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Zhao M, Qiu D, Miao X, Yang W, Li S, Cheng X, Tang J, Chen H, Ruan H, Liu Y, Wei C, Xiao J. Melatonin Delays Arthritis Inflammation and Reduces Cartilage Matrix Degradation through the SIRT1-Mediated NF-κB/Nrf2/TGF-β/BMPs Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6202. [PMID: 38892389 PMCID: PMC11172638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cartilage, a flexible and smooth connective tissue that envelops the surfaces of synovial joints, relies on chondrocytes for extracellular matrix (ECM) production and the maintenance of its structural and functional integrity. Melatonin (MT), renowned for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, holds the potential to modulate cartilage regeneration and degradation. Therefore, the present study was devoted to elucidating the mechanism of MT on chondrocytes. The in vivo experiment consisted of three groups: Sham (only the skin tissue was incised), Model (using the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) method), and MT (30 mg/kg), with sample extraction following 12 weeks of administration. Pathological alterations in articular cartilage, synovium, and subchondral bone were evaluated using Safranin O-fast green staining. Immunohistochemistry (ICH) analysis was employed to assess the expression of matrix degradation-related markers. The levels of serum cytokines were quantified via Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays. In in vitro experiments, primary chondrocytes were divided into Control, Model, MT, negative control, and inhibitor groups. Western blotting (WB) and Quantitative RT-PCR (q-PCR) were used to detect Silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1)/Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)/Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)-related indicators. Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis was employed to examine the status of type II collagen (COL2A1), SIRT1, phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (p-p65), and phosphorylated mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (p-Smad2). In vivo results revealed that the MT group exhibited a relatively smooth cartilage surface, modest chondrocyte loss, mild synovial hyperplasia, and increased subchondral bone thickness. ICH results showed that MT downregulated the expression of components related to matrix degradation. ELISA results showed that MT reduced serum inflammatory cytokine levels. In vitro experiments confirmed that MT upregulated the expression of SIRT1/Nrf2/TGF-β/BMPs while inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and matrix degradation-related components. The introduction of the SIRT1 inhibitor Selisistat (EX527) reversed the effects of MT. Together, these findings suggest that MT has the potential to ameliorate inflammation, inhibit the release of matrix-degrading enzymes, and improve the cartilage condition. This study provides a new theoretical basis for understanding the role of MT in decelerating cartilage degradation and promoting chondrocyte repair in in vivo and in vitro cultured chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianhua Xiao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Z.); (D.Q.); (X.M.); (W.Y.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (H.R.); (Y.L.); (C.W.)
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Xiong Z, Peng G, Deng J, Liu M, Ning X, Zhuang Y, Yang H, Sun H. Therapeutic targets and potential delivery systems of melatonin in osteoarthritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1331934. [PMID: 38327517 PMCID: PMC10847247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1331934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent age-related musculoskeletal disorder that typically results in chronic pain and disability. OA is a multifactorial disease, with increased oxidative stress, dysregulated inflammatory response, and impaired matrix metabolism contributing to its onset and progression. The neurohormone melatonin, primarily synthesized by the pineal gland, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for OA due to its potential to alleviate inflammation, oxidative stress, and chondrocyte death with minimal adverse effects. The present review provides a comprehensive summary of the current understanding regarding melatonin as a promising pharmaceutical agent for the treatment of OA, along with an exploration of various delivery systems that can be utilized for melatonin administration. These findings may provide novel therapeutic strategies and targets for inhibiting the advancement of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Xiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guoxuan Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Emergence Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xu Ning
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Zhuang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Emergence Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Bagherifard A, Hosseinzadeh A, Koosha F, Sheibani M, Karimi-Behnagh A, Reiter RJ, Mehrzadi S. Melatonin and bone-related diseases: an updated mechanistic overview of current evidence and future prospects. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:1677-1701. [PMID: 37393580 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Bone diseases account for an enormous cost burden on health systems. Bone disorders are considered as age-dependent diseases. The aging of world population has encouraged scientists to further explore the most effective preventive modalities and therapeutic strategies to overcome and reduce the high cost of bone disorders. Herein, we review the current evidence of melatonin's therapeutic effects on bone-related diseases. METHODS This review summarized evidences from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies regarding the effects of melatonin on bone-related diseases, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms. Electronically, Scopus and MEDLINE®/PubMed databases were searched for articles published on melatonin and bone-related diseases from inception to June 2023. RESULTS The findings demonstrated that melatonin has beneficial effect in bone- and cartilage-related disorders such as osteoporosis, bone fracture healing, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, in addition to the control of sleep and circadian rhythms. CONCLUSION A number of animal and clinical studies have indicated that various biological effects of melatonin may suggest this molecule as an effective therapeutic agent for controlling, diminishing, or suppressing bone-related disorders. Therefore, further clinical studies are required to clarify whether melatonin can be effective in patients with bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Bagherifard
- Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Koosha
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sheibani
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, Long School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhao T, Li X, Li H, Deng H, Li J, Yang Z, He S, Jiang S, Sui X, Guo Q, Liu S. Advancing drug delivery to articular cartilage: From single to multiple strategies. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4127-4148. [PMID: 37799383 PMCID: PMC10547919 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage (AC) injuries often lead to cartilage degeneration and may ultimately result in osteoarthritis (OA) due to the limited self-repair ability. To date, numerous intra-articular delivery systems carrying various therapeutic agents have been developed to improve therapeutic localization and retention, optimize controlled drug release profiles and target different pathological processes. Due to the complex and multifactorial characteristics of cartilage injury pathology and heterogeneity of the cartilage structure deposited within a dense matrix, delivery systems loaded with a single therapeutic agent are hindered from reaching multiple targets in a spatiotemporal matched manner and thus fail to mimic the natural processes of biosynthesis, compromising the goal of full cartilage regeneration. Emerging evidence highlights the importance of sequential delivery strategies targeting multiple pathological processes. In this review, we first summarize the current status and progress achieved in single-drug delivery strategies for the treatment of AC diseases. Subsequently, we focus mainly on advances in multiple drug delivery applications, including sequential release formulations targeting various pathological processes, synergistic targeting of the same pathological process, the spatial distribution in multiple tissues, and heterogeneous regeneration. We hope that this review will inspire the rational design of intra-articular drug delivery systems (DDSs) in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xu Li
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Haoyuan Deng
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Songlin He
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuangpeng Jiang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Liang H, Yan Y, Sun W, Ma X, Su Z, Liu Z, Chen Y, Yu B. Preparation of Melatonin-Loaded Nanoparticles with Targeting and Sustained Release Function and Their Application in Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108740. [PMID: 37240086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) The vicious cycle of innate immune response and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is an important pathological process of osteoarthritis (OA). Melatonin may be a new hope for the treatment of OA because of its antioxidant capacity. However, the mechanism of melatonin in the treatment of OA is still not completely clear, and the physiological characteristics of articular cartilage make melatonin unable to play a long-term role in OA. (2) The effects of melatonin on ROS and the innate immune response system in OA chondrocytes and the therapeutic effect in vivo were evaluated. Then, a melatonin-loaded nano-delivery system (MT@PLGA-COLBP) was prepared and characterized. Finally, the behavior of MT@PLGA-COLPB in cartilage and the therapeutic effect in OA mice were evaluated. (3) Melatonin can inhibit the activation of the innate immune system by inhibiting the TLR2/4-MyD88-NFκB signal pathway and scavenging ROS, thus improving cartilage matrix metabolism and delaying the progression of OA in vivo. MT@PLGA-COLBP can reach the interior of cartilage and complete the accumulation in OA knee joints. At the same time, it can reduce the number of intra-articular injections and improve the utilization rate of melatonin in vivo. (4) This work provides a new idea for the treatment of osteoarthritis, updates the mechanism of melatonin in the treatment of osteoarthritis, and highlights the application prospect of PLGA@MT-COLBP nanoparticles in preventing OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Liang
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yiran Yan
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Xiaogang Ma
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhiwen Su
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhongxun Liu
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Ultrasound Medical Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
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6
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Li S, Si H, Xu J, Liu Y, Shen B. The therapeutic effect and mechanism of melatonin on osteoarthritis: From the perspective of non-coding RNAs. Front Genet 2022; 13:968919. [PMID: 36267400 PMCID: PMC9576930 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.968919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly progressing and irreversible joint disease. The existing non-surgical treatment can only delay its progress, making the early treatment of OA a research hotspot in recent years. Melatonin, a neurohormone mainly secreted by the pineal gland, has a variety of regulatory functions in different organs, and numerous studies have confirmed its therapeutic effect on OA. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute the majority of the human transcribed genome. Various ncRNAs show significant differentially expressed between healthy people and OA patients. ncRNAs play diverse roles in many cellular processes and have been implicated in many pathological conditions, especially OA. Interestingly, the latest research found a close interaction between ncRNAs and melatonin in regulating the pathogenesis of OA. This review discusses the current understanding of the melatonin-mediated modulation of ncRNAs in the early stage of OA. We also delineate the potential link between rhythm genes and ncRNAs in chondrocytes. This review will serve as a solid foundation to formulate ideas for future mechanistic studies on the therapeutic potential of melatonin and ncRNAs in OA and better explore the emerging functions of the ncRNAs.
