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Zhang Y, Doan BT, Gasser G. Metal-Based Photosensitizers as Inducers of Regulated Cell Death Mechanisms. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10135-10155. [PMID: 37534710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, various forms of regulated cell death (RCD) have been discovered and were found to improve cancer treatment. Although there are several reviews on RCD induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT), a comprehensive summary covering metal-based photosensitizers (PSs) as RCD inducers has not yet been presented. In this review, we systematically summarize the works on metal-based PSs that induce different types of RCD, including ferroptosis, immunogenic cell death (ICD), and pyroptosis. The characteristics and mechanisms of each RCD are explained. At the end of each section, a summary of the reported commonalities between different metal-based PSs inducing the same RCD is emphasized, and future perspectives on metal-based PSs inducing novel forms of RCD are discussed at the end of the review. Considering the essential roles of metal-based PSs and RCD in cancer therapy, we hope that this review will provide the stage for future advances in metal-based PSs as RCD inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhang
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bich-Thuy Doan
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Synthesis, Electrochemistry, Imaging and Analytical Systems for Diagnosis, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, 75005 Paris, France
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2
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Wang Y, Wang S, Wang Q, Tang W, Lin L, Zhang T, Hu M, Wang X. Identification of a luminescent platinum(II) complex with BODIPY derivative as novel photodynamic therapy agent for triple negative breast cancer cells. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 242:112160. [PMID: 36791603 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most malignant breast tumors for its poor prognosis and high tumor recurrence. It is urgent to develop new strategy or effective agents to overcome resistance and improve therapeutic effectiveness. Boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) based photosensitizers possess exciting photophysical features suitable for theranostic applications, namely, photodynamic therapy (PDT). We have designed a luminescent monofunctional platinum(II) complex with BODIPY derivative, namely I2BC-Pt, as novel high PDT agent against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). The di-iodinated BODIPY complex I2BC-Pt showed excellent PDT effect against TNBC cells in green light (520 nm) giving IC50 values of 0.11-0.13 μM in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells. I2BC-Pt predominately aggregated in the mitochondria of MDA-MB-231 cells and emitted green fluorescence. Besides, the anticancer mechanism studies demonstrated that I2BC-Pt could help DNA repair through attenuating RAD51, FoxM1 and BRCA1/2, and induce p53-mediated apoptosis of TNBC cells. Taken together, I2BC-Pt could be potentially developed as a BODIPY-based photosensitizers for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Shuping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Wanyu Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China
| | - Meichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Related Diseases and One Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China.
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, PR China; Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning 437100, PR China.
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3
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Li W, Jiang Y, Lu J. Nanotechnology-enabled immunogenic cell death for improved cancer immunotherapy. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122655. [PMID: 36720448 PMCID: PMC9975075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy has revolutionized the field of oncology treatments in recent years. As one of the promising strategies of cancer immunotherapy, tumor immunogenic cell death (ICD) has shown significant potential for tumor therapy. Nanoparticles are widely used for drug delivery due to their versatile characteristics, such as stability, slow blood elimination, and tumor-targeting ability. To increase the specificity of ICD inducers and improve the efficiency of ICD induction, functionally specific nanoparticles, such as liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, micelles, nanodiscs, biomembrane-coated nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles have been widely reported as the vehicles to deliver ICD inducers in vivo. In this review, we summarized the strategies of different nanoparticles for ICD-induced cancer immunotherapy, and systematically discussed their advantages and disadvantages as well as provided feasible strategies for solving these problems. We believe that this review will offer some insights into the design of effective nanoparticulate systems for the therapeutic delivery of ICD inducers, thus, promoting the development of ICD-mediated cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpan Li
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Yanhao Jiang
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Jianqin Lu
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; NCI-designated University of Arizona Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States; Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, United States.
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4
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Huis in ‘t Veld RV, Heuts J, Ma S, Cruz LJ, Ossendorp FA, Jager MJ. Current Challenges and Opportunities of Photodynamic Therapy against Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020330. [PMID: 36839652 PMCID: PMC9965442 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an established, minimally invasive treatment for specific types of cancer. During PDT, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated that ultimately induce cell death and disruption of the tumor area. Moreover, PDT can result in damage to the tumor vasculature and induce the release and/or exposure of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that may initiate an antitumor immune response. However, there are currently several challenges of PDT that limit its widespread application for certain indications in the clinic. METHODS A literature study was conducted to comprehensively discuss these challenges and to identify opportunities for improvement. RESULTS The most notable challenges of PDT and opportunities to improve them have been identified and discussed. CONCLUSIONS The recent efforts to improve the current challenges of PDT are promising, most notably those that focus on enhancing immune responses initiated by the treatment. The application of these improvements has the potential to enhance the antitumor efficacy of PDT, thereby broadening its potential application in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben V. Huis in ‘t Veld
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), 2333 ZA Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), 2333 ZA Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Jeroen Heuts
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), 2333 ZA Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Sen Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), 2333 ZA Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Luis J. Cruz
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), 2333 ZA Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Ferry A. Ossendorp
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), 2333 ZA Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Martine J. Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), 2333 ZA Leiden, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
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Zhang Z, Gao A, Sun C. Tumor pH-Responsive Nanocarriers With Light-Activatable Drug Release for Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy of Breast Cancer. Front Chem 2022; 10:905645. [PMID: 35815218 PMCID: PMC9257215 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.905645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing bioresponsive nanocarriers with particular tumor cell targeting and on-demand payload release has remained a great challenge for combined chemo-photodynamic therapy (chemo-PDT). In this study, an intelligent nanocarrier (DATAT-NPCe6) responded to hierarchical endogenous tumor pH, and an exogenous red light was developed through a simple mixed micelle approach. The outside TAT ligand was masked to prevent an unexpected interaction in blood circulation. Following the accumulation of DATAT-NPCe6 in tumor tissues, tumor acidity at pH ∼6.5 recovered its targeting ability via triggering DA moiety degradation. Furthermore, the cascaded chemo-PDT was accomplished through light-stimulated nanocarrier disassembly and doxorubicin (DOX) release. Taking advantage of stability and controllability, this work provides a facile approach to designing bioresponsive nanocarriers and represents a proof-of-concept combinatorial chemo-PDT treatment.
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Li Y, Lin J, Wang P, Zhu F, Wu M, Luo Q, Zhang Y, Liu X. Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Yolk-Shell NaCl@Virus-Inspired Tetrasulfide-Organosilica for Ion-Interference Therapy via Osmolarity Surge and Oxidative Stress Amplification. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7380-7397. [PMID: 35435672 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ion-interference therapy, which utilizes ions to disturb intracellular biological processes, provides inspiration for tumor therapy. Artificially reversing osmotic pressure by transporting large amounts of physiological ions to tumor cells is a straightforward yet low-toxic strategy for ion-interference therapy. However, it is hard to achieve due to the serious limitations of single-ion delivery. Herein, we skillfully deliver NaCl nanocrystals to tumor sites and sequentially realize the explosive release of Na+/Cl- inside tumor cells by utilizing a virus-mimicking and glutathione (GSH)-responsive hollow mesoporous tetrasulfide-bridged organosilica (ssss-VHMS). Once the ssss-VHMS-wrapped NaCl nanocrystals (NaCl@ssss-VHMS) accumulate in the tumors, they would rapidly invade tumor cells via spike surface-assisted endocytosis, thus bypassing Na+/K+-ATPase transmembrane ion transporters. Afterward, the intracellular overproduced GSH of tumor cells would trigger the rapid degradation of ssss-VHMS via thiol-tetrasulfide exchange, which could not only remarkably deplete the GSH but also explosively release the Na+/Cl-, leading to the osmolarity surge accompanied by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. The cell swelling, ROS storm, and GSH exhaustion of NaCl@ssss-VHMS effectively eradicated tumor cells by caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis, caspase-3-dependent apoptosis, and GPX4-dependent ferroptosis, respectively, thus synergistically inhibiting tumor growth. We believe that NaCl@ssss-VHMS would be a potential cancer therapeutic agent, and this discovery could provide a perspective for exploring synergistic ion-interference therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fukai Zhu
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Wu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Luo
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People's Republic of China
- Department of Translational Medicine & Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare-Earth Materials, Haixi Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, People's Republic of China
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7
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Bipolar charge transport in a robust hexacoordinate organosilane. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Değirmencioğlu İ, İren K, Yalçin İ, Göl C, Durmuş M. Synthesis of axially disubstituted silicon(IV) phthalocyanines and investigation of their photophysical and photochemical properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Kai Lin R, Venkatesan P, Hsuan Yeh C, Chien CM, Lin TS, Lin CC, Lin CC, Lai PS. Effective topical treatments of innovative NNO-tridentate vanadium (IV) complexes-mediated photodynamic therapy in psoriasis-like mice model. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:4759-4770. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that can significantly impact the quality of human life. Various drug treatments with long-term severe side effects limit those drugs usage. Photodynamic therapy...
