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Wang X, Sun K, Wang C, Yang M, Qian K, Ye B, Guo X, Shao Y, Chu C, Xue F, Li J, Bai J. Ultrasound-responsive microfibers promoted infected wound healing with neuro-vascularization by segmented sonodynamic therapy and electrical stimulation. Biomaterials 2025; 313:122803. [PMID: 39232334 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria-infected wounds pose challenges to healing due to persistent infection and associated damage to nerves and vessels. Although sonodynamic therapy can help kill bacteria, it is limited by the residual oxidative stress, resulting in prolonged inflammation. To tackle these barriers, novel 4 octyl itaconate-coated Li-doped ZnO/PLLA piezoelectric composite microfibers are developed, offering a whole-course "targeted" treatment under ultrasound therapy. The inclusion of Li atoms causes the ZnO lattice distortion and increases the band gap, enhancing the piezoelectric and sonocatalytic properties of the composite microfibers, collaborated by an aligned PLLA conformation design. During the infection and inflammation stages, the piezoelectric microfibers exhibit spatiotemporal-dependent therapeutic effects, swiftly eliminating over 94.2 % of S. aureus within 15 min under sonodynamic therapy. Following this phase, the microfibers capture reactive oxygen species and aid macrophage reprogramming, restoring mitochondrial function, achieving homeostasis, and shortening inflammation cycles. As the wound progresses through the healing stages, bioactive Zn2+ and Li + ions are continuously released, improving cell recruitment, and the piezoelectrical stimulation enhances wound recovery with neuro-vascularization. Compared to commercially available dressings, our microfibers accelerate the closure of rat wounds (Φ = 15 mm) without scarring in 12 days. Overall, this "one stone, four birds" wound management strategy presents a promising avenue for infected wound therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianli Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119276, Singapore; Institute of Medical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Ke Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Medical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Medical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Medical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Medical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Bing Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yi Shao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Medical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Chenglin Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119276, Singapore.
| | - Jing Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials, Jiangning, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Medical Devices (Suzhou), Southeast University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
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Shearer A, Molinaro M, Montazerian M, Sly JJ, Miola M, Baino F, Mauro JC. The unexplored role of alkali and alkaline earth elements (ALAEs) on the structure, processing, and biological effects of bioactive glasses. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:2521-2560. [PMID: 38530228 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01338c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive glass has been employed in several medical applications since its inception in 1969. The compositions of these materials have been investigated extensively with emphasis on glass network formers, therapeutic transition metals, and glass network modifiers. Through these experiments, several commercial and experimental compositions have been developed with varying chemical durability, induced physiological responses, and hydroxyapatite forming abilities. In many of these studies, the concentrations of each alkali and alkaline earth element have been altered to monitor changes in structure and biological response. This review aims to discuss the impact of each alkali and alkaline earth element on the structure, processing, and biological effects of bioactive glass. We explore critical questions regarding these elements from both a glass science and biological perspective. Should elements with little biological impact be included? Are alkali free bioactive glasses more promising for greater biological responses? Does this mixed alkali effect show increased degradation rates and should it be employed for optimized dissolution? Each of these questions along with others are evaluated comprehensively and discussed in the final section where guidance for compositional design is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Shearer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Matthew Molinaro
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Maziar Montazerian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Jessica J Sly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Marta Miola
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - John C Mauro
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
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3
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Bortolozzi A, Fico G, Berk M, Solmi M, Fornaro M, Quevedo J, Zarate CA, Kessing LV, Vieta E, Carvalho AF. New Advances in the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Lithium: A Neurobiologically Oriented Overview. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:323-357. [PMID: 38697859 PMCID: PMC11068842 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last six decades, lithium has been considered the gold standard treatment for the long-term management of bipolar disorder due to its efficacy in preventing both manic and depressive episodes as well as suicidal behaviors. Nevertheless, despite numerous observed effects on various cellular pathways and biologic systems, the precise mechanism through which lithium stabilizes mood remains elusive. Furthermore, there is recent support for the therapeutic potential of lithium in other brain diseases. This review offers a comprehensive examination of contemporary understanding and predominant theories concerning the diverse mechanisms underlying lithium's effects. These findings are based on investigations utilizing cellular and animal models of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Recent studies have provided additional support for the significance of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibition as a crucial mechanism. Furthermore, research has shed more light on the interconnections between GSK3-mediated neuroprotective, antioxidant, and neuroplasticity processes. Moreover, recent advancements in animal and human models have provided valuable insights into how lithium-induced modifications at the homeostatic synaptic plasticity level may play a pivotal role in its clinical effectiveness. We focused on findings from translational studies suggesting that lithium may interface with microRNA expression. Finally, we are exploring the repurposing potential of lithium beyond bipolar disorder. These recent findings on the therapeutic mechanisms of lithium have provided important clues toward developing predictive models of response to lithium treatment and identifying new biologic targets. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Lithium is the drug of choice for the treatment of bipolar disorder, but its mechanism of action in stabilizing mood remains elusive. This review presents the latest evidence on lithium's various mechanisms of action. Recent evidence has strengthened glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) inhibition, changes at the level of homeostatic synaptic plasticity, and regulation of microRNA expression as key mechanisms, providing an intriguing perspective that may help bridge the mechanistic gap between molecular functions and its clinical efficacy as a mood stabilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analia Bortolozzi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Giovanna Fico
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Michael Berk
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Marco Solmi
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Michele Fornaro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Carlos A Zarate
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Lars V Kessing
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona (IIBB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain (A.B.); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain (A.B., G.F., E.V.); Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (G.F., E.V.); IMPACT - The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia (M.B., A.F.C.); Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); The Champlain First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada (M.S.); Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (M.S.); Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostomatology, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy (M.F.); Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health), Houston, Texas (J.Q.); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (C.A.Z.); Copenhagen Affective Disorders Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark (L.V.K.); and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.V.K.)
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Yoshida YG, Yan S, Xu H, Yang J. Novel Metal Nanomaterials to Promote Angiogenesis in Tissue Regeneration. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2023; 4:265-276. [PMID: 37234753 PMCID: PMC10207714 DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis-the formation of new blood vessels from existing blood vessels-has drawn significant attention in medical research. New techniques have been developed to control proangiogenic factors to obtain desired effects. Two important research areas are 1) understanding cellular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in angiogenesis and 2) discovering new biomaterials and nanomaterials with proangiogenic effects. This paper reviews recent developments in controlling angiogenesis in the context of regenerative medicine and wound healing. We focus on novel proangiogenic materials that will advance the field of regenerative medicine. Specifically, we mainly focus on metal nanomaterials. We also discuss novel technologies developed to carry these proangiogenic inorganic molecules efficiently to target sites. We offer a comprehensive overview by combining existing knowledge regarding metal nanomaterials with novel developments that are still being refined to identify new nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki G. Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Su Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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Yang H, Jin D, Rao J, Shi J, Li G, Wang C, Yan K, Bai J, Bao G, Yin M, Zheng Y. Lithium-Induced Optimization Mechanism for an Ultrathin-Strut Biodegradable Zn-Based Vascular Scaffold. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301074. [PMID: 36920258 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To reduce incidences of in-stent restenosis and thrombosis, the use of a thinner-strut stent has been clinically proven to be effective. Therefore, the contemporary trend is toward the use of ultrathin-strut (≤70 µm) designs for durable stents. However, stents made from biodegradable platforms have failed to achieve intergenerational breakthroughs due to their excessively thick struts. Here, microalloying is used to create an ultrathin-strut (65 µm) zinc (Zn) scaffold with modified biodegradation behavior and improved biofunction, by adding lithium (Li). The scaffold backbone consists of an ultrafine-grained Zn matrix (average grain diameter 2.28 µm) with uniformly distributed nanoscale Li-containing phases. Grain refinement and precipitation strengthening enable it to achieve twice the radial strength with only 40% of the strut thickness of the pure Zn scaffold. Adding Li alters the thermodynamic formation pathways of products during scaffold biodegradation, creating an alkaline microenvironment. Li2 CO3 may actively stabilize this microenvironment due to its higher solubility and better buffering capability than Zn products. The co-release of ionic zinc and lithium enhances the beneficial differential effects on activities of endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells, resulting in good endothelialization and limited intimal hyperplasia in porcine coronary arteries. The findings here may break the predicament of the next-generation biodegradable scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Dawei Jin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dong Fang Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Jiancun Rao
- AIM Lab, Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Jiahui Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guannan Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Institute of Surface Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Kai Yan
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225127, P. R. China
| | - Jing Bai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Guo Bao
- Department of Reproduction and Physiology, National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Meng Yin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1678 Dong Fang Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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6
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Cure of Alzheimer's Dementia Requires Addressing All of the Affected Brain Cell Types. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12052049. [PMID: 36902833 PMCID: PMC10004473 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple genetic, metabolic, and environmental abnormalities are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). If all of those abnormalities were addressed it should be possible to reverse the dementia; however, that would require a suffocating volume of drugs. Nevertheless, the problem may be simplified by using available data to address, instead, the brain cells whose functions become changed as a result of the abnormalities, because at least eleven drugs are available from which to formulate a rational therapy to correct those changes. The affected brain cell types are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, endothelial cells/pericytes, and microglia. The available drugs include clemastine, dantrolene, erythropoietin, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, minocycline, pioglitazone, piracetam, and riluzole. This article describes the ways by which the individual cell types contribute to AD's pathogenesis and how each of the drugs corrects the changes in the cell types. All five of the cell types may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD; of the 11 drugs, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, and pioglitazone, each address all five of the cell types. Fingolimod only slightly addresses endothelial cells, and memantine is the weakest of the remaining four. Low doses of either two or three drugs are suggested in order to minimize the likelihood of toxicity and drug-drug interactions (including drugs used for co-morbidities). Suggested two-drug combinations are pioglitazone plus lithium and pioglitazone plus fluoxetine; a three-drug combination could add either clemastine or memantine. Clinical trials are required to validate that the suggest combinations may reverse AD.
