4951
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Costa ICP, Sampaio RS, Souza FACD, Dias TKC, Costa BHS, Chaves EDCL. SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION IN ONLINE JOURNALS ABOUT THE NEW CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19): BIBLIOMETRIC RESEARCH. TEXTO & CONTEXTO ENFERMAGEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2020-0235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the bibliometric indicators of scientific production available in online journals that address Covid-19. Method: bibliometric study using Bradford's Law, network maps and textual statistics conducted with publications available in databases, from January to March 2020. Results: the sample consisted of 110 scientific articles. The main authors of the studies were linked to 83 institutions in 30 countries, giving priority to medical training. China was the country that published the most, providing a large number of research data. Patients infected with Covid-19 and the population in general made up the study populations and the hospital environment was the place where most of the research was performed. The journal with the highest number of publications has a high scientific influence among academic journals. The predominance of themes about Covid-19 was observed through the analysis of terms. Conclusion: bibliometric indicators indicate existing directions and gaps in the scientific production of Covid-19, which will assist in the development of future research, especially at the national level.
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4952
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Xiong H, Yi S, Lin Y. The Psychological Status and Self-Efficacy of Nurses During COVID-19 Outbreak: A Cross-Sectional Survey. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2020; 57:46958020957114. [PMID: 32900271 PMCID: PMC7485150 DOI: 10.1177/0046958020957114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus pneumonia broke out and gradually developed into a global public health problem. Health care workers, especially nurses, suffered from great occupational pressure and psychological distress during the outbreak of infectious diseases. We performed a cross-sectional survey to investigate the psychological status and self-efficacy of nurses in public hospital during COVID-19 outbreak between 16th and 25th February 2020. A total of 223 nurses participated in this study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms was 40.8% (CI 95%: 34.4%-47.2%) and 26.4% (CI 95%: 20.6%-42.2%), respectively. There was no difference in the prevalence of anxiety symptoms among demographic variables. There was significant differences in the prevalence of depression symptoms according to professional titles (P = .020). The mean score of self-efficacy was 25.90 ± 7.55. The self-efficacy was negatively correlated with anxiety (r = -0.161, P < .05). The psychological status of nurses in public hospital during COVID-19 outbreak needs our attention. Improving nurses' self-efficacy in dealing with emerging infectious diseases may be helpful to their psychology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Xiong
- Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University,
Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Shuanglian Yi
- Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University,
Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Yufen Lin
- Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University,
Fujian, P.R. China
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4953
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Giusti L, Salza A, Mammarella S, Bianco D, Ussorio D, Casacchia M, Roncone R. #Everything Will Be Fine. Duration of Home Confinement and "All-or-Nothing" Cognitive Thinking Style as Predictors of Traumatic Distress in Young University Students on a Digital Platform During the COVID-19 Italian Lockdown. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:574812. [PMID: 33384623 PMCID: PMC7770221 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.574812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
On March 10, 2020, Italy announced its lockdown caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, and home confinement exposed individuals to a stressful situation of unknown duration. Our study aimed to analyze the emotional and cognitive experiences and the psychopathological symptoms of young Italian University students seeking help from our University student Counseling and Consultation Service during the COVID-19 lockdown. Also, our study aimed to identify the predictors of traumatic psychological distress, investigating variables that could influence the students' well-being, related to their socio-demographic and clinical condition, to the "exposition" to the social distancing, and related to their cognitive thinking style. One-hundred and three University students were included in our study. The traumatic impact was assessed by the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). A digital platform was used in our study, focused on narrative dimensions analyses. Our results showed that 21.4% of our help-seeking students experienced lockdown as a traumatic experience. The main stressful factors reported by students were: adjustment to the new academic activities (23.3 %), lack of autonomy (19.4%), and conflicts with family members (6.8%). The three main areas impaired were: changes in the sleeping pattern (68%), difficulty in concentration (67%), and loss of energy (58.6%). Furthermore, 36% of our student sample reported being suffering from anxiety symptoms, whereas 26% showed depressive symptomatology. Students having previous psychological and psychiatric contacts with mental health services (23%) showed a more severe traumatic and depressive symptomatology. The problematic thinking style "all or nothing" was predominantly associated with psychological distress, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms. "Everything Will Be Fine" could be identified by the "optimistic style" (27.2%), inversely correlated with the psychopathological measures and concentration problems. The results of the logistic regression analysis indicated that the length of home confinement (second month) seemed to increase by over 3 times the likelihood of experience posttraumatic symptomatology, and a thinking style "all or nothing" was the final strongest predictor increasing the risk by over 5 times. The implementation of psychological interventions to improve the mental health of vulnerable young subgroups to contain the structuring of psychopathological profiles represent a fundamental challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giusti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Anna Salza
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Silvia Mammarella
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Denise Bianco
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Donatella Ussorio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Massimo Casacchia
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Rita Roncone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.,Hospital S. Salvatore, University Unit Rehabilitation Treatment, Early Interventions in Mental Health, Abruzzo, Italy
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4954
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Brakemeier EL, Wirkner J, Knaevelsrud C, Wurm S, Christiansen H, Lueken U, Schneider S. Die COVID-19-Pandemie als Herausforderung für die psychische Gesundheit. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KLINISCHE PSYCHOLOGIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1026/1616-3443/a000574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Die COVID-19-Pandemie als multidimensionaler und potenziell toxischer Stressfaktor führt auch in Deutschland zu psychischen Problemen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung und wird voraussichtlich einen Anstieg der Inzidenz- und Prävalenzraten psychischer Störungen bedingen. In diesem Positionspapier erfolgt daher eine wissenschaftlich differenzierte Betrachtung der psychologischen Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie auf verschiedene Altersstufen sowie psychische Vulnerabilitäten und Störungsbilder, wobei auch Chancen für die psychische Gesundheit und psychotherapeutische Versorgung diskutiert werden. Basierend auf den Befunden werden abschließend u. a. folgende gesundheitspolitische Ziele und Maßnahmen abgeleitet: Implementierung von universellen und indizierten modularen Präventionsangeboten sowie Anpassung der evidenzbasierten Richtlinienpsychotherapien hinsichtlich Bedarf, Inhalt und Modalität. Die Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie stellt aufgrund ihrer ausgewiesenen Expertise im Bereich der psychischen Gesundheit zentrales Wissen für die erfolgreiche Bewältigung der COVID-19-Pandemie zur Verfügung und kann in interdisziplinären und interprofessionellen Kooperationen dazu beitragen, die Herausforderungen für die psychische Gesundheit anzugehen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Lotta Brakemeier
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Greifswald
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Philipps-Universität Marburg
| | - Janine Wirkner
- Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Greifswald
| | | | - Susanne Wurm
- Abteilung für Präventionsforschung und Sozialmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald
| | - Hanna Christiansen
- Abteilung für Klinische Kinder- und Jugendpsychologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg
| | - Ulrike Lueken
- Abteilung für Psychotherapie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
| | - Silvia Schneider
- Forschungs- und Behandlungszentrum für psychische Gesundheit, Ruhr-Universität Bochum
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4955
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Somani A, Chandran S, Satapathy A, Kumar A, Farooqui A, Pradeep J, Sreedaran P, Purkayastha D. Psychological distress during early phase of COVID-19 pandemic among Indian adults. ARCHIVES OF MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/amh.amh_53_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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4956
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Crepaldi MA, Schmidt B, Noal DDS, Bolze SDA, Gabarra LM. Terminalidade, morte e luto na pandemia de COVID-19: demandas psicológicas emergentes e implicações práticas. ESTUDOS DE PSICOLOGIA (CAMPINAS) 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0275202037e200090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo A doença causada pelo novo coronavírus (COVID-19) tem sido considerada uma grave crise sob o ponto de vista epidemiológico e, também, psicológico. Além das perdas em massa em curto espaço de tempo, as dificuldades para realização de rituais de despedida entre pessoas na iminência da morte e seus familiares, bem como de rituais funerários, podem dificultar a experiência de luto. O objetivo deste estudo é sistematizar conhecimentos sobre os processos de terminalidade, morte e luto no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Por meio de revisão narrativa da literatura, foram sumarizadas experiências relatadas em diferentes países durante a pandemia. Apresentam-se características das demandas psicológicas emergentes e implicações para a prática profissional do psicólogo. Considerando que expressões de afeto, condolências e espiritualidade sofrem alterações nesse cenário, discute-se a importância de potencializar formas alternativas e respeitosas para ritualização dos processos vividos, o que parece essencial para ressignificar perdas e enfrentar desafios durante e após a vigência da pandemia.
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4957
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Guse J, Heinen I, Kurre J, Mohr S, Bergelt C. Perception of the study situation and mental burden during the COVID-19 pandemic among undergraduate medical students with and without mentoring. GMS JOURNAL FOR MEDICAL EDUCATION 2020; 37:Doc72. [PMID: 33364351 PMCID: PMC7740010 DOI: 10.3205/zma001365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic caused drastic changes in medical education and might affect students' mental health and perception of study conditions. Mentoring may have mediating effects by enhancing social support. The University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) offers a voluntary general mentoring program (g-mentoring) for all interested students and a mentoring program for students with excellent course results and scientific interest (e-mentoring) We aimed to investigate the mental burden and views of their study situation during COVID-19 among students who did or did not participate in one of the formal mentoring programs. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional online survey (May 2020) examining students' mental burden using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4), and assessing their perception of study conditions and digital teaching using self-developed items. Results: Of 1193 invited students, 543 (45.5%) completed the survey. 35% of those participated in the g-mentoring and 7% in the e-mentoring. 59% did not participate in any program. More e-mentees than g-mentees and nonparticipants reported clinically unproblematic levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. The majority of students (55%) was somewhat worried about the impact of the pandemic on their study situation. Regarding digital teaching students did not feel overburdened by the lack of a fixed schedule and structure, e-mentees even less than g-mentees and nonparticipants. Both g-mentees and nonparticipants were significantly more appreciative of the possible repeated use of the digital teaching materials than e-mentees (both groups M=5.7 vs. M=5.4 in e-mentees, p=.045). Conclusion: The results indicate that while students feel substantially burdened by the situation and the majority worries about the impact of the pandemic on their studies, they also seem to cope well with the digital course format. Study motivation during COVID-19 decreased among the majority of students with and without mentoring. These aspects may be important to address by medical schools interested in developing effective interventions to support students during a pandemic and continuous online teaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Guse
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, Hamburg, Germany
- *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Jennifer Guse, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, Martinistraße 52, W26, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany, E-mail:
| | - Ines Heinen
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana Kurre
- FOM Hochschule für Oekonomie & Management, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja Mohr
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Education and Students' Affairs, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Bergelt
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, Hamburg, Germany
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4958
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Rossi R, Socci V, Talevi D, Mensi S, Niolu C, Pacitti F, Di Marco A, Rossi A, Siracusano A, Di Lorenzo G. COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown Measures Impact on Mental Health Among the General Population in Italy. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:790. [PMID: 32848952 PMCID: PMC7426501 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 733] [Impact Index Per Article: 183.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychological impact of the COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak and lockdown measures on the Italian population are unknown. The current study assesses rates of mental health outcomes in the Italian general population three to 4 weeks into lockdown measures and explores the impact of COVID-19 related potential risk factors. METHODS A web-based survey spread throughout the internet between March 27th and April 6th 2020. Eighteen thousand one hundred forty-seven individuals completed the questionnaire, 79.6% women. Selected outcomes were post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived stress, and adjustment disorder symptoms (ADS). Seemingly unrelated logistic regression analysis was performed to identify COVID-19 related risk factors. RESULTS Endorsement rates for PTSS were 6,604 (37%), 3,084 (17.3%) for depression, 3,700 (20.8%) for anxiety, 1,301 (7.3%) for insomnia, 3,895 (21.8%) for high perceived stress and 4,092 (22.9%) for adjustment disorder. Being woman and younger age were associated with all of the selected outcomes. Quarantine was associated with PTSS, anxiety and ADS. Any recent COVID-related stressful life event was associated with all the selected outcomes. Discontinued working activity due to the COVID-19 was associated with all the selected outcomes, except for ADS; working more than usual was associated with PTSS, Perceived stress and ADS. Having a loved one deceased by COVID-19 was associated with PTSS, depression, perceived stress, and insomnia. CONCLUSION We found high rates of negative mental health outcomes in the Italian general population 3 weeks into the COVID-19 lockdown measures and different COVID-19 related risk factors. These findings warrant further monitoring on the Italian population's mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Rossi
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Socci
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Dalila Talevi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Sonia Mensi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Niolu
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Pacitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antinisca Di Marco
- Department of Information Engineering, Computer Science and Mathematics, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Chair of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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4959
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Singh A, Shah A, Narain J. Hypertension and COVID-19: A public health perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jncd.jncd_34_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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4960
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Ammar A, Mueller P, Trabelsi K, Chtourou H, Boukhris O, Masmoudi L, Bouaziz B, Brach M, Schmicker M, Bