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Wang S, Cheng Y, Liu L, Chen R, Li Y, Wang H, Zhang R. The Morphology and Ultrastructure of Dermal Telocytes Characterized by TEM and AFM. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01222-y. [PMID: 38300374 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01222-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
This investigation delves into the structural foundation of human dermal telocytes (TCs) with the aim of elucidating their role in signal transmission. Dermal TCs were isolated from human foreskins via enzymatic digestion and flow cytometric sorting, and identified by immunohistochemical staining with an antibody against CD34. The ultrastructure of TCs was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The proliferation rates of sorted TCs and CD34-negative fibroblasts were compared using the MTS assay (Cell Proliferation Assay). Images of viable cultured TCs were analyzed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) under normal atmospheric pressure and temperature. Results demonstrated that dermal TCs were positive for CD34 and vimentin, predominantly distributed in the reticular dermis and subcutaneous tissue, forming interwoven networks. Each TC had a small body with a high nuclear-plasma ratio and two or three extremely long and thin telopodes (TPs), exhibiting a typical 'moniliform' appearance. Compared with CD34-negative fibroblasts, dermal TCs exhibited significantly lower proliferation rates. Cultured TCs displayed typical moniliform projections (namely, TPs) in the AFM images. The distal ends of TPs were enlarged, shaped like a broom, and extended multiple pseudopods to contact other cell bodies. Slender filamentary pseudopodia and thick, short cone-like structures were observed on the surfaces of the dilated segments and terminals of TPs. These structures are assumed to be evidence of the secretion and release of endosomes, such as exosomes, and the communication between cells. TCs form interstitial networks in the reticular dermis and subcutaneous tissue, providing a structural basis for contacts between cells and the secretion of signal-carrying substances, involving intercellular connections and communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, 221009, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Renhe Chen
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Ruzhi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China.
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Zhang S, Sun L, Chen B, Lin S, Gu J, Tan L, Lin M. Telocytes protect against lung tissue fibrosis through hexokinase 2-dependent pathway by secreting hepatocyte growth factor. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:964-972. [PMID: 37715611 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is one of the common manifestations of end-stage lung disease. Chronic lung failure after lung transplantation is mainly caused by bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) and is mainly characterized by lung tissue fibrosis. Pulmonary epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is crucial for pulmonary fibrosis. Telocytes (TCs), a new type of mesenchymal cells, play a protective role in various acute injuries. For exploring the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect of TCs in the BOS model in vitro and the related mechanism, rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cells were treated with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) to simulate lung tissue fibrosis in vitro. The RTE cells were then co-cultured with TCs primarily extracted from rat lung tissue. Western blot, Seahorse XF Analysers and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect the level of EMT and aerobic respiration of RTE cells. Furthermore, anti-hepatocyte growth factor (anti-HGF) antibody was exogenously added to the cultured cells to explore further mechanisms. Moreover, hexokinase 2 (HK2) in RTE cells was knocked down to assess whether it influences the blocking effect of the anti-HGF antibody. TGF-β could induce lung tissue fibrosis in RTE cells in vitro. Nevertheless, TCs co-culture decreased the level of EMT, glucose metabolic indicators (lactate and ATP) and oxygen levels. Furthermore, TCs released hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Therefore, the exogenous addition of anti-HGF antibody in the co-culture system blocked the anti-lung tissue fibrosis effect. However, HK2 knockdown attenuated the blocking effect of the anti-HGF antibody. In conclusion, TCs can protect against lung tissue fibrosis by releasing HGF, a process dependent on HK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyuan Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai, China
| | - Linyi Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai, China
| | - Borong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Siyun Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijie Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital (Xiamen), Fudan University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai, China
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Apodaca G. Defining the molecular fingerprint of bladder and kidney fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F826-F856. [PMID: 37823192 PMCID: PMC10886799 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00284.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are integral to the organization and function of all organs and play critical roles in pathologies such as fibrosis; however, we have limited understanding of the fibroblasts that populate the bladder and kidney. In this review, I describe how transcriptomics is leading to a revolution in our understanding of fibroblast biology by defining the molecular fingerprint (i.e., transcriptome) of universal and specialized fibroblast types, revealing gene signatures that allows one to resolve fibroblasts from other mesenchymal cell types, and providing a new comprehension of the fibroblast lineage. In the kidney, transcriptomics is giving us new insights into the molecular fingerprint of kidney fibroblasts, including those for cortical fibroblasts, medullary fibroblasts, and erythropoietin (EPO)-producing Norn fibroblasts, as well as new information about the gene signatures of kidney myofibroblasts and the transition of kidney fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Transcriptomics has also revealed that the major cell type in the bladder interstitium is the fibroblast, and that multiple fibroblast types, each with their own molecular fingerprint, are found in the bladder wall. Interleaved throughout is a discussion of how transcriptomics can drive our future understanding of fibroblast identification, diversity, function, and their roles in bladder and kidney biology and physiology in health and in disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Apodaca
- Renal-Electrolyte Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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Emeish WFA, Abd-ElHafeez HH, Alghamdi AAA, Ahmed M, Khalifa MO, El-Mansi AA, Abou-Elhamd AS, Khormi MM, Alkashif K, Soliman SA. Morphological changes in intraepithelial and stromal telocytes in Cyprinus carpio in response to salinity stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19987. [PMID: 37968439 PMCID: PMC10651833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Telocytes establish connections and communicate with various types of cells and structures. Few experimental studies have been performed on telocytes. In this study, we investigated the effect of salinity stress on telocytes in relation to osmoregulatory, immune, and stem cells. After exposing the common carp to 0.2 (control), 6, 10, or 14 ppt salinity, we extracted and fixed gill samples in glutaraldehyde, processed and embedded the samples in resin, and prepared semi-thin and ultrathin sections. Two types of telocytes were identified: intraepithelial and stromal telocytes. Intraepithelial telocytes were found to form part of the cellular lining of the lymphatic space and shed secretory vesicles into this space. Stromal telocytes were observed to shed their secretory vesicles into the secondary circulatory vessels. Both intraepithelial and stromal telocytes were enlarged and exhibited increased secretory activities as salinity increased. They exerted their effects via direct contact and paracrine signaling. The following changes were observed in samples from fish exposed to high salinity levels: chloride cells underwent hypertrophy, and their mitochondria became cigar-shaped; pavement cells were enlarged, and their micro-ridges became thin and elongated; stromal telocytes established contact with stem cells and skeletal myoblasts; skeletal muscle cells underwent hypertrophy; and macrophages and rodlet cells increased in number. In conclusion, our findings indicate that intraepithelial and stromal telocytes respond to salinity stress by activating cellular signaling and that they play major roles in osmoregulation, immunity, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa F A Emeish
- Department of Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Abd-ElHafeez
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | | | - Madeha Ahmed
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohagt, 82524, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Osman Khalifa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
- Department of Molecular Bone Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan
| | - Ahmed A El-Mansi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa S Abou-Elhamd
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen M Khormi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alkashif
- Physiology Department, faculty of Medicine, Merit University, Sohage, Egypt
| | - Soha A Soliman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
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Babadag S, Çelebi-Saltik B. A cellular regulator of the niche: telocyte. Tissue Barriers 2023; 11:2131955. [PMID: 36218299 PMCID: PMC10606812 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2022.2131955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cells are present in the environment of stem cells in order to increase stem cell proliferation and differentiation and they are important to increase the efficiency of their transplantation. Telocytes (TCs) play an important role both in the preservation of tissue organ integrity and in the pathophysiology of many diseases, especially cancer. They make homo- or heterocellular contacts to form the structure of 3D network through their telopodes and deliver signaling molecules via a juxtacrine and/or paracrine association by budding shed vesicles into the vascular, nervous and endocrine systems. During this interaction, along with organelles, mRNA, microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and genomic DNA are transferred. This review article not only specifies the properties of TCs and their roles in the tissue organ microenvironment but also gives information about the factors that play a role in the transport of epigenetic information by TCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Babadag
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sihhiye, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Turkey
| | - Betül Çelebi-Saltik
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sihhiye, Turkey
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, Turkey
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Gulinac M, Velikova T, Dikov D. Multinucleated giant cells of bladder mucosa are modified telocytes: Diagnostic and immunohistochemistry algorithm and relation to PD-L1 expression score. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:6091-6104. [PMID: 37731584 PMCID: PMC10507540 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i26.6091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) in bladder carcinomas are poorly studied. AIM To describe the function, morphogenesis, and origin of mononuclear and MGCs in urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the bladder in Bulgarian and French patients. METHODS Urothelial bladder carcinomas (n = 104) from 2016-2020 were analyzed retrospectively using immunohistochemical (IHC) and histochemical stain examination. Giant cells in the bladder stroma were found in 35.6% of cases, more often in high-grades. RESULTS We confirm that MGCs in the mucosa in UC of the bladder were positive for both mesenchymal and myofibroblast markers (vimentin, smooth muscle actin, Desmin, and CD34) and the macrophage marker CD68. Furthermore, IHC studies revealed the following profile of these cells: Positive for p16; negative for epithelial (CK AE1/AE3 and GATA-3), vascular (CD31), neural (PS100 and C-KIT), cambial, blastic (CD34-blasts and C-KIT), and immune markers (IG G, immunoglobulin G4, and PD-L1); no proliferative activity, possess no specific immune function, and cannot be used to calculate the Combined Positive Score scale. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the giant stromal cells in non-tumor and tumor bladder can be used as a characteristic and relatively constant, although nonspecific, histological marker for chronic bladder damage, reflecting the chronic irritation or inflammation. Likewise, according to the morphological and IHC of the mono- and multinucleated giant cells in the bladder, they are most likely represent telocytes capable of adapting their morphology to the pathology of the organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Gulinac
- General and Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University, St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina Velikova
- Medical Faculty, Sofia University, St. Kliment Ohridski, Sofia 1407, Bulgaria
| | - Dorian Dikov
