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Chen J, Lewis MA, Wai A, Yin L, Dawson SJ, Ingham NJ, Steel KP. A new mutation of Sgms1 causes gradual hearing loss associated with a reduced endocochlear potential. Hear Res 2024; 451:109091. [PMID: 39067415 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.109091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Sgms1 encodes sphingomyelin synthase 1, an enzyme in the sphingosine-1-phosphate signalling pathway, and was previously reported to underlie hearing impairment in the mouse. A new mouse allele, Sgms1tm1a, unexpectedly showed normal Auditory Brainstem Response thresholds. We found that the Sgms1tm1a mutation led to incomplete knockdown of transcript to 20 % of normal values, which was enough to support normal hearing. The Sgms1tm1b allele was generated by knocking out exon 7, leading to a complete lack of detectable transcript in the inner ear. Sgms1tm1b homozygotes showed largely normal auditory brainstem response thresholds at first, followed by progressive loss of sensitivity until they showed severe impairment at 6 months old. The endocochlear potential was consistently reduced in Sgms1tm1b mutants at 3, 4 and 8 weeks old, to around 80 mV compared with around 120 mV in control littermates. The stria vascularis showed a characteristic irregularity of marginal cell surfaces and patchy loss of Kcnq1 expression at their apical membrane, and expression analysis of the lateral wall suggested that marginal cells were the most likely initial site of dysfunction in the mutants. Finally, significant association of auditory thresholds with DNA markers within and close to the human SGMS1 gene were found in the 1958 Birth Cohort, suggesting that SGMS1 variants may play a role in the range of hearing abilities in the human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Morag A Lewis
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Alisa Wai
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Lucia Yin
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Sally J Dawson
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, United Kingdom
| | - Neil J Ingham
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Karen P Steel
- Wolfson Sensory, Pain and Regeneration Centre, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom.
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Chen X, Zheng Z, Xie D, Xia L, Chen Y, Dong H, Feng Y. Serum lipid metabolism characteristics and potential biomarkers in patients with unilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:205. [PMID: 38951804 PMCID: PMC11218322 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02189-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycerophospholipids (GPLs) are essential for cell membrane structure and function. Sphingomyelin and its metabolites regulate cell growth, apoptosis, and stress responses. This study aimed to investigate lipid metabolism in patients experiencing sudden sensorineural hearing loss across all frequencies (AF-SSNHL). METHODS The study included 60 patients diagnosed with unilateral AF-SSNHL, among whom 30 patients had a level of hearing improvement ≥ 15 dB after 6 months of follow-up. A propensity score-matched (2:1) control group was used. Liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry based untargeted lipidomics analysis combined with multivariate statistics was performed to investigate the lipids change. The "lipidome" R package and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were utilised to assess the lipids' structural features and the association between lipids and hearing. RESULTS Lipidomics successfully differentiated the AF-SSNHL group from the control group, identifying 17 risk factors, mainly including phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and related metabolites. The ratios of lysophosphatidylcholine/PC, lysophosphatidylethanolamine/PE, and lysodimethylphosphatidylethanolamine/PE were upregulated, while some glycerophospholipid (GPL)-plasmalogens were downregulated in the AF-SSNHL group, indicating abnormal metabolism of GPLs. Trihexosylceramide (d34:1), PE (18:1e_22:5), and sphingomyelin (d40:3) were significantly different between responders and nonresponders, and positively correlated with hearing improvement. Additionally, the results of the WGCNA also suggested that partial GPL-plasmalogens were positively associated with hearing improvement. CONCLUSION AF-SSNHL patients exhibited abnormally high blood lipids and pronounced GPLs metabolic abnormalities. Sphingolipids and GPL-plasmalogens had an association with the level of hearing improvement. By understanding the lipid changes, clinicians may be able to predict the prognosis of hearing recovery and personalize treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Daoyu Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liang Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjun Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yanmei Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Shanghai, China.
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Kharel Y, Huang T, Dunnavant K, Foster D, Souza G, Nimchuk KE, Merchak AR, Pavelec CM, Juskiewicz ZJ, Gaultier A, Abbott S, Shin JB, Isakson BE, Xu W, Leitinger N, Santos WL, Lynch KR. Assessing Spns2-dependent S1P Transport as a Prospective Therapeutic Target. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.26.586765. [PMID: 38746194 PMCID: PMC11092524 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.26.586765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) receptor modulator (SRM) drugs interfere with lymphocyte trafficking by downregulating lymphocyte S1P receptors. While the immunosuppressive activity of SRM drugs has proved useful in treating autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, that drug class is beset by on-target liabilities such as initial dose bradycardia. The S1P that binds to cell surface lymphocyte S1P receptors is provided by S1P transporters. Mice born deficient in one of these, spinster homolog 2 (Spns2), are lymphocytopenic and have low lymph S1P concentrations. Such observations suggest that inhibition of Spns2-mediated S1P transport might provide another therapeutically beneficial method to modulate immune cell positioning. We report here results using a novel S1P transport blocker (STB), SLF80821178, to investigate the consequences of S1P transport inhibition in rodents. We found that SLF80821178 is efficacious in a multiple sclerosis model but - unlike the SRM fingolimod - neither decreases heart rate nor compromises lung endothelial barrier function. Notably, although Spns2 null mice have a sensorineural hearing defect, mice treated chronically with SLF80821178 have normal hearing acuity. STBs such as SLF80821178 evoke a dose-dependent decrease in peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, which affords a reliable pharmacodynamic marker of target engagement. However, the maximal reduction in circulating lymphocyte counts in response to SLF80821178 is substantially less than the response to SRMs such as fingolimod (50% vs. 90%) due to a lesser effect on T lymphocyte sub-populations by SLF80821178. Finally, in contrast to results obtained with Spns2 deficient mice, lymph S1P concentrations were not significantly changed in response to administration of STBs at doses that evoke maximal lymphopenia, which indicates that current understanding of the mechanism of action of S1P transport inhibitors is incomplete.
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Xu X, Han Y, Zhu T, Fan F, Wang X, Liu Y, Luo D. The role of SphK/S1P/S1PR signaling pathway in bone metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115838. [PMID: 37944444 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There are a large number of people worldwide who suffer from osteoporosis, which imposes a huge economic burden, so it is necessary to explore the underlying mechanisms to achieve better supportive and curative care outcomes. Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). S1P with paracrine and autocrine activities that act through its cell surface S1P receptors (S1PRs) and intracellular signals. In osteoporosis, S1P is indispensable for both normal and disease conditions. S1P has complicated roles in regulating osteoblast and osteoclast, respectively, and there have been exciting developments in understanding how SphK/S1P/S1PR signaling regulates these processes in response to osteoporosis therapy. Here, we review the proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and functions of S1P, specifically detailing the roles of S1P and S1PRs in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Finally, we focus on the S1P-based therapeutic approaches in bone metabolism, which may provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Yi Han
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Tianxin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Faxin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Duosheng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, China; Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, China.
