology would facilitate the development of safe and effective cancer nanomedicines and accelerate their clinical application. This review discussed the potential translational value of integrative research using organoids and cancer nanomedicine. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kun Zhao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Song Shen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, and Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Fang Z, Li P, Du F, Shang L, Li L. The role of organoids in cancer research. Exp Hematol Oncol 2023; 12:69. [PMID: 37537666 PMCID: PMC10401879 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-023-00433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are established through in vitro 3D culture, and they can mimic the structure and physiological functions of organs or tissues in vivo. Organoids have attracted much attention in recent years. They can provide a reliable technology platform for cancer research and treatment and are a valuable preclinical model for academic research and personalized medicine. A number of studies have confirmed that organoids have great application prospects in new drug development, drug screening, tumour mechanism research, and precision medicine. In this review, we mainly focus on recent advances in the application of organoids in cancer research. We also discussed the opportunities and challenges facing organoids, hoping to indicate directions for the development of organoids in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jingwuweiqi street, 324, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Digestive Tumour Translational Medicine, Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Peijuan Li
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Fengying Du
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jingwuweiqi street, 324, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Department of Digestive Tumour Translational Medicine, Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
| | - Liang Shang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jingwuweiqi street, 324, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Digestive Tumour Translational Medicine, Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
| | - Leping Li
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jingwuweiqi street, 324, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Department of Digestive Tumour Translational Medicine, Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
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24
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Liu H, Wang X. Esophageal organoids: applications and future prospects. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:931-945. [PMID: 37380866 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Organoids have been developed in the last decade as a new research tool to simulate organ cell biology and disease. Compared to traditional 2D cell lines and animal models, experimental data based on esophageal organoids are more reliable. In recent years, esophageal organoids derived from multiple cell sources have been established, and relatively mature culture protocols have been developed. Esophageal inflammation and cancer are two directions of esophageal organoid modeling, and organoid models of esophageal adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and eosinophilic esophagitis have been established. The properties of esophageal organoids, which mimic the real esophagus, contribute to research in drug screening and regenerative medicine. The combination of organoids with other technologies, such as organ chips and xenografts, can complement the deficiencies of organoids and create entirely new research models that are more advantageous for cancer research. In this review, we will summarize the development of tumor and non-tumor esophageal organoids, the current application of esophageal organoids in disease modeling, regenerative medicine, and drug screening. We will also discuss the future prospects of esophageal organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Liu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xianli Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Public Health, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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25
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Shiau C, Cao J, Gregory MT, Gong D, Yin X, Cho JW, Wang PL, Su J, Wang S, Reeves JW, Kim TK, Kim Y, Guo JA, Lester NA, Schurman N, Barth JL, Weissleder R, Jacks T, Qadan M, Hong TS, Wo JY, Roberts H, Beechem JM, Castillo CFD, Mino-Kenudson M, Ting DT, Hemberg M, Hwang WL. Therapy-associated remodeling of pancreatic cancer revealed by single-cell spatial transcriptomics and optimal transport analysis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.28.546848. [PMID: 37425692 PMCID: PMC10327107 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.28.546848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
In combination with cell intrinsic properties, interactions in the tumor microenvironment modulate therapeutic response. We leveraged high-plex single-cell spatial transcriptomics to dissect the remodeling of multicellular neighborhoods and cell-cell interactions in human pancreatic cancer associated with specific malignant subtypes and neoadjuvant chemotherapy/radiotherapy. We developed Spatially Constrained Optimal Transport Interaction Analysis (SCOTIA), an optimal transport model with a cost function that includes both spatial distance and ligand-receptor gene expression. Our results uncovered a marked change in ligand-receptor interactions between cancer-associated fibroblasts and malignant cells in response to treatment, which was supported by orthogonal datasets, including an ex vivo tumoroid co-culture system. Overall, this study demonstrates that characterization of the tumor microenvironment using high-plex single-cell spatial transcriptomics allows for identification of molecular interactions that may play a role in the emergence of chemoresistance and establishes a translational spatial biology paradigm that can be broadly applied to other malignancies, diseases, and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Shiau
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jingyi Cao
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Dennis Gong
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xunqin Yin
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jae-Won Cho
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter L Wang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Su
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven Wang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jimmy A Guo
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicole A Lester
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Jamie L Barth
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tyler Jacks
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Motaz Qadan
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theodore S Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Wo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Roberts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T Ting
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martin Hemberg
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William L Hwang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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26
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Truong NV, Phan TTT, Hsu TS, Phu Duc P, Lin LY, Wu WG. Action mechanism of snake venom l-amino acid oxidase and its double-edged sword effect on cancer treatment: Role of pannexin 1-mediated interleukin-6 expression. Redox Biol 2023; 64:102791. [PMID: 37385076 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Snake venom l-amino acid oxidases (svLAAOs) have been recognized as promising candidates for anticancer therapeutics. However, multiple aspects of their catalytic mechanism and the overall responses of cancer cells to these redox enzymes remain ambiguous. Here, we present an analysis of the phylogenetic relationships and active site-related residues among svLAAOs and reveal that the previously proposed critical catalytic residue His 223 is highly conserved in the viperid but not the elapid svLAAO clade. To gain further insight into the action mechanism of the elapid svLAAOs, we purify and characterize the structural, biochemical, and anticancer therapeutic potentials of the Thailand elapid snake Naja kaouthia LAAO (NK-LAAO). We find that NK-LAAO, with Ser 223, exhibits high catalytic activity toward hydrophobic l-amino acid substrates. Moreover, NK-LAAO induces substantial oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity with the magnitude relying on both the levels of extracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during the enzymatic redox reactions, but not being influenced by the N-linked glycans on its surface. Unexpectedly, we discover a tolerant mechanism deployed by cancer cells to dampen the anticancer activities of NK-LAAO. NK-LAAO treatment amplifies interleukin (IL)-6 expression via the pannexin 1 (Panx1)-directed intracellular calcium (iCa2+) signaling pathway to confer adaptive and aggressive phenotypes on cancer cells. Accordingly, IL-6 silencing renders cancer cells vulnerable to NK-LAAO-induced oxidative stress together with abrogating NK-LAAO-stimulated metastatic acquisition. Collectively, our study urges caution when using svLAAOs in cancer treatment and identifies the Panx1/iCa2+/IL-6 axis as a therapeutic target for improving the effectiveness of svLAAOs-based anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam V Truong
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Trinh T T Phan
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Sheng Hsu
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Phan Phu Duc
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Lih-Yuan Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Wen-Guey Wu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, College of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan, ROC.