- Pathology, Grand Hospital de l’Este Francilien, Jossigny 1000, France
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Fu H, Liu X, Shi L, Wang L, Fang H, Wang X, Song D. Regulatory roles of Osteopontin in lung epithelial inflammation and epithelial-telocyte interaction. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1381. [PMID: 37605313 PMCID: PMC10442477 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung epithelial cells play important roles in lung inflammation and injury, although mechanisms remain unclear. Osteopontin (OPN) has essential roles in epithelial damage and repair and in lung cancer biological behaviours. Telocyte (TC) is a type of interstitial cell that interacts with epithelial cells to alleviate acute inflammation and lung injury. The present studies aim at exploring potential mechanisms by which OPN regulates the epithelial origin lung inflammation and the interaction of epithelial cells with TCs in acute and chronic lung injury. METHODS The lung disease specificity of OPN and epithelial inflammation were defined by bioinformatics. We evaluated the regulatory roles of OPN in OPN-knockdown or over-expressed bronchial epithelia (HBEs) challenged with cigarette smoke extracts (CSE) or in animals with genome OPN knockout (gKO) or lung conditional OPN knockout (cKO). Acute lung injury and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were induced by smoking or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Effects of OPN on PI3K subunits and ERK were assessed using the inhibitors. Spatialization and distribution of OPN, OPN-positive epithelial subtypes, and TCs were defined by spatial transcriptomics. The interaction between HBEs and TCs was assayed by the co-culture system. RESULTS Levels of OPN expression increased in smokers, smokers with COPD, and smokers with COPD and lung cancer, as compared with healthy nonsmokers. LPS and/or CSE induced over-production of cytokines from HBEs, dependent upon the dysfunction of OPN. The severity of lung inflammation and injury was significantly lower in OPN-gKO or OPN-cKO mice. HBEs transferred with OPN enhanced the expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)CA/p110α, PIK3CB/p110β, PIK3CD/p110δ, PIK3CG/p110γ, PIK3R1, PIK3R2 or PIK3R3. Spatial locations of OPN and OPN-positive epithelial subtypes showed the tight contact of airway epithelia and TCs. Epithelial OPN regulated the epithelial communication with TCs, and the down-regulation of OPN induced more alterations in transcriptomic profiles than the up-regulation. CONCLUSION Our data evidenced that OPN regulated lung epithelial inflammation, injury, and cell communication between epithelium and TCs in acute and chronic lung injury. The conditional control of lung epithelial OPN may be an alternative for preventing and treating epithelial-origin lung inflammation and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Fu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis & TherapyJinshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Xuanqi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Lingyan Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of AnesthesiologyZhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyShanghai Geriatric Medical CenterShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Center for Tumor Diagnosis & TherapyJinshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
| | - Dongli Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineZhongshan HospitalFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Clinical BioinformaticsShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary DiseasesShanghaiChina
- Department of Pulmonary MedicineShanghai Xuhui Central HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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8
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Yang D, Yuan L, Chen S, Zhang Y, Ma X, Xing Y, Song J. Morphological and histochemical identification of telocytes in adult yak epididymis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5295. [PMID: 37002252 PMCID: PMC10066225 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Telocytes (TCs) are a newly discovered type of mesenchymal cell that are closely related to the tissue's internal environment. The study aimed to investigate the morphological identification of TCs in the epididymis of adult yak and their role in the local microenvironment. In this study, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and western blotting were used to analyze the cell morphology of TCs. The results showed that there are two types of TCs in the epididymal stroma of yak by TEM; one type is distributed around the capillaries with full cell bodies, longer TPs, and a large number of secretory vesicles; the other is distributed outside the basement membrane with irregularly long, striped, large nuclei and short telopodes (TPs). In addition, these TCs formed complex TC cell networks through TPs with epididymal interstitial capillaries and basal fibroblasts. TCs often appear near the capillaries and basement membrane by special staining. The surface markers of TCs (CD34, vimentin, and CD117) were positively expressed in the epididymal stroma and epithelium by immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence co-expression of vimentin + CD34 and CD117 + CD34 was observed on the surface of TCs. The trends in the mRNA and protein expression of TCs surface markers revealed expression was highest in the caput epididymis. In summary, this is first report of TCs in the epididymis of yak, and two phenotypes of TCs were observed. The existence and distribution characteristics of TCs in the epididymis of plateau yaks provide important clues for further study of the adaptation to reproductive function in the plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Reproductive Regulation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ligang Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Reproductive Regulation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Shaoyu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproductive Physiology and Reproductive Regulation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yindi Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Juanjuan Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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9
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Ahmed AM, Hussein MR. Telocytes in Cutaneous Biology: A Reappraisal. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2023; 114:T229-T239. [PMID: 36690154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The telocytes (TCs) are novel interstitial cells that have been overlooked for a long time due to their histologic similarity to other stromal cells. TCs can be separated from the stromal cells based on their distinct immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular features. Functionally, TCs are involved in the tissue renewal, mechanical support, and immune modulation. These cells are also involved in the signal transduction either through their direct interactions with the neighboring cells or through the paracrine signaling via extracellular vesicles. TCs are damaged in several inflammatory and fibrotic conditions such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, hepatic fibrosis, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis. The transplantation of TCs in the damaged tissue can promote tissue regeneration. Therefore, enhancing tissue TCs either by their transplantation or by promoting their survival and growth using novel medications represents novel therapeutic strategy in the future. In this review, we addressed several aspects of TCs including their origin, distribution, morphologic features, and functions. We also discussed their involvement of the cutaneous TCs in the development various pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egipto
| | - M R Hussein
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egipto.
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10
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Ahmed AM, Hussein MR. Telocytes in Cutaneous Biology: A Reappraisal. Actas Dermosifiliogr 2023; 114:229-39. [PMID: 36332689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The telocytes (TCs) are novel interstitial cells that have been overlooked for a long time due to their histologic similarity to other stromal cells. TCs can be separated from the stromal cells based on their distinct immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular features. Functionally, TCs are involved in the tissue renewal, mechanical support, and immune modulation. These cells are also involved in the signal transduction either through their direct interactions with the neighboring cells or through the paracrine signaling via extracellular vesicles. TCs are damaged in several inflammatory and fibrotic conditions such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, hepatic fibrosis, psoriasis, and systemic sclerosis. The transplantation of TCs in the damaged tissue can promote tissue regeneration. Therefore, enhancing tissue TCs either by their transplantation or by promoting their survival and growth using novel medications represents novel therapeutic strategy in the future. In this review, we addressed several aspects of TCs including their origin, distribution, morphologic features, and functions. We also discussed their involvement of the cutaneous TCs in the development various pathologic conditions.
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11
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Soliman SA, Abd-Elhafeez HH, Abou-Elhamd AS, Kamel BM, Abdellah N, Mustafa FEZA. Role of Uterine Telocytes During Pregnancy. Microscopy and Microanalysis 2023; 29:283-302. [DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozac001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Endometrial remolding and angiogenesis are critical events that occur during pregnancy in order to establish uteroplacental vascular communication. This study investigated the role of uterine telocytes (TCs) in pregnancy. We analyzed the distribution of TCs and morphological changes in the endometrium of the gravid rabbit uterus at different stages of pregnancy: after ovulation, pre-implantation (day 7), post-implantation (days 8 and 9), and mid-pregnancy (day 14) and late (days 21–28) pregnancy. TCs gradually increased with the progression of pregnancy. They had distinctive telopodes (TPs) and podoms, with intranucleolar chromatin. The TCs established contact with decidual cells, growing a glandular epithelium, blood vessels, and immune cells, such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages. The TCs underwent morphological changes at the post-implantation phase. They acquired thick and voluminous TPs, formed an extensive three-dimensional (3D) labyrinth at mid-pregnancy, and exhibited irregular-shaped nuclei and a dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum at late pregnancy. They also acquired a convoluted contour-formed complex network. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed an extensive 3D network in the endometrium, forming a condensed sheath at late pregnancy. Transmission electron microscopy and SEM detected fenestrated TPs, and TCs were identified by CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression. TCs also expressed matrix metalloproteinase-9 and transforming growth factor beta-1. Results suggested that TCs might play an essential role in maternal placenta formation, especially decidualization, regulation of uterine gland development, and neovascularization of maternal uterine blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha A Soliman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University , Qena , Egypt
| | - Hanan H Abd-Elhafeez
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University , Assiut 71526 , Egypt
| | - Alaa S Abou-Elhamd
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University , Assiut 71526 , Egypt
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University , Jazan , Saudi Arabia
| | - Basma Mohamed Kamel
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City , Sadat City 32897 , Egypt
| | - Nada Abdellah
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University , Sohag 82524 , Egypt
| | - Fatma El-Zahraa A Mustafa
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University , Assiut 71526 , Egypt
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12
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Xu T, Zhang H, Zhu Z. Telocytes and endometriosis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 307:39-49. [PMID: 35668319 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis involving the presence and growth of glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity is a common, inflammatory, benign gynecologic disease. Nevertheless, no single theory can exactly account for the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Telocytes, a kind of novel mesenchymal cells, have been suggested to be crucial in promoting angiogenesis and increasing the activity of endometrial interstitial cells and inflammatory cells. Given above roles, telocytes may be considered as the possible pathogenesis of endometriosis. We reviewed the current literature on telocytes. The following aspects were considered: (A) the telocytes' typical characteristics, function, and morphological changes in endometriosis; (B) the potential role of telocytes in endometriosis by impacting the inflammation, invasion, and angiogenesis; (C) telocytes as the potential treatment options for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.128, Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Hongqi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhiling Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.128, Shenyang Road, Shanghai, 200090, China.
