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Luo Z, Huang Y, Chen S, Zhang B, Huang H, Dabiri S, Chen Y, Zhang A, Andreas AR, Li S. Delivery of PARP inhibitors through 2HG-incorporated liposomes for synergistically targeting DNA repair in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 604:217268. [PMID: 39321912 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 09/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) benefit only a small subset of patients with DNA homologous recombination (HR) defects. In addition, long-term administration of a PARPi can lead to the development of drug resistance. 2-Hydroxyglutarate (2HG) has long been known as an oncometabolite but is capable of inducing an HR defect, which makes tumor cells exquisitely sensitive to PARPi. To facilitate the translation of this discovery to the treatment of both HR-deficient and HR-proficient tumors, a liposomal formulation was developed for codelivery of 2HG and veliparib, a PARPi. A sequential loading protocol was developed such that the initial loading of 2HG into liposomes greatly facilitated the subsequent, pH gradient-driven remote loading of veliparib. The liposomes co-loaded with veliparib and 2HG exhibited favorable stability, slow kinetics of drug release, and targeted delivery to the tumor. Furthermore, the veliparib/2HG liposomes demonstrated enhanced anti-tumor activity in both PARPi-resistant BRCA mutant cancer and BRCA wildtype cancer by synergistically enhancing the defect in DNA repair. Moreover, combination of veliparib and 2HG via liposomal co-delivery also augmented the function of cytotoxic T cells by activating the STING pathway and downregulating PD-L1 expression via 2HG-induced hypermethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyi Luo
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yixian Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shangyu Chen
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bei Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haozhe Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sheida Dabiri
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yuang Chen
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anju Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexis R Andreas
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Pittsburgh, School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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2
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Li L, Wang X, Jiang M, Li L, Wang D, Li Y. Advancements in a novel model of autophagy and immune network regulation in radioresistance of cancer stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 179:117420. [PMID: 39255736 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy, a precise modality for treating malignant tumors, has undergone rapid advancements in primary and clinical research. The mechanisms underlying tumor radioresistance have become significant research. With the introduction and in-depth study of cancer stem cells (CSCs) theory, CSCs have been identified as the primary factor contributing to the development of tumor radioresistance. The "stemness" of CSCs is a biological characteristic of a small subset of cells within tumor tissues, characterized by self-renewal solid ability. This characteristic leads to resistance to radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, driving tumor recurrence and metastasis. Another study revealed that cellular autophagy plays a pivotal role in maintaining the "stemness" of CSCs. Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that degrades proteins and organelles to generate nutrients and energy in response to stress. This process maintains cellular homeostasis and contributes to CSCs radioresistance. Furthermore, ionizing radiation (IR) facilitates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), vascular regeneration, and other tumor processes by influencing the infiltration of M2-type tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). IR promotes the activation of the classical immunosuppressive "switch," PD-1/PD-L1, which diminishes T-cell secretion, leading to immune evasion and promoting radioresistance. Interestingly, recent studies have found that the immune pathway PD-1/PD-L1 is closely related to cellular autophagy. However, the interrelationships between immunity, autophagy, and radioresistance of CSCs and the regulatory mechanisms involved remain unclear. Consequently, this paper reviews recent research to summarize these potential connections, aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for future studies and propose a new model for the network regulation of immunity, autophagy, and radioresistance of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyao Li
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China; Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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3
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Ikeuchi H, Matsuno Y, Kusumoto-Matsuo R, Kojima S, Ueno T, Ikegami M, Kitada R, Sumiyoshi-Okuma H, Kojima Y, Yonemori K, Yatabe Y, Takamochi K, Suzuki K, Yoshioka KI, Mano H, Kohsaka S. GLI1 confers resistance to PARP inhibitors by activating the DNA damage repair pathway. Oncogene 2024; 43:3037-3048. [PMID: 39095584 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Identifying the mechanisms of action of anticancer drugs is an important step in the development of new drugs. In this study, we established a comprehensive screening platform consisting of 68 oncogenes (MANO panel), encompassing 243 genetic variants, to identify predictive markers for drug efficacy. Validation was performed using drugs that targeted EGFR, BRAF, and MAP2K1, which confirmed the utility of this functional screening panel. Screening of a BRCA2-knockout DLD1 cell line (DLD1-KO) revealed that cells expressing SMO and GLI1 were resistant to olaparib. Gene set enrichment analysis identified genes associated with DNA damage repair that were enriched in cells overexpressing SMO and GLI1. The expression of genes associated with homologous recombination repair (HR), such as the FANC family and BRCA1/2, was significantly upregulated by GLI1 expression, which is indicative of PARP inhibitor resistance. Although not all representative genes of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway were upregulated, NER activity was enhanced by GLI1. The GLI1 inhibitor was effective against DLD1-KO cells overexpressing GLI1 both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the combination therapy of olaparib and GLI1 inhibitor exhibited a synergistic effect on DLD1-KO, suggesting the possible clinical application of GLI1 inhibitor targeting cancer with defective DNA damage repair. This platform enables the identification of biomarkers associated with drug sensitivity, and is a useful tool for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ikeuchi
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsuno
- Laboratory of Genome Stability Maintenance, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rika Kusumoto-Matsuo
- Laboratory of Genome Stability Maintenance, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kojima
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihide Ueno
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masachika Ikegami
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rina Kitada
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yuki Kojima
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Yonemori
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takamochi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Genome Stability Maintenance, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mano
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kohsaka
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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4
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Al-Hawary SIS, Abdalkareem Jasim S, Altalbawy FMA, Kumar A, Kaur H, Pramanik A, Jawad MA, Alsaad SB, Mohmmed KH, Zwamel AH. miRNAs in radiotherapy resistance of cancer; a comprehensive review. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024; 82:1665-1679. [PMID: 38805114 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
While intensity-modulated radiation therapy-based comprehensive therapy increases outcomes, cancer patients still have a low five-year survival rate and a high recurrence rate. The primary factor contributing to cancer patients' poor prognoses is radiation resistance. A class of endogenous non-coding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs), controls various biological processes in eukaryotes. These miRNAs influence tumor cell growth, death, migration, invasion, and metastasis, which controls how human carcinoma develops and spreads. The correlation between the unbalanced expression of miRNAs and the prognosis and sensitivity to radiation therapy is well-established. MiRNAs have a significant impact on the regulation of DNA repair, the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and stemness in the tumor radiation response. But because radio resistance is a complicated phenomena, further research is required to fully comprehend these mechanisms. Radiation response rates vary depending on the modality used, which includes the method of delivery, radiation dosage, tumor stage and grade, confounding medical co-morbidities, and intrinsic tumor microenvironment. Here, we summarize the possible mechanisms through which miRNAs contribute to human tumors' resistance to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farag M A Altalbawy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560069, India
- Department of Pharmacy, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303012, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, 247341, India
- Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, 831001, India
| | - Atreyi Pramanik
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Divison of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Salim Basim Alsaad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, 10011, Iraq
| | | | - Ahmed Hussein Zwamel
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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5
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Xie Y, Xiao D, Li D, Peng M, Peng W, Duan H, Yang X. Combined strategies with PARP inhibitors for the treatment of BRCA wide type cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1441222. [PMID: 39156700 PMCID: PMC11327142 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1441222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability stands out as a pivotal hallmark of cancer, and PARP inhibitors (PARPi) emerging as a groundbreaking class of targeted therapy drugs meticulously crafted to inhibit the repair of DNA single-strand breaks(SSB) in tumor cells. Currently, PARPi have been approved for the treatment of ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer characterized by homologous recombination(HR) repair deficiencies due to mutations in BRCA1/2 or other DNA repair associated genes and acquiring the designation of breakthrough therapy. Nonetheless, PARPi exhibit limited efficacy in the majority of HR-proficient BRCA1/2 wild-type cancers. At present, the synergistic approach of combining PARPi with agents that induce HR defects, or with chemotherapy and radiotherapy to induce substantial DNA damage, significantly enhances the efficacy of PARPi in BRCA wild-type or HR-proficient patients, supporting extension the use of PARPi in HR proficient patients. Therefore, we have summarized the effects and mechanisms of the combined use of drugs with PARPi, including the combination of PARPi with HR defect-inducing drugs such as ATRi, CHKi, HR indirectly inducing drugs like VEGFRi, CDKi, immune checkpoint inhibitors and drugs instigating DNA damage such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In addition, this review discusses several ongoing clinical trials aimed at analyzing the clinical application potential of these combined treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xie
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Duo Li
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Peng
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huaxin Duan
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Department of Oncology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Fish of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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6
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Deng Q, Qiang J, Liu C, Ding J, Tu J, He X, Xia J, Peng X, Li S, Chen X, Ma W, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Shao Z, Chen C, Liu S, Xu J, Zhang L. SOSTDC1 Nuclear Translocation Facilitates BTIC Maintenance and CHD1-Mediated HR Repair to Promote Tumor Progression and Olaparib Resistance in TNBC. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306860. [PMID: 38864559 PMCID: PMC11304230 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Breast tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tissues actively repair DNA and are resistant to treatments including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. Herein, it is found that a previously reported secreted protein, sclerostin domain containing 1 (SOSTDC1), is abundantly expressed in BTICs of TNBC cells and positively correlated with a poor patient prognosis. SOSTDC1 knockdown impairs homologous recombination (HR) repair, BTIC maintenance, and sensitized bulk cells and BTICs to Olaparib. Mechanistically, following Olaparib treatment, SOSTDC1 translocates to the nucleus in an importin-α dependent manner. Nuclear SOSTDC1 interacts with the N-terminus of the nucleoprotein, chromatin helicase DNA-binding factor (CHD1), to promote HR repair and BTIC maintenance. Furthermore, nuclear SOSTDC1 bound to β-transducin repeat-containing protein (β-TrCP) binding motifs of CHD1 is found, thereby blocking the β-TrCP-CHD1 interaction and inhibiting β-TrCP-mediated CHD1 ubiquitination and degradation. Collectively, these findings identify a novel nuclear SOSTDC1 pathway in regulating HR repair and BTIC maintenance, providing insight into the TNBC therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaodan Deng