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Martinez-Zubiaurre I, Hellevik T. Cancer-associated fibroblasts in radiotherapy: Bystanders or protagonists? Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:108. [PMID: 37170098 PMCID: PMC10173661 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary goal of radiotherapy (RT) is to induce cellular damage on malignant cells; however, it is becoming increasingly recognized the important role played by the tumor microenvironment (TME) in therapy outcomes. Therapeutic irradiation of tumor lesions provokes profound cellular and biological reconfigurations within the TME that ultimately may influence the fate of the therapy. MAIN CONTENT Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are known to participate in all stages of cancer progression and are increasingly acknowledged to contribute to therapy resistance. Accumulated evidence suggests that, upon radiation, fibroblasts/CAFs avoid cell death but instead enter a permanent senescent state, which in turn may influence the behavior of tumor cells and other components of the TME. Despite the proposed participation of senescent fibroblasts on tumor radioprotection, it is still incompletely understood the impact that RT has on CAFs and the ultimate role that irradiated CAFs have on therapy outcomes. Some of the current controversies may emerge from generalizing observations obtained using normal fibroblasts and CAFs, which are different cell entities that may respond differently to radiation exposure. CONCLUSION In this review we present current knowledge on the field of CAFs role in radiotherapy; we discuss the potential tumorigenic functions of radiation-induced senescent fibroblasts and CAFs and we make an effort to integrate the knowledge emerging from preclinical experimentation with observations from the clinics. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inigo Martinez-Zubiaurre
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Postbox 6050, 9037, Langnes, Tromsö, Norway.
| | - Turid Hellevik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of North Norway, Postbox 100, 9038, Tromsö, Norway
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28
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Hang Y, Liu Y, Teng Z, Cao X, Zhu H. Mesoporous nanodrug delivery system: a powerful tool for a new paradigm of remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:101. [PMID: 36945005 PMCID: PMC10029196 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in tumor progression, metastasis and therapy resistance. Remodeling the TME has recently been deemed an attractive tumor therapeutic strategy. Due to its complexity and heterogeneity, remodeling the TME still faces great challenges. With the great advantage of drug loading ability, tumor accumulation, multifactor controllability, and persistent guest molecule release ability, mesoporous nanodrug delivery systems (MNDDSs) have been widely used as effective antitumor drug delivery tools as well as remolding TME. This review summarizes the components and characteristics of the TME, as well as the crosstalk between the TME and cancer cells and focuses on the important role of drug delivery strategies based on MNDDSs in targeted remodeling TME metabolic and synergistic anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhui Hang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Imaging, The First People's Hospital of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaogang Teng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiongfeng Cao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Kennel KB, Bozlar M, De Valk AF, Greten FR. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Inflammation and Antitumor Immunity. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:1009-1016. [PMID: 36399325 PMCID: PMC10011884 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated inflammation (TAI) is a feature of essentially all cancers and can confer both tumor-promoting and -suppressive functions. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) comprise one very heterogeneous cellular component of the tumor microenvironment characterized by a high degree of plasticity. Recent single-cell sequencing analyses revealed distinct CAF populations in various human cancers and helped to define key CAF subtypes, such as myofibroblastic, inflammatory, and antigen-presenting CAFs, with the first two being present in virtually all tumors. Importantly, these three CAF populations are involved in and modulate the positive and negative consequences of TAI. The remarkable plasticity of CAFs allows them to shift phenotypically and functionally in response to environmental changes. In this review, we describe how CAFs nurture tumor-promoting inflammation and suppress adaptive immunity. We also summarize the recently emerging evidence pertaining to tumor-suppressive CAF functions in the context of TAI. Finally, we summarize therapeutic concepts that aim at modulating CAF functions or depleting immunosuppressive CAFs to synergize with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian B Kennel
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Müge Bozlar
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Adalbert F De Valk
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Florian R Greten
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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30
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Shimshoni E, Merry G, Milot Z, Oh C, Horvath V, Gould R, Caruso J, Chen-Tanyolac C, Gascard P, Sangwan V, Bérubé J, Bailey S, Hall S, Stachler M, Ferri L, Tlsty T, Ingber D. Epithelial-Stromal Interactions in Barrett's Esophagus Modeled in Human Organ Chips. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2023; 2:676-680. [PMID: 39129866 PMCID: PMC11308040 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Shimshoni
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - G.E. Merry
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Z.D. Milot
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - C.Y. Oh
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - V. Horvath
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - R.A. Gould
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - J.A. Caruso
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - C. Chen-Tanyolac
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - P. Gascard
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - V. Sangwan
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J. Bérubé
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S.D. Bailey
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - S. Hall
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - M.D. Stachler
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - L. Ferri
- McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - T.D. Tlsty
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - D.E. Ingber
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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31
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts induce growth and radioresistance of breast cancer cells through paracrine IL-6. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:6. [PMID: 36635302 PMCID: PMC9837084 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01306-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In breast cancer, the most numerous stromal cells are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which are associated with disease progression and chemoresistance. However, few studies have explored the function of CAFs in breast cancer cell radiosensitivity. Here, CAF-derived conditioned media was observed to induce breast cancer cell growth and radioresistance. CAFs secrete interleukin 6 (IL-6) which activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway, thus promoting the growth and radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Treatment with an inhibitor of STAT3 or an IL-6 neutralizing antibody blocked the growth and radioresistance induced by CAFs. In in vivo mouse models, tocilizumab (an IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibody) abrogated CAF-induced growth and radioresistance. Moreover, in breast cancer, a poor response to radiotherapy was associated with IL-6 and p-STAT3 expression. These results indicated that IL-6 mediates cross-talk between breast cancer cells and CAFs in the tumor microenvironment. Our results identified the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway as an important therapeutic target in breast cancer radiotherapy.
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32
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Ma W, Yan Y, Bai S, Zhou Y, Wang X, Feng Z, Li G, Zhou S, Zhang J, Ren J. SPARC expression in tumor microenvironment induces partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of esophageal adenocarcinoma cells via cooperating with TGF-β signaling. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:250-259. [PMID: 36229930 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been characterized as an oncoprotein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but its involvement in the pathological development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (ESAD) remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the sources of SPARC in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and its functional role in ESAD. Bioinformatic analysis was conducted using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-esophageal cancer (ESCA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx). ESAD tumor cell line OE33 and OE19 cells were used as in vitro cell models. Results showed that SPARC upregulation was associated with unfavorable disease-specific survival (DSS) in ESAD. ESAD tumor cells (OE33 and OE19) had no detectable SPARC protein expression. In contrast, IHC staining in ESAD tumor tissues suggested that peritumoral stromal cells (tumor-associated fibroblasts and macrophages) were the dominant SPARC source in TME. Exogenous SPARC induced partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of ESAD cells, reflected by reduced CDH1 and elevated ZEB1/VIM expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Besides, exogenous SPARC enhanced tumor cell invasion. When TGFBR2 expression was inhibited, the activation of TGF-β signaling induced by exogenous SPARC was impaired. However, the activating effects were rescued by overexpressing mutant TGFBR2 resistant to the shRNA sequence. Copresence of exogenous SPARC and TGF-β1 induced higher expression of mesenchymal markers and enhanced the invading capability of ESAD cells than TGF-β1 alone. In conclusion, this study suggests a potential cross-talk between ESAD tumor stromal cells and cancer cells via a SPARC-TGF-β1 paracrine network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanli Yan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuheng Bai
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhaode Feng
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangzu Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuling Zhou
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiangzhou Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Ren
- Department of Radiotherapy, Oncology Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Arai J, Otoyama Y, Nozawa H, Kato N, Yoshida H. The immunological role of ADAMs in the field of gastroenterological chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers: a review. Oncogene 2023; 42:549-558. [PMID: 36572816 PMCID: PMC9937921 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases cleave transmembrane proteins that play critical roles in inflammation and cancers. Metalloproteinases include a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM), which we previously examined using a fluorescence assay system, and described their association with resistance to systemic therapy in cancer patients. There are also many reports on the relation between ADAM expression and the prognosis of patients with gastroenterological chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers. Inhibiting their immunomodulating activity in chronic inflammation restores innate immunity and potentially prevents the development of various cancers. Among the numerous critical immune system-related molecules, we focus on major histocompatibility complex class I polypeptide-related sequence A (MICA), MICB, intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, TNF-α, IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), and Notch. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of ADAMs in gastroenterological diseases with regard to the immune system. Several Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved inhibitors of ADAMs have been identified, and potential therapies for targeting ADAMs in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers are discussed. Some ongoing clinical trials for cancers targeting ADAMs are also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yumi Otoyama
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisako Nozawa
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- grid.136304.30000 0004 0370 1101Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshida
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) originates in the setting of chronic inflammation. Although previous studies have sought to understand the role of inflammatory signaling in EC, the effect of these immunologic changes on patient outcomes remains understudied. This study's objective was to identify relationships between cytokine levels and prognosis in a mixed cohort of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. STUDY DESIGN A total of 37 serum cytokines were profiled at the time of resection using multiplex ELISA in 47 patients (42 esophageal adenocarcinoma, 5 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma). Cytokine levels were median-binarized and assessed using Cox regression models. Findings were validated at the RNA level using The Cancer Genome Atlas EC cohort (81 esophageal adenocarcinoma, 81 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma). RESULTS Univariable analysis revealed high serum interleukin 4 (IL4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) were negatively associated with overall survival (p = 0.046, p = 0.040). Multivariable analysis determined both high serum IL4 or high serum GMCSF were negatively associated with survival independent of important clinical factors (hazard ratio [HR] 7.55, p < 0.001; HR 5.24, p = 0.001). These findings were validated at the RNA level in The Cancer Genome Atlas EC cohort, where multivariable analysis identified high IL4 expression, high CSF2 expression (encodes GMCSF), and advanced pathologic stage as independent negative predictors of survival when controlled for clinical factors (HR 2.35, p = 0.012; HR 1.97, p = 0.040). CONCLUSIONS These results show that high IL4/GMCSF levels are negatively associated with survival in EC. These relationships are independent of pathologic stage and are identified across modalities, histologic subtypes, and the presence/absence of neoadjuvant therapy.