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7
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Puglisi-Allegra S, Lazzeri G, Busceti CL, Giorgi FS, Biagioni F, Fornai F. Lithium engages autophagy for neuroprotection and neuroplasticity: translational evidence for therapy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 148:105148. [PMID: 36996994 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Here an overview is provided on therapeutic/neuroprotective effects of Lithium (Li+) in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders focusing on the conspicuous action of Li+ through autophagy. The effects on the autophagy machinery remain the key molecular mechanisms to explain the protective effects of Li+ for neurodegenerative diseases, offering potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders and emphasizes a crossroad linking autophagy, neurodegenerative disorders, and mood stabilization. Sensitization by psychostimulants points to several mechanisms involved in psychopathology, most also crucial in neurodegenerative disorders. Evidence shows the involvement of autophagy and metabotropic Glutamate receptors-5 (mGluR5) in neurodegeneration due to methamphetamine neurotoxicity as well as in neuroprotection, both in vitro and in vivo models. More recently, Li+ was shown to modulate autophagy through its action on mGluR5, thus pointing to an additional way of autophagy engagement by Li+ and to a substantial role of mGluR5 in neuroprotection related to neural e neuropsychiatry diseases. We propose Li+ engagement of autophagy through the canonical mechanisms of autophagy machinery and through the intermediary of mGluR5.
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8
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Fessel J. Supplementary Pharmacotherapy for the Behavioral Abnormalities Caused by Stressors in Humans, Focused on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). J Clin Med 2023; 12:1680. [PMID: 36836215 PMCID: PMC9967886 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Used as a supplement to psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy that addresses all of the known metabolic and genetic contributions to the pathogenesis of psychiatric conditions caused by stressors would require an inordinate number of drugs. Far simpler is to address the abnormalities caused by those metabolic and genetic changes in the cell types of the brain that mediate the behavioral abnormality. Relevant data regarding the changed brain cell types are described in this article and are derived from subjects with the paradigmatic behavioral abnormality of PTSD and from subjects with traumatic brain injury or chronic traumatic encephalopathy. If this analysis is correct, then therapy is required that benefits all of the affected brain cell types; those are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, synapses and neurons, endothelial cells, and microglia (the pro-inflammatory (M1) subtype requires switching to the anti-inflammatory (M2) subtype). Combinations are advocated using several drugs, erythropoietin, fluoxetine, lithium, and pioglitazone, that benefit all of the five cell types, and that should be used to form a two-drug combination, suggested as pioglitazone with either fluoxetine or lithium. Clemastine, fingolimod, and memantine benefit four of the cell types, and one chosen from those could be added to the two-drug combination to form a three-drug combination. Using low doses of chosen drugs will limit both toxicity and drug-drug interactions. A clinical trial is required to validate both the advocated concept and the choice of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Fessel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 2069 Filbert Street, San Francisco, CA 94123, USA
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9
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Yang C, Zhu B, Zhan M, Hua ZC. Lithium in Cancer Therapy: Friend or Foe? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041095. [PMID: 36831437 PMCID: PMC9954674 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium, a trace element important for fetal health and development, is considered a metal drug with a well-established clinical regime, economical production process, and a mature storage system. Several studies have shown that lithium affects tumor development by regulating inositol monophosphate (IMPase) and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3). Lithium can also promote proliferation and programmed cell death (PCD) in tumor cells through a number of new targets, such as the nuclear receptor NR4A1 and Hedgehog-Gli. Lithium may increase cancer treatment efficacy while reducing side effects, suggesting that it can be used as an adjunctive therapy. In this review, we summarize the effects of lithium on tumor progression and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss lithium's limitations in antitumor clinical applications, including its narrow therapeutic window and potential pro-cancer effects on the tumor immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhao Yang
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (Z.-C.H.)
| | - Mingjie Zhan
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zi-Chun Hua
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Correspondence: (B.Z.); (Z.-C.H.)
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10
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Qin C, Zhang H, Chen L, Zhang M, Ma J, Zhuang H, Huan Z, Xiao Y, Wu C. Cell-Laden Scaffolds for Vascular-Innervated Bone Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2201923. [PMID: 36748277 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
For regeneration of highly vascularized and innervated tissues, like bone, simultaneous ingrowth of blood vessels and nerves is essential but largely neglected. To address this issue, a "pre-angiogenic" cell-laden scaffold with durable angiogenic functions is prepared according to the bioactivities of silicate bioceramics and the instructive effects of vascular cells on neurogenesis and bone repair. Compared with traditional cell-free scaffolds, the prepared cell-laden scaffolds printed with active cells and bioactive inks can support long-term cell survival and growth for three weeks. The long-lived scaffolds exhibited durable angiogenic capability both in vitro and in vivo. The pre-angiogenic scaffolds can induce the neurogenetic differentiation of neural cells and the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by the synergistic effects of released bioactive ions and the ability of vascular cells to attract neurons. The enhanced bone regeneration with both vascularization and innervation is attributed to these physiological functions of the pre-angiogenic cell-laden scaffolds, which is defined as "vascular-innervated" bone regeneration. It is suggested that the concept of "vascular-innervated scaffolds" may represent the future direction of biomaterials for complex tissue/organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jingge Ma
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguang Huan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Mechanical, Medical & Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4000, Australia
| | - Chengtie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, Shanghai, 200050, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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11
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Fessel J. Formulating treatment of major psychiatric disorders: algorithm targets the dominantly affected brain cell-types. DISCOVER MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 3:3. [PMID: 37861813 PMCID: PMC10501034 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-022-00029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacotherapy for most psychiatric conditions was developed from serendipitous observations of benefit from drugs prescribed for different reasons. An algorithmic approach to formulating pharmacotherapy is proposed, based upon which combination of changed activities by brain cell-types is dominant for any particular condition, because those cell-types contain and surrogate for genetic, metabolic and environmental information, that has affected their function. The algorithm performs because functions of some or all the affected cell-types benefit from several available drugs: clemastine, dantrolene, erythropoietin, fingolimod, fluoxetine, lithium, memantine, minocycline, pioglitazone, piracetam, and riluzole PROCEDURES/FINDINGS: Bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and post-traumatic stress disorder, illustrate the algorithm; for them, literature reviews show that no single combination of altered cell-types accounts for all cases; but they identify, for each condition, which combination occurs most frequently, i.e., dominates, as compared with other possible combinations. Knowing the dominant combination of altered cell-types in a particular condition, permits formulation of therapy with combinations of drugs taken from the above list. The percentage of patients who might benefit from that therapy, depends upon the frequency with which the dominant combination occurs in patients with that particular condition. CONCLUSIONS Knowing the dominant combination of changed cell types in psychiatric conditions, permits an algorithmically formulated, rationally-based treatment. Different studies of the same condition often produce discrepant results; all might be correct, because identical clinical phenotypes result from different combinations of impaired cell-types, thus producing different results. Clinical trials would validate both the proposed concept and choice of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Fessel
- Department of Medicine, University of California, 2069 Filbert Street, San Francisco, CA, 94123, USA.