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Pogorilyy V, Plyutinskaya A, Suvorov N, Diachkova E, Vasil’ev Y, Pankratov A, Mironov A, Grin M. The First Selenoanhydride in the Series of Chlorophyll a Derivatives, Its Stability and Photoinduced Cytotoxicity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237298. [PMID: 34885879 PMCID: PMC8659179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we obtained the first selenium-containing chlorin with a chalcogen atom in exlocycle E. It was shown that the spectral properties were preserved in the target compound and the stability increased at two different pH values, in comparison with the starting purpurin-18. The derivatives have sufficiently high fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yields. The photoinduced cytotoxicity of sulfur- and selenium-anhydrides of chlorin p6 studied for the first time in vitro on the S37 cell line was found to be two times higher that of purpurin-18 and purpurinimide studied previously. Moreover, the dark cytotoxicity increased four-fold in comparison with the latter compounds. Apparently, the increase in the dark cytotoxicity is due to the interaction of the pigments studied with sulfur- and selenium-containing endogenous intracellular compounds. Intracellular distributions of thioanhydride and selenoanhydride chlorin p6 in S37 cells were shown in cytoplasm by diffusion distribution. The intracellular concentration of the sulfur derivative turned out to be higher and, as a consequence, its photoinduced cytotoxicity was higher as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Pogorilyy
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.M.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Anna Plyutinskaya
- P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia; (A.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Nikita Suvorov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Ekaterina Diachkova
- Department of Oral Surgery of Borovsky Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St. bldg. 8\2, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Fundamental Medical Disciplines, Medical Faculty, Moscow Region State University (MRSU), Str. Radio 10 Build 1, 105005 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (V.P.); (E.D.)
| | - Yuriy Vasil’ev
- Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya St. bldg. 8\2, 119435 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental Faculty, Kazan State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Str. Butlerova 49, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Andrei Pankratov
- P. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky pr., 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia; (A.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrey Mironov
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Mikhail Grin
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Biologically Active Compounds, Medicinal and Organic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA-Russian Technological University, 86 Vernadsky Avenue, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (N.S.); (A.M.); (M.G.)
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11
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LaF3: Tb3+ nanoparticles show adaptability to targeted therapy for a safer cancer cell treatment. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Novel Ferrocene Derivatives Induce Apoptosis through Mitochondria-Dependent and Cell Cycle Arrest via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184677. [PMID: 34572904 PMCID: PMC8467123 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a malignant hematologic disease that urgently requires efficient therapeutic agents. The aim of this study is to explore the anti-T-ALL activity of novel ferrocene derivatives. It was found that ferrocene derivatives F1–F7 synthesized by our group inhibited the proliferation of several cancer cell lines in vitro. Among them, F1 and F3 displayed potent cytotoxicity against T-ALL cell lines, especially Jurkat cells, with low cytotoxicity for normal cells. Mechanistically, F1 and F3 could induce apoptosis through mitochondria-dependent pathway mediated by ROS, and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in Jurkat cells. These results suggested that F1 and F3 could be potential candidates for future T-ALL therapy. Abstract T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is one of the most common causes of death in pediatric malignancies. However, the clinical chemotherapy for T-ALL has been limited by numerous side effects, emphasizing that novel anti-T-ALL drugs are urgently needed. Herein, a series of 2-acyl-1-dimethylaminomethyl-ferrocenes for cancer therapy have been evaluated. Among them, F1 and F3 exhibited potent cytotoxicity against T-ALL cell lines, especially Jurkat cells, with low cytotoxicity for normal cells. Further mechanistic studies revealed that F1 and F3 could induce apoptosis in Jurkat cells by destructing mitochondrial membrane, enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, decreasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, releasing Cytochrome c, and increasing the expression of Cleaved Caspase-9/-3 and Cleaved PARP. Additionally, F1 and F3 could suppress cell proliferation and arrest the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by down-regulating the expression of CDK6, Cyclin D1, p-Akt, p-GSK-3β, p-mTOR, p-p70 S6K, and up-regulating the expression of P21 and P27, which would also be a possible mechanism. Consequently, ferrocene derivatives F1 and F3 could induce apoptosis through a mitochondria-dependent pathway mediated by ROS, and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in Jurkat cells. The present study provided fundamental insights into the clinical application of F1 and F3 for the treatment of T-ALL.
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Yang K, Luo M, Li H, Abdulrehman G, Kang L. Effects of jasplakinolide on cytotoxicity, cytoskeleton and apoptosis in two different colon cancer cell lines treated with m-THPC-PDT. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 35:102425. [PMID: 34214686 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor, and metastasis is one of the most important challenges in the treatment of CRC. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel and non-invasive treatment that influence cytoskeleton and to reduce cancer metastases. In addition, cytoskeleton is related to cancer metastases. Two isogenic colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 and SW620 were used in the present study, we found that m-THPC mediated PDT changed the cytotoxicity, apoptosis and cytoskeleton in both cell lines. Interestingly, the expression of intermediate filaments protein cytokeratin18 were different in the two cell lines. In order to further confirm the relationship between cytoskeleton and cell migration, we combined with microfilament stabilizer jasplakinolide (JASP) to observe the effects of microfilaments on cell migration, cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that m-THPC-PDT could induce cytoplasmic cytoskeleton destruction in both types of cells, especially on microfilaments and microtubules. Moreover, in SW480 cells, microtubules may participate in the apoptosis process induced by m-THPC-PDT, while microfilaments may participate in the process of m-THPC-PDT inhibiting cell migration. But in SW620 cells, only microfilaments may be involved in m-THPC-PDT induced apoptosis and inhibition of cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizhen Yang
- Teaching & Research Department, The First People's Hospital of Urumqi, 1 Jiankang Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Mengyu Luo
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 567 SHangde North Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Hongxia Li
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 567 SHangde North Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Gulinur Abdulrehman
- Cancer Hospital of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 789 Suzhou East Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Ling Kang
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, 567 SHangde North Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
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Li X, Zhao Y, Zhang T, Xing D. Mitochondria-Specific Agents for Photodynamic Cancer Therapy: A Key Determinant to Boost the Efficacy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001240. [PMID: 33236531 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria-targeted photodynamic therapy (Mt-PDT), which enables the photogenerated cytotoxic oxygen species with fatal oxidative damage to block mitochondrial functions, has been considered as a promising method to enhance the anticancer effectiveness. Aiming at the challenges of PDT, in the past few decades, numerous mitochondria-targeting molecular agents have been developed to boost the PDT efficacy via directly destroying the mitochondria or activating mitochondria-mediated cell death pathways. Herein, a review for recent advances of Mt-PDT is highlighted including: mitochondrial targeting design principles and strategies, therapeutic performance of mitochondria-targeted agents-mediated PDT as well as the agent-free Mt-PDT. In addition, it puts together the achievements of the combinatory mitochondria-anchoring PDT and other anticancer strategies, demonstrating the advantages provided by Mt-PDT. The existing challenges are discussed and future settlements for the development of mitochondria-specific agents are also forecasted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xipeng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science College of Biophotonics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science College of Biophotonics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science College of Biophotonics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science College of Biophotonics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science College of Biophotonics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science College of Biophotonics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 P. R. China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science College of Biophotonics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science College of Biophotonics South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 P. R. China
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15
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Lin SL, Chen HC, Chang CA. Enhancing Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Efficiency of Titania-Lanthanide Hybrid Upconversion Nanomaterials by Shortening the Donor-Acceptor Distance. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10102035. [PMID: 33076441 PMCID: PMC7602594 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several robust titania (TiO2) coated core/multishell trivalent lanthanide (Ln) upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) hybrid architecture designs have been reported for use in photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancer, utilizing the near-infrared (NIR) excited energy down-shifting and up-conversion chain of Nd3+ (λ793-808 nm) → Yb3+ (λ980 nm) → Tm3+(λ475 nm) → TiO2 to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) for deep tissue-penetrating oxidative cytotoxicity, e.g., NaLnF4:Yb,Tm (Ln = Y, Gd). Herein, we demonstrate that by doping the Tm3+ emitter ions in the outer shell and the Nd3+ sensitizer ions in the core, the newly designed NaYF4:Nd,Yb@Yb@Yb,Tm@TiO2 hybrid UCNPs exert more ROS production than the reference NaYF4:Yb,Tm@Yb@Nd,Yb@ TiO2 with the Tm3+ ions in the core and the Nd3+ ions in the outer shell, upon 793 nm laser irradiation, primarily due to the shortening of the Tm3+-TiO2 distance of the former with greater Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency. After coating with polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH)/polyethylene glycol folate (PEG-FA), the resulting NaYF4:Nd,Yb@Yb@Yb,Tm@TiO2-PAH-PEG-FA hybrid nanocomposites could be internalized in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells, which also show low dark cytotoxicity and effective photocytotoxicity upon 793 nm excitation. These nanocomposites could be further optimized and are potentially good candidates as nanotheranostics, as well as for other light-conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syue-Liang Lin
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Biomedical Engineering Research and Development Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-L.L.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Han-Chun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng Allen Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Biomedical Engineering Research and Development Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-L.L.); (C.A.C.)