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Piccoli M, Cirillo F, Ghiroldi A, Rota P, Coviello S, Tarantino A, La Rocca P, Lavota I, Creo P, Signorelli P, Pappone C, Anastasia L. Sphingolipids and Atherosclerosis: The Dual Role of Ceramide and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010143. [PMID: 36671005 PMCID: PMC9855164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are bioactive molecules that play either pro- and anti-atherogenic roles in the formation and maturation of atherosclerotic plaques. Among SLs, ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate showed antithetic properties in regulating various molecular mechanisms and have emerged as novel potential targets for regulating the development of atherosclerosis. In particular, maintaining the balance of the so-called ceramide/S1P rheostat is important to prevent the occurrence of endothelial dysfunction, which is the trigger for the entire atherosclerotic process and is strongly associated with increased oxidative stress. In addition, these two sphingolipids, together with many other sphingolipid mediators, are directly involved in the progression of atherogenesis and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques by promoting the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and influencing the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype. The modulation of ceramide and S1P levels may therefore allow the development of new antioxidant therapies that can prevent or at least impair the onset of atherogenesis, which would ultimately improve the quality of life of patients with coronary artery disease and significantly reduce their mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Piccoli
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cirillo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Rota
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Coviello
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Tarantino
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo La Rocca
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Ivana Lavota
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Creo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Signorelli
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Via Antonio di Rudinì 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Arrhythmology Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Piazza Malan 2, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Institute for Molecular and Translational Cardiology (IMTC), San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0226437765
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Ma X, Guo J, Fu Y, Shen C, Jiang P, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Yu Y, Fan J, Chai R. G protein-coupled receptors in cochlea: Potential therapeutic targets for hearing loss. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1028125. [PMID: 36311029 PMCID: PMC9596917 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1028125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of hearing loss-related diseases caused by different factors is increasing worldwide year by year. Currently, however, the patient’s hearing loss has not been effectively improved. Therefore, there is an urgent need to adopt new treatment measures and treatment techniques to help improve the therapeutic effect of hearing loss. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), as crucial cell surface receptors, can widely participate in different physiological and pathological processes, particularly play an essential role in many disease occurrences and be served as promising therapeutic targets. However, no specific drugs on the market have been found to target the GPCRs of the cochlea. Interestingly, many recent studies have demonstrated that GPCRs can participate in various pathogenic process related to hearing loss in the cochlea including heredity, noise, ototoxic drugs, cochlear structure, and so on. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the functions of 53 GPCRs known in the cochlea and their relationships with hearing loss, and highlight the recent advances of new techniques used in cochlear study including cryo-EM, AI, GPCR drug screening, gene therapy vectors, and CRISPR editing technology, as well as discuss in depth the future direction of novel GPCR-based drug development and gene therapy for cochlear hearing loss. Collectively, this review is to facilitate basic and (pre-) clinical research in this area, and provide beneficial help for emerging GPCR-based cochlear therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiamin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaoyang Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cangsong Shen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Laboratory), Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Research Institute of Otolaryngology, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yafeng Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
- *Correspondence: Yafeng Yu,
| | - Jiangang Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Jiangang Fan,
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Renjie Chai,
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Zhang Z, Chai R. Hear the sounds: The role of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in the cochlea. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C1088-C1099. [PMID: 35938679 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00453.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sound is converted by hair cells in the cochlea into electrical signals, which are transmitted by spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and heard by the auditory cortex. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are crucial receptors that regulate a wide range of physiological functions in different organ and tissues. The research of GPCRs in the cochlea is essential for the understanding of the cochlea development, hearing disorders, and the treatment for hearing loss. Recently, several GPCRs have been found to play important roles in the cochlea. Frizzleds and Lgrs are dominant GPCRs that regulate stem cell self-renew abilities. Moreover, Frizzleds and Celsrs have been demonstrated to play core roles in the modulation of cochlear planar cell polarity (PCP). In addition, hearing loss can be caused by mutations of certain GPCRs, such as Vlgr1, Gpr156, S1P2 and Gpr126. And A1, A2A and CB2 activation by agonists have protective functions on noise- or drug-induced hearing loss. Here, we review the key findings of GPCR in the cochlea, and discuss the role of GPCR in the cochlea, such as stem cell fate, PCP, hearing loss, and hearing protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renjie Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) and S1P Signaling Pathway Modulators, from Current Insights to Future Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132058. [PMID: 35805142 PMCID: PMC9265592 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and S1P receptors (S1PR) are bioactive lipid molecules that are ubiquitously expressed in the human body and play an important role in the immune system. S1P-S1PR signaling has been well characterized in immune trafficking and activation in both innate and adaptive immune systems. Despite this knowledge, the full scope in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders is not well characterized yet. From the discovery of fingolimod, the first S1P modulator, until siponimod, the new molecule recently approved for the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), there has been a great advance in understanding the S1P functions and their involvement in immune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Modulation on S1P is an interesting target for the treatment of various autoimmune disorders. Improved understanding of the mechanism of action of fingolimod has allowed the development of the more selective second-generation S1PR modulators. Subtype 1 of the S1PR (S1PR1) is expressed on the cell surface of lymphocytes, which are known to play a major role in MS pathogenesis. The understanding of S1PR1’s role facilitated the development of pharmacological strategies directed to this target, and theoretically reduced the safety concerns derived from the use of fingolimod. A great advance in the MS treatment was achieved in March 2019 when the Food and Drug Association (FDA) approved Siponimod, for both active secondary progressive MS and relapsing–remitting MS. Siponimod became the first oral disease modifying therapy (DMT) specifically approved for active forms of secondary progressive MS. Additionally, for the treatment of relapsing forms of MS, ozanimod was approved by FDA in March 2020. Currently, there are ongoing trials focused on other new-generation S1PR1 modulators. This review approaches the fundamental aspects of the sphingosine phosphate modulators and their main similarities and differences.
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Lewis MA, Ingham NJ, Chen J, Pearson S, Di Domenico F, Rekhi S, Allen R, Drake M, Willaert A, Rook V, Pass J, Keane T, Adams DJ, Tucker AS, White JK, Steel KP. Identification and characterisation of spontaneous mutations causing deafness from a targeted knockout programme. BMC Biol 2022; 20:67. [PMID: 35296311 PMCID: PMC8928630 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mice carrying targeted mutations are important for investigating gene function and the role of genes in disease, but off-target mutagenic effects associated with the processes of generating targeted alleles, for instance using Crispr, and culturing embryonic stem cells, offer opportunities for spontaneous mutations to arise. Identifying spontaneous mutations relies on the detection of phenotypes segregating independently of targeted alleles, and having a broad estimate of the level of mutations generated by intensive breeding programmes is difficult given that many phenotypes are easy to miss if not specifically looked for. Here we present data from a large, targeted knockout programme in which mice were analysed through a phenotyping pipeline. Such spontaneous mutations segregating within mutant lines may confound phenotypic analyses, highlighting the importance of record-keeping and maintaining correct pedigrees. Results Twenty-five lines out of 1311 displayed different deafness phenotypes that did not segregate with the targeted allele. We observed a variety of phenotypes by Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) and behavioural assessment and isolated eight lines showing early-onset severe progressive hearing loss, later-onset progressive hearing loss, low frequency hearing loss, or complete deafness, with vestibular dysfunction. The causative mutations identified include deletions, insertions, and point mutations, some of which involve new genes not previously associated with deafness while others are new alleles of genes known to underlie hearing loss. Two of the latter show a phenotype much reduced in severity compared to other mutant alleles of the same gene. We investigated the ES cells from which these lines were derived and determined that only one of the 8 mutations could have arisen in the ES cell, and in that case, only after targeting. Instead, most of the non-segregating mutations appear to have occurred during breeding of mutant mice. In one case, the mutation arose within the wildtype colony used for expanding mutant lines. Conclusions Our data show that spontaneous mutations with observable effects on phenotype are a common side effect of intensive breeding programmes, including those underlying targeted mutation programmes. Such spontaneous mutations segregating within mutant lines may confound phenotypic analyses, highlighting the importance of record-keeping and maintaining correct pedigrees. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01257-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morag A Lewis
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England. .,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, England.
| | - Neil J Ingham
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, England
| | - Jing Chen
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, England
| | | | - Francesca Di Domenico
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England
| | - Sohinder Rekhi
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England
| | - Rochelle Allen
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England
| | - Matthew Drake
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England
| | - Annelore Willaert
- Research Group of Experimental Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Victoria Rook
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England
| | - Johanna Pass
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, England
| | - Thomas Keane
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, England
| | - David J Adams
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, England
| | - Abigail S Tucker
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, England
| | | | - Karen P Steel
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, England.,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, CB10 1SA, England
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10
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Gutner UA, Shupik MA. The Role of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Neurodegenerative Diseases. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021050277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Gray N, Limberg MM, Bräuer AU, Raap U. Novel functions of S1P in chronic itchy and inflammatory skin diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:365-372. [PMID: 34679239 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
S1P is a pleotropic sphingolipid signalling molecule that acts through binding to five high-affinity G-protein coupled receptors. S1P-signaling affects cell fate in a multitude of ways, e.g. influencing cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as playing an important role in immune cell trafficking. Though many effects of S1P-signaling in the human body have been discovered, the full range of functions is yet to be understood. For inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, evidence is emerging that dysfunction and imbalance of the S1P-axis is a contributing factor. Multiple studies investigating the efficacy of S1PR modulators in alleviating the severity and symptoms of skin conditions in various animal models and human clinical trials have shown promising results and validated the interest in the S1P-axis as a potential therapeutic target. Even though the involvement of S1P-signalling in inflammatory skin diseases still requires further clarification, the implications of the recent findings may prompt expansion of research to additional skin conditions and more S1P-axis modulatory pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gray
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Division of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - M M Limberg
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - A U Bräuer
- Division of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - U Raap