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7
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Melatonin Prevents Chondrocyte Matrix Degradation in Rats with Experimentally Induced Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting Nuclear Factor-κB via SIRT1. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193966. [PMID: 36235621 PMCID: PMC9571821 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease characterized by an imbalance of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) breakdown and anabolism. Melatonin (MT) is one of the hormones secreted by the pineal gland of the brain and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging functions. To explore the role of MT in rats, we established an OA model in rats by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Safranin O-fast green staining showed that intraperitoneal injection of MT (30 mg/kg) could alleviate the degeneration of articular cartilage in ACLT rats. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis found that MT could up-regulate the expression levels of collagen type II and Aggrecan and inhibit the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), and ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 4 (ADAMTS-4) in ACLT rats. To elucidate the mechanism of MT in protecting the ECM in inflammatory factor-induced rat chondrocytes, we conducted in vitro experiments by co-culturing MT with a culture medium. Western blot (WB) showed that MT could promote the expression levels of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)/SMAD family member 2 (Smad2) and sirtuin 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) and inhibit the expression of levels of phosphorylated nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibi-tor (p-p65) and phosphorylated IκB kinase-α (p-IκBα). In addition, WB and real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results showed that MT could inhibit the expression levels of MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS-4, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in chondrocytes induced by interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and up-regulate the expression of chondroprotective protein type II collagen. We found that in vivo, MT treatment protected articular cartilage in the rat ACLT model. In IL-1β-induced rat chondrocytes, MT could reduce chondrocyte matrix degradation by up-regulating nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) signaling pathway-dependent expression of SIRT1 and protecting chondrocyte by activating the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway.
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Hart DA, Zernicke RF, Shrive NG. Homo sapiens May Incorporate Daily Acute Cycles of “Conditioning–Deconditioning” to Maintain Musculoskeletal Integrity: Need to Integrate with Biological Clocks and Circadian Rhythm Mediators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179949. [PMID: 36077345 PMCID: PMC9456265 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human evolution required adaptation to the boundary conditions of Earth, including 1 g gravity. The bipedal mobility of Homo sapiens in that gravitational field causes ground reaction force (GRF) loading of their lower extremities, influencing the integrity of the tissues of those extremities. However, humans usually experience such loading during the day and then a period of relative unloading at night. Many studies have indicated that loading of tissues and cells of the musculoskeletal (MSK) system can inhibit their responses to biological mediators such as cytokines and growth factors. Such findings raise the possibility that humans use such cycles of acute conditioning and deconditioning of the cells and tissues of the MSK system to elaborate critical mediators and responsiveness in parallel with these cycles, particularly involving GRF loading. However, humans also experience circadian rhythms with the levels of a number of mediators influenced by day/night cycles, as well as various levels of biological clocks. Thus, if responsiveness to MSK-generated mediators also occurs during the unloaded part of the daily cycle, that response must be integrated with circadian variations as well. Furthermore, it is also possible that responsiveness to circadian rhythm mediators may be regulated by MSK tissue loading. This review will examine evidence for the above scenario and postulate how interactions could be both regulated and studied, and how extension of the acute cycles biased towards deconditioning could lead to loss of tissue integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Hart
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Bone & Joint Health Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Ronald F. Zernicke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5328, USA
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48108-1048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2099, USA
| | - Nigel G. Shrive
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone & Joint Health Research, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Civil Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4V8, Canada
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Zhang Y, Hou M, Liu Y, Liu T, Chen X, Shi Q, Geng D, Yang H, He F, Zhu X. Recharge of chondrocyte mitochondria by sustained release of melatonin protects cartilage matrix homeostasis in osteoarthritis. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12815. [PMID: 35726138 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that the mitochondrial functions of chondrocytes are impaired in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Melatonin can attenuate cartilage degradation through its antioxidant functions. This study aims to investigate whether melatonin could rescue the impaired mitochondrial functions of OA chondrocytes and protect cartilage metabolism. OA chondrocytes showed a compromised matrix synthesis capacity associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant oxidative stress. In vitro treatments with melatonin promoted the expression of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) components, improved adenosine triphosphate production, and attenuated mitochondrial oxidative stress. Mechanistically, either silencing of SOD2 or inhibition of SIRT1 abolished the protective effects of melatonin on mitochondrial functions and ECM synthesis. To achieve a sustained release effect, a melatonin-laden drug delivery system (DDS) was developed and intra-articular injection with DDS successfully improved cartilage matrix degeneration in a posttraumatic rat OA model. These findings demonstrate that melatonin-mediated recharge of mitochondria to rescue the mitochondrial functions of chondrocytes represents a promising therapeutic strategy to protect cartilage from OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingzhuang Hou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Qin K, Tang H, Ren Y, Yang D, Li Y, Huang W, Wu Y, Yin Z. Melatonin promotes sirtuin 1 expression and inhibits IRE1α–XBP1S–CHOP to reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress–mediated apoptosis in chondrocytes. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:940629. [PMID: 36034777 PMCID: PMC9404507 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic disease characterized by a loss of chondrocytes and the degeneration of cartilage. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of OA via the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathway. In this study, we stimulated human primary chondrocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to reduce cell viability and induce chondrocyte apoptosis. LPS–stimulated human primary chondrocytes induced ER stress and significantly upregulated the ER chaperone glucose–regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and increased the expression level of C/EBP–homologous protein (CHOP), a key mediator of ER stress––induced apoptosis. Interestingly, melatonin treatment attenuated ER stress–mediated chondrocyte apoptosis. Melatonin inhibited the expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-10, Bax, CHOP, GRP78, cleaved caspase-4, phospho–inositol–requiring enzyme 1α (P-IRE1α), and spliced X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1S). In an anterior cruciate ligament transection mouse model of OA, melatonin (50 and 150 mg/kg) dose–dependently relieved joint cartilage degeneration and inhibitied of chondrocyte apoptosis. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that melatonin could promote SIRT1 the expression and inhibit CHOP and cleaved caspase-3 expression in OA mice. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate for the first time that melatonin inhibits the IRE1α-XBP1S-CHOP signaling pathway by promoting the expression of SIRT1 in LPS-treated human chondrocytes and delaying OA progression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunpeng Qin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yetian Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yunfeng Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfeng Wu, ; Zongsheng Yin,
| | - Zongsheng Yin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfeng Wu, ; Zongsheng Yin,
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11
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Zhang Y, Liu T, Yang H, He F, Zhu X. Melatonin: A novel candidate for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 78:101635. [PMID: 35483626 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by cartilage erosion, synovium inflammation, and subchondral bone remodeling, is a common joint degenerative disease worldwide. OA pathogenesis is regulated by multiple predisposing factors, including imbalanced matrix metabolism, aberrant inflammatory response, and excessive oxidative stress. Moreover, melatonin has been implicated in development of several degenerative disorders owing to its potent biological functions. With regards to OA, melatonin reportedly promotes synthesis of cartilage matrix, inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis, attenuation of inflammatory response, and suppression of matrix degradation by regulating the TGF-β, MAPK, or NF-κB signaling pathways. Notably, melatonin has been associated with amelioration of oxidative damage by restoring the OA-impaired intracellular antioxidant defense system in articular cartilage. Findings from preliminary application of melatonin or melatonin-loaded biomaterials in animal models have affirmed its potential anti-arthritic effects. Herein, we summarize the anti-arthritic effects of melatonin on OA cartilage and demonstrate that melatonin has potential therapeutic efficacy in treating OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
| | - Xuesong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China.
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12
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Yuan Z, Liu S, Song W, Liu Y, Bi G, Xie R, Ren L. Galactose Enhances Chondrogenic Differentiation of ATDC5 and Cartilage Matrix Formation by Chondrocytes. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:850778. [PMID: 35615738 PMCID: PMC9124793 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.850778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Galactose, an important carbohydrate nutrient, is involved in several types of cellular metabolism, participating in physiological activities such as glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis, glycosylation, and intercellular recognition. The regulatory effects of galactose on osteoarthritis have attracted increased attention. In this study, in vitro cell models of ATDC5 and chondrocytes were prepared and cultured with different concentrations of galactose to evaluate its capacity on chondrogenesis and cartilage matrix formation. The cell proliferation assay demonstrated that galactose was nontoxic to both ATDC5 cells and chondrocytes. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining indicated that the gene expressions of cartilage matrix type II collagen and aggrecan were significantly upregulated with increasing galactose concentration and the expression and accumulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) protein. Overall, these results indicated that a galactose concentration below 8 mM exhibited the best effect on promoting chondrogenesis, which entitles galactose as having considerable potential for cartilage repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongrun Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sa Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Sa Liu, ; Renjian Xie, ; Li Ren,
| | - Wenjing Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gangyuan Bi
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renjian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering Materials and Biofabrication, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Sa Liu, ; Renjian Xie, ; Li Ren,
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Sa Liu, ; Renjian Xie, ; Li Ren,
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13
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Circadian rhythm modulates endochondral bone formation via MTR1/AMPKβ1/BMAL1 signaling axis. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:874-887. [PMID: 35094018 PMCID: PMC8991200 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is a master regulator in coordinating daily oscillations of physiology and behaviors. Nevertheless, how the circadian rhythm affects endochondral ossification is poorly understood. Here we showed that endochondral bone formation exhibits circadian rhythms, manifested as fast DNA replication in the daytime, active cell mitosis, and matrix synthesis at night. Circadian rhythm disruption led to endochondral ossification deformities. The mechanistic dissection revealed that melatonin receptor 1 (MTR1) periodically activates the AMPKβ1 phosphorylation, which then orchestrates the rhythms of cell proliferation and matrix synthesis via destabilizing the clock component CRY1 and triggering BMAL1 expression. Accordingly, the AMPKβ1 agonist is capable of alleviating the abnormity of endochondral ossification caused by circadian dysrhythmias. Taken together, these findings indicated that the central circadian clock could control endochondral bone formation via the MTR1/AMPKβ1/BMAL1 signaling axis in chondrocytes. Also, our results suggested that the AMPKβ1 signaling activators are promising medications toward endochondral ossification deformities.
