1
|
Gupta V, Singh S, Singh TG. Pervasive expostulation of p53 gene promoting the precipitation of neurogenic convulsions: A journey in therapeutic advancements. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 983:176990. [PMID: 39251181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy, a neurological disorder characterized by prolonged and excessive seizures, has been linked to elevated levels of the tumor suppressor gene p53, which contributes to neuronal dysfunction. This review explores the molecular mechanisms of p53 in epilepsy and discusses potential future therapeutic strategies. Research indicates that changes in p53 expression during neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress play a significant role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Elevated p53 disrupts glutamatergic neurotransmission and hyperactivates NMDA and AMPA receptors, leading to increased neuronal calcium influx, mitochondrial oxidative stress, and activation of apoptotic pathways mediated neuronal dysfunction, exacerbating epileptogenesis. The involvement of p53 in epilepsy suggests that targeting this protein could be beneficial in mitigating neuronal damage and preventing seizure recurrence. Pharmacological agents like pifithrin-α have shown promise in reducing p53-mediated apoptosis and seizure severity. Gene therapy approaches, such as viral vector-mediated delivery of wild-type p53 or RNA interference targeting mutant p53, have also been effective in restoring normal p53 function and reducing seizure susceptibility. Despite these advances, the heterogeneous nature of epilepsy and potential long-term side effects of p53 modulation present challenges. Future research should focus on elucidating the precise molecular mechanisms of p53 and developing personalized therapeutic strategies. Modulating p53 activity holds promise for reducing seizure susceptibility and improving the quality of life for individuals with epilepsy. The current review provides the understanding the intricate role of p53 in neuroinflammatory pathways, including JAK-STAT, JNK, NF-κB, Sonic Hedgehog, and Wnt, is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vrinda Gupta
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Shareen Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India; School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhardwaj S, Grewal AK, Singh S, Dhankar V, Jindal A. An insight into the concept of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease: targeting molecular approach Nrf2, NF-κB, and CREB. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2943-2960. [PMID: 38951436 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a most prevalent neurologic disorder characterized by cognitive dysfunction, amyloid-β (Aβ) protein accumulation, and excessive neuroinflammation. It affects various life tasks and reduces thinking, memory, capability, reasoning and orientation ability, decision, and language. The major parts responsible for these abnormalities are the cerebral cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus. Excessive inflammatory markers release, and microglial activation affect post-synaptic neurotransmission. Various mechanisms of AD pathogenesis have been explored, but still, there is a need to debate the role of NF-κB, Nrf2, inflammatory markers, CREB signaling, etc. In this review, we have briefly discussed the signaling mechanisms and function of the NF-ĸB signaling pathway, inflammatory mediators, microglia activation, and alteration of autophagy. NF-κB inhibition is a current strategy to counter neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the brain of individuals with AD. In clinical trials, numbers of NF-κB modulators are being examined. Recent reports revealed that molecular and cellular pathways initiate complex pathological competencies that cause AD. Moreover, this review will provide extensive knowledge of the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and how these nuclear proteins affect neuronal plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaveta Bhardwaj
- G.H.G. Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sudhar, Ludhiana, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India.
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
| | - Vaibhav Dhankar
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Anu Jindal
- G.H.G. Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Gurusar Sudhar, Ludhiana, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hamad MIK, Emerald BS, Kumar KK, Ibrahim MF, Ali BR, Bataineh MF. Extracellular molecular signals shaping dendrite architecture during brain development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1254589. [PMID: 38155836 PMCID: PMC10754048 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1254589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper growth and branching of dendrites are crucial for adequate central nervous system (CNS) functioning. The neuronal dendritic geometry determines the mode and quality of information processing. Any defects in dendrite development will disrupt neuronal circuit formation, affecting brain function. Besides cell-intrinsic programmes, extrinsic factors regulate various aspects of dendritic development. Among these extrinsic factors are extracellular molecular signals which can shape the dendrite architecture during early development. This review will focus on extrinsic factors regulating dendritic growth during early neuronal development, including neurotransmitters, neurotrophins, extracellular matrix proteins, contact-mediated ligands, and secreted and diffusible cues. How these extracellular molecular signals contribute to dendritic growth has been investigated in developing nervous systems using different species, different areas within the CNS, and different neuronal types. The response of the dendritic tree to these extracellular molecular signals can result in growth-promoting or growth-limiting effects, and it depends on the receptor subtype, receptor quantity, receptor efficiency, the animal model used, the developmental time windows, and finally, the targeted signal cascade. This article reviews our current understanding of the role of various extracellular signals in the establishment of the architecture of the dendrites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad I. K. Hamad
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kukkala K. Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marwa F. Ibrahim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R. Ali
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mo’ath F. Bataineh
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xie RG, Xu GY, Wu SX, Luo C. Presynaptic glutamate receptors in nociception. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 251:108539. [PMID: 37783347 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a frequent, distressing and poorly understood health problem. Plasticity of synaptic transmission in the nociceptive pathways after inflammation or injury is assumed to be an important cellular basis for chronic, pathological pain. Glutamate serves as the main excitatory neurotransmitter at key synapses in the somatosensory nociceptive pathways, in which it acts on both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Although conventionally postsynaptic, compelling anatomical and physiological evidence demonstrates the presence of presynaptic glutamate receptors in the nociceptive pathways. Presynaptic glutamate receptors play crucial roles in nociceptive synaptic transmission and plasticity. They modulate presynaptic neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity, which in turn regulates pain sensitization. In this review, we summarize the latest understanding of the expression of presynaptic glutamate receptors in the nociceptive pathways, and how they contribute to nociceptive information processing and pain hypersensitivity associated with inflammation / injury. We uncover the cellular and molecular mechanisms of presynaptic glutamate receptors in shaping synaptic transmission and plasticity to mediate pain chronicity, which may provide therapeutic approaches for treatment of chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rou-Gang Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Sheng-Xi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ceng Luo
- Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma H, Khaled HG, Wang X, Mandelberg NJ, Cohen SM, He X, Tsien RW. Excitation-transcription coupling, neuronal gene expression and synaptic plasticity. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:672-692. [PMID: 37773070 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00742-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Excitation-transcription coupling (E-TC) links synaptic and cellular activity to nuclear gene transcription. It is generally accepted that E-TC makes a crucial contribution to learning and memory through its role in underpinning long-lasting synaptic enhancement in late-phase long-term potentiation and has more recently been linked to late-phase long-term depression: both processes require de novo gene transcription, mRNA translation and protein synthesis. E-TC begins with the activation of glutamate-gated N-methyl-D-aspartate-type receptors and voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels at the membrane and culminates in the activation of transcription factors in the nucleus. These receptors and ion channels mediate E-TC through mechanisms that include long-range signalling from the synapse to the nucleus and local interactions within dendritic spines, among other possibilities. Growing experimental evidence links these E-TC mechanisms to late-phase long-term potentiation and learning and memory. These advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of E-TC mean that future efforts can focus on understanding its mesoscale functions and how it regulates neuronal network activity and behaviour in physiological and pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ma
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Research Units for Emotion and Emotional Disorders, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Houda G Khaled
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nataniel J Mandelberg
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel M Cohen
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xingzhi He
- Department of Neurobiology, Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Research Units for Emotion and Emotional Disorders, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Richard W Tsien
- NYU Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Glavonic E, Mitic M, Adzic M. Hallucinogenic drugs and their potential for treating fear-related disorders: Through the lens of fear extinction. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:947-969. [PMID: 35165930 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fear-related disorders, mainly phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder, are highly prevalent, debilitating disorders that pose a significant public health problem. They are characterized by aberrant processing of aversive experiences and dysregulated fear extinction, leading to excessive expression of fear and diminished quality of life. The gold standard for treating fear-related disorders is extinction-based exposure therapy (ET), shown to be ineffective for up to 35% of subjects. Moreover, ET combined with traditional pharmacological treatments for fear-related disorders, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, offers no further advantage to patients. This prompted the search for ways to improve ET outcomes, with current research focused on pharmacological agents that can augment ET by strengthening fear extinction learning. Hallucinogenic drugs promote reprocessing of fear-imbued memories and induce positive mood and openness, relieving anxiety and enabling the necessary emotional engagement during psychotherapeutic interventions. Mechanistically, hallucinogens induce dynamic structural and functional neuroplastic changes across the fear extinction circuitry and temper amygdala's hyperreactivity to threat-related stimuli, effectively mitigating one of the hallmarks of fear-related disorders. This paper provides the first comprehensive review of hallucinogens' potential to alleviate symptoms of fear-related disorders by focusing on their effects on fear extinction and the underlying molecular mechanisms. We overview both preclinical and clinical studies and emphasize the advantages of hallucinogenic drugs over current first-line treatments. We highlight 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and ketamine as the most effective therapeutics for fear-related disorders and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms responsible for their potency with implications for improving hallucinogen-assisted psychotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Glavonic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Mitic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Adzic