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16
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Kim D, Park S, Yoo H, Park S, Kim J, Yum K, Kim K, Kim H. Overcoming anticancer resistance by photodynamic therapy-related efflux pump deactivation and ultrasound-mediated improved drug delivery efficiency. NANO CONVERGENCE 2020; 7:30. [PMID: 32897469 PMCID: PMC7479087 DOI: 10.1186/s40580-020-00241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the major obstacles to successful chemotherapy is multi-drug resistance (MDR). A multi-drug resistant cancerous cell abnormally overexpresses membrane transporters that pump anticancer drugs out of the cell, resulting in low anticancer drug delivery efficiency. To overcome the limitation, many attempts have been performed to inhibit the abilities of efflux receptors chemically or genetically or to increase the delivery efficiency of anticancer drugs. However, the results have not yet been satisfactory. In this study, we developed nanoparticle-microbubble complexes (DOX-NPs/Ce6-MBs) by conjugating doxorubicin loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles (DOX-NPs) onto the surface of Chlorin e6 encapsulated microbubbles (Ce6-MBs) in order to maximize anticancer efficiency by overcoming MDR. Under the ultrasound irradiation, DOX-NPs and Ce6 encapsulating self-assembled liposomes or micelles were effectively delivered into the cells due to the sonoporation effect caused by the microbubble cavitation. At the same time, reactive oxygen (ROS) generated from intracellularly delivered Ce6 by laser irradiation arrested the activity of ABCG2 efflux receptor overexpressed in doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7/ADR), resulting in increased the chemotherapy efficacy. In addition, the total number of side population cells that exhibit the properties of cancer stem-like cells were also reduced by the combination of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. In conclusion, DOX-NPs/Ce6-MBs will provide a platform for simultaneously overcoming MDR and increasing drug delivery and therefore, treatment efficiency, under ultrasound irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doyeon Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyun Park
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongkeun Yoo
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyeon Park
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeewon Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhee Yum
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Kim
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Han R, Zhao M, Wang Z, Liu H, Zhu S, Huang L, Wang Y, Wang L, Hong Y, Sha Y, Jiang Y. Super-efficient in Vivo Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy with a Gold Nanocluster as a Type I Photosensitizer. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9532-9544. [PMID: 31670942 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved, minimally invasive therapeutic technique that can induce the regression of targeted lesions via generating excess cytotoxic reactive oxygen species. However, due to the limited penetration depth of visible excitation light and the intrinsic hypoxia microenvironment of solid tumors, the efficacy of PDT in the treatment of cancer, especially deep-seated or large tumors, is unsatisfactory. Herein, we developed an efficient in vivo PDT system based on a nanomaterial, dihydrolipoic acid coated gold nanocluster (AuNC@DHLA), that combined the advantages of large penetration depth in tissue, extremely high two-photon (TP) absorption cross section (σ2 ∼ 106 GM), efficient ROS generation, a type I photochemical mechanism, and negligible in vivo toxicity. With AuNC@DHLA as the photosensitizer, highly efficient in vivo TP-PDT has been achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongcheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Miao Zhao
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Helin Liu
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shengcang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuankai Hong
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yinlin Sha
- Single-Molecule and Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuqiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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18
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Pola M, Kolarova H, Ruzicka J, Zholobenko A, Modriansky M, Mosinger J, Bajgar R. Effects of zinc porphyrin and zinc phthalocyanine derivatives in photodynamic anticancer therapy under different partial pressures of oxygen in vitro. Invest New Drugs 2020; 39:89-97. [PMID: 32833137 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-00990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is gradually becoming an alternative method in the treatment of several diseases. Here, we investigated the role of oxygen in photodynamically treated cervical cancer cells (HeLa). The effect of PDT on HeLa cells was assessed by exposing cultured cells to disulphonated zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcS2) and tetrasulphonated zinc tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPPS4). Fluorescence microscopy revealed their different localizations within the cells. ZnTPPS4 seems to be mostly limited to the cytosol and lysosomes, whereas ZnPcS2 is most likely predominantly attached to membrane structures, including plasmalemma and the mitochondrial membrane. Phototoxicity assays of PDT-treated cells carried out under different partial pressures of oxygen showed dose-dependent responses. Interestingly, ZnPcS2 was also photodynamically effective at a minimal level of oxygen, under a nitrogen atmosphere. On the other hand, hyperbaric oxygenation did not lead to a higher PDT efficiency of either photosensitizer. Although both photosensitizers can induce a significant drop in mitochondrial membrane potential, ZnPcS2 has a markedly higher effect on mitochondrial respiration that was completely blocked after two short light cycles. In conclusion, our observations suggest that PDT can be effective even in hypoxic conditions if a suitable sensitizer is chosen, such as ZnPcS2, which can inhibit mitochondrial respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pola
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kolarova
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Ruzicka
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleksey Zholobenko
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Modriansky
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Mosinger
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Husinec-Rez 1001, 250 68, Rez, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Bajgar
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic. .,Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University in Olomouc, Hnevotinska 3, 775 15, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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19
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Binder S, Hosikova B, Mala Z, Zarska L, Kolarova H. Effect of ClAlPcS(2) photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy on HeLa cells. Physiol Res 2020; 68:S467-S474. [PMID: 32118478 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses photosensitive substance to provoke a cytotoxic reaction causing a cell damage or cell death. The substances, photosensitizers, are usually derivates of porphyrine or phtalocyanine. Photosensitizers must be activated by light in order to produce reactive oxygen species, mainly singlet oxygen. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) utilizes ultrasound to enhance a cytotoxic effects of compounds called sonosensitizers. In this study we investigated photodynamic and sonodynamic effect of chloraluminium phtalocyanine disulfonate (ClAlPcS(2)) on HeLa cells. DNA damage, cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were assessed to find whether the combination of PDT and SDT inflicts HeLa cells more than PDT alone. We found that the combined therapy increases DNA fragmentation, enhances ROS production and decreases cell survival. Our results indicate that ClAlPcS(2) can act as a sonosentitiser and combined with PDT causes more irreversible changes to the cells resulting in cell death than PDT alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Binder
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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20
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Zhang XJ, Han GY, Guo CY, Ma ZQ, Lin MY, Wang Y, Miao ZY, Zhang WN, Sheng CQ, Yao JZ. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 3 1-hexyloxy chlorin e 6-based 15 2- or 13 1-amino acid derivatives as potent photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 207:112715. [PMID: 32846322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to improve the biological effectiveness and pharmacokinetic properties of chlorin e6, a second-generation photosensitizer (PS), for tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT). Herein, the novel 31-hexyloxy chlorin e6-based 152- or 131-amino acid derivatives 3a, 3b, 3c and 8 were synthesized and their photophysical properties and in vitro bioactivities such as phototoxicity against A549, HeLa and melanoma B16-F10 cells, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and subcellular localization were evaluated. In addition, preferred target compounds were also investigated for their in vivo pharmacokinetic in SD rats and in vivo antitumor efficacies in C57BL/6 mice bearing melanoma B16-F10 cells. Apparently, simultaneous introduction of amino acid residue and n-hexyloxy chain in chlorin e6 made a significant improvement in photophysical properties, ROS production, in vitro and in vivo PDT efficacy. Encouragingly, all target compounds showed higher in vitro phototoxicity than Talaporfin, and that 3c (152-Lys) exhibited strongest phototoxicity and highest dark toxicity/phototoxicity ratio, followed by 8 (131-Asp), 3a (152-Asp) and 3b (152-Glu). Moreover, in vivo PDT antitumor efficacy of 3a, 3c and 8 was all better than that of Talaporfin, and that both 3c and 8 had stronger PDT antitumor efficiency than 3a. The overall results suggested that these novel 31-hexyloxy chlorin e6-based 152- or 131-amino acid derivatives, especially 3c and 8, might be potential antitumor candidate drugs for clinical treatment of melanoma by PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Gui-Yan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chang-Yong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mei-Yu Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, 750004, China
| | - Zhen-Yuan Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wan-Nian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Chun-Quan Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jian-Zhong Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, 750004, China.
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21
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Oxidative Stress and Photodynamic Therapy of Skin Cancers: Mechanisms, Challenges and Promising Developments. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050448. [PMID: 32455998 PMCID: PMC7278813 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation is one of the most pervasive environmental interactions with humans. Chronic ultraviolet irradiation increases the danger of skin carcinogenesis. Probably, oxidative stress is the most important mechanism by which ultraviolet radiation implements its damaging effects on normal cells. However, notwithstanding the data referring to the negative effects exerted by light radiation and oxidative stress on carcinogenesis, both factors are used in the treatment of skin cancer. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) consists of the administration of a photosensitiser, which undergoes excitation after suitable irradiation emitted from a light source and generates reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress causes a condition in which cellular components, including DNA, proteins, and lipids, are oxidised and injured. Antitumor effects result from the combination of direct tumour cell photodamage, the destruction of tumour vasculature and the activation of an immune response. In this review, we report the data present in literature dealing with the main signalling molecular pathways modified by oxidative stress after photodynamic therapy to target skin cancer cells. Moreover, we describe the progress made in the design of anti-skin cancer photosensitisers, and the new possibilities of increasing the efficacy of PDT via the use of molecules capable of developing a synergistic antineoplastic action.
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Park S, Kim KE, Park HJ, Cho D. The Role of Erythroid Differentiation Regulator 1 (ERDR1) in the Control of Proliferation and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072603. [PMID: 32283647 PMCID: PMC7178175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythroid differentiation regulator 1 (ERDR1) was newly identified as a secreted protein that plays an essential role in maintaining cell growth homeostasis. ERDR1 enhances apoptosis at high cell densities, leading to the inhibition of cell survival. Exogenous ERDR1 treatment decreases cancer cell proliferation and tumor growth as a result of increased apoptosis via the regulation of apoptosis-related gene expression. Moreover, ERDR1 plays a pivotal role in skin diseases; ERDR1 expression in actinic keratosis (AK) is negatively correlated with the increase in apoptosis. Because of its high specificity and efficiency, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a common therapy for patients with various skin diseases, including cancer. Many studies indicate that apoptosis is mainly induced by PDT treatment. As an apoptosis inducer, the recovery of the ERDR1 expression after PDT is correlated with good therapeutic outcomes. Here, we review recent findings that highlight the function of ERDR1 in the control of apoptosis. Thus, ERDR1 may have a role in the apoptosis regulation of target cells in the lesions, as the recovery of its expression after PDT is correlated with good therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyoung Park
- Kine Sciences, 525, Seolleung-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06149, Korea;
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Cosmetic Sciences, Sookmyung Women’s University, Chungpa-Dong 2-Ka, Yongsan-ku, Seoul 04310, Korea;
| | - Hyun Jeong Park
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.P.); (D.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3779-1230 (H.J.P.); +82-2-3290-4541 (D.C.)
| | - Daeho Cho
- Kine Sciences, 525, Seolleung-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06149, Korea;
- Institute of Convergence Science, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-ku, Seoul 02481, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.J.P.); (D.C.); Tel.: +82-2-3779-1230 (H.J.P.); +82-2-3290-4541 (D.C.)
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23
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Shi S, Zheng G, Yang C, Chen X, Yan Q, Jiang F, Jiang X, Xin Y, Jiang G. Effects of Vitamin K3 Combined with UVB on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma A431 Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 12:11715-11727. [PMID: 32099380 PMCID: PMC6997229 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s228792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer and its incidence continues to rise yearly. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive form of cancer therapy, which utilizes the combined action of a photosensitizer, light, and oxygen molecules to selectively cause cellular damage to tumor cells. Vitamin K3 (VitK3) has been shown to induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of tumor cells in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of VitK3 and ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) on oxidative damage, proliferation and apoptosis of A431 cells. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation; Hoechst staining, TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis were used to detect apoptosis. Western Blot was perfomed to measure the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Flow cytometry analysis was employed to detect the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondrial membrane potential. Finally, the role of VitK3 in combination with UVB on the proliferation and apoptosis of A431 cells was investigated using mice xenograft models. Results We found that the co-treatment of VitK3 combined with UVB more significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of A431 cells than either VitK3 or UVB alone. Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry analysis revealed that apoptosis was more pronounced in the VitK3-UVB group compared to the VitK3 and UVB groups. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis showed that ROS and the depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential were higher in all the co-treatment groups compared to the control, VitK3, and UVB groups. The VitK3-UVB group exhibited a significantly lower tumor growth rate in mouse xenograft models. Conclusion This study reveals that VitK3 combined with UVB inhibits the growth and induces apoptosis of A431 cells in vitro and suppresses tumor growth and promotes apoptosis of cSCC in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangyuchen Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China.,Department of Dermatology, Xuzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Huai'an 221003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Yang
- The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an 223002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyue Yan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Xin
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China
| | - Guan Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, People's Republic of China
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24
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McRae EK, Nevonen DE, McKenna SA, Nemykin VN. Binding and photodynamic action of the cationic zinc phthalocyanines with different types of DNA toward understanding of their cancer therapy activity. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yang X, Yu Q, Yang N, Xue L, Shao J, Li B, Shao J, Dong X. Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-DPP based near-infrared nanotheranostic agent for dual imaging-guided photothermal/photodynamic synergistic therapy. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:2454-2462. [PMID: 32255122 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb03185a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based organic molecules have drawn significant research attention as phototheranostic agents. Herein, based on thieno[3,2-b]thienyl-DPP (TT-DPP), a near-infrared small molecule photosensitizer diethyl 3,3'-((((2,5-bis(2-decyltetradecyl)-3,6-dioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-diyl)bis(thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-5,2-diyl))bis-(4,1-phenylene))bis(7-bromo-10H-phenothiazine-10,3-diyl))(2E,2'E)-diacrylate (PDBr), with a high singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yield of 67%, was developed. After nano-precipitation, the hydrophilic PDBr NPs present an encouraging photothermal conversion efficiency of 35.7% and excellent fluorescence/infrared-thermal imaging performance. In vitro studies disclosed the high phototoxicity but low dark cytotoxicity of PDBr NPs to tumor cells. Furthermore, PDBr NPs can effectively impede the tumor growth without noticeable side effects in living mice through imaging-guided synergistic photothermal/photodynamic therapy. Therefore, PDBr NPs could be a promising nanotheranostic agent for imaging-guided synergistic photothermal and photodynamic therapy in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211800, China.
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Qi S, Guo L, Yan S, Lee RJ, Yu S, Chen S. Hypocrellin A-based photodynamic action induces apoptosis in A549 cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial signaling pathway. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:279-293. [PMID: 30972277 PMCID: PMC6437636 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Over recent decades, many studies have reported that hypocrellin A (HA) can eliminate cancer cells with proper irradiation in several cancer cell lines. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying its anticancer effect has not been fully defined. HA-mediated cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were evaluated after photodynamic therapy (PDT). A temporal quantitative proteomics approach by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) 2D liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric (LC–MS/MS) was introduced to help clarify molecular cytotoxic mechanisms and identify candidate targets of HA-induced apoptotic cell death. Specific caspase inhibitors were used to further elucidate the molecular pathway underlying apoptosis in PDT-treated A549 cells. Finally, down-stream apoptosis-related protein was evaluated. Apoptosis induced by HA was associated with cell shrinkage, externalization of cell membrane phosphatidylserine, DNA fragmentation, and mitochondrial disruption, which were preceded by increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generations. Further studies showed that PDT treatment with 0.08 µmol/L HA resulted in mitochondrial disruption, pronounced release of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-3, -9, and -7. Together, HA may be a possible therapeutic agent directed toward mitochondria and a promising photodynamic anticancer candidate for further evaluation.
