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Duabil AJN, Cooper CR, Aldujaily E, Halford SER, Hirschberg S, Katugampola SD, Jones GDD. Investigations of the novel checkpoint kinase 1 inhibitor SRA737 in non-small cell lung cancer and colorectal cancer cells of differing tumour protein 53 gene status. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:1210-1226. [PMID: 38214010 PMCID: PMC10776598 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim In response to DNA damage the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) is activated allowing cells to enter S phase (S) and G2 phase (G2) cell-cycle arrest. CHK1 inhibitors are expected to prevent cells from entering such arrest, thereby enhancing DNA damage-induced cytotoxicity. In contrast, normal cells with intact ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), CHK2 and tumour suppressor protein 53 (P53) signalling are still able to enter cell-cycle arrest using the functioning G1/S checkpoint, thereby being rescued from enhanced cytotoxicity. The main objective of this work is to investigate the in vitro effects of the novel CHK1 inhibitor SRA737 on pairs of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines, all with genetic aberrations rendering them susceptible to replication stress but of differing tumour protein 53 (TP53) gene status, focusing on DNA damage induction and the subsequent effects on cell proliferation and viability. Methods NSCLC cell lines H23 [TP53 mutant (MUT)] and A549 [TP53 wild-type (WT)] and CRC cell lines HT29 (TP53 MUT) and HCT116 (TP53 WT) were incubated with differing micromolar concentrations of SRA737 for 24 h and then analysed using alkaline comet and phosphorylated H2A.X variant histone (γH2AX)-foci assays to assess mostly DNA single strand break and double strand break damage, respectively. Cell-counting/trypan blue staining was also performed to assess cell proliferation/viability. Results Clear concentration-dependent increases in comet formation and γH2AX-foci/cell were noted for the TP53 MUT cells with no or lower increases being noted in the corresponding TP53 WT cells. Also, greater anti-proliferative and cell killing effects were noted in the TP53 MUT cells than in the TP53 WT cells. Conclusions This study's data suggests that P53 status/functioning is a key factor in determining the sensitivity of NSCLC and CRC cancer cells towards CHK1 inhibition, even in circumstances conducive to high replicative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali JN Duabil
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics & Genome Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leics, UK
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Christian R Cooper
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics & Genome Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leics, UK
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, OX3 7DQ Oxon, UK
| | - Esraa Aldujaily
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics & Genome Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leics, UK
- Department of Pathology & Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Sarah ER Halford
- Cancer Research UK Centre for Drug Development, London E20 1JQ, UK
| | | | | | - George DD Jones
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics & Genome Biology, University of Leicester, LE1 7RH Leics, UK
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Li L, Wang L, Liu D, Zhao Y. BRD7 suppresses tumor chemosensitivity to CHK1 inhibitors by inhibiting USP1-mediated deubiquitination of CHK1. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:313. [PMID: 37626049 PMCID: PMC10457387 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01611-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), a key effector in the cellular response to DNA lesions, is a crucial component of all cell cycle checkpoints. Recent reports have revealed that CHK1 is highly expressed in numerous cancer types in the clinical settings. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of CHK1 expression in tumor cells remain unclear. Here, we report that CHK1 is negatively regulated by the bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7). Specifically, BRD7 silencing increased CHK1 (but not CHK2) expression at both mRNA and protein levels, in a p53-independent manner in multiple tumor cell lines. Furthermore, BRD7 silencing stabilized CHK1 via reducing its ubiquitination. Mechanistically, BRD7 knockdown not only increased the levels of USP1, a deubiquitinase for CHK1, but also promoted the interaction between CHK1 and USP1, subsequently enhancing the de-ubiquitination of CHK1. USP1 knockdown abrogated BRD7 silencing-induced CHK1 induction. Biologically, the increased expression of CHK1 in tumor cells caused by BRD7 silencing significantly increased cell sensitivity to CHK1 inhibitors by enhancing tumor cell apoptosis, and this effect was reversed by the simultaneous knockdown of CHK1 or USP1. Taken together, our findings suggest that BRD7 is a potential genetic or drug target that may help to improve the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs targeting CHK1 in combinatorial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linchen Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dian Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Moloudi K, Abrahamse H, George BP. Photodynamic therapy induced cell cycle arrest and cancer cell synchronization: review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1225694. [PMID: 37503319 PMCID: PMC10369002 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1225694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle arrest (CCA) is seen as a prime candidate for effective cancer therapy. This mechanism can help researchers to create new treatments to target cancer cells at particular stages of the cell cycle (CC). The CCA is a characteristic of various therapeutic modalities, including radiation (RT) and chemotherapy (CT), which synchronizes the cells and facilitates the standardization of radio-chemotherapy protocols. Although it was discovered that photodynamic treatment (PDT) had a biological effect on CCA in cancer cells, the mechanism remains unclear. Furthermore, besides conventional forms of cell death such as apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis, various unconventional types of cell death including pyroptosis, mitotic catastrophe, paraptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and parthanatos after PDT have been reported. Thus, a variety of elements, such as oxygen, the tumor's microenvironment, the characteristics of light, and photosensitizer (PS), influence the effectiveness of the PDT treatment, which have not yet been studied clearly. This review focuses on CCA induced by PDT for a variety of PSs agents on various cell lines. The CCA by PDT can be viewed as a remarkable effect and instructive for the management of the PDT protocol. Regarding the relationship between the quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its biological consequences, we have proposed two mathematical models in PDT. Finally, we have gathered recent in vitro and in vivo studies about CCA post-PDT at various stages and made suggestions about how it can standardize, potentiate, and customize the PDT methodology.
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Endah E, Wulandari F, Putri Y, Jenie RI, Meiyanto E. Piperine Increases Pentagamavunon-1 Anti-cancer Activity on 4T1 Breast Cancer Through Mitotic Catastrophe Mechanism and Senescence with Sharing Targeting on Mitotic Regulatory Proteins. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2022; 21:e123820. [PMID: 35765510 PMCID: PMC9191230 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr.123820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pentagamavunon-1 performs more potent anti-cancer effects than curcumin against various cancer cells, but it remains to be optimized. Piperine shows the activity as an enhancer of a therapeutic agent. This study expects to achieve higher effectiveness of PGV-1 on 4T1 breast cancer cells through co-treatment with piperine with exploring the effect of cytotoxicity, mitotic catastrophe, cellular senescence, and target proteins of PGV-1 and piperine on the regulation of mitosis in TNBC cells (4T1). The assays emphasize MTT assay, May Grünwald-Giemsa staining, SA-β-galactosidase assay, and bioinformatics analysis, respectively, to elicit the respected activities. The results revealed that PGV-1 performed a cytotoxic effect with an IC50 value of 9 µM while piperine showed a lower cytotoxic effect with an IC50 value of 800 µM on 4T1 cells 24 h treatment. However, the combination treatment of both showed a synergistic cytotoxic enhancement effect with an average CI value < 1. Furthermore, the combination of PGV-1 and piperine induced mitotic catastrophe and senescence better than the single treatment. Treatment of 1 µM of PGV-1 and 400 µM of piperine increased the percentage of senescent cells by 33%. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that PGV-1 and piperine target proteins play a role in mitotic regulation, namely CDK1, KIF11, AURKA, AURKB, and PLK1, to contribute to mitotic catastrophe. Therefore, piperine increases the effectiveness of PGV-1 to suppress 4T1 cells growth synergistically that may occur through mitotic catastrophe and senescence targeting on mitotic regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endah Endah
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Febri Wulandari
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yurananda Putri
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Riris Istighfari Jenie
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Edy Meiyanto
- Cancer Chemoprevention Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Manoharan R, Karthikeyan S, Anandh S, Priya Doss C G, Ramireddy S, Bharanidharan G, Aruna P, Mangaiyarkarasi R, Chinnathambi S, Pandian GN, Ganesan S. A Biophysical Approach of Cytarabine Anticancer Drug Insights into Human Serum Albumin and Checkpoint Kinase 1. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Huang L, Wei Z, Wang X, Lan C, Zhu Y, Ye Q. AZD6738 Decreases Intraocular Pressure and Inhibits Fibrotic Response in Trabecular Meshwork through CHK1/P53 Pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sugitani N, Vendetti FP, Cipriano AJ, Pandya P, Deppas JJ, Moiseeva TN, Schamus-Haynes S, Wang Y, Palmer D, Osmanbeyoglu HU, Bostwick A, Snyder NW, Gong YN, Aird KM, Delgoffe GM, Beumer JH, Bakkenist CJ. Thymidine rescues ATR kinase inhibitor-induced deoxyuridine contamination in genomic DNA, cell death, and interferon-α/β expression. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111371. [PMID: 36130512 PMCID: PMC9646445 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