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, "VINČA" Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Effects of heroin self-administration and forced withdrawal on the expression of genes related to the mTOR network in the basolateral complex of the amygdala of male Lewis rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2022; 239:2559-2571. [PMID: 35467104 PMCID: PMC9293846 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The development of substance use disorders involves long-lasting adaptations in specific brain areas that result in an elevated risk of relapse. Some of these adaptations are regulated by the mTOR network, a signalling system that integrates extracellular and intracellular stimuli and modulates several processes related to plasticity. While the role of the mTOR network in cocaine- and alcohol-related disorders is well established, little is known about its participation in opiate use disorders. OBJECTIVES To use a heroin self-administration and a withdrawal protocol that induce incubation of heroin-seeking in male rats and study the associated effects on the expression of several genes related to the mTOR system and, in the specific case of Rictor, its respective translated protein and phosphorylation. RESULTS We found that heroin self-administration elicited an increase in the expression of the genes Igf1r, Igf2r, Akt2 and Gsk3a in the basolateral complex of the amygdala, which was not as evident at 30 days of withdrawal. We also found an increase in the expression of Rictor (a protein of the mTOR complex 2) after heroin self-administration compared to the saline group, which was occluded at the 30-day withdrawal period. The activation levels of Rictor, measured by the phosphorylation rate, were also reduced after heroin self-administration, an effect that seemed more apparent in the protracted withdrawal group. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that heroin self-administration under extended access conditions modifies the expression profile of activators and components of the mTOR complexes and show a putative irresponsive mTOR complex 2 after withdrawal from heroin use.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kuwahara N, Nicholson K, Isaacs L, MacLusky NJ. Androgen Effects on Neural Plasticity. ANDROGENS: CLINICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS 2021; 2:216-230. [PMID: 35024693 PMCID: PMC8744448 DOI: 10.1089/andro.2021.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Androgens are synthesized in the brain, gonads, and adrenal glands, in both sexes, exerting physiologically important effects on the structure and function of the central nervous system. These effects may contribute to the incidence and progression of neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease, which occur at different rates in males and females. This review briefly summarizes the current state of knowledge with respect to the neuroplastic effects of androgens, with particular emphasis on the hippocampus, which has been the focus of much of the research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nariko Kuwahara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Kate Nicholson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lauren Isaacs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Neil J. MacLusky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Presynaptic AMPA Receptors in Health and Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092260. [PMID: 34571906 PMCID: PMC8470629 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are ionotropic glutamate receptors that play a major role in excitatory neurotransmission. AMPARs are located at both presynaptic and postsynaptic plasma membranes. A huge number of studies investigated the role of postsynaptic AMPARs in the normal and abnormal functioning of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). These studies highlighted that changes in the functional properties or abundance of postsynaptic AMPARs are major mechanisms underlying synaptic plasticity phenomena, providing molecular explanations for the processes of learning and memory. Conversely, the role of AMPARs at presynaptic terminals is as yet poorly clarified. Accruing evidence demonstrates that presynaptic AMPARs can modulate the release of various neurotransmitters. Recent studies also suggest that presynaptic AMPARs may possess double ionotropic-metabotropic features and that they are involved in the local regulation of actin dynamics in both dendritic and axonal compartments. In addition, evidence suggests a key role of presynaptic AMPARs in axonal pathology, in regulation of pain transmission and in the physiology of the auditory system. Thus, it appears that presynaptic AMPARs play an important modulatory role in nerve terminal activity, making them attractive as novel pharmacological targets for a variety of pathological conditions.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu H, Li Z, Li Q, Jia C, Zhang N, Qu Y, Hu D. HSP70 inhibition suppressed glioma cell viability during hypoxia/reoxygenation by inhibiting the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2021; 53:405-413. [PMID: 34363569 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-021-09904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) can regulate astrocyte viability under hypoxic and ischemic conditions. However, the protective mechanism involved is not completely clear. This study aimed to investigate whether HSP70 protects U87 glioma cells against hypoxic damage via the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathways. Lentivirus-mediated HSP70-siRNA was used for HSP70 silencing. U87 glioma cells with lentiviral infection were exposed to hypoxia for 4, 8, 12, and 24 h, respectively, followed by a 24-h reoxygenation treatment. A Cell-Counting Kit-8 was then used to evaluate the viability of the U87 glioma cells. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were performed to determine the mRNA and protein levels, respectively. The expression of HSP70, p-ERK1/2, p-AKT, and U87 cell viability were increased after 8 h of hypoxia/24 h of reoxygenation (P < 0.01). However, HSP70 silencing significantly decreased the U87 cell viability after the hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment (P < 0.01). The protein expressions of p-ERK1/2 and p-AKT also decreased in HSP70-silenced U87 cells (P < 0.01). In conclusion, HSP70 inhibition suppressed the viability of U87 glioma cells during hypoxia/reoxygenation (at least partially) by inhibiting the ERK1/2 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. This study may help to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression and development of cerebral hypoxia-ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Liu
- Department of Osteoarthrosis, Qingdao Municipal Hospital East Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital East Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Qingshu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital East Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Chao Jia
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital East Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital East Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital East Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital East Hospital, Qingdao, 266000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Borisova T, Pozdnyakova N, Dudarenko M, Krisanova N, Andronati S. GABAA receptor agonist cinazepam and its active metabolite 3-hydroxyphenazepam act differently at the presynaptic site. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 45:39-51. [PMID: 33820715 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cinazepam C19H14BrClN2O5, ("LevanaⓇ ІC") a partial GABAA receptor agonist, and its active metabolite 3-hydroxyphenazepam C15H10BrClN2O2 were comparatively assessed in vitro using nerve terminals isolated from rat cortex (synaptosomes). At the presynaptic site, cinazepam (100 and 200 µM) facilitated synaptosomal transporter-mediated [3H]GABA uptake by enhancing both the initial rate and accumulation, and decreased the ambient level and transporter-mediated release of [3H]GABA. Whereas, 3-hydroxyphenazepam decreased the uptake and did not change the ambient synaptosomal level and transporter-mediated release of [3H]GABA. To exclude GABA transporter influence, NO-711, the transporter blocker, was applied and it was found that exocytotic release of [3H]GABA decreased, whereas tonic release of [3H]GABA was not changed in the presence of both cinazepam or 3-hydroxyphenazepam after treatment of synaptosomes with NO-711. In fluorimetric studies using potential- and pH-sensitive dyes rhodamine 6G and acridine orange, respectively, it was found that cinazepam hyperpolarized the synaptosomal plasma membrane, and increased synaptic vesicle acidification, whereas, 3-hydroxyphenazepam demonstrated opposite effects on these parameters. Therefore, action of cinazepam and its active metabolite 3-hydroxyphenazepam on GABAergic neurotransmission was different. Therapeutic effects of cinazepam can be associated with its ability to hyperpolarize the plasma membrane, to increase synaptic vesicle acidification and capacity of its active metabolite 3-hydroxyphenazepam to inhibit GABA transporter functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01054, Ukraine.
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01054, Ukraine.
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01054, Ukraine.
| | - Natalia Krisanova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, The Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01054, Ukraine.
| | - Sergey Andronati
- The Department of Medicinal Chemistry, A.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 86 Lustdorfskaya doroga, 65080 Odessa, Ukraine.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim JE, Lee DS, Park H, Kang TC. Src/CK2/PTEN-Mediated GluN2B and CREB Dephosphorylations Regulate the Responsiveness to AMPA Receptor Antagonists in Chronic Epilepsy Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9633. [PMID: 33348808 PMCID: PMC7766850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Both α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) have been reported as targets for treatment of epilepsy. To investigate the roles and interactions of AMPAR and NMDAR in ictogenesis of epileptic hippocampus, we analyzed AMPAR antagonists (perampanel and GYKI 52466)-mediated phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) regulation and glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B (GluN2B) tyrosine (Y) 1472 phosphorylation in epilepsy rats. Both perampanel and GYKI 52466 increased PTEN expression and its activity (reduced phosphorylation), concomitant with decreased activities (phosphorylations) of Src family-casein kinase 2 (CK2) signaling pathway. Compatible with these, they also restored the upregulated GluN2B Y1472 and Ca2+/cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) serine (S) 133 phosphorylations and surface expression of glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1 (GRIA1) to basal level in the epileptic hippocampus. These effects of perampanel and GYKI 52466 are observed in responders (whose seizure activities are responsive to AMPAR antagonists), but not non-responders (whose seizure activities were uncontrolled by AMPAR antagonists). Therefore, our findings suggest that Src/CK2/PTEN-mediated GluN2B Y1472 and CREB S133 regulations may be one of the responsible signaling pathways for the generation of refractory seizures in non-responders to AMPAR antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (D.-S.L.); (H.P.)
- Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Duk-Shin Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (D.-S.L.); (H.P.)
- Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hana Park
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (D.-S.L.); (H.P.)
- Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Tae-Cheon Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (J.-E.K.); (D.-S.L.); (H.P.)
- Institute of Epilepsy Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ucha M, Roura-Martínez D, Ambrosio E, Higuera-Matas A. The role of the mTOR pathway in models of drug-induced reward and the behavioural constituents of addiction. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:1176-1199. [PMID: 32854585 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120944159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to drugs of abuse induces neuroadaptations in critical nodes of the so-called reward systems that are thought to mediate the transition from controlled drug use to the compulsive drug-seeking that characterizes addictive disorders. These neural adaptations are likely to require protein synthesis, which is regulated, among others, by the mechanistic target of the rapamycin kinase (mTOR) signalling cascade. METHODS We have performed a narrative review of the literature available in PubMed about the involvement of the mTOR pathway in drug-reward and addiction-related phenomena. AIMS The aim of this study was to review the underlying architecture of this complex intracellular network and to discuss the alterations of its components that are evident after exposure to drugs of abuse. The aim was also to delineate the effects that manipulations of the mTOR network have on models of drug reward and on paradigms that recapitulate some of the psychological components of addiction. RESULTS There is evidence for the involvement of the mTOR pathway in the acute and rewarding effects of drugs of abuse, especially psychostimulants. However, the data regarding opiates are scarce. There is a need to use sophisticated animal models of addiction to ascertain the real role of the mTOR pathway in this pathology and not just in drug-mediated reward. The involvement of this pathway in behavioural addictions and impulsivity should also be studied in detail in the future. CONCLUSIONS Although there is a plethora of data about the modulation of mTOR by drugs of abuse, the involvement of this signalling pathway in addictive disorders requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Ucha
- Department of Psychobiology, National University for Distance Learning (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Roura-Martínez
- Department of Psychobiology, National University for Distance Learning (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ambrosio
- Department of Psychobiology, National University for Distance Learning (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Higuera-Matas
- Department of Psychobiology, National University for Distance Learning (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Amiri S, Azadmanesh K, Dehghan Shasaltaneh M, Mayahi V, Naghdi N. The Implication of Androgens in the Presence of Protein Kinase C to Repair Alzheimer’s Disease-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2020; 24:64-80. [PMID: 31677609 PMCID: PMC6984714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 03/29/2024]
Abstract
Aging, as a major risk factor of memory deficiency, affects neural signaling pathways in hippocampus. In particular, age-dependent androgens deficiency causes cognitive impairments. Several enzymes like protein kinase C (PKC) are involved in memory deficiency. Indeed, PKC regulatory process mediates α-secretase activation to cleave APP in β-amyloid cascade and tau proteins phosphorylation mechanism. Androgens and cortisol regulate PKC signaling pathways, affecting the modulation of receptor for activated C kinase 1. Mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK signaling pathway depends on CREB activity in hippocampal neurons and is involved in regulatory processes via PKC and androgens. Therefore, testosterone and PKC contribute in the neuronal apoptosis. The present review summarizes the current status of androgens, PKC, and their influence on cognitive learning. Inconsistencies in experimental investigations related to this fundamental correlation are also discussed, with emphasis on the mentioned contributors as the probable potent candidates for learning and memory improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Amiri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Vafa Mayahi
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nasser Naghdi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Neuropathic Pain Dysregulates Gene Expression of the Forebrain Opioid and Dopamine Systems. Neurotox Res 2020; 37:800-814. [PMID: 32026358 PMCID: PMC7085470 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances in the function of the mesostriatal dopamine system may contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic pain, including its sensory and emotional/cognitive aspects. In the present study, we assessed the influence of chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve on the expression of genes coding for dopamine and opioid receptors as well as opioid propeptides in the mouse mesostriatal system, particularly in the nucleus accumbens. We demonstrated bilateral increases in mRNA levels of the dopamine D1 and D2 receptors (the latter accompanied by elevated protein level), opioid propeptides proenkephalin and prodynorphin, as well as delta and kappa (but not mu) opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens at 7 to 14 days after CCI. These results show that CCI-induced neuropathic pain is accompanied by a major transcriptional dysregulation of molecules involved in dopaminergic and opioidergic signaling in the striatum/nucleus accumbens. Possible functional consequences of these changes include opposite effects of upregulated enkephalin/delta opioid receptor signaling vs. dynorphin/kappa opioid receptor signaling, with the former most likely having an analgesic effect and the latter exacerbating pain and contributing to pain-related negative emotional states.
Collapse
|
16
|
Patel D, Roy A, Pahan K. PPARα serves as a new receptor of aspirin for neuroprotection. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:626-631. [PMID: 31797405 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Acetyl salicylic acid, commonly known as aspirin, has been being widely used as an anti-inflammatory drug for almost 100 years. However, there was no receptor known for this popular drug. Recently, we have established that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) acts as a novel receptor of aspirin. Activation of PPARα by aspirin stimulated a series of downstream signaling pathways that could potentially ameliorate different Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related pathologies. In this mini-review, we have discussed how aspirin-PPARα interaction plays a pivotal role in the amelioration of AD pathology via the stimulation of neurotrophic factors, upregulation of plasticity-associated genes, and removal of plaque burden in hippocampal neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Patel
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Avik Roy
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kalipada Pahan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Research and Development, Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Law BM, Guest AL, Pullen MWJ, Perkinton MS, Williams RJ. Increased Foxo3a Nuclear Translocation and Activity is an Early Neuronal Response to βγ-Secretase-Mediated Processing of the Amyloid-β Protein Precursor: Utility of an AβPP-GAL4 Reporter Assay. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 61:673-688. [PMID: 29254083 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sequential cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) by BACE1 (β-secretase) followed by theγ-secretase complex, is strongly implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the initial cellular responses to these cleavage events are not fully defined. β-secretase-mediated AβPP processing yields an extracellular domain (sAβPPβ) and a C-terminal fragment of AβPP of 99 amino acids (C99). Subsequent cleavage by γ-secretase produces amyloid-β (Aβ) and an AβPP intracellular domain (AICD). A cellular screen based on the generation of AICD from an AβPP-Gal4 fusion protein was adapted by introducing familial AD (FAD) mutations into the AβPP sequence and linking the assay to Gal4-UAS driven luciferase and GFP expression, to identify responses immediately downstream of AβPP processing in neurons with a focus on the transcription factor Foxo3a which has been implicated in neurodegeneration. The K670N/M671L, E682K, E693G, and V717I FAD mutations and the A673T protective mutation, were introduced into the AβPP sequence by site directed mutagenesis. When expressed in mouse cortical neurons, AβPP-Gal4-UAS driven luciferase and GFP expression was substantially reduced by γ-secretase inhibitors, lowered by β-secretase inhibitors, and enhanced by α-secretase inhibitors suggesting that AICD is a product of the βγ-secretase pathway. AβPP-Gal4-UAS driven GFP expression was exploited to identify individual neurons undergoing amyloidogenic AβPP processing, revealing increased nuclear localization of Foxo3a and enhanced Foxo3a-mediated transcription downstream of AICD production. Foxo3a translocation was not driven by AICD directly but correlated with reduced Akt phosphorylation. Collectively this suggests that βγ-secretase-mediated AβPP processing couples to Foxo3a which could be an early neuronal signaling response in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard M Law
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Amy L Guest
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | | | | | - Robert J Williams
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