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Manduca N, Maccafeo E, De Maria R, Sistigu A, Musella M. 3D cancer models: One step closer to in vitro human studies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1175503. [PMID: 37114038 PMCID: PMC10126361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is the great breakthrough in cancer treatment as it displayed prolonged progression-free survival over conventional therapies, yet, to date, in only a minority of patients. In order to broad cancer immunotherapy clinical applicability some roadblocks need to be overcome, first among all the lack of preclinical models that faithfully depict the local tumor microenvironment (TME), which is known to dramatically affect disease onset, progression and response to therapy. In this review, we provide the reader with a detailed overview of current 3D models developed to mimick the complexity and the dynamics of the TME, with a focus on understanding why the TME is a major target in anticancer therapy. We highlight the advantages and translational potentials of tumor spheroids, organoids and immune Tumor-on-a-Chip models in disease modeling and therapeutic response, while outlining pending challenges and limitations. Thinking forward, we focus on the possibility to integrate the know-hows of micro-engineers, cancer immunologists, pharmaceutical researchers and bioinformaticians to meet the needs of cancer researchers and clinicians interested in using these platforms with high fidelity for patient-tailored disease modeling and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Manduca
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ester Maccafeo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Ruggero De Maria
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario ‘A. Gemelli’ - Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Sistigu
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Martina Musella, ; ; Antonella Sistigu, ;
| | - Martina Musella
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Martina Musella, ; ; Antonella Sistigu, ;
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Extracellular Vesicles from Carcinoma-associated Fibroblasts Promote EMT of Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Via IL-6. Arch Med Res 2023; 54:27-36. [PMID: 36543625 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a pivotal role in cancer progression. Salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) has a high tendency to invade and metastasize. Understanding how CAFs interact with SACC cells is essential for developing new targeted therapies for SACC. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in intercellular communication. However, the role of CAFs-derived EVs in SACC invasion remains poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY To show that CAFs EVs are involved in the EMT of SACC and promote tumor invasion. METHODS CAFs-derived EVs were characterized by western blot and transmission electron microscopy. Wound healing and transwell assay were performed for assessing biological foundation of CAFs-EVs for tumor cells. RNA interference transfection, western blot, wound healing and transwell assay were applied to study the effect of IL6 from CAFs-EVs on SACC cells and the mechanism. A subcutaneous xenograft model was used to evaluate the EMT of SACC induced by CAFs in vivo. RESULTS In this study, we show that CAFs EVs promote the migration and invasion of SACC cells. The expression of biomarkers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was higher in SACC cells treated with CAFs EVs than in the negative controls, and high levels of IL6 were detected in CAFs and their EVs. Knockdown of IL6 in CAFs decreased tissue invasiveness and EMT biomarker expression in SACC cells induced by CAFs EVs. CAFs EV-associated IL6 promoted SACC EMT by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION CAFs-derived EVs carry IL6 to improve EMT of SACC by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Wang B, Liu W, Liu C, Du K, Guo Z, Zhang G, Huang Z, Lin S, Cen B, Tian Y, Yuan Y, Bu J. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote Radioresistance of Breast Cancer Cells via the HGF/c-Met Signaling Pathway. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022:S0360-3016(22)03679-3. [PMID: 36586496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an integral part of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is involved in therapy resistance. This study aimed to investigate the role of CAFs in radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells. METHODS AND MATERIALS The CAFs were isolated from the breast cancer tissues, and the conditioned medium was collected to culture breast cancer cells. Radiation-induced DNA damage was evaluated by immunofluorescence and western blotting. Cytokine array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to analyze the secretion of cytokines and growth factors. An in vitro clonogenic survival assay and in vivo xenograft mouse model were performed to determine the radiosensitivity of breast cancer cells. Finally, the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and c-Met in the breast cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The CAFs were found to secrete HGF to activate the c-Met signaling pathway, which induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, growth, and radioresistance of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, radiation was observed to enhance HGF secretion by CAFs and increase c-Met expression in breast cancer cells, which led to HGF/c-Met signaling pathway activation. Moreover, radiation-induced tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) secretion by breast cancer cells promoted CAF proliferation and HGF secretion. Additionally, HGF and c-Met high expression were associated with worse recurrence-free survival in patients with breast cancer who had received radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed that HGF and TNFα are critical for the crosstalk between breast cancer cells and CAFs in the TME and that the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway is a promising therapeutic target for radiosensitizing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chunshan Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kunpeng Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhaoze Guo
- Breast Center, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guoqian Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shuhui Lin
- Department of Oncology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bohong Cen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yunhong Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yawei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Junguo Bu