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Key Words
- ACN, acetonitrile
- CLSM, confocal laser scanning confocal microscopy
- DCFH-DA, 2′,7′-dichlorofuorescin diacetate
- DMEM, Dulbecco׳s modified Eagle׳s medium
- Dox, doxorubicin
- ECL, enhanced chemiluminescence
- FCCP, carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone
- FDR, false discovery rate
- GO, gene ontology
- HA, hypocrellin A
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- Hypocrellin A
- IAA, iodoacetamide
- IKK, IκB kinase complex
- JC-1, 5,5′,6,6′-tetrachloro-1,1′,3,3′-tetraethyl-benzimidazolcarbocyanine iodide
- LC–MS/MS
- MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential
- MPT, mitochondrial permeability transition
- NAC, N-acetyl-l-cysteine
- OCR, oxygen consumption rate
- PDT, photodynamic therapy
- PI, propidium iodide
- PS, photosensitizer
- Photodynamic therapy
- Proteomic
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive oxygen species
- SCX, strong cation exchange
- TCM, traditional Chinese medicinal
- TEM, transmission electron microscope
- TFA, trifluoroacetic acid
- UA, urea
- iTRAQ
- iTRAQ, isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation
- z-IETD-fmk, z-Ile-Glu-Asp-fluoromethylketone
- z-LEHD-fmk, z-Leu-Glu(OMe)-His-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone
- z-VAD-fmk, z-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Qi
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- College of Pharmacy, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Lingyuan Guo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuzhen Yan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Robert J. Lee
- College of Pharmacy, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shuqin Yu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +86 25 8559 1050.
| | - Shuanglin Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 25 8589 1265.
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Zhuo Z, Song Z, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Xu G, Chen G. Chlorophyllin e6‑mediated photodynamic therapy inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2019; 41:2181-2193. [PMID: 30816498 PMCID: PMC6412394 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) frequently relapse following surgery due to incomplete resection and chemoresistance, highlighting the importance of developing novel therapeutic strategies that mechanistically assist in eradicating the residual tumor. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anticancer effect of chlorophyllin e6-mediated photodynamic therapy (e6-PDT) and its potential mechanisms by using monolayer cells or multicellular tumor spheroid models of human bladder cancer cells (T24 and 5637). The results revealed that e6-PDT exhibited significant cytotoxicity in the T24 and 5637 cells of these two models as detected by the Water-Soluble Tetrazolium Salts-1 and CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability assays, respectively. Cell migration and invasion capacities decreased markedly following e6-PDT. In addition, the cells following e6-PDT exhibited typical morphological changes of apoptosis as detected by fluorescence microscopy with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and transmission electron microscopy. A greater number of apoptotic cells were observed post-e6-PDT by flow cytometry. The expression levels of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and B-cell lymphoma 2 protein were decreased, while cleaved PARP was increased, significantly following e6-PDT as determined by western blotting. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was increased, while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was decreased, significantly in e6-PDT-treated cells. Thus, the novel e6-PDT exhibits prominent photo-cytotoxicity effect and the induction of apoptosis was probably due to the inhibition of SOD activity and the generation of ROS. These results indicate that chlorophyllin e6 is an effective photosensitizer and that e6-PDT may have a therapeutic application for the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhuo
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Song
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Ma
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yuanfang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Center Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Urology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
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Zhang J, Liang H, Zheng Y, Wang D, Xia J, Peng W, Cheng K, Wang L, Liu Y, Peng W, Li Q. Photodynamic therapy versus systemic antibiotic for the treatment of periodontitis in a rat model. J Periodontol 2019; 90:798-807. [PMID: 30632612 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with Toluidine blue O hydrogel versus systemic antibiotic (SA) in treating periodontitis on rats. METHODS Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four groups and treated differently: Negative control (NC) group, normal rats; positive control (PC) group, rats with periodontitis; SA group, rats with periodontitis treated with systemic antibiotic; PDT group, rats with periodontitis treated with PDT. After treatment, gingival sulcus bacterial load was measured by counting the colony forming units per milliliter (CFU mL-1 ). The tooth and periodontal tissues were histologically processed to analyze histological and immunohistochemical profile. Gingival samples were obtained to quantify interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. RESULTS Gingival sulcus bacteria load is significantly lower in PDT group compared with the SA group. The histological analysis showed that some extremely effective repair signs of periodontal tissue were presented in PDT group, such as no periodontal pocket, no bone resorption, few inflammatory cells, massive fibroblasts and collagen fibers. Several effective repair signs of periodontal tissue were also observed in SA group, such as shallow periodontal pocket, small amount of inflammatory cells, substantial fibroblasts and collagen fibers. There were lower cyclooxygenase-2, matrix metalloproteinase -8 (MMP-8) and RANK immunolabeling, higher osteoprotegerin immunolabeling in PDT group compared with SA group. The IL-1β and TNF-α levels in PDT group were lower than those in NC group, but higher than those in SA group. CONCLUSION PDT was effective to treat experimental periodontitis and was superior to systemic metronidazole as a treatment for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yixin Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongcai Wang
- College of mechanical engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- College of mechanical engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenming Peng
- College of mechanical engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangjie Cheng
- College of mechanical engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Yunfeng Liu
- College of mechanical engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Peng
- College of mechanical engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Rizvi I, Nath S, Obaid G, Ruhi MK, Moore K, Bano S, Kessel D, Hasan T. A Combination of Visudyne and a Lipid-anchored Liposomal Formulation of Benzoporphyrin Derivative Enhances Photodynamic Therapy Efficacy in a 3D Model for Ovarian Cancer. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:419-429. [PMID: 30499113 DOI: 10.1111/php.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A major objective in developing new treatment approaches for lethal tumors is to reduce toxicity to normal tissues while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) provides a mechanistically distinct approach to treat tumors without the systemic toxicity of chemotherapy drugs. PDT involves the light-based activation of a small molecule, a photosensitizer (PS), to generate reactive molecular species (RMS) that are toxic to target tissue. Depending on the PS localization, various cellular and subcellular components can be targeted, causing selective photodamage. It has been shown that targeted lysosomal photodamage followed by, or simultaneous with, mitochondrial photodamage using two different PS results in a considerable enhancement in PDT efficacy. Here, two liposomal formulations of benzoporphyrin derivative (BPD): (1) Visudyne (clinically approved) and (2) an in-house formulation entrapping a lipid conjugate of BPD are used in combination with direct PS localization to mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, enabling simultaneous photodamage to all three organelles using a single wavelength of light. Building on findings by our group, and others, this study demonstrates, for the first time in a 3D model for ovarian cancer, that BPD-mediated photodestruction of lysosomes and mitochondria/ER significantly enhances PDT efficacy at lower light doses than treatment with either PS formulation alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Rizvi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shubhankar Nath
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Girgis Obaid
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ruhi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaitlin Moore
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Shazia Bano
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - David Kessel
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Yang K, Niu T, Luo M, Tang L, Kang L. Enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis through inhibiting autophagy in metastatic potential colon cancer SW620 cells treated with Chlorin e6 photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 24:332-341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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31
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Li MD, Wong NK, Xiao J, Zhu R, Wu L, Dai SY, Chen F, Huang G, Xu L, Bai X, Geraskina MR, Winter AH, Chen X, Liu Y, Fang W, Yang D, Phillips DL. Dynamics of Oxygen-Independent Photocleavage of Blebbistatin as a One-Photon Blue or Two-Photon Near-Infrared Light-Gated Hydroxyl Radical Photocage. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15957-15968. [PMID: 30269478 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Development of versatile, chemically tunable photocages for photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) represents an excellent opportunity to address the technical drawbacks of conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT) whose oxygen-dependent nature renders it inadequate in certain therapy contexts such as hypoxic tumors. As an alternative to PDT, oxygen free mechanisms to generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) by visible light cleavable photocages are in demand. Here, we report the detailed mechanisms by which the small molecule blebbistatin acts as a one-photon blue light-gated or two-photon near-infrared light-gated photocage to directly release a hydroxyl radical (•OH) in the absence of oxygen. By using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and chemoselective ROS fluorescent probes, we analyze the dynamics and fate of blebbistatin during photolysis under blue light. Water-dependent photochemistry reveals a critical process of water-assisted protonation and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) that drives the formation of short-lived intermediates, which surprisingly culminates in the release of •OH but not superoxide or singlet oxygen from blebbistatin. CASPT2//CASSCF calculations confirm that hydrogen bonding between water and blebbistatin underpins this process. We further determine that blue light enables blebbistatin to induce mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, an attribute conducive to PACT development. Our work demonstrates blebbistatin as a controllable photocage for •OH generation and provides insight into the potential development of novel PACT agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-De Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province , Shantou University , Shantou 515063 , China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China.,State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases , Shenzhen Third People's Hospital , Shenzhen 518112 , China