He F, Zhang N, Lv Y, Sun W, Chen H. Low‑dose lipopolysaccharide inhibits neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway in rats. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1443-1452. [PMID: 30628689 PMCID: PMC6390019 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of low‑dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)‑induced brain injury, and to explore the mechanism of phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/Akt/forkhead box protein (Fox)O1 signaling pathway. Male Sprague‑Dawley rats were divided into control group (control), ischemia/reperfusion surgery group (I/R) and low‑dose LPS treatment group (LPS). An I/R model was established and the hemodynamic parameters were recorded at the end of I/R injury. The brain tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl‑transferase‑mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining. Microglia were treated with LPS following hypoxia/reoxygenation. The cellular viability was detected by 3‑(4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The apoptotic rate of microglia was detected using AnnexinV/propidium iodide staining. The expression of B‑cell lymphoma (Bcl)‑2, Bcl‑2‑associated X (Bax), and caspase‑3 were detected by western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Akt, phosphorylated (p)‑Akt, FoxO1 and p‑FoxO1 expression were detected by western blotting. It was previously reported that, following I/R injury, neuronal cells were disorderly and brain injury markers (neuron‑specific enolase and S100 β), inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6 and tumor necrosis factor‑α] levels were significantly upregulated. In the present study, the expression levels of Bax, caspase‑3 Akt and p‑Akt were significantly higher, while that of Bcl‑2, FoxO1 and p‑FoxO1 were significantly lower in the I/R group. LPS treatment significantly increased the viability of neuronal cells and decreased the rate of neuronal cell apoptosis. Following the addition of PI3K signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 to microglia, LPS reduced the levels of activated Akt, increased the downstream regulatory gene phosphorylation of FoxO1 and reduced microglia apoptosis. It was concluded that LPS can alleviate I/R‑induced brain injury, inhibit neuronal cells apoptosis and protect neuronal cells via the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan He
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yan Lv
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Wenhao Sun
- Department of Neurology, The General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300020, P.R. China
| | - Huisheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Krisanova N, Pozdnyakova N, Pastukhov A, Dudarenko M, Maksymchuk O, Parkhomets P, Sivko R, Borisova T. Vitamin D3 deficiency in puberty rats causes presynaptic malfunctioning through alterations in exocytotic release and uptake of glutamate/GABA and expression of EAAC-1/GAT-3 transporters. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:142-150. [PMID: 30367913 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent experimental and epidemiologic investigations have revealed that the central nervous system is a target for vitamin D3 action and also linked vitamin D3 deficiency to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, autism and dementia. Abnormal homeostasis of glutamate and GABA and signaling disbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of major neurological diseases. Here, key transport characteristics of glutamate and GABA were analysed in presynaptic nerve terminals (synaptosomes) isolated from the cortex of vitamin D3 deficient (VDD) rats. Puberty rats were kept at the VDD diet up to adulthood. VDD caused: (i) a decrease in the initial rates of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA uptake by plasma membrane transporters of nerve terminals; (ii) a decrease in exocytotic release of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA; (iii) changes in expression of glutamate (EAAC-1) and GABA (GAT-3) transporters. Whereas, the synaptosomal ambient levels and Ca2+-independent transporter-mediated release of L-[14C]glutamate and [3H]GABA were not significantly altered in VDD. Vitamin D3 is a potent neurosteroid and its nutritional deficiency can provoke development of neurological consequences changing glutamate/GABA transporter expressions and excitation/inhibition balance. Also, changes in glutamate transport can underlie lower resistance to hypoxia/ischemia, larger infarct volumes and worsened outcomes in ischemic stroke patients with VDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Krisanova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Natalia Pozdnyakova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Artem Pastukhov
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Marina Dudarenko
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Maksymchuk
- Department of Molecular Oncogenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnogo Str, Kyiv, 03143, Ukraine
| | - Petro Parkhomets
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Roman Sivko
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana Borisova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha str, Kiev, 01030, Ukraine.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vauzour D, Corsini S, Müller M, Spencer JP. Inhibition of PP2A by hesperetin may contribute to Akt and ERK1/2 activation status in cortical neurons. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 650:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
21
|
Hettinger JC, Lee H, Bu G, Holtzman DM, Cirrito JR. AMPA-ergic regulation of amyloid-β levels in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Mol Neurodegener 2018; 13:22. [PMID: 29764453 PMCID: PMC5952376 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-018-0256-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular aggregation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into toxic multimers is a key event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Aβ aggregation is concentration-dependent, with higher concentrations of Aβ much more likely to form toxic species. The processes that regulate extracellular levels of Aβ therefore stand to directly affect AD pathology onset. Studies from our lab and others have demonstrated that synaptic activity is a critical regulator of Aβ production through both presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms. AMPA receptors (AMPA-Rs), as the most abundant ionotropic glutamate receptors, have the potential to greatly impact Aβ levels. METHODS In order to study the role of AMPA-Rs in Aβ regulation, we used in vivo microdialysis in an APP/PS1 mouse model to simultaneously deliver AMPA and other treatments while collecting Aβ from the interstitial fluid (ISF). Changes in Aβ production and clearance along with inflammation were assessed using biochemical approaches. IL-6 deficient mice were utilized to test the role of IL-6 signaling in AMPA-R-mediated regulation of Aβ levels. RESULTS We found that AMPA-R activation decreases in ISF Aβ levels in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the effect of AMPA treatment involves three distinct pathways. Steady-state activity of AMPA-Rs normally promotes higher ISF Aβ. Evoked AMPA-R activity, however, decreases Aβ levels by both stimulating glutamatergic transmission and activating downstream NMDA receptor (NMDA-R) signaling and, with extended AMPA treatment, acting independently of NMDA-Rs. Surprisingly, we found this latter, direct AMPA pathway of Aβ regulation increases Aβ clearance, while Aβ production appears to be largely unaffected. Furthermore, the AMPA-dependent decrease is not observed in IL-6 deficient mice, indicating a role for IL-6 signaling in AMPA-R-mediated Aβ clearance. CONCLUSION Though basal levels of AMPA-R activity promote higher levels of ISF Aβ, evoked AMPA-R signaling decreases Aβ through both NMDA-R-dependent and -independent pathways. We find that evoked AMPA-R signaling increases clearance of extracellular Aβ, at least in part through enhanced IL-6 signaling. These data emphasize that Aβ regulation by synaptic activity involves a number of independent pathways that together determine extracellular Aβ levels. Understanding how these pathways maintain Aβ levels prior to AD pathology may provide insights into disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane C Hettinger
- Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8111, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Hyo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8111, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - David M Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8111, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - John R Cirrito
- Department of Neurology, Knight Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8111, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Depolarizing, inhibitory GABA type A receptor activity regulates GABAergic synapse plasticity via ERK and BDNF signaling. Neuropharmacology 2017; 128:324-339. [PMID: 29074304 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) begins as the key excitatory neurotransmitter in newly forming circuits, with chloride efflux from GABA type A receptors (GABAARs) producing membrane depolarization, which promotes calcium entry, dendritic outgrowth and synaptogenesis. As development proceeds, GABAergic signaling switches to inhibitory hyperpolarizing neurotransmission. Despite the evidence of impaired GABAergic neurotransmission in neurodevelopmental disorders, little is understood on how agonist-dependent GABAAR activation controls the formation and plasticity of GABAergic synapses. We have identified a weakly depolarizing and inhibitory GABAAR response in cortical neurons that occurs during the transition period from GABAAR depolarizing excitation to hyperpolarizing inhibitory activity. We show here that treatment with the GABAAR agonist muscimol mediates structural changes that diminish GABAergic synapse strength through postsynaptic and presynaptic plasticity via intracellular Ca2+ stores, ERK and BDNF/TrkB signaling. Muscimol decreases synaptic localization of surface γ2 GABAARs and gephyrin postsynaptic scaffold while β2/3 non-γ2 GABAARs accumulate in the synapse. Concurrent with this structural plasticity, muscimol treatment decreases synaptic currents while enhancing the γ2 containing benzodiazepine sensitive GABAAR tonic current in an ERK dependent manner. We further demonstrate that GABAAR activation leads to a decrease in presynaptic GAD65 levels via BDNF/TrkB signaling. Together these data reveal a novel mechanism for agonist induced GABAergic synapse plasticity that can occur on the timescale of minutes, contributing to rapid modification of synaptic and circuit function.
Collapse
|
23
|
Valbuena S, Lerma J. Non-canonical Signaling, the Hidden Life of Ligand-Gated Ion Channels. Neuron 2017; 92:316-329. [PMID: 27764665 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurotransmitter receptors are responsible for the transfer of information across the synapse. While ionotropic receptors form ion channels and mediate rapid membrane depolarization, so-called metabotropic receptors exert their action though slower, less direct intracellular signaling pathways. Glutamate, GABA, and acetylcholine can activate both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, yet the distinction between these "canonical" signaling systems has become less clear since ionotropic receptors were proposed to also activate second messenger systems, defining a "non-canonical" signaling pathway. How these alternative pathways affect neuronal circuit activity is not well understood, and their influence could be more significant than previously anticipated. In this review, we examine the evidence available that supports the existence of parallel and unsuspected signaling pathways used by ionotropic neurotransmitter receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Valbuena
- Instituto de Neurociencias CSIC-UMH, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Juan Lerma
- Instituto de Neurociencias CSIC-UMH, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Turovskaya MV, Babaev AA, Zinchenko VP, Epifanova EA, Borisova EV, Tarabykin VS, Turovsky EA. Sip-1 mutations cause disturbances in the activity of NMDA- and AMPA-, but not kainate receptors of neurons in the cerebral cortex. Neurosci Lett 2017; 650:180-186. [PMID: 28455101 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Smad-interacting protein-1 (Sip1) [Zinc finger homeobox (Zfhx1b), Zeb2] is a transcription factor implicated in the genesis of Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) in humans. MWS is a rare genetic autosomal dominant disease caused by a mutation in the Sip1 gene (aka Zeb2 or Zfhx1b) mapped to 2q22.3 locus. MWS affects 1 in every 50-100 newborns worldwide. It is characterized by mental retardation, small stature, typical facial abnormalities as well as disturbances in the development of the cardio-vascular and renal systems as well as some other organs. Sip1 mutations cause abnormal neurogenesis in the brain during development as well as susceptibility to epileptic seizures. In the current study we investigated the role of the Sip1 gene in the activity of NMDA-, AMPA- and KA- receptors. We showed that a particular Sip1 mutation in the mouse causes changes in the activity of both NMDA- and AMPA- receptors in the neocortical neurons in vitro. We demonstrate that neocortical neurons that have only one copy of Sip1 (heterozygous, Sip1fI/wt), are more sensitive to both NMDA- and AMPA- receptors agonists as compared to wild type neurons (Sip1wt/wt). This is reflected in higher amplitudes of agonist induced Ca2+ signals as well as a lower half maximal effective concentration (ЕC50). In contrast, neurons from homozygous Sip1 mice (Sip1fI/fI), demonstrate higher resistance to these respective receptor agonists. This is reflected in lower amplitudes of Ca2+-responses and so a higher concentration of receptor activators is required for activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Turovskaya
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia; Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia
| | - Alexei A Babaev
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Ekaterina A Epifanova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Borisova
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Victor S Tarabykin
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia
| | - Egor A Turovsky
- Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia; Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Werner CT, Murray CH, Reimers JM, Chauhan NM, Woo KKY, Molla HM, Loweth JA, Wolf ME. Trafficking of calcium-permeable and calcium-impermeable AMPA receptors in nucleus accumbens medium spiny neurons co-cultured with prefrontal cortex neurons. Neuropharmacology 2016; 116:224-232. [PMID: 27993521 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AMPA receptor (AMPAR) transmission onto medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the adult rat nucleus accumbens (NAc) is normally dominated by GluA2-containing, Ca2+-impermeable AMPAR (CI-AMPARs). However, GluA2-lacking, Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) accumulate after prolonged withdrawal from extended-access cocaine self-administration and thereafter their activation is required for the intensified (incubated) cue-induced cocaine craving that characterizes prolonged withdrawal from such regimens. These findings suggest the existence of mechanisms in NAc MSNs that differentially regulate CI-AMPARs and CP-AMPARs. Here, we compared trafficking of GluA1A2 CI-AMPARs and homomeric GluA1 CP-AMPARs using immunocytochemical assays in cultured NAc MSNs plated with prefrontal cortical neurons to restore excitatory inputs. We began by evaluating constitutive internalization of surface receptors and found that this occurs more rapidly for CP-AMPARs. Next, we studied receptor insertion into the membrane; combined with past results, the present findings suggest that activation of protein kinase A accelerates insertion of both CP-AMPARs and CI-AMPARs. We also studied constitutive cycling (net loss of receptors from the membrane under conditions where internalization and recycling are both occurring). Interestingly, although CP-AMPARs exhibit faster constitutive internalization, they cycle at similar rates as CI-AMPARs, suggesting faster reinsertion of CP-AMPARs. In studies of synaptic scaling, long-term (24 h) activity blockade increased surface expression and cycling rates of CI-AMPARs but not CP-AMPARs, whereas long-term increases in activity produced more pronounced scaling down of CI-AMPARs than CP-AMPARs but did not alter receptor cycling. These findings can be used to evaluate and generate hypotheses regarding AMPAR plasticity in the rat NAc following cocaine exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Craig T Werner
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Conor H Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Jeremy M Reimers
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Niravkumar M Chauhan
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Kenneth K Y Woo
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Hanna M Molla
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Jessica A Loweth
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Marina E Wolf
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Slouzkey I, Maroun M. PI3-kinase cascade has a differential role in acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear memory in juvenile and adult rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 23:723-731. [PMID: 27918278 PMCID: PMC5110989 DOI: 10.1101/lm.041806.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The basolateral amygdala (BLA), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) circuit, plays a crucial role in acquisition and extinction of fear memory. Extinction of aversive memories is mediated, at least in part, by the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in adult rats. There is recent interest in the neural mechanisms that mediate fear and extinction in juvenile animals and whether these mechanisms are distinctive from those in adult animals. In the present study, we examined (1) changes in phosphorylation of Akt in the BLA and mPFC after fear conditioning and extinction in juvenile and adult rats and (2) the effect of BLA and mPFC localized inhibition of the PI3K following acquisition and extinction of contextual fear memory. Our results show that Akt phosphorylation is increased following acquisition of contextual fear learning in the BLA but not in the mPFC in adult and juvenile rats. Extinction learning was not associated with changes in Akt phosphorylation. Although there were no differences in the pattern of phosphorylation of Akt either in adult or juvenile rats, microinjection of the PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, into the BLA or mPFC elicited differential effects on fear memory acquisition and extinction, depending on the site and timing of the microinjection, as well as on the age of the animal. These results suggest that PI3K/Akt has a differential role in formation, retrieval, and extinction of contextual fear memory in juvenile and adult animals, and point to developmental differences between adult and juvenile rats in mechanisms of extinction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Slouzkey
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| | - Mouna Maroun
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
|
28
|
Smith M, Piehler T, Benjamin R, Farizatto KL, Pait MC, Almeida MF, Ghukasyan VV, Bahr BA. Blast waves from detonated military explosive reduce GluR1 and synaptophysin levels in hippocampal slice cultures. Exp Neurol 2016; 286:107-115. [PMID: 27720798 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Explosives create shockwaves that cause blast-induced neurotrauma, one of the most common types of traumatic brain injury (TBI) linked to military service. Blast-induced TBIs are often associated with reduced cognitive and behavioral functions due to a variety of factors. To study the direct effects of military explosive blasts on brain tissue, we removed systemic factors by utilizing rat hippocampal slice cultures. The long-term slice cultures were briefly sealed air-tight in serum-free medium, lowered into a 37°C water-filled tank, and small 1.7-gram assemblies of cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) were detonated 15cm outside the tank, creating a distinct shockwave recorded at the culture plate position. Compared to control mock-treated groups of slices that received equal submerge time, 1-3 blast impacts caused a dose-dependent reduction in the AMPA receptor subunit GluR1. While only a small reduction was found in hippocampal slices exposed to a single RDX blast and harvested 1-2days later, slices that received two consecutive RDX blasts 4min apart exhibited a 26-40% reduction in GluR1, and the receptor subunit was further reduced by 64-72% after three consecutive blasts. Such loss correlated with increased levels of HDAC2, a histone deacetylase implicated in stress-induced reduction of glutamatergic transmission. No evidence of synaptic marker recovery was found at 72h post-blast. The presynaptic marker synaptophysin was found to have similar susceptibility as GluR1 to the multiple explosive detonations. In contrast to the synaptic protein reductions, actin levels were unchanged, spectrin breakdown was not detected, and Fluoro-Jade B staining found no indication of degenerating neurons in slices exposed to three RDX blasts, suggesting that small, sub-lethal explosives are capable of producing selective alterations to synaptic integrity. Together, these results indicate that blast waves from military explosive cause signs of synaptic compromise without producing severe neurodegeneration, perhaps explaining the cognitive and behavioral changes in those blast-induced TBI sufferers that have no detectable neuropathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marquitta Smith
- Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC 28372, USA
| | - Thuvan Piehler
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, USA
| | - Richard Benjamin
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005, USA
| | - Karen L Farizatto
- Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC 28372, USA
| | - Morgan C Pait
- Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC 28372, USA
| | - Michael F Almeida
- Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC 28372, USA
| | - Vladimir V Ghukasyan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ben A Bahr