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Jiankun Qiang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai200120China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Department of Breast SurgeryShanghai Cancer Center and Cancer InstituteFudan UniversityShanghai200032P. R. China
| | - Jiajun Ding
- Department of ThyroidBreast and Vascular SurgeryXijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'an710032P. R. China
| | - Juchuanli Tu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Xueyan He
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Jie Xia
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Xilei Peng
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Siqin Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Xian Chen
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Wei Ma
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Yi‐Zhou Jiang
- Department of Breast SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiDepartment of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Zhi‐Ming Shao
- Department of Breast SurgeryFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai200032China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiDepartment of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyKunming650201China
- Academy of Biomedical Engineering & The Third Affiliated HospitalKunming Medical UniversityKunming650118China
| | - Suling Liu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer BiomarkersPrevention and TreatmentCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityNanjing211166China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Lixing Zhang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringCancer InstitutesKey Laboratory of Breast Cancer in ShanghaiThe Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsShanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismMinistry of Science and TechnologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
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7
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Pan Y, Yang X, Chen M, Shi K, Lyu Y, Meeson AP, Lash GE. Role of Cancer Side Population Stem Cells in Ovarian Cancer Angiogenesis. Med Princ Pract 2024; 33:403-413. [PMID: 39068919 PMCID: PMC11460956 DOI: 10.1159/000539642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies. Recurrence and metastasis often occur after treatment, and it has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological tumors. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small population of cells with the ability of self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and infinite proliferation. They have been shown to play an important role in tumor growth, metastasis, drug resistance, and angiogenesis. Ovarian cancer side population (SP) cells, a type of CSC, have been shown to play roles in tumor formation, colony formation, xenograft tumor formation, ascites formation, and tumor metastasis. The rapid progression of tumor angiogenesis is necessary for tumor growth; however, many of the mechanisms driving this process are unclear as is the contribution of CSCs. The aim of this review was to document the current state of knowledge of the molecular mechanism of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) in regulating tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Pan
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - XueFen Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Miaojuan Chen
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kun Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Lyu
- Medical Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Joint International Laboratory of Glioma Metabolism and Microenvironment Research, Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Gendie E. Lash
- Division of Uterine Vascular Biology, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliate Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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8
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Chu X, Tian W, Ning J, Xiao G, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Zhai Z, Tanzhu G, Yang J, Zhou R. Cancer stem cells: advances in knowledge and implications for cancer therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:170. [PMID: 38965243 PMCID: PMC11224386 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01851-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subset of cells in tumors that are characterized by self-renewal and continuous proliferation, lead to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and maintain tumor heterogeneity. Cancer continues to be a significant global disease burden. In the past, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy were the main cancer treatments. The technology of cancer treatments continues to develop and advance, and the emergence of targeted therapy, and immunotherapy provides more options for patients to a certain extent. However, the limitations of efficacy and treatment resistance are still inevitable. Our review begins with a brief introduction of the historical discoveries, original hypotheses, and pathways that regulate CSCs, such as WNT/β-Catenin, hedgehog, Notch, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, TGF-β, PI3K/AKT, PPAR pathway, and their crosstalk. We focus on the role of CSCs in various therapeutic outcomes and resistance, including how the treatments affect the content of CSCs and the alteration of related molecules, CSCs-mediated therapeutic resistance, and the clinical value of targeting CSCs in patients with refractory, progressed or advanced tumors. In summary, CSCs affect therapeutic efficacy, and the treatment method of targeting CSCs is still difficult to determine. Clarifying regulatory mechanisms and targeting biomarkers of CSCs is currently the mainstream idea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjing Chu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wentao Tian
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jiaoyang Ning
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Gang Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yunqi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhuofan Zhai
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Guilong Tanzhu
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Rongrong Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, China.
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9
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Petrella PE, Chen JW, Ravelo GO, Cosgrove BD. Chemoresistance to additive PARP/PI3K dual inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer cell lines is associated with adaptive stem cell-like prevalence. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.28.591568. [PMID: 38746322 PMCID: PMC11092486 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.28.591568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) are posited to exhibit specialized oncogenic capacity to drive malignancies. CSCs are distinguished by enhanced hallmarks of cancer, including apoptosis avoidance, phenotypic plasticity and aberrant growth pathway signaling. Standard-of-care chemotherapies targeted to rapidly cycling cells routinely fail to eliminate this resistant subpopulation, leading to disease recurrence and metastasis. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly aggressive subtype of breast cancer, is enriched for tumor-propagating CD44+/CD24-/low CSCs, which are poorly ablated by chemotherapeutics and are associated with poor prognosis. CD44 governs sustained PI3K signaling in breast cancer, which is essential for CSC maintenance. PI3K inhibition can elicit DNA damage and down-regulate BRCA1 expression, which in turn enhance the synthetic lethality of PARP inhibitors. Here, we examined a dual chemotherapeutic approach targeting these pathways by combining a pan-PI3K inhibitor (Buparlisib) and a PARP1 inhibitor (Olaparib) on a panel of TNBC cell lines with distinct mutational profiles and proportions of CSCs. We observed differential sensitivity to this dual inhibition strategy and varying cellular stress and resistance responses across eight TNBC lines. The dual chemotherapeutic effect is associated with a reduction in S-phase cells, an increased in apoptotic cells and elevated expression of cleaved PARP, indicating a provoked replicative stress response. We observed that PARP/PI3K inhibition efficacy was potentiated by repeated administration in some TNBC lines and identified critical treatment schedules, which further potentiated the dual chemotherapeutic effect. Dual inhibition induced small but significant increases in CSC relative abundance as marked by CD44+/CD24-/low or ALDH1+ cells and increased stress and survival signaling in multiple TNBC cell lines, suggesting this sub-population contributes to TNBC chemoresistance. These results suggest the additive effects of PARP and PI3K inhibition against CSC phenotypes may be enhanced by temporally-staged administration in TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason W. Chen
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Gabrielle O. Ravelo
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Cosgrove
- Graduate Field of Biochemistry, Molecular, and Cell Biology and
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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10
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Fu X, Li P, Zhou Q, He R, Wang G, Zhu S, Bagheri A, Kupfer G, Pei H, Li J. Mechanism of PARP inhibitor resistance and potential overcoming strategies. Genes Dis 2024; 11:306-320. [PMID: 37588193 PMCID: PMC10425807 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are a kind of cancer therapy that targets poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. PARPi is the first clinically approved drug to exert synthetic lethality by obstructing the DNA single-strand break repair process. Despite the significant therapeutic effect in patients with homologous recombination (HR) repair deficiency, innate and acquired resistance to PARPi is a main challenge in the clinic. In this review, we mainly discussed the underlying mechanisms of PARPi resistance and summarized the promising solutions to overcome PARPi resistance, aiming at extending PARPi application and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fu
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Ping Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Ruyuan He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Guannan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Shiya Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Amir Bagheri
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Gary Kupfer
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Huadong Pei
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
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11
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Calheiros J, Raimundo L, Morais J, Matos AC, Minuzzo SA, Indraccolo S, Sousa E, da Silva MC, Saraiva L. Antitumor Activity of the Xanthonoside XGAc in Triple-Negative Breast, Ovarian and Pancreatic Cancer by Inhibiting DNA Repair. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5718. [PMID: 38136266 PMCID: PMC10741784 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the DNA damage response may contribute to the sensitization of cancer cells to DNA-targeting agents by impelling cell death. In fact, the inhibition of the DNA repair pathway is considered a promising anticancer therapeutic strategy, particularly in combination with standard-of-care agents. The xanthonoside XGAc was previously described as a potent inhibitor of cancer cell growth. Herein, we explored its antitumor activity against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), ovarian cancer and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells as a single agent and in combination with the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib. We demonstrated that XGAc inhibited the growth of TNBC, ovarian and PDAC cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. XGAc also induced genotoxicity, inhibiting the expression of DNA repair proteins particularly involved in homologous recombination, including BRCA1, BRCA2 and RAD51. Moreover, it displayed potent synergistic effects with olaparib in TNBC, ovarian cancer and PDAC cells. Importantly, this growth inhibitory activity of XGAc was further reinforced in a TNBC spheroid model and in patient-derived ovarian cancer cells. Also, drug-resistant cancer cells showed no cross-resistance to XGAc. Additionally, the ability of XGAc to prevent cancer cell migration was evidenced in TNBC, ovarian cancer and PDAC cells. Altogether, these results highlight the great potential of acetylated xanthonosides such as XGAc as promising anticancer agents against hard-to-treat cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Calheiros
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Liliana Raimundo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
| | - João Morais
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Ana Catarina Matos
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
| | - Sonia Anna Minuzzo
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.A.M.); (S.I.)
| | - Stefano Indraccolo
- Department of Surgery Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy; (S.A.M.); (S.I.)
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (E.S.); (M.C.d.S.)
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixôes, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Marta Correia da Silva
- Laboratório de Química Orgânica e Farmacêutica, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (E.S.); (M.C.d.S.)
- CIIMAR—Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixôes, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Lucília Saraiva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (J.C.); (L.R.); (J.M.); (A.C.M.)