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13
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Mostafa H, Hussein MT, Abd‐Elnaeim M. Developmental events in the lung of the Japanese quail (
Coturnix coturnix japonica
): Morphological, histochemical and electron‐microscopic studies. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:3761-3776. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heba Mostafa
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt
| | - Manal T. Hussein
- Department of Cell and Tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abd‐Elnaeim
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University Assiut Egypt
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14
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Soliman SA, Sobh A, Ali LA, Abd-Elhafeez HH. Two distinctive types of telocytes in gills of fish: A light, immunohistochemical and ultra-structure study. Microsc Res Tech 2022; 85:3653-3663. [PMID: 35920019 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Telocytes (TCs) are a vital constituent of interstitial tissue. They contribute to regulating cell function in heterotypic connections via direct contact or paracrine singling. Few studies mentioned intraepithelial TCs; however, they have been identified with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this study, we investigated the intraepithelial and interstitial TCs using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and TEM. TCs can be identified by their distinctive telopodes (TPs), which consist of podoms and podomere, using TEM and immunohistochemical staining with CD34, CD117, and VEGF antibodies. Intraepithelial TCs established heterocontact with the lamellar capillary and interstitial TCs connected with the blood vessel in lamina propria. Intraepithelial TCs established direct contact with epithelial cells, which formed the lymph space while interstitial TCs connected with the secondary vascular vessels. The study provides evidence for TCs' heterocontact with lamellar blood capillaries, the blood vessels, chloride cells, and immune cells, such as rodlet cells and lymphocytes. In conclusion, TCs have a role in regulating respiratory activities, maintaining osmotic pressure, modulating the immune response, and conducting immunosurveillance. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: We investigated the intraepithelial and interstitial TCs using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and TEM. TCs can be identified by their distinctive telopodes (TPs), which consist of podoms and podomere, using TEM and immunohistochemical staining with CD34, CD117, and VEGF antibodies. Intraepithelial TCs established heterocontact with the lamellar capillary and interstitial TCs connected with the blood vessel in lamina propria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha A Soliman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Sobh
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jizan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lobna A Ali
- Cell Biology and Histochemistry, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Hanan H Abd-Elhafeez
- Department of cell and tissues, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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15
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Banciu DD, Crețoiu D, Crețoiu SM, Banciu A, Popa D, David R, Berghea-neamtu CS, Cipaian CR, Negrea MO, Gheonea M, Neamtu B. Telocytes’ Role in Modulating Gut Motility Function and Development: Medical Hypotheses and Literature Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7017. [PMID: 35806023 PMCID: PMC9267102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This review article explores the telocytes’ roles in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), presenting the mechanisms and hypotheses related to epithelial regeneration, progressive fibrosis, and dysmotility as a consequence of TCs’ reduced or absent number. Based on the presented mechanisms and hypotheses, we aim to provide a functional model to illustrate TCs’ possible roles in the normal and pathological functioning of the digestive tract. TCs are influenced by the compression of nearby blood vessels and the degree of fibrosis of the surrounding tissues and mediate these processes in response. The changes in intestinal tube vascularization induced by the movement of the food bowl, and the consequent pH changes that show an anisotropy in the thickness of the intestinal tube wall, have led to the identification of a pattern of intestinal tube development based on telocytes’ ability to communicate and modulate surrounding cell functions. In the construction of the theoretical model, given the predictable occurrence of colic in the infant, the two-layer arrangement of the nerve plexuses associated with the intestinal tube was considered to be incompletely adapted to the motility required with a diversified diet. There is resulting evidence of possible therapeutic targets for diseases associated with changes in local nerve tissue development.
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16
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Maldarine JS, Sanches BDA, Santos VA, Góes RM, Vilamaior PSL, Carvalho HF, Taboga SR. The complex role of telocytes in female prostate tumorigenesis in a rodent model. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1495-1509. [PMID: 35598087 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The prostate is not an organ exclusive to the male. It is also found in females of several species, including humans, in which part of the Skene gland is homologous to the male prostate. Evidence is accumulating that changes in the stroma are central to tumorigenesis. Equally, telocytes, a recently discovered type of interstitial cell, are essential for the maintenance of stromal organization. However, it is still uncertain whether there are telocytes in the female prostate and if they play a role in tumorigenesis. The present study used ultrastructural and immunofluorescence techniques to investigate the presence of telocytes in the prostate of Mongolian gerbil females, a rodent model that often has a functional prostate in females, as well as to assess the impact of a combination of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, testosterone, and estradiol on telocytes. The results point to the presence of telocytes in the female prostate in the perialveolar and interalveolar regions, and reveal that these cells are absent in regions of benign and premalignant lesions in the gland, in which the perialveolar smooth muscle is altered. Additionally, telocytes are also closely associated with infiltrated immune cells in the stroma. Our data suggest that telocytes are important for both the maintenance of smooth muscle and prostatic epithelium integrity, which indicates a protective role against the advancement of tumorigenesis. But telocytes are also associated with immune cells and a proinflammatory/proangiogenic role for these cells cannot be ruled out, implying that telocytes have a complex role in prostatic tumorigenesis in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S Maldarine
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno D A Sanches
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitória A Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane M Góes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia S L Vilamaior
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sebastião R Taboga
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Mohamedien D, Awad M. Pulmonary Guardians and Special Regulatory Devices in the Lung of Nile Monitor Lizard ( Varanus niloticus) with Special Attention to the Communication Between Telocyte, Pericyte, and Immune Cells. Microsc Microanal 2022; 28:281-287. [PMID: 34955118 DOI: 10.1017/s143192762101388x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Monitor lizards are acclimatized to a variety of environments. Most of the monitor species are terrestrial, although there are arboreal and semiaquatic monitors. Such accommodation requires unique cellular structure and regulatory devices in various organs, particularly their lungs. This study aimed to report the pulmonary guardians and special regulatory devices that may guard and promote the function of the lungs of the Nile monitor lizards (Varanus niloticus). Specially structured vessels were recorded in the pulmonary tissue involving atypical glomus vessels, vessels with variable wall thickness, and a venule with specialized internal elastic membrane. Moreover, numerous lung resident guardians could be identified including both alveolar and interstitial macrophages, dendritic cells, mast cells, and B- and T-lymphocytes. Pericytes were demonstrated surrounding the capillary endothelium with a characteristic direct hetero-cellular junction with telocytes. Telocytes established a microenvironment through an indirect hetero-cellular junction with the interstitial macrophage, dendritic cells, and pneumocyte type II. Collectively, these data indicate a significant role played by the specially structured vessels and the resident immune cells in guarding the pulmonary tissue of the Nile monitor lizards and promoting its function. Telocytes are suggested to play a key role in angiogenesis and cellular communication to promote the function of the immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Mohamedien
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena83523, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Awad
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena83523, Egypt
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18
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Tang L, Song D, Qi R, Zhu B, Wang X. Roles of pulmonary telocytes in airway epithelia to benefit experimental acute lung injury through production of telocyte-driven mediators and exosomes. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022:10.1007/s10565-021-09670-5. [PMID: 34978009 PMCID: PMC8720540 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09670-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Telocytes (TCs) are experimentally evidenced as an alternative of cell therapies for organ tissue injury and repair. The aims of the present studies are to explore direct roles of TCs and the roles of TC-derived exosomes in support of experimental acute lung injury (ALI) in vivo or in vitro. Materials and methods The roles of TCs in experimental ALI were firstly estimated. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) p110δ and α/δ/β isoform inhibitors were used in study dynamic alterations of bio-behaviors, and in expression of functional factors of TCs per se and TC-co-cultured airway epithelial cells during the activation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). TC-driven exosomes were furthermore characterized for intercellular communication by which activated or non-activated TCs interacted with epithelia.
Results Our results showed that TCs mainly prevented from lung tissue edema and hemorrhage and decreased the levels of VEGF-A and MMP9 induced by LPS. Treatment with CAL101 (PI3K p110δ inhibitor) and LY294002 (PI3Kα/δ/β inhibitor) could inhibit TC movement and differentiation and increase the number of dead TCs. The expression of Mtor, Hif1α, Vegf-a, or Mmp9 mRNA increased in TCs challenged with LPS, while Mtor, Hif1α, and Vegf-a even more increased after adding CAL101 or Mtor after adding LY. The rate of epithelial cell proliferation was higher in co-culture of human bronchial epithelial (HBE) and TCs than that in HBE alone under conditions with or without LPS challenge or when cells were treated with LPS and CAL101 or LY294002. The levels of mTOR, HIF1α, or VEGF-A significantly increased in mono-cultured or co-cultured cells, challenged with LPS as compared with those with vehicle. LPS-pretreated TC-derived exosomes upregulated the expression of AKT, p-AKT, HIF1α, and VEGF-A protein of HBE. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that intraperitoneal administration of TCs ameliorated the severity of lung tissue edema accompanied by elevated expression of VEGF-A. TCs could nourish airway epithelial cells through nutrients produced from TCs, increasing epithelial cell proliferation, and differentiation as well as cell sensitivity to LPS challenge and PI3K p110δ and α/δ/β inhibitors, partially through exosomes released from TCs. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10565-021-09670-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital; Institute for Clinical Science Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary Diseases Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongli Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital; Institute for Clinical Science Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary Diseases Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ruixue Qi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital; Institute for Clinical Science Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary Diseases Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Bijun Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital; Institute for Clinical Science Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary Diseases Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital; Institute for Clinical Science Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary Diseases Jinshan Hospital Centre for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Abstract
Telocytes (TCs), a distinct type of interstitial (stromal) cells, have been discovered in many organs of human and mammal animals. TCs, which have unique morphological characteristics and abundant paracrine substance, construct a three-dimensional (3D) interstitial network within the stromal compartment by homocellular and heterocellular communications which are important for tissue homeostasis and normal development. Fibrosis-related diseases remain a common but challenging problem in the field of medicine with unclear pathogenesis and limited therapeutic options. Recently, increasing evidences suggest that where TCs are morphologically or numerically destructed, many diseases continuously develop, finally lead to irreversible interstitial fibrosis. It is not difficult to find that TCs are associated with chronic inflammation and fibrosis. This review mainly discusses relationship between TCs and the occurrence of fibrosis in various diseases. We analyzed in detail the potential roles and speculated mechanisms of TCs in onset and progression of systemic fibrosis diseases, as well as providing the most up-to-date research on the current therapeutic roles of TCs and involved related pathways. Only through continuous research and exploration in the future can we uncover its magic veil and provide strategies for treatment of fibrosis-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-jiao Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R.