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12
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Farmani AR, Salmeh MA, Golkar Z, Moeinzadeh A, Ghiasi FF, Amirabad SZ, Shoormeij MH, Mahdavinezhad F, Momeni S, Moradbeygi F, Ai J, Hardy JG, Mostafaei A. Li-Doped Bioactive Ceramics: Promising Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:162. [PMID: 36278631 PMCID: PMC9589997 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Lithium (Li) is a metal with critical therapeutic properties ranging from the treatment of bipolar depression to antibacterial, anticancer, antiviral and pro-regenerative effects. This element can be incorporated into the structure of various biomaterials through the inclusion of Li chloride/carbonate into polymeric matrices or being doped in bioceramics. The biocompatibility and multifunctionality of Li-doped bioceramics present many opportunities for biomedical researchers and clinicians. Li-doped bioceramics (capable of immunomodulation) have been used extensively for bone and tooth regeneration, and they have great potential for cartilage/nerve regeneration, osteochondral repair, and wound healing. The synergistic effect of Li in combination with other anticancer drugs as well as the anticancer properties of Li underline the rationale that bioceramics doped with Li may be impactful in cancer treatments. The role of Li in autophagy may explain its impact in regenerative, antiviral, and anticancer research. The combination of Li-doped bioceramics with polymers can provide new biomaterials with suitable flexibility, especially as bio-ink used in 3D printing for clinical applications of tissue engineering. Such Li-doped biomaterials have significant clinical potential in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Reza Farmani
- Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Tissue Engineering Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa 74615-168, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Salmeh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6619, Iran
| | - Zahra Golkar
- Department of Midwifery, Firoozabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozabad 74715-117, Iran
| | - Alaa Moeinzadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Farid Ghiasi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Sara Zamani Amirabad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74934, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Shoormeij
- Emergency Medicine Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
| | - Forough Mahdavinezhad
- Anatomy Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
- Department of Infertility, Velayat Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 34199-15315, Iran
| | - Simin Momeni
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz 83151-61355, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradbeygi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences Department, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
| | - John G. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, Faraday Building, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK
- Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Amir Mostafaei
- Department of Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 10 W 32nd Street, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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13
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Scalp Electroacupuncture Promotes Angiogenesis after Stroke in Rats by Activation of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signal Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1649605. [PMID: 35321503 PMCID: PMC8938052 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1649605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Scalp acupuncture is a contemporary acupuncture method based on the fundamental theories of traditional acupuncture, which has been widely used in patients with stroke in China. However, the effectiveness is controversial due to lack of solid experimental evidence. Methods In this study, a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) was established by the middle cerebral artery occlusion/recirculation. The efficacy of scalp acupuncture against CIRI was evaluated by the mNSS scores, TTC staining for brain slices, and laser Doppler perfusion imaging. Immunohistochemical staining for angiogenetic factors indicated the vascularization after CIRI, including VEGF, Ang2, and bFGF. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and p-GSK3β (ser9)/VEGF pathway in the injured brain tissues was assessed by western blotting and qRT-PCR. Results On the 7, 14, and 21 days after CIRI, scalp acupuncture could reduce the mNSS scores, decrease the cerebral infarction area, and accelerate the recirculation of ischemic brain tissues. VEGF, FLK1, bFGF, and Ang2 were upregulated on both the mRNA and protein levels in the ischemic brain tissues of the AC group, suggesting that the recirculation might result from angiogenesis, which was also confirmed with the IHC staining in the angiogenetic markers of VEGF, Ang2, and bFGF. Moreover, Wnt3a, β-catenin, and cyclin D1 were also upregulated on both the mRNA and protein levels in the ischemic brain tissues of the AC group on day 7, 14, and 21, indicating that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was activated after the treatment of scalp acupuncture. In contrast, dikkoppf-1 (DKK1) pretreatment, a specific inhibitor for the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, inactivated the Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathway and exacerbated the infarct size induced by the cerebral IR injury on day 7. Conclusion Together, our findings demonstrated a mechanism whereby scalp acupuncture led to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, promoting angiogenetic factor expression and restoring blood perfusion in the ischemic zone.
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14
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Yang B, Liu D, Ren YQ, Sun YQ, Zhang JP, Wang XG, Wu YQ, Wang SL, Guo SH, Guo G. FRAT1 promotes the angiogenic properties of human glioblastoma cells via VEGFA. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:95. [PMID: 35059733 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a common central nervous system tumor and despite considerable advancements in treatment patient prognosis remains poor. Angiogenesis is a significant prognostic factor in glioblastoma, anti‑angiogenic treatments represent a promising therapeutic approach. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) is a predominant regulator of angiogenesis and mounting evidence suggests that the Wnt signaling pathway serves a significant role in tumor angiogenesis. As a positive regulator of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, frequently rearranged in advanced T‑cell lymphomas‑1 (FRAT1) is highly expressed in human glioblastoma and is significantly associated with glioblastoma growth, invasion and migration, as well as poor patient prognosis. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that both VEGFA and FRAT1 were highly expressed in most tumor tissues and associated with prognosis. However, whether and how FRAT1 is involved in angiogenesis remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the relationship between FRAT1 and VEGFA in angiogenesis was investigated using the human glioblastoma U251 cell line. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to silence FRAT1 expression in U251 cells, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGFA, as well as the concentration of VEGFA in U251 cell supernatants, were determined using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting and ELISA. A tube formation assay was conducted to assess angiogenesis. The results demonstrated that siRNA knockdown significantly decreased the protein expression levels of FRAT1 in U251 cells and markedly decreased the mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGFA. Furthermore, the concentration of VEGFA in the cell supernatant was significantly reduced and angiogenesis was suppressed. These results suggested that FRAT1 may promote VEGFA secretion and angiogenesis in human glioblastoma cells via the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, supporting the potential use of FRAT1 as a promising therapeutic target in human glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Ye-Qing Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Qi Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Liuzhou People's Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545006, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Gang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Le Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Hao Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Geng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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15
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Chen Z, Gao M, Su Y, Liu P, Sun B. Running Promotes Transformation of Brain Astrocytes Into Neuroprotective Reactive Astrocytes and Synaptic Formation by Targeting Gpc6 Through the STAT3 Pathway. Front Physiol 2021; 12:633618. [PMID: 34122124 PMCID: PMC8189178 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.633618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is caused by cerebral ischemia upon the blockage of an artery, which results in a high disability rate. Little is known regarding the mechanism of astrocyte function in cerebral ischemia. We aimed to determine the effects of running on the transformation of astrocytes, and subsequent synapse formation. A study of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) after running in vivo showed that running can promote the transformation of astrocytes toward the neuroprotective phenotype. Our findings of oxygen-glucose deprived astrocytes in vitro after running revealed that these astrocytes transformed into the neuroprotective phenotype, and that the expression of STAT3 and Gpc6 was increased. We confirmed that mechanistically, running can target Gpc6 through the STAT3 pathway and then regulate the number of synapses. We concluded that running promotes synapse proliferation by polarizing astrocytes toward the neuroprotective phenotype and ultimately leads to nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Gao
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlin Su
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengran Liu
- Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Binlei Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, China
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16
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Rocha NKR, Themoteo R, Brentani H, Forlenza OV, De Paula VDJR. Neuronal-Glial Interaction in a Triple-Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease: Gene Ontology and Lithium Pathways. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:579984. [PMID: 33335468 PMCID: PMC7737403 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.579984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal-glial interactions are critical for brain homeostasis, and disruption of this process may lead to excessive glial activation and inadequate pro-inflammatory responses. Abnormalities in neuronal-glial interactions have been reported in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where lithium has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects, including the up-regulation of cytoprotective proteins. In the present study, we characterize by Gene Ontology (GO) the signaling pathways related to neuronal-glial interactions in response to lithium in a triple-transgenic mouse model of AD (3×-TgAD). Mice were treated for 8 months with lithium carbonate (Li) supplemented to chow, using two dose ranges to yield subtherapeutic working concentrations (Li1, 1.0 g/kg; and Li2, 2.0 g/kg of chow), or with standard chow (Li0). The hippocampi were removed and analyzed by proteomics. A neuronal-glial interaction network was created by a systematic literature search, and the selected genes were submitted to STRING, a functional network to analyze protein interactions. Proteomics data and neuronal-glial interactomes were compared by GO using ClueGo (Cytoscape plugin) with p ≤ 0.05. The proportional effects of neuron-glia interactions were determined on three GO domains: (i) biological process; (ii) cellular component; and (iii) molecular function. The gene ontology of this enriched network of genes was further stratified according to lithium treatments, with statistically significant effects observed in the Li2 group (as compared to controls) for the GO domains biological process and cellular component. In the former, there was an even distribution of the interactions occurring at the following functions: “positive regulation of protein localization to membrane,” “regulation of protein localization to cell periphery,” “oligodendrocyte differentiation,” and “regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane.” In cellular component, interactions were also balanced for “myelin sheath” and “rough endoplasmic reticulum.” We conclude that neuronal-glial interactions are implicated in the neuroprotective response mediated by lithium in the hippocampus of AD-transgenic mice. The effect of lithium on homeostatic pathways mediated by the interaction between neurons and glial cells are implicated in membrane permeability, protein synthesis and DNA repair, which may be relevant for the survival of nerve cells amidst AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kemberly R Rocha
- Laboratório de Psicobiologia (LIM23), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Themoteo