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12
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Wu Y, Chen S, Shao Y, Su Y, Li Q, Wu J, Zhu J, Wen H, Huang Y, Zheng Z, Chen X, Ju X, Huang S, Wu X, Hu Z. KLF5 Promotes Tumor Progression and Parp Inhibitor Resistance in Ovarian Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304638. [PMID: 37702443 PMCID: PMC10625120 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
One major characteristic of tumor cells is the aberrant activation of epigenetic regulatory elements, which remodel the tumor transcriptome and ultimately promote cancer progression and drug resistance. However, the oncogenic functions and mechanisms of ovarian cancer (OC) remain elusive. Here, super-enhancer (SE) regulatory elements that are aberrantly activated in OC are identified and it is found that SEs drive the relative specific expression of the transcription factor KLF5 in OC patients and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi)-resistant patients. KLF5 expression is associated with poor outcomes in OC patients and can drive tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KLF5 forms a transcriptional complex with EHF and ELF3 and binds to the promoter region of RAD51 to enhance its transcription, strengthening the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway. Notably, the combination of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) and olaparib significantly inhibits tumor growth and metastasis of PARPi-resistant OC cells with high KLF5. In conclusion, it is discovered that SEs-driven KLF5 is a key regulatory factor in OC progression and PARPi resistance; and potential therapeutic strategies for OC patients with PARPi resistance and high KLF5 are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yang Shao
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiangchun Wu
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Hao Wen
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Xingzhu Ju
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
| | - Shenglin Huang
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhixiang Hu
- Department of Gynecologic OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghai200032China
- Department of OncologyShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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13
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Bai Y, Zhao H, Liu H, Wang W, Dong H, Zhao C. RNA methylation, homologous recombination repair and therapeutic resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115409. [PMID: 37659205 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is critical for maintaining genomic integrity and stability. Defects in HR increase the risk of tumorigenesis. However, many human tumors exhibit enhanced HR repair capabilities, consequently endowing tumor cells with resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review summarizes the role of RNA methylation in HR repair and therapeutic resistance in human tumors. We also analyzed the interactions between RNA methylation and other HR-modulating modifications including histone acetylation, histone deacetylation, ubiquitination, deubiquitination, protein arginine methylation, and gene transcription. This review proposes that targeting RNA methylation is a promising approach to overcoming HR-mediated therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanlin Zhao
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haijun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Hongming Dong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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14
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Beneyton A, Nonfoux L, Gagné JP, Rodrigue A, Kothari C, Atalay N, Hendzel M, Poirier G, Masson JY. The dynamic process of covalent and non-covalent PARylation in the maintenance of genome integrity: a focus on PARP inhibitors. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad043. [PMID: 37609662 PMCID: PMC10440794 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) is a highly regulated process that consists of the covalent addition of polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) through post-translational modifications of substrate proteins or non-covalent interactions with PAR via PAR binding domains and motifs, thereby reprogramming their functions. This modification is particularly known for its central role in the maintenance of genomic stability. However, how genomic integrity is controlled by an intricate interplay of covalent PARylation and non-covalent PAR binding remains largely unknown. Of importance, PARylation has caught recent attention for providing a mechanistic basis of synthetic lethality involving PARP inhibitors (PARPi), most notably in homologous recombination (HR)-deficient breast and ovarian tumors. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-cancer effect of PARPi are thought to implicate both catalytic inhibition and trapping of PARP enzymes on DNA. However, the relative contribution of each on tumor-specific cytotoxicity is still unclear. It is paramount to understand these PAR-dependent mechanisms, given that resistance to PARPi is a challenge in the clinic. Deciphering the complex interplay between covalent PARylation and non-covalent PAR binding and defining how PARP trapping and non-trapping events contribute to PARPi anti-tumour activity is essential for developing improved therapeutic strategies. With this perspective, we review the current understanding of PARylation biology in the context of the DNA damage response (DDR) and the mechanisms underlying PARPi activity and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adèle Beneyton
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Louis Nonfoux
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gagné
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Amélie Rodrigue
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Charu Kothari
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Nurgul Atalay
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Michael J Hendzel
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AlbertaT6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Guy G Poirier
- CHU de Québec Research Center, CHUL Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jean-Yves Masson
- CHU de Québec Research Center, HDQ Pavilion, Oncology Division, Laval University Cancer Research Center, 9 McMahon, Québec City, QC G1R 3S3, Canada
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15
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Wooten J, Mavingire N, Damar K, Loaiza-Perez A, Brantley E. Triumphs and challenges in exploiting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition to combat triple-negative breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1625-1640. [PMID: 37042191 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) regulates a myriad of DNA repair mechanisms to preserve genomic integrity following DNA damage. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) confer synthetic lethality in malignancies with a deficiency in the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) fail to respond to most targeted therapies because their tumors lack expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. Certain patients with TNBC harbor mutations in HR mediators such as breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2), enabling them to respond to PARPi. PARPi exploits the synthetic lethality of BRCA-mutant cells. However, de novo and acquired PARPi resistance frequently ensue. In this review, we discuss the roles of PARP in mediating DNA repair processes in breast epithelial cells, mechanisms of PARPi resistance in TNBC, and recent advances in the development of agents designed to overcome PARPi resistance in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wooten
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Nicole Mavingire
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Katherine Damar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Andrea Loaiza-Perez
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo (IOAHR), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eileen Brantley
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
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16
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Lovsund T, Mashayekhi F, Fitieh A, Stafford J, Ismail IH. Unravelling the Role of PARP1 in Homeostasis and Tumorigenesis: Implications for Anti-Cancer Therapies and Overcoming Resistance. Cells 2023; 12:1904. [PMID: 37508568 PMCID: PMC10378431 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Detailing the connection between homeostatic functions of enzymatic families and eventual progression into tumorigenesis is crucial to our understanding of anti-cancer therapies. One key enzyme group involved in this process is the Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family, responsible for an expansive number of cellular functions, featuring members well established as regulators of DNA repair, genomic stability and beyond. Several PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have been approved for clinical use in a range of cancers, with many more still in trials. Unfortunately, the occurrence of resistance to PARPi therapy is growing in prevalence and requires the introduction of novel counter-resistance mechanisms to maintain efficacy. In this review, we summarize the updated understanding of the vast homeostatic functions the PARP family mediates and pin the importance of PARPi therapies as anti-cancer agents while discussing resistance mechanisms and current up-and-coming counter-strategies for countering such resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Lovsund
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Fatemeh Mashayekhi
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Amira Fitieh
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - James Stafford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Ismail Hassan Ismail
- Division of Experimental Oncology, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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17
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Lučić I, Kurtović M, Mlinarić M, Piteša N, Čipak Gašparović A, Sabol M, Milković L. Deciphering Common Traits of Breast and Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells and Possible Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10683. [PMID: 37445860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) are among the most common and deadly cancers affecting women worldwide. Both are complex diseases with marked heterogeneity. Despite the induction of screening programs that increase the frequency of earlier diagnosis of BC, at a stage when the cancer is more likely to respond to therapy, which does not exist for OC, more than 50% of both cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Initial therapy can put the cancer into remission. However, recurrences occur frequently in both BC and OC, which are highly cancer-subtype dependent. Therapy resistance is mainly attributed to a rare subpopulation of cells, named cancer stem cells (CSC) or tumor-initiating cells, as they are capable of self-renewal, tumor initiation, and regrowth of tumor bulk. In this review, we will discuss the distinctive markers and signaling pathways that characterize CSC, their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, and the strategies they employ to evade immune surveillance. Our focus will be on identifying the common features of breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) and ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSC) and suggesting potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Lučić
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Kurtović
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Monika Mlinarić
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Piteša
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Čipak Gašparović
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Milković
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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18
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Xu W, Liu L, Cui Z, Li M, Ni J, Huang N, Zhang Y, Luo J, Sun L, Sun F. Identification of key enzalutamide-resistance-related genes in castration-resistant prostate cancer and verification of RAD51 functions. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230715. [PMID: 37251536 PMCID: PMC10224628 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) often develop drug resistance after treatment with enzalutamide. The goal of our study was to identify the key genes related to enzalutamide resistance in CRPC and to provide new gene targets for future research on improving the efficacy of enzalutamide. Differential expression genes (DEGs) associated with enzalutamide were obtained from the GSE151083 and GSE150807 datasets. We used R software, the DAVID database, protein-protein interaction networks, the Cytoscape program, and Gene Set Cancer Analysis for data analysis. The effect of RAD51 knockdown on prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines was demonstrated using Cell Counting Kit-8, clone formation, and transwell migration experiments. Six hub genes with prognostic values were screened (RAD51, BLM, DTL, RFC2, APOE, and EXO1), which were significantly associated with immune cell infiltration in PCa. High RAD51, BLM, EXO1, and RFC2 expression was associated with androgen receptor signaling pathway activation. Except for APOE, high expression of hub genes showed a significant negative correlation with the IC50 of Navitoclax and NPK76-II-72-1. RAD51 knockdown inhibited the proliferation and migration of PC3 and DU145 cell lines and promoted apoptosis. Additionally, 22Rv1 cell proliferation was more significantly inhibited with RAD51 knockdown than without RAD51 knockdown under enzalutamide treatment. Overall, six key genes associated with enzalutamide resistance were screened (RAD51, BLM, DTL, RFC2, APOE, and EXO1), which are potential therapeutic targets for enzalutamide-resistant PCa in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Zhongqi Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Jinliang Ni
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai, 200072, China
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Limei Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Shanghai Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, No. 301, Yanchang Middle Road, Jingan District, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, No. 301, Yanchang Middle Road, Jingan District, 200072, Shanghai, China
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19
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Wang SSY, Jie YE, Cheng SW, Ling GL, Ming HVY. PARP Inhibitors in Breast and Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082357. [PMID: 37190285 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are one of the most successful examples of clinical translation of targeted therapies in medical oncology, and this has been demonstrated by their effective management of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutant cancers, most notably in breast and ovarian cancers. PARP inhibitors target DNA repair pathways that BRCA1/2-mutant tumours are dependent upon. Inhibition of the key components of these pathways leads to DNA damage triggering subsequent critical levels of genomic instability, mitotic catastrophe and cell death. This ultimately results in a synthetic lethal relationship between BRCA1/2 and PARP, which underpins the effectiveness of PARP inhibitors. Despite the early and dramatic response seen with PARP inhibitors, patients receiving them often develop treatment resistance. To date, data from both clinical and preclinical studies have highlighted multiple resistance mechanisms to PARP inhibitors, and only by understanding these mechanisms are we able to overcome the challenges. The focus of this review is to summarise the underlying mechanisms underpinning treatment resistance to PARP inhibitors and to aid both clinicians and scientists to develop better clinically applicable assays to better select patients who would derive the greatest benefit as well as develop new novel/combination treatment strategies to overcome these mechanisms of resistance. With a better understanding of PARP inhibitor resistance mechanisms, we would not only be able to identify a subset of patients who are unlikely to benefit from therapy but also to sequence our treatment paradigm to avoid and overcome these resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel S Y Wang
- Medical Oncology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Yeo Ee Jie
- Medical Oncology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Sim Wey Cheng
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Goh Liuh Ling
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
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20
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Planas‐Paz L, Pliego‐Mendieta A, Hagedorn C, Aguilera‐Garcia D, Haberecker M, Arnold F, Herzog M, Bankel L, Guggenberger R, Steiner S, Chen Y, Kahraman A, Zoche M, Rubin MA, Moch H, Britschgi C, Pauli C. Unravelling homologous recombination repair deficiency and therapeutic opportunities in soft tissue and bone sarcoma. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16863. [PMID: 36779660 PMCID: PMC10086583 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects in homologous recombination repair (HRR) in tumors correlate with poor prognosis and metastases development. Determining HRR deficiency (HRD) is of major clinical relevance as it is associated with therapeutic vulnerabilities and remains poorly investigated in sarcoma. Here, we show that specific sarcoma entities exhibit high levels of genomic instability signatures and molecular alterations in HRR genes, while harboring a complex pattern of chromosomal instability. Furthermore, sarcomas carrying HRDness traits exhibit a distinct SARC-HRD transcriptional signature that predicts PARP inhibitor sensitivity in patient-derived sarcoma cells. Concomitantly, HRDhigh sarcoma cells lack RAD51 nuclear foci formation upon DNA damage, further evidencing defects in HRR. We further identify the WEE1 kinase as a therapeutic vulnerability for sarcomas with HRDness and demonstrate the clinical benefit of combining DNA damaging agents and inhibitors of DNA repair pathways ex vivo and in the clinic. In summary, we provide a personalized oncological approach to treat sarcoma patients successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Planas‐Paz
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Alicia Pliego‐Mendieta
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Catherine Hagedorn
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Domingo Aguilera‐Garcia
- Molecular Tumor Profiling Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Martina Haberecker
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Fabian Arnold
- Molecular Tumor Profiling Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Marius Herzog
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Lorenz Bankel
- Department of Medical Oncology and HaematologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Roman Guggenberger
- Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Sabrina Steiner
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Yanjiang Chen
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Abdullah Kahraman
- Molecular Tumor Profiling Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Swiss Institute of BioinformaticsLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Martin Zoche
- Molecular Tumor Profiling Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Mark A Rubin
- Precision Oncology Laboratory, Department for Biomedical ResearchBern Center for Precision MedicineBernSwitzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Christian Britschgi
- Department of Medical Oncology and HaematologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Chantal Pauli
- Laboratory for Systems Pathology and Functional Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular PathologyUniversity Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
- Medical FacultyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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21
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Gillespie MS, Ward CM, Davies CC. DNA Repair and Therapeutic Strategies in Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1897. [PMID: 36980782 PMCID: PMC10047301 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
First-line cancer treatments successfully eradicate the differentiated tumour mass but are comparatively ineffective against cancer stem cells (CSCs), a self-renewing subpopulation thought to be responsible for tumour initiation, metastasis, heterogeneity, and recurrence. CSCs are thus presented as the principal target for elimination during cancer treatment. However, CSCs are challenging to drug target because of numerous intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of drug resistance. One such mechanism that remains relatively understudied is the DNA damage response (DDR). CSCs are presumed to possess properties that enable enhanced DNA repair efficiency relative to their highly proliferative bulk progeny, facilitating improved repair of double-strand breaks induced by radiotherapy and most chemotherapeutics. This can occur through multiple mechanisms, including increased expression and splicing fidelity of DNA repair genes, robust activation of cell cycle checkpoints, and elevated homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. Herein, we summarise the current knowledge concerning improved genome integrity in non-transformed stem cells and CSCs, discuss therapeutic opportunities within the DDR for re-sensitising CSCs to genotoxic stressors, and consider the challenges posed regarding unbiased identification of novel DDR-directed strategies in CSCs. A better understanding of the DDR mediating chemo/radioresistance mechanisms in CSCs could lead to novel therapeutic approaches, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Gillespie
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (M.S.G.)
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ciara M. Ward
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (M.S.G.)
| | - Clare C. Davies
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (M.S.G.)
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22
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Zhang H, Xie Z, Peng Y, Xie A, Fu C, Zheng D, Cai Z, Zhong J, Ming Q, Li M, Lu R, Liu X, Chen J. PARP1 promotes NLRP3 activation via blocking TFEB-mediated autophagy in rotenone-induced neurodegeneration. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114630. [PMID: 36764072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone, a widely used pesticide, causes dopaminergic neurons loss and increase the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, few studies link the role of PARP1 to neuroinflammatory response and autophagy dysfunction in rotenone-induced neurodegeneration. Here, we identified that PARP1 overactivation caused by rotenone led to autophagy dysfunction and NLRP3-mediated inflammation. Further results showed that PARP1 inhibition could reduce NLRP3-mediated inflammation, which was effectively eliminated by TFEB knockdown. Moreover, PARP1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated TFEB that reduced autophagy. Of note, PARP1 inhibition could rescue rotenone-induced dopaminergic neurons loss. Overall, our study revealed that PARP1 blocks autophagy through poly (ADP-ribosyl)ating TFEB and inhibited NLRP3 degradation, which suggests that intervention of PARP1-TFEB-NLRP3 signaling can be a new treatment strategy for rotenone-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China.
| | - Zhefan Xie
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yongming Peng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Ailun Xie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Chunlai Fu
- Department of Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Dongyan Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - ZiWei Cai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Jiahong Zhong
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 528400, PR China
| | - Qiang Ming
- Department of Neurology, Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, 518116, PR China
| | - Mingque Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Renjian Lu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China.
| | - Jialong Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, PR China.
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23
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Ye J, Wu J, Liu B. Therapeutic strategies of dual-target small molecules to overcome drug resistance in cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188866. [PMID: 36842765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite some advances in targeted therapeutics of human cancers, curative cancer treatment still remains a tremendous challenge due to the occurrence of drug resistance. A variety of underlying resistance mechanisms to targeted cancer drugs have recently revealed that the dual-target therapeutic strategy would be an attractive avenue. Compared to drug combination strategies, one agent simultaneously modulating two druggable targets generally shows fewer adverse reactions and lower toxicity. As a consequence, the dual-target small molecule has been extensively explored to overcome drug resistance in cancer therapy. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing drug resistance mechanisms of cancer cells, such as enhanced drug efflux, deregulated cell death, DNA damage repair, and epigenetic alterations. Based upon the resistance mechanisms, we further discuss the current therapeutic strategies of dual-target small molecules to overcome drug resistance, which will shed new light on exploiting more intricate mechanisms and relevant dual-target drugs for future cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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24
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Hintelmann K, Petersen C, Borgmann K. Radiotherapeutic Strategies to Overcome Resistance of Breast Cancer Brain Metastases by Considering Immunogenic Aspects of Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:211. [PMID: 36612206 PMCID: PMC9818478 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women, and symptomatic brain metastases (BCBMs) occur in 15-20% of metastatic breast cancer cases. Despite technological advances in radiation therapy (RT), the prognosis of patients is limited. This has been attributed to radioresistant breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), among other factors. The aim of this review article is to summarize the evidence of cancer-stem-cell-mediated radioresistance in brain metastases of breast cancer from radiobiologic and radiation oncologic perspectives to allow for the better interpretability of preclinical and clinical evidence and to facilitate its translation into new therapeutic strategies. To this end, the etiology of brain metastasis in breast cancer, its radiotherapeutic treatment options, resistance mechanisms in BCSCs, and effects of molecularly targeted therapies in combination with radiotherapy involving immune checkpoint inhibitors are described and classified. This is considered in the context of the central nervous system (CNS) as a particular metastatic niche involving the blood-brain barrier and the CNS immune system. The compilation of this existing knowledge serves to identify possible synergistic effects between systemic molecularly targeted therapies and ionizing radiation (IR) by considering both BCSCs' relevant resistance mechanisms and effects on normal tissue of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hintelmann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Experimental Radiooncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cordula Petersen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Borgmann
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Experimental Radiooncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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25
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Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Ovarian Cancer and Associated Gene Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246246. [PMID: 36551731 PMCID: PMC9777152 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the United States, over 100,000 women are diagnosed with a gynecologic malignancy every year, with ovarian cancer being the most lethal. One of the hallmark characteristics of ovarian cancer is the development of resistance to chemotherapeutics. While the exact mechanisms of chemoresistance are poorly understood, it is known that changes at the cellular and molecular level make chemoresistance challenging to treat. Improved therapeutic options are needed to target these changes at the molecular level. Using a precision medicine approach, such as gene therapy, genes can be specifically exploited to resensitize tumors to therapeutics. This review highlights traditional and novel gene targets that can be used to develop new and improved targeted therapies, from drug efflux proteins to ovarian cancer stem cells. The review also addresses the clinical relevance and landscape of the discussed gene targets.