China
| | - Tian-quan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R.
China
| | - Xiao-jun Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, P.R.
China
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20
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Cucu I, Nicolescu MI. A Synopsis of Signaling Crosstalk of Pericytes and Endothelial Cells in Salivary Gland. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9120144. [PMID: 34940041 PMCID: PMC8700478 DOI: 10.3390/dj9120144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The salivary gland (SG) microvasculature constitutes a dynamic cellular organization instrumental to preserving tissue stability and homeostasis. The interplay between pericytes (PCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) culminates as a key ingredient that coordinates the development, maturation, and integrity of vessel building blocks. PCs, as a variety of mesenchymal stem cells, enthrall in the field of regenerative medicine, supporting the notion of regeneration and repair. PC-EC interconnections are pivotal in the kinetic and intricate process of angiogenesis during both embryological and post-natal development. The disruption of this complex interlinkage corresponds to SG pathogenesis, including inflammation, autoimmune disorders (Sjögren’s syndrome), and tumorigenesis. Here, we provided a global portrayal of major signaling pathways between PCs and ECs that cooperate to enhance vascular steadiness through the synergistic interchange. Additionally, we delineated how the crosstalk among molecular networks affiliate to contribute to a malignant context. Additionally, within SG microarchitecture, telocytes and myoepithelial cells assemble a labyrinthine companionship, which together with PCs appear to synchronize the regenerative potential of parenchymal constituents. By underscoring the intricacy of signaling cascades within cellular latticework, this review sketched a perceptive basis for target-selective drugs to safeguard SG function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Cucu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihnea Ioan Nicolescu
- Division of Histology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Laboratory of Radiobiology, “Victor Babeș” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
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21
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Rosa I, Romano E, Fioretto BS, Guasti D, Ibba-Manneschi L, Matucci-Cerinic M, Manetti M. Scleroderma-like Impairment in the Network of Telocytes/CD34 + Stromal Cells in the Experimental Mouse Model of Bleomycin-Induced Dermal Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12407. [PMID: 34830288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence accumulated over the past decade supports that telocytes (TCs)/CD34+ stromal cells represent an exclusive type of interstitial cells identifiable by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) or immunohistochemistry in various organs of the human body, including the skin. By means of their characteristic cellular extensions (telopodes), dermal TCs are arranged in networks intermingled with a multitude of neighboring cells and, hence, they are thought to contribute to skin homeostasis through both intercellular contacts and releasing extracellular vesicles. In this context, fibrotic skin lesions from patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma) appear to be characterized by a disruption of the dermal network of TCs, which has been ascribed to either cell degenerative processes or possible transformation into profibrotic myofibroblasts. In the present study, we utilized the well-established mouse model of bleomycin-induced scleroderma to gain further insights into the TC alterations found in cutaneous fibrosis. CD34 immunofluorescence revealed a severe impairment in the dermal network of TCs/CD34+ stromal cells in bleomycin-treated mice. CD31/CD34 double immunofluorescence confirmed that CD31-/CD34+ TC counts were greatly reduced in the skin of bleomycin-treated mice compared with control mice. Ultrastructural signs of TC injury were detected in the skin of bleomycin-treated mice by TEM. The analyses of skin samples from mice treated with bleomycin for different times by either TEM or double immunostaining and immunoblotting for the CD34/α-SMA antigens collectively suggested that, although a few TCs may transition to α-SMA+ myofibroblasts in the early disease stage, most of these cells rather undergo degeneration, and then are lost. Taken together, our data demonstrate that TC changes in the skin of bleomycin-treated mice mimic very closely those observed in human SSc skin, which makes this experimental model a suitable tool to (i) unravel the pathological mechanisms underlying TC damage and (ii) clarify the possible contribution of the TC loss to the development/progression of dermal fibrosis. In perspective, these findings may have important implications in the field of skin regenerative medicine.
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22
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Aschacher T, Schmidt K, Aschacher O, Eichmair E, Baranyi U, Winkler B, Grabenwoeger M, Spittler A, Enzmann F, Messner B, Riebandt J, Laufer G, Bergmann M, Ehrlich M. Telocytes in the human ascending aorta: Characterization and exosome-related KLF-4/VEGF-A expression. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:9697-9709. [PMID: 34562312 PMCID: PMC8505852 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Telocytes (TCs), a novel interstitial cell entity promoting tissue regeneration, have been described in various tissues. Their role in inter‐cellular signalling and tissue remodelling has been reported in almost all human tissues. This study hypothesizes that TC also contributes to tissue remodelling and regeneration of the human thoracic aorta (HTA). The understanding of tissue homeostasis and regenerative potential of the HTA is of high clinical interest as it plays a crucial role in pathogenesis from aortic dilatation to lethal dissection. Therefore, we obtained twenty‐five aortic specimens of heart donors during transplantation. The presence of TCs was detected in different layers of aortic tissue and characterized by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Further, we cultivated and isolated TCs in highly differentiated form identified by positive staining for CD34 and c‐kit. Aortic‐derived TC was characterized by the expression of PDGFR‐α, PDGFR‐β, CD29/integrin β‐1 and αSMA and the stem cell markers Nanog and KLF‐4. Moreover, TC exosomes were isolated and characterized for soluble angiogenic factors by Western blot. CD34+/c‐kit+ TCs shed exosomes containing the soluble factors VEGF‐A, KLF‐4 and PDGF‐A. In summary, TC occurs in the aortic wall. Correspondingly, exosomes, derived from aortic TCs, contain vasculogenesis‐relevant proteins. Understanding the regulation of TC‐mediated aortic remodelling may be a crucial step towards designing strategies to promote aortic repair and prevent adverse remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Aschacher
- Department of Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katy Schmidt
- Centre for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Olivia Aschacher
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Eichmair
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Baranyi
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Winkler
- Department of Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Grabenwoeger
- Department of Cardio-Vascular Surgery, Clinic Floridsdorf and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Cardio-Vascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Spittler
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Enzmann
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Messner
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Riebandt
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Guenther Laufer
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marek Ehrlich
- Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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23
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Díaz-Flores L, Gutiérrez R, García MP, González-Gómez M, Rodríguez-Rodriguez R, Hernández-León N, Díaz-Flores L, Carrasco JL. Cd34+ Stromal Cells/Telocytes in Normal and Pathological Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147342. [PMID: 34298962 PMCID: PMC8307573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied CD34+ stromal cells/telocytes (CD34+SCs/TCs) in pathologic skin, after briefly examining them in normal conditions. We confirm previous studies by other authors in the normal dermis regarding CD34+SC/TC characteristics and distribution around vessels, nerves and cutaneous annexes, highlighting their practical absence in the papillary dermis and presence in the bulge region of perifollicular groups of very small CD34+ stromal cells. In non-tumoral skin pathology, we studied examples of the principal histologic patterns in which CD34+SCs/TCs have (1) a fundamental pathophysiological role, including (a) fibrosing/sclerosing diseases, such as systemic sclerosis, with loss of CD34+SCs/TCs and presence of stromal cells co-expressing CD34 and αSMA, and (b) metabolic degenerative processes, including basophilic degeneration of collagen, with stromal cells/telocytes in close association with degenerative fibrils, and cutaneous myxoid cysts with spindle-shaped, stellate and bulky vacuolated CD34+ stromal cells, and (2) a secondary reactive role, encompassing dermatitis—e.g., interface (erythema multiforme), acantholytic (pemphigus, Hailey–Hailey disease), lichenoid (lichen planus), subepidermal vesicular (bullous pemphigoid), psoriasiform (psoriasis), granulomatous (granuloma annulare)—vasculitis (leukocytoclastic and lymphocytic vasculitis), folliculitis, perifolliculitis and inflammation of the sweat and sebaceous glands (perifolliculitis and rosacea) and infectious dermatitis (verruca vulgaris). In skin tumor and tumor-like conditions, we studied examples of those in which CD34+ stromal cells are (1) the neoplastic component (dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, sclerotic fibroma and solitary fibrous tumor), (2) a neoplastic component with varying presentation (fibroepithelial polyp and superficial myxofibrosarcoma) and (3) a reactive component in other tumor/tumor-like cell lines, such as those deriving from vessel periendothelial cells (myopericytoma), epithelial cells (trichoepithelioma, nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn and seborrheic keratosis), Merkel cells (Merkel cell carcinoma), melanocytes (dermal melanocytic nevi) and Schwann cells (neurofibroma and granular cell tumor).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Díaz-Flores
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.); (M.G.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (N.H.-L.); (L.D.-F.J.); (J.L.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-922-319-317; Fax: +34-922-319-279
| | - Ricardo Gutiérrez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.); (M.G.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (N.H.-L.); (L.D.-F.J.); (J.L.C.)
| | - Maria Pino García
- Department of Pathology, Eurofins Megalab–Hospiten Hospitals, 38100 Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Miriam González-Gómez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.); (M.G.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (N.H.-L.); (L.D.-F.J.); (J.L.C.)
| | - Rosa Rodríguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.); (M.G.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (N.H.-L.); (L.D.-F.J.); (J.L.C.)
| | - Nieves Hernández-León
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.); (M.G.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (N.H.-L.); (L.D.-F.J.); (J.L.C.)
| | - Lucio Díaz-Flores
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.); (M.G.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (N.H.-L.); (L.D.-F.J.); (J.L.C.)
| | - José Luís Carrasco
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain; (R.G.); (M.G.-G.); (R.R.-R.); (N.H.-L.); (L.D.-F.J.); (J.L.C.)