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena Brentani
- Laboratório de Psicobiologia (LIM23), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Orestes V Forlenza
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa De Jesus Rodrigues De Paula
- Laboratório de Psicobiologia (LIM23), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratorio de Neurociencias (LIM27), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Kargozar S, Baino F, Hamzehlou S, Hamblin MR, Mozafari M. Nanotechnology for angiogenesis: opportunities and challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:5008-5057. [PMID: 32538379 PMCID: PMC7418030 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs01021h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays a critical role within the human body, from the early stages of life (i.e., embryonic development) to life-threatening diseases (e.g., cancer, heart attack, stroke, wound healing). Many pharmaceutical companies have expended huge efforts on both stimulation and inhibition of angiogenesis. During the last decade, the nanotechnology revolution has made a great impact in medicine, and regulatory approvals are starting to be achieved for nanomedicines to treat a wide range of diseases. Angiogenesis therapies involve the inhibition of angiogenesis in oncology and ophthalmology, and stimulation of angiogenesis in wound healing and tissue engineering. This review aims to summarize nanotechnology-based strategies that have been explored in the broad area of angiogenesis. Lipid-based, carbon-based and polymeric nanoparticles, and a wide range of inorganic and metallic nanoparticles are covered in detail. Theranostic and imaging approaches can be facilitated by nanoparticles. Many preparations have been reported to have a bimodal effect where they stimulate angiogenesis at low dose and inhibit it at higher doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 917794-8564 Mashhad, Iran
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 101 29 Torino, Italy
| | - Sepideh Hamzehlou
- Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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18
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Verma YK, Verma R, Singh AK, Gangenahalli G. LiCl Containing Thermosensitive Formulation Improves Hemostasis, Wound Healing, and Hair Regrowth. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-020-00148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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19
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Fessel J. Prevention of Alzheimer's disease by treating mild cognitive impairment with combinations chosen from eight available drugs. ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2019; 5:780-788. [PMID: 31763432 PMCID: PMC6861553 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2019.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Several hundred clinical trials of initially promising drugs have failed to produce meaningful clinical improvement of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is probably because there are at least 25 biochemical pathways known to be aberrant that underpin the disease, and unless there is a single drug that addresses all or most of them, even promising drugs if given alone are unlikely to succeed. Because so many pathways are potentially at fault, it is quite possible that no treatment might succeed. However, because amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) often precedes AD and, assuming that those with aMCI who progress to AD commence with insufficient risk factors for AD but accrue them later, then it is likely that fewer pathways need addressing in aMCI than in AD to either prevent progression of aMCI to AD or effect its reversion. Published reports show that eight drugs, that is, dantrolene, erythropoietin, lithium, memantine, minocycline, piracetam, riluzole, and silymarin, address many of the pathways underlying MCI and AD. Among those eight drugs, combinations between either two or three of them have combined nonoverlapping actions that benefit enough of the approximately 25 pathways at fault so that their convergent efficacy has the potential to prevent aMCI from progressing to AD. The combinations should be subjected to a clinical trial in persons with aMCI to establish their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Fessel
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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20
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Wnt-GSK3 β/ β-Catenin Regulates the Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Bladder Smooth Muscle Cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8907570. [PMID: 30809265 PMCID: PMC6369468 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8907570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle cell- (SMC-) based tissue engineering provides a promising therapeutic strategy for SMC-related disorders. It has been demonstrated that human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) possess the potential to differentiate into mature bladder SMCs by induction with condition medium (CM) from bladder SMC culture, in combination with the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). However, the molecular mechanism of SMC differentiation from DPSCs has not been fully uncovered. The canonical Wnt signaling (also known as Wnt/β-catenin) pathway plays an essential role in stem cell fate decision. The aim of this study is to explore the regulation via GSK3β and associated downstream effectors for SMC differentiation from DPSCs. We characterized one of our DPSC clones with the best proliferation and differentiation abilities. This stem cell clone has shown the capacity to generate a smooth muscle layer-like phenotype after an extended differentiation duration using the SMC induction protocol we established before. We further found that Wnt-GSK3β/β-catenin signaling is involved in the process of SMC differentiation from DPSCs, as well as a serial of growth factors, including TGF-β1, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), platelet-derived growth factor-homodimer polypeptide of B chain (BB) (PDGF-BB), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Pharmacological inhibition on the canonical Wnt-GSK3β/β-catenin pathway significantly downregulated GSK3β phosphorylation and β-catenin activation, which in consequence reduced the augmented expression of the growth factors (including TGF-β1, HGF, PDGF-BB, and VEGF) as well as SMC markers (especially myosin) at a late stage of SMC differentiation. These results suggest that the canonical Wnt-GSK3β/β-catenin pathway contributes to DPSC differentiation into mature SMCs through the coordination of different growth factors.
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21
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Marathe SV, D'almeida PL, Virmani G, Bathini P, Alberi L. Effects of Monoamines and Antidepressants on Astrocyte Physiology: Implications for Monoamine Hypothesis of Depression. J Exp Neurosci 2018; 12:1179069518789149. [PMID: 30046253 PMCID: PMC6056786 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518789149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric
disorders affecting over one-fifth of the population worldwide. Owing to our
limited understanding of the pathophysiology of MDD, the quest for finding novel
antidepressant drug targets is severely impeded. Monoamine hypothesis of MDD
provides a robust theoretical framework, forming the core of a large jigsaw
puzzle, around which we must look for the vital missing pieces. Growing evidence
suggests that the glial loss observed in key regions of the limbic system in
depressed patients, at least partly, accounts for the structural and cognitive
manifestations of MDD. Studies in animal models have subsequently hinted at the
possibility that the glial atrophy may play a causative role in the
precipitation of depressive symptoms. Antidepressants as well as monoamine
neurotransmitters exert profound effects on the gene expression and metabolism
in astrocytes. This raises an intriguing possibility that the astrocytes may
play a central role alongside neurons in the behavioral effects of
antidepressant drugs. In this article, we discuss the gene expression and
metabolic changes brought about by antidepressants in astrocytes, which could be
of relevance to synaptic plasticity and behavioral effects of antidepressant
treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Garima Virmani
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Praveen Bathini
- Department of Medicine University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Swiss Integrative Center for Human Health SA (SICHH), Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lavinia Alberi
- Department of Medicine University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Swiss Integrative Center for Human Health SA (SICHH), Fribourg, Switzerland
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22
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Pronin AV, Gogoleva IV, Torshin IY, Gromovа OA. [Neurotrophic effects of lithium stimulate the reduction of ischemic and neurodegenerative brain damage]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 116:99-108. [PMID: 27166488 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20161162199-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For over 60 years, high doses of lithium (hundreds of milligrams of elemental lithium) have being used to treat bipolar disorder. However, only during the past 20 years the relevant basic and clinical studies have shown that neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of lithium are possible in much smaller doses ( hundreds of micrograms of elemental lithium). These data indicate a significant potential for the clinical applications of lithium-based drugs in modern neurology for the purposes of prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative and ischemic pathologies. Pharmacological and molecular biology studies indicated that the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-syntentase-3 (GSK-3) and induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factors are the main mechanisms of neurotropic actions of lithium. Also, by inhibiting the NMDA receptors, lithium regulates the calcium homeostasis and inhibits the activation of calcium-dependent apotosis. These and other molecular mechanisms of lithium action protect neurons from ischemia and neurodegeneration thus contributing to a significant reduction of neurological deficit in various models of stroke and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Pronin
- Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Satellite Center, Trace Elements Institute for UNESCO, Moscow
| | - I V Gogoleva
- Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Satellite Center, Trace Elements Institute for UNESCO, Moscow
| | - I Yu Torshin
- Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Satellite Center, Trace Elements Institute for UNESCO, Moscow
| | - O A Gromovа
- Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Ivanovo, Russian Satellite Center, Trace Elements Institute for UNESCO, Moscow
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23
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Study on the Mg-Li-Zn ternary alloy system with improved mechanical properties, good degradation performance and different responses to cells. Acta Biomater 2017; 62:418-433. [PMID: 28823717 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Novel Mg-(3.5, 6.5wt%)Li-(0.5, 2, 4wt%)Zn ternary alloys were developed as new kinds of biodegradable metallic materials with potential for stent application. Their mechanical properties, degradation behavior, cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility were studied. These potential biomaterials showed higher ultimate tensile strength than previously reported binary Mg-Li alloys and ternary Mg-Li-X (X=Al, Y, Ce, Sc, Mn and Ag) alloys. Among the alloys studied, the Mg-3.5Li-2Zn and Mg-6.5Li-2Zn alloys exhibited comparable corrosion resistance in Hank's solution to pure magnesium and better corrosion resistance in a cell culture medium than pure magnesium. Corrosion products observed on the corroded surface were composed of Mg(OH)2, MgCO3 and Ca-free Mg/P inorganics and Ca/P inorganics. In vitro cytotoxicity assay revealed different behaviors of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) and Human Aorta Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (VSMCs) to material extracts. HUVECs showed increasing nitric oxide (NO) release and tolerable toxicity, whereas VSMCs exhibited limited decreasing viability with time. Platelet adhesion, hemolysis and coagulation tests of these Mg-Li-Zn alloys showed different degrees of activation behavior, in which the hemolysis of the Mg-3.5Li-2Zn alloy was lower than 5%. These results indicated the potential of the Mg-Li-Zn alloys as good candidate materials for cardiovascular stent applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Mg-Li alloys are promising as absorbable metallic biomaterials, which however have not received significant attention since the low strength, controversial corrosion performance and the doubts in Li toxicity. The Mg-Li-Zn alloy in the present study revealed much improved mechanical properties higher than most reported binary Mg-Li and ternary Mg-Li-X alloys, with superior corrosion resistance in cell culture media. Surprisingly, the addition of Li and Zn showed increased nitric oxide release. The present study indicates good potential of Mg-Li-Zn alloy as absorbable cardiovascular stent material.