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Zhang H, Gao H, Gu Y, John A, Wei L, Huang M, Yu J, Adeosun AA, Weinshilboum RM, Wang L. 3D CRISPR screen in prostate cancer cells reveals PARP inhibitor sensitization through TBL1XR1-SMC3 interaction. Front Oncol 2022; 12:999302. [PMID: 36523978 PMCID: PMC9746894 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.999302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) either have been approved or being tested in the clinic for the treatment of a variety of cancers with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). However, cancer cells can develop resistance to PARPi drugs through various mechanisms, and new biomarkers and combination therapeutic strategies need to be developed to support personalized treatment. In this study, a genome-wide CRISPR screen was performed in a prostate cancer cell line with 3D culture condition which identified novel signals involved in DNA repair pathways. One of these genes, TBL1XR1, regulates sensitivity to PARPi in prostate cancer cells. Mechanistically, we show that TBL1XR1 interacts with and stabilizes SMC3 on chromatin and promotes γH2AX spreading along the chromatin of the cells under DNA replication stress. TBL1XR1-SMC3 double knockdown (knockout) cells have comparable sensitivity to PARPi compared to SMC3 knockdown or TBL1XR1 knockout cells, and more sensitivity than WT cells. Our findings provide new insights into mechanisms underlying response to PARPi or platin compounds in the treatment of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Huanyao Gao
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Yayun Gu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - August John
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lixuan Wei
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Minhong Huang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jia Yu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Adeyemi A. Adeosun
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Richard M. Weinshilboum
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Liewei Wang
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Lo Iacono M, Gaggianesi M, Bianca P, Brancato OR, Muratore G, Modica C, Roozafzay N, Shams K, Colarossi L, Colarossi C, Memeo L, Turdo A, Veschi V, Di Franco S, Todaro M, Stassi G. Destroying the Shield of Cancer Stem Cells: Natural Compounds as Promising Players in Cancer Therapy. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6996. [PMID: 36498571 PMCID: PMC9737492 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11236996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In a scenario where eco-sustainability and a reduction in chemotherapeutic drug waste are certainly a prerogative to safeguard the biosphere, the use of natural products (NPs) represents an alternative therapeutic approach to counteract cancer diseases. The presence of a heterogeneous cancer stem cell (CSC) population within a tumor bulk is related to disease recurrence and therapy resistance. For this reason, CSC targeting presents a promising strategy for hampering cancer recurrence. Increasing evidence shows that NPs can inhibit crucial signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of CSC stemness and sensitize CSCs to standard chemotherapeutic treatments. Moreover, their limited toxicity and low costs for large-scale production could accelerate the use of NPs in clinical settings. In this review, we will summarize the most relevant studies regarding the effects of NPs derived from major natural sources, e.g., food, botanical, and marine species, on CSCs, elucidating their use in pre-clinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melania Lo Iacono
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Gaggianesi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Bianca
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ornella Roberta Brancato
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Muratore
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Modica
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Narges Roozafzay
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Kimiya Shams
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Colarossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, 95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Colarossi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, 95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Viagrande, 95029 Catania, Italy
| | - Alice Turdo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Veronica Veschi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Di Franco
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Matilde Todaro
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stassi
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Stomatological Sciences (DICHIRONS), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Paul S, Sinha S, Kundu CN. Targeting cancer stem cells in the tumor microenvironment: An emerging role of PARP inhibitors. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106425. [PMID: 36075511 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) constitute a small population of cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which are responsible for metastasis, angiogenesis, drug resistance, and cancer relapse. Understanding the key signatures and resistance mechanisms of CSCs may help in the development of novel chemotherapeutic strategies to specifically target CSCs in the TME. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are known to enhance the chemosensitivity of cancer cells to other chemotherapeutic agents by inhibiting the DNA repair pathways and chromatin modulation. But their effects on CSCs are still unknown. Few studies have reported that PARPi can stall replication fork progression in CSCs. PARPi also have the potential to overcome chemoresistance in CSCs and anti-angiogenic potentiality as well. Previous reports have suggested that epigenetic drugs can synergistically ameliorate the anti-cancer activities of PARPi through epigenetic modulations. In this review, we have systematically discussed the effects of PARPi on different DNA repair pathways with respect to CSCs and also how CSCs can be targeted either as monotherapy or as a part of combination therapy. We have also talked about how PARPi can help in reversal of chemoresistance of CSCs and the role of PARPi in epigenetic modifications to hinder cancer progression. We have also elaborated on the aspects of research that need to be investigated for development of successful therapeutic interventions using PARPi to specifically target CSCs in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subarno Paul
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Saptarshi Sinha
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to be University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
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Zeng Z, Zhang J, Li J, Li Y, Huang Z, Han L, Xie C, Gong Y. SETD2 regulates gene transcription patterns and is associated with radiosensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:935601. [PMID: 36035179 PMCID: PMC9399372 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.935601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has high morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Identification of epigenetic biomarkers associated with radiosensitivity is beneficial for precision medicine in LUAD patients. SETD2 is important in repairing DNA double-strand breaks and maintaining chromatin integrity. Our studies established a comprehensive analysis pipeline, which identified SETD2 as a radiosensitivity signature. Multi-omics analysis revealed enhanced chromatin accessibility and gene transcription by SETD2. In both LUAD bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we found that SETD2-associated positive transcription patterns were associated with DNA damage responses. SETD2 knockdown significantly upregulated tumor cell apoptosis, attenuated proliferation and migration of LUAD tumor cells, and enhanced radiosensitivity in vitro. Moreover, SETD2 was a favorably prognostic factor whose effects were antagonized by the m6A-related genes RBM15 and YTHDF3 in LUAD. In brief, SETD2 was a promising epigenetic biomarker in LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Zeng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangyi Li
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linzhi Han
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Translational Medicine, Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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30
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Wang Z, Jia R, Wang L, Yang Q, Hu X, Fu Q, Zhang X, Li W, Ren Y. The Emerging Roles of Rad51 in Cancer and Its Potential as a Therapeutic Target. Front Oncol 2022; 12:935593. [PMID: 35875146 PMCID: PMC9300834 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.935593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in DNA repair pathways are emerging hallmarks of cancer. Accurate DNA repairs and replications are essential for genomic stability. Cancer cells require residual DNA repair capabilities to repair the damage from replication stress and genotoxic anti-tumor agents. Defective DNA repair also promotes the accumulation of genomic changes that eventually lead to tumorigenesis, tumor progression, and therapeutic resistance to DNA-damaging anti-tumor agents. Rad51 recombinase is a critical effector of homologous recombination, which is an essential DNA repair mechanism for double-strand breaks. Rad51 has been found to be upregulated in many malignant solid tumors, and is correlated with poor prognosis. In multiple tumor types, Rad51 is critical for tumor metabolism, metastasis and drug resistance. Herein, we initially introduced the structure, expression pattern of Rad51 and key Rad51 mediators involved in homologous recombination. Additionally, we primarily discussed the role of Rad51 in tumor metabolism, metastasis, resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenyang Chest Hospital & Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Renxiang Jia
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenyang Chest Hospital & Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenyang Chest Hospital & Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiwei Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaohai Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenya Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Ren, ; Wenya Li,
| | - Yi Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenyang Chest Hospital & Tenth People’s Hospital, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Ren, ; Wenya Li,
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Insights into the Possible Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance to PARP Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112804. [PMID: 35681784 PMCID: PMC9179506 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The increasingly wide use of PARP inhibitors in breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers harbouring a pathogenic variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2 has highlighted the problem of resistance to therapy. This review summarises the complex interactions between PARP1, cell cycle regulation, response to stress replication, homologous recombination, and other DNA damage repair pathways in the setting of BRCA1/2 mutated cancers that could explain the development of primary or secondary resistance to PARP inhibitors. Abstract PARP1 enzyme plays an important role in DNA damage recognition and signalling. PARP inhibitors are approved in breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostate cancers harbouring a pathogenic variant in BRCA1 or BRCA2, where PARP1 inhibition results mainly in synthetic lethality in cells with impaired homologous recombination. However, the increasingly wide use of PARP inhibitors in clinical practice has highlighted the problem of resistance to therapy. Several different mechanisms of resistance have been proposed, although only the acquisition of secondary mutations in BRCA1/2 has been clinically proved. The aim of this review is to outline the key molecular findings that could explain the development of primary or secondary resistance to PARP inhibitors, analysing the complex interactions between PARP1, cell cycle regulation, PI3K/AKT signalling, response to stress replication, homologous recombination, and other DNA damage repair pathways in the setting of BRCA1/2 mutated cancers.
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El Naggar O, Doyle B, Mariner K, Gilmour SK. Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) Enhances the Cytotoxicity of PARP Inhibition in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Med Sci (Basel) 2022; 10:medsci10020028. [PMID: 35736348 PMCID: PMC9230675 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer accounts for 3% of the total cancers in women, yet it is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths among women. The BRCA1/2 germline and somatic mutations confer a deficiency of the homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway. Inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), another important component of DNA damage repair, are somewhat effective in BRCA1/2 mutant tumors. However, ovarian cancers often reacquire functional BRCA and develop resistance to PARP inhibitors. Polyamines have been reported to facilitate the DNA damage repair functions of PARP. Given the elevated levels of polyamines in tumors, we hypothesized that treatment with the polyamine synthesis inhibitor, α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), may enhance ovarian tumor sensitivity to the PARP inhibitor, rucaparib. In HR-competent ovarian cancer cell lines with varying sensitivities to rucaparib, we show that co-treatment with DFMO increases the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to rucaparib. Immunofluorescence assays demonstrated that, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage, DFMO strongly inhibits PARylation, increases DNA damage accumulation, and reduces cell viability in both HR-competent and deficient cell lines. In vitro viability assays show that DFMO and rucaparib cotreatment significantly enhances the cytotoxicity of the chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin. These results suggest that DFMO may be a useful adjunct chemotherapeutic to improve the anti-tumor efficacy of PARP inhibitors in treating ovarian cancer.