| | - Jia Xiao
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases , Shenzhen Third People's Hospital , Shenzhen 518112 , China
| | - Ruixue Zhu
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Liangliang Wu
- Department of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Xin-wai-da-jie 19 , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Sheng-Yao Dai
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases , Shenzhen Third People's Hospital , Shenzhen 518112 , China
| | - Guanheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province , Shantou University , Shantou 515063 , China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province , Shantou University , Shantou 515063 , China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - Margarita R Geraskina
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University , 2101d Hach Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Arthur H Winter
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University , 2101d Hach Hall , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
| | - Xuebo Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Xin-wai-da-jie 19 , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Yingxia Liu
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases , Shenzhen Third People's Hospital , Shenzhen 518112 , China
| | - Weihai Fang
- Department of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Xin-wai-da-jie 19 , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , China
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Hwang HS, Shin H, Han J, Na K. Combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and anti-tumor immunity in cancer therapy. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2018; 48:143-151. [PMID: 30680248 PMCID: PMC6323106 DOI: 10.1007/s40005-017-0377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is performed using a photosensitizer and light of specific wavelength in the presence of oxygen to generate singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species(ROS) in the cancer cells. The accumulated photosensitizers in target sites induce ROS generation upon light activation, then the generated cytotoxic reactive oxygen species lead to tumor cell death via apoptosis or necrosis, and damages the target sites which results tumor destruction. As a consequence, the PDT-mediated cell death is associated with anti-tumor immune response. In this paper, the effects of PDT and immune response on tumors are reviewed. Activation of an immune response regarding the innate and adaptive immune response, interaction with immune cells and tumor cells that associated with antitumor efficacy of PDT are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sook Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonni-gu, Bucheno-si, Gyeonggido 14662 South Korea
| | - Heejun Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonni-gu, Bucheno-si, Gyeonggido 14662 South Korea
| | - Jieun Han
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonni-gu, Bucheno-si, Gyeonggido 14662 South Korea
| | - Kun Na
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonni-gu, Bucheno-si, Gyeonggido 14662 South Korea
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Anbaraki A, Ghahramani M, Muranov KO, Kurganov BI, Yousefi R. Structural and functional alteration of human αA-crystallin after exposure to full spectrum solar radiation and preventive role of lens antioxidants. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1120-1130. [PMID: 29964111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The chronically exposure of eye lenses to ultra violet and visible light of the solar radiation is an important risk factor for development of the senile cataract diseases. Various photosensitizer molecules including riboflavin (RF) play a significant role in photo-oxidative damages of lens proteins underlying development of opacity in the lenticular tissues. In the current study, RF-mediated photo-oxidation of human αA-crystallin (αA-Cry) was assessed using SDS-PAGE analysis, dynamic light scattering and other spectroscopic assessments. The RF-photosensitized reactions led to non-disulfide covalent cross-linking, oligomerization and significant structural changes in αA-Cry. The photo-damaging of αA-Cry under solar radiation was also accompanied by the reduction in both Trp and Tyr fluorescence intensities which followed by the formation of new photosensitizer chromophores. The solvent exposed hydrophobic patches, secondary structures and chaperone-like activity of αA-Cry were significantly altered after exposure to the solar radiation in the presence of RF. Although glutathione and ascorbate were capable to partially protect the photo-induced structural damages of human αA-Cry, they also disrupted its chaperone function when co-exposed with this protein to the solar radiation. Also, the most promising data were obtained with cysteine which its availability in the lenticular tissues is a rate limiting factor for the biosynthesis of glutathione. Overall our results suggest that glutathione and ascorbate, as the major anti-oxidant compounds within lenticular tissues, demonstrate controversial effect on structure and chaperone-like activity of human αA-Cry. Elucidation of this effect may demand further experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrooz Anbaraki
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghahramani
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Konstantin O Muranov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygin str. 4, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Boris I Kurganov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 33, bld. 2 Leninsky Ave., Moscow 119071, Russia
| | - Reza Yousefi
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
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Schmidt J, Kuzyniak W, Berkholz J, Steinemann G, Ogbodu R, Hoffmann B, Nouailles G, Gürek AG, Nitzsche B, Höpfner M. Novel zinc‑ and silicon‑phthalocyanines as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy of cholangiocarcinoma. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:534-546. [PMID: 29693115 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an effective and minimally invasive cancer treatment modality. In the present study, two novel phthalocyanines, tetra‑triethyleneoxysulfonyl substituted zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and dihydroxy‑2,9(10),16(17),23(24)‑tetrakis(4,7,10‑trioxaundecan‑1‑sulfonyl) silicon phthalocyanine (Pc32), were investigated as photosensitizers (PS) for PDT of cholangiocarcinoma (CC). ZnPc showed a pronounced dose‑dependent and predominantly cytoplasmic accumulation in EGI‑1 and TFK‑1 CC cell lines. Pc32 also accumulated in the CC cells, but this was less pronounced. Without photoactivation, the PS did not exhibit any antiproliferative or cytotoxic effects. Upon photoactivation, ZnPc induced the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and immediate phototoxicity, leading to a dose‑dependent decrease in cell proliferation, and an induction of mitochondria‑driven apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of EGI‑1 and TFK‑1 cells. Although photoactivated Pc32 also induced ROS formation in the two cell lines, the extent was less marked, compared with that induced by ZnPc‑PDT, and pronounced antipoliferative effects occurred only in the less differentiated EGI‑1 cells, whereas the more differentiated TFK‑1 cells did not show sustained growth inhibition upon Pc32‑PDT induction. In vivo examinations on the antiangiogenic potency of the novel PS were performed using chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays, which revealed reduced angiogenic sprouting with a concomitant increase in nonperfused regions and degeneration of the vascular network of the CAM following induction with ZnPc‑PDT only. The study demonstrated the pronounced antiproliferative and antiangiogenic potency of ZnPc as a novel PS for PDT, meriting further elucidation as a promising PS for the photodynamic treatment of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Schmidt
- Institute of Physiology, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Weronika Kuzyniak
- Institute of Physiology, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janine Berkholz
- Institute of Physiology, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gustav Steinemann
- Institute of Physiology, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Racheal Ogbodu
- Institute of Physiology, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Björn Hoffmann
- Institute of Physiology, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Geraldine Nouailles
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pulmonary Medicine, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ayşe Gül Gürek
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Bianca Nitzsche
- Institute of Physiology, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Höpfner
- Institute of Physiology, Charité‑Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‑Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, D‑10117 Berlin, Germany
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Pollum M, Lam M, Jockusch S, Crespo‐Hernández CE. Dithionated Nucleobases as Effective Photodynamic Agents against Human Epidermoid Carcinoma Cells. ChemMedChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Pollum
- Department of Chemistry Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Minh Lam
- Department of Medicine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Steffen Jockusch
- Department of Chemistry Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
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36
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Li N, Yu L, Wang J, Gao X, Chen Y, Pan W, Tang B. A mitochondria-targeted nanoradiosensitizer activating reactive oxygen species burst for enhanced radiation therapy. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3159-3164. [PMID: 29732098 PMCID: PMC5916111 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04458e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) has been widely used for malignant tumor treatment. However, the large dosage of ionizing radiation and high frequency of radiotherapy in clinical cancer therapy cause severe damage to normal tissues adjacent to tumors. Therefore, how to increase the local treatment efficacy and reduce the damage to normal tissues has been a challenge for RT. Herein, we developed a novel strategy for enhanced RT based on a mitochondria targeted titanium dioxide-gold nanoradiosensitizer. When irradiated with X-rays, the nanosensitizer could produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mitochondria, which induced the domino effect on the ROS burst. The overproduced ROS accumulated in mitochondria, resulting in mitochondrial collapse and irreversible cell apoptosis. A colony formation assay indicated that the cell survival rate when incubated with the mitochondrial targeted nanosensitizer was significantly lower than that of non-targeted groups. As demonstrated by in vivo experiments, the tumor was significantly suppressed even just once RT with the nanosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| | - Longhai Yu
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Radiation Department , Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Jinan 250100 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaonan Gao
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry , Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong , Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes , Ministry of Education , Institute of Molecular and Nano Science , Shandong Normal University , Jinan 250014 , P. R. China .