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24
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Soleimani M, Ghasemi N. Lithium Chloride can Induce Differentiation of Human Immortalized RenVm Cells into Dopaminergic Neurons. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2017; 9:176-180. [PMID: 29090066 PMCID: PMC5650734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell-based therapy is a novel strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The transplantation of fully differentiated cells instead of stem cells in order to decrease serious adverse complications of stem cell therapy is a new idea. In this study, the effect of lithium chloride on dopaminergic differentiation of human immortalized RenVm cells was investigated in order to access a population of fully differentiated cells for transplantation in Parkinson disease. METHODS The immortalized RenVm cells were induced to dopaminergic differentiation using a neurobasal medium supplemented with N2 and different concentrations (1, 3, 6 mM) of Lithium Chloride (LiCl) for 4, 8 and 12 days. The efficiency of dopaminergic differentiation was evaluated using immunocytochemistry and western blot techniques for tyrosine hydroxylase and β-catenin marker expression. RESULTS Our results indicated that LiCl can promote dopaminergic differentiation of RenVm cells in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that LiCl is able to facilitate dopaminergic differentiation of cultured cells by affecting Wnt-frizzled signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Soleimani
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nazem Ghasemi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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25
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Zhang J, Zhang J, Qi C, Yang P, Chen X, Liu Y. Activation of Wnt3α/β-catenin signal pathway attenuates apoptosis of the cerebral microvascular endothelial cells induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:71-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Haro Durand LA, Vargas GE, Vera-Mesones R, Baldi A, Zago MP, Fanovich MA, Boccaccini AR, Gorustovich A. In Vitro Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells Response to Ionic Dissolution Products from Lithium-Containing 45S5 Bioactive Glass. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 10:E740. [PMID: 28773103 PMCID: PMC5551783 DOI: 10.3390/ma10070740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Since lithium (Li⁺) plays roles in angiogenesis, the localized and controlled release of Li⁺ ions from bioactive glasses (BGs) represents a promising alternative therapy for the regeneration and repair of tissues with a high degree of vascularization. Here, microparticles from a base 45S5 BG composition containing (wt %) 45% SiO₂, 24.5% Na₂O, 24.5% CaO, and 6% P₂O₅, in which Na₂O was partially substituted by 5% Li₂O (45S5.5Li), were obtained. The results demonstrate that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) have greater migratory and proliferative response and ability to form tubules in vitro after stimulation with the ionic dissolution products (IDPs) of the 45S5.5Li BG. The results also show the activation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the increase in expression of proangiogenic cytokines insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ). We conclude that the IDPs of 45S5.5Li BG would act as useful inorganic agents to improve tissue repair and regeneration, ultimately stimulating HUVECs behavior in the absence of exogenous growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Haro Durand
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pharmacology, IByME-CONICET, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gabriela E Vargas
- Department of Developmental Biology, National University of Salta, A4408FVY Salta, Argentina.
| | - Rosa Vera-Mesones
- Department of Developmental Biology, National University of Salta, A4408FVY Salta, Argentina.
| | - Alberto Baldi
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pharmacology, IByME-CONICET, C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María P Zago
- Institute of Experimental Pathology, IPE-CONICET, A4408FVY Salta, Argentina.
| | - María A Fanovich
- Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology, INTEMA-CONICET, B7608FDQ Mar del Plata, Argentina.
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Alejandro Gorustovich
- Interdisciplinary Materials Group-IESIING-UCASAL, INTECIN UBA-CONICET, A4400EDD Salta, Argentina.
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Wang Q, Jie W, Liu JH, Yang JM, Gao TM. An astroglial basis of major depressive disorder? An overview. Glia 2017; 65:1227-1250. [DOI: 10.1002/glia.23143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurobiology, Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Wei Jie
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurobiology, Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurobiology, Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Jian-Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurobiology, Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
| | - Tian-Ming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Key Laboratory of Psychiatric Disorders of Guangdong Province, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Department of Neurobiology, Southern Medical University; Guangzhou 510515 China
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28
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Flores-Ramos M, Leff P, Fernández-Guasti A, Becerra Palars C. Is it important to consider the sex of the patient when using lithium or valproate to treat the bipolar disorder? Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 152:105-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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29
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Yu Z, Fan L, Li J, Ge Z, Dang X, Wang K. Lithium prevents rat steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head by β-catenin activation. Endocrine 2016; 52:380-90. [PMID: 26458922 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0747-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the use of lithium to prevent rat steroid-related osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) through the modulation of the β-catenin pathway. ONFH was induced by methylprednisolone combined with lipopolysaccharide, and serum lipids were analyzed. ONFH was detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Micro-CT-based angiography and bone scanning were performed to analyze vessels and bone structure, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was analyzed. Protein levels of phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3β at Tyr-216 (p-Tyr(216) GSK-3β), total glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and β-catenin, as well as mRNA levels of GSK-3β and β-catenin in femoral heads, were assessed. The rate of empty bone lacunae in the femoral heads was lower in the lithium and control groups than in the model group. The lithium group showed preventive effects against steroid-related vessel loss by micro-CT-based angiography and VEGF staining. Lithium treatment improved hyperlipidemia and reduced PPARγ expression. Moreover, lithium improved steroid-related bone loss in micro-CT bone scans and BMP-2 staining analyses. Furthermore, local β-catenin was reduced in steroid-related ONFH, and lithium treatment increased β-catenin expression while reducing p-Tyr(216) GSK-3β levels. The local β-catenin pathway was inhibited during steroid-related ONFH. Lithium may enhance angiogenesis and stabilize osteogenic/adipogenic homeostasis during steroid-related ONFH in rats by activating the β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaogang Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Dang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunzheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Astrocytes are homeostatic cells of the central nervous system, which are critical for development and maintenance of synaptic transmission and hence of synaptically connected neuronal ensembles. Astrocytic densities are reduced in bipolar disorder, and therefore deficient astroglial function may contribute to overall disbalance in neurotransmission and to pathological evolution. Classical anti-bipolar drugs (lithium salts, valproic acid and carbamazepine) affect expression of astroglial genes and modify astroglial signalling and homeostatic cascades. Many effects of both antidepressant and anti-bipolar drugs are exerted through regulation of glutamate homeostasis and glutamatergic transmission, through K(+) buffering, through regulation of calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 (that controls metabolism of arachidonic acid) or through Ca(2+) homeostatic and signalling pathways. Sometimes anti-depressant and anti-bipolar drugs exert opposite effects, and some effects on gene expression in drug treated animals are opposite in neurones vs. astrocytes. Changes in the intracellular pH induced by anti-bipolar drugs affect uptake of myo-inositol and thereby signalling via inositoltrisphosphate (InsP3), this being in accord with one of the main theories of mechanism of action for these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Peng
- a Laboratory of Metabolic Brain Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development , China Medical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
| | - Baoman Li
- a Laboratory of Metabolic Brain Diseases, Institute of Metabolic Disease Research and Drug Development , China Medical University , Shenyang , P. R. China
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- b Faculty of Life Science , The University of Manchester , Manchester , UK.,c Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE , Basque Foundation for Science , Bilbao , Spain.,d Department of Neurosciences , University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU and CIBERNED , Leioa , Spain.,e University of Nizhny Novgorod , Nizhny Novgorod , Russia
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Dell'Osso L, Del Grande C, Gesi C, Carmassi C, Musetti L. A new look at an old drug: neuroprotective effects and therapeutic potentials of lithium salts. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2016; 12:1687-703. [PMID: 27468233 PMCID: PMC4946830 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s106479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence highlights bipolar disorder as being associated with impaired neurogenesis, cellular plasticity, and resiliency, as well as with cell atrophy or loss in specific brain regions. This has led most recent research to focus on the possible neuroprotective effects of medications, and particularly interesting findings have emerged for lithium. A growing body of evidence from preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies has in fact documented its neuroprotective effects from different insults acting on cellular signaling pathways, both preventing apoptosis and increasing neurotrophins and cell-survival molecules. Furthermore, positive effects of lithium on neurogenesis, brain remodeling, angiogenesis, mesenchymal stem cells functioning, and inflammation have been revealed, with a key role played through the inhibition of the glycogen synthase kinase-3, a serine/threonine kinase implicated in the pathogenesis of many neuropsychiatric disorders. These recent evidences suggest the potential utility of lithium in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, neurodevelopmental disorders, and hypoxic-ischemic/traumatic brain injury, with positive results at even lower lithium doses than those traditionally considered to be antimanic. The aim of this review is to briefly summarize the potential benefits of lithium salts on neuroprotection and neuroregeneration, emphasizing preclinical and clinical evidence suggesting new therapeutic potentials of this drug beyond its mood stabilizing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Dell'Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Del Grande
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Camilla Gesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Musetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Long-Term Lithium Treatment Increases cPLA₂ and iPLA₂ Activity in Cultured Cortical and Hippocampal Neurons. Molecules 2015; 20:19878-85. [PMID: 26556322 PMCID: PMC6332452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Experimental evidence supports the neuroprotective properties of lithium, with implications for the treatment and prevention of dementia and other neurodegenerative disorders. Lithium modulates critical intracellular pathways related to neurotrophic support, inflammatory response, autophagy and apoptosis. There is additional evidence indicating that lithium may also affect membrane homeostasis. Objective: To investigate the effect of lithium on cytosolic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, a key player on membrane phospholipid turnover which has been found to be reduced in blood and brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Primary cultures of cortical and hippocampal neurons were treated for 7 days with different concentrations of lithium chloride (0.02 mM, 0.2 mM and 2 mM). A radio-enzymatic assay was used to determine the total activity of PLA2 and two PLA2 subtypes: cytosolic calcium-dependent (cPLA2); and calcium-independent (iPLA2). Results: cPLA2 activity increased by 82% (0.02 mM; p = 0.05) and 26% (0.2 mM; p = 0.04) in cortical neurons and by 61% (0.2 mM; p = 0.03) and 57% (2 mM; p = 0.04) in hippocampal neurons. iPLA2 activity was increased by 7% (0.2 mM; p = 0.04) and 13% (2 mM; p = 0.05) in cortical neurons and by 141% (0.02 mM; p = 0.0198) in hippocampal neurons. Conclusion: long-term lithium treatment increases membrane phospholipid metabolism in neurons through the activation of total, c- and iPLA2. This effect is more prominent at sub-therapeutic concentrations of lithium, and the activation of distinct cytosolic PLA2 subtypes is tissue specific, i.e., iPLA2 in hippocampal neurons, and cPLA2 in cortical neurons. Because PLA2 activities are reported to be reduced in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and bipolar disorder (BD), the present findings provide a possible mechanism by which long-term lithium treatment may be useful in the prevention of the disease.