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Gu P, Xue L, Zhao C, Li W, Jiang Z, Liu A, Li T, Liu L, Decker M, Cheng X, Yang W, Tang R. Targeting the Homologous Recombination Pathway in Cancer With a Novel Class of RAD51 Inhibitors. Front Oncol 2022; 12:885186. [PMID: 35646698 PMCID: PMC9136011 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.885186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting DNA damage response (DDR) pathway has been proposed as an approach for amplifying tumor-specific replicative lesions. RAD51 plays a central role in the DDR process, and thus represents a promising anti-tumor target. We here report the discovery of a series of next generation RAD51 inhibitors that can prevent RAD51 foci formation. The lead compounds dramatically impaired human cancer cell growth, induced cell cycle arrest in S-phase, and resulted in elevated γH2AX. Furthermore, cancer cells became sensitized to chemotherapy and other DDR inhibitors. Dosed either as a single agent or in combination with cisplatin, the compounds significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. By upregulating ATR-CHK1 signaling, the RAD51 inhibitors increased surface PD-L1 levels in various tumor cells, suggesting a potential combination of RAD51 inhibitors with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. Overall, our findings provide the preclinical rationale to explore RAD51 inhibitors as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, immunotherapy or DDR-targeting therapy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Liting Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Aiguo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Markus Decker
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Cheng
- High School Sophomore, Hangzhou Foreign Languages School, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Renhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Renhong Tang,
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Lee JD, Ryu WJ, Han HJ, Kim TY, Kim MH, Sohn J. Molecular Characterization of BRCA1 c.5339T>C Missense Mutation in DNA Damage Response of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102405. [PMID: 35626017 PMCID: PMC9139203 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 L1780P BRCT domain mutation has been recognized as a pathogenic mutation in patients with breast cancer. However, the molecular significance of this mutation has not yet been studied in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells in vitro. We established MDA-MB 231, HCC1937, and HCC1395 TNBC cell lines expressing BRCA1 L1780P mutant. BRCA1 L1780P mutant TNBC cells showed increased migration and invasion capacity, as well as increased sensitivity to olaparib and carboplatin compared to BRCA1 wild-type cells. BRCA1 L1780P mutant TNBC cells showed decreased RAD51 expression and reduced nuclear RAD51 foci formation following carboplatin and olaparib treatment. The molecular interaction between p-ATM and BRCA1 was abrogated following introduction of BRCA1 L1780P mutant plasmid in TNBC cells, suggesting that the BRCA1 L1780P mutation disrupts the p-ATM-BRCA1 protein-protein interaction. We established an olaparib-resistant BRCA1 L1780P mutant TNBC cell line by chronic drug treatment. Olaparib-resistant cell lines showed upregulation of RAD51 expression upon olaparib treatment, and reduction in RAD51 expression in olaparib-resistant cells restored olaparib sensitivity. Collectively, these results suggest that the BRCA1 L1780P mutation impairs RAD51 recruitment by disrupting p-ATM-BRCA1 interaction, which is a crucial molecular factor in homologous recombination and olaparib sensitivity. Further therapeutic targeting of RAD51 in BRCA1 L1780P mutant breast cancer is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Dong Lee
- Department of Human Biology and Genomics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Won-Ji Ryu
- Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (W.-J.R.); (H.J.H.); (T.Y.K.)
| | - Hyun Ju Han
- Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (W.-J.R.); (H.J.H.); (T.Y.K.)
| | - Tae Yeong Kim
- Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (W.-J.R.); (H.J.H.); (T.Y.K.)
| | - Min Hwan Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.H.K.); (J.S.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-8135 (M.H.K. & J.S.)
| | - Joohyuk Sohn
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.H.K.); (J.S.); Tel.: +82-2-2228-8135 (M.H.K. & J.S.)
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Liu Z, Huang J, Jiang Q, Li X, Tang X, Chen S, Jiang L, Fu G, Liu S. miR-125a attenuates the malignant biological behaviors of cervical squamous cell carcinoma cells through Rad51. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8503-8514. [PMID: 35332852 PMCID: PMC9161904 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), the most common cervical malignancy, is more likely to invade and metastasize than other cervical cancers. miR-125a, a tumor suppressor gene, has been confirmed to be associated with cancer metastasis. However, the role of miR-125a in CSCC and the underlying mechanism are unknown. miR-125a expression was confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and the Rad51 expression level was measured by western blotting analysis. CSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed with functional assays, including CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing and Transwell assays. Our data confirmed that miR-125a is expressed at low levels in CSCC tissues and cells. Functionally, the overexpression of miR-125a greatly prevented the proliferation, migration and invasion of CSCC cells, and the inhibition of miR-125a expression strongly enhanced these behaviors in CSCC cells. Moreover, the expression of Rad51, a miR-125a target gene, greatly reversed the miR-125-mediated inhibition of CSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In addition, we discovered that miR-125a downregulated the levels of phosphorylated PI3K, AKT and mTOR through Rad51 in CSCC cells. miR-125a, a tumor suppressor, can attenuate the malignant behaviors of CSCC cells by targeting Rad51. Therefore, the miR-125a/Rad51 axis might be a target for CSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Longyan, Longyan, China
| | - Jinchang Huang
- Department of Pathology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, the Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qiuju Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Longyan, Longyan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Longyan, Longyan, China
| | - Xiaohui Tang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Longyan, Longyan, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Longyan, Longyan, China
| | - Liling Jiang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Longyan, Longyan, China
| | - Genghua Fu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Longyan, Longyan, China
| | - Sijun Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan, China
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Liu H, Weng J. A Pan-Cancer Bioinformatic Analysis of RAD51 Regarding the Values for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Prediction. Front Oncol 2022; 12:858756. [PMID: 35359409 PMCID: PMC8960930 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.858756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RAD51, a critical protein for DNA repairment, has been found to associate with multiple cancer types, but, so far, a systematic pan-cancer analysis of RAD51 has not been done yet. Methods Data were obtained from multiple open databases and genetic alteration, gene expression, survival association, functional enrichment, stemness, mutation association, immunity association, and drug therapy association of RAD51were analyzed. A prognostic model of RAD51 for overall glioma was constructed as an example application of RAD51 as a biomarker. Results RAD51 was overexpressed in 28 types of cancers and was associated with worse overall survival in 11 cancer types. RAD51 correlated genes were enriched in cell cycle terms. RAD51 was associated with cancer stemness, tumor mutational burden, and multiple immunomodulators in different cancer types. RAD51 expression was different across immune subtypes in 11 cancer types. RAD51 was closely associated with cancer immune microenvironments in some cancer types. Proliferating T cells was the cell type that expressed highest RAD51 across most of the cancer samples analyzed. RAD51 expression had an AUC of over 0.5 in 12 of the 23 ICB subcohorts. The Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion of 9 cancer types were different between RAD51 high and low groups. RAD51 expression showed negative correlations with the sensitivity of most drugs. A prognostic nomogram was constructed with a high confidence. Conclusion RAD51 is a clinical valuable biomarker for multiple cancer types, regarding its potential power for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jieling Weng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Fu X, Tan W, Song Q, Pei H, Li J. BRCA1 and Breast Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:813457. [PMID: 35300412 PMCID: PMC8921524 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.813457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor gene, which is mainly involved in the repair of DNA damage, cell cycle regulation, maintenance of genome stability, and other important physiological processes. Mutations or defects in the BRCA1 gene significantly increase the risk of breast, ovarian, prostate, and other cancers in carriers. In this review, we summarized the molecular functions and regulation of BRCA1 and discussed recent insights into the detection and treatment of BRCA1 mutated breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Fu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huadong Pei
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Juanjuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Effective targeting of breast cancer stem cells by combined inhibition of Sam68 and Rad51. Oncogene 2022; 41:2196-2209. [PMID: 35217791 PMCID: PMC8993694 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second cause of cancer-related deceases in the worldwide female population. Despite the successful treatment advances, 25% of BC develops resistance to current therapeutic regimens, thereby remaining a major hurdle for patient management. Current therapies, targeting the molecular events underpinning the adaptive resistance, still require effort to improve BC treatment. Using BC sphere cells (BCSphCs) as a model, here we showed that BC stem-like cells express high levels of Myc, which requires the presence of the multifunctional DNA/RNA binding protein Sam68 for the DNA-damage repair. Analysis of a cohort of BC patients displayed that Sam68 is an independent negative factor correlated with the progression of the disease. Genetic inhibition of Sam68 caused a defect in PARP-induced PAR chain synthesis upon DNA-damaging insults, resulting in cell death of TNBC cells. In contrast, BC stem-like cells were able to survive due to an upregulation of Rad51. Importantly, the inhibition of Rad51 showed synthetic lethal effect with the silencing of Sam68, hampering the cell viability of patient-derived BCSphCs and stabilizing the growth of tumor xenografts, including those TNBC carrying BRCA mutation. Moreover, the analysis of Myc, Sam68 and Rad51 expression demarcated a signature of a poor outcome in a large cohort of BC patients. Thus, our findings suggest the importance of targeting Sam68-PARP1 axis and Rad51 as potential therapeutic candidates to counteract the expansion of BC cells with an aggressive phenotype.