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14
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Liu SC, Tsai CH, Wang YH, Su CM, Wu HC, Fong YC, Yang SF, Tang CH. Melatonin abolished proinflammatory factor expression and antagonized osteoarthritis progression in vivo. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:215. [PMID: 35256585 PMCID: PMC8901806 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04656-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Progressive structural changes in osteoarthritis (OA) involve synovial inflammation and angiogenesis, as well as activation of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-8, and the angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The endogenous hormone melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is involved in antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities, but how it antagonizes OA progression via its specific receptors is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the MT1 melatonin receptor, but not the MT2 receptor, is highly expressed in normal tissue and only minimally in OA tissue. By targeting the MT1 receptor, melatonin reversed OA-induced pathology and effectively reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-8, and VEGF expression in OA synovial fibroblasts and synovium from rats with severe OA. Interestingly, we found that the anabolic activities of melatonin involved the MT1 receptor, which upregulated microRNA-185a through the PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways in OA synovial fibroblasts. Our investigation confirms the role of the MT1 receptor in melatonin-induced anti-catabolic effects in OA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Chi Liu
- Department of Medical Education and Research, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hao Tsai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ming Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chin Wu
- Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Beigang, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Fong
- Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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15
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Hemati K, Pourhanifeh MH, Fatemi I, Hosseinzadeh A, Mehrzadi S. Anti-degenerative effect of melatonin on intervertebral disc: protective contribution against inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:711-718. [PMID: 35034592 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220114151654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a leading cause of lower back pain. Although the etiology of IVD degeneration (IVDD) is unclear, excessive oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis and disruption of autophagy play important role in the pathogenesis of IVDD. Therefore, finding a solution to mitigate these processes could stop or reduce the development of IVDD. Melatonin, a powerful antioxidant, plays an important role in regulating cartilage tissue hemostasis. Melatonin inhibits destruction of extracellular matrix (ECM) of disc. Melatonin preserves ECM contents including sox-9, aggrecan, and collagen II through inhibiting matrix degeneration enzymes such as MMP-13. These protective effects may be mediated by the inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, and regulation of autophagy in IVD cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Iman Fatemi
- Research Center of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Melatonin Suppresses Apoptosis of Nucleus Pulposus Cells through Inhibiting Autophagy via the PI3K/Akt Pathway in a High-Glucose Culture. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4604258. [PMID: 34660789 PMCID: PMC8519679 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4604258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus- (DM-) associated hyperglycemia promotes apoptosis of disc nucleus pulposus (NP) cells, which is a contributor to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Melatonin is able to protect against cell apoptosis. However, its effects on apoptosis of NP cell in a high-glucose culture remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects and molecular mechanism of melatonin on NP cell apoptosis in a high-glucose culture. NP cells were cultured in the baseline medium supplemented with a high-glucose concentration (0.2 M) for 3 days. The control cells were only cultured in the baseline medium. Additionally, the pharmaceutical inhibitor LY294002 was added along with the culture medium to investigate the possible role of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Apoptosis, autophagy, and activity of the PI3K/Akt pathway of NP cells among these groups were evaluated. Compared with the control NP cells, high glucose significantly increased cell apoptosis ratio and caspase-3/caspase-9 activity and decreased mRNA expression of Bcl-2, whereas it increased mRNA or protein expression of Bax, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, and autophagy-related molecules (Atg3, Atg5, Beclin-1, and LC3-II) and decreased protein expression of p-Akt compared with the control cells. Additionally, melatonin partly inhibited the effects of high glucose on those parameters of cell apoptosis, autophagy, and activation of PI3K/Akt. In conclusion, melatonin attenuates apoptosis of NP cells through inhibiting the excessive autophagy via the PI3K/Akt pathway in a high-glucose culture. This study provides new theoretical basis of the protective effects of melatonin against disc degeneration in a DM patient.
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17
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Sumsuzzman DM, Choi J, Khan ZA, Kamenos G, Hong Y. Melatonin Maintains Anabolic-Catabolic Equilibrium and Regulates Circadian Rhythm During Osteoarthritis Development in Animal Models: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:714974. [PMID: 34603028 PMCID: PMC8484877 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.714974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The driving force behind osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis is an anabolic-catabolic (a/c) imbalance. Melatonin (MT) is a key player in maintaining a/c stability and mitigates OA pathogenesis, but mechanisms underlying its effects remain poorly understood. Objectives: We performed a systematic review analyzing the experimental data that support the clinical applicability of MT in the treatment of OA pathogenesis, placing particular emphasis on the regulation of circadian rhythms and a/c balance. Methods: Major electronic databases and grey literature were used to identify related original articles. Methodological quality of all selected studies was evaluated using the SYRCLE risk of bias tool. Pooled mean differences (MDs)/standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the effect size. Results: Eleven trials were included in this systematic review. Compared with the control group, MT significantly decreased the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β; SMD = −5.45; 95% CI [−6.78, −4.12]; p < 0.00001, and histological grading scale (SMD = −3.46; 95% CI, [−5.24, −1.68]; p < 0.0001). MT significantly increased the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1; SMD = 1.17; 95% CI [0.31, 2.03]; p < 0.0007). Furthermore, core circadian clock genes Per2 and Cry1 mRNA levels were regulated by MT treatment in OA progression. Conclusion: MT may maintain a/c balance and regulate circadian rhythms during OA development. MT could be used in as adjunct with other interventions to manage pain and OA severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewan Md Sumsuzzman
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Ubiquitous Healthcare and Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science and Engineering, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Choi
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Ubiquitous Healthcare and Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science and Engineering, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Khan
- Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Ubiquitous Healthcare and Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science and Engineering, Gimhae, Korea
| | - George Kamenos
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Ubiquitous Healthcare and Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
| | - Yonggeun Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Biohealth Products Research Center (BPRC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Ubiquitous Healthcare and Anti-aging Research Center (u-HARC), Inje University, Gimhae, Korea.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Healthcare Medical Science and Engineering, Gimhae, Korea.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MAUnited States
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18
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Lu KH, Lu PWA, Lu EWH, Tang CH, Su SC, Lin CW, Yang SF. The potential remedy of melatonin on osteoarthritis. J Pineal Res 2021; 71:e12762. [PMID: 34435392 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common arthritis worldwide, is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage breakdown, subchondral remodeling, and synovial inflammation. Although conventional pharmaceutical therapies aimed to prevent further cartilage loss and joint dysfunction, there are no ideal strategies that target the pathogenesis of OA. Melatonin exhibits a variety of regulatory properties by binding to specific receptors and downstream molecules and exerts a myriad of receptor-independent actions via intracellular targets as a chondrocyte protector, an anti-inflammation modulator, and a free radical scavenger. Melatonin also modulates cartilage regeneration and degradation by directly/indirectly regulating the expression of main circadian clock genes, such as transcriptional activators [brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein (Bmal) and circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (Clock)], transcriptional repressors [period circadian regulator (Per)1/2, cryptochrome (Cry)1/2, and Dec2], and nuclear hormone receptors [Rev-Erbs and retinoid acid-related orphan receptors (Rors)]. Owing to its effects on cartilage homeostasis, we propose a potential role for melatonin in the prevention and therapy of OA via the modulation of circadian clock genes, mitigation of chondrocyte apoptosis, anti-inflammatory activity, and scavenging of free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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19
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Feng ZY, Yang SD, Wang T, Guo S. Effect of Melatonin for Regulating Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Derived Extracellular Vesicles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717913. [PMID: 34540834 PMCID: PMC8440901 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone, synthesized in the pineal gland, which primarily controls the circadian rhythm of the body. In recent years, melatonin has also been shown to regulate metabolism, provide neuroprotection, and act as an anti-inflammatory, free radical scavenger. There has also been a recent research interest in the role of melatonin in regulating mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are pivotal for their ability to differentiate into a variety of different tissues. There is also increasing evidence for the therapeutic prospects of MSCs via paracrine signaling. In addition to secreting cytokines and chemokines, MSCs can secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), allowing them to respond to injury and promote tissue regeneration. While there has been a major research interest in the use of MSCs for regenerative medicine, the clinical application is limited by many risks, including tumorigenicity, senescence, and sensitivity to toxic environments. The use of MSC-derived EVs for cell-free therapy can potentially avoid the disadvantages of MSCs, which makes this an exciting prospect for regenerative medicine. Prior research has shown that MSCs, via paracrine mechanisms, can identify receptor-independent responses to melatonin and then activate a series of downstream pathways, which exert a variety of effects, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects. Here we review the synthesis of melatonin, its mechanisms of action, and the effect of melatonin on MSCs via paracrine signaling. Furthermore, we summarize the current clinical applications of melatonin and discuss future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yi Feng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu-De Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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20