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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Kitaeva KV, Chulpanova DS, Zhuravleva MN, Filin IY, Deviatiiarov RM, Ballard-Reisch AC, Rizvanov AA, Solovyeva VV. Characteristics and Resistance to Cisplatin of Human Neuroblastoma Cells Co-Cultivated with Immune and Stromal Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:655. [PMID: 36354566 PMCID: PMC9687654 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the features of the morphology and cytokine profiles of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (BM-MSCs), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in double (BM-MSCs + SH-SY5Y cells) and triple (BM-MSCs + SH-SY5Y cells + PBMCs) co-cultures incubated on plastic and Matrigel. Cells in the co-cultures communicated by vesicular transport and by exchanging membrane and cytoplasmic components. The cytokine profile of double and triple co-cultures incubated on Matrigel and plastic had differences and showed the highest concentration of a number of chemokines/cytokines, such as CXCL8/IL-8, I-TAC/CXCL11, IP10/CXCL10, MDC/CCL22, MIP-1α/CCL3, IL-1β, ENA-78/CXCL5, Gro-α/CXCL1, MCP-1/CCL2, TERC/CCL25, CXCL8/IL-8, and IL-6. High concentrations of inflammatory chemokines/cytokines in the conditioned medium of triple co-culture form a chronic inflammation, which brings the presented co-cultivation system closer to a natural tumor. Triple co-cultures were more resistant to cisplatin (CDDP) than the double- and monoculture of SH-SY5Y. The mRNA levels of BCL2, BCL2L1, RAC1, CAV1, CASP3, and BAX genes were changed in cells after co-culturing and CDDP treatment in double and triple co-cultures. The expression of the BCL2, BAX, CAV1, and CASP3 proteins in SH-SY5Y cells after the triple co-culture and CAV1 and BAX protein expression in SH-SY5Y cells after the double co-culture were determined. This study demonstrated the nature of the cellular interactions between components of tumor niche and the intercellular influence on chemoresistance observed in our tumor model, which should enable the development of novel test systems for anti-tumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Valeriya V. Solovyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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39
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Dings MP, van der Zalm AP, Bootsma S, van Maanen TF, Waasdorp C, van den Ende T, Liu D, Bailey P, Koster J, Zwijnenburg DA, Spek CA, Klomp JP, Oubrie A, Hooijer GK, Meijer SL, van Berge Henegouwen MI, Hulshof MC, Bergman J, Oyarce C, Medema JP, van Laarhoven HW, Bijlsma MF. Estrogen-related receptor alpha drives mitochondrial biogenesis and resistance to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in esophageal cancer. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100802. [PMID: 36334593 PMCID: PMC9729822 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) improves outcomes in resectable esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), but acquired resistance precludes long-term efficacy. Here, we delineate these resistance mechanisms. RNA sequencing on matched patient samples obtained pre-and post-neoadjuvant treatment reveal that oxidative phosphorylation was the most upregulated of all biological programs following nCRT. Analysis of patient-derived models confirms that mitochondrial content and oxygen consumption strongly increase in response to nCRT and that ionizing radiation is the causative agent. Bioinformatics identifies estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA) as the transcription factor responsible for reprogramming, and overexpression and silencing of ESRRA functionally confirm that its downstream metabolic rewiring contributes to resistance. Pharmacological inhibition of ESRRA successfully sensitizes EAC organoids and patient-derived xenografts to radiation. In conclusion, we report a profound metabolic rewiring following chemoradiation and demonstrate that its inhibition resensitizes EAC cells to radiation. These findings hold broader relevance for other cancer types treated with radiation as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P.G. Dings
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amber P. van der Zalm
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne Bootsma
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tatum F.J. van Maanen
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cynthia Waasdorp
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom van den Ende
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dajia Liu
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Bailey
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jan Koster
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Danny A. Zwijnenburg
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C. Arnold Spek
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Gerrit K.J. Hooijer
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sybren L. Meijer
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Maarten C. Hulshof
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiotherapy, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jacques Bergman
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cesar Oyarce
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Paul Medema
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hanneke W.M. van Laarhoven
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten F. Bijlsma
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Corresponding author
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40
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Yang H, Karl MN, Wang W, Starich B, Tan H, Kiemen A, Pucsek AB, Kuo YH, Russo GC, Pan T, Jaffee EM, Fertig EJ, Wirtz D, Spangler JB. Engineered bispecific antibodies targeting the interleukin-6 and -8 receptors potently inhibit cancer cell migration and tumor metastasis. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3430-3449. [PMID: 35841152 PMCID: PMC9637575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) signaling diminishes cancer cell migration, and combination therapy has recently been shown to synergistically reduce metastatic burden in a preclinical model of triple-negative breast cancer. Here, we have engineered two novel bispecific antibodies that target the IL-6 and IL-8 receptors to concurrently block the signaling activity of both ligands. We demonstrate that a first-in-class bispecific antibody design has promising therapeutic potential, with enhanced selectivity and potency compared with monoclonal antibody and small-molecule drug combinations in both cellular and animal models of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Mechanistic characterization revealed that our engineered bispecific antibodies have no impact on cell viability, but profoundly reduce the migratory potential of cancer cells; hence they constitute a true anti-metastatic treatment. Moreover, we demonstrate that our antibodies can be readily combined with standard-of-care anti-proliferative drugs to develop effective anti-cancer regimens. Collectively, our work establishes an innovative metastasis-focused direction for cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Michelle N Karl
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Nano Biotechnology (INBT), the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Bartholomew Starich
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Nano Biotechnology (INBT), the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Haotian Tan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Nano Biotechnology (INBT), the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ashley Kiemen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Nano Biotechnology (INBT), the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Alexandra B Pucsek
- Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Yun-Huai Kuo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Gabriella C Russo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Nano Biotechnology (INBT), the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Tim Pan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Nano Biotechnology (INBT), the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Elana J Fertig
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Convergence Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Denis Wirtz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for Nano Biotechnology (INBT), the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Pathology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Jamie B Spangler
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Oncology, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Bloomberg Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