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Lan CC, Liu CC, Lin CH, Lan TY, McInnis MG, Chan CH, Lan TH. A reduced risk of stroke with lithium exposure in bipolar disorder: a population-based retrospective cohort study. Bipolar Disord 2015; 17:705-14. [PMID: 26394555 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The risk of stroke is increased in patients with bipolar disorder. Lithium exhibits neuroprotective effects but the association between lithium use and the risk of stroke is unknown. METHODS A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted by utilizing the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Subjects who had first been diagnosed with bipolar disorder between 2001 and 2006 were identified. A propensity score (PS) for receiving lithium was calculated with variables of age, gender, and comorbidities. The patients with bipolar disorder receiving lithium within the period from diagnosis through to December 2011 were designated as the lithium group (n = 635). A 1:2 ratio was used to select PS-matched subjects with bipolar disorder without lithium use (n = 1,250). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to explore the association, rather than causal inference, of lithium exposure and the risk of stroke. RESULTS Of the 1,885 subjects, 86 (4.6%) experienced stroke, including 2.8% of the lithium group and 5.4% of the non-lithium group. Lithium use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of stroke [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22-0.68]. Reduced risks of stroke were also associated with the highest cumulative lithium dose [≥720 defined daily dose (DDD), HR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10-0.59], the longest cumulative exposure period (≥720 days, HR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.06-0.64), and the highest exposure rate (≥2 DDD/day, HR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21-0.70). CONCLUSIONS Lithium use was significantly related to a reduced risk of stroke in patients with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chia Lan
- Division of Psychiatry, Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chien Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University Hospital, Yilan, Taiwan.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Heng Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzuo-Yun Lan
- Institute of Hospital Management, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Melvin G McInnis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chin-Hong Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsuo-Hung Lan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Saghiri MA, Orangi J, Asatourian A, Sorenson CM, Sheibani N. Functional role of inorganic trace elements in angiogenesis part III: (Ti, Li, Ce, As, Hg, Va, Nb and Pb). Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 98:290-301. [PMID: 26638864 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Many essential elements exist in nature with significant influence on human health. Angiogenesis is vital in developmental, repair, and regenerative processes, and its aberrant regulation contributes to pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer. Thus, it is of great importance to explore the role of these elements in such a vital process. This is third in a series of reviews that serve as an overview of the role of inorganic elements in regulation of angiogenesis and vascular function. Here we will review the roles of titanium, lithium, cerium, arsenic, mercury, vanadium, niobium, and lead in these processes. The roles of other inorganic elements in angiogenesis were discussed in part I (N, Fe, Se, P, Au, and Ca) and part II (Cr, Si, Zn, Cu, and S) of these series. The methods of exposure, structure, mechanisms, and potential activities of these elements are briefly discussed. An electronic search was performed on the role of these elements in angiogenesis from January 2005 to April 2014. These elements can promote and/or inhibit angiogenesis through different mechanisms. The anti-angiogenic effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles comes from the inhibition of angiogenic processes, and not from its toxicity. Lithium affects vasculogenesis but not angiogenesis. Nanoceria treatment inhibited tumor growth by inhibiting angiogenesis. Vanadium treatment inhibited cell proliferation and induced cytotoxic effects through interactions with DNA. The negative impact of mercury on endothelial cell migration and tube formation activities was dose and time dependent. Lead induced IL-8 production, which is known to promote tumor angiogenesis. Thus, understanding the impact of these elements on angiogenesis will help in development of new modalities to modulate angiogenesis under various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Saghiri
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Angiogenesis and Regenerative Group, Dr. H. Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Jafar Orangi
- Angiogenesis and Regenerative Group, Dr. H. Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Armen Asatourian
- Angiogenesis and Regenerative Group, Dr. H. Afsar Lajevardi Research Cluster, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Christine M Sorenson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
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Wang X, Zhu S, Jiang X, Li Y, Song D, Hu J. Systemic administration of lithium improves distracted bone regeneration in rats. Calcif Tissue Int 2015; 96:534-40. [PMID: 25903228 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-0004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Lithium, popular in psychology field, has been recognized as an activator component of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The effect of lithium on osteogenesis or on the human fracture risk has been widely reported. However, little is known on its role in distraction osteogenesis to date. In this study, the effect of systematic administrated lithium on distraction osteogenesis in a rat model was investigated. The osteotomy was performed on the right tibia in 40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Then they were randomly assigned into two equal groups (n = 20/group), which underwent Lithium or saline treatment through gastric gavage until the day they were killed. One week after the osteotomy, the tibias were distracted for 14 days (rate 0.6 mm/day). Following 8 weeks consolidation period, the distracted tibias in both groups were harvested and examined by X-ray plain radiography, histology, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, Micro-CT, and biomechanical tests. The results showed that lithium group possessed higher bone mineral density, more mature new bone tissue, and better regenerated bone mass continuity in the distraction gaps without any local or systemic adverse effects was encountered. This study suggested lithium could increase bony callus ossification volume and accelerate distracted tissue mineralization to facilitate bone regeneration in distraction gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Soliman S, Ishrat T, Fouda AY, Patel A, Pillai B, Fagan SC. Sequential Therapy with Minocycline and Candesartan Improves Long-Term Recovery After Experimental Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2015; 6:309-22. [PMID: 26004281 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-015-0408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Minocycline and candesartan have both shown promise as candidate therapeutics in ischemic stroke, with multiple, and somewhat contrasting, molecular mechanisms. Minocycline is an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic agent and a known inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Yet, minocycline exerts antiangiogenic effects both in vivo and in vitro. Candesartan promotes angiogenesis and activates MMPs. Aligning these therapies with the dynamic processes of injury and repair after ischemia is likely to improve success of treatment. In this study, we hypothesize that opposing actions of minocycline and candesartan on angiogenesis, when administered simultaneously, will reduce the benefit of candesartan treatment. Therefore, we propose a sequential combination treatment regimen to yield a better outcome and preserve the proangiogenic potential of candesartan. In vitro angiogenesis was assessed using human brain endothelial cells. In vivo, Wistar rats subjected to 90-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were randomized into four groups: saline, candesartan, minocycline, and sequential combination of minocycline and candesartan. Neurobehavioral tests were performed 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after stroke. Brain tissue was collected on day 14 for assessment of infarct size and vascular density. Minocycline, when added simultaneously, decreased the proangiogenic effect of candesartan treatment in vitro. Sequential treatment, however, preserved the proangiogenic potential of candesartan both in vivo and in vitro, improved neurobehavioral outcome, and reduced infarct size. Sequential combination therapy with minocycline and candesartan improves long-term recovery and maintains candesartan's proangiogenic potential.
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Qi W, Yang C, Dai Z, Che D, Feng J, Mao Y, Cheng R, Wang Z, He X, Zhou T, Gu X, Yan L, Yang X, Ma JX, Gao G. High levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor in diabetes impair wound healing through suppression of Wnt signaling. Diabetes 2015; 64:1407-19. [PMID: 25368097 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) caused by impaired wound healing is a common vascular complication of diabetes. The current study revealed that plasma levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) were elevated in type 2 diabetic patients with DFU and in db/db mice. To test whether elevated PEDF levels contribute to skin wound-healing delay in diabetes, endogenous PEDF was neutralized with an anti-PEDF antibody in db/db mice. Our results showed that neutralization of PEDF accelerated wound healing, increased angiogenesis in the wound skin, and improved the functions and numbers of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the diabetic mice. Further, PEDF-deficient mice showed higher baseline blood flow in the skin, higher density of cutaneous microvessels, increased skin thickness, improved numbers and functions of circulating EPCs, and accelerated wound healing compared with wild-type mice. Overexpression of PEDF suppressed the Wnt signaling pathway in the wound skin. Lithium chloride-induced Wnt signaling activation downstream of the PEDF interaction site attenuated the inhibitory effect of PEDF on EPCs and rescued the wound-healing deficiency in diabetic mice. Taken together, these results suggest that elevated circulating PEDF levels contribute to impaired wound healing in the process of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis through the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Chuan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Dai
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Che
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Zhongxiao Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Xuemin He
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiong Gu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China China Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules from Marine Microorganisms (Sun Yat-Sen University), Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Leeds PR, Yu F, Wang Z, Chiu CT, Zhang Y, Leng Y, Linares GR, Chuang DM. A new avenue for lithium: intervention in traumatic brain injury. ACS Chem Neurosci 2014; 5:422-33. [PMID: 24697257 DOI: 10.1021/cn500040g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and death from trauma to central nervous system (CNS) tissues. For patients who survive the initial injury, TBI can lead to neurodegeneration as well as cognitive and motor deficits, and is even a risk factor for the future development of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Preclinical studies of multiple neuropathological and neurodegenerative disorders have shown that lithium, which is primarily used to treat bipolar disorder, has considerable neuroprotective effects. Indeed, emerging evidence now suggests that lithium can also mitigate neurological deficits incurred from TBI. Lithium exerts neuroprotective effects and stimulates neurogenesis via multiple signaling pathways; it inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), upregulates neurotrophins and growth factors (e.g., brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)), modulates inflammatory molecules, upregulates neuroprotective factors (e.g., B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70)), and concomitantly downregulates pro-apoptotic factors. In various experimental TBI paradigms, lithium has been shown to reduce neuronal death, microglial activation, cyclooxygenase-2 induction, amyloid-β (Aβ), and hyperphosphorylated tau levels, to preserve blood-brain barrier integrity, to mitigate neurological deficits and psychiatric disturbance, and to improve learning and memory outcome. Given that lithium exerts multiple therapeutic effects across an array of CNS disorders, including promising results in preclinical models of TBI, additional clinical research is clearly warranted to determine its therapeutic attributes for combating TBI. Here, we review lithium's exciting potential in ameliorating physiological as well as cognitive deficits induced by TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R. Leeds
- Molecular
Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1363, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1363, United States
| | - Fengshan Yu
- Molecular
Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1363, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1363, United States
| | - Zhifei Wang
- Molecular
Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1363, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1363, United States
| | - Chi-Tso Chiu
- Molecular
Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1363, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1363, United States
| | | | - Yan Leng
- Molecular
Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1363, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1363, United States
| | - Gabriel R. Linares
- Molecular
Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1363, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1363, United States
| | - De-Maw Chuang
- Molecular
Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1363, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1363, United States
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The theory of bipolar disorder as an illness of accelerated aging: Implications for clinical care and research. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 42:157-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Zeilbeck LF, Müller B, Knobloch V, Tamm ER, Ohlmann A. Differential angiogenic properties of lithium chloride in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95546. [PMID: 24751879 PMCID: PMC3994089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling induced by the Norrin/Frizzled-4 pathway has been shown to improve capillary repair following oxygen induced retinopathy (OIR) in the mouse, a model for retinopathy of prematurity. Here we investigated if treatment with the monovalent cation lithium that has been shown to augment Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vitro and in vivo has similar effects. In cultured human microvascular endothelial cells, LiCl as well as SB 216763, another small molecule that activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling, induced proliferation, survival and migration, which are all common parameters for angiogenic properties in vitro. Moreover, treatment with both agents caused an increase in the levels of β-catenin and their translocation to nuclei while quercetin, an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, completely blocked the effects of LiCl on proliferation. In mice with OIR, intraperitonal or intravitreal treatment with LiCl markedly increased the retinal levels of β-catenin, but did not improve capillary repair. In contrast, repair was significantly improved following intravitreal treatment with Norrin. The effects of LiCl on HDMEC in vitro have minor relevance for OIR in vivo, and the influence of the Norrin/Frizzled-4 pathway on capillary repair in OIR is not reproducible upon enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling by LiCl treatment strongly indicating the presence of additional and essential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig F. Zeilbeck
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Müller
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Verena Knobloch
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ernst R. Tamm
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Ohlmann
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Fitzgerald RT, Fitzgerald CT, Samant RS, Kumar M, Ramakrishniah R, Van Hemert R, Angtuaco EJ. Lithium toxicity and PRES: a novel association. J Neuroimaging 2014; 25:147-9. [PMID: 24571251 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We report two cases of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) occurring in association with supra-therapeutic serum lithium levels. Although the neurologic manifestations of lithium toxicity are well known, this is, to our knowledge, the first report describing a link between lithium toxicity and PRES. We discuss the current understanding of the pathogenesis of PRES and suggest mechanisms by which lithium may play a role in its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan T Fitzgerald
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Division, Little Rock, AR
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Elevated circulation levels of an antiangiogenic SERPIN in patients with diabetic microvascular complications impair wound healing through suppression of Wnt signaling. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:1725-1734. [PMID: 24463424 PMCID: PMC4065799 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2014.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing, angiogenesis and hair follicle maintenance are often impaired in the skin of diabetic patients, but the pathogenesis has not been well understood. Here, we report that circulation levels of kallistatin, a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily with anti-angiogenic activities, were elevated in Type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic vascular complications. To test the hypothesis that elevated kallistatin levels could contribute to a wound healing deficiency via inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, we generated kallistatin-transgenic (KS-TG) mice. KS-TG mice had reduced cutaneous hair follicle density, microvascular density, and panniculus adiposus layer thickness as well as altered skin microvascular hemodynamics and delayed cutaneous wound healing. Using Wnt reporter mice, our results showed that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is suppressed in dermal endothelium and hair follicles in KS-TG mice. Lithium, a known activator of β-catenin via inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β, reversed the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by kallistatin and rescued the wound healing deficiency in KS-TG mice. These observations suggest that elevated circulating anti-angiogenic serpins in diabetic patients may contribute to impaired wound healing through inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, at a level downstream of Wnt receptors, may ameliorate the wound healing deficiency in diabetic patients.
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Lladó J, Tolosa L, Olmos G. Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective effects of VEGF on motoneurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2013; 7:181. [PMID: 24155688 PMCID: PMC3803143 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2013.00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), originally described as a factor with a regulatory role in vascular growth and development, it is also known for its direct effects on neuronal cells. The discovery in the past decade that transgenic mice expressing reduced levels of VEGF developed late-onset motoneuron pathology, reminiscent of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), opened a new field of research on this disease. VEGF has been shown to protect motoneurons from excitotoxic death, which is a relevant mechanism involved in motoneuron degeneration in ALS. Thus, VEGF delays motoneuron degeneration and increases survival in animal models of ALS. VEGF exerts its anti-excitotoxic effects on motoneurons through molecular mechanisms involving the VEGF receptor-2 resulting in the activation of the PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway, upregulation of GluR2 subunit of AMPA receptors, inhibition of p38MAPK, and induction of the anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2. In addition, VEGF acts on astrocytes to reduce astroglial activation and to induce the release of growth factors. The potential use of VEGF as a therapeutic tool in ALS is counteracted by its vascular effects and by its short effective time frame. More studies are needed to assess the optimal isoform, route of administration, and time frame for using VEGF in the treatment of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerònia Lladó
- Grup de Neurobiologia Celular, Departament de Biologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears Palma de Mallorca, Spain ; Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS), Universitat de les Illes Balears Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Abstract
Lithium has been used for the treatment of mood disorders for over 60 years, yet the exact mechanisms by which it exerts its therapeutic effects remain unclear. Two enzymatic chains or pathways emerge as targets for lithium: inositol monophosphatase within the phosphatidylinositol signalling pathway and the protein kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3. Lithium inhibits these enzymes through displacing the normal cofactor magnesium, a vital regulator of numerous signalling pathways. Here we provide an overview of evidence, supporting a role for the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 and inositol monophosphatase in the pharmacodynamic actions of lithium. We also explore how inhibition of these enzymes by lithium can lead to downstream effects of clinical relevance, both for mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Establishing a better understanding of lithium's mechanisms of action may allow the development of more effective and more tolerable pharmacological agents for the treatment of a range of mental illnesses, and provide clearer insight into the pathophysiology of such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayleigh M Brown
- Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, PO Box 63, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
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Chiu CT, Wang Z, Hunsberger JG, Chuang DM. Therapeutic potential of mood stabilizers lithium and valproic acid: beyond bipolar disorder. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 65:105-42. [PMID: 23300133 PMCID: PMC3565922 DOI: 10.1124/pr.111.005512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mood stabilizers lithium and valproic acid (VPA) are traditionally used to treat bipolar disorder (BD), a severe mental illness arising from complex interactions between genes and environment that drive deficits in cellular plasticity and resiliency. The therapeutic potential of these drugs in other central nervous system diseases is also gaining support. This article reviews the various mechanisms of action of lithium and VPA gleaned from cellular and animal models of neurologic, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Clinical evidence is included when available to provide a comprehensive perspective of the field and to acknowledge some of the limitations of these treatments. First, the review describes how action at these drugs' primary targets--glycogen synthase kinase-3 for lithium and histone deacetylases for VPA--induces the transcription and expression of neurotrophic, angiogenic, and neuroprotective proteins. Cell survival signaling cascades, oxidative stress pathways, and protein quality control mechanisms may further underlie lithium and VPA's beneficial actions. The ability of cotreatment to augment neuroprotection and enhance stem cell homing and migration is also discussed, as are microRNAs as new therapeutic targets. Finally, preclinical findings have shown that the neuroprotective benefits of these agents facilitate anti-inflammation, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, blood-brain barrier integrity, and disease-specific neuroprotection. These mechanisms can be compared with dysregulated disease mechanisms to suggest core cellular and molecular disturbances identifiable by specific risk biomarkers. Future clinical endeavors are warranted to determine the therapeutic potential of lithium and VPA across the spectrum of central nervous system diseases, with particular emphasis on a personalized medicine approach toward treating these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Tso Chiu
- Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Ning M, Lopez M, Cao J, Buonanno FS, Lo EH. Application of proteomics to cerebrovascular disease. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:3582-97. [PMID: 23161401 PMCID: PMC3712851 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While neurovascular diseases such as ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are the leading causes of disability in the world, the repertoire of therapeutic interventions has remained remarkably limited. There is a dire need to develop new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic options. The study of proteomics is particularly enticing for cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke, which most likely involve multiple gene interactions resulting in a wide range of clinical phenotypes. Currently, rapidly progressing neuroproteomic techniques have been employed in clinical and translational research to help identify biologically relevant pathways, to understand cerebrovascular pathophysiology, and to develop novel therapeutics and diagnostics. Future integration of proteomic with genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic studies will add new perspectives to better understand the complexities of neurovascular injury. Here, we review cerebrovascular proteomics research in both preclinical (animal, cell culture) and clinical (blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, microdialyates, tissue) studies. We will also discuss the rewards, challenges, and future directions for the application of proteomics technology to the study of various disease phenotypes. To capture the dynamic range of cerebrovascular injury and repair with a translational targeted and discovery approach, we emphasize the importance of complementing innovative proteomic technology with existing molecular biology models in preclinical studies, and the need to advance pharmacoproteomics to directly probe clinical physiology and gauge therapeutic efficacy at the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Ning
- Clinical Proteomics Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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Chiu CT, Chuang DM. Neuroprotective action of lithium in disorders of the central nervous system. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2012; 36:461-76. [PMID: 21743136 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7347.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Substantial in vitro and in vivo evidence of neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects of lithium suggests that it may also have considerable potential for the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions. Lithium's main mechanisms of action appear to stem from its ability to inhibit glycogen synthase kinase-3 activity and also to induce signaling mediated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor. This in turn alters a wide variety of downstream effectors, with the ultimate effect of enhancing pathways to cell survival. In addition, lithium contributes to calcium homeostasis. By inhibiting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated calcium influx, for instance, it suppresses the calcium-dependent activation of pro-apoptotic signaling pathways. By inhibiting the activity of phosphoinositol phosphatases, it decreases levels of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, a process recently identified as a novel mechanism for inducing autophagy. These mechanisms allow therapeutic doses of lithium to protect neuronal cells from diverse insults that would otherwise lead to massive cell death. Lithium, moreover, has been shown to improve behavioral and cognitive deficits in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, including stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, fragile X syndrome, and Huntington's, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. Since lithium is already FDA-approved for the treatment of bipolar disorder, our conclusions support the notion that its clinical relevance can be expanded to include the treatment of several neurological and neurodegenerative-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Tso Chiu
- Section on Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive MSC 1363, Bethesda, MD 20892-1363, USA
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Shin WJ, Gwak M, Baek CH, Kim KS, Park PH. Neuroprotective effects of lithium treatment following hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Childs Nerv Syst 2012; 28:191-8. [PMID: 22094358 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-011-1627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing evidence indicates that lithium is a neuroprotective agent against transient focal and global ischemic injury in the adult animal. In the developing brain, lithium has shown protective effects against neuroapoptosis induced by drugs. This study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of lithium on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in the neonatal rat. METHODS Seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats underwent hypoxic-ischemic injury (HII) induced by ligation of the common carotid artery followed by exposure to ~2.5 h of hypoxia (~7% oxygen). After HII, rat pups were randomly assigned into two groups: a control group (n = 21), which received a daily subcutaneous injection of 0.9% normal saline for 14 days following HII; and a lithium group (n = 32), treated with daily injection of lithium chloride. N-acetylaspartate/creatinine, choline/creatinine, lipid/creatinine ratios at 1.3 ppm (Lip(1.3)/Cr) and 0.9 ppm (Lip(0.9)/Cr) lipid peaks were evaluated by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy on the day of HII and on days 7 and 14 after HII. Infarct ratios based on magnetic resonance images were also determined at the same time points. RESULTS Seven days after HII, the Lip(1.3)/Cr and Lip(0.9)/Cr ratios as well as the infarct ratio were significantly lower in the lithium group than in the control group. The Lip(1.3)/Cr and Lip(0.9)/Cr ratios were significantly correlated with infarct ratio. CONCLUSION This study showed that post-HII treatment with lithium may have a neuroprotective effect in the immature brain. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism of neuroprotective properties of lithium against HII-induced neonatal brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Jung Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, 388-1 Pungnap-2dong, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea
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Wang ZF, Fessler EB, Chuang DM. Beneficial effects of mood stabilizers lithium, valproate and lamotrigine in experimental stroke models. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011; 32:1433-45. [PMID: 22056617 PMCID: PMC4010202 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2011.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mood stabilizers lithium, valproate and lamotrigine are traditionally used to treat bipolar disorder. However, accumulating evidence suggests that these drugs have broad neuroprotective properties and may therefore be promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including stroke. Lithium, valproate and lamotrigine exert protective effects in diverse experimental stroke models by acting on their respective primary targets, ie, glycogen synthase kinase-3, histone deacetylases and voltage-gated sodium channels, respectively. This article reviews the most recent findings regarding the underlying mechanisms of these phenomena, which will pave the way for clinical investigations that use mood stabilizers to treat stroke. We also propose several future research avenues that may extend our understanding of the benefits of lithium, valproate and lamotrigine in improving stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-fei Wang
- Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1363, USA
| | - Emily Bame Fessler
- Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1363, USA
| | - De-Maw Chuang
- Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1363, USA
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Chuang DM, Wang Z, Chiu CT. GSK-3 as a Target for Lithium-Induced Neuroprotection Against Excitotoxicity in Neuronal Cultures and Animal Models of Ischemic Stroke. Front Mol Neurosci 2011; 4:15. [PMID: 21886605 PMCID: PMC3152742 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2011.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mood stabilizer lithium inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) directly or indirectly by enhancing serine phosphorylation of both α and β isoforms. Lithium robustly protected primary brain neurons from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity; these actions were mimicked by other GSK-3 inhibitors or silencing/inhibiting GSK-3α and/or β isoforms. Lithium rapidly activated Akt to enhance GSK-3 serine phosphorylation and to block glutamate-induced Akt inactivation. Lithium also up-regulated Bcl-2 and suppressed glutamate-induced p53 and Bax. Induction of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was required for lithium’s neuroprotection to occur. BDNF promoter IV was activated by GSK-3 inhibition using lithium or other drugs, or through gene silencing/inactivation of either isoform. Further, lithium’s neuroprotective effects were associated with inhibition of NMDA receptor-mediated calcium influx and down-stream signaling. In rodent ischemic models, post-insult treatment with lithium decreased infarct volume, ameliorated neurological deficits, and improved functional recovery. Up-regulation of heat-shock protein 70 and Bcl-2 as well as down-regulation of p53 likely contributed to lithium’s protective effects. Delayed treatment with lithium improved functional MRI responses, which was accompanied by enhanced angiogenesis. Two GSK-3-regulated pro-angiogenic factors, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor were induced by lithium. Finally, lithium promoted migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by up-regulation of MMP-9 through GSK-3β inhibition. Notably, transplantation of lithium-primed MSCs into ischemic rats enhanced MSC migration to the injured brain regions and improved the neurological performance. Several other GSK-3 inhibitors have also been reported to be beneficial in rodent ischemic models. Together, GSK-3 inhibition is a rational strategy to combat ischemic stroke and other excitotoxicity-related brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Maw Chuang
- Molecular Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
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