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Sanches BDA, Tamarindo GH, Maldarine JDS, Da Silva ADT, Dos Santos VA, Góes RM, Taboga SR, Carvalho HF. Telocytes of the male urogenital system: Interrelationships, possible functions, and pathological implications. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1613-1623. [PMID: 33856089 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The male urogenital system is composed of the reproductive system and the urinary tract; they have an interconnected embryonic development and share one of their anatomical components, the urethra. This system has a highly complex physiology deeply interconnected with the circulatory and nervous systems, as well as being capable of adapting to environmental variations; it also undergoes changes with aging and, in the case of the reproductive system, with seasonality. The stroma is an essential component in this physiological plasticity and its complexity has increased with the description in the last decade of a new cell type, the telocyte. Several studies have demonstrated the presence of telocytes in the organs of the male urogenital system and other systems; however, their exact function is not yet known. The present review addresses current knowledge about telocytes in the urogenital system in terms of their locations, interrelationships, possible functions and pathological implications. It has been found that telocytes in the urogenital system possibly have a leading role in stromal tissue organization/maintenance, in addition to participation in stem cell niches and an association with the immune system, as well as specific functions in the urogenital system, lipid synthesis in the testes, erythropoiesis in the kidneys and the micturition reflex in the bladder. There is also evidence that telocytes are involved in pathologies in the kidneys, urethra, bladder, prostate, and testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Domingos Azevedo Sanches
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Henrique Tamarindo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Dos Santos Maldarine
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alana Della Torre Da Silva
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitória Alário Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane Maira Góes
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sebastião Roberto Taboga
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
The current study investigated role of telocytes (TCs) in angiogenesis during embryonic development of quail using immunohistochemistry (IHC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The angiogenic apparatus consisted of TCs, endothelial cells, and macrophages. TCs were identified morphologically by their telopodes and podoms using TEM and SEM and immunohistochemically using CD34, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). TCs also expressed CD68. TCs formed a three-dimensional network and established direct contact with blood vessels, sprouting endothelial cells, and active macrophages, while exerting their effect through paracrine signaling. VEGF was also expressed by endothelial cells and macrophages. Matrix metalloproteinase–9 (MMP-9) was expressed by TCs, endothelial cells, and macrophages. In conclusion, the expression of VEGF by TCs, endothelial cells, and macrophages is required for the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells and vascular growth. The expression of MMP-9 by TCs, endothelial cells, and macrophages is essential for the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components during neoangiogenesis. Macrophages may facilitate phagocytosis and elimination of the degraded ECM components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha A Soliman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
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Zhang D, Song D, Shi L, Sun X, Zheng Y, Zeng Y, Wang X. Mechanisms of interactions between lung-origin telocytes and mesenchymal stem cells to treat experimental acute lung injury. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e231. [PMID: 33377639 PMCID: PMC7724099 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury is a serious form and major cause of patient death and still needs efficient therapies. The present study evidenced that co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and telocytes (TCs) improved the severity of experimental lung tissue inflammation, edema, and injury, where TCs increased MSCs migration into the lung and the capacity of MSCs proliferation and movement. Of molecular mechanisms, Osteopontin-dominant networks were active in MSCs and TCs, and might play supportive and nutrimental roles in the interaction between MSCs and TCs, especially activated TCs by lipopolysaccharide. The interaction between epidermal growth factor and its receptor from MSCs and TCs could play critical roles in communications between MSCs and TCs, responsible for MSCs proliferation and movement, especially after inflammatory activation. Our studies provide the evidence that TCs possess nutrimental and supportive roles in implanted MSCs, and co-transplantation of MSCs and TCs can be a new alternative in the therapy of acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhang
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dongli Song
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lin Shi
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoru Sun
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yonghua Zheng
- Department of Respiratory MedicineShanghai Jinshan Tinglin HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineClinical Center for Molecular Diagnosis and TherapyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityQuanzhouFujian ProvinceChina
| | - Xiangdong Wang
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical ScienceZhongshan HospitalShanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Abd-Elhafeez HH, Abdo W, Kamal BM, Soliman SA. Fish telocytes and their relation to rodlet cells in ruby-red-fin shark (rainbow shark) Epalzeorhynchos frenatum (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Sci Rep 2020; 10:18907. [PMID: 33144597 PMCID: PMC7641163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Telocytes comprise the major constituents of the supportive interstitial framework within the various organs. They form a 3D network between different types of stromal and non-stromal cells, which makes them distinctively vital. We have previously explored the origin of the peculiar rodlet cells, especially on their differential stages in aquatic species. The current study aimed at highlighting the relation of telocytes with different rodlet stages. Samples of fish, olfactory organs, and gills were processed for semi thin sections, transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. It was evident in the study that telocytes formed a 3D interstitial network, entrapping stem cells and differentiating rodlet cells, to establish direct contact with stem cells. Differentiated stem cells and rodlet progenitor cells, practically in the granular and transitional stages, also formed ultrastructure junctional modifications, by which nanostructures are formed to establish cell contact with telocytes. Telocytes in turn also connected with macrophage progenitor cells. Telocytes (TCs) expressed CD34, CD117, VEGF, and MMP-9. In conclusion, telocytes established direct contact with the stem and rodlet cells in various differential stages. Telocytes may vitally influence stem/progenitor cell differentiation, regulate rodlet cell function, and express MPP-9 that may regulate immune cells functions especially, including movement and migration ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan H Abd-Elhafeez
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Walied Abdo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Basma Mohamed Kamal
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt
| | - Soha A Soliman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
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Hussein MT, Abdel-Maksoud FM. Structural Investigation of Epididymal Microvasculature and Its Relation to Telocytes and Immune Cells in Camel. Microsc Microanal 2020; 26:1024-1034. [PMID: 32665042 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927620001786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The vascular and perivascular cells, including telocytes (TCs) and immune cells, play an important role in male fertility. The current study intended to describe in detail the microvascular structures harboring special regulatory devices in addition to the interstitial cellular components of the one-humped camel epididymis. The samples were collected from 10 clinically healthy mature camels (Camelus dromedarius). The distribution and characteristics of TCs, peripheral blood vessels of the epididymis, and immune cells were investigated using the light, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. Frequent occlusive or throttle arterioles were demonstrated in the epididymal interstitium and their tunica media consisted of glomus cells. In addition, some vein walls consisted of one or two layers of glomus cells. TCs, fibroblasts, muscle cells, and tunica media of the blood vessels, that present in the loose connective tissue surrounding the intertubular interstitium of camel epididymis, showed a positive reaction with vimentin. The endothelium of blood vessels and veins showed positive immunoreactivity for CD34 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Furthermore, VEGF, CD34, and S100 proteins were expressed in dendritic cells (DCs) as well as TCs. The current data suggest the involvement of DCs and TCs in angiogenesis and a possible role for the interstitial components in creating an appropriate milieu for the full maturation of sperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal T Hussein
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut71526, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut71526, Egypt
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Sanches BDA, Maldarine JDS, Tamarindo GH, Da Silva ADT, Lima MLD, Rahal P, Góes RM, Taboga SR, Carvalho HF. Explant culture: A relevant tool for the study of telocytes. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:2395-2408. [PMID: 32813303 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Telocytes are cells present in the stroma of various tissues including the prostate. The detection of telocytes is still very much dependent on obtaining ultrastructural data that show the presence of telopodes, which are cytoplasmic projections that alternate between dilated regions, the podoms, and thin segments, the podomers. These structures are the distinctive characteristics of the telocytes. Thus, in vitro assays are important for the study of telocytes, which are more easily identified in culture, which also enables the experimental manipulation of these cells. The isolation of telocytes per se does not allow the analysis of the behavior of these cells in relation to other cell types in a given organ. In this sense, in the prostate, explants could be a useful tool for the study of telocytes. The present study obtained prostatic explants and evaluated the influence of recombinant proteins, scattering factor (SCF) and stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), which could impact on the migration of CD34-positive cells. Telocytes migrate out of explants and SDF-1 stimulates the proliferation and formation of telocyte networks in vitro. Telocytes are not smooth muscle cell progenitors in the prostate; on the contrary, they are CD90- and CD44-negative cells and, hence, have limited progenitor capacity. The present study demonstrated that explants are useful tools to elucidate the nature of telocytes and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno D A Sanches
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana D S Maldarine
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme H Tamarindo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alana D T Da Silva
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria L D Lima
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Genome Studies, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Rahal
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Genome Studies, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rejane M Góes
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sebastião R Taboga
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Abd-Elhafeez HH, Abou-Elhamd AS, Soliman SA. Morphological and immunohistochemical phenotype of TCs in the intestinal bulb of Grass carp and their potential role in intestinal immunity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14039. [PMID: 32820212 PMCID: PMC7441181 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated telocytes (TCs) in the intestinal bulb of Grass carp using light microscopy (LM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). By LM, TCs were distinguished by the typical morphological features that had a cell body and telopodes using HE, toluidine blue, methylene blue, Marsland silver stain, Grimelius's silver nitrate, Giemsa, PAS, combined AB pH2,5/PAS, Crossmon's and Mallory triple trichrome, Van Gieson stains, Verhoeff's stain, Sudan black, osmic acid, performic acid with methylene blue and bromophenol blue. TCs were identified under the epithelium as an individual cell or formed a TCs sheath. They detected in the lamina propria, between muscle fibers, around the myenteric plexus and fibrous tissue. TCs acquired immunological features of endocrine cells that exhibited high affinity for silver stain, performic acid with methylene blue, Marsland stain, and immunohistochemical staining using chromogranin A. Sub epithelial TCs were closely related to the endocrine cells. TCs and their secretory activities were recognized using acridine orange. TCs were identified by IHC using CD34, CD117, S100-protein, desmin. TCs formed a3D network that established contact with macrophage, mast cells, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, smooth muscle fibers, fibroblast, Schwann cells and nerve fibers. In conclusion, the localization of TCs in relation to different types of immune cells indicated their potential role in the maintenance of intestinal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan H Abd-Elhafeez