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Fang Y, Chen M, Li G, Yang Y, He P, Chen J, Cheng L, Wu H. Cancer-associated fibroblast-like fibroblasts in vocal fold leukoplakia suppress CD8 +T cell functions by inducing IL-6 autocrine loop and interacting with Th17 cells. Cancer Lett 2022; 546:215839. [PMID: 35961512 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The characteristics of fibroblast cells in head and neck precancerous lesion and its ability to secrete inflammatory cytokines and affect CD8+T cell functions remain unclear. Herein, we reported the existence of fibroblasts in human-derived vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL) with positive staining of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The fibroblasts from VFL and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) displayed similar cellular functions and robust inflammatory cytokine secretions. The effects of fibroblasts from VFL in inducing the apoptosis, depletion of CD8+ T cells and recruitment of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) were observed. We further assessed the autocrine loop within VFL fibroblasts to self-stimulate by secreting IL-6, TGF-β through the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway. The synergistic stimulation of IL-6 and TGF-β promoted Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17A secretion, which could result in fibroblast activation in another positive loop. Tocilizumab (TOC), a monoclonal antibody targeting IL-6R, managed to suppress the overexpression of both IL-6 and TGF-β in VFL fibroblasts, and thus blocking IL-6 autocrine loop and CAF-Th17 loop in vitro. In a murine model of oral leukoplakia (OL), local injection of TOC inhibited the outgrowth of lesions and showed notable effect in control of OL progression in vivo. Our findings establish a novel rationale for blocking the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway to inhibit vocal fold (oral) leukoplakia progression and postpone HNSCC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Min Chen
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Guangfei Li
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yue Yang
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Peijie He
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jian Chen
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Haitao Wu
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Fang P, Zhou J, Liang Z, Yang Y, Luan S, Xiao X, Li X, Zhang H, Shang Q, Zeng X, Yuan Y. Immunotherapy resistance in esophageal cancer: Possible mechanisms and clinical implications. Front Immunol 2022; 13:975986. [PMID: 36119033 PMCID: PMC9478443 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a common malignant gastrointestinal (GI) cancer in adults. Although surgical technology combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has advanced rapidly, patients with EC are often diagnosed at an advanced stage and the five-year survival rate remains unsatisfactory. The poor prognosis and high mortality in patients with EC indicate that effective and validated therapy is of great necessity. Recently, immunotherapy has been successfully used in the clinic as a novel therapy for treating solid tumors, bringing new hope to cancer patients. Several immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, and tumor vaccines, have achieved significant breakthroughs in EC treatment. However, the overall response rate (ORR) of immunotherapy in patients with EC is lower than 30%, and most patients initially treated with immunotherapy are likely to develop acquired resistance (AR) over time. Immunosuppression greatly weakens the durability and efficiency of immunotherapy. Because of the heterogeneity within the immune microenvironment and the highly disparate oncological characteristics in different EC individuals, the exact mechanism of immunotherapy resistance in EC remains elusive. In this review, we provide an overview of immunotherapy resistance in EC, mainly focusing on current immunotherapies and potential molecular mechanisms underlying immunosuppression and drug resistance in immunotherapy. Additionally, we discuss prospective biomarkers and novel methods for enhancing the effect of immunotherapy to provide a clear insight into EC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinhao Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwen Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Luan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanlu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qixin Shang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zeng
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Yuan,
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Liu J, Liu L, Su Y, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Sun X, Guo Y, Shan J. IL-33 Participates in the Development of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610474. [PMID: 36110250 PMCID: PMC9469785 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: The progression from chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) to Barrett esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is an inflammatory-driven neoplastic change. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has identified as a crucial factor in several inflammatory disorders and malignancies.Methods: The high-density tissue microarray of the human EAC was analyzed with IL-33 immunohistochemistry staining (IHC). By anastomosing the jejunum with the esophagus, the rat model of EAC with mixed gastroduodenal reflux was established. The expression of IL-33 was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot (WB), IHC and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Esophageal adenocarcinoma cells (OE19 and OE33) and human esophageal epithelial cells (HEECs) were used.Results: In the cytoplasm of human EAC tissue, IL-33 expression was substantially greater than in adjacent normal tissue. In rat model, the expression of IL-33 in the EAC group was considerably greater than in the control group, and this expression increased with the upgrade of pathological stage. In in vitro experiment, the mRNA and protein levels of IL-33 were considerably greater in OE19 and OE33 than in HEECs. The stimulation of IL-33 enhanced the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OE19 and OE33, but soluble ST2 (sST2) inhibited these effects. IL-33 stimulated the release of IL-6 by OE19 and OE33 cells.Conclusion: This study demonstrated the overexpression of IL-33 in the transition from GERD to EAC and that IL-33 promoted carcinogenesis in EAC cells through ST2. IL-33 might be a possible preventive target for EAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Su
- School of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yuchun Zhu
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaobin Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanbiao Guo
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Shan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Shan,