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Wang X, He T, He L, Yang B, Liu Z, Pang M, Xie P, Zhang L, Rong L. Melatonin contributes to the hypertrophic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell-derived chondrocytes via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway : Melatonin promotes MSC-derived chondrocytes hypertrophy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:467. [PMID: 34419165 PMCID: PMC8379782 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophy is a critical process for chondrocyte differentiation and maturation during endochondral ossification, which is responsible for the formation of long bone and postnatal longitudinal growth. Increasing evidence suggests that melatonin, an indole hormone, plays a pivotal role in chondrogenesis. However, little is known about the effects of melatonin on the terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. METHODS Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived chondrocytes generated by a high-density micromass culture system were induced to undergo hypertrophic differentiation. Melatonin-mediated hypertrophic differentiation was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis (RT-PCR) analysis, histological staining and immunohistochemistry. Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway was evaluated by PCR array, RT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. XAV-939, a Wnt signaling pathway antagonist, was further used to determine whether the effect of melatonin on chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation was mediated occurred by activation of Wnt signaling pathway. RESULTS Histological staining showed melatonin increased chondrocyte cell volume and the expression of type X collagen but decreased the expression of type II collagen compared with the control group. RT-PCR showed that melatonin significantly up-regulated the gene expressions of biomarkers of hypertrophic chondrocytes, including type X collagen, alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, Indian hedgehog and parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor, and melatonin down-regulated the mRNA expression of hallmarks of chondrocytes, including parathyroid hormone-related protein. PCR array showed that the effect of melatonin on chondrocyte hypertrophic differentiation was accompanied by the up-regulation of multiple target genes of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, and this effect was blocked by XAV-939. CONCLUSIONS The current findings demonstrate that melatonin enhances the hypertrophic differentiation of MSC-derived chondrocytes through the Wnt signaling pathway. Our findings add evidence to the role of melatonin in promoting bone development and highlight the positive effects of melatonin on terminal differentiation of chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianwei He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bu Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongyu Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao Pang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peigen Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangming Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Limin Rong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Center for Quality Control of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Center for Engineering and Technology Research of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Lu X, Yu S, Chen G, Zheng W, Peng J, Huang X, Chen L. Insight into the roles of melatonin in bone tissue and bone‑related diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:82. [PMID: 33760138 PMCID: PMC7979260 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone‑related diseases comprise a large group of common diseases, including fractures, osteoporosis and osteoarthritis (OA), which affect a large number of individuals, particularly the elderly. The progressive destruction and loss of alveolar bone caused by periodontitis is a specific type of bone loss, which has a high incidence and markedly reduces the quality of life of patients. With the existing methods of prevention and treatment, the incidence and mortality of bone‑related diseases are still gradually increasing, creating a significant financial burden to societies worldwide. To prevent the occurrence of bone‑related diseases, delay their progression or reverse the injuries they cause, new alternative or complementary treatments need to be developed. Melatonin exerts numerous physiological effects, including inducing anti‑inflammatory and antioxidative functions, resetting circadian rhythms and promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration. Melatonin also participates in the health management of bone and cartilage. In the present review, the potential roles of melatonin in the pathogenesis and progression of bone injury, osteoporosis, OA and periodontitis are summarized. Furthermore, the high efficiency and diversity of the physiological regulatory effects of melatonin are highlighted and the potential benefits of the use of melatonin for the clinical prevention and treatment of bone‑related diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shaoling Yu
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Guangjin Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Wenhao Zheng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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22
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Xie WQ, Chen SF, Tao XH, Zhang LY, Hu PW, Pan WL, Fan YB, Li YS. Melatonin: Effects on Cartilage Homeostasis and Therapeutic Prospects in Cartilage-related Diseases. Aging Dis 2021; 12:297-307. [PMID: 33532142 PMCID: PMC7801270 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage is a relatively simple connective tissue that plays a variety of roles in the human body, including joint support and protection, load bearing of the intervertebral discs, joint lubrication, formation of the external structure of the ears and nose and support of the trachea. The maintenance of cartilage homeostasis is therefore crucial. Cartilage-related diseases are difficult to diagnose and treat because their molecular and pathological mechanisms are not fully understood. Melatonin, which has a wide range of physiological effects, is an endocrine hormone mainly secreted by the pineal gland. Its biological effects include its antioxidant, antiaging, analgesic, and hypnotic effects and its ability to stabilize the circadian rhythm. In recent years, research on cartilage homeostasis and melatonin has been increasing, and melatonin has gradually been used in the treatment of cartilage-related diseases. Therefore, this article will briefly review the role of melatonin in cartilage homeostasis, including its anti-inflammatory effects and effects in protecting cartilage from damage by other factors and promoting chondrocyte growth and the expression of cartilage-related genes. Based on the above, the current status and future developmental direction of melatonin in the treatment of cartilage-related diseases are also discussed, demonstrating the broad prospects of melatonin in maintaining cartilage homeostasis and treating cartilage injury-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qing Xie
- 1Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China.,6National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Song-Feng Chen
- 2Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Tao
- 3Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Li-Yang Zhang
- 4Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Pei-Wu Hu
- 5Department of Scientific Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Wei-Li Pan
- 3Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yi-Bin Fan
- 3Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Li
- 1Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China.,6National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
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23
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Han N, Wang Z, Li X. Melatonin alleviates d-galactose-decreased hyaluronic acid production in synovial membrane cells via Sirt1 signalling. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:488-495. [PMID: 33432584 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) exerts a critical role in the lubricating and buffering properties of synovial fluid in joints. The production of HA is regulated by growth factors, hormones, inflammatory cytokines and mechanical load. The reduction of HA contributes to the progression of osteoarthritis. Herein, we found that d-galactose (d-gal) induced the senescence of rabbit synovial membrane cells, accompanied by decreased HA production. The mRNA level of HA synthase 2 (HAS2) was downregulated by d-gal, as analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Melatonin, an endocrine hormone, can regulate the homeostasis of bone and cartilage. We found that melatonin treatment attenuated d-gal-induced cell senescence and decreased the expression of p21, p16 and pp65 proteins. Melatonin could reverse HA production and maintain HAS2 expression. Furthermore, we revealed that Sirt1 signalling was required for melatonin effects. Sirt1 inhibitor could counteract melatonin-mediated HA production and HAS2 expression. Additionally, Sirt1 overexpression directly antagonized d-gal-induced cell aging and HA downregulation. Taken together, our results suggest that melatonin-Sirt1 signal has a protective effect on synovial membrane cells, enhancing HA synthesis and interrupting cell senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Han
- Department of Central Laboratory & Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Special Medical Center, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianhui Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
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24
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A matter of time: Circadian clocks in osteoarthritis and the potential of chronotherapy. Exp Gerontol 2020; 143:111163. [PMID: 33227402 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and debilitating joint disease which develops and progresses with age. Despite extensive research into the disease, potent disease-modifying drugs remain elusive. Changes to the character and function of chondrocytes of the articular cartilage underly the pathogenesis of OA. A recently emerging facet of chondrocyte biology that has been implicated in OA pathogenesis is the role of circadian rhythms, and the cellular clock which governs rhythmic gene transcription. Here, we review the role of the chondrocyte's cellular clock in governing normal homeostasis, and explore the wide range of consequences that contribute to OA development when the clock is dysregulated by aging and other factors. Finally, we explore how harnessing this understanding of clock mechanics in aging and OA can be translated into novel treatment strategies, or 'chronotherapies', for patients.