- Biotechnology Research and Training Center, University of North Carolina-Pembroke, Pembroke, NC 28372, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ribeiro MPC, Custódio JBA, Santos AE. Ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists and cancer therapy: time to think out of the box? Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 79:219-225. [PMID: 27586965 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate has a trophic function in the development of the central nervous system, regulating the proliferation and migration of neuronal progenitors. The resemblance between neuronal embryonic and tumor cells has paved the way for the investigation of the effects of glutamate on tumor cells. Indeed, tumor cells derived from neuronal tissue express ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluRs) subunits and iGluR antagonists decrease cell proliferation. Likewise, iGluRs subunits are expressed in several peripheral cancer cells and blockade of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes decreases their proliferation and migration. Although these mechanisms are still being investigated, the inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway was shown to play a key role in the antiproliferative activity of iGluR antagonists. Importantly, MK-801, a NMDAR channel blocker, was effective and well tolerated in animal models of melanoma, lung, and breast cancers, suggesting that the blockade of iGluR signaling may represent a new strategy for cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on the significance of NMDA and AMPA receptor expression in tumor cells, as well as possible therapeutic strategies targeting these receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana P C Ribeiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José B A Custódio
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Armanda E Santos
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-354, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Baj G, Pinhero V, Vaghi V, Tongiorgi E. Signaling pathways controlling activity-dependent local translation of BDNF and their localization in dendritic arbors. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:2852-64. [PMID: 27270670 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.177626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is encoded by multiple mRNA variants whose differential subcellular distribution constitutes a 'spatial code' for local translation of BDNF and selective morphological remodeling of dendrites. Here, we investigated where BDNF translation takes place and what are the signaling pathways involved. Cultured hippocampal neurons treated with KCl showed increased BDNF in the soma, proximal and distal dendrites, even in quaternary branches. This activity-dependent increase of BDNF was abolished by cycloheximide, suggesting local translation, and required activation of glutamate and Trk receptors. Our data showed that BDNF translation was regulated by multiple signaling cascades including RAS-Erk and mTOR pathways, and CaMKII-CPEB1, Aurora-A-CPEB1 and Src-ZBP1 pathways. Aurora-A, CPEB1, ZBP1 (also known as IGF2BP1), eiF4E, S6 (also known as rpS6) were present throughout the dendritic arbor. Neuronal activity increased the levels of Aurora-A, CPEB1 and ZBP1 in distal dendrites whereas those of eiF4E and S6 were unaffected. BDNF-6, the main dendritic BDNF transcript, was translated in the same subcellular domains and in response to the same pathways as total BDNF. In conclusion, we identified the signaling cascades controlling BDNF translation and we describe how the translational machinery localization is modulated in response to electrical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Baj
- Department of Life Sciences, B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Vera Pinhero
- Department of Life Sciences, B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Valentina Vaghi
- Department of Life Sciences, B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Enrico Tongiorgi
- Department of Life Sciences, B.R.A.I.N. Centre for Neuroscience, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ionotropic Receptors Identified within the Tentacle of the Freshwater Snail Biomphalaria glabrata, an Intermediate Host of Schistosoma mansoni. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156380. [PMID: 27253696 PMCID: PMC4890853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomphalaria glabrata (B. glabrata) is an air-breathing aquatic mollusc found in freshwater habitats across the Western Hemisphere. It is most well-known for its recognized capacity to act as a major intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni, the human blood fluke parasite. Ionotropic receptors (IRs), a variant family of the ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR), have an evolutionary ancient function in detecting odors to initiate chemosensory signaling. In this study, we applied an array of methods towards the goal of identifying IR-like family members in B. glabrata, ultimately revealing two types, the iGluR and IR. Sequence alignment showed that three ligand-binding residues are conserved in most Biomphalaria iGluR sequences, while the IRs did exhibit a variable pattern, lacking some or all known glutamate-interactingresidues, supporting their distinct classification from the iGluRs. We show that B. glabrata contains 7 putative IRs, some of which are expressed within its chemosensory organs. To further investigate a role for the more ancient IR25a type in chemoreception, we tested its spatial distribution pattern within the snail cephalic tentacle by in situ hybridization. The presence of IR25a within presumptive sensory neurons supports a role for this receptor in olfactory processing, contributing to our understanding of the molecular pathways that are involved in Biomphalaria olfactory processing.
Collapse
|
32
|
Curcumin Protects Neurons from Glutamate-Induced Excitotoxicity by Membrane Anchored AKAP79-PKA Interaction Network. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:706207. [PMID: 26170881 PMCID: PMC4478437 DOI: 10.1155/2015/706207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Now stimulation of AMPA receptor as well as its downstream pathways is considered as potential central mediators in antidepressant mechanisms. As a signal integrator which binds to AMPA receptor, A-kinase anchoring protein 79-(AKAP79-) PKA complex is regarded as a potential drug target to exert neuroprotective effects. A well-tolerated and multitarget drug curcumin has been confirmed to exert antidepressant-like effects. To explore whether AKAP79-PKA complex is involved in curcumin-mediated antiexcitotoxicity, we detected calcium signaling, subcellular location of AKAP79-PKA complex, phosphorylation of glutamate receptor, and ERK and AKT cascades. In this study, we found that curcumin protected neurons from glutamate insult by reducing Ca2+ influx and blocking the translocation of AKAP79 from cytomembrane to cytoplasm. In parallel, curcumin enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPA receptor and its downstream pathways in PKA-dependent manner. If we pretreated cells with PKA anchoring inhibitor Ht31 to disassociate PKA from AKAP79, no neuroprotective effects were observed. In conclusion, our results show that AKAP79-anchored PKA facilitated the signal relay from AMPA receptor to AKT and ERK cascades, which may be crucial for curcumin-mediated antiexcitotoxicity.
Collapse
|
33
|
Park YH, Mueller BH, McGrady NR, Ma HY, Yorio T. AMPA receptor desensitization is the determinant of AMPA receptor mediated excitotoxicity in purified retinal ganglion cells. Exp Eye Res 2015; 132:136-50. [PMID: 25643624 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGLuR) have been hypothesized to play a role in neuronal pathogenesis by mediating excitotoxic death. Previous studies on iGluR in the retina have focused on two broad classes of receptors: NMDA and non-NMDA receptors including the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic receptor (AMPAR) and kainate receptor. In this study, we examined the role of receptor desensitization on the specific excitotoxic effects of AMPAR activation on primary retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Purified rat RGCs were isolated from postnatal day 4-7 Sprague-Dawley rats. Calcium imaging was used to identify the functionality of the AMPARs and selectivity of the s-AMPA agonist. Phosphorylated CREB and ERK1/2 expression were performed following s-AMPA treatment. s-AMPA excitotoxicity was determined by JC-1 mitochondrial membrane depolarization assay, caspase 3/7 luciferase activity assay, immunoblot analysis for α-fodrin, and Live (calcein AM)/Dead (ethidium homodimer-1) assay. RGC cultures of 98% purity, lacking Iba1 and GFAP expression were used for the present studies. Isolated prenatal RGCs expressed calcium permeable AMPAR and s-AMPA (100 μM) treatment of cultured RGCs significantly increased phosphorylation of CREB but not that of ERK1/2. A prolonged (6 h) AMPAR activation in purified RGCs using s-AMPA (100 μM) did not depolarize the RGC mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, treatment of cultured RGCs with s-AMPA, both in the presence and absence of trophic factors (BDNF and CNTF), did not increase caspase 3/7 activities or the cleavage of α-fodrin (neuronal apoptosis marker), as compared to untreated controls. Lastly, a significant increase in cell survival of RGCs was observed after s-AMPA treatment as compared to control untreated RGCs. However, preventing the desensitization of AMPAR with the treatment with either kainic acid (100 μM) or the combination of s-AMPA and cyclothiazide (50 μM) significantly reduced cell survivability. Activation of the AMPAR in RGCs does not appear to activate a signaling cascade to apoptosis, suggesting that RGCs in vitro are not susceptible to AMPA excitotoxicity as previously hypothesized. Conversely, preventing AMPAR desensitization through differential agonist activation caused AMPAR mediated excitotoxicity. Activation of the AMPAR in increasing CREB phosphorylation was dependent on the presence of calcium, which may help explain this action in increasing RGC survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong H Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
| | - Brett H Mueller
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Nolan R McGrady
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Hai-Ying Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Yorio
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA; North Texas Eye Research Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gafford G, Jasnow AM, Ressler KJ. Grin1 receptor deletion within CRF neurons enhances fear memory. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111009. [PMID: 25340785 PMCID: PMC4207780 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) dysregulation is implicated in mood and anxiety disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). CRF is expressed in areas engaged in fear and anxiety processing including the central amygdala (CeA). Complicating our ability to study the contribution of CRF-containing neurons to fear and anxiety behavior is the wide variety of cell types in which CRF is expressed. To manipulate specific subpopulations of CRF containing neurons, our lab has developed a mouse with a Cre recombinase gene driven by a CRF promoter (CRFp3.0Cre) (Martin et al., 2010). In these studies, mice that have the gene that encodes NR1 (Grin1) flanked by loxP sites (floxed) were crossed with our previously developed CRFp3.0Cre mouse to selectively disrupt Grin1 within CRF containing neurons (Cre+/fGrin1+). We find that disruption of Grin1 in CRF neurons did not affect baseline levels of anxiety, locomotion, pain sensitivity or exploration of a novel object. However, baseline expression of Grin1 was decreased in Cre+/fGrin1+ mice as measured by RTPCR. Cre+/fGrin1+ mice showed enhanced auditory fear acquisition and retention without showing any significant effect on fear extinction. We measured Gria1, the gene that encodes AMPAR1 and the CREB activator Creb1 in the amygdala of Cre+/fGrin1+ mice after fear conditioning. Both Gria1 and Creb1 were enhanced in the amygdala after training. To determine if the Grin1-expressing CRF neurons within the CeA are responsible for the enhancement of fear memory in adults, we infused a lentivirus with Cre driven by a CRF promoter (LV pCRF-Cre/fGrin1+) into the CeA of floxed Grin1 mice. Cre driven deletion of Grin1 specifically within CRF expressing cells in the CeA also resulted in enhanced fear memory acquisition and retention. Altogether, these findings suggest that selective disruption of Grin1 within CeA CRF neurons strongly enhances fear memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgette Gafford