ATR kinase is a central regulator of the DNA damage response (DDR) and cell cycle checkpoints. ATR kinase inhibitors (ATRi's) combine with radiation to generate CD8+ T cell-dependent responses in mouse models of cancer. We show that ATRi's induce cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1)-dependent origin firing across active replicons in CD8+ T cells activated ex vivo while simultaneously decreasing the activity of rate-limiting enzymes for nucleotide biosynthesis. These pleiotropic effects of ATRi induce deoxyuridine (dU) contamination in genomic DNA, R loops, RNA-DNA polymerase collisions, and interferon-α/β (IFN-α/β). Remarkably, thymidine rescues ATRi-induced dU contamination and partially rescues death and IFN-α/β expression in proliferating CD8+ T cells. Thymidine also partially rescues ATRi-induced cancer cell death. We propose that ATRi-induced dU contamination contributes to dose-limiting leukocytopenia and inflammation in the clinic and CD8+ T cell-dependent anti-tumor responses in mouse models. We conclude that ATR is essential to limit dU contamination in genomic DNA and IFN-α/β expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norie Sugitani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Frank P Vendetti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andrew J Cipriano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pinakin Pandya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joshua J Deppas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tatiana N Moiseeva
- Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Sandra Schamus-Haynes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Drake Palmer
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hatice U Osmanbeyoglu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Bostwick
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathaniel W Snyder
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yi-Nan Gong
- Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katherine M Aird
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Greg M Delgoffe
- Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jan H Beumer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christopher J Bakkenist
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Huang L, Ye Q, Lan C, Wang X, Zhu Y. AZD6738 Inhibits fibrotic response of conjunctival fibroblasts by regulating checkpoint kinase 1/P53 and PI3K/AKT pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:990401. [PMID: 36204234 PMCID: PMC9530343 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.990401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trabeculectomy can effectively reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients, the long-term surgical failure is due to the excessive proliferation and fibrotic response of conjunctival fibroblasts which causes the subconjunctival scar and non-functional filtering bleb. In this study, we demonstrated that AZD6738 (Ceralasertib), a novel potent ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase inhibitor, can inhibit the fibrotic response of conjunctival fibroblasts for the first time. Our in vitro study demonstrated that AZD6738 inhibited the level and the phosphorylation of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), reduced TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis of human conjunctival fibroblasts (HConFs) in the high-dose group (5 μM). Low-dose AZD6738 (0.1 μM) inhibited the phosphorylation of CHK1 and reduce fibrotic response but did not promote apoptosis of HConFs. Further molecular research indicated that AZD6738 regulates survival and apoptosis of HConFs by balancing the CHK1/P53 and PI3K/AKT pathways, and inhibiting TGF-β1-induced fibrotic response including myofibroblast activation and relative extracellular matrix (ECM) protein synthesis such as fibronectin (FN), collagen Ⅰ (COL1) and collagen Ⅳ (COL4) through a dual pharmacological mechanism. Hence, our results show that AZD6738 inhibits fibrotic responses in cultured HConFs in vitro and may become a potential therapeutic option for anti-subconjunctival scarring after trabeculectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longxiang Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qin Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chunlin Lan
- Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yihua Zhu, ; Xiaohui Wang,
| | - Yihua Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yihua Zhu, ; Xiaohui Wang,
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Gedminas JM, Laetsch TW. Targeting the DNA damage response in pediatric malignancies. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2022; 22:1099-1113. [PMID: 36099180 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2124970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High levels of DNA damage and mutations in DNA damage response genes creates a high reliance on DNA damage repair in various tumors. This creates a vulnerability for new cancer therapies. Although there is extensive data for the use of these agents in adult tumors, the evaluation of these compounds in the pediatric population remains in the early stages. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the role of the DNA damage response as a therapeutic vulnerability in pediatric malignancies, provide a summary of clinical data for the use of DNA damage response inhibitors in cancer, and review how these compounds can be extended to the pediatric population. EXPERT OPINION A number of pediatric cancers rely on robust DNA damage repair to maintain cell viability. This provides a therapeutic vulnerability in cancer cells resistant to other traditional therapies. Unfortunately, although clinical evaluation of inhibitors of various components of the DNA damage response has been done in adults, pediatric data remains limited. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of these compounds in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Gedminas
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Oncology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Theodore W Laetsch
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Oncology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Shi WW, Guan JZ, Long YP, Song Q, Xiong Q, Qin BY, Ma ZQ, Hu Y, Yang B. Integrative transcriptional characterization of cell cycle checkpoint genes promotes clinical management and precision medicine in bladder carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:915662. [PMID: 36033441 PMCID: PMC9404245 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.915662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aberrant regulation of cell cycle is significantly correlated with cancer carcinogenesis and progression, in which cell cycle checkpoints control phase transitions, cell cycle entry, progression, and exit. However, the integrative role of cell cycle checkpoint-related genes (CRGs) in bladder carcinoma (BC) remains unknown. Methods The transcriptomic data and clinical features of BC patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), used to identify CRGs correlated with overall survival (OS) by univariate Cox regression analysis. Then, the multivariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses further developed a prognostic CRG signature, which was validated in three external datasets retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was conducted for evaluating the performance of the CRG signature in prognosis prediction. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed to explore the expression difference in the identified CRGs between tumor and normal tissue samples from 11 BC patients in the local cohort. Ultimately, genomic profiles and tumor microenvironment (TME), and the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) were investigated to guide precision treatment for BC patients with different CRG features. Results The novel constructed 23-CRG prognostic signature could stratify BC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups with significantly different outcomes (median OS: 13.64 vs. 104.65 months). Notably, 19 CRGs were the first to be identified as being associated with BC progression. In three additional validation datasets (GSE13507, GSE31684, and GSE32548), higher CRG scores all indicated inferior survival, demonstrating the robust ability of the CRG signature in prognosis prediction. Moreover, the CRG signature as an independent prognostic factor had a robust and stable risk stratification for BC patients with different histological or clinical features. Then, a CRG signature-based nomogram with a better performance in prognostic prediction [concordance index (C-index): 0.76] was established. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that collagen-containing extracellular matrix (ECM), and ECM-related and MAPK signaling pathways were significantly associated with the signature. Further analysis showed that low-risk patients were characterized by particularly distinctive prevalence of FGFR3 (17.03% vs. 6.67%, p < 0.01) and POLE alterations (7.97% vs. 2.50%, p < 0.05), and enrichment of immune infiltrated cells (including CD8+ T cells, CD4+ naïve T cells, follicular helper T cells, Tregs, and myeloid dendritic cells). RNA-seq data in our local cohort supported the findings in the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor and normal tissue samples, and the difference in TME between high-risk and low-risk groups. Additionally, CRG signature score plus FGFR3 status divided BC patients into four molecular subtypes, with distinct prognosis, TME, and transcriptomic profiling of immune checkpoint genes. Of note, CRG signature score plus FGFR3 status could successfully distinguish BC patients who have a higher possibility of response to immunotherapy or chemotherapy drugs. Conclusions The CRG signature is a potent prognostic model for BC patients, and in combination with FGFR3 alterations, it had more practical capacity in the prediction of chemotherapy and immunotherapy response, helping guide clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Zhi Guan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ping Long
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo-Yu Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Hu, ; Bo Yang,
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Senior Department of Oncology, The Fifth Medical Center of People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Hu, ; Bo Yang,
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Therapeutic targeting of ATR in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4297. [PMID: 35879366 PMCID: PMC9314382 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in multi-modal treatment approaches, clinical outcomes of patients suffering from PAX3-FOXO1 fusion oncogene-expressing alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) remain dismal. Here we show that PAX3-FOXO1-expressing ARMS cells are sensitive to pharmacological ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related protein (ATR) inhibition. Expression of PAX3-FOXO1 in muscle progenitor cells is not only sufficient to increase sensitivity to ATR inhibition, but PAX3-FOXO1-expressing rhabdomyosarcoma cells also exhibit increased sensitivity to structurally diverse inhibitors of ATR. Mechanistically, ATR inhibition leads to replication stress exacerbation, decreased BRCA1 phosphorylation and reduced homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair pathway activity. Consequently, ATR inhibitor treatment increases sensitivity of ARMS cells to PARP1 inhibition in vitro, and combined treatment with ATR and PARP1 inhibitors induces complete regression of primary patient-derived ARMS xenografts in vivo. Lastly, a genome-wide CRISPR activation screen (CRISPRa) in combination with transcriptional analyses of ATR inhibitor resistant ARMS cells identifies the RAS-MAPK pathway and its targets, the FOS gene family, as inducers of resistance to ATR inhibition. Our findings provide a rationale for upcoming biomarker-driven clinical trials of ATR inhibitors in patients suffering from ARMS.