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25
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Kouhi M, Varshosaz J, Hashemibeni B, Sarmadi A. Injectable gellan gum/lignocellulose nanofibrils hydrogels enriched with melatonin loaded forsterite nanoparticles for cartilage tissue engineering: Fabrication, characterization and cell culture studies. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 115:111114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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26
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Li T, Liu B, Chen K, Lou Y, Jiang Y, Zhang D. Small molecule compounds promote the proliferation of chondrocytes and chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells in cartilage tissue engineering. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 131:110652. [PMID: 32942151 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of tissue engineering to generate cartilage is limited because of low proliferative ability and unstable phenotype of chondrocytes. The sources of cartilage seed cells are mainly chondrocytes and stem cells. A variety of methods have been used to obtain large numbers of chondrocytes, including increasing chondrocyte proliferation and stem cell chondrogenic differentiation via cytokines, genes, and proteins. Natural or synthetic small molecule compounds can provide a simple and effective method to promote chondrocyte proliferation, maintain a stable chondrocyte phenotype, and promote stem cell chondrogenic differentiation. Therefore, the study of small molecule compounds is of great importance for cartilage tissue engineering. Herein, we review a series of small molecule compounds and their mechanisms that can promote chondrocyte proliferation, maintain chondrocyte phenotype, or induce stem cell chondrogenesis. The studies in this field represent significant contributions to the research in cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzhang Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingyue Lou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Jiang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Naghizadeh Z, Karkhaneh A, Nokhbatolfoghahaei H, Farzad-Mohajeri S, Rezai-Rad M, Dehghan MM, Aminishakib P, Khojasteh A. Cartilage regeneration with dual-drug-releasing injectable hydrogel/microparticle system: In vitro and in vivo study. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2194-2204. [PMID: 32776540 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed an injectable in situ forming hydrogel/microparticle system consisting of two drugs, melatonin and methylprednisolone, to investigate the capability of the system for chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo. The chemical, mechanical, and rheological properties of the hydrogel/microparticle were investigated. For in vitro evaluation, the adipose-derived stem cells might be mixed with hydrogel/microparticles, then cellular viability was analyzed by acridine orange/propidium iodide and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining and also dimethylmethylene blue assay were conducted to find the amount of proteoglycan. The real-time polymerase chain reaction for aggrecan, sex-determining region Y-Box 9, collagen I (COL1), and COL2 gene expression was performed after 14 and 21 days. For evaluation of cartilage regeneration, the samples were implanted in rabbit knees with cartilaginous experimental defects. Defects were created in both knees of three groups of rabbits. Group 1 was the control with no injection, and Groups 2 and 3 were loaded with hydrogel/cell and hydrogel/microparticle/cell; respectively. Then, after 3 and 6 months, histological evaluations of the defected sites were carried out. The amount of glycosaminoglycans after 14 and 21 days increased significantly in hydrogels/microparticles loaded with cells. The expression of marker genes was also significant in hydrogels/microparticles loaded with cells. According to histology analysis, the hydrogels/microparticles loaded with cells showed the best cartilage regeneration. Overall, our study revealed that the developed injectable hydrogel/microparticle can be used for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Naghizadeh
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Karkhaneh
- Biomedical Engineering Faculty, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Rezai-Rad
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Dehghan
- Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouyan Aminishakib
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Khojasteh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Ge J, Zhou Q, Niu J, Wang Y, Yan Q, Wu C, Qian J, Yang H, Zou J. Melatonin Protects Intervertebral Disc from Degeneration by Improving Cell Survival and Function via Activation of the ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5120275. [PMID: 31885798 PMCID: PMC6914917 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5120275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone secreted by the pineal body, has a positive effect on intervertebral disc degeneration. The present study is aimed at investigating the biological role of melatonin in intervertebral disc degeneration and its underlying mechanism. A human nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) line was exposed to melatonin at different concentrations. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot was performed to measure the protein expression of indicated genes. A rabbit model of intervertebral disc degeneration was established to detect the role and mechanism of melatonin on intervertebral disc degeneration. Our study showed that melatonin promoted NPC viability and inhibited cell arrest. Furthermore, melatonin treatment led to the upregulation of collagen II and aggrecan and downregulation of collagen X. Moreover, melatonin significantly elevated the activity of the ERK signaling pathway. Inhibition of the ERK1/2 signals reversed the role of melatonin in the regulation of NPCs both in vitro and in vivo. Melatonin increased NPC viability through inhibition of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, melatonin promoted the secretion of functional factors influencing the nucleus pulposus cell physiology and retarded cell degeneration. Our results suggest that melatonin activated the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, thereby affecting the biological properties of the intervertebral disc degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ge
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, China
| | - Junjie Niu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Cenhao Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jiale Qian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
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29
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Song W, Ma Z, Wang C, Li H, He Y. Pro-chondrogenic and immunomodulatory melatonin-loaded electrospun membranes for tendon-to-bone healing. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6564-6575. [PMID: 31588948 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01516g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reconstructing the native structure of the tendon-to-bone insertion site (enthesis) in rotator cuff repair has always been a great challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Difficulty arises mainly due to the limited enthesis regenerative capability and severe inflammatory cell infiltration, which result in fibrovascular scar formation instead of native cartilage-like enthesis. Therefore, tissue engineering scaffolds with pro-chondrogenic and immunomodulatory capabilities may offer a new strategy for native enthesis regeneration. In this study, melatonin-loaded aligned polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun fibrous membranes were fabricated. The sustained release of melatonin from this membrane significantly promoted the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in a long-term chondroid pellet model. After the membranes were implanted in a rat acute rotator cuff tear model, melatonin-loaded PCL membranes inhibited macrophage infiltration in the tendon-to-bone interface at the early healing phase, increasing chondroid zone formation, promoting collagen maturation, decreasing fibrovascular tissue formation and eventually improving the biomechanical strength of the regenerated enthesis. Taken together, melatonin-loaded PCL membranes possess great clinical application potential for tendon-to-bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Zhijie Ma
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Chongyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Yaohua He
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China. and Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Jinshan Branch, 147 Jiankang Road, Shanghai 201599, China
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30
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Physiological and Pathological Role of Circadian Hormones in Osteoarthritis: Dose-Dependent or Time-Dependent? J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091415. [PMID: 31500387 PMCID: PMC6781184 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritis, may be triggered by improper secretion of circadian clock-regulated hormones, such as melatonin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), or cortisol. The imbalance of these hormones alters the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cartilage degenerative enzymes in articular cartilage, resulting in cartilage erosion, synovial inflammation, and osteophyte formation, the major hallmarks of OA. In this review, we summarize the effects of circadian melatonin, TSH, and cortisol on OA, focusing on how different levels of these hormones affect OA pathogenesis and recovery with respect to the circadian clock. We also highlight the effects of melatonin, TSH, and cortisol at different concentrations both in vivo and in vitro, which may help to elucidate the relationship between circadian hormones and OA.
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31
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Liang ZT, Li J, Rong R, Wang YJ, Xiao LG, Yang GT, Zhang HQ. Ghrelin up-regulates cartilage-specific genes via the ERK/STAT3 pathway in chondrocytes of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:259-265. [PMID: 31421834 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a severe spinal deformity that often occurs during puberty. The occurrence of AIS is suggested to be related to abnormal development of cartilage. Our previous study found increased serum ghrelin levels in AIS patients that may linked to the development of AIS. However, whether ghrelin affects cartilage in AIS patients is unclear. We used quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of cartilage-specific genes and the ghrelin receptor, growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). The mRNA and protein levels of collagen II (COLII), SOX9, AGGRECAN (ACAN) and GHSR were higher in AIS patients than in controls. In addition, the protein levels of GHSR downstream signaling pathway members p-STAT3 (Ser727), and p-ERK1/2 were increased. Furthermore, we treated chondrocytes from AIS patients with 100 nM ghrelin, the cell proliferation assay and Western blotting showed that ghrelin promotes chondrocyte proliferation and enhances COLII, SOX9, ACAN, p-ERK1/2 and p-STAT3 expression, respectively. Interestingly, all these observed alterations were abolished by ghrelin + [D-Lys3]-GHRP-6 (a ghrelin receptor inhibitor) treatment. And after U0126 (an inhibitor of ERK1/2 phosphorylation) treatment, ERK1/2 and STAT3 (Ser727) phosphorylation was simultaneously suppressed indicating that ERK1/2 is an upstream pathway protein of STAT3 (Ser727). In conclusion, ghrelin plays an important role in upregulating cartilage-specific genes on AIS primary chondrocytes by activating ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Tao Liang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rong- Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yun-Jia Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Li-Ge Xiao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Guan-Teng Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hong-Qi Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87, Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China.