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Kittirat Y, Suksawat M, Thongchot S, Padthaisong S, Phetcharaburanin J, Wangwiwatsin A, Klanrit P, Sangkhamanon S, Titapun A, Loilome W, Saya H, Namwat N. Interleukin-6-derived cancer-associated fibroblasts activate STAT3 pathway contributing to gemcitabine resistance in cholangiocarcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:897368. [PMID: 36091805 PMCID: PMC9459012 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.897368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the dominant component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that can be beneficial to the generation and progression of cancer cells leading to chemotherapeutic failure via several mechanisms. Nevertheless, the roles of CAFs on anti-cancer drug response need more empirical evidence in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Herein, we examined the oncogenic roles of CAFs on gemcitabine resistance in CCA cells mediated via IL-6/STAT3 activation. Our findings showed that CCA-derived CAFs promote cell viability and enhance gemcitabine resistance in CCA cells through the activation of IL-6/STAT3 signaling. High expression of IL-6R was correlated with a poor overall survival rate and gemcitabine resistance in CCA, indicating that IL-6R can be a prognostic or predictive biomarker for the chemotherapeutic response of CCA patients. Blockade of IL-6R on CCA cells by tocilizumab, an IL-6R humanized antihuman monoclonal antibody, contributed to inhibition of the CAF-CCA interaction leading to enhancement of gemcitabine sensitivity in CCA cells. The results of this study should be helpful for modifying therapeutic regimens aimed at targeting CAF interacting with cancer cells resulting in the suppression of the tumor progression but enhancement of drug sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingpinyapat Kittirat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Manida Suksawat
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Khon Kaen University International Phenome Laboratory, Khon Kaen University Science Park, Innovation and Enterprise Affairs, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Suyanee Thongchot
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Jutarop Phetcharaburanin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Khon Kaen University International Phenome Laboratory, Khon Kaen University Science Park, Innovation and Enterprise Affairs, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Arporn Wangwiwatsin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Khon Kaen University International Phenome Laboratory, Khon Kaen University Science Park, Innovation and Enterprise Affairs, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Poramate Klanrit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Khon Kaen University International Phenome Laboratory, Khon Kaen University Science Park, Innovation and Enterprise Affairs, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sakkarn Sangkhamanon
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Attapol Titapun
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Watcharin Loilome
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Khon Kaen University International Phenome Laboratory, Khon Kaen University Science Park, Innovation and Enterprise Affairs, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Fujita Cancer Center, Fujita Health University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nisana Namwat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Khon Kaen University International Phenome Laboratory, Khon Kaen University Science Park, Innovation and Enterprise Affairs, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Nisana Namwat,
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Qiu L, Yue J, Ding L, Yin Z, Zhang K, Zhang H. Cancer-associated fibroblasts: An emerging target against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2022; 546:215860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Wu W, Li X, Yu S. Patient-derived Tumour Organoids: A Bridge between Cancer Biology and Personalised Therapy. Acta Biomater 2022; 146:23-36. [PMID: 35533925 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patient-derived tumour organoids (PDOs) have revolutionised our understanding of cancer biology and the applications of personalised therapies. These advancements are principally ascribed to the ability of PDOs to consistently recapitulate and maintain the genomic, proteomic and morphological characteristics of parental tumours. Given these characteristics, PDOs (and their extended biobanks) are a representative preclinical model eminently suited to translate relevant scientific findings into personalized therapies rapidly. Here, we summarise recent advancements in PDOs from the perspective of cancer biology and clinical applications, focusing on the current challenges and opportunities of reconstructing and standardising more sophisticated PDO models. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Patient-derived tumour organoids (PDOs), three-dimensional (3D) self-assembled organotypic structures, have revolutionised our understanding of cancer biology and the applications of personalised therapies. These advancements are principally ascribed to the ability of PDOs to consistently recapitulate and maintain the genomic, proteomic and morphological characteristics of parental tumours. Given these characteristics, PDOs (and their extended biobanks) are a representative preclinical model eminently suited to translate relevant scientific findings into personalized therapies rapidly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wence Wu
- Departments of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Nanli, Panjiayuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Departments of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Nanli, Panjiayuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shengji Yu
- Departments of Orthopedics, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Nanli, Panjiayuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Sharpe BP, Hayden A, Manousopoulou A, Cowie A, Walker RC, Harrington J, Izadi F, Breininger SP, Gibson J, Pickering O, Jaynes E, Kyle E, Saunders JH, Parsons SL, Ritchie AA, Clarke PA, Collier P, Mongan NP, Bates DO, Yacqub-Usman K, Garbis SD, Walters Z, Rose-Zerilli M, Grabowska AM, Underwood TJ. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors enhance chemotherapy in preclinical models of esophageal adenocarcinoma by targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100541. [PMID: 35732148 PMCID: PMC9244979 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The chemotherapy resistance of esophageal adenocarcinomas (EACs) is underpinned by cancer cell extrinsic mechanisms of the tumor microenvironment (TME). We demonstrate that, by targeting the tumor-promoting functions of the predominant TME cell type, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i), we can enhance the efficacy of standard-of-care chemotherapy. In ex vivo conditions, PDE5i prevent the transdifferentiation of normal fibroblasts to CAF and abolish the tumor-promoting function of established EAC CAFs. Using shotgun proteomics and single-cell RNA-seq, we reveal PDE5i-specific regulation of pathways related to fibroblast activation and tumor promotion. Finally, we confirm the efficacy of PDE5i in combination with chemotherapy in close-to-patient and in vivo PDX-based model systems. These findings demonstrate that CAFs drive chemotherapy resistance in EACs and can be targeted by repurposing PDE5i, a safe and well-tolerated class of drug administered to millions of patients world-wide to treat erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin P Sharpe
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Annette Hayden
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | | | - Andrew Cowie
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Robert C Walker
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jack Harrington
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Fereshteh Izadi
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Campus, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Stella P Breininger
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jane Gibson
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Oliver Pickering
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Eleanor Jaynes