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Xiong L, Liu Z, Ouyang G, Lin L, Huang H, Kang H, Chen W, Miao X, Wen Y. Autophagy inhibition enhances photocytotoxicity of Photosan-II in human colorectal cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6419-6432. [PMID: 28031534 PMCID: PMC5351642 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an attractive therapeutic treatment for colorectal cancer because of its accessibility through endoscopy and its ability to selectively target tumors without destroying the anatomical integrity of the colon. We therefore investigated the therapeutic relevance of the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in Photosan-II (PS-II)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PS-PDT) in in vitro and in vivo models for human colorectal cancer. We observed that PS-PDT-induced dose-dependently triggered apoptosis and autophagy in both SW620 and HCT116 cells. PS-PDT-treated SW620 cells exhibited nuclear condensation and increased levels of cleaved caspase-3, PARP and Bax, which is reminiscent of apoptosis. PS-PDT also induced autophagic vacuoles, double membrane autophagosome structures and the autophagy-related proteins P62, Bcl-2, ATG7 and LC3-II. In addition, the AKT-mTOR pathway was downregulated, while AMPK was upregulated in PS-PDT-treated cells. Inhibiting autophagy using chloroquine or by downregulating ATG7 using shRNA further upregulated apoptosis, suggesting autophagy was probably was protective to PS-PDT-treated tumor cells. In vivo relevance was demonstrated when a combination of chloroquine and PS-PDT significantly reduced the tumor size in a xenograft mice model. Our findings demonstrate that combination therapy using PS-PDT and autophagy inhibitors may be an effective approach to treating colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xiong
- General Surgery Department of Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, HN, China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- General Surgery Department of Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, HN, China
| | - Guoqing Ouyang
- General Surgery Department of Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, HN, China
| | - Liangwu Lin
- China State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, HN, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, HN, China
| | - Hongxiang Kang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Xiongying Miao
- General Surgery Department of Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, HN, China
| | - Yu Wen
- General Surgery Department of Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, HN, China
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Wang P, Wang X, Liu Q. Cell Damage of Hepatoma-22 Cells Exposed to Continuous Wave Ultrasound. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 98:523-31. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161209800419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background The cellular response of hepatoma-22 cells to ultrasonic irradiation and the potential cause for the action were evaluated. Methods and study design Hepatoma-22 cells were subjected to ultrasound irradiation at a frequency of 2.17 MHz and a spatial average intensity of 1.6 W/cm2 for variable periods of time, and several biological parameters were analyzed. The terephthalic acid (TA) dosimetry method was used to evaluate the efficacies of irradiation parameters on the acoustic cavitation activity by monitoring hydroxyl radical (OH) production. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage was assayed to investigate cell membrane integrity. The polarization value of fluorescent probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) was measured to monitor plasma membrane fluidity. The malonaldehyde content in cells was determined to reflect lipid peroxidation. Trypan blue exclusion was used to detect cell viability. Additionally, electron microscopy was used to observe morphological changes. The generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, mitochondria swelling and the loss of mitochondria membrane potential were also investigated. Results The results showed that 1) the concentration of ·OH production by ultrasonic irradiation in air-saturated cell suspensions increased as ultrasound exposure time increased; 2) compared with control, lactate dehydrogenase leakage, the polarization value of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, malonaldehyde content and cell lysis were significantly elevated when cells were treated by ultrasound for 60 s; 3) cytotoxicity by ultrasound irradiation was also accompanied by an increase in production of intracellular reactive oxygen species and dissipation of mitochondria membrane potential as well as by mitochondria swelling. Conclusions Presently available information indicates that the plasma membrane and mitochondria are the main targets for ultrasound treatment, and free radicals formation such as ·OH due to ultrasound cavitation may play an important role in mediating these cellular response processes. Moreover the mechanical effect might also be involved in inducing cell damage because there was significant mitochondria membrane potential loss and no visible ROS detection when cells were exposed to ultrasound for 30 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quanhong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi, China
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Photodynamic effect and mechanism study of selenium-enriched phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis against liver tumours. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 180:89-97. [PMID: 29413706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Selenium-containing phycocyanin (Se-PC) has been proved to have many biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. In this study, we investigated the photodynamic therapy (PDT) effects of Se-PC against liver tumour in vitro and in vivo experiment. Our results demonstrated that the half lethal dose of Se-PC PDT on HepG2 cells was 100μg/ml PC containing 20% selenium. Se-PC location migration from lysosomes to mitochondria was time dependent. In in vivo experiments, the tumour inhibition rate was 75.4% in the Se-PC PDT group, compared to 52.6% in PC PDT group. Histological observations revealed that the tumour cells outside the tissue showed cellular necrosis, and those inside the tissue exhibited apoptotic nuclei and digested vacuoles in the cytoplasm after Se-PC PDT treatment. Antioxidant enzyme analysis indicated that GSH-Px activity was linked to the selenium content of Se-PC, and SOD activity was affected by PC PDT. Therefore, Se-PC PDT could induce cell death through free radical production of PDT in tumours and enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes with selenium in vivo. The mechanism of Se-PC PDT against liver tumour involves hematocyte damage and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis accompanied with autophagy inhibition during early stage of tumour development, which displayed new prospect and offered relatively safe way for cancer therapy.
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40
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Lin X, Yan SZ, Qi SS, Xu Q, Han SS, Guo LY, Zhao N, Chen SL, Yu SQ. Transferrin-Modified Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy Enhance the Antitumor Efficacy of Hypocrellin A. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:815. [PMID: 29209206 PMCID: PMC5701649 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a potent novel therapeutic modality that induces cell death through light-induced activation of photosensitizer. But some photosensitizers have characteristics of poor water-solubility and non-specific tissue distribution. These characteristics become main obstacles of PDT. In this paper, we synthesized a targeting drug delivery system (TDDS) to improve the water-solubility of photosensitizer and enhance the ability of targeted TFR positive tumor cells. TDDS is a transferrin-modified Poly(D,L-Lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) nanoparticle loaded with a photosensitizer hypocrellin A (HA), named TF-HA-CMC-PLGA NPs. Morphology, size distribution, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra, encapsulation efficiency, and loading capacity of TF-HA-CMC-PLGA NPs were characterized. In vitro TF-HA-CMC-PLGA NPs presented weak dark cytotoxicity and significant photo-cytotoxicity with strong reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptotic cancer cell death. In vivo photodynamic antitumor efficacy of TF-HA-CMC-PLGA NPs was investigated with an A549 (TFR positive) tumor-bearing model in male athymic nude mice. TF-HA-CMC-PLGA NPs caused tumor delay with a remarkable tumor inhibition rate of 63% for 15 days. Extensive cell apoptosis in tumor tissue and slight side effects in normal organs were observed. The results indicated that TDDS has great potential to enhance PDT therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Lin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Yan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan-Shan Qi
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiao Xu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Han
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling-Yuan Guo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang-Lin Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu-Qin Yu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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41
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Zhao H, Yin R, Wang Y, Lee YH, Luo T, Zhang J, Qiu H, Ambrose S, Wang L, Ren J, Yao J, Chen D, Wang Y, Liang Z, Zhen J, Wu S, Ye Z, Zeng J, Huang N, Gu Y. Modulating mitochondrial morphology enhances antitumor effect of 5-ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy both in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 176:81-91. [PMID: 28964889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid mediated PDT (5-ALA-PDT) is an approved therapeutic procedure for treating carcinomas of the cervix. However, when employed as a monotherapy, 5-ALA-PDT could not produce satisfactory results toward large and deep tumors. Therefore, developing a method to improve the efficacy of 5-ALA-PDT becomes important. In this study, we demonstrate an enhanced antitumor effect of 5-ALA-PDT by the modulation of mitochondrial morphology. The mitochondria in the cells were regulated into tubular mitochondria or fragmented mitochondria through over expression of Drp1 or Mfn2. Then these cells were treated with identical dose of 5-ALA-PDT. Our results suggest that HeLa cells predominantly containing fragmented mitochondria were more sensitive to 5-ALA-PDT than the cells predominantly containing tubular mitochondria. The morphology of mitochondria changed as the cell cycle progressed, with tubular mitochondria predominantly exhibited in the S phase and uniformly fragmented mitochondria predominantly displayed in the M phase. Paclitaxel significantly increased the population of M-phase cells, while 5-fluorouracil significantly increased the population of S-phase cells in xenograft tumors. Furthermore, low-dose paclitaxel significantly increased the antitumor effects of PDT. However, 5-fluorouracil didn't improve the antitumor effects of PDT. These results demonstrated an enhanced antitumor effect of 5-ALA-PDT from the modulation of mitochondrial morphology. We anticipate that our results will provide an insight for selecting potential chemotherapeutic agents to combine with PDT for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyou Zhao
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China; Department of Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Rong Yin
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001,PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Yuan-Hao Lee
- Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Ting Luo
- School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jiaying Zhang
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Haixia Qiu
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Stephen Ambrose
- College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile 36688, USA
| | - Lijie Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Defu Chen
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Zhipin Liang
- Department of Genetics, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jie Zhen
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Sumin Wu
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Zulin Ye
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Naiyan Huang
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China.