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.,Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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12
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Mammoliti O, Jansen K, El Bkassiny S, Palisse A, Triballeau N, Bucher D, Allart B, Jaunet A, Tricarico G, De Wachter M, Menet C, Blanc J, Letfus V, Rupčić R, Šmehil M, Poljak T, Coornaert B, Sonck K, Duys I, Waeckel L, Lecru L, Marsais F, Jagerschmidt C, Auberval M, Pujuguet P, Oste L, Borgonovi M, Wakselman E, Christophe T, Houvenaghel N, Jans M, Heckmann B, Sanière L, Brys R. Discovery and Optimization of Orally Bioavailable Phthalazone and Cinnolone Carboxylic Acid Derivatives as S1P2 Antagonists against Fibrotic Diseases. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14557-14586. [PMID: 34581584 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and progressive lung disease. Current treatments only slow down disease progression, making new therapeutic strategies compelling. Increasing evidence suggests that S1P2 antagonists could be effective agents against fibrotic diseases. Our compound collection was mined for molecules possessing substructure features associated with S1P2 activity. The weakly potent indole hit 6 evolved into a potent phthalazone series, bearing a carboxylic acid, with the aid of a homology model. Suboptimal pharmacokinetics of a benzimidazole subseries were improved by modifications targeting potential interactions with transporters, based on concepts deriving from the extended clearance classification system (ECCS). Scaffold hopping, as a part of a chemical enablement strategy, permitted the rapid exploration of the position adjacent to the carboxylic acid. Compound 38, with good pharmacokinetics and in vitro potency, was efficacious at 10 mg/kg BID in three different in vivo mouse models of fibrotic diseases in a therapeutic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Mammoliti
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Koen Jansen
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | | | - Adeline Palisse
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | | | - Denis Bucher
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | - Brigitte Allart
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Alex Jaunet
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | | | - Maxim De Wachter
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Christel Menet
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Javier Blanc
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Vatroslav Letfus
- Fidelta Ltd., Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 29, ZagrebHR-10000, Croatia
| | - Renata Rupčić
- Fidelta Ltd., Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 29, ZagrebHR-10000, Croatia
| | - Mario Šmehil
- Fidelta Ltd., Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 29, ZagrebHR-10000, Croatia
| | - Tanja Poljak
- Fidelta Ltd., Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 29, ZagrebHR-10000, Croatia
| | | | - Kathleen Sonck
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Inge Duys
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Ludovic Waeckel
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | - Lola Lecru
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | - Florence Marsais
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | | | - Marielle Auberval
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | - Philippe Pujuguet
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | - Line Oste
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Monica Borgonovi
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | | | | | | | - Mia Jans
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Heckmann
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | - Laurent Sanière
- Galapagos SASU, 102 avenue Gaston Roussel, 93230 Romainville, France
| | - Reginald Brys
- Galapagos NV, Generaal De Wittelaan L11 A3, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium
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13
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Cui M, Göbel V, Zhang H. Uncovering the 'sphinx' of sphingosine 1-phosphate signalling: from cellular events to organ morphogenesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 97:251-272. [PMID: 34585505 PMCID: PMC9292677 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid metabolite, functioning as a signalling molecule in diverse cellular processes. Over the past few decades, studies of S1P signalling have revealed that the physiological activity of S1P largely depends on S1P metabolizing enzymes, transporters and receptors on the plasma membrane, as well as on the intracellular proteins that S1P binds directly to. In addition to its roles in cancer signalling, immunity and inflammation, a large body of evidence has identified a close link of S1P signalling with organ morphogenesis. Here we discuss the vital role of S1P signalling in orchestrating various cellular events during organ morphogenesis through analysing each component along the extracellular and intracellular S1P signalling axes. For each component, we review advances in our understanding of S1P signalling and function from the upstream regulators to the downstream effectors and from cellular behaviours to tissue organization, primarily in the context of morphogenetic mechanisms. S1P-mediated vesicular trafficking is also discussed as a function independent of its signalling function. A picture emerges that reveals a multifaceted role of S1P-dependent pathways in the development and maintenance of organ structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiao Cui
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Verena Göbel
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, U.S.A
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China.,MoE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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14
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Lidington D, Wan H, Bolz SS. Cerebral Autoregulation in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Front Neurol 2021; 12:688362. [PMID: 34367053 PMCID: PMC8342764 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.688362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating stroke subtype with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. The poor clinical outcome can be attributed to the biphasic course of the disease: even if the patient survives the initial bleeding emergency, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) frequently follows within 2 weeks time and levies additional serious brain injury. Current therapeutic interventions do not specifically target the microvascular dysfunction underlying the ischemic event and as a consequence, provide only modest improvement in clinical outcome. SAH perturbs an extensive number of microvascular processes, including the “automated” control of cerebral perfusion, termed “cerebral autoregulation.” Recent evidence suggests that disrupted cerebral autoregulation is an important aspect of SAH-induced brain injury. This review presents the key clinical aspects of cerebral autoregulation and its disruption in SAH: it provides a mechanistic overview of cerebral autoregulation, describes current clinical methods for measuring autoregulation in SAH patients and reviews current and emerging therapeutic options for SAH patients. Recent advancements should fuel optimism that microvascular dysfunction and cerebral autoregulation can be rectified in SAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy Lidington
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hoyee Wan
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Steffen-Sebastian Bolz
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research Translational Biology and Engineering Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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S1P 2-Gα 12 Signaling Controls Astrocytic Glutamate Uptake and Mitochondrial Oxygen Consumption. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0040-21.2021. [PMID: 33893167 PMCID: PMC8287876 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0040-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the human brain. Following neurotransmission, astrocytes remove excess extracellular glutamate to prevent neurotoxicity. Glutamate neurotoxicity has been reported in multiple neurologic diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS), representing a shared neurodegenerative mechanism. A potential modulator of glutamate neurotoxicity is the bioactive lysophospholipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) that signals through five cognate G-protein-coupled receptors, S1P1-S1P5; however, a clear link between glutamate homeostasis and S1P signaling has not been established. Here, S1P receptor knock-out mice, primary astrocyte cultures, and receptor-selective chemical tools were used to examine the effects of S1P on glutamate uptake. S1P inhibited astrocytic glutamate uptake in a dose-dependent manner and increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption, primarily through S1P2 Primary cultures of wild-type mouse astrocytes expressed S1P1,2,3 transcripts, and selective deletion of S1P1 and/or S1P3 in cerebral cortical astrocytes, did not alter S1P-mediated, dose-dependent inhibition of glutamate uptake. Pharmacological antagonists, S1P2-null astrocytes, and Gα12 hemizygous-null astrocytes indicated that S1P2-Gα12-Rho/ROCK signaling was primarily responsible for the S1P-dependent inhibition of glutamate uptake. In addition, S1P exposure increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) in wild-type astrocytes and reduced OCRs in S1P2-null astrocytes, implicating receptor selective metabolic consequences of S1P-mediated glutamate uptake inhibition. Astrocytic S1P-S1P2 signaling increased extracellular glutamate, which could contribute to neurotoxicity. This effect was not observed with the FDA-approved S1P receptor modulators, siponimod and fingolimod. Development and use of S1P2-selective antagonists may provide a new approach to reduce glutamate neurotoxicity in neurologic diseases.
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16
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Zhu N, Zhang C, Prakash A, Hou Z, Liu W, She W, Morris A, Sik Kim K. Therapeutic development of group B Streptococcus meningitis by targeting a host cell signaling network involving EGFR. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e12651. [PMID: 33474818 PMCID: PMC7933950 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) remains the most common Gram-positive bacterium causing neonatal meningitis and GBS meningitis continues to be an important cause of mortality and morbidity. In this study, we showed that GBS penetration into the brain occurred initially in the meningeal and cortex capillaries, and exploits a defined host cell signaling network comprised of S1P2 , EGFR, and CysLT1. GBS exploitation of such network in penetration of the blood-brain barrier was demonstrated by targeting S1P2 , EGFR, and CysLT1 using pharmacological inhibition, gene knockout and knockdown cells, and gene knockout animals, as well as interrogation of the network (up- and downstream of each other). More importantly, counteracting such targets as a therapeutic adjunct to antibiotic therapy was beneficial in improving the outcome of animals with GBS meningitis. These findings indicate that investigating GBS penetration of the blood-brain barrier provides a novel approach for therapeutic development of GBS meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyu Zhu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Chengxian Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Atish Prakash
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Zheng Hou
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Wei Liu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Weifeng She
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Andrew Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular MedicineThe Gill Heart InstituteUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA
| | - Kwang Sik Kim
- Division of Pediatric Infectious DiseasesJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
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17
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Cruz RA, Hogan N, Sconzert J, Sconzert M, Major EO, Lisak RP, Melamed E, Varkey TC, Meltzer E, Goodman A, Komogortsev O, Parsons MS, Costello K, Graves JS, Newsome S, Zamvil SS, Frohman EM, Frohman TC. Treating MS after surviving PML: Discrete strategies for rescue, remission, and recovery patient 2: From the National Multiple Sclerosis Society Case Conference Proceedings. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2020; 8:8/1/e930. [PMID: 33434885 PMCID: PMC7803334 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Alejandro Cruz
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Nick Hogan
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Jayne Sconzert
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Megan Sconzert
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Eugene O Major
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Robert P Lisak
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Esther Melamed
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Thomas C Varkey
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Ethan Meltzer
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Andrew Goodman
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Oleg Komogortsev
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Matthew S Parsons
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Kathleen Costello
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Jennifer S Graves
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Scott Newsome
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin
| | - Elliot M Frohman
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin.
| | - Teresa C Frohman
- From the Department of Neurology (R.A.C., E. Melamed, T.C.V., E. Meltzer), Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin; Department of Ophthalmology (N.H.), University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas; Wellness Care Centers and Pediatric Rehabilitation (J.S.), Denton, TX; Ascension Seton Medical Center (M.S.), Austin, TX; National Institutes of Health (E.O.M.), Bethesda, MD; Departments of Neurology, and Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology (R.P.L.), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; Colangelo College of Business (T.C.V.), Grand Canyon University, Phoenix, AZ; Department of Neurology (A.G.), University of Rochester, NY; Department of Computer Science (O.K.), Texas State University, San Marcos; Division of Microbiology and Immunology (M.S.P.), Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (M.S.P.), Emory University, Atlanta, GA; The National Multiple Sclerosis Society (K.C.), New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.S.G.), University of California at San Diego; Department of Neurology (S.N.), Johns Hopkins Hospital, Bethesda, MD; Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology (S.S.Z.), University of California, San Francisco; andDepartments of Neurology, Ophthalmology & Neurosurgery (E.M.F., T.C.F.), Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin.