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Meyer F, Engel AM, Krause AK, Wagner T, Poole L, Dubrovska A, Peitzsch C, Rothkamm K, Petersen C, Borgmann K. Efficient DNA Repair Mitigates Replication Stress Resulting in Less Immunogenic Cytosolic DNA in Radioresistant Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:765284. [PMID: 35280989 PMCID: PMC8913591 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.765284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a major cause of tumor therapy failure. This is mainly attributed to increased DNA repair capacity and immune escape. Recent studies have shown that functional DNA repair via homologous recombination (HR) prevents radiation-induced accumulation of DNA in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting the intracellular immune response. However, it is unclear whether CSCs can suppress radiation-induced cytoplasmic dsDNA formation. Here, we show that the increased radioresistance of ALDH1-positive breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) in S phase is mediated by both enhanced DNA double-strand break repair and improved replication fork protection due to HR. Both HR-mediated processes lead to suppression of radiation-induced replication stress and consequently reduction of cytoplasmic dsDNA. The amount of cytoplasmic dsDNA correlated significantly with BCSC content (p=0.0002). This clearly indicates that HR-dependent avoidance of radiation-induced replication stress mediates radioresistance and contributes to its immune evasion. Consistent with this, enhancement of replication stress by inhibition of ataxia telangiectasia and RAD3 related (ATR) resulted in significant radiosensitization (SER37 increase 1.7-2.8 Gy, p<0.0001). Therefore, disruption of HR-mediated processes, particularly in replication, opens a CSC-specific radiosensitization option by enhancing their intracellular immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Meyer
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Engel
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ann Kristin Krause
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Wagner
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Poole
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Peitzsch
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden: German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Rothkamm
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cordula Petersen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Borgmann
- Laboratory of Radiobiology & Experimental Radiooncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kerstin Borgmann,
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Liu P, Zhou W, Yang L, Zhang C. E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF180 reduces sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer cells to Gefitinib by downregulating RAD51. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109798. [PMID: 34998818 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gefitinib (Gef) is an EGFR inhibitor and its resistance in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a critical concern. E3 ubiquitin ligases are pivotal for mediation of TNBC metastasis. However, the role of E3 ubiquitin ligase Ring Finger Protein 180 (RNF180) in EGFR inhibitor resistance of TNBC remains unclear. This study was performed to investigate how the E3 ubiquitin protein ligase RNF180 manipulated the growth, metastasis, and resistance to Gef of TNBC cells. METHODS TNBC tissues were harvested for detection of RNF180 and RAD51 expression. Gef-resistant cell lines were constructed. Next, gain- and loss-of-function assays were implemented in TNBC cell lines and Gef-resistant cell lines, followed by assessment of TNBC cell biological processes. IP assay was performed to detect the interaction between RNF180 and RAD51. Drug resistance-related genes (MRP1, BCRP, and MDR1) were evaluated by Western blot and RT-qPCR. The tumorigenesis was performed in nude mice to observe the growth and metastasis of TNBC in vivo. RESULTS RAD51 was highly expressed in TNBC tissues and cells, while RNF180 was poorly expressed. Mechanistically, RNF180 degraded RAD51 by ubiquitination. Overexpression of RNF180 or silencing of RAD51 suppressed proliferation, invasion, migration, and Gef resistance of TNBC cells and accelerated their apoptosis. Upregulation of RNF180 or downregulation of RAD51 diminished tumorigenesis and Gef resistance of TNBC in mice. CONCLUSION RNF180 degraded RAD51 by ubiquitination, thereby inhibiting TNBC cell growth and metastasis and sensitizing TNBC cells to Gef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pian Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, PR China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, PR China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, PR China.
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The role of PARP inhibitors in gastrointestinal cancers. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 171:103621. [PMID: 35124199 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of BReast CAncer (BRCA) mutations as biomarkers for sensitivity to DNA damage response (DDR) targeted drugs and platinum agents is well documented in breast and gynaecological cancers. More recently the successful use DDR targeted therapies including poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors has been shown to extend to other germline and somatic deficiencies within the homologous recombination (HR) pathway1-3. Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are lagging behind other tumour types when it comes to personalising treatment with targeted therapies. Current methods of identifying PARP-inhibitor sensitivity in gastrointestinal cancers are based on analogies from other cancer types despite there being a lack of uniformity in determining HR status between tumour types. There is an urgent clinical need to better understand the treatment implications of DDR alterations in gastrointestinal cancers. We have reviewed PARP-inhibitor use in pancreatic, gastroesophageal, hepatobiliary and colorectal cancers and explored HRD as a biomarker for sensitivity to PARP-inhibitors.
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Azzoni V, Wicinski J, Macario M, Castagné M, Finetti P, Ambrosova K, Rouault CD, Sergé A, Farina A, Agavnian E, Coslet S, Josselin E, Guille A, Adelaide J, Zacharioudakis E, Castellano R, Bertucci F, Birnbaum D, Rodriguez R, Charafe-Jauffret E, Ginestier C. BMI1 nuclear location is critical for RAD51-dependent response to replication stress and drives chemoresistance in breast cancer stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:96. [PMID: 35110528 PMCID: PMC8811067 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Replication stress (RS) has a pivotal role in tumor initiation, progression, or therapeutic resistance. In this study, we depicted the mechanism of breast cancer stem cells’ (bCSCs) response to RS and its clinical implication. We demonstrated that bCSCs present a limited level of RS compared with non-bCSCs in patient samples. We described for the first time that the spatial nuclear location of BMI1 protein triggers RS response in breast cancers. Hence, in bCSCs, BMI1 is rapidly located to stalled replication forks to recruit RAD51 and activate homologous-recombination machinery, whereas in non-bCSCs BMI1 is trapped on demethylated 1q12 megasatellites precluding effective RS response. We further demonstrated that BMI1/RAD51 axis activation is necessary to prevent cisplatin-induced DNA damage and that treatment of patient-derived xenografts with a RAD51 inhibitor sensitizes tumor-initiating cells to cisplatin. The comprehensive view of replicative-stress response in bCSC has profound implications for understanding and improving therapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violette Azzoni
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Julien Wicinski
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Manon Macario
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Martin Castagné
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Finetti
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Predictive Oncology, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Katerina Ambrosova
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Célia D Rouault
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Sergé
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, leuko/stromal interactions in normal and pathological hematopoiesis Lab, Marseille, France
| | - Anne Farina
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Experimental Pathology Platform, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Agavnian
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Experimental Pathology Platform, Marseille, France
| | - Sergiu Coslet
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Experimental Pathology Platform, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Josselin
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, TrGET Plateform, Marseille, France
| | - Arnaud Guille
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Predictive Oncology, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - José Adelaide
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Predictive Oncology, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Emmanouil Zacharioudakis
- Institut Curie, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Chemical Cell Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, TrGET Plateform, Marseille, France
| | - Francois Bertucci
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Predictive Oncology, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Birnbaum
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Predictive Oncology, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France
| | - Raphael Rodriguez
- Institut Curie, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Research University, Chemical Cell Biology Group, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France.
| | - Christophe Ginestier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, "Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer", Marseille, France.
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Mavrommati I, Johnson F, Echeverria GV, Natrajan R. Subclonal heterogeneity and evolution in breast cancer. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:155. [PMID: 34934048 PMCID: PMC8692469 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclonal heterogeneity and evolution are characteristics of breast cancer that play a fundamental role in tumour development, progression and resistance to current therapies. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in understanding the epigenetic and transcriptomic changes that occur within breast cancer and their importance in terms of cancer development, progression and therapy resistance with a particular focus on alterations at the single-cell level. Furthermore, we highlight the utility of using single-cell tracing and molecular barcoding methodologies in preclinical models to assess disease evolution and response to therapy. We discuss how the integration of single-cell profiling from patient samples can be used in conjunction with results from preclinical models to untangle the complexities of this disease and identify biomarkers of disease progression, including measures of intra-tumour heterogeneity themselves, and how enhancing this understanding has the potential to uncover new targetable vulnerabilities in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Mavrommati
- grid.18886.3fThe Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Flora Johnson
- grid.18886.3fThe Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Gloria V. Echeverria
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XLester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA ,grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA ,grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA ,grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Rachael Natrajan
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
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The Clinical Challenges, Trials, and Errors of Combatting Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors Resistance. Cancer J 2021; 27:491-500. [PMID: 34904812 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The use of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) exploits synthetic lethality in solid tumors with homologous recombination repair (HRR) defects. Significant clinical benefit has been established in breast and ovarian cancers harboring BRCA1/2 mutations, as well as tumors harboring characteristics of "BRCAness." However, the durability of treatment responses is limited, and emerging data have demonstrated the clinical challenge of PARPi resistance. With the expanding use of PARPi, the significance of PARP therapy in patients pretreated with PARPi remains in need of significant further investigation. Molecular mechanisms contributing to this phenomenon include restoration of HRR function, replication fork stabilization, BRCA1/2 reversion mutations, and epigenetic changes. Current studies are evaluating the utility of combination therapies of PARPi with cell cycle checkpoint inhibitors, antiangiogenic agents, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway inhibitors, MEK inhibitors, and epigenetic modifiers to overcome this resistance. In this review, we address the mechanisms of PARPi resistance supported by preclinical models, examine current clinical trials applying combination therapy to overcome PARPi resistance, and discuss future directions to enhance the clinical efficacy of PARPi.