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12
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Kalitin NN, Ektova LV, Kostritsa NS, Sivirinova AS, Kostarev AV, Smirnova GB, Borisova YA, Golubeva IS, Ermolaeva EV, Vergun MA, Babaeva MA, Lushnikova AA, Karamysheva AF. A novel glycosylated indolocarbazole derivative LCS1269 effectively inhibits growth of human cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through driving of both apoptosis and senescence by inducing of DNA damage and modulating of AKT/mTOR/S6K and ERK pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 364:110056. [PMID: 35872044 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, indolocarbazole glycosides containing sugar moieties have attracted attention due to their diverse anti-tumor activities. In the present study, a series of new indolo [2,3-a]pyrrolo [3,4-c]carbazole derivatives were synthesized for the first time. First of all, we have shown that compound 6e (LCS1269) had the most pronounced effect on inhibiting tumor growth in the transferable solid and non-solid murine tumors as compared with other synthesized indolocarbazole derivatives. The results of the in vivo nude mice xenoraft study also confirmed that LCS1269 treatment strongly suppressed the growth of human colon cancer SW620 xenografts. It is important to note that the antiproliferative activity of LCS1269 against three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HCT-116 and A549) was considerably higher than that against the non-tumor cell lines (immortalized breast cells and normal embryonic fibroblasts). Furthermore, the treatment of MCF-7, HCT-116 and A549 cells with LCS1269 caused the statistically significant inhibition of anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent colony formation. We further revealed that LCS1269 treatment of investigated human cancer cells resulted in the DNA damage and G2/M cell cycle arrest followed by the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential with subsequent initiation of intrinsic apoptosis and the triggering of senescence via p53-dependent mechanisms. In addition, our western blotting findings and molecular docking data suppose that LCS1269 could at least partially attenuate cancer cells growth by modulation of AKT/mTOR/S6K and ERK signaling pathways. Therefore, we concluded that LCS1269 might be the promising compound for implementation and probable use in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay N Kalitin
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Lidia V Ektova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia S Kostritsa
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskiye Gory, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Galina B Smirnova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia A Borisova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina S Golubeva
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elisaveta V Ermolaeva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya Street, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Vergun
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2 Trubetskaya Street, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A Babaeva
- M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1 Leninskiye Gory, 119234, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A Lushnikova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aida F Karamysheva
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, 24 Kashirskoe Shosse, 115478, Moscow, Russia
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13
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DuBois SG, Macy ME, Henderson TO. High-Risk and Relapsed Neuroblastoma: Toward More Cures and Better Outcomes. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2022; 42:1-13. [PMID: 35522915 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_349783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Approximately half of the patients diagnosed with neuroblastoma are classified as having high-risk disease. This group continues to have inadequate cure rates despite multiagent chemotherapy, surgery, high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue, and immunotherapy directed against GD2. We review current efforts to try to improve outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed disease by integrating novel targeted therapies earlier in the course of the disease. We further examine a growing list of options available for patients with relapsed or refractory high-risk disease, with an eye toward graduating successful strategies from a relapsed/refractory setting to the frontline setting. Last, we review efforts to study and potentially mitigate the array of late effects faced by survivors of high-risk neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G DuBois
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Margaret E Macy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Tara O Henderson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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14
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Zhang C, Cho S, Napolitano JG, Russell D, Gu C, Deese A, Han C, Chen Y, Ma S. Elucidating the Structure and Cytochrome P450-mediated Mechanism for Novel Metabolites of GDC-0575 in Rats. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:219-228. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2062685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenghong Zhang
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.Z, S.C, Y.C, S.M)
| | - Sungjoon Cho
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.Z, S.C, Y.C, S.M)
| | - José G. Napolitano
- Department of Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.G.N, D.R, C.G, A.D, C.H), Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - David Russell
- Department of Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.G.N, D.R, C.G, A.D, C.H), Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Christine Gu
- Department of Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.G.N, D.R, C.G, A.D, C.H), Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Alan Deese
- Department of Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.G.N, D.R, C.G, A.D, C.H), Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Chong Han
- Department of Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences (J.G.N, D.R, C.G, A.D, C.H), Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA, 94080
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.Z, S.C, Y.C, S.M)
| | - Shuguang Ma
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (C.Z, S.C, Y.C, S.M)
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15
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Shah SM, Demidova EV, Lesh RW, Hall MJ, Daly MB, Meyer JE, Edelman MJ, Arora S. Therapeutic implications of germline vulnerabilities in DNA repair for precision oncology. Cancer Treat Rev 2022; 104:102337. [PMID: 35051883 PMCID: PMC9016579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2021.102337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
DNA repair vulnerabilities are present in a significant proportion of cancers. Specifically, germline alterations in DNA repair not only increase cancer risk but are associated with treatment response and clinical outcomes. The therapeutic landscape of cancer has rapidly evolved with the FDA approval of therapies that specifically target DNA repair vulnerabilities. The clinical success of synthetic lethality between BRCA deficiency and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition has been truly revolutionary. Defective mismatch repair has been validated as a predictor of response to immune checkpoint blockade associated with durable responses and long-term benefit in many cancer patients. Advances in next generation sequencing technologies and their decreasing cost have supported increased genetic profiling of tumors coupled with germline testing of cancer risk genes in patients. The clinical adoption of panel testing for germline assessment in high-risk individuals has generated a plethora of genetic data, particularly on DNA repair genes. Here, we highlight the therapeutic relevance of germline aberrations in DNA repair to identify patients eligible for precision treatments such as PARP inhibitors (PARPis), immune checkpoint blockade, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and combined treatment. We also discuss emerging mechanisms that regulate DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya M. Shah
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Science Scholars Program, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Elena V. Demidova
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation
| | - Randy W. Lesh
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, United States
| | - Michael J. Hall
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mary B. Daly
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joshua E. Meyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Martin J. Edelman
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Correspondence: Sanjeevani Arora, PhD, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497, OR Martin J Edelman, MD, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-2497,
| | - Sanjeevani Arora
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Radiation Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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16
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Abstract
Cancer is a group of diseases in which cells divide continuously and excessively. Cell division is tightly regulated by multiple evolutionarily conserved cell cycle control mechanisms, to ensure the production of two genetically identical cells. Cell cycle checkpoints operate as DNA surveillance mechanisms that prevent the accumulation and propagation of genetic errors during cell division. Checkpoints can delay cell cycle progression or, in response to irreparable DNA damage, induce cell cycle exit or cell death. Cancer-associated mutations that perturb cell cycle control allow continuous cell division chiefly by compromising the ability of cells to exit the cell cycle. Continuous rounds of division, however, create increased reliance on other cell cycle control mechanisms to prevent catastrophic levels of damage and maintain cell viability. New detailed insights into cell cycle control mechanisms and their role in cancer reveal how these dependencies can be best exploited in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen K Matthews
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Cosetta Bertoli
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robertus A M de Bruin
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK.
- UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK.
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17
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Pan Y, Yang Y, Huang R, Yang H, Huang Q, Ji Y, Dai J, Qiao K, Tang W, Xie L, Yin M, Ouyang J, Ning S, Su D. Ring finger protein 126 promotes breast cancer metastasis and serves as a potential target to improve the therapeutic sensitivity of ATR inhibitors. Breast Cancer Res 2022; 24:92. [PMID: 36539893 PMCID: PMC9764525 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-022-01586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study explores the relationship between the E3 ubiquitin ligase Ring finger protein 126 (RNF126) and early breast cancer metastasis and tests the hypothesis that RNF126 determines the efficacy of inhibitors targeting Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related kinase (ATR). METHODS Various metastasis-related genes were identified by univariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis based on the GSE11121 dataset. The RNF126-related network modules were identified by WGCNA, whereas cell viability, invasion, and migration assays were performed to evaluate the biological characteristics of breast cancer cells with or without RNF126 knockdown. MTT, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and DNA fiber assays were conducted to determine the efficiency of ATR inhibitor in cells with or without RNF126 knockdown. RESULTS RNF126 was associated with early breast cancer metastasis. RNF126 promoted breast cancer cell proliferation, growth, migration, and invasion. ATR inhibitors were more effective at killing breast cancer cells with intact RNF126 due to replication stress compared with the corresponding cells with RNF126 knockdown. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) was involved in regulating replication stress in breast cancer cells with intact RNF126. CONCLUSION A high level of expression of RNF126 in early breast cancer patients without lymph node metastases may indicate a high-risk type of metastatic disease, possibly due to RNF126, which may increase breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. RNF126-expressing breast cancer cells exhibit CDK2-mediated replication stress that makes them potential targets for ATR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Pan
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
| | - Yuchao Yang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Nation Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Rong Huang
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
| | - Huawei Yang
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
| | - Qinghua Huang
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
| | - Yinan Ji
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
| | - Jingxing Dai
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Nation Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Kun Qiao
- grid.412651.50000 0004 1808 3502Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150000 China
| | - Wei Tang
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
| | - Longgui Xie
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
| | - Ming Yin
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Imaging, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Jun Ouyang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics & Nation Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515 China
| | - Shipeng Ning
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Breast Surgery, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Research of Guangxi Department of Education, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
| | - Danke Su
- grid.256607.00000 0004 1798 2653Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, 530000 China
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18
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Lee J, Chen X, Wang Y, Nishimura T, Li M, Ishikawa S, Daikoku T, Kawai J, Tojo A, Gotoh N. A novel oral inhibitor for one-carbon metabolism and checkpoint kinase 1 inhibitor as a rational combination treatment for breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 584:7-14. [PMID: 34753066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Patients with triple-negative breast cancer have a poor prognosis as only a few efficient targeted therapies are available. Cancer cells are characterized by their unregulated proliferation and require large amounts of nucleotides to replicate their DNA. One-carbon metabolism contributes to purine and pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis by supplying one carbon atom. Although mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism has recently been focused on as an important target for cancer treatment, few specific inhibitors have been reported. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of DS18561882 (DS18), a novel, orally active, specific inhibitor of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD2), a mitochondrial enzyme involved in one-carbon metabolism. Treatment with DS18 led to a marked reduction in cancer-cell proliferation; however, it did not induce cell death. Combinatorial treatment with DS18 and inhibitors of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), an activator of the S phase checkpoint pathway, efficiently induced apoptotic cell death in breast cancer cells and suppressed tumorigenesis in a triple-negative breast cancer patient-derived xenograft model. Mechanistically, MTHFD2 inhibition led to cell cycle arrest and slowed nucleotide synthesis. This finding suggests that DNA replication stress occurs due to nucleotide shortage and that the S-phase checkpoint pathway is activated, leading to cell-cycle arrest. Combinatorial treatment with both inhibitors released cell-cycle arrest, but induced accumulation of DNA double-strand breaks, leading to apoptotic cell death. Collectively, a combination of MTHFD2 and Chk1 inhibitors would be a rational treatment option for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lee
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Xiaoxi Chen
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yuming Wang
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Nishimura
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Mengjiao Li
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Satoko Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takiko Daikoku
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Junya Kawai
- R&D Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 140-8710, Japan
| | - Arinobu Tojo
- Division of Molecular Therapy, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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19
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Hayakawa T, Suzuki R, Kagotani K, Okumura K, Takebayashi SI. Camptothecin-Induced Replication Stress Affects DNA Replication Profiling by E/L Repli-Seq. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 161:437-444. [PMID: 34818230 DOI: 10.1159/000518263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
E/L Repli-seq is a powerful tool for detecting cell type-specific replication landscapes in mammalian cells, but its potential to monitor DNA replication under replication stress awaits better understanding. Here, we used E/L Repli-seq to examine the temporal order of DNA replication in human retinal pigment epithelium cells treated with the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin. We found that the replication profiles by E/L Repli-seq exhibit characteristic patterns after replication-stress induction, including the loss of specific initiation zones within individual early replication timing domains. We also observed global disappearance of the replication timing domain structures in the profiles, which can be explained by checkpoint-dependent suppression of replication initiation. Thus, our results demonstrate the effectiveness of E/L Repli-seq at identifying cells with replication-stress-induced altered DNA replication programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hayakawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.,Tsuji Health and Beauty Science Laboratory, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.,Tsuji Oil Mills Co., Ltd, Matsusaka, Japan
| | - Rino Suzuki
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kagotani
- Tsuji Health and Beauty Science Laboratory, Mie University, Tsu, Japan.,Tsuji Oil Mills Co., Ltd, Matsusaka, Japan
| | - Katsuzumi Okumura
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Takebayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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20
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Cash T, Fox E, Liu X, Minard CG, Reid JM, Scheck AC, Weigel BJ, Wetmore C. A phase 1 study of prexasertib (LY2606368), a CHK1/2 inhibitor, in pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory solid tumors, including CNS tumors: A report from the Children's Oncology Group Pediatric Early Phase Clinical Trials Network (ADVL1515). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e29065. [PMID: 33881209 PMCID: PMC9090141 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prexasertib (LY2606368) is a novel, second-generation, selective dual inhibitor of checkpoint kinase proteins 1 (CHK1) and 2 (CHK2). We conducted a phase 1 trial of prexasertib to estimate the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and/or recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D), to define and describe the toxicities, and to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of prexasertib in pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory solid and central nervous system (CNS) tumors. METHODS Prexasertib was administered intravenously (i.v.) on days 1 and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Four dose levels, 80, 100, 125, and 150 mg/m2 , were evaluated using a rolling-six design. PK analysis was performed during cycle 1. Tumor tissue was examined for biomarkers (CHK1 and TP53) of prexasertib activity. RESULTS Thirty patients were enrolled; 25 were evaluable. The median age was 9.5 years (range: 2-20) and 21 (70%) were male. Twelve patients (40%) had solid tumors and 18 patients (60%) had CNS tumors. There were no cycle 1 or later dose-limiting toxicities. Common cycle 1, drug-related grade 3/4 toxicities (> 10% of patients) included neutropenia (100%), leukopenia (68%), thrombocytopenia (24%), lymphopenia (24%), and anemia (12%). There were no objective responses; best overall response was stable disease in three patients for five cycles (hepatocellular carcinoma), three cycles (ependymoma), and five cycles (undifferentiated sarcoma). The PK appeared dose proportional across the 80-150 mg/m2 dose range. CONCLUSIONS Although the MTD of prexasertib was not defined by this study, 150 mg/m2 administered i.v. on days 1 and 15 of a 28-day cycle was determined to be the RP2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cash
- Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Fox
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Children’s Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Charles G. Minard
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Adrienne C. Scheck
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Brenda J. Weigel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cynthia Wetmore
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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21
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Organization of DNA Replication Origin Firing in Xenopus Egg Extracts: The Role of Intra-S Checkpoint. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12081224. [PMID: 34440398 PMCID: PMC8394201 DOI: 10.3390/genes12081224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During cell division, the duplication of the genome starts at multiple positions called replication origins. Origin firing requires the interaction of rate-limiting factors with potential origins during the S(ynthesis)-phase of the cell cycle. Origins fire as synchronous clusters which is proposed to be regulated by the intra-S checkpoint. By modelling the unchallenged, the checkpoint-inhibited and the checkpoint protein Chk1 over-expressed replication pattern of single DNA molecules from Xenopus sperm chromatin replicated in egg extracts, we demonstrate that the quantitative modelling of data requires: (1) a segmentation of the genome into regions of low and high probability of origin firing; (2) that regions with high probability of origin firing escape intra-S checkpoint regulation and (3) the variability of the rate of DNA synthesis close to replication forks is a necessary ingredient that should be taken in to account in order to describe the dynamic of replication origin firing. This model implies that the observed origin clustering emerges from the apparent synchrony of origin firing in regions with high probability of origin firing and challenge the assumption that the intra-S checkpoint is the main regulator of origin clustering.
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22
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Wang W, Klein KN, Proesmans K, Yang H, Marchal C, Zhu X, Borrman T, Hastie A, Weng Z, Bechhoefer J, Chen CL, Gilbert DM, Rhind N. Genome-wide mapping of human DNA replication by optical replication mapping supports a stochastic model of eukaryotic replication. Mol Cell 2021; 81:2975-2988.e6. [PMID: 34157308 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The heterogeneous nature of eukaryotic replication kinetics and the low efficiency of individual initiation sites make mapping the location and timing of replication initiation in human cells difficult. To address this challenge, we have developed optical replication mapping (ORM), a high-throughput single-molecule approach, and used it to map early-initiation events in human cells. The single-molecule nature of our data and a total of >2,500-fold coverage of the human genome on 27 million fibers averaging ∼300 kb in length allow us to identify initiation sites and their firing probability with high confidence. We find that the distribution of human replication initiation is consistent with inefficient, stochastic activation of heterogeneously distributed potential initiation complexes enriched in accessible chromatin. These observations are consistent with stochastic models of initiation-timing regulation and suggest that stochastic regulation of replication kinetics is a fundamental feature of eukaryotic replication, conserved from yeast to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Wang
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3244, Paris 75005, France
| | - Kyle N Klein
- Florida State University, Department of Biological Science, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Karel Proesmans
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Physics, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Chicago, IL 60208, USA
| | - Claire Marchal
- Florida State University, Department of Biological Science, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Xiaopeng Zhu
- Carnegie Mellon University, Computational Biology Department, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Tyler Borrman
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Program in Bioinformatics and Integrated Biology, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | | | - Zhiping Weng
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Program in Bioinformatics and Integrated Biology, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - John Bechhoefer
- Simon Fraser University, Department of Physics, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 3244, Paris 75005, France; Sorbonne University, Paris 75005, France.
| | - David M Gilbert
- Florida State University, Department of Biological Science, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
| | - Nicholas Rhind
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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Role of Stress-Survival Pathways and Transcriptomic Alterations in Progression of Colorectal Cancer: A Health Disparities Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115525. [PMID: 34063993 PMCID: PMC8196775 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Every year, more than a million individuals are diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) across the world. Certain lifestyle and genetic factors are known to drive the high incidence and mortality rates in some groups of individuals. The presence of enormous amounts of reactive oxygen species is implicated for the on-set and carcinogenesis, and oxidant scavengers are thought to be important in CRC therapy. In this review, we focus on the ethnicity-based CRC disparities in the U.S., the negative effects of oxidative stress and apoptosis, and gene regulation in CRC carcinogenesis. We also highlight the use of antioxidants for CRC treatment, along with screening for certain regulatory genetic elements and oxidative stress indicators as potential biomarkers to determine the CRC risk and progression.
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Herbert KJ, Puliyadi R, Prevo R, Rodriguez-Berriguete G, Ryan A, Ramadan K, Higgins GS. Targeting TOPK sensitises tumour cells to radiation-induced damage by enhancing replication stress. Cell Death Differ 2021; 28:1333-1346. [PMID: 33168956 PMCID: PMC8027845 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00655-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
T-LAK-originated protein kinase (TOPK) overexpression is a feature of multiple cancers, yet is absent from most phenotypically normal tissues. As such, TOPK expression profiling and the development of TOPK-targeting pharmaceutical agents have raised hopes for its future potential in the development of targeted therapeutics. Results presented in this paper confirm the value of TOPK as a potential target for the treatment of solid tumours, and demonstrate the efficacy of a TOPK inhibitor (OTS964) when used in combination with radiation treatment. Using H460 and Calu-6 lung cancer xenograft models, we show that pharmaceutical inhibition of TOPK potentiates the efficacy of fractionated irradiation. Furthermore, we provide in vitro evidence that TOPK plays a hitherto unknown role during S phase, showing that TOPK depletion increases fork stalling and collapse under conditions of replication stress and exogenous DNA damage. Transient knockdown of TOPK was shown to impair recovery from fork stalling and to increase the formation of replication-associated single-stranded DNA foci in H460 lung cancer cells. We also show that TOPK interacts directly with CHK1 and Cdc25c, two key players in the checkpoint signalling pathway activated after replication fork collapse. This study thus provides novel insights into the mechanism by which TOPK activity supports the survival of cancer cells, facilitating checkpoint signalling in response to replication stress and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine J Herbert
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Rathi Puliyadi
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Remko Prevo
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Gonzalo Rodriguez-Berriguete
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Anderson Ryan
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Kristijan Ramadan
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Geoff S Higgins
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK.
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25
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Maiani E, Milletti G, Nazio F, Holdgaard SG, Bartkova J, Rizza S, Cianfanelli V, Lorente M, Simoneschi D, Di Marco M, D'Acunzo P, Di Leo L, Rasmussen R, Montagna C, Raciti M, De Stefanis C, Gabicagogeascoa E, Rona G, Salvador N, Pupo E, Merchut-Maya JM, Daniel CJ, Carinci M, Cesarini V, O'sullivan A, Jeong YT, Bordi M, Russo F, Campello S, Gallo A, Filomeni G, Lanzetti L, Sears RC, Hamerlik P, Bartolazzi A, Hynds RE, Pearce DR, Swanton C, Pagano M, Velasco G, Papaleo E, De Zio D, Maya-Mendoza A, Locatelli F, Bartek J, Cecconi F. AMBRA1 regulates cyclin D to guard S-phase entry and genomic integrity. Nature 2021; 592:799-803. [PMID: 33854232 PMCID: PMC8864551 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian development, adult tissue homeostasis and the avoidance of severe diseases including cancer require a properly orchestrated cell cycle, as well as error-free genome maintenance. The key cell-fate decision to replicate the genome is controlled by two major signalling pathways that act in parallel-the MYC pathway and the cyclin D-cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-retinoblastoma protein (RB) pathway1,2. Both MYC and the cyclin D-CDK-RB axis are commonly deregulated in cancer, and this is associated with increased genomic instability. The autophagic tumour-suppressor protein AMBRA1 has been linked to the control of cell proliferation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we show that AMBRA1 is an upstream master regulator of the transition from G1 to S phase and thereby prevents replication stress. Using a combination of cell and molecular approaches and in vivo models, we reveal that AMBRA1 regulates the abundance of D-type cyclins by mediating their degradation. Furthermore, by controlling the transition from G1 to S phase, AMBRA1 helps to maintain genomic integrity during DNA replication, which counteracts developmental abnormalities and tumour growth. Finally, we identify the CHK1 kinase as a potential therapeutic target in AMBRA1-deficient tumours. These results advance our understanding of the control of replication-phase entry and genomic integrity, and identify the AMBRA1-cyclin D pathway as a crucial cell-cycle-regulatory mechanism that is deeply interconnected with genomic stability in embryonic development and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Maiani
- Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Giacomo Milletti
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Nazio
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Søs Grønbæk Holdgaard
- Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jirina Bartkova
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Salvatore Rizza
- Redox Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Valentina Cianfanelli
- Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Mar Lorente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniele Simoneschi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miriam Di Marco
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pasquale D'Acunzo
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luca Di Leo
- Melanoma Research Team, Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Rasmussen
- Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Costanza Montagna
- Redox Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marilena Raciti
- Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Estibaliz Gabicagogeascoa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gergely Rona
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nélida Salvador
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emanuela Pupo
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Joanna Maria Merchut-Maya
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- DNA Replication and Cancer Group, Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Colin J Daniel
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Marianna Carinci
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeriana Cesarini
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Alfie O'sullivan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yeon-Tae Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matteo Bordi
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Russo
- Section for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Danish Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Silvia Campello
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Gallo
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Filomeni
- Redox Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Letizia Lanzetti
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Turin, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Rosalie C Sears
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Petra Hamerlik
- Brain Tumor Biology Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Armando Bartolazzi
- Department of Pathology and Pathology Research Laboratory, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Robert E Hynds
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - David R Pearce
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Michele Pagano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guillermo Velasco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Papaleo
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniela De Zio
- Melanoma Research Team, Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Apolinar Maya-Mendoza
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- DNA Replication and Cancer Group, Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Genome Integrity Unit, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Francesco Cecconi
- Cell Stress and Survival Unit, Center for Autophagy, Recycling and Disease (CARD), Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Pediatric Onco-Hematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy.