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Park SJ, Im DS. Blockage of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 attenuates 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2020; 41:1487-1496. [PMID: 32457418 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and its receptors have been implicated in functions of Langerhans cells and atopic dermatitis. In this study, we investigated the roles of S1P receptor type 2 (S1P2) in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis, which was induced by topical application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) on ventral skin on D0, followed by repeated DNCB challenge on both ears from D7 to D49. Wild-type mice with atopic dermatitis displayed severe inflammation and mast cell accumulation in ear tissues and elevated IgE levels in serum. Furthermore, the mice showed significantly increased sizes of draining lymph nodes, high levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, and IFN-γ) in the ears and lymph nodes and high levels of chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 in ears. Administration of JTE-013, a selective antagonist of S1P2 (3 mg/kg, i.p, from D19 to D49) before DNCB challenge significantly suppressed DNCB-induced atopic responses in ears and lymph nodes. JTE-013 administration also significantly decreased the lymph nodes sizes, the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, and IFN-γ) in the ears and lymph nodes, and the levels of chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 in ears. Furthermore, the inflammatory responses of atopic dermatitis were greatly ameliorated in S1pr2 gene-deficient mice. As CCL17 and CCL22 are CCR4 ligands, acting as Th2-attracting chemokines, we investigated CCL17 and CCL22 expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) from wild-type and S1pr2 gene-deficient mice. Addition of IL-4 (10 ng/mL) markedly increased the levels of CCL17 and CCL22, but IL-4-induced CCL17 and CCL22 expression was significantly blunted in BMDCs from S1pr2 gene-deficient mice. Furthermore, pretreatment with JTE-013 (1-30 μM) dose-dependently suppressed this induction in BMDCs from wild-type mice. Our results demonstrate that blockage of S1P2 ameliorates not only DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis symptoms but also Th2 cell-attracting capacity of dendritic cells, suggesting S1P2 as a potential therapeutic target for atopic dermatitis.
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Obinata H, Hla T. Sphingosine 1-phosphate and inflammation. Int Immunol 2020; 31:617-625. [PMID: 31049553 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractSphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a sphingolipid mediator, regulates various cellular functions via high-affinity G protein-coupled receptors, S1P1-5. The S1P-S1P receptor signaling system plays important roles in lymphocyte trafficking and maintenance of vascular integrity, thus contributing to the regulation of complex inflammatory processes. S1P is enriched in blood and lymph while maintained low in intracellular or interstitial fluids, creating a steep S1P gradient that is utilized to facilitate efficient egress of lymphocytes from lymphoid organs. Blockage of the S1P-S1P receptor signaling system results in a marked decrease in circulating lymphocytes because of a failure of lymphocyte egress from lymphoid organs. This provides a basis of immunomodulatory drugs targeting S1P1 receptor such as FTY720, an immunosuppressive drug approved in 2010 as the first oral treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The S1P-S1P receptor signaling system also plays important roles in maintenance of vascular integrity since it suppresses sprouting angiogenesis and regulates vascular permeability. Dysfunction of the S1P-S1P receptor signaling system results in various vascular defects, such as exaggerated angiogenesis in developing retina and augmented inflammation due to increased permeability. Endothelial-specific deletion of S1P1 receptor in mice fed high-fat diet leads to increased formation of atherosclerotic lesions. This review highlights the importance of the S1P-S1P receptor signaling system in inflammatory processes. We also describe our recent findings regarding a specific S1P chaperone, apolipoprotein M, that anchors to high-density lipoprotein and contributes to shaping the endothelial-protective and anti-inflammatory properties of high-density lipoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideru Obinata
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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20
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Stepanovska B, Huwiler A. Targeting the S1P receptor signaling pathways as a promising approach for treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 154:104170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Zhang L, Dong Y, Wang Y, Hu W, Dong S, Chen Y. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors: Promising drug targets for treating bone-related diseases. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4389-4401. [PMID: 32155312 PMCID: PMC7176849 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a natural bioactive lipid molecule and a common first or second messenger in the cardiovascular and immune systems. By binding with its receptors, S1P can serve as mediator of signalling during cell migration, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. Although the predominant role of S1P in bone regeneration has been noted in many studies, this role is not as well-known as its roles in the cardiovascular and immune systems. In this review, we summarize previous research on the role of S1P receptors (S1PRs) in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. In addition, S1P is regarded as a bridge between bone resorption and formation, which brings hope to patients with bone-related diseases. Finally, we discuss S1P and its receptors as therapeutic targets for treating osteoporosis, inflammatory osteolysis and bone metastasis based on the biological effects of S1P in osteoclastic/osteoblastic cells, immune cells and tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lincheng Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Battalion One of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yutong Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Battalion One of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wenhui Hu
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yueqi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Potential sphingosine-1-phosphate-related therapeutic targets in the treatment of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Life Sci 2020; 249:117542. [PMID: 32169519 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid that regulates lymphocyte trafficking, glial cell activation, vasoconstriction, endothelial barrier function, and neuronal death pathways in the brain. Research has increasingly implicated S1P in the pathology of cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. As a high-affinity agonist of S1P receptor, fingolimod exhibits excellent neuroprotective effects against ischemic challenge both in vivo and in vitro. By summarizing recent progress on how S1P participates in the development of brain IR injury, this review identifies potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of brain IR injury.
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Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Induces Otoprotective Responses to Cisplatin Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010211. [PMID: 31952197 PMCID: PMC7016659 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ototoxicity is a major adverse effect of platinum-based chemotherapeutics and currently, there remains a lack of United States Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies to prevent or treat this problem. In our study, we examined the role of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2) in attenuating cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in several different animal models and cell lines. We found that ototoxicity in S1P2 knockout mice is dependent on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and that S1P2 receptor activation with a specific agonist, CYM-5478, significantly attenuates cisplatin-induced defects, including hair cell degeneration in zebrafish and prolonged auditory brainstem response latency in rats. We also evaluated the cytoprotective effect of CYM-5478 across different cell lines and showed that CYM-5478 protects neural-derived cell lines but not breast cancer cells against cisplatin toxicity. We show that this selective protection of CYM-5478 is due to its differential effects on key regulators of apoptosis between neural cells and breast cancer cells. Overall, our study suggests that targeting the S1P2 receptor represents a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in cancer patients.
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Farooq R, Hussain K, Tariq M, Farooq A, Mustafa M. CRISPR/Cas9: targeted genome editing for the treatment of hereditary hearing loss. J Appl Genet 2020; 61:51-65. [PMID: 31912450 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-019-00535-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary hearing loss (HHL) is a neurosensory disorder that affects every 1/500 newborns worldwide and nearly 1/3 people over the age of 65. Congenital deafness is inherited as monogenetic or polygenic disorder. The delicacy, tissue heterogeneity, deep location of the inner ear down the brainstem, and minute quantity of cells present in cochlea are the major challenges for current therapeutic approaches to cure deafness. Targeted genome editing is considered a suitable approach to treat HHL since it can target defective molecular components of auditory transduction to restore normal cochlear function. With the advent of CRISPR/Cas9 technique, targeted genome editing and biomedical research have been revolutionized. The robustness and simplicity of this technology lie in its design and delivery methods. It can directly deliver a complex of Cas9 endonuclease and single guide RNA (sgRNA) into zygote using either vector-mediated stable transfection or transient delivery of ribonucleoproteins complexes. This strategy induces DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) at target site followed by endogenous DNA repairing mechanisms of the cell. CRISPR/Cas9 has been successfully used in model animals to edit hearing genes like calcium and integrin-binding protein 2, myosin VIIA, Xin-actin binding repeat containing 2, leucine-zipper and sterile-alpha motif kinase Zak, epiphycan, transmembrane channel-like protein 1, and cadherin 23. This review discusses the utility of lipid-mediated transient delivery of Cas9/sgRNA complexes, an efficient way to restore hearing in humans, suffering from HHL. Notwithstanding, challenges like PAM requirement, HDR efficiency, off-target activity, and optimized delivery systems need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimsha Farooq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khadim Hussain
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) College Faisalabad, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Farooq
- Primary and Secondary Healthcare Department, Lahore, Government of Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mustafa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Forman Christian College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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25
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Activation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 attenuates chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. J Biol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)49922-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Wang W, Xiang P, Chew WS, Torta F, Bandla A, Lopez V, Seow WL, Lam BWS, Chang JK, Wong P, Chayaburakul K, Ong WY, Wenk MR, Sundar R, Herr DR. Activation of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 attenuates chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. J Biol Chem 2019; 295:1143-1152. [PMID: 31882542 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based therapeutics are used to manage many forms of cancer, but frequently result in peripheral neuropathy. Currently, the only option available to attenuate chemotherapy-induced neuropathy is to limit or discontinue this treatment. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid-based signaling molecule involved in neuroinflammatory processes by interacting with its five cognate receptors: S1P1-5 In this study, using a combination of drug pharmacodynamic analysis in human study participants, disease modeling in rodents, and cell-based assays, we examined whether S1P signaling may represent a potential target in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. To this end, we first investigated the effects of platinum-based drugs on plasma S1P levels in human cancer patients. Our analysis revealed that oxaliplatin treatment specifically increases one S1P species, d16:1 S1P, in these patients. Although d16:1 S1P is an S1P2 agonist, it has lower potency than the most abundant S1P species (d18:1 S1P). Therefore, as d16:1 S1P concentration increases, it is likely to disproportionately activate proinflammatory S1P1 signaling, shifting the balance away from S1P2 We further show that a selective S1P2 agonist, CYM-5478, reduces allodynia in a rat model of cisplatin-induced neuropathy and attenuates the associated inflammatory processes in the dorsal root ganglia, likely by activating stress-response proteins, including ATF3 and HO-1. Cumulatively, the findings of our study suggest that the development of a specific S1P2 agonist may represent a promising therapeutic approach for the management of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Ping Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Wee Siong Chew