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Yin YP, Ma LY, Cao GZ, Hua JH, Lv XT, Lin WC. FK228 potentiates topotecan activity against small cell lung cancer cells via induction of SLFN11. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 43:2119-2127. [PMID: 34893686 PMCID: PMC9343610 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00817-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The response rate of topotecan, as a second-line chemotherapeutic drug for small cell lung cancer, is ~20%. DNA/RNA helicase SLFN11 (schlafen family member 11), a member of the Schlafen (SLFN) family, is a crucial determinant of response to many DNA damaging agents, expression of SLFN11 tends to augment the antitumor effects of the commonly used DNA-targeting agents. In the present study we investigated how SLFN11 expression regulated the sensitivity of small cell lung cancer to topotecan. We showed that SLFN11 expression levels were positively associated with the sensitivity to topotecan in a panel of seven SCLC cell lines. Topotecan treatment induced different patterns of the DNA response network in SCLC cells: DNA damage response (DDR) was more prominently activated in SLFN11-deficient SCLC cell line H82 than in SLFN11-plentiful SCLC cell line DMS273, whereas topotecan induced significant accumulation of p-Chk1, p-RPA2 and Rad51 in H82 cells, but not in DMS273 cells. We unraveled that SLFN11 expression was highly negatively correlated to the methylation of the SLFN11 promoter. HDAC inhibitors FK228 and SAHA dose-dependently increased SLFN11 expression through suppressing DNA methylation at the SLFN11 promoter, thereby sensitizing SCLC cells to topotecan. Finally, we assessed the methylation status of the SLFN11 promoter in 27 SCLC clinical specimens, and found that most of the clinical samples (24/27) showed DNA methylation at the SLFN11 promoter. In conclusion, it is feasible to combine topotecan with FK228 to improve the response rate of topotecan in SCLC patients.
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Rizvi A, Merlin MA, Shah GM. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition in cancer: Potential impact in cancer stem cells and therapeutic implications. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 911:174546. [PMID: 34600907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) are used in mono- or combination therapies for several malignancies. They are also used as maintenance therapy for some cancers after initial treatment. While the focus of this therapeutic approach is on the effect of PARP inhibition on the bulk tumour cells, in this review, we discuss their effect on the cancer stem cells. We identify key mediators and pathways in cancer stem cells whose response to PARP inhibition is not necessarily the same as the rest of the tumour cells. Since the cancer stem cells are known drivers of growth of tumours and their resistance to therapy, the clinical outcome might be drastically different than what is expected, if the effect of PARP inhibition on the cancer stem cells is not taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, The Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India; CHU de Québec Université Laval Research Center, Neuroscience Division, Québec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Marine A Merlin
- CHU de Québec Université Laval Research Center, Neuroscience Division, Québec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada; Cancer Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Girish M Shah
- CHU de Québec Université Laval Research Center, Neuroscience Division, Québec City, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada; Cancer Research Center, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
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Han Y, Hu X, Yun X, Liu J, Yang J, Tian Z, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Nucleolar and spindle associated protein 1 enhances chemoresistance through DNA damage repair pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by binding with RAD51. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1083. [PMID: 34782617 PMCID: PMC8593035 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolar and spindle-associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) is an essential regulator of mitotic progression, spindle assembly, and chromosome attachment. Although NUSAP1 acts as an oncogene involved in the progression of several cancers, the exact role of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains elusive. Herein, we first discovered obvious overexpression of NUSAP1 in CLL associated with poor prognosis. Next, the NUSAP1 level was modulated by transfecting CLL cells with lentivirus. Silencing NUSAP1 inhibited the cell proliferation, promoted cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest. Mechanistically, high expression of NUSAP1 strengthened DNA damage repairing with RAD51 engagement. Our results also indicated that NUSAP1 knockdown suppressed the growth CLL cells in vivo. We further confirmed that NUSAP1 reduction enhanced the sensitivity of CLL cells to fludarabine or ibrutinib. Overall, our research investigates the mechanism by which NUSAP1 enhances chemoresistance via DNA damage repair (DDR) signaling by stabilizing RAD51 in CLL cells. Hence, NUSAP1 may be expected to be a perspective target for the treatment of CLL with chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xinting Hu
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xiaoya Yun
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Jiarui Liu
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Juan Yang
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Zheng Tian
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012 China ,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China. .,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China. .,Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
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Malla R, Marni R, Chakraborty A, Kamal MA. Diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide in garlic as novel therapeutic agents to overcome drug resistance in breast cancer. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:221-231. [PMID: 35582397 PMCID: PMC9091922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. It is a cancer that originates from the mammary ducts and involves mutations in multiple genes. Recently, the treatment of breast cancer has become increasingly challenging owing to the increase in tumor heterogeneity and aggressiveness, which gives rise to therapeutic resistance. Epidemiological, population-based, and hospital-based case-control studies have demonstrated an association between high intake of certain Allium vegetables and a reduced risk in the development of breast cancer. Diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) are the main allyl sulfur compounds present in garlic, and are known to exhibit anticancer activity as they interfere with breast cancer cell proliferation, tumor metastasis, and angiogenesis. The present review highlights multidrug resistance mechanisms and their signaling pathways in breast cancer. This review discusses the potential anticancer activities of DADS and DATS, with emphasis on drug resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Understanding the anticancer activities of DADS and DATS provides insights into their potential in targeting drug resistance mechanisms of TNBC, especially in clinical studies. The review describes the causes of drug resistance in TNBC. The effects of DADS and DATS on drug resistance mechanisms in TNBC are presented. The impacts of DADS and DATS on metastasis of TNBC are discussed. Antitumor immune activities of DADS and DATS against TNBC are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- RamaRao Malla
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rakshmitha Marni
- Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | | | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, Hebersham, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, New South Wales, 2770, Australia
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Mullen MM, Lomonosova E, Toboni MD, Oplt A, Cybulla E, Blachut B, Zhao P, Noia H, Wilke D, Rankin EB, Kuroki LM, Hagemann AR, Hagemann IS, McCourt CK, Thaker PH, Mutch DG, Powell MA, Mosammaparast N, Vindigni A, Fuh KC. GAS6/AXL Inhibition Enhances Ovarian Cancer Sensitivity to Chemotherapy and PARP Inhibition through Increased DNA Damage and Enhanced Replication Stress. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 20:265-279. [PMID: 34670865 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over 80% of women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) develop tumor resistance to chemotherapy and die of their disease. There are currently no FDA-approved agents to improve sensitivity to first-line platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy or to PARP inhibitors. Here, we tested the hypothesis that expression of growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS6), the ligand of receptor tyrosine kinase AXL, is associated with chemotherapy response and that sequestration of GAS6 with AVB-S6-500 (AVB-500) could improve tumor response to chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors. We found that GAS6 levels in patient tumor and serum samples collected before chemotherapy correlated with ovarian cancer chemoresponse and patient survival. Compared with chemotherapy alone, AVB-500 plus carboplatin and/or paclitaxel led to decreased ovarian cancer-cell survival in vitro and tumor burden in vivo. Cells treated with AVB-500 plus carboplatin had more DNA damage, slower DNA replication fork progression, and fewer RAD51 foci than cells treated with carboplatin alone, indicating AVB-500 impaired homologous recombination (HR). Finally, treatment with the PARP inhibitor olaparib plus AVB-500 led to decreased ovarian cancer-cell survival in vitro and less tumor burden in vivo. Importantly, this effect was seen in HR-proficient and HR-deficient ovarian cancer cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that GAS6 levels could be used to predict response to carboplatin and AVB-500 could be used to treat platinum-resistant, HR-proficient HGSOC. IMPLICATIONS: GAS6/AXL is a novel target to sensitize ovarian cancers to carboplatin and olaparib. Additionally, GAS6 levels can be associated with response to carboplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Mullen
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Elena Lomonosova
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael D Toboni
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Alyssa Oplt
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Emily Cybulla
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.,Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Barbara Blachut
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Peinan Zhao
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Hollie Noia
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel Wilke
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Erinn B Rankin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Lindsay M Kuroki
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrea R Hagemann
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Ian S Hagemann
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.,Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Carolyn K McCourt
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Premal H Thaker
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - David G Mutch
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew A Powell
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Nima Mosammaparast
- Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Katherine C Fuh
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
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50
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Wu Y, Zhao H. CTBP1 strengthens the cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells by upregulating RAD51 expression. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:810. [PMID: 34630717 PMCID: PMC8490970 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a key factor affecting the treatment of gastric cancer. The resistance of gastric cancer cells to anticancer drugs, such as cisplatin (DDP), remains a major challenge to patient recovery. The present study aimed to investigate the roles of C-terminal-binding protein 1 (CTBP1) in the DDP resistance of gastric cancer cells and to determine its regulatory effect on DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1 (RAD51). The DDP-resistant human gastric cancer AGS and HGC cell lines, AGS/DDP and HGC-27/DDP, respectively, were established and CTBP1 expression was detected by western blotting. In addition, Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation and flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of these two cell lines following CTBP1 knockdown. The expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by western blotting. In addition, RAD51 was overexpressed in CTBP1 knockdown cells, and proliferation and apoptosis were subsequently determined using the aforementioned methods. The results demonstrated that CTBP1 expression was notably increased in DDP-resistant gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, CTBP1 knockdown suppressed the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of AGS/DDP and HGC-27/DDP cells. Notably, CTBP1 promoted RAD51 expression in DDP-resistant gastric cancer cells. Overexpression of RAD51 in CTBP1 knockdown AGS/DDP and HGC-27/DDP cells rescued the proliferation and alleviated the apoptosis of these cells. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that CTBP1 may enhance the DDP resistance of gastric cancer cells by activating RAD51 expression, thus providing a potential novel therapy (CTBP1 knockdown) for the clinical treatment of patients with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuluo Wu
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524000, P.R. China
| | - Haiyang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Zhongguancun Hospital, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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