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Alaa S Abou-Elhamd
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Soha A Soliman
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
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Butucescu M, Crăiţoiu Ş, Mogoantă L, Rusu MC, Iacov-crăiţoiu M, Stoenescu MD. The oral mucosa: Epithelial professional phagocytes, lymphatics, telocytes, and false telocytes. Ann Anat 2020; 229:151462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Rosa I, Marini M, Sgambati E, Ibba-Manneschi L, Manetti M. Telocytes and lymphatic endothelial cells: Two immunophenotypically distinct and spatially close cell entities. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151530. [PMID: 32115248 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Telocytes (TCs) have recently emerged as a peculiar type of stromal cells located in both perivascular and interstitial compartments of multiple anatomical sites in humans, other mammals and vertebrates. Pioneer electron microscopy studies have ultrastructurally defined TCs as "stromal cells with telopodes" (i.e. very long and thin cell processes with a moniliform morphology conferred by the irregular alternation of slender segments and small, bead-like, dilated portions), whereupon it has become apparent that TCs largely correspond to the CD34+ stromal/interstitial cells detectable by immunohistochemical assays. Besides CD34, TCs are also characterized by the expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)α. Interestingly, recent works recommended that lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) markers should be routinely assessed to discriminate with certainty TCs from LECs, because these two cell types may exhibit similar morphological traits, especially when initial lymphatics are sectioned longitudinally and appear as vascular profiles with no obvious lumen. Furthermore, it has been argued that lymphatic microvessels immunostained for the small mucin-type transmembrane glycoprotein podoplanin (PDPN), which is widely used as lymphatic endothelial marker, can be easily misidentified as TCs. Nevertheless, surprisingly these assumptions were not based on double tissue immunostaining for TC and LEC markers. Therefore, the present morphological study was undertaken to precisely investigate the mutual spatial organization and putative relationships of TCs and lymphatic vessels in tissues from different human organs. For this purpose, we carried out a series of double immunofluorescence analyses simultaneously detecting the CD34 or PDGFRα antigen and a marker of LECs, either PDPN or lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1). In the connective tissue compartment of different organs, TCs were CD34+/PDGFRα+/PDPN-/LYVE-1- while LECs were CD34-/PDGFRα-/PDPN+/LYVE-1+, thus representing two definitely distinct, though spatially close, cell entities. The arrangement of telopodes to intimately surround the abluminal side of LECs suggests a possible role of TCs in the regulation of lymphatic capillary functionality, which is worth investigating further.
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Wang L, Song D, Wei C, Chen C, Yang Y, Deng X, Gu J. Telocytes inhibited inflammatory factor expression and enhanced cell migration in LPS-induced skin wound healing models in vitro and in vivo. J Transl Med 2020; 18:60. [PMID: 32028987 PMCID: PMC7003342 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell proliferation and death are key components of wound healing and tissue repair. Telocytes (TCs) represent a newly discovered cell type that can protect tissue from acute injury via cell–cell communication with adjacent cells. The aim of this study was to use a mouse model of skin wound healing and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell injury to evaluate the effects of TCs on skin wound healing in vivo and in vitro. Material/methods Immunohistochemical staining was performed to evaluate the alteration of TCs in tissues from normal and chronic wound patients. Then, a male C57BL/6 mouse wound model of the back was established. The mice were divided randomly into three groups, and wound healing was estimated according to the wound healing rate and histology. An LPS-induced co-culture model of a mouse lung telocyte cell line (TCs) with human keratinocyte (HaCaT), human dermal microvascular endothelial cell (HDMEC) or murine fibroblast (L929) cell lines was established to analyse the effects of TCs on constitutive cell types of the skin. Cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis were examined, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory factors in HaCaT cells, HDMECs, and L929 cells were detected to study the mechanisms involved in TC protection in skin wounds. Results TCs were significantly increased in tissues from chronic wound patients compared with healthy controls. Wound healing was significantly improved in wound mouse models treated with exogenous TCs compared with LPS-induced models. TCs reversed the LPS-induced inhibition of HaCaT cells and HDMECs and reduced the LPS-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells and the death ratios of HDMECs and L929 cells. TCs reversed LPS-induced ROS in HDMECs and L929 cells and decreased inflammatory factor mRNA levels in HaCaT cells, HDMECs and L929 cells. Conclusions TCs reduce wound healing delay, and inflammatory responses caused by LPS might be mediated by inflammatory inhibition, thus restricting apoptosis and promoting migration of the main component cell types in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongli Song
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute for Clinical Science, Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Shanghai Engineering Research for AI Technology for Cardiopulmonary Diseases, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyuan Wei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwen Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Deng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Gu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
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Manetti M, Tani A, Rosa I, Chellini F, Squecco R, Idrizaj E, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Ibba-Manneschi L, Sassoli C. Morphological evidence for telocytes as stromal cells supporting satellite cell activation in eccentric contraction-induced skeletal muscle injury. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14515. [PMID: 31601891 PMCID: PMC6787026 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51078-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although telocytes (TCs) have been proposed to play a “nursing” role in resident satellite cell (SC)-mediated skeletal muscle regeneration, currently there is no evidence of TC-SC morpho-functional interaction following tissue injury. Hence, we explored the presence of TCs and their relationship with SCs in an ex vivo model of eccentric contraction (EC)-induced muscle damage. EC-injured muscles showed structural/ultrastructural alterations and changes in electrophysiological sarcolemnic properties. TCs were identified in control and EC-injured muscles by either confocal immunofluorescence (i.e. CD34+CD31− TCs) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In EC-injured muscles, an extended interstitial network of CD34+ TCs/telopodes was detected around activated SCs displaying Pax7+ and MyoD+ nuclei. TEM revealed that TCs invaded the SC niche passing with their telopodes through a fragmented basal lamina and contacting the underlying activated SCs. TC-SC interaction after injury was confirmed in vitro by culturing single endomysial sheath-covered myofibers and sprouting TCs and SCs. EC-damaged muscle-derived TCs showed increased expression of the recognized pro-myogenic vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and SCs from the same samples exhibited increased MyoD expression and greater tendency to fuse into myotubes. Here, we provide the essential groundwork for further investigation of TC-SC interactions in the setting of skeletal muscle injury and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Alessia Tani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Rosa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Flaminia Chellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Roberta Squecco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eglantina Idrizaj
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Zecchi-Orlandini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lidia Ibba-Manneschi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Sassoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Abstract
CD34, vimentin, and vascular endothelial growth factor immunohistochemical analysis and electron microscopic tools were employed to record the initial appearance of telocytes (TCs) and stage-by-stage variations in TC localizations in the developing rabbit lung. TCs could not be identified in the primitive embryonic lung until day 18 of gestation. In the pseudoglandular lung, CD34+ TCs had been recorded under the cartilage of the main bronchus, in the wall of large-sized pulmonary vessels and large epithelial tubes. In the canalicular phase, TCs could be demonstrated in the smooth muscle layer of the bronchioles including the terminal ones. The strength of CD34 immunoreactive signals had been amplified by age until the day of parturition. Ultrastructurally, TCs consisted of a tiny body and exceptionally long telopodes (Tps). The Tp consisted of alternating thin segments (podomers) and dilated ones (podoms). The Tp sometimes branched with a dichotomous pattern. TCs interconnected in a network either by homocellular junctions with neighboring TCs or by heterocellular junctions with smooth muscle cells and alveolar cells. Collectively, early detection of TCs in pulmonary vessels suggests a potential role for TCs in their angiogenesis. For the lung tissue, TCs seem to be involved in the regulation of lung histogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Awad
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Wafaa Gaber
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Dalia Ibrahim
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
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Rusu MC, Hostiuc S, Fildan AP, Tofolean DE. Critical Review: What Cell Types Are the Lung Telocytes? Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:1280-1292. [PMID: 31443120 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Telocytes (TCs) are stromal cells defined by peculiar long, thin, moniliform prolongations known as telopodes. When isolated, their morphology often lacks the specificity for the proper definition of a particular cell type. Recent studies have linked TCs with different functions and different cell lineages. Although some authors have studied pulmonary TCs, their research has important limitations that we will attempt to summarize in this article. We will focus our analysis on the following: the culture methods used to study them, the lack of proper discrimination of TCs from lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), whose ultrastructures are very similar, and the immune phenotype of TCs, which may appear in other cell types such as those related to the endothelial lineage or stem/progenitor cells. In conclusion, the cellular diagnosis of lung TCs should be considered with caution until properly designed studies can positively identify these cells and differentiate them from other cell types such as LECs and stem/progenitor cells. Anat Rec, 303:1280-1292, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugurel C Rusu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Hostiuc
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ariadna P Fildan
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constatnţa, Romania
| | - Doina E Tofolean
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanţa, Constatnţa, Romania
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Abstract
Since the first description of 'interstitial cells of Cajal' in the mammalian gut in 1911, scientists have found structurally similar cells, now termed telocytes, in numerous tissues throughout the body. These cells have recently sparked renewed interest, facilitated through the development of a molecular handle to genetically manipulate their function in tissue homeostasis and disease. In this Primer, we discuss the discovery of telocytes, their physical properties, distribution and function, focusing on recent developments in the functional analysis of Foxl1-positive telocytes in the intestinal stem cell niche, and, finally, the current challenges of studying telocytes as a distinct cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayano Kondo
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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38
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Li S, Shen X, He S. Expression of toll-like receptors and their regulatory roles in murine cardiac telocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5360-5368. [PMID: 31232516 PMCID: PMC6653320 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Telocytes, newly discovered in the last decade, are interstitial cells found in numerous organs, with multiple proposed potential biological functions. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in innate and adaptive immunity by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). However, it is still unknown whether telocytes express these innate receptors. We sought to determine the expression and role of TLRs in telocytes. In our study, we primarily detected TLR1-9 expression in telocytes. The proliferation, apoptosis and immunoregulatory activity of telocytes activated with or without TLR ligands were determined. Our results showed that purified telocytes expressed TLR2, TLR3 and TLR5. In particular, telocytes expressed high levels of TLR2 as observed using flow cytometry. When we stimulated telocytes with TLR2 or TLR3 agonists (Pam3CSK4, PolyI:C), iNOS expression was greatly increased after Pam3CSK4 treatment. Additionally, telocyte proliferation was reduced and cell apoptosis was increased after TLR agonist stimulation. A co-culture experiment showed that supernatant from telocytes pretreated with Pam3CSK4 inhibited T cell activation much more than that from untreated telocytes and this effect was mediated by iNOS. Overall, our results demonstrated TLR expression on telocytes for the first time and provided evidence of an immunoregulatory role of telocytes, indicating their clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinan Li
- Institute for Translation Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaokun Shen
- Institute for Translation Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Shaoheng He
- Institute for Translation Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
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Rusu MC, Hostiuc S. Critical review: Cardiac telocytes vs cardiac lymphatic endothelial cells. Ann Anat 2019; 222:40-54. [PMID: 30439414 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The study of cardiac interstitial Cajal-like cells (ICLCs) began in 2005 and continued until 2010, when these cells were renamed as telocytes (TCs). Since then, numerous papers on cardiac ICLCs and TCs have been published. However, in the initial descriptions upon which further research was based, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and initial lymphatics were not considered. No specific antibodies for LECs (such as podoplanin or LYVE-1) were used in cardiac TC studies, although ultrastructurally, LECs and TCs have similar morphological traits, including the lack of a basal lamina. When tissues are longitudinally cut, migrating LECs involved in adult lymphangiogenesis have an ICLC or TC morphology, both in light and transmission electron microscopy. In this paper, we present evidence that at least some cardiac TCs are actually LECs. Therefore, a clear-cut distinction should be made between TCs and LECs, at both the molecular and the ultrastructural levels, in order to avoid obtaining invalid data.
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40
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Marini M, Rosa I, Guasti D, Gacci M, Sgambati E, Ibba-Manneschi L, Manetti M. Reappraising the microscopic anatomy of human testis: identification of telocyte networks in the peritubular and intertubular stromal space. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14780. [PMID: 30283023 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Telocytes are a recently described stromal cell type widely distributed in various organs including the female and male reproductive systems. This study was aimed to investigate for the first time the existence, distribution and characteristics of telocytes in normal human testis by an integrated morphological approach (immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy). We found that telocytes displaying typical long and moniliform prolongations and coexpressing CD34 and PDGFRα formed networks in the outer layer of peritubular tissue and around Leydig cells and vessels in the intertubular stroma. Testicular telocytes were immunophenotypically negative for CD31, c-kit/CD117 as well as α-SMA, thus making them clearly distinguishable from myoid cells/myofibroblasts located in the inner layer of peritubular tissue. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of cells ultrastructurally identifiable as telocytes (i.e. cells with telopodes alternating podomers and podoms) in the aforementioned locations. Intercellular contacts between neighboring telocytes and telopodes were observed throughout the testicular stromal compartment. Telopodes intimately surrounded and often established close contacts with peritubular myoid cells/myofibroblasts, Leydig cells and vessels. Extracellular vesicles were also frequently detected near telopodes. In summary, we demonstrated that telocytes are a previously neglected stromal component of human testis with potential implications in tissue homeostasis deserving further investigation.
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41
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Hussein MM, Mokhtar DM. The roles of telocytes in lung development and angiogenesis: An immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, scanning electron microscopy and morphometrical study. Dev Biol 2018; 443:137-152. [PMID: 30227119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have been carried out to investigate the occurrence and distribution of telocytes (TCs) in many organs. However, their morphological development is still unclear. This study was performed to demonstrate the morphological development of TCs in rabbits' lung from fetal to postnatal life using light-, electron- microscopy, immunohistochemistry, morphometrical and statistical analysis. During the fetal life, these cells formed an extensive network of telopodes (Tps) which were in close contact with developing alveoli, bronchioles, stem cells and many other interstitial components. In addition, the TCs' number was significantly increased around the neocapillaries in fetal lung. In the fetal life, TCs were stellate in shape and characterized by large cell bodies and many short Tps that contained abundant rER, mitochondria, and ribosomes. By gradual increasing of ages, TCs were spindle in shape with two Tps contained a massive amount of secretory structures (exosomes, ectosomes, and multivesicular bodies). Moreover, TCs in postnatal lung showed a significant decrease in number and diameter of their cell bodies and a significant increase in the length of Tps compared with those in fetal life. The TCs contributed with pneumocytes and endothelium in the formation of air-blood barrier. The TCs' immunohistochemical profiles for CD34, vimentin, c-kit, connexin 43, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and neuron- specific enolase (NSE) differed between ages during the lung development. This study provided an evidence that TCs contributed to angiogenesis, the formation of the air-blood barrier, lung organization, and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Hussein
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Mokhtar
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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42
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the morphology, immune phenotype, and cytokine profiles between myocardial telocytes (TCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and explore the difference between those two types of interstitial cells. METHODS TCs and MSCs were cultured in vitro and cell morphology was observed with a light microscope. The expression levels of CD34, c-kit, and vimentin were detected by immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting in both TCs and MSCs. The related supernatant was collected and total of 49 cytokine profiles were detected by RayBio Mice Cytokine Antibody Array. Significantly different cytokines were further confirmed by ELISA. RESULTS TCs have small cellular body and very long prolongations and they were CD34+/c-kit+/vimentin+, whereas MSCs have no telopodes and they were CD34-/c-kit- /vimentin+. Cytokine profile analysis and ELISA showed that 19 of 49 cytokines were increased dramatically in the supernatant of TCs compared with those of MSCs. Moreover, 9 of 19 cytokines were increased 2-fold at least in the supernatant of TCs compared with those of MSCs. Of 49 cytokines, 30 exhibited no significant changes in the supernatant of TCs compared with those of MSCs. CONCLUSIONS Using various technologies, we identified that myocardial TCs and MSCs are significantly different in terms of cell structure and cytokine profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhong
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Xin Zhong and Yonghua Zheng contributed equally to this work
| | - Yonghua Zheng
- 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jinshan Tinglin Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Xin Zhong and Yonghua Zheng contributed equally to this work
| | - Hua Li
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,3 Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Steve Huang
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,3 Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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43
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Ma R, Wu P, Shi Q, Song D, Fang H. Telocytes promote VEGF expression and alleviate ventilator-induced lung injury in mice. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:817-825. [PMID: 29924305 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation (MV) is an important procedure for the treatment of patients with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome in a clinical setting; however, MV can lead to severe complications, including ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Telocytes (TCs) can promote tissue repair following injury in the heart, kidneys, and other organs. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TCs in VILI in mice and the associated mechanisms. By using in vivo studies in mice and in vitro studies in cells, we demonstrated that an airway injection of TCs can reduce the pulmonary inflammatory response and improve the lung function in mice with VILI and promote the proliferation of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. We also demonstrated that the impact of TCs on VILI repair might partially due to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted by TCs upon VILI stimulation, and that VEGF could induce the proliferation of hemangioendothelioma endothelial cells (EOMA). Collectively, our results revealed novel functions of TCs in VILA repair and shed light on the complications that are caused by MV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pinwen Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiqing Shi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongli Song
- Biomedical Research Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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44
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Rusu MC, Mănoiu VS, Creţoiu D, Creţoiu SM, Vrapciu AD. Stromal cells/telocytes and endothelial progenitors in the perivascular niches of the trigeminal ganglion. Ann Anat 2018; 218:141-155. [PMID: 29680777 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stromal cells/telocytes (SCs/TCs) were recently described in the human adult trigeminal ganglion (TG). As some markers are equally expressed in SCs/TCs and endothelial cells, we hypothesized that a subset of the TG SCs/TCs is in fact represented by endothelial progenitor cells of a myelomonocytic origin. This study aimed to evaluate whether the interstitial cells of the human adult TG correlate with the myelomonocytic lineage. We used primary antibodies for c-erbB2/HER-2, CD31, nestin, CD10, CD117/c-kit, von Willebrand factor (vWF), CD34, Stro-1, CD146, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), CD68, VEGFR-2 and cytokeratin 7 (CK7). The TG pial mesothelium and subpial vascular microstroma expressed c-erbB2/HER-2, CK7 and VEGFR-2. SCs/TCs neighbouring the neuronoglial units (NGUs) also expressed HER-2, which suggests a pial origin. These cells were also positive for CD10, CD31, CD34, CD68 and nestin. Endothelial cells expressed CD10, CD31, CD34, CD146, nestin and vWF. We also found vasculogenic networks with spindle-shaped and stellate endothelial progenitors expressing CD10, CD31, CD34, CD68, CD146 and VEGFR-2. Isolated mesenchymal stromal cells expressed Stro-1, CD146, CK7, c-kit and nestin. Pericytes expressed α-SMA and CD146. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we found endothelial-specific Weibel-Palade bodies in spindle-shaped stromal progenitors. Our study supports the hypothesis that an intrinsic vasculogenic niche potentially involved in microvascular maintenance and repair might be present in the human adult trigeminal ganglion and that it might be supplied by either the pial mesothelium or the bone marrow niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Rusu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; MEDCENTER - Center of Excellence in Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Romania.