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Aishwarya Bandla
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077
| | - Violeta Lopez
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Wei Lun Seow
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Brenda Wan Shing Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Jing Kai Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Peiyan Wong
- Neuroscience Phenotyping Core, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | | | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228.,Neurobiology and Ageing Research Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Raghav Sundar
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077 .,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228.,Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Health System, Singapore 119074
| | - Deron R Herr
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228 .,Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182
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Weske S, Vaidya M, von Wnuck Lipinski K, Keul P, Manthe K, Burkhart C, Haberhauer G, Heusch G, Levkau B. Agonist-induced activation of the S1P receptor 2 constitutes a novel osteoanabolic therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis in mice. Bone 2019; 125:1-7. [PMID: 31028959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Osteoporosis is a worldwide epidemic but pharmacological agents to stimulate new bone formation are scarce. We have shown that increasing tissue levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) by blocking its degradation by the S1P lyase has pronounced osteoanabolic effect in mouse osteoporosis models by stimulating osteoblast differentiation through the S1P receptor 2 (S1P2). However, S1P lyase inhibitors have side effects complicating potential clinical use. Here, we tested whether direct S1P2 engagement by the S1P2 agonist CYM5520 exerted osteoanabolic potential in estrogen deficiency-induced osteopenia in mice. We compared its efficacy to LX2931, a novel S1P lyase inhibitor currently tested in rheumatoid arthritis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH CYM5520, LX2931 or vehicle were administered to ovariectomized mice for 6 weeks beginning 5 weeks after ovariectomy, Bone mass, cellular composition and mechanical strength were assessed by microCT, histomorphometry and three point bending tests. Plasma markers of bone metabolism were analyzed by ELISA. KEY RESULTS Therapeutic treatment with CYM5520 and LX2931 clearly increased long bone and vertebral bone mass to impressive 3-5 fold over vehicle in osteopenic ovariectomized mice. As expected, lymphopenia was a side effect of LX2931, whereas none occurred with CYM5520. Consistent with an osteoanabolic effect, CYM5520 increased osteoblast number, osteoid surface and alkaline phosphatase area 2-3 fold over vehicle. Plasma concentrations of the osteoanabolic marker procollagen I C-terminal propeptide were also elevated by CYM5520 and LX2931. LX2931 but not yet CYM5520 increased cortical thickness and mechanical strength without affecting mineral density. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Treatment with a pharmacological S1P2 agonist corrected ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in mice by inducing new bone formation thus constituting a novel osteoanabolic approach to osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Weske
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Mithila Vaidya
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | - Petra Keul
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Kristina Manthe
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Gerd Heusch
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Bodo Levkau
- Institute for Pathophysiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
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Park SJ, Im DS. Deficiency of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 (S1P 2) Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:318-326. [PMID: 30293251 PMCID: PMC6513183 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2018.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) levels are often found to be elevated in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung tissue of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and experimental mouse models. Although the roles of sphingosine kinase 1 and S1P receptors have been implicated in fibrosis, the underlying mechanism of fibrosis via Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2) has not been fully investigated. Therefore, in this study, the roles of S1P2 in lung inflammation and fibrosis was investigated by means of a bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model and lung epithelial cells. Bleomycin was found to induce lung inflammation on day 7 and fibrosis on day 28 of treatment. On the 7th day after bleomycin administration, S1P2 deficient mice exhibited significantly less pulmonary inflammation, including cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokine induction, than the wild type mice. On the 28th day after bleomycin treatment, severe inflammation and fibrosis were observed in lung tissues from wild type mice, while lung tissues from S1P2 deficient mice showed less inflammation and fibrosis. Increase in TGF-β1-induced extracellular matrix accumulation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition were inhibited by JTE-013, a S1P2 antagonist, in A549 lung epithelial cells. Taken together, pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic functions of S1P2 were elucidated using a bleomycin-induced fibrosis model. Notably, S1P2 was found to mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in fibrotic responses. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that S1P2 could be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Park
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Ingham NJ, Pearson SA, Vancollie VE, Rook V, Lewis MA, Chen J, Buniello A, Martelletti E, Preite L, Lam CC, Weiss FD, Powis Z, Suwannarat P, Lelliott CJ, Dawson SJ, White JK, Steel KP. Mouse screen reveals multiple new genes underlying mouse and human hearing loss. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000194. [PMID: 30973865 PMCID: PMC6459510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-onset hearing loss is very common, but we know little about the underlying molecular pathogenesis impeding the development of therapies. We took a genetic approach to identify new molecules involved in hearing loss by screening a large cohort of newly generated mouse mutants using a sensitive electrophysiological test, the auditory brainstem response (ABR). We review here the findings from this screen. Thirty-eight unexpected genes associated with raised thresholds were detected from our unbiased sample of 1,211 genes tested, suggesting extreme genetic heterogeneity. A wide range of auditory pathophysiologies was found, and some mutant lines showed normal development followed by deterioration of responses, revealing new molecular pathways involved in progressive hearing loss. Several of the genes were associated with the range of hearing thresholds in the human population and one, SPNS2, was involved in childhood deafness. The new pathways required for maintenance of hearing discovered by this screen present new therapeutic opportunities. This study uses an electrophysiological screen of over a thousand new mutant mouse lines to identify 38 new genes underlying deafness, some associated with human hearing function, revealing a wide range of molecular and pathological mechanisms. Progressive hearing loss with age is extremely common in the population, leading to difficulties in understanding speech, increased social isolation, and associated depression. We know it has a significant heritability, but so far we know very little about the molecular pathways leading to hearing loss, hampering the development of treatments. Here, we describe a large-scale screen of 1,211 new targeted mouse mutant lines, resulting in the identification of 38 genes underlying hearing loss that were not previously suspected of involvement in hearing. Some of these genes reveal molecular pathways that may be useful targets for drug development. Our further analysis of the genes identified and the varied pathological mechanisms within the ear resulting from the mutations suggests that hearing loss is an extremely heterogeneous disorder and may have as many as 1,000 genes involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J. Ingham
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Victoria Rook
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Morag A. Lewis
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Chen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Buniello
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Martelletti
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Preite
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chi Chung Lam
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Felix D. Weiss
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zӧe Powis
- Department of Emerging Genetics Medicine, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, California, United States of America
| | - Pim Suwannarat
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Sally J. Dawson
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karen P. Steel
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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30
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Wang X, Zhang J, Li G, Sai N, Han J, Hou Z, Kachelmeier A, Shi X. Vascular regeneration in adult mouse cochlea stimulated by VEGF-A 165 and driven by NG2-derived cells ex vivo. Hear Res 2019; 377:179-188. [PMID: 30954884 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Can damaged or degenerated vessels be regenerated in the ear? The question is clinically important, as disruption of cochlear blood flow is seen in a wide variety of hearing disorders, including in loud sound-induced hearing loss (endothelial injury), ageing-related hearing loss (lost vascular density), and genetic hearing loss (e.g., Norrie disease: strial avascularization). Progression in cochlear blood flow (CBF) pathology can parallel progression in hair cell and hearing loss. However, neither new vessel growth in the ear, nor the role of angiogenesis in hearing, have been investigated. In this study, we used an established ex vivo tissue explant model in conjunction with a matrigel matrix model to demonstrate for the first time that new vessels can be generated by activating a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) signal. Most intriguingly, we found that the pattern of the newly formed vessels resembles the natural 'mesh pattern' of in situ strial vessels, with both lumen and expression of tight junctions. Sphigosine-1-phosphate (S1P) in synergy with VEGF-A control new vessel size and growth. Using transgenic neural/glial antigen 2 (NG2) fluorescent reporter mice, we have furthermore discovered that the progenitors of "de novo" strial vessels are NG2-derived cells. Taken together, our data demonstrates that damaged strial microvessels can be regenerated by reprogramming NG2-derived angiogenic cells. Restoration of the functional vasculature may be critical for recovery of vascular dysfunction related hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wang
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA; Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Guangshuai Li
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Na Sai
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Jiang Han
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Hou
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Allan Kachelmeier
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Xiaorui Shi
- Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology / Head & Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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Park SJ, Im DS. Blockage of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 attenuates allergic asthma in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:938-949. [PMID: 30706444 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sphingosine-1-phosphate 2 (S1P2 ) receptors have been implicated in degranulation of mast cells. However, functions of S1P2 receptors have not been investigated in an in vivo model of allergic asthma. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model, the function of S1P2 receptors was evaluated in S1P2 -deficient mice or in mice treated with JTE-013, a selective S1P2 antagonist. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) were used to investigate the roles of S1P2 receptors in dendritic cell maturation and migration. KEY RESULTS Eosinophil accumulation and elevated Th2 cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and inflamed lung tissues were strongly inhibited by administration of JTE-013 before OVA sensitization, before OVA challenge, and before both events. In S1P2 -deficient mice, allergic responses were significantly lower than in wild-type mice. LPS- and OVA-induced maturation of BMDCs was significantly blunted in dendritic cells from S1P2 -deficient mice and by treatment with JTE-013. Migrations of immature and mature BMDCs were also dependent on S1P2 receptors. It was found that OVA-challenged mice into which in vitro OVA primed BMDCs from S1P2 -deficient mice were adoptively transferred, had less severe asthma responses than OVA-challenged mice into which OVA-primed BMDCs from wild-type mice were adoptively transferred. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Pro-allergic functions of S1P2 receptors were elucidated in a murine asthma model. S1P2 receptors were involved not only in maturation and migration of dendritic cells in the sensitization phase but also in mast cell degranulation in the challenge phase. These results suggest S1P2 receptor as a therapeutic target for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jin Park
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Molecular Inflammation Research Center for Aging Intervention (MRCA) and College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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32
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The Role of Ceramide and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:5436-5455. [PMID: 30612333 PMCID: PMC6614129 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1448-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive sphingolipids-ceramide, sphingosine, and their respective 1-phosphates (C1P and S1P)-are signaling molecules serving as intracellular second messengers. Moreover, S1P acts through G protein-coupled receptors in the plasma membrane. Accumulating evidence points to sphingolipids' engagement in brain aging and in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Metabolic alterations observed in the course of neurodegeneration favor ceramide-dependent pro-apoptotic signaling, while the levels of the neuroprotective S1P are reduced. These trends are observed early in the diseases' development, suggesting causal relationship. Mechanistic evidence has shown links between altered ceramide/S1P rheostat and the production, secretion, and aggregation of amyloid β/α-synuclein as well as signaling pathways of critical importance for the pathomechanism of protein conformation diseases. Sphingolipids influence multiple aspects of Akt/protein kinase B signaling, a pathway that regulates metabolism, stress response, and Bcl-2 family proteins. The cross-talk between sphingolipids and transcription factors including NF-κB, FOXOs, and AP-1 may be also important for immune regulation and cell survival/death. Sphingolipids regulate exosomes and other secretion mechanisms that can contribute to either the spread of neurotoxic proteins between brain cells, or their clearance. Recent discoveries also suggest the importance of intracellular and exosomal pools of small regulatory RNAs in the creation of disturbed signaling environment in the diseased brain. The identified interactions of bioactive sphingolipids urge for their evaluation as potential therapeutic targets. Moreover, the early disturbances in sphingolipid metabolism may deliver easily accessible biomarkers of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Sphingosine 1-phosphate-mediated activation of ezrin-radixin-moesin proteins contributes to cytoskeletal remodeling and changes of membrane properties in epithelial otic vesicle progenitors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:554-565. [PMID: 30611767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hearing loss is among the most prevalent sensory impairments in humans. Cochlear implantable devices represent the current therapies for hearing loss but have various shortcomings. ERM (ezrin- radixin -moesin) are a family of adaptor proteins that link plasma membrane with actin cytoskeleton, playing a crucial role in cell morphology and in the formation of membrane protrusions. Recently, bioactive sphingolipids have emerged as regulators of ERM proteins. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic sphingolipid which regulates fundamental cellular functions such as proliferation, survival, migration as well as processes such as development and inflammation mainly via ligation to its specific receptors S1PR (S1P1-5). Experimental findings demonstrate a key role for S1P signaling axis in the maintenance of auditory function. Preservation of cellular junctions is a fundamental function both for S1P and ERM proteins, crucial for the maintenance of cochlear integrity. In the present work, S1P was found to activate ERM in a S1P2-dependent manner in murine auditory epithelial progenitors US/VOT-E36. S1P-induced ERM activation potently contributed to actin cytoskeletal remodeling and to the appearance of ionic currents and membrane passive properties changes typical of more differentiated cells. Moreover, PKC and Akt activation was found to mediate S1P-induced ERM phosphorylation. The obtained findings contribute to demonstrate the role of S1P signaling pathway in inner ear biology and to disclose potential innovative therapeutical approaches in the field of hearing loss prevention and treatment.
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Bile Acid-Activated Receptors: GPBAR1 (TGR5) and Other G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 256:19-49. [PMID: 31302759 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The BA-responsive GPCRs S1PR2 and TGR5 are almost ubiquitously expressed in human and rodent tissues. In the liver, S1PR2 is expressed in all cell types, while TGR5 is predominately found in non-parenchymal cells. In contrast to S1PR2, which is mainly activated by conjugated bile acids (BAs), all BAs serve as ligands for TGR5 irrespective of their conjugation state and substitution pattern.Mice with targeted deletion of either S1PR2 or TGR5 are viable and develop no overt phenotype. In liver injury models, S1PR2 exerts pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic effects and thus aggravates liver damage, while TGR5 mediates anti-inflammatory, anti-cholestatic, and anti-fibrotic effects. Thus, inhibitors of S1PR2 signaling and agonists for TGR5 have been employed to attenuate liver injury in rodent models for cholestasis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and fibrosis/cirrhosis.In biliary epithelial cells, both receptors activate a similar signaling cascade resulting in ERK1/2 phosphorylation and cell proliferation. Overexpression of both S1PR2 and TGR5 was found in human cholangiocarcinoma tissue as well as in CCA cell lines, where stimulation of both GPCRs resulted in transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and triggered cell proliferation as well as increased cell migration and invasiveness.This chapter will focus on the function of S1PR2 and TGR5 in different liver cell types and summarizes current knowledge on the role of these receptors in liver disease models.
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35
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Cordeiro AV, Silva VRR, Pauli JR, da Silva ASR, Cintra DE, Moura LP, Ropelle ER. The role of sphingosine-1-phosphate in skeletal muscle: Physiology, mechanisms, and clinical perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10047-10059. [PMID: 30523638 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids were discovered more than a century ago and were simply considered as a class of cell membrane lipids for a long time. However, after the discovery of several intracellular functions and their role in the control of many physiological and pathophysiological conditions, these molecules have gained much attention. For instance, the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a circulating bioactive sphingolipid capable of triggering strong intracellular reactions through the family of S1P receptors (S1PRs) spread in several cell types and tissues. Recently, the role of S1P in the control of skeletal muscle metabolism, atrophy, regeneration, and metabolic disorders has been widely investigated. In this review, we summarized the knowledge of S1P and its effects in skeletal muscle metabolism, highlighting the role of S1P/S1PRs axis in skeletal muscle regeneration, fatigue, ceramide accumulation, and insulin resistance. Finally, we discussed the physical exercise role in S1P/S1PRs signaling in skeletal muscle cells, and how this nonpharmacological strategy may be prospective for future investigations due to its ability to increase S1P levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- André V Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vagner R R Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Applied Sciences, Center of Research in Sport Sciences (CEPECE), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelino S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dennys E Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics (LabGeN), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro P Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Applied Sciences, Center of Research in Sport Sciences (CEPECE), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise (LaBMEx), School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Applied Sciences, Center of Research in Sport Sciences (CEPECE), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Porter H, Qi H, Prabhu N, Grambergs R, McRae J, Hopiavuori B, Mandal N. Characterizing Sphingosine Kinases and Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptors in the Mammalian Eye and Retina. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123885. [PMID: 30563056 PMCID: PMC6321283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) signaling regulates numerous biological processes including neurogenesis, inflammation and neovascularization. However, little is known about the role of S1P signaling in the eye. In this study, we characterize two sphingosine kinases (SPHK1 and SPHK2), which phosphorylate sphingosine to S1P, and three S1P receptors (S1PR1, S1PR2 and S1PR3) in mouse and rat eyes. We evaluated sphingosine kinase and S1P receptor gene expression at the mRNA level in various rat tissues and rat retinas exposed to light-damage, whole mouse eyes, specific eye structures, and in developing retinas. Furthermore, we determined the localization of sphingosine kinases and S1P receptors in whole rat eyes by immunohistochemistry. Our results unveiled unique expression profiles for both sphingosine kinases and each receptor in ocular tissues. Furthermore, these kinases and S1P receptors are expressed in mammalian retinal cells and the expression of SPHK1, S1PR2 and S1PR3 increased immediately after light damage, which suggests a function in apoptosis and/or light stress responses in the eye. These findings have numerous implications for understanding the role of S1P signaling in the mechanisms of ocular diseases such as retinal inflammatory and degenerative diseases, neovascular eye diseases, glaucoma and corneal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Porter
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Hui Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Nicole Prabhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Richard Grambergs
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Joel McRae
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Blake Hopiavuori
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Nawajes Mandal
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Abstract
Sphingosine kinases (SK1 and SK2) are key, druggable targets within the sphingolipid metabolism pathway that promote tumor growth and pathologic inflammation. A variety of isozyme-selective and dual inhibitors of SK1 and SK2 have been described in the literature, and at least one compound has reached clinical testing in cancer patients. In this chapter, we will review the rationale for targeting SKs and summarize the preclinical and emerging clinical data for ABC294640 as the first-in-class selective inhibitor of SK2.
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Bertlich M, Ihler F, Weiss BG, Freytag S, Strupp M, Canis M. Cochlear Pericytes Are Capable of Reversibly Decreasing Capillary Diameter In Vivo After Tumor Necrosis Factor Exposure. Otol Neurotol 2018; 38:e545-e550. [PMID: 29135875 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000001523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its neutralization with etanercept on the capability of cochlear pericytes to alter capillary diameter in the stria vascularis. METHODS Twelve Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Each group was treated either with placebo and then placebo, TNF and then placebo, or TNF and then etanercept. Cochlear pericytes were visualized using diaminofluorescein-2-diacetate and intravasal blood flow by fluorescein-dextrane. Vessel diameter at sites of pericyte somas and downstream controls were quantified by specialized software. Values were obtained before treatment, after first treatment with tumor necrosis factor or placebo and after second treatment with etanercept or placebo. RESULTS Overall, 199 pericytes in 12 animals were visualized. After initial treatment with TNF, a significant decrease in vessel diameter at sites of pericyte somas (3.6 ±4.3%, n = 141) compared with placebo and downstream controls was observed. After initial treatment with TNF, the application of etanercept caused a significant increase (3.3 ±5.5%, n = 59) in vessel diameter at the sites of pericyte somata compared with placebo and downstream controls. CONCLUSION We have been able to show that cochlear pericytes are capable of reducing capillary diameter after exposition to TNF. Moreover, the reduction in capillary diameter observed after the application of TNF is revertible after neutralization of tumor necrosis factor by the application of etanercept. It seems that contraction of cochlear pericytes contributes to the regulation of cochlear blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattis Bertlich
- *Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany †Population Health and Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute ‡Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia §Department of Neurology, Munich University Hospital, Munich, Germany
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Hofrichter MAH, Mojarad M, Doll J, Grimm C, Eslahi A, Hosseini NS, Rajati M, Müller T, Dittrich M, Maroofian R, Haaf T, Vona B. The conserved p.Arg108 residue in S1PR2 (DFNB68) is fundamental for proper hearing: evidence from a consanguineous Iranian family. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:81. [PMID: 29776397 PMCID: PMC5960148 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0598-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic heterogeneity and consanguineous marriages make recessive inherited hearing loss in Iran the second most common genetic disorder. Only two reported pathogenic variants (c.323G>C, p.Arg108Pro and c.419A>G, p.Tyr140Cys) in the S1PR2 gene have previously been linked to autosomal recessive hearing loss (DFNB68) in two Pakistani families. We describe a segregating novel homozygous c.323G>A, p.Arg108Gln pathogenic variant in S1PR2 that was identified in four affected individuals from a consanguineous five generation Iranian family. METHODS Whole exome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of 116 hearing loss-associated genes was performed in an affected individual from a five generation Iranian family. Segregation analysis and 3D protein modeling of the p.Arg108 exchange was performed. RESULTS The two Pakistani families previously identified with S1PR2 pathogenic variants presented profound hearing loss that is also observed in the affected Iranian individuals described in the current study. Interestingly, we confirmed mixed hearing loss in one affected individual. 3D protein modeling suggests that the p.Arg108 position plays a key role in ligand receptor interaction, which is disturbed by the p.Arg108Gln change. CONCLUSION In summary, we report the third overall mutation in S1PR2 and the first report outside the Pakistani population. Furthermore, we describe a novel variant that causes an amino acid exchange (p.Arg108Gln) in the same amino acid residue as one of the previously reported Pakistani families (p.Arg108Pro). This finding emphasizes the importance of the p.Arg108 amino acid in normal hearing and confirms and consolidates the role of S1PR2 in autosomal recessive hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Mojarad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Julia Doll
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Grimm
- Department of Biochemistry, Biocenter, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Atiye Eslahi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neda Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rajati
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ghaem Educational Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tobias Müller
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Reza Maroofian
- Genetics and Molecular Cell Sciences Research Centre, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE UK
| | - Thomas Haaf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Vona
- Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg, Germany
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Lidington D, Kroetsch JT, Bolz SS. Cerebral artery myogenic reactivity: The next frontier in developing effective interventions for subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2018; 38:17-37. [PMID: 29135346 PMCID: PMC5757446 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17742548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating cerebral event that kills or debilitates the majority of those afflicted. The blood that spills into the subarachnoid space stimulates profound cerebral artery vasoconstriction and consequently, cerebral ischemia. Thus, once the initial bleeding in SAH is appropriately managed, the clinical focus shifts to maintaining/improving cerebral perfusion. However, current therapeutic interventions largely fail to improve clinical outcome, because they do not effectively restore normal cerebral artery function. This review discusses emerging evidence that perturbed cerebrovascular "myogenic reactivity," a crucial microvascular process that potently dictates cerebral perfusion, is the critical element underlying cerebral ischemia in SAH. In fact, the myogenic mechanism could be the reason why many therapeutic interventions, including "Triple H" therapy, fail to deliver benefit to patients. Understanding the molecular basis for myogenic reactivity changes in SAH holds the key to develop more effective therapeutic interventions; indeed, promising recent advancements fuel optimism that vascular dysfunction in SAH can be corrected to improve outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy Lidington
- 1 Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,2 Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at TBEP, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T Kroetsch
- 1 Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,2 Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at TBEP, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Steffen-Sebastian Bolz
- 1 Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,2 Toronto Centre for Microvascular Medicine at TBEP, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,3 Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Excellence for Cardiovascular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Dash RP, Srinivas NR, Rais R. A review of bioanalytical quantitative methods for selected sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjeet Prasad Dash
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery Program; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Neurology; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland USA
| | | | - Rana Rais
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery Program; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland USA
- Department of Neurology; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore Maryland USA
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Hanada Y, Nakamura Y, Ishida Y, Takimoto Y, Taniguchi M, Ozono Y, Koyama Y, Morihana T, Imai T, Ota Y, Sato T, Inohara H, Shimada S. Epiphycan is specifically expressed in cochlear supporting cells and is necessary for normal hearing. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 492:379-385. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced Decrease of Cochlear Blood Flow Can Be Reversed by Etanercept or JTE-013. Otol Neurotol 2017; 37:e203-8. [PMID: 27295443 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000001095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS This study aimed to quantify the effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor Etanercept and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 antagonist JTE-013 on cochlear blood flow in guinea pigs after TNF-induced decrease. BACKGROUND Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is a common cause for disability and reduced quality of life. Good understanding of the pathophysiology and strong evidence-based therapy concepts are still missing. In various inner ear disorders, inflammation and impairment of cochlear blood flow (CBF) have been considered factors in the pathophysiology. A central mediator of inflammation and microcirculation in the cochlea is TNF. S1P acts downstream in one TNF pathway. METHODS Cochlea lateral wall vessels were exposed surgically and assessed by intravital microscopy in guinea pigs in vivo. Twenty-eight animals were randomly distributed into four groups of seven each. Exposed vessels were superfused by TNF (5.0 ng/ml) and afterward repeatedly either by Etanercept (1.0 μg/ml), JTE-013 (10 μmol/L), or vehicle (0.9 % NaCl solution or ethanol: phosphate-buffered saline buffer, respectively). RESULTS After decreasing CBF with TNF (p <0.001, two-way RM ANOVA), both treatments reversed CBF, compared with vehicle (p <0.001, two-way RM ANOVA). The comparison of the vehicle groups showed no difference (p = 0.969, two-way RM ANOVA), while there was also no difference between the treatment groups (p = 0.850, two-way RM ANOVA). CONCLUSION Both Etanercept and JTE-013 reverse the decreasing effect of TNF on cochlear blood flow and, therefore, TNF and the S1P-signalling pathway might be targets for treatment of microcirculation-related hearing loss.
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Cantalupo A, Gargiulo A, Dautaj E, Liu C, Zhang Y, Hla T, Di Lorenzo A. S1PR1 (Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1) Signaling Regulates Blood Flow and Pressure. Hypertension 2017; 70:426-434. [PMID: 28607130 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is one of the major endothelial-derived vasoactive factors that regulate blood pressure (BP), and the bioactive lipid mediator S1P (sphingosine-1-phosphate) is a potent activator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase through G protein-coupled receptors. Endothelial-derived S1P and the autocrine/paracrine activation of S1PR (S1P receptors) play an important role in preserving vascular functions and BP homeostasis. Furthermore, FTY720 (fingolimod), binding to 4 out of 5 S1PRs recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat autoimmune conditions, induces a modest and transient decrease in heart rate in both animals and humans, suggesting that drugs targeting sphingolipid signaling affect cardiovascular functions in vivo. However, the role of specific S1P receptors in BP homeostasis remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the role of the key vascular S1P receptors, namely, S1PR1 and S1PR3, in BP regulation in physiological and hypertensive conditions. The specific loss of endothelial S1PR1 decreases basal and stimulated endothelial-derived nitric oxide and resets BP to a higher-than-normal value. Interestingly, we identified a novel and important role for S1PR1 signaling in flow-mediated mechanotransduction. FTY720, acting as functional antagonist of S1PR1, markedly decreases endothelial S1PR1, increases BP in control mice, and exacerbates hypertension in angiotensin II mouse model, underlining the antihypertensive functions of S1PR1 signaling. Our study identifies S1P-S1PR1-nitric oxide signaling as a new regulatory pathway in vivo of vascular relaxation to flow and BP homeostasis, providing a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cantalupo
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York (A.C., A.G., E.D., C.L., Y.Z., T.H., A.D.L.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy (A.G.)
| | - Antonella Gargiulo
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York (A.C., A.G., E.D., C.L., Y.Z., T.H., A.D.L.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy (A.G.)
| | - Elona Dautaj
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York (A.C., A.G., E.D., C.L., Y.Z., T.H., A.D.L.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy (A.G.)
| | - Catherine Liu
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York (A.C., A.G., E.D., C.L., Y.Z., T.H., A.D.L.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy (A.G.)
| | - Yi Zhang
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York (A.C., A.G., E.D., C.L., Y.Z., T.H., A.D.L.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy (A.G.)
| | - Timothy Hla
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York (A.C., A.G., E.D., C.L., Y.Z., T.H., A.D.L.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy (A.G.)
| | - Annarita Di Lorenzo
- From the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York (A.C., A.G., E.D., C.L., Y.Z., T.H., A.D.L.); and Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy (A.G.).