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32
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Fu S, Kuwahara M, Uchida Y, Koudo S, Hayashi D, Shimomura Y, Takagaki A, Nishida T, Maruyama Y, Ikegame M, Hattori A, Kubota S, Hattori T. Circadian production of melatonin in cartilage modifies rhythmic gene expression. J Endocrinol 2019; 241:JOE-19-0022.R2. [PMID: 30889551 DOI: 10.1530/joe-19-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Endochondral ossification, including bone growth and other metabolic events, is regulated by circadian rhythms. Herein, we provide evidence that melatonin has a direct effect on the circadian rhythm of chondrocytes. We detected mRNA expression of the genes which encode the melatonin-synthesizing enzymes AANAT (arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase) and HIOMT (hydroxyindole O-methyltransferase), as well as the melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 in mouse primary chondrocytes and cartilage. Production of melatonin was confirmed by mass spectrometric analysis of primary rat and chick chondrocytes. Addition of melatonin to primary mouse chondrocytes caused enhanced cell growth and increased expression of Col2a1, Aggrecan, and Sox9, but inhibited Col10a1 expression in primary BALB/c mouse chondrocytes. Addition of luzindole, an MT1 and MT2 antagonist, abolished these effects. These data indicate that chondrocytes produce melatonin, which regulates cartilage growth and maturation via the MT1 and MT2 receptors. Kinetic analysis showed that melatonin caused rapid upregulation of Aanat, Mt1, Mt2, and Pthrp expression, followed by Sox9 and Ihh. Furthermore, expression of the clock gene Bmal1 was induced, while that of Per1 was downregulated. Chronobiological analysis of synchronized C3H mouse chondrocytes revealed that melatonin induced the cyclic expression of Aanat and modified the cyclic rhythm of Bmal1, Mt1, and Mt2. In contrast, Mt1 and Mt2 showed different rhythms from Bmal1 and Aanat, indicating the existence of different regulatory genes. Our results indicate that exogenous and endogenous melatonin work in synergy in chondrocytes to adjust rhythmic expression to the central suprachiasmatic nucleus clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanqi Fu
- S Fu, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Miho Kuwahara
- M Kuwahara, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoko Uchida
- Y Uchida, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Sei Koudo
- S Koudo, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daichi Hayashi
- D Hayashi, Dental School, Okayama University , Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimomura
- Y Shimomura, Dental School, Okayama University , Okayama, Japan
| | - Asami Takagaki
- A Takagaki, Dental School, Okayama University , Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishida
- T Nishida, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Maruyama
- Y Maruyama, Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Japan
| | - Mika Ikegame
- M Ikegame, Department of Oral Morphology, Okayama University, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- A Hattori, Department of Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ichikawa, 272-0827, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kubota
- S Kubota, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takako Hattori
- T Hattori, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Wang B, Wen H, Smith W, Hao D, He B, Kong L. Regulation effects of melatonin on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:1008-1015. [PMID: 30145787 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin's therapeutic potential has been highly underestimated because its biological functional roles are diverse and relevant mechanisms are complicated. Among the numerous biological activities of melatonin, its regulatory effects on pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are found in bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) and adipose tissue (AD-MSC), have been recently proposed, which has received increasingly more attention in recent studies. Moreover, receptor-dependent and receptor-independent responses to melatonin are identified to occur in these cells by regulating signaling pathways, which drive the commitment and differentiation of MSCs into osteogenic, chondrogenic, or adipogenic lineages. Therefore, the aim of our current review is to summarize the evidence related to the utility of melatonin as a regulatory agent by focusing on its relationship with the differentiation of MSCs. In particular, we aimed to review its roles in promoting osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation and the relevant signaling cascades involved. Also, the roles that melatonin and, particularly, its receptors play in these processes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Wen
- Department of Orthopedic, Yan'an University Medical School, Yan'an, China
| | - Wanli Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Baorong He
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingbo Kong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, China
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Chen Y, Wu Y, Shi H, Wang J, Zheng Z, Chen J, Chen X, Zhang Z, Xu D, Wang X, Xiao J. Melatonin ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration via the potential mechanisms of mitophagy induction and apoptosis inhibition. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2136-2148. [PMID: 30609271 PMCID: PMC6378230 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a complicated disease in patients. The pathogenesis of IDD encompasses cellular oxidative stress, mitochondrion dysfunction and apoptosis. Melatonin eliminates oxygen free radicals, regulates mitochondrial homoeostasis and function, stimulates mitophagy and protects against cellular apoptosis. Therefore, we hypothesize that melatonin has beneficial effect on IDD by mitophagy stimulation and inhibition of apoptosis. The effects of melatonin on IDD were investigated in vitro and in vivo. For the former, melatonin diminished cellular apoptosis caused by tert‐butyl hydroperoxide in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Mitophagy, as well as its upstream regulator Parkin, was activated by melatonin in both a dose and time‐dependent manner. Mitophagy inhibition by cyclosporine A (CsA) partially eliminated the protective effects of melatonin against NP cell apoptosis, suggesting that mitophagy is involved in the protective effect of melatonin on IDD. In addition, melatonin was demonstrated to preserve the extracellular matrix (ECM) content of Collagen II, Aggrecan and Sox‐9, while inhibiting the expression of matrix degeneration enzymes, including MMP‐13 and ADAMTS‐5. In vivo, our results demonstrated that melatonin treatment ameliorated IDD in a puncture‐induced rat model. To conclude, our results suggested that melatonin protected NP cells against apoptosis via mitophagy induction and ameliorated disc degeneration, providing the potential therapy for IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Wu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongxue Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianle Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zengming Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xibang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zengjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Daoliang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Afliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Elkhenany H, AlOkda A, El-Badawy A, El-Badri N. Tissue regeneration: Impact of sleep on stem cell regenerative capacity. Life Sci 2018; 214:51-61. [PMID: 30393021 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm orchestrates many cellular functions, such as cell division, cell migration, metabolism and numerous intracellular biological processes. The physiological changes during sleep are believed to promote a suitable microenvironment for stem cells to proliferate, migrate and differentiate. These effects are mediated either directly by circadian clock genes or indirectly via hormones and cytokines. Hormones, such as melatonin and cortisol, are secreted in response to neural optic signals and act in harmony to regulate many biological functions during sleep. Herein, we correlate the effects of the main circadian genes on the expression of certain stem cell genes responsible for the regeneration of different tissues, including bone, cartilage, skin, and intestine. We also review the effects of different hormones and cytokines on stem cell activation or suppression and their relationship to the day/night cycle. The correlation of circadian rhythm with tissue regeneration could have implications in understanding the biology of sleep and tissue regeneration and in enhancing the efficacy and timing of surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Elkhenany
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22785, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman AlOkda
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Badawy
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt.
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36
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Jahanban‐Esfahlan R, Mehrzadi S, Reiter RJ, Seidi K, Majidinia M, Baghi HB, Khatami N, Yousefi B, Sadeghpour A. Melatonin in regulation of inflammatory pathways in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis: involvement of circadian clock genes. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:3230-3238. [PMID: 28585236 PMCID: PMC6057898 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are the two most prevalent joint diseases. A such, they are important causes of pain and disability in a substantial proportion of the human population. A common characteristic of these diseases is the erosion of articular cartilage and consequently joint dysfunction. Melatonin has been proposed as a link between circadian rhythms and joint diseases including RA and OA. This hormone exerts a diversity of regulatory actions through binding to specific receptors and intracellular targets as well as having receptor-independent actions as a free radical scavenger. Cytoprotective effects of melatonin involve a myriad of prominent receptor-mediated pathways/molecules associated with inflammation, of which the role of omnipresent NF-κB signalling is crucial. Likewise, disturbance of circadian timekeeping is closely involved in the aetiology of inflammatory arthritis. Melatonin is shown to stimulate cartilage destruction/regeneration through direct/indirect modulation of the expression of the main circadian clock genes, such as BMAL, CRY and/or DEC2. In the current article, we review the effects of melatonin on RA and OA, focusing on its ability to regulate inflammatory pathways and circadian rhythms. We also review the possible protective effects of melatonin on RA and OA pathogenesis. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Recent Developments in Research of Melatonin and its Potential Therapeutic Applications. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.16/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Jahanban‐Esfahlan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical SciencesTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research CenterIran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural BiologyThe University of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Khaled Seidi
- Immunology Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research CenterUrmia University of Medical SciencesUrmiaIran
| | | | - Nasrin Khatami
- Students Research CommitteeTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Molecular Targeting Therapy Research Group, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Alireza Sadeghpour
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine and Shohada Educational HospitalTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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37
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Naghizadeh Z, Karkhaneh A, Khojasteh A. Simultaneous release of melatonin and methylprednisolone from an injectable in situ
self-crosslinked hydrogel/microparticle system for cartilage tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1932-1940. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Naghizadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic); Tehran Iran
| | - Akbar Karkhaneh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic); Tehran Iran
| | - Arash Khojasteh
- Department of Tissue engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis is characterized by a chronic, progressive and irreversible degradation of the articular cartilage associated with joint inflammation and a reparative bone response. More than 100 million people are affected by this condition worldwide with significant health and welfare costs. Our available treatment options in osteoarthritis are extremely limited. Chondral or osteochondral grafts have shown some promising results but joint replacement surgery is by far the most common therapeutic approach. The difficulty lies on the limited regeneration capacity of the articular cartilage, poor blood supply and the paucity of resident progenitor stem cells. In addition, our poor understanding of the molecular signalling pathways involved in the senescence and apoptosis of chondrocytes is a major factor restricting further progress in the area. This review focuses on molecules and approaches that can be implemented to delay or even rescue chondrocyte apoptosis. Ways of modulating the physiologic response to trauma preventing chondrocyte death are proposed. The use of several cytokines, growth factors and advances made in altering several of the degenerative genetic pathways involved in chondrocyte apoptosis and degradation are also presented. The suggested approaches can help clinicians to improve cartilage tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippokratis Pountos
- Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, UK.
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- Academic Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, UK; NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Center, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK.