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Aaron M. Jasnow
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kerry J. Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kim CH, Park SH, Sim YB, Kim SS, Kim SJ, Lim SM, Jung JS, Suh HW. Effect of tolbutamide, glyburide and glipizide administered supraspinally on CA3 hippocampal neuronal cell death and hyperglycemia induced by kainic acid in mice. Brain Res 2014; 1564:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
36
|
Hoey SE, Buonocore F, Cox CJ, Hammond VJ, Perkinton MS, Williams RJ. AMPA receptor activation promotes non-amyloidogenic amyloid precursor protein processing and suppresses neuronal amyloid-β production. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78155. [PMID: 24205136 PMCID: PMC3813448 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble oligomeric amyloid β peptide (Aβ) generated from processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and through actions at glutamatergic synapses affects excitability and plasticity. The physiological control of APP processing is not fully understood but stimulation of synaptic NMDA receptors (NMDAR) can suppress Aβ levels through an ERK-dependent increase in α-secretase activity. AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPAR) couple to ERK phosphorylation independently of NMDAR activation raising the possibility that stimulation of AMPAR might similarly promote non-amyloidogenic APP processing. We have tested this hypothesis by investigating whether AMPAR directly regulate APP processing in cultured mouse cortical neurons, by analyzing APP C-terminal fragments (CTFs), soluble APP (sAPP), Aβ levels, and cleavage of an APP-GAL4 reporter protein. We report that direct stimulation of AMPAR increases non-amyloidogenic α-secretase-mediated APP processing and inhibits Aβ production. Processing was blocked by the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor TAPI-1 but was only partially dependent on Ca2+ influx and ERK activity. AMPAR can therefore, be added to the repertoire of receptors that couple to non-amyloidogenic APP processing at glutamatergic synapses and thus pharmacological targeting of AMPAR could potentially influence the development and progression of Aβ pathology in AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Hoey
- King's College London, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, London, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Buonocore
- King's College London, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, London, United Kingdom
| | - Carla J. Cox
- University of Bath, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria J. Hammond
- University of Bath, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Michael S. Perkinton
- King's College London, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Williams
- King's College London, Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, London, United Kingdom
- University of Bath, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Bath, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
The role of Akt/FoxO3a in the protective effect of venlafaxine against corticosterone-induced cell death in PC12 cells. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2013; 228:129-41. [PMID: 23494228 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Antidepressants could exert neuroprotective effects against various insults and the antidepressant-like effect may result from its neuroprotective effects. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/Forkhead box O3 (PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a) pathway is a key signaling pathway in mediating cell survival. However, no information is available regarding the interaction of FoxO3a and antidepressants. OBJECTIVES PC12 cells treated with corticosterone were used as a model to study the protective effect of venlafaxine and underlying mechanisms. METHODS Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, Hoechst staining, and the observation of FoxO3a subcellular location were used to study the protective effect of venlafaxine against cell damage caused by corticosterone. Pretreatments with various pathway inhibitors were used to investigate the possible pathways involved in the protection of venlafaxine. The phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO3a was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS Corticosterone decreased the phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO3a and led to the nuclear localization of FoxO3a and the apoptosis of PC12 cells. Venlafaxine concentration-dependently protected PC12 cells against corticosterone. The protective effect of venlafaxine was reversed by LY294002 and wortmannin, two PI3K inhibitors, and Akt inhibitor VIII, whereas mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPK kinase) inhibitor PD98059 and the p38 MAPK inhibitor PD160316 had no effect. Western blot analyses showed that venlafaxine induced the phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO3a by the PI3K/Akt pathway and reversed the reduction of the phosphorylated Akt and FoxO3a, and the nuclear translocation of Foxo3a induced by corticosterone. CONCLUSIONS Venlafaxine protects PC12 cells against corticosterone-induced cell death by modulating the activity of the PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a pathway.
Collapse
|
38
|
Remus ML, Thiels E. Stimulus-specific and differential distribution of activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase in the nucleus accumbens core and shell during Pavlovian-instrumental transfer. Brain Struct Funct 2013; 218:913-27. [PMID: 22763576 PMCID: PMC3676472 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-012-0438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability of reward-predictive cues to potentiate reward-seeking behavior--a phenomenon termed Pavlovian--instrumental transfer (PIT)--depends on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Here, we utilized immunohistochemistry to investigate the subregional pattern of ERK activation during PIT, and the contribution of different elements in the PIT condition to the distribution of ERK signaling in the NAc of rats. We found that the occurrence of reward-seeking behavior (lever pressing) did not affect ERK activation in either the core or the shell of the NAc. In contrast, presentation of the reward-predictive cue (auditory conditioned stimulus) caused a significant increase in ERK activation in both subregions of the NAc, with the effect being slightly more robust in the core than the shell. Different from the pattern evoked by the reward-predictive cue, presentation of the reward itself (food pellets) had no effect on ERK activation in the core but caused a pronounced increase in ERK activation in the shell. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ERK signaling in the NAc during PIT involves both the core and the shell and is driven by the conditioned cue irrespective of whether the situation permits engagement in reward-seeking behavior. Furthermore, our results show that the subregional distribution of ERK signaling in the NAc evoked by rewards differs from that evoked by cues that predict them. The stimulus-specific differential pattern of ERK signaling described here may present the molecular complement to stimulus-specific increases in NAc cell firing reported previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merissa L Remus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
The nature of the olfactory receptor in crustaceans, a major group of arthropods, has remained elusive. We report that spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus, express ionotropic receptors (IRs), the insect chemosensory variants of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Unlike insects IRs, which are expressed in a specific subset of olfactory cells, two lobster IR subunits are expressed in most, if not all, lobster olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs), as confirmed by antibody labeling and in situ hybridization. Ligand-specific ORN responses visualized by calcium imaging are consistent with a restricted expression pattern found for other potential subunits, suggesting that cell-specific expression of uncommon IR subunits determines the ligand sensitivity of individual cells. IRs are the only type of olfactory receptor that we have detected in spiny lobster olfactory tissue, suggesting that they likely mediate olfactory signaling. Given long-standing evidence for G protein-mediated signaling in activation of lobster ORNs, this finding raises the interesting specter that IRs act in concert with second messenger-mediated signaling.
Collapse
|
40
|
Cystamine-tacrine dimer: a new multi-target-directed ligand as potential therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Neuropharmacology 2011; 62:997-1003. [PMID: 22032870 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 09/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, clinically characterized by loss of memory and progressive deficits in different cognitive domains. An emerging disease-modifying approach to face the multifactorial nature of AD may be represented by the development of Multi-Target Directed Ligands (MTDLs), i.e., single compounds which may simultaneously modulate different targets involved in the neurodegenerative AD cascade. The structure of tacrine, an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor (AChEI), has been widely used as scaffold to provide new MTDLs. In particular, its homodimer bis(7)tacrine represents an interesting lead compound to design novel MTDLs. Thus, in the search of new rationally designed MTDLs against AD, we replaced the heptamethylene linker of bis(7)tacrine with the structure of cystamine, leading to cystamine-tacrine dimer. In this study we demonstrated that the cystamine-tacrine dimer is endowed with a lower toxicity in comparison to bis(7)tacrine, it is able to inhibit AChE, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), self- and AChE-induced beta-amyloid aggregation in the same range of the reference compound and exerts a neuroprotective action on SH-SY5Y cell line against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative injury. The investigation of the mechanism of neuroprotection showed that the cystamine-tacrine dimer acts by activating kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and Akt/protein kinase B (PKB) pathways. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder'.
Collapse
|
41
|
Shiflett MW, Balleine BW. Molecular substrates of action control in cortico-striatal circuits. Prog Neurobiol 2011; 95:1-13. [PMID: 21704115 PMCID: PMC3175490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to describe the molecular mechanisms in the striatum that mediate reward-based learning and action control during instrumental conditioning. Experiments assessing the neural bases of instrumental conditioning have uncovered functional circuits in the striatum, including dorsal and ventral striatal sub-regions, involved in action-outcome learning, stimulus-response learning, and the motivational control of action by reward-associated cues. Integration of dopamine (DA) and glutamate neurotransmission within these striatal sub-regions is hypothesized to enable learning and action control through its role in shaping synaptic plasticity and cellular excitability. The extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) appears to be particularly important for reward-based learning and action control due to its sensitivity to combined DA and glutamate receptor activation and its involvement in a range of cellular functions. ERK activation in striatal neurons is proposed to have a dual role in both the learning and performance factors that contribute to instrumental conditioning through its regulation of plasticity-related transcription factors and its modulation of intrinsic cellular excitability. Furthermore, perturbation of ERK activation by drugs of abuse may give rise to behavioral disorders such as addiction.