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Pluripotent Stem Cell Metabolism and Mitochondria: Beyond ATP. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:2874283. [PMID: 28804500 PMCID: PMC5540363 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2874283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism is central to embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency and differentiation, with distinct profiles apparent under different nutrient milieu, and conditions that maintain alternate cell states. The significance of altered nutrient availability, particularly oxygen, and metabolic pathway activity has been highlighted by extensive studies of their impact on preimplantation embryo development, physiology, and viability. ESC similarly modulate their metabolism in response to altered metabolite levels, with changes in nutrient availability shown to have a lasting impact on derived cell identity through the regulation of the epigenetic landscape. Further, the preferential use of glucose and anaplerotic glutamine metabolism serves to not only support cell growth and proliferation but also minimise reactive oxygen species production. However, the perinuclear localisation of spherical, electron-poor mitochondria in ESC is proposed to sustain ESC nuclear-mitochondrial crosstalk and a mitochondrial-H2O2 presence, to facilitate signalling to support self-renewal through the stabilisation of HIFα, a process that may be favoured under physiological oxygen. The environment in which a cell is grown is therefore a critical regulator and determinant of cell fate, with metabolism, and particularly mitochondria, acting as an interface between the environment and the epigenome.
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43
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Analysis of the in vitro and in vivo effects of photodynamic therapy on prostate cancer by using new photosensitizers, protoporphyrin IX-polyamine derivatives. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1676-1690. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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44
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Cancer nanotheranostics: A review of the role of conjugated ligands for overexpressed receptors. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 104:273-292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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45
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Li H, Tong J, Bao J, Tang D, Tian W, Liu Y. Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether combined with He-Ne laser irradiation-induced apoptosis in canine breast cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway. J Vet Sci 2017; 17:235-42. [PMID: 26645330 PMCID: PMC4921672 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2016.17.2.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) combined with He-Ne laser irradiation is a novel and promising photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced apoptosis that can be applied in vitro on canine breast cancer cells. However, the exact pathway responsible for HMME-PDT in canine breast cancer cells remains unknown. CHMm cells morphology and apoptosis were analyzed using optical microscope, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling fluorescein staining and DNA ladder assays. Apoptotic pathway was further confirmed by Real-time-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting assays. Our results showed that HMME-PDT induced significant changes in cell morphology, such as formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles and the gradual rounding of cells coupled with decreased size and detachment. DNA fragmentation and cell death was shown to occur in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, HMME-PDT increased the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and released cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm. HMME-PDT also significantly increased both mRNA and protein levels of Bax and decreased P53 gene expression in a time-dependent manner, while the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2 were repressed. These alterations suggest that HMME-PDT induced CHMm cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and had anti-canine breast cancer effects in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huatao Li
- Department of Clinic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jinjin Tong
- Department of Clinic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.,Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Damu Tang
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Wenru Tian
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Clinic Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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46
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Lin HD, Li KT, Duan QQ, Chen Q, Tian S, Chu ESM, Bai DQ. The effect of aloe-emodin-induced photodynamic activity on the apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells: A pilot study. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3431-3436. [PMID: 28521449 PMCID: PMC5431202 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of aloe-emodin (AE)-induced photodynamic activity in human gastric cancer cells. AE was used as a photosensitizer to explore the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in human gastric cancer cells (SGC-7901). An MTT assay was used to detect the effect of AE-induced PDT in optimal concentrations and illumination energy densities in human gastric cancer cells. Following AE-induced PDT, morphological changes of the cells and the rate of cell death were evaluated by TUNEL assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The expression levels of caspase-9 and caspase-3 were determined by western blot analysis. The AE and AE-induced PDT demonstrated a significant inhibitive effect on the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells in dose-dependent and energy-dependent manners. For subsequent experiments, 10 µM AE and 12.8 J/cm2 illumination energy density were used. Typical morphological changes of apoptosis were observed in the cells using a TUNEL assay 12 h subsequent to AE-induced PDT. The percentage of apoptotic cells treated with AE-induced PDT significantly increased when compared with the control group, the 10 µM AE group and the illumination group (P<0.05). Upregulation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 protein levels was also observed following AE-induced PDT. The present study revealed that 10 µM AE-induced PDT had an inhibitory effect on human gastric cancer cells, and it may induce cell apoptosis by upregulating caspase-9 and caspase-3, which indicated that the mitochondrial pathway may be involved. AE-induced PDT has the potential to be a novel therapy for the treatment of human gastric cancer. However, further investigations are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dan Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Ting Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Qin Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Longquan, Chengdu, Sichuan 610100, P.R. China
| | - Qing Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Shi Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | | | - Ding-Qun Bai
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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47
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Hutnick MA, Ahsanuddin S, Guan L, Lam M, Baron ED, Pokorski JK. PEGylated Dendrimers as Drug Delivery Vehicles for the Photosensitizer Silicon Phthalocyanine Pc 4 for Candidal Infections. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:379-385. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Hutnick
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Sayeeda Ahsanuddin
- Department
of Dermatology, Case Skin Disease Research Center, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Linna Guan
- Department
of Dermatology, Case Skin Disease Research Center, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Minh Lam
- Department
of Dermatology, Case Skin Disease Research Center, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Elma D. Baron
- Department
of Dermatology, Case Skin Disease Research Center, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Jonathan K. Pokorski
- Department
of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2100 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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Hemanathan K, Ravivarma M, Satheeshkumar C, Rajakumar P, Sakthi Murugesan K. (10-Ethyl-10 H-phenothiazine-3,7-diyl)bis( p-tolylmethanone). IUCRDATA 2016. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314616018381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, C30H25NO2S, crystallizes with two independent molecules (AandB) having similar conformations in the asymmetric unit. Both phenothiazine units have a butterfly structure; the dihedral angles between the planes of the benzene rings are 17.95 (13) and 12.65 (14)° for moleculesAandB, respectively. In the crystal, theBmolecules are linked by pairs of C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with anR22(10) ring motif. TheAmolecules are linked by C—H...π interactions. Layers ofAmolecules and layers ofBmolecules are linked by a second C—H...π interaction, formingA–B–B–Aslabs, which stack back-to-back and lie parallel to thebcplane.
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49
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Park H, Ko SH, Lee JM, Park JH, Choi YH. Troglitazone Enhances the Apoptotic Response of DLD-1 Colon Cancer Cells to Photodynamic Therapy. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:1494-9. [PMID: 27593880 PMCID: PMC5011284 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.6.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate whether the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) ligand troglitazone in combination with photodynamic therapy (PDT) enhances the apoptotic response of DLD-1 colon cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of troglitazone, PDT, and troglitazone in combination with PDT on cell viability and apoptosis were assessed in DLD-1 cells. Cell viability and proliferation were evaluated using the tetrazolium-based MTT assay, and apoptosis was evaluated via cell staining with propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V-FITC. The levels of pro-caspase-3 were measured via Western blot analyses. RESULTS Treatment of troglitazone and PDT induced the growth retardation and cell death of DLD-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, respectively. The combination treatment significantly suppressed cell growth and increased the apoptotic response of DLD-1 and resulted in apoptosis rather than necrosis, as shown by PI/annexin V staining and degradation of procaspase-3. CONCLUSION These results document the anti-proliferative and apoptotic activities of PDT in combination with the PPARγ ligand troglitazone and provide a strong rationale for testing the therapeutic potential of combination treatment in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Park
- Department of Physiology, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si Hwan Ko
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Myun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeon Han Park
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Hee Choi
- Department of Physiology, Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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50
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Ji YY, Ma YJ, Wang JW. Cytoprotective role of nitric oxide in HepG2 cell apoptosis induced by hypocrellin B photodynamic treatment. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 163:366-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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