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ewan Kyle
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - John H Saunders
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford M6 8HD, UK
| | - Simon L Parsons
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Hucknall Road, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - Alison A Ritchie
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Philip A Clarke
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Pamela Collier
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Nigel P Mongan
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; Biodiscovery Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK
| | - David O Bates
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Kiren Yacqub-Usman
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Zoë Walters
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Matthew Rose-Zerilli
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Anna M Grabowska
- Ex Vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Timothy J Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Room CS B2, MP824, Somers Cancer Research Building, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
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Ogawa T, Kikuchi S, Tabuchi M, Mitsui E, Une Y, Tazawa H, Kuroda S, Noma K, Ohara T, Kagawa S, Urata Y, Fujiwara T. Modulation of p53 expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts prevents peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 25:249-261. [PMID: 35615263 PMCID: PMC9108396 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment are associated with the establishment and progression of peritoneal metastasis. This study investigated the efficacy of replicative oncolytic adenovirus-mediated p53 gene therapy (OBP-702) against CAFs and peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer (GC). Higher CAF expression in the primary tumor was associated with poor prognosis of GC, and higher CAF expression was also observed with peritoneal metastasis in immunohistochemical analysis of clinical samples. And, we found transcriptional alteration of p53 in CAFs relative to normal gastric fibroblasts (NGFs). CAFs increased the secretion of cancer-promoting cytokines, including interleukin-6, and gained resistance to chemotherapy relative to NGFs. OBP-702 showed cytotoxicity to both GC cells and CAFs but not to NGFs. Overexpression of wild-type p53 by OBP-702 infection caused apoptosis and autophagy of CAFs and decreased the secretion of cancer-promoting cytokines by CAFs. Combination therapy using intraperitoneal administration of OBP-702 and paclitaxel synergistically inhibited the tumor growth of peritoneal metastases and decreased CAFs in peritoneal metastases. OBP-702, a replicative oncolytic adenovirus-mediated p53 gene therapy, offers a promising biological therapeutic strategy for peritoneal metastasis, modulating CAFs in addition to achieving tumor lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Satoru Kikuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Corresponding author Satoru Kikuchi, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Motoyasu Tabuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Ema Mitsui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yuta Une
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tazawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shinji Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Noma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | | | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Zheng L, Guan Z, Xue M. TGF-β Signaling Pathway-Based Model to Predict the Subtype and Prognosis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:862860. [PMID: 35586572 PMCID: PMC9108263 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.862860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although immunotherapy with immune checkpoint therapy has been used to treat head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), response rates and treatment sensitivity remain limited. Recent studies have indicated that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) may be an important target for novel cancer immunotherapies. Materials and methods: We collected genomic profile data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method and Cox regression were used to establish a prognostic model. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to explore biological functions. Tracking of indels by decomposition and subclass mapping algorithms were adopted to evaluate immunotherapy efficiency. Result: We established a seven TGF-β pathway-associated gene signature with good prediction efficiency. The high-risk score subgroup mainly showed enrichment in tumor-associated signaling such as hypoxia and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways; This subgroup was also associated with tumor progression. The low-risk score subgroup was more sensitive to immunotherapy and the high-risk score subgroup to cisplatin, erlotinib, paclitaxel, and crizotinib. Conclusion: The TGF-β pathway signature gene model provides a novel perspective for evaluating effectiveness pre-immunotherapy and may guide further studies of precision immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Guan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenjie Guan, ; Miaomiao Xue,
| | - Miaomiao Xue
- Department of General Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenjie Guan, ; Miaomiao Xue,
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50
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Impact of the Tumor Microenvironment for Esophageal Tumor Development—An Opportunity for Prevention? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092246. [PMID: 35565378 PMCID: PMC9100503 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Researchers increasingly appreciate the tumor microenvironment (TME) for its role in the development and therapy resistance of cancers like esophageal adenocarcinoma. A better understanding of the TME fueling carcinogenesis is necessary for tailored prevention and therapies. Here, we highlight recent insights into tumor initiation, interactions with the immune system and possible novel preventative measures. Abstract Despite therapeutical advancements, and in contrast to other malignancies, esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) prognosis remains dismal while the incidence has markedly increased worldwide over the past decades. EAC is a malignancy of the distal esophageal squamous epithelium at the squamocolumnar junction with gastric cells expanding into the esophagus. Most EAC patients have a history of Barret’s esophagus (BE), a metaplastic adaption to chronic reflux, initially causing an inflammatory microenvironment. Thus, the immune system is highly involved early on in disease development and progression. Normally, anti-tumor immunity could prevent carcinogenesis but in rare cases BE still progresses over a dysplastic intermediate state to EAC. The inflammatory milieu during the initial esophagitis phase changes to a tolerogenic immune environment in BE, and back to pro-inflammatory conditions in dysplasia and finally to an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment in EAC. Consequently, there is a huge interest in understanding the underpinnings that lead to the inflammation driven stepwise progression of the disease. Since knowledge about the constellations of the various involved cells and signaling molecules is currently fragmentary, a comprehensive description of these changes is needed, allowing better preventative measures, diagnosis, and novel therapeutic targets.
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