Collapse
|
42
|
Lyons MR, West AE. Mechanisms of specificity in neuronal activity-regulated gene transcription. Prog Neurobiol 2011; 94:259-95. [PMID: 21620929 PMCID: PMC3134613 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The brain is a highly adaptable organ that is capable of converting sensory information into changes in neuronal function. This plasticity allows behavior to be accommodated to the environment, providing an important evolutionary advantage. Neurons convert environmental stimuli into long-lasting changes in their physiology in part through the synaptic activity-regulated transcription of new gene products. Since the neurotransmitter-dependent regulation of Fos transcription was first discovered nearly 25 years ago, a wealth of studies have enriched our understanding of the molecular pathways that mediate activity-regulated changes in gene transcription. These findings show that a broad range of signaling pathways and transcriptional regulators can be engaged by neuronal activity to sculpt complex programs of stimulus-regulated gene transcription. However, the shear scope of the transcriptional pathways engaged by neuronal activity raises the question of how specificity in the nature of the transcriptional response is achieved in order to encode physiologically relevant responses to divergent stimuli. Here we summarize the general paradigms by which neuronal activity regulates transcription while focusing on the molecular mechanisms that confer differential stimulus-, cell-type-, and developmental-specificity upon activity-regulated programs of neuronal gene transcription. In addition, we preview some of the new technologies that will advance our future understanding of the mechanisms and consequences of activity-regulated gene transcription in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R Lyons
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Turovskaya MV, Turovsky EA, Zinchenko VP, Levin SG, Shamsutdinova AA, Godukhin OV. Repeated brief episodes of hypoxia modulate the calcium responses of ionotropic glutamate receptors in hippocampal neurons. Neurosci Lett 2011; 496:11-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Revised: 03/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
44
|
Zhang Q, Shen M, Ding M, Shen D, Ding F. The neuroprotective action of pyrroloquinoline quinone against glutamate-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons is mediated through the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 252:62-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
45
|
Domercq M, Alberdi E, Sánchez-Gómez MV, Ariz U, Pérez-Samartín A, Matute C. Dual-specific phosphatase-6 (Dusp6) and ERK mediate AMPA receptor-induced oligodendrocyte death. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:11825-36. [PMID: 21300799 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.153049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS, are highly vulnerable to glutamate excitotoxicity, a mechanism involved in tissue damage in multiple sclerosis. Thus, understanding oligodendrocyte death at the molecular level is important to develop new therapeutic approaches to treat the disease. Here, using microarray analysis and quantitative PCR, we observed that dual-specific phosphatase-6 (Dusp6), an extracellular regulated kinase-specific phosphatase, is up-regulated in oligodendrocyte cultures as well as in optic nerves after AMPA receptor activation. In turn, Dusp6 is overexpressed in optic nerves from multiple sclerosis patients before the appearance of evident damage in this structure. We further analyzed the role of Dusp6 and ERK signaling in excitotoxic oligodendrocyte death and observed that AMPA receptor activation induces a rapid increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Blocking Dusp6 expression, which enhances ERK1/2 phosphorylation, significantly diminished AMPA receptor-induced oligodendrocyte death. In contrast, MAPK/ERK pathway inhibition with UO126 significantly potentiates excitotoxic oligodendrocyte death and increases cytochrome c release, mitochondrial depolarization, and mitochondrial calcium overload produced by AMPA receptor stimulation. Upstream analysis demonstrated that MAPK/ERK signaling alters AMPA receptor properties. Indeed, Dusp6 overexpression as well as incubation with UO126 produced an increase in AMPA receptor-induced inward currents and cytosolic calcium overload. Together, these data suggest that levels of phosphorylated ERK, controlled by Dusp6 phosphatase, regulate glutamate receptor permeability and oligodendroglial excitotoxicity. Therefore, targeting Dusp6 may be a useful strategy to prevent oligodendrocyte death in multiple sclerosis and other diseases involving CNS white matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Domercq
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universidad del País Vasco, Leioa, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Neuroprotective effects of KR-62980, a new PPARγ agonist, against chemical ischemia–reperfusion in SK-N-SH cells. Brain Res 2011; 1372:103-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
47
|
Metabotropic Actions of Kainate Receptors in the Control of GABA Release. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 717:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-9557-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
48
|
Pozzi L, Baviera M, Sacchetti G, Calcagno E, Balducci C, Invernizzi RW, Carli M. Attention deficit induced by blockade of N-methyl D-aspartate receptors in the prefrontal cortex is associated with enhanced glutamate release and cAMP response element binding protein phosphorylation: role of metabotropic glutamate receptors 2/3. Neuroscience 2010; 176:336-48. [PMID: 21193020 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 11/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis that attention deficits induced by the hypofunction of N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) might be associated with increased glutamate release and changes in the phosphorylation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein on serine 133 (p-S(133)CREB) was investigated in this study. Infusion of 50 ng/side 3-(R)-2-carboxypiperazin-4-propyl-1-phosphonic acid ((R)-CPP), a competitive glutamate NMDA receptor antagonist, into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats performing the five-choice serial reaction time (5-CSRT) task, reduced accuracy of visual discrimination (measured by % correct responses) and enhanced impulsivity (measured by the number of premature responses) and compulsivity (measured by the number of perseverative responses). The mGluR2/3 receptor agonist, LY379268, injected s.c. at 0.1 mg/kg, reduced (R)-CPP-induced impairment in attentional functioning (accuracy) and impulsivity but not compulsive perseveration. In parallel studies using microdialysis technique and Western blot analysis we found that (R)-CPP (100 μM) infused in the medial prefrontal cortex increased glutamate efflux whereas injected in the medial prefrontal cortex at a dose causing impairments in attentional performance (50 ng/side) increased p-S(133)CREB in the frontal cortex (FC), decreased it in the caudate-putamen (CPu) and was without effect in the nucleus accumbens (NAC). LY379268 at the dose effective in reducing (R)-CPP-induced behavioral deficit reduced both the (R)-CPP-induced rise in glutamate efflux in the prefrontal cortex and the increase in p-S(133)CREB in the frontal cortex but was without effect on the decrease in p-S(133)CREB in the caudate-putamen. The data provide evidence that enhanced glutamate release and phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) on serine 133 may be associated to attention deficit and loss of impulse control. Furthermore they suggest that mGluR2/3 agonists have a therapeutic potential for cognitive deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Pozzi
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Shiflett MW, Balleine BW. Contributions of ERK signaling in the striatum to instrumental learning and performance. Behav Brain Res 2010; 218:240-7. [PMID: 21147168 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2010.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The striatum is critical for learning and decision making; however, the molecular mechanisms that govern striatum function are not fully understood. The extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) cascade is an important signaling pathway that underlies synaptic plasticity, cellular excitability, learning and arousal. This review focuses on the role of ERK signaling in striatum function. ERK is activated in the striatum by coordinated dopamine and glutamate receptor signaling, where it underlies corticostriatal synaptic plasticity and influences striatal cell excitability. ERK activation in the dorsal striatum is necessary for action-outcome learning and performance of goal-directed actions. In the ventral striatum, ERK is necessary for the motivating effects of reward-associated stimuli on instrumental performance. Dysregulation of ERK signaling in the striatum by repeated drug exposure contributes to the development of addictive behavior. These results highlight the importance of ERK signaling in the striatum as a critical substrate for learning and as a regulator of ongoing behavior. Furthermore, they suggest that ERK may be a suitable target for therapeutics to treat disorders of learning and decision making that arise from compromised striatum function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Shiflett
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, 301 Smith Hall, 101 Warren St., Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hou DX, Kumamoto T. Flavonoids as protein kinase inhibitors for cancer chemoprevention: direct binding and molecular modeling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 13:691-719. [PMID: 20070239 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinases play crucial roles in the regulation of multiple cell signaling pathways and cellular functions. Deregulation of protein kinase function has been implicated in carcinogenesis. The inhibition of protein kinases has emerged as an important target for cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Accumulated data revealed that flavonoids exert chemopreventive effects through acting at protein kinase signaling pathways, more than as conventional hydrogen-donating antioxidants. Recent studies show that flavonoids can bind directly to some protein kinases, including Akt/protein kinase B (Akt/PKB), Fyn, Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (MEK1), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase 4 (MKK4), Raf1, and zeta chain-associated 70-kDa protein (ZAP-70) kinase, and then alter their phosphorylation state to regulate multiple cell signaling pathways in carcinogenesis processes. In this review, we report recent results on the interactions of flavonoids and protein kinases, especially their direct binding and molecular modeling. The data suggest that flavonoids act as protein kinase inhibitors for cancer chemoprevention that were thought previously as conventional hydrogen-donating antioxidant. Moreover, the molecular modeling data show some hints for creating natural compound-based protein kinase inhibitors for cancer chemoprevention and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Xing Hou
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|