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26
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Tu Y, Li X, Zhu X, Liu X, Guo C, Jia D, Tang TS. Determining the Fate of Neurons in SCA3: ATX3, a Rising Decision Maker in Response to DNA Stresses and Beyond. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:619911. [PMID: 33425926 PMCID: PMC7793700 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.619911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) and apoptosis are reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases including polyglutamine (polyQ) disorders, such as Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) and Huntington's disease (HD). Consistently, an increasing body of studies provide compelling evidence for the crucial roles of ATX3, whose polyQ expansion is defined as the cause of SCA3, in the maintenance of genome integrity and regulation of apoptosis. The polyQ expansion in ATX3 seems to affect its physiological functions in these distinct pathways. These advances have expanded our understanding of the relationship between ATX3's cellular functions and the underlying molecular mechanism of SCA3. Interestingly, dysregulated DDR pathways also contribute to the pathogenesis of other neurodegenerative disorder such as HD, which presents a common molecular mechanism yet distinct in detail among different diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current studies about the physiological roles of ATX3 in DDR and related apoptosis, highlighting the crosslinks between these impaired pathways and the pathogenesis of SCA3. Moreover, whether these mechanisms are shared in other neurodegenerative diseases are analyzed. Finally, the preclinical studies targeting DDR and related apoptosis for treatment of polyQ disorders including SCA3 and HD are also summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Tu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xuefei Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Genome Stability & Disease Prevention, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaokang Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Beijing Institute of Genomics (China National Center for Bioinformation), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tie-Shan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Lehrke MJ, Shapiro MJ, Rajcula MJ, Kennedy MM, McCue SA, Medina KL, Shapiro VS. The mitochondrial iron transporter ABCB7 is required for B cell development, proliferation, and class switch recombination in mice. eLife 2021; 10:69621. [PMID: 34762046 PMCID: PMC8585479 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are cofactors essential for the activity of numerous enzymes including DNA polymerases, helicases, and glycosylases. They are synthesized in the mitochondria as Fe-S intermediates and are exported to the cytoplasm for maturation by the mitochondrial transporter ABCB7. Here, we demonstrate that ABCB7 is required for bone marrow B cell development, proliferation, and class switch recombination, but is dispensable for peripheral B cell homeostasis in mice. Conditional deletion of ABCB7 using Mb1-cre resulted in a severe block in bone marrow B cell development at the pro-B cell stage. The loss of ABCB7 did not alter expression of transcription factors required for B cell specification or commitment. While increased intracellular iron was observed in ABCB7-deficient pro-B cells, this did not lead to increased cellular or mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, ferroptosis, or apoptosis. Interestingly, loss of ABCB7 led to replication-induced DNA damage in pro-B cells, independent of VDJ recombination, and these cells had evidence of slowed DNA replication. Stimulated ABCB7-deficient splenic B cells from CD23-cre mice also had a striking loss of proliferation and a defect in class switching. Thus, ABCB7 is essential for early B cell development, proliferation, and class switch recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kay L Medina
- Department of Immunology, Mayo ClinicRochesterUnited States
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28
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Waters T, Goss KL, Koppenhafer SL, Terry WW, Gordon DJ. Eltrombopag inhibits the proliferation of Ewing sarcoma cells via iron chelation and impaired DNA replication. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1171. [PMID: 33256675 PMCID: PMC7706234 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07668-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment of Ewing sarcoma, an aggressive bone and soft tissue sarcoma, is associated with suboptimal outcomes and significant side-effects. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapies that will improve outcomes for children and adults with Ewing sarcoma tumors while also decreasing treatment-related toxicities. Methods We analyzed data from the PRISM drug repurposing screen, which tested the activity of 4518 drugs across 578 cancer cell lines, to identify drugs that selectively inhibit the growth of Ewing sarcoma cell lines. We then tested the effects of a top hit from the screen on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and activation of the DNA damage pathway using Ewing sarcoma cell lines. We also used a CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout approach to investigate the role of Schlafen 11 (SLFN11), a restriction factor for DNA replication stress that is overexpressed in Ewing sarcoma tumors, in mediating the sensitivity of Ewing sarcoma cells to the drug. Results We found that eltrombopag, an FDA-approved thrombopoietin-receptor agonist (TPO-RA) that is currently being evaluated as a treatment for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, inhibits the growth of Ewing sarcoma cell lines in vitro in proliferation and colony formation assays. However, from a mechanistic standpoint, the thrombopoietin receptor is not expressed in Ewing sarcoma cells and we show that eltrombopag impairs DNA replication and causes DNA damage in Ewing sarcoma cells by chelating iron, a known “off-target” effect of the drug. We also found that the sensitivity of Ewing sarcoma cells to eltrombopag is mediated, in part, by SLFN11, which regulates the cellular response to DNA replication stress. Conclusions Ewing sarcoma cell lines are sensitive to eltrombopag and this drug could improve outcomes for patients with Ewing sarcoma tumors by both targeting the tumor, via chelation of iron and inhibition of DNA replication, and reducing chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, via stimulation of the thrombopoietin receptor. Supplementary Information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12885-020-07668-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torin Waters
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, 25 S Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Kelli L Goss
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, 25 S Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - Stacia L Koppenhafer
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, 25 S Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - William W Terry
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, 25 S Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA
| | - David J Gordon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Iowa, 25 S Grand Avenue, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, USA.
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Chronic exposure to the gibberellin derivative GA-13315 sensitizes breast cancer MCF-7 cells but not colon cancer HCT116 cells to irinotecan. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:281. [PMID: 33014159 PMCID: PMC7520751 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
13-Chlorine-3,15-dioxy-gibberellic acid methyl ester (GA-13315) is a gibberellin derivative that exhibits selective cytotoxicity to multidrug resistant MCF-7/ADR cells and reverses drug resistance when administered at subtoxic doses in combination with chemotherapy drugs. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic GA-13315 exposure on the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 and HCT116 cell lines. Cells were administered a subtoxic dose of 1 µM GA-13315 for 12 weeks and the sensitivity of the cells to GA-13315, irinotecan and cisplatin, was assessed. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay results demonstrated that the chronic exposure did not induce resistance to GA-13315, in either MCF-7 or HCT116 cells. Notably, MCF-7 cells were sensitized to irinotecan following exposure to GA-13315; however, HCT116 cells were not. The sensitizing effect of GA-13315 was associated with the alterations of topoisomerase 1 (Top1) protein expression, tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 1 and checkpoint kinase 1. Further analysis indicated that GA-13315 caused DNA fragmentation; however, DNA damage was not mediated by a Top1-dependent molecular mechanism, as GA-13315 was revealed not to be a Top1 poison, despite inhibiting the catalytic activity of Top1. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that GA-13315 may be used for sensitizing MCF-7 cells to irinotecan, as the chronic exposure of GA-13315 to MCF-7 cells still showed sensitizing effects to irinotecan.
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Carnosic acid increases sorafenib-induced inhibition of ERK1/2 and STAT3 signaling which contributes to reduced cell proliferation and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2020; 11:3129-3143. [PMID: 32913557 PMCID: PMC7443370 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has increasing worldwide incidence but when unresectable lacks curative options. Treatment with a kinase inhibitor Sorafenib (Sf), while initially effective, results in only short increases in patient survival, thus there is a need for improved treatment regimens. Numerous treatment regimens have been explored wherein Sf is combined with other agents, such as non-toxic botanicals like Curcumin or Silibinin. Recently, we have shown that carnosic acid (CA), a component of the food preservative Rosemary Extract, can markedly enhance the cytotoxic actions of Sf in several cell lines derived from HCC, but not in the cell line Hu1545 derived from normal hepatocytes. CA has been shown to enhance Sf-induced cell death in the neoplastic cell lines, principally due to the composite of increased apoptosis and cytotoxic autophagy. In the present study we focused on the mechanisms that underlie the reduced proliferation and survival of HCC cells when CA is added to Sf and how this relates to the increase in Sf-induced DNA damage as well as to the elevation of cytoplasmic levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, the elevation of ROS levels induced by Sf was increased by adding CA. We found that CA enhanced Sf-induced prolongation of cell cycle, and the overall decrease in cell growth was associated with reduced activation of both STAT3 transcription factor (TF) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (Erk)1/2. Our data suggest that a regimen incorporating CA, an inexpensive and non-toxic food additive, in the treatment of advanced HCC merits clinical evaluation.