| | - V S Mănoiu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - D Creţoiu
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Department 2 Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S M Creţoiu
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Histology, Department 2 Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A D Vrapciu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Rusu MC, Mogoantă L, Pop F, Dobra MA. Molecular phenotypes of the human kidney: Myoid stromal cells/telocytes and myoepithelial cells. Ann Anat 2018; 218:95-104. [PMID: 29660398 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The connective stromal and epithelial compartments of the kidney have regenerative potential and phenotypic flexibility. A few studies have shown that cells appertaining to both compartments can exhibit myoid phenotypes. The purpose of our study was to investigate the myoid pattern of kidney and its association with the kidney niches containing stromal cells/telocytes (SC/TCs). We performed an immunohistochemical study using a panel of endothelial, myoid, mesenchymal and stem/progenitor markers, namely CD31, CD34, CD105 (endoglin), CD117/c-kit, nestin, desmin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and the heavy chain of smooth muscle myosin (SMM). We used histologically normal kidney samples, obtained after nephrectomy, from nine adult patients. The capsular SC/TCs had a strong CD34 and partial nestin and CD105 immunopositivity. Subcapsular and interstitial SC/TCs expressed c-kit, nestin, CD105, but also α-SMA and SMM, therefore having a myoid phenotype. The endothelial SC/TCs phenotype was CD31+/CD34+/CD105+/nestin±/SMM±/α-SMA±. All three myoid markers were expressed in periendothelial SC/TCs. We also found a scarce expression of nestin in parietal epithelial cells of Bowman's capsule, and in podocytes. In epithelial cells, we found a positive expression for CD31, CD117/c-kit, desmin, CD34, SMM, and CD105. In epithelial tubular cells, we found a predominant basal expression of the myoid markers (SMM and desmin). In conclusion, myoepithelial tubular cells, myoid endothelial cells and myoid SC/TCs are normal constituents of the kidney.
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46
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Hostiuc S, Marinescu M, Costescu M, Aluaș M, Negoi I. Cardiac telocytes. From basic science to cardiac diseases. II. Acute myocardial infarction. Ann Anat 2018; 218:18-27. [PMID: 29604385 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the scientific evidence regarding a potential role of telocytes in myocardial infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS To this purpose, we performed a systematic review of relevant scientific literature, indexed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS We found six articles containing relevant studies aimed at liking myocardial infarction and telocytes. The studies that were analysed in this review failed to show, beyond a reasonable doubt, that telocytes do actually have significant roles in myocardial regeneration after myocardial infarction. The main issues to be addressed in future studies are a correct characterization of telocytes, and a differentiation from other cell types that either have similar morphologies (using electron microscopy) or similar immunophenotypes, with emphasis on endothelial progenitors, which were previously shown to have similar morphology, and functions in cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorin Hostiuc
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mihai Marinescu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea Costescu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Aluaș
- Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ionut Negoi
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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47
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Rosa I, Marini M, Guasti D, Ibba-Manneschi L, Manetti M. Morphological evidence of telocytes in human synovium. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3581. [PMID: 29483562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A new cell type named telocyte (i.e. cell with distinctive prolongations called telopodes) has recently been identified in the stroma of various organs in humans. However, no study has yet reported the existence of telocytes in the synovial membrane of diarthrodial joints. This work was therefore undertaken to search for telocytes in the normal human synovium using transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Ultrastructural analyses demonstrated the presence of numerous spindle-shaped telocytes in the whole synovial sublining layer. Synovial telocytes exhibited very long and thin moniliform telopodes and were particularly concentrated at the boundary between the lining and sublining layers and around blood vessels. Light microscopy confirmed the presence of CD34-positive telocytes in the aforementioned locations. Moreover, synovial telocytes coexpressed CD34 and platelet-derived growth factor receptor α. Double immunostaining further allowed to unequivocally differentiate synovial telocytes (CD34-positive/CD31-negative) from vascular endothelial cells (CD34-positive/CD31-positive). The in vitro examination of fibroblast-like synoviocyte primary cultures revealed the coexistence of different cell types, including CD34-positive telocytes projecting typical moniliform telopodes. In conclusion, our work provides the first evidence that telocytes do exist in the human synovium and lays the groundwork for future studies on synovial telocytes in a variety of degenerative and destructive joint diseases.
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48
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Nizyaeva NV, Sukhacheva TV, Serov RA, Kulikova GV, Nagovitsyna MN, Kan NE, Tyutyunnik VL, Pavlovich SV, Poltavtseva RA, Yarotskaya EL, Shchegolev AI, Sukhikh GT. Ultrastructural and Immunohistochemical Features of Telocytes in Placental Villi in Preeclampsia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3453. [PMID: 29472628 PMCID: PMC5823867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21492-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A new cell type, interstitial Cajal-like cell (ICLC), was recently described in different organs. The name was recently changed to telocytes (TCs), and their typical thin, long processes have been named telopodes (Tp). TCs regulate the contractile activity of smooth muscle cells and play a role in regulating vessel contractions. Although the placenta is not an innervated organ, we believe that TCs are present in the placenta. We studied placenta samples from physiological pregnancies and in different variants of preeclampsia (PE). We examined these samples using light microscopy of semi-thin sections, transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical examination was performed with primary antibodies to CD34, CD117, SMA, and vimentin, and TMEM16a (DOG-1), the latter was used for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) consisting of TCs. We have identified a heterogenetic population of ТСs in term placentas, as these cell types differed in their localization, immunophenotype and ultrastructural characteristics. We assume TMEM16a could be used as the marker for identification of TCs. In PE we have revealed telocyte-like cells with ultrastructural signs of fibrocytes (significant process thickening and the granular endoplasmic reticulum content was increased) and a loss of TMEM16a immunohistochemical staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Nizyaeva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
| | - Tatiana V Sukhacheva
- A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Roman A Serov
- A.N. Bakulev National Medical Research Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Galina V Kulikova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Marina N Nagovitsyna
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Natalia E Kan
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Victor L Tyutyunnik
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Stanislav V Pavlovich
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 121552, Russia
| | - Rimma A Poltavtseva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Ekaterina L Yarotskaya
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Aleksandr I Shchegolev
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Gennadiy T Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, 117997, Russia.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 121552, Russia
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Steiner C, Gevaert T, Ganzer R, De Ridder D, Neuhaus J. Comparative immunohistochemical characterization of interstitial cells in the urinary bladder of human, guinea pig and pig. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 149:491-501. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Dobra MA, Vrapciu AD, Pop F, Petre N, Rusu MC. The molecular phenotypes of ureteral telocytes are layer-specific. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:41-45. [PMID: 29153593 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Telocytes (TC) are the delicate interstitial (stromal) cells defined by their long, thin and moniliform processes termed telopodes. Numerous studies determined that different subsets of telocytes populate almost all tissues and attempted to relate these subsets to various functions, from cell signaling to tissue repair and regeneration. Extremely few studies addressed the urinary tract though few data on the molecular pattern of the urinary TCs actually exist. We therefore hypothesized that subsets of urinary TCs co-localize within the human ureter and we aimed at performing an immunohistochemical study to evaluate the tissue-specific molecular pattern of TCs. On sample tissues of proximal ureter drawn from ten human adult patients during surgery were applied primary antibodies against CD34, CD105, von Willebrand Factor, the heavy chain of smooth muscle myosin (SMM) and c-erbB-2. The molecular pattern indicated three different subsets of ureteral TCs which are neither endothelial nor epithelial in nature: (a) type I: the CD34-/CD105+ TCs of the superficial layer of lamina propria; (b) type II: the CD34+/CD105± myoid TCs of the deep layer of lamina propria and (c) type III: the CD34+/CD105+ perivascular TCs. Although apparently different, all these subsets of TCs could belong to the stem/progenitor niche of the ureter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Dobra
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - A D Vrapciu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - F Pop
- MEDCENTER - Center of Excellence in Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | - N Petre
- "Carol Davila" Clinical Hospital of Nephrology, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M C Rusu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; MEDCENTER - Center of Excellence in Laboratory Medicine and Pathology.
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