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Bruno M, Rizzo IM, Romero-Guevara R, Bernacchioni C, Cencetti F, Donati C, Bruni P. Sphingosine 1-phosphate signaling axis mediates fibroblast growth factor 2-induced proliferation and survival of murine auditory neuroblasts. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:814-824. [PMID: 28188805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hearing loss affects millions of people in the world. In mammals the auditory system comprises diverse cell types which are terminally differentiated and with no regenerative potential. There is a tremendous research interest aimed at identifying cell therapy based solutions or pharmacological approaches that could be applied therapeutically alongside auditory devices to prevent hair cell and neuron loss. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a pleiotropic bioactive sphingolipid that plays key role in the regulation of many physiological and pathological functions. S1P is intracellularly produced by sphingosine kinase (SK) 1 and SK2 and exerts many of its action consequently to its ligation to S1P specific receptors (S1PR), S1P1-5. In this study, murine auditory neuroblasts named US/VOT-N33 have been used as progenitors of neurons of the spiral ganglion. We demonstrated that the fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2)-induced proliferative action was dependent on SK1, SK2 as well as S1P1 and S1P2. Moreover, the pro-survival effect of FGF2 from apoptotic cell death induced by staurosporine treatment was dependent on SK but not on S1PR. Additionally, ERK1/2 and Akt signaling pathways were found to mediate the mitogenic and survival action of FGF2, respectively. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a crucial role for S1P signaling axis in the proliferation and the survival of otic vesicle neuroprogenitors, highlighting the identification of possible novel therapeutical approaches to prevent neuronal degeneration during hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", viale G B Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Ilaria Maria Rizzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", viale G B Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Ricardo Romero-Guevara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", viale G B Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Caterina Bernacchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", viale G B Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesca Cencetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", viale G B Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
| | - Chiara Donati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", viale G B Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Paola Bruni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Sperimentali e Cliniche "M. Serio", viale G B Morgagni 50, 50134 Firenze, Italy
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Terashita T, Kobayashi K, Nagano T, Kawa Y, Tamura D, Nakata K, Yamamoto M, Tachihara M, Kamiryo H, Nishimura Y. Administration of JTE013 abrogates experimental asthma by regulating proinflammatory cytokine production from bronchial epithelial cells. Respir Res 2016; 17:146. [PMID: 27829417 PMCID: PMC5103479 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive phospholipid that acts as a signal transducer by binding to S1P receptors (S1PR) 1 to 5. The S1P/S1PRs pathway has been associated with remodeling and allergic inflammation in asthma, but the expression pattern of S1PR and its effects on non-immune cells have not been completely clarified. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of the signaling of S1P and S1PRs expressed in airway epithelial cells (ECs) to asthma responses in mice. Methods Bronchial asthma was experimentally induced in BALB/c mice by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization followed by an OVA inhalation challenge. The effects of S1PR antagonists on the development of asthma were analyzed 24 h after the OVA challenge. Results Immunohistological analysis revealed S1PR1-3 expression on mouse airway ECs. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that S1P greatly stimulated the induction of CCL3 and TIMP2 mRNA in human airway ECs, i.e., BEAS-2B cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with the S1PR2 antagonist JTE013 inhibited the CCL3 gene expression in BEAS-2B cells. Immunohistological analysis also showed that the expression level of CCL3 was attenuated by JTE013 in asthmatic mice. Furthermore, JTE013 as well as anti-CCL3 antibody attenuated allergic responses. Intratracheal administration of JTE013 also attenuated eosinophilic reactions in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. S1P induced transcription factor NFκB activation, while JTE013 greatly reduced the NFκB activation. Conclusions JTE013 attenuated allergic airway reactions by regulating CCL3 production from bronchial ECs. The intratracheal administration of JTE013 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for bronchial asthma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-016-0465-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Terashita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kobayashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Nagano
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Kawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tamura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Nakata
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Yamamoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Motoko Tachihara
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamiryo
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishimura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
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Chew WS, Wang W, Herr DR. To fingolimod and beyond: The rich pipeline of drug candidates that target S1P signaling. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:521-532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
Vertebrates are endowed with a closed circulatory system, the evolution of which required novel structural and regulatory changes. Furthermore, immune cell trafficking paradigms adapted to the barriers imposed by the closed circulatory system. How did such changes occur mechanistically? We propose that spatial compartmentalization of the lipid mediator sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) may be one such mechanism. In vertebrates, S1P is spatially compartmentalized in the blood and lymphatic circulation, thus comprising a sharp S1P gradient across the endothelial barrier. Circulatory S1P has critical roles in maturation and homeostasis of the vascular system as well as in immune cell trafficking. Physiological functions of S1P are tightly linked to shear stress, the key biophysical stimulus from blood flow. Thus, circulatory S1P confinement could be a primordial strategy of vertebrates in the development of a closed circulatory system. This review discusses the cellular and molecular basis of the S1P gradients and aims to interpret its physiological significance as a key feature of the closed circulatory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; ,
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115; ,
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Sato M, Ikeda H, Uranbileg B, Kurano M, Saigusa D, Aoki J, Maki H, Kudo H, Hasegawa K, Kokudo N, Yatomi Y. Sphingosine kinase-1, S1P transporter spinster homolog 2 and S1P2 mRNA expressions are increased in liver with advanced fibrosis in human. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32119. [PMID: 27562371 PMCID: PMC4999825 DOI: 10.1038/srep32119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) in liver fibrosis or inflammation was not fully examined in human. Controversy exists which S1P receptors, S1P1 and S1P3 vs S1P2, would be importantly involved in its mechanism. To clarify these matters, 80 patients who received liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma and 9 patients for metastatic liver tumor were enrolled. S1P metabolism was analyzed in background, non-tumorous liver tissue. mRNA levels of sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) but not SK2 were increased in livers with fibrosis stages 3-4 compared to those with 0-2 and to normal liver. However, S1P was not increased in advanced fibrotic liver, where mRNA levels of S1P transporter spinster homolog 2 (SPNS2) but not S1P-degrading enzymes were enhanced. Furthermore, mRNA levels of S1P2 but not S1P1 or S1P3 were increased in advanced fibrotic liver. These increased mRNA levels of SK1, SPNS2 and S1P2 in fibrotic liver were correlated with α-smooth muscle actin mRNA levels in liver, and with serum ALT levels. In conclusion, S1P may be actively generated, transported to outside the cells, and bind to its specific receptor in human liver to play a role in fibrosis or inflammation. Altered S1P metabolism in fibrotic liver may be their therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Sato
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ikeda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan.,CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Baasanjav Uranbileg
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Makoto Kurano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan.,CREST, JST, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- CREST, JST, Japan.,Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, 2-1 Seiryo machi, Aobaku Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Junken Aoki
- CREST, JST, Japan.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Tohoku University, 6-3, Ara-makiazaaoba, Aobaku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Harufumi Maki
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kudo
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kokudo
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Japan.,CREST, JST, Japan
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50
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Ingham NJ, Carlisle F, Pearson S, Lewis MA, Buniello A, Chen J, Isaacson RL, Pass J, White JK, Dawson SJ, Steel KP. S1PR2 variants associated with auditory function in humans and endocochlear potential decline in mouse. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28964. [PMID: 27383011 PMCID: PMC4935955 DOI: 10.1038/srep28964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive hearing loss is very common in the population but we still know little about the underlying pathology. A new spontaneous mouse mutation (stonedeaf, stdf ) leading to recessive, early-onset progressive hearing loss was detected and exome sequencing revealed a Thr289Arg substitution in Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor-2 (S1pr2). Mutants aged 2 weeks had normal hearing sensitivity, but at 4 weeks most showed variable degrees of hearing impairment, which became severe or profound in all mutants by 14 weeks. Endocochlear potential (EP) was normal at 2 weeks old but was reduced by 4 and 8 weeks old in mutants, and the stria vascularis, which generates the EP, showed degenerative changes. Three independent mouse knockout alleles of S1pr2 have been described previously, but this is the first time that a reduced EP has been reported. Genomic markers close to the human S1PR2 gene were significantly associated with auditory thresholds in the 1958 British Birth Cohort (n = 6099), suggesting involvement of S1P signalling in human hearing loss. The finding of early onset loss of EP gives new mechanistic insight into the disease process and suggests that therapies for humans with hearing loss due to S1P signalling defects need to target strial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Ingham
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guys Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Francesca Carlisle
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Selina Pearson
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Morag A Lewis
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guys Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Annalisa Buniello
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guys Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jing Chen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guys Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Rivka L Isaacson
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, 7 Trinity Street, London, SE1 1DB, UK
| | - Johanna Pass
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guys Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jacqueline K White
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sally J Dawson
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Karen P Steel
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.,Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, King's College London, Guys Campus, London, SE1 1UL, UK
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