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Ito SS, Nakagawa Y, Matsubayashi M, Sakaguchi YM, Kobashigawa S, Matsui TK, Nanaura H, Nakanishi M, Kitayoshi F, Kikuchi S, Kajihara A, Tamaki S, Sugie K, Kashino G, Takahashi A, Hasegawa M, Mori E, Kirita T. Inhibition of the ATR kinase enhances 5-FU sensitivity independently of nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:12946-12961. [PMID: 32675286 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticancer agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is cytotoxic and often used to treat various cancers. 5-FU is thought to inhibit the enzyme thymidylate synthase, which plays a role in nucleotide synthesis and has been found to induce single- and double-strand DNA breaks. ATR Ser/Thr kinase (ATR) is a principal kinase in the DNA damage response and is activated in response to UV- and chemotherapeutic drug-induced DNA replication stress, but its role in cellular responses to 5-FU is unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of ATR inhibition on 5-FU sensitivity of mammalian cells. Using immunoblotting, we found that 5-FU treatment dose-dependently induced the phosphorylation of ATR at the autophosphorylation site Thr-1989 and thereby activated its kinase. Administration of 5-FU with a specific ATR inhibitor remarkably decreased cell survival, compared with 5-FU treatment combined with other major DNA repair kinase inhibitors. Of note, the ATR inhibition enhanced induction of DNA double-strand breaks and apoptosis in 5-FU-treated cells. Using gene expression analysis, we found that 5-FU induced the activation of the intra-S cell-cycle checkpoint. Cells lacking BRCA2 were sensitive to 5-FU in the presence of ATR inhibitor. Moreover, ATR inhibition enhanced the efficacy of the 5-FU treatment, independently of the nonhomologous end-joining and homologous recombination repair pathways. These findings suggest that ATR could be a potential therapeutic target in 5-FU-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro S Ito
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yosuke Nakagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Masaya Matsubayashi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko M Sakaguchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shinko Kobashigawa
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Takeshi K Matsui
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan; Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Hitoki Nanaura
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan; Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Mari Nakanishi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Fumika Kitayoshi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Sotaro Kikuchi
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Atsuhisa Kajihara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Tamaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Kazuma Sugie
- Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Genro Kashino
- Radioisotope Research Center, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Masatoshi Hasegawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Mori
- Department of Future Basic Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
| | - Tadaaki Kirita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
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Al-Jomah N, Mukololo L, Anjum A, Al Madadha M, Patel R. Pds5A and Pds5B Display Non-redundant Functions in Mitosis and Their Loss Triggers Chk1 Activation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:531. [PMID: 32760717 PMCID: PMC7372117 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pds5 is an abundant HEAT-repeat-containing protein that binds to cohesin and mediates sister chromatid cohesion. In vertebrates, Pds5A and Pds5B are known to protect DNA replication fork, as their loss leads to DNA damage. Pds5 interacts directly with Wapl, to remove cohesin during mitosis. Aim To analyze the effects of the loss of Pds5 proteins-mediated DNA damage on the cell cycle checkpoints and to examine the possibility that Pds5 proteins have an overlapping function. Methods We first analyzed the cell cycle regulation of Pds5 proteins and defects in S-phase; DNA damage was confirmed after Pds5A/B knockdown. The activation of cell cycle checkpoints and apoptosis were examined by the level of p-Chk1S317, MAD2 localization, and the level of pro-apoptotic markers, respectively. Results Pds5 proteins dissociated from chromatin in a stepwise manner, and their loss led to activation of pro-apoptotic markers associated with the phosphorylation of Chk1S317 due to DNA damage. Depletion of either Pds5A or Pds5B alone increased Smc3 acetylation in perturbed cell cycle, while depletion of both proteins severely impaired Smc3 acetylation. Moreover, the loss of Pds5A/Pds5B activated the SAC in an ATR-Chk1-dependent manner and stabilized Wapl on chromatin. The depletion of Chk1 rescued the S-phase delay associated with Pds5 depletion and significantly increased mitotic catastrophe. Conclusion Pds5A and Pds5B display overlapping functions in facilitating Smc3 acetylation. Somewhat paradoxically, they also have non-redundant functions in terms of cohesin removal due to the activated surveillance mechanism that leads to phosphorylation of Chk1S317.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Al-Jomah
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Molecular Oncology Department, Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lubinda Mukololo
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Awais Anjum
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Al Madadha
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Raj Patel
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
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León TE, Rapoz-D'Silva T, Bertoli C, Rahman S, Magnussen M, Philip B, Farah N, Richardson SE, Ahrabi S, Guerra-Assunção JA, Gupta R, Nacheva EP, Henderson S, Herrero J, Linch DC, de Bruin RAM, Mansour MR. EZH2-Deficient T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Is Sensitized to CHK1 Inhibition through Enhanced Replication Stress. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:998-1017. [PMID: 32349972 PMCID: PMC7611258 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-0789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations of EZH2, the enzymatic component of PRC2, have been associated with poor outcome and chemotherapy resistance in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Using isogenic T-ALL cells, with and without CRISPR/Cas9-induced EZH2-inactivating mutations, we performed a cell-based synthetic lethal drug screen. EZH2-deficient cells exhibited increased sensitivity to structurally diverse inhibitors of CHK1, an interaction that could be validated genetically. Furthermore, small-molecule inhibition of CHK1 had efficacy in delaying tumor progression in isogenic EZH2-deficient, but not EZH2 wild-type, T-ALL cells in vivo, as well as in a primary cell model of PRC2-mutant ALL. Mechanistically, EZH2 deficiency resulted in a gene-expression signature of immature T-ALL cells, marked transcriptional upregulation of MYCN, increased replication stress, and enhanced dependency on CHK1 for cell survival. Finally, we demonstrate this phenotype is mediated through derepression of a distal PRC2-regulated MYCN enhancer. In conclusion, we highlight a novel and clinically exploitable pathway in high-risk EZH2-mutated T-ALL. SIGNIFICANCE: Loss-of-function mutations of PRC2 genes are associated with chemotherapy resistance in T-ALL, yet no specific therapy for this aggressive subtype is currently clinically available. Our work demonstrates that loss of EZH2 activity leads to MYCN-driven replication stress, resulting in increased sensitivity to CHK1 inhibition, a finding with immediate clinical relevance.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 890.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa E León
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya Rapoz-D'Silva
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cosetta Bertoli
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sunniyat Rahman
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Magnussen
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Philip
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Farah
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon E Richardson
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Ahrabi
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rajeev Gupta
- Stem Cell Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth P Nacheva
- Health Service Laboratories LLP, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Henderson
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Javier Herrero
- Bill Lyons Informatics Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David C Linch
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robertus A M de Bruin
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marc R Mansour
- Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Hubackova S, Davidova E, Boukalova S, Kovarova J, Bajzikova M, Coelho A, Terp MG, Ditzel HJ, Rohlena J, Neuzil J. Replication and ribosomal stress induced by targeting pyrimidine synthesis and cellular checkpoints suppress p53-deficient tumors. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:110. [PMID: 32034120 PMCID: PMC7007433 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
p53-mutated tumors often exhibit increased resistance to standard chemotherapy and enhanced metastatic potential. Here we demonstrate that inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), a key enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway, effectively decreases proliferation of cancer cells via induction of replication and ribosomal stress in a p53- and checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1)-dependent manner. Mechanistically, a block in replication and ribosomal biogenesis result in p53 activation paralleled by accumulation of replication forks that activate the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase/Chk1 pathway, both of which lead to cell cycle arrest. Since in the absence of functional p53 the cell cycle arrest fully depends on Chk1, combined DHODH/Chk1 inhibition in p53-dysfunctional cancer cells induces aberrant cell cycle re-entry and erroneous mitosis, resulting in massive cell death. Combined DHODH/Chk1 inhibition effectively suppresses p53-mutated tumors and their metastasis, and therefore presents a promising therapeutic strategy for p53-mutated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Hubackova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic.
| | - Eliska Davidova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stepana Boukalova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromira Kovarova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bajzikova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Ana Coelho
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Mikkel G Terp
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark.,Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic. .,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.