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Yang W, Kang X, Qin N, Li F, Jin X, Ma Z, Qian Z, Wu S. Melatonin protects chondrocytes from impairment induced by glucocorticoids via NAD +-dependent SIRT1. Steroids 2017; 126:24-29. [PMID: 28803211 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intra-articular injection of glucocorticoids is used to relieve pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis patients, which is occasionally accompanied with the serious side effects of glucocorticoids in collagen-producing tissue. Melatonin is the major hormone released from the pineal gland and its beneficial effects on cartilage has been suggested. In the present study, we investigated the protective role of melatonin on matrix degeneration in chondrocytes induced by dexamethasone (Dex). The chondrocytes isolated from mice knee joint were treated with Dex, melatonin, EX527 and siRNA targeted for SIRT6, respectively. Dex treatment induced the loss of the extracellular matrix, NAD+/NADH ratio and NADPH concentration in chondrocytes. Melatonin alone have no effect on the quantity of proteoglycans and collagen type IIa1, however, the pretreatment of melatonin reversed the negative effects induced by Dex. Meanwhile, the significant decrease in NAD+/NADH ratio and NADPH concentration in Dex group were up-regulated by pretreatment of melatonin. Furthermore, it was revealed that inhibition of SIRT1 blocked the protective effects of melatonin. The enhancement of NAD+-dependent SIRT1 activity contributes to the chondroprotecfive effects of melatonin, which has a great benefit to prevent dexamethasone-induced chondrocytes impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Qin
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Jin
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhengmin Ma
- Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuang Qian
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shufang Wu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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40
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Guo JY, Li F, Wen YB, Cui HX, Guo ML, Zhang L, Zhang YF, Guo YJ, Guo YX. Melatonin inhibits Sirt1-dependent NAMPT and NFAT5 signaling in chondrocytes to attenuate osteoarthritis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:55967-55983. [PMID: 28915567 PMCID: PMC5593538 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease mainly characterized by cartilage degradation. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contributes to OA pathogenesis by enhancing oxidative stress and inflammation. Melatonin reportedly elicits potent protection against OA. However, the role of melatonin and underlying mechanism in IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes remain largely unclear. In this study, we found that melatonin inhibited IL-1β-induced toxicity and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) enhancement in human chondrocytes. Melatonin reduced the IL-1β-increased nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) expression and the NAD+ level in chondrocytes in a Sirt1-dependent manner. In turn, the inhibitory effect of melatonin on Sirt1 was mediated by NAMPT. Moreover, melatonin suppressed IL-1β-induced Sirt1-mediated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13 production. Melatonin also decreased the Sirt1-steered nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) expression in IL-1β-challenged chondrocytes. NFAT5 depletion mimicked the suppressive effects of melatonin on IL-1β-elevated production of inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO) in chondrocytes. TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE2, or NO decrease caused the similar reduction of MMP-3 and MMP-13 by melatonin in IL-1β-insulted chondrocytes. Highly consistent with in vitro findings, in vivo results demonstrated that melatonin repressed the expression of relevant genes in rat OA pathogenesis in anterior cruciate ligament transection model. Overall, these results indicate that melatonin effectively reduced IL-1β-induced MMP production by inhibiting Sirt1-dependent NAMPT and NFAT5 signaling in chondrocytes, suggesting melatonin as a potential therapeutic alternative for chondroprotection of OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yi Guo
- Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yong Bing Wen
- Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Hong Xun Cui
- Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ma Long Guo
- Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Advanced Clinical Skills Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yun Fei Zhang
- Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yan Jin Guo
- Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yan Xing Guo
- Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, Henan, China
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Hosseinzadeh A, Kamrava SK, Joghataei MT, Darabi R, Shakeri-Zadeh A, Shahriari M, Reiter RJ, Ghaznavi H, Mehrzadi S. Apoptosis signaling pathways in osteoarthritis and possible protective role of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2016; 61:411-425. [PMID: 27555371 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive erosion of articular cartilage. As chondrocytes are the only cell type forming the articular cartilage, their gradual loss is the main cause of OA. There is a substantial body of published research that suggests reactive oxygen species (ROS) are major causative factors for chondrocyte damage and OA development. Oxidative stress elicited by ROS is capable of oxidizing and subsequently disrupting cartilage homeostasis, promoting catabolism via induction of cell death and damaging numerous components of the joint. IL-1β and TNF-α are crucial inflammatory factors that play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of OA. In this process, the mitochondria are the major source of ROS production in cells, suggesting a role of mitochondrial dysfunction in this type of arthritis. This may also be promoted by inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α which contribute to chondrocyte death. In patients with OA, the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated molecules is positively correlated with cartilage degeneration. Melatonin and its metabolites are broad-spectrum antioxidants and free radical scavengers which regulate a variety of molecular pathways such as inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis in different pathophysiological situations. Herein, we review the effects of melatonin on OA, focusing on its ability to regulate apoptotic processes and ER and mitochondrial activity. We also evaluate likely protective effects of melatonin on OA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Kamran Kamrava
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, Hazrate Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Radbod Darabi
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (CSCRM), Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM), University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ali Shakeri-Zadeh
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Shahriari
- Ophthalmology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,
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42
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Gaspar MP, Kane PM, Jacoby SM, Gaspar PS, Osterman AL. Evaluation and Management of Sleep Disorders in the Hand Surgery Patient. J Hand Surg Am 2016; 41:1019-1026. [PMID: 27702465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite posing a significant public health threat, sleep disorders remain poorly understood and often underdiagnosed and mismanaged. Although sleep disorders are seemingly unrelated, hand surgeons should be mindful of these because numerous conditions of the upper extremity have known associations with sleep disturbances that can adversely affect patient function and satisfaction. In addition, patients with sleep disorders are at significantly higher risk for severe, even life-threatening medical comorbidities, further amplifying the role of hand surgeons in the recognition of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Gaspar
- Philadelphia Hand Center, PC, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Patrick M Kane
- Philadelphia Hand Center, PC, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sidney M Jacoby
- Philadelphia Hand Center, PC, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Patrick S Gaspar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harborside Surgical Center, Oxon Hill, MD
| | - A Lee Osterman
- Philadelphia Hand Center, PC, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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43
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AYDOĞDU N, TAŞLI PN, ŞİŞLİ HB, YALVAÇ ME, ŞAHİN F. Role of melatonin on differentiation of mesenchymal stem cellsderived from third molar germ tissue. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1502-52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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44
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Zhou L, Chen X, Liu T, Gong Y, Chen S, Pan G, Cui W, Luo ZP, Pei M, Yang H, He F. Melatonin reverses H2 O2 -induced premature senescence in mesenchymal stem cells via the SIRT1-dependent pathway. J Pineal Res 2015; 59:190-205. [PMID: 25975679 PMCID: PMC4523475 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an attractive source for stem cell-based regenerative therapy, but they are vulnerable to oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in pathological conditions. We previously reported antioxidant and antiarthritic effects of melatonin on MSCs against proinflammatory cytokines. In this study, we hypothesized that melatonin could protect MSCs from premature senescence induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) via the silent information regulator type 1 (SIRT1)-dependent pathway. In response to H2 O2 at a sublethal concentration of 200 μm, human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) underwent growth arrest and cellular senescence. Treatment with melatonin before H2 O2 exposure cannot significantly prevent premature senescence; however, treatment with melatonin subsequent to H2 O2 exposure successfully reversed the senescent phenotypes of BM-MSCs in a dose-dependent manner. This result was made evident by improved cell proliferation, decreased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and the improved entry of proliferating cells into the S phase. In addition, treatment with 100 μm melatonin restored the osteogenic differentiation potential of BM-MSCs that was inhibited by H2 O2 -induced premature senescence. We also found that melatonin attenuated the H2 O2 -stimulated phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, decreased expression of the senescence-associated protein p16(INK) (4α) , and increased SIRT1. Further molecular experiments revealed that luzindole, a nonselective antagonist of melatonin receptors, blocked melatonin-mediated antisenescence effects. Inhibition of SIRT1 by sirtinol counteracted the protective effects of melatonin, suggesting that melatonin reversed the senescence in cells through the SIRT1-dependent pathway. Together, these findings lay new ground for understanding oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and open perspectives for therapeutic applications of melatonin in stem cell-based regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhou
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yihong Gong
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sijin Chen
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zong-Ping Luo
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, USA
| | - Huilin Yang
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fan He
- Orthopaedic Institute, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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45
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He F, Liu X, Xiong K, Chen S, Zhou L, Cui W, Pan G, Luo ZP, Pei M, Gong Y. Extracellular matrix modulates the biological effects of melatonin in mesenchymal stem cells. J Endocrinol 2014; 223:167-80. [PMID: 25210047 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Both self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are triggered by their in vivo microenvironment including the extracellular matrix (ECM) and secreted hormones. The ECM may modulate the physiological functions of hormones by providing binding sites and by regulating downstream signaling pathways. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of adsorption of melatonin to a natural cell-deposited ECM and the effects of this interaction on the biological functions of melatonin in human bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). The fibrillar microstructure, matrix composition, and melatonin-binding affinity of decellularized ECM were characterized. The cell-deposited ECM improved melatonin-mediated cell proliferation by 31.4%, attenuated accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) mRNA and protein expression. Interaction with ECM significantly enhanced the osteogenic effects of melatonin on BM-MSCs by increasing calcium deposition by 30.5%, up-regulating osteoblast-specific gene expression and down-regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. The underlying mechanisms of these changes in expression may involve intracellular antioxidant enzymes, because osteoblast-specific genes were down-regulated, whereas MMP expression was up-regulated, in the presence of SOD-specific inhibitors. Collectively, our findings indicate the importance of native ECM in modulating the osteoinductive and antioxidant effects of melatonin and provide a novel platform for studying the biological actions of growth factors or hormones in a physiologically relevant microenvironment. Moreover, a better understanding of the enhancement of MSC growth and osteogenic differentiation resulting from the combination of ECM and melatonin could improve the design of graft substitutes for skeletal tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan He
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Ke Xiong
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Sijin Chen
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Long Zhou
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Wenguo Cui
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Guoqing Pan
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Zong-Ping Luo
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Ming Pei
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Yihong Gong
- School of EngineeringSun Yat-sen University, No. 132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, ChinaOrthopaedic InstituteSoochow University, No. 708 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007, ChinaDepartment of OrthopaedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, ChinaNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, ChinaStem Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
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Hong Y, Kim H, Lee Y, Lee S, Kim K, Jin Y, Lee SR, Chang KT, Hong Y. Salutary effects of melatonin combined with treadmill exercise on cartilage damage. J Pineal Res 2014; 57:53-66. [PMID: 24816289 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability in the adult population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of melatonin with graded dosage on extracellular matrix synthesis and cellular death in response to cartilage damage in vitro and in vivo. TNF-α reduced the viability of primary cultured chondrocytes and extracellular matrix protein, but melatonin at concentrations of 1 μm and 1 nm restored them. Rats with knee instability induced by intra-articular collagenase were used for the in vivo study. Joint parameters were significantly augmented in the collagenase injection-only group but not in the melatonin-alone or melatonin+exercise groups, as cartilage degeneration progressed. Serum TNF-α and IL-6 were upregulated by collagenase injection, which was attenuated by melatonin with and without exercise in the early phase. TGF-β1 mRNA was either conserved or enhanced by melatonin with and without exercise at the early phase. In particular, melatonin combined with exercise dramatically decreased the expression of not only catabolic mediators but also cellular death markers with lower mineralization. At the advanced phase, prolonged melatonin treatment promoted mineralization through caspase-3-mediated chondrocyte apoptosis. However, co-intervention induced extracellular matrix remodeling through increases in IL-6, EPAS-1, and MMP-13. Reconstructed micro-CT images showed that collagenase injection induced subchondral bone erosion, formation of parameniscal osteophytes, and reduction of trabecular bone thickness regardless of the intervention, which was minimized by combined intervention. In conclusion, we suggest that melatonin with treadmill exercise may have both preventive and synergistic effects on rescue from cartilage degeneration and is more effective in the initial phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunkyung Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Korea; Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disease Center, College of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea; Ubiquitous Healthcare Research Center, Inje University, Gimhae, Korea
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Liu X, Xu Y, Chen S, Tan Z, Xiong K, Li Y, Ye Y, Luo ZP, He F, Gong Y. Rescue of proinflammatory cytokine-inhibited chondrogenesis by the antiarthritic effect of melatonin in synovium mesenchymal stem cells via suppression of reactive oxygen species and matrix metalloproteinases. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 68:234-46. [PMID: 24374373 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cartilage repair by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) often occurs in diseased joints in which the inflamed microenvironment impairs chondrogenic maturation and causes neocartilage degradation. In this environment, melatonin exerts an antioxidant effect by scavenging free radicals. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of melatonin on human MSCs in a proinflammatory cytokine-induced arthritic environment. MSCs were induced toward chondrogenesis in the presence of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) with or without melatonin. Levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide, antioxidant enzymes, and cell viability were then assessed. Deposition of glycosaminoglycans and collagens was also determined by histological analysis. Gene expression of chondrogenic markers and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the involvement of the melatonin receptor and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in chondrogenesis was investigated using pharmacologic inhibitors. The results showed that melatonin significantly reduced ROS accumulation and increased SOD expression. Both IL-1β and TNF-α had an inhibitory effect on the chondrogenesis of MSCs, but melatonin successfully restored the low expression of cartilage matrix and chondrogenic genes. Melatonin prevented cartilage degradation by downregulating MMPs. The addition of luzindole and SOD inhibitors abrogated the protective effect of melatonin associated with increased levels of ROS and MMPs. These results demonstrated that proinflammatory cytokines impair the chondrogenesis of MSCs, which was rescued by melatonin treatment. This chondroprotective effect was potentially correlated to decreased ROS, preserved SOD, and suppressed levels of MMPs. Thus, melatonin provides a new strategy for promoting cell-based cartilage regeneration in diseased or injured joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Liu
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yong Xu
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sijin Chen
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zifang Tan
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ke Xiong
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yun Ye
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zong-Ping Luo
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Fan He
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Yihong Gong
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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48
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Gao W, Lin M, Liang A, Zhang L, Chen C, Liang G, Xu C, Peng Y, Chen C, Huang D, Su P. Melatonin enhances chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. J Pineal Res 2014; 56:62-70. [PMID: 24117903 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification are two ways through which bone formation and fracture healing occur. Accumulating amounts of evidence suggests that melatonin affects osteoblast differentiation, but little is known about the effects of melatonin on the process of chondrogenic differentiation. In this study, the effects of melatonin on human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) undergoing chondrogenic differentiation were investigated. Cells were induced along chondrogenic differentiation via high-density micromass culture in chondrogenic medium containing vehicle or 50 nm melatonin. Histological study and quantitative analysis of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) showed induced cartilage tissues to be larger and richer in GAG, collagen type II and collagen type X in the melatonin group than in the untreated controls. Real-time RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that melatonin treatment significantly up-regulated the expression of the genes involved in chondrogenic differentiation, including aggrecan (ACAN), collagen type II (COL2A1), collagen type X (COL10A1), SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and the potent inducer of chondrogenic differentiation, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). And the expression of melatonin membrane receptors (MT) MT1 and MT2 were detected in the chondrogenic-induced-MSCs by immunofluorescence staining. Luzindole, a melatonin receptor antagonist, was found to partially block the ability of melatonin to increase the size and GAG synthesis of the induced cartilage tissues, as well as to completely reverse the effect of melatonin on the gene expression of ACAN, COL2A1, COL10A1, SOX9 and BMP2 after 7 days of differentiation. These findings demonstrate that melatonin enhances chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs at least partially through melatonin receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhong ZM, Li T, Xu ZX, Meng TT, Zeng JH, Zheng S, Ye WB, Wu Q, Chen JT. Effect of melatonin on the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes from rat vertebral body growth plate in vitro. Int J Med Sci 2013; 10:1392-8. [PMID: 23983601 PMCID: PMC3752726 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.5645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal growth of vertebral body growth plate (VBGP) is considered as one of the etiologic factors in the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). It was well-known that melatonin was correlated with the emergence and development of AIS. This study aimed to investigate the effect of melatonin on rat VBGP chondrocytes in vitro. METHODS Chondrocytes were isolated from rat VBGP, and treated with or without melatonin. Cell proliferation was measured by the Alamar Blue assay. Gene expression of collagen type II and aggrecan were evaluated by real-time PCR. Expression of the melatonin receptors (MT1, MT2), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, a cell proliferation marker), Sox9 (a chondrocytic differentiation marker) and Smad4 (a common mediator in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes) were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Expression of melatonin receptors (MT1, MT2) were detected in the rat VBGP chondrocytes. Melatonin, at 10 and 100 µg/mL concentration, significantly inhibited the proliferation of VBGP-chondrocytes and the gene expression of collagen type II and aggrecan, and down-regulated the protein expression of PCNA, Sox9 and Smad4. In addition, the inhibitory effect of melatonin was reversed by luzindole, a melatonin receptor antagonist. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that melatonin at high concentrations can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of VBGP chondrocytes, which might give some new insight into the pathogenic mechanism of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Ming Zhong
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, China
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Gonzalez CR, Calandra RS, Gonzalez-Calvar SI. Influence of the photoperiod on TGF-β1 and p15 expression in hamster Leydig cells. Reprod Biol 2012; 12:201-18. [PMID: 22850471 DOI: 10.1016/s1642-431x(12)60086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adult hamsters exposed to short photoperiods show a marked atrophy of their internal reproductive organs, including a reduction in size, though not number of Leydig cells. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is involved in the regulation of growth and proliferation of different cell types. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of photoperiod on the protein and gene expression of TGF-β1 and its receptors as well as gene expression of p15. The effect of TGF-β1 on the expression of p15 in purified Leydig cells from regressed and non-regressed hamster testes was also tested. Protein and gene expression of TGF-β1 was detected in both regressed and non-regressed testes. In contrast to the activin receptor-like kinase 1 (ALK-1), the TGF-β1, the activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK-5) and the co-receptor endoglin all showed a greater basal expression in regressed than non-regressed hamster testes. Melatonin induced the TGF-β1 mRNA expression in purified Leydig cells from non-regressed testes. The p15 mRNA level was greater in regressed than non-regressed testes. A high dose of TGF-β1 during a short incubation period increased the p15 mRNA level in Leydig cells from non-regressed testes. ALK-5 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 might have played a role in this process. In regressed hamster testes, the p15 mRNA level increased due to a low dose of TGF-β1 after short incubation periods and to a high dose after longer incubation periods; in both instances, ALK-5, ERK 1/2 and p38 were involved. Collectively, these results suggest that the alterations in p15 expression, mediated by MAPK, are involved in the shift between the active and inactive states in hamster Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candela R Gonzalez
- Institute of Biology and Experimental Medicine, National Council for Scientific and Technical Research, Buenos Aires; Research Center of Bomedical Biotechnology, Environmental and Diagnostic Stuides, Maimónides University, Buenos Aires
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