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35
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Nilchan N, Li X, Pedzisa L, Nanna AR, Roush WR, Rader C. Dual-mechanistic antibody-drug conjugate via site-specific selenocysteine/cysteine conjugation. Antib Ther 2019; 2:71-78. [PMID: 31930187 PMCID: PMC6953743 DOI: 10.1093/abt/tbz009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While all clinically translated antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) contain a single-drug payload, most systemic cancer chemotherapies involve use of a combination of drugs. These regimens improve treatment outcomes and slow development of drug resistance. We here report the generation of an ADC with a dual-drug payload that combines two distinct mechanisms of action. Methods Virtual DNA crosslinking agent PNU-159682 and tubulin polymerization inhibitor monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) were conjugated to a HER2-targeting antibody via site-specific conjugation at engineered selenocysteine and cysteine residues (thio-selenomab). Results The dual-drug ADC showed selective and potent cytotoxicity against HER2-expressing cell lines and exhibited dual mechanisms of action consistent with the attached drugs. While PNU-159682 caused S-phase cell cycle arrest due to its DNA-damaging activity, MMAF simultaneously inhibited tubulin polymerization and caused G2/M-phase cell cycle arrest. Conclusion The thio-selenomab platform enables the assembly of dual-drug ADCs with two distinct mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napon Nilchan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Xiuling Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Lee Pedzisa
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Alex R Nanna
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - William R Roush
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Christoph Rader
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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36
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Parmar K, Kochupurakkal BS, Lazaro JB, Wang ZC, Palakurthi S, Kirschmeier PT, Yang C, Sambel LA, Farkkila A, Reznichenko E, Reavis HD, Dunn CE, Zou L, Do KT, Konstantinopoulos PA, Matulonis UA, Liu JF, D’Andrea AD, Shapiro GI. The CHK1 Inhibitor Prexasertib Exhibits Monotherapy Activity in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Models and Sensitizes to PARP Inhibition. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6127-6140. [PMID: 31409614 PMCID: PMC6801076 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE PARP inhibitors are approved for the treatment of high-grade serous ovarian cancers (HGSOC). Therapeutic resistance, resulting from restoration of homologous recombination (HR) repair or replication fork stabilization, is a pressing clinical problem. We assessed the activity of prexasertib, a checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) inhibitor known to cause replication catastrophe, as monotherapy and in combination with the PARP inhibitor olaparib in preclinical models of HGSOC, including those with acquired PARP inhibitor resistance. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Prexasertib was tested as a single agent or in combination with olaparib in 14 clinically annotated and molecularly characterized luciferized HGSOC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and in a panel of ovarian cancer cell lines. The ability of prexasertib to impair HR repair and replication fork stability was also assessed. RESULTS Prexasertib monotherapy demonstrated antitumor activity across the 14 PDX models. Thirteen models were resistant to olaparib monotherapy, including 4 carrying BRCA1 mutation. The combination of olaparib with prexasertib was synergistic and produced significant tumor growth inhibition in an olaparib-resistant model and further augmented the degree and durability of response in the olaparib-sensitive model. HGSOC cell lines, including those with acquired PARP inhibitor resistance, were also sensitive to prexasertib, associated with induction of DNA damage and replication stress. Prexasertib also sensitized these cell lines to PARP inhibition and compromised both HR repair and replication fork stability. CONCLUSIONS Prexasertib exhibits monotherapy activity in PARP inhibitor-resistant HGSOC PDX and cell line models, reverses restored HR and replication fork stability, and synergizes with PARP inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalindi Parmar
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bose S. Kochupurakkal
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jean-Bernard Lazaro
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhigang C. Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sangeetha Palakurthi
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul T. Kirschmeier
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chunyu Yang
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Larissa A. Sambel
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anniina Farkkila
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizaveta Reznichenko
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hunter D Reavis
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Connor E. Dunn
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lee Zou
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Khanh T. Do
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Panagiotis A. Konstantinopoulos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ursula A. Matulonis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joyce F. Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alan D. D’Andrea
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Geoffrey I. Shapiro
- Center for DNA Damage and Repair, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Zika Virus Infection Induces DNA Damage Response in Human Neural Progenitors That Enhances Viral Replication. J Virol 2019; 93:JVI.00638-19. [PMID: 31375586 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00638-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection attenuates the growth of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs). As these hNPCs generate the cortical neurons during early brain development, the ZIKV-mediated growth retardation potentially contributes to the neurodevelopmental defects of the congenital Zika syndrome. Here, we investigate the mechanism by which ZIKV manipulates the cell cycle in hNPCs and the functional consequence of cell cycle perturbation on the replication of ZIKV and related flaviviruses. We demonstrate that ZIKV, but not dengue virus (DENV), induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), triggering the DNA damage response through the ATM/Chk2 signaling pathway while suppressing the ATR/Chk1 signaling pathway. Furthermore, ZIKV infection impedes the progression of cells through S phase, thereby preventing the completion of host DNA replication. Recapitulation of the S-phase arrest state with inhibitors led to an increase in ZIKV replication, but not of West Nile virus or DENV. Our data identify ZIKV's ability to induce DSBs and suppress host DNA replication, which results in a cellular environment favorable for its replication.IMPORTANCE Clinically, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection can lead to developmental defects in the cortex of the fetal brain. How ZIKV triggers this event in developing neural cells is not well understood at a molecular level and likely requires many contributing factors. ZIKV efficiently infects human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) and leads to growth arrest of these cells, which are critical for brain development. Here, we demonstrate that infection with ZIKV, but not dengue virus, disrupts the cell cycle of hNPCs by halting DNA replication during S phase and inducing DNA damage. We further show that ZIKV infection activates the ATM/Chk2 checkpoint but prevents the activation of another checkpoint, the ATR/Chk1 pathway. These results unravel an intriguing mechanism by which an RNA virus interrupts host DNA replication. Finally, by mimicking virus-induced S-phase arrest, we show that ZIKV manipulates the cell cycle to benefit viral replication.
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Fragkos M, Barra V, Egger T, Bordignon B, Lemacon D, Naim V, Coquelle A. Dicer prevents genome instability in response to replication stress. Oncotarget 2019; 10:4407-4423. [PMID: 31320994 PMCID: PMC6633883 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dicer, an endoribonuclease best-known for its role in microRNA biogenesis and RNA interference pathway, has been shown to play a role in the DNA damage response and repair of double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) in mammalian cells. However, it remains unknown whether Dicer is also important to preserve genome integrity upon replication stress. To address this question, we focused our study on common fragile sites (CFSs), which are susceptible to breakage after replication stress. We show that inhibition of the Dicer pathway leads to an increase in CFS expression upon induction of replication stress and to an accumulation of 53BP1 nuclear bodies, indicating transmission of replication-associated damage. We also show that in absence of a functional Dicer or Drosha, the assembly into nuclear foci of the Fanconi anemia (FA) protein FANCD2 and of the replication and checkpoint factor TopBP1 in response to replication stress is impaired, and the activation of the S-phase checkpoint is defective. Based on these results, we propose that Dicer pre-vents genomic instability after replication stress, by allowing the proper recruitment to stalled forks of proteins that are necessary to maintain replication fork stability and activate the S-phase checkpoint, thus limiting cells from proceeding into mitosis with under-replicated DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis Fragkos
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Laboratory of Genetic Instability and Oncogenesis, UMR 8200 CNRS, University Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Viviana Barra
- Laboratory of Genetic Instability and Oncogenesis, UMR 8200 CNRS, University Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tom Egger
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Benoit Bordignon
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Lemacon
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Present address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Doisy Research Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Valeria Naim
- Laboratory of Genetic Instability and Oncogenesis, UMR 8200 CNRS, University Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Arnaud Coquelle
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Pai CC, Hsu KF, Durley SC, Keszthelyi A, Kearsey SE, Rallis C, Folkes LK, Deegan R, Wilkins SE, Pfister SX, De León N, Schofield CJ, Bähler J, Carr AM, Humphrey TC. An essential role for dNTP homeostasis following CDK-induced replication stress. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs226969. [PMID: 30674555 PMCID: PMC6451416 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.226969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Replication stress is a common feature of cancer cells, and thus a potentially important therapeutic target. Here, we show that cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-induced replication stress, resulting from Wee1 inactivation, is synthetic lethal with mutations disrupting dNTP homeostasis in fission yeast. Wee1 inactivation leads to increased dNTP demand and replication stress through CDK-induced firing of dormant replication origins. Subsequent dNTP depletion leads to inefficient DNA replication, DNA damage and to genome instability. Cells respond to this replication stress by increasing dNTP supply through histone methyltransferase Set2-dependent MBF-induced expression of Cdc22, the catalytic subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). Disrupting dNTP synthesis following Wee1 inactivation, through abrogating Set2-dependent H3K36 tri-methylation or DNA integrity checkpoint inactivation results in critically low dNTP levels, replication collapse and cell death, which can be rescued by increasing dNTP levels. These findings support a 'dNTP supply and demand' model in which maintaining dNTP homeostasis is essential to prevent replication catastrophe in response to CDK-induced replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chun Pai
- CRUK-MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Kuo-Feng Hsu
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Samuel C Durley
- CRUK-MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Andrea Keszthelyi
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Stephen E Kearsey
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Zoology Research & Administration Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Charalampos Rallis
- Research Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
- School of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, Stratford Campus, E15 4LZ, London, UK
| | - Lisa K Folkes
- CRUK-MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Rachel Deegan
- CRUK-MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sarah E Wilkins
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Sophia X Pfister
- CRUK-MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Nagore De León
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Zoology Research & Administration Building, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Christopher J Schofield
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jürg Bähler
- Research Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Antony M Carr
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Timothy C Humphrey
- CRUK-MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
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Murai J, Tang SW, Leo E, Baechler SA, Redon CE, Zhang H, Al Abo M, Rajapakse VN, Nakamura E, Jenkins LMM, Aladjem MI, Pommier Y. SLFN11 Blocks Stressed Replication Forks Independently of ATR. Mol Cell 2019; 69:371-384.e6. [PMID: 29395061 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SLFN11 sensitizes cancer cells to a broad range of DNA-targeted therapies. Here we show that, in response to replication stress induced by camptothecin, SLFN11 tightly binds chromatin at stressed replication foci via RPA1 together with the replication helicase subunit MCM3. Unlike ATR, SLFN11 neither interferes with the loading of CDC45 and PCNA nor inhibits the initiation of DNA replication but selectively blocks fork progression while inducing chromatin opening across replication initiation sites. The ATPase domain of SLFN11 is required for chromatin opening, replication block, and cell death but not for the tight binding of SLFN11 to chromatin. Replication stress by the CHK1 inhibitor Prexasertib also recruits SLFN11 to nascent replicating DNA together with CDC45 and PCNA. We conclude that SLFN11 is recruited to stressed replication forks carrying extended RPA filaments where it blocks replication by changing chromatin structure across replication sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Murai
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Sai-Wen Tang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elisabetta Leo
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Simone A Baechler
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christophe E Redon
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Muthana Al Abo
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vinodh N Rajapakse
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eijiro Nakamura
- DSK project, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8397, Japan
| | - Lisa M Miller Jenkins
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mirit I Aladjem
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Kim SM, Forsburg SL. Regulation of Structure-Specific Endonucleases in Replication Stress. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9120634. [PMID: 30558228 PMCID: PMC6316474 DOI: 10.3390/genes9120634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Replication stress results in various forms of aberrant replication intermediates that need to be resolved for faithful chromosome segregation. Structure-specific endonucleases (SSEs) recognize DNA secondary structures rather than primary sequences and play key roles during DNA repair and replication stress. Holliday junction resolvase MUS81 (methyl methane sulfonate (MMS), and UV-sensitive protein 81) and XPF (xeroderma pigmentosum group F-complementing protein) are a subset of SSEs that resolve aberrant replication structures. To ensure genome stability and prevent unnecessary DNA breakage, these SSEs are tightly regulated by the cell cycle and replication checkpoints. We discuss the regulatory network that control activities of MUS81 and XPF and briefly mention other SSEs involved in the resolution of replication intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Min Kim
- Program in Molecular & Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
| | - Susan L Forsburg
- Program in Molecular & Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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42
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Moreno NC, Garcia CCM, Rocha CRR, Munford V, Menck CFM. ATR/Chk1 Pathway is Activated by Oxidative Stress in Response to UVA Light in Human Xeroderma Pigmentosum Variant Cells. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:345-354. [PMID: 30362123 DOI: 10.1111/php.13041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The crucial role of DNA polymerase eta in protecting against sunlight-induced tumors is evidenced in Xeroderma Pigmentosum Variant (XP-V) patients, who carry mutations in this protein and present increased frequency of skin cancer. XP-V cellular phenotypes may be aggravated if proteins of DNA damage response (DDR) pathway are blocked, as widely demonstrated by experiments with UVC light and caffeine. However, little is known about the participation of DDR in XP-V cells exposed to UVA light, the wavelengths patients are mostly exposed. Here, we demonstrate the participation of ATR kinase in protecting XP-V cells after receiving low UVA doses using a specific inhibitor, with a remarkable increase in sensitivity and γH2AX signaling. Corroborating ATR participation in UVA-DDR, a significant increase in Chk1 protein phosphorylation, as well as S-phase cell cycle arrest, is also observed. Moreover, the participation of oxidative stress is supported by the antioxidant action of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which significantly protects XP-V cells from UVA light, even in the presence of the ATR inhibitor. These findings indicate that the ATR/Chk1 pathway is activated to control UVA-induced oxidatively generated DNA damage and emphasizes the role of ATR kinase as a mediator of genomic stability in pol eta defective cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Cestari Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Veridiana Munford
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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43
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Mechanistic considerations in chemotherapeutic activity of caffeine. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:312-319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Rodriguez-Acebes S, Mourón S, Méndez J. Uncoupling fork speed and origin activity to identify the primary cause of replicative stress phenotypes. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:12855-12861. [PMID: 29959228 PMCID: PMC6102153 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In growing cells, DNA replication precedes mitotic cell division to transmit genetic information to the next generation. The slowing or stalling of DNA replication forks at natural or exogenous obstacles causes “replicative stress” that promotes genomic instability and affects cellular fitness. Replicative stress phenotypes can be characterized at the single-molecule level with DNA combing or stretched DNA fibers, but interpreting the results obtained with these approaches is complicated by the fact that the speed of replication forks is connected to the frequency of origin activation. Primary alterations in fork speed trigger secondary responses in origins, and, conversely, primary alterations in the number of active origins induce compensatory changes in fork speed. Here, by employing interventions that temporally restrict either fork speed or origin firing while still allowing interrogation of the other variable, we report a set of experimental conditions to separate cause and effect in any manipulation that affects DNA replication dynamics. Using HeLa cells and chemical inhibition of origin activity (through a CDC7 kinase inhibitor) and of DNA synthesis (via the DNA polymerase inhibitor aphidicolin), we found that primary effects of replicative stress on velocity of replisomes (fork rate) can be readily distinguished from primary effects on origin firing. Identifying the primary cause of replicative stress in each case as demonstrated here may facilitate the design of methods to counteract replication stress in primary cells or to enhance it in cancer cells to increase their susceptibility to therapies that target DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodriguez-Acebes
- DNA Replication Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 3 Melchor Fernández Almagro, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvana Mourón
- DNA Replication Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 3 Melchor Fernández Almagro, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Méndez
- DNA Replication Group, Molecular Oncology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, 3 Melchor Fernández Almagro, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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45
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Wang S, Zhang Y, Chen M, Wang Y, Feng Y, Xu Z, Zhang D, Sun Y, Fu Z. Association of genetic variants in ATR-CHEK1 and ATM-CHEK2 pathway genes with risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26616-26624. [PMID: 29928473 PMCID: PMC6003554 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ATR-CHEK1 and ATM-CHEK2 pathway have been confirmed to be related with the DNA damage response (DDR). Many studies have reported that genetic variants in ATR/CHEK1 and ATM/CHEK2 are associated with cancer risk. However, the association between genetic variants in ATR-CHEK1, ATM-CHEK2 pathway genes and colorectal cancer susceptibility is still unknown. In this study, we aim to explore whether these variants are correlated with the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population. METHODS A hospital-based case-control study, including 1,121 cases and 1,056 controls was conducted to evaluate the association between eight selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs35514263 in ATR; rs492510, rs558351 in CHKE1; rs189037 in ATM; rs2236141, rs5762748, rs2236142 and rs9620817 in CHEK2) in ATR-CHEK1 and ATM-CHEK2 pathways and the risk of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population by using TaqMan method. RESULTS Individuals with rs189037 A allele were found to have a significantly increased risk of colorectal cancer, compared to those carrying G allele [odds ratio(OR) = 1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02-1.47 in dominant model and OR= 1.14, 95%CI= 1.01-1.29 in additive model]. And this risk is more pronounced in elder people (>69), rectum, early stage and poorly grade. In addition, bioinformatic analysis showed that rs189037 may change the secondary structure. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide the evidence that rs189037 in ATM may increase the susceptibility of colorectal cancer in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziwei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zan Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Kotsantis P, Petermann E, Boulton SJ. Mechanisms of Oncogene-Induced Replication Stress: Jigsaw Falling into Place. Cancer Discov 2018; 8:537-555. [PMID: 29653955 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oncogene activation disturbs cellular processes and accommodates a complex landscape of changes in the genome that contribute to genomic instability, which accelerates mutation rates and promotes tumorigenesis. Part of this cellular turmoil involves deregulation of physiologic DNA replication, widely described as replication stress. Oncogene-induced replication stress is an early driver of genomic instability and is attributed to a plethora of factors, most notably aberrant origin firing, replication-transcription collisions, reactive oxygen species, and defective nucleotide metabolism.Significance: Replication stress is a fundamental step and an early driver of tumorigenesis and has been associated with many activated oncogenes. Deciphering the mechanisms that contribute to the replication stress response may provide new avenues for targeted cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the latest findings on the DNA replication stress response and examine the various mechanisms through which activated oncogenes induce replication stress. Cancer Discov; 8(5); 537-55. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Petermann
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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47
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Bhattacharya D, Hiregange D, Rao BJ. ATR kinase regulates its attenuation via PPM1D phosphatase recruitment to chromatin during recovery from DNA replication stress signalling. J Biosci 2018; 43:25-47. [PMID: 29485113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, in response to replication stress, DNA damage response kinase, ATR is activated, whose signalling abrogation leads to cell lethality due to aberrant fork remodelling and excessive origin firing. Here we report that inhibition of ATR kinase activity specifically during replication stress recovery results in persistent ATR signalling, evidenced by the presence of ATR-dependent phosphorylation marks (gamma H2AX, pChk1 and pRad17) and delayed cell cycle re-entry. Further, such disruption of ATR signalling attenuation leads to double-strand breaks, fork collapse and thereby 'replication catastrophe'. PPM1D phosphatase, a nucleolar localized protein, relocates to chromatin during replication stress and reverts back to nucleolus following stress recovery, under the control of ATR kinase action. Inhibition of ATR kinase activity, specifically during post replication stress, triggers dislodging of the chromatin-bound PPM1D from nucleus to cytoplasm followed by its degradation, thereby leading to persistence of activated ATR marks in the nuclei. Chemical inhibition of PPM1D activity or SiRNA mediated depletion of the protein during post replication stress recovery 'phenocopies' ATR kinase inhibition by failing to attenuate ATR signalling. Collectively, our observations suggest a novel role of ATR kinase in mediating its own signal attenuation via PPM1D recruitment to chromatin as an essential mechanism for restarting the stalled forks, cell-cycle re-entry and cellular recovery from replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debadrita Bhattacharya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400 005, India
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48
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Wayne J, Brooks T, Massey AJ. Inhibition of Chk1 with the small molecule inhibitor V158411 induces DNA damage and cell death in an unperturbed S-phase. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85033-85048. [PMID: 27829224 PMCID: PMC5356717 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chk1 kinase is a critical component of the DNA damage response checkpoint and Chk1 inhibitors are currently under clinical investigation. Chk1 suppresses oncogene-induced replication stress with Chk1 inhibitors demonstrating activity as a monotherapy in numerous cancer types. Understanding the mechanism by which Chk1 inhibitors induce DNA damage and cancer cell death is essential for their future clinical development. Here we characterize the mechanism by which the novel Chk1 inhibitor (V158411) increased DNA damage and cell death in models of human cancer. V158411 induced a time- and concentration-dependent increase in γH2AX-positive nuclei that was restricted to cells actively undergoing DNA synthesis. γH2AX induction was an early event and correlated with activation of the ATR/ATM/DNA-PKcs DNA damage response pathways. The appearance of γH2AX positive nuclei preceded ssDNA appearance and RPA exhaustion. Complete and sustained inhibition of Chk1 kinase was necessary to activate a robust γH2AX induction and growth inhibition. Chk1 inhibitor cytotoxicity correlated with induction of DNA damage with cells undergoing apoptosis, mitotic slippage and DNA damage-induced permanent cell cycle arrest. We identified two distinct classes of Chk1 inhibitors: those that induced a strong increase in γH2AX, pChk1 (S317) and pRPA32 (S4/S8) (including V158411, LY2603618 and ARRY-1A) and those that did not (including MK-8776 and GNE-900). Tumor cell death, induced through increased DNA damage, coupled with abrogation of cell cycle checkpoints makes selective inhibitors of Chk1 a potentially useful therapeutic treatment for multiple human cancers.
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49
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Bhattacharya D, Hiregange D, Rao BJ. ATR kinase regulates its attenuation via PPM1D phosphatase recruitment to chromatin during recovery from DNA replication stress signalling. J Biosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-018-9736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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50
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Kitao H, Iimori M, Kataoka Y, Wakasa T, Tokunaga E, Saeki H, Oki E, Maehara Y. DNA replication stress and cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:264-271. [PMID: 29168596 PMCID: PMC5797825 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA replication is one of the fundamental biological processes in which dysregulation can cause genome instability. This instability is one of the hallmarks of cancer and confers genetic diversity during tumorigenesis. Numerous experimental and clinical studies have indicated that most tumors have experienced and overcome the stresses caused by the perturbation of DNA replication, which is also referred to as DNA replication stress (DRS). When we consider therapeutic approaches for tumors, it is important to exploit the differences in DRS between tumor and normal cells. In this review, we introduce the current understanding of DRS in tumors and discuss the underlying mechanism of cancer therapy from the aspect of DRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kitao
- Department of Molecular Cancer BiologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Makoto Iimori
- Department of Molecular Cancer BiologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Department of Molecular Cancer BiologyGraduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.TokushimaIbarakiJapan
| | - Takeshi Wakasa
- Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.TokushimaIbarakiJapan
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Eriko Tokunaga
- Department of Breast OncologyNational Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer CenterFukuokaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Saeki
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Yoshihiko Maehara
- Department of Surgery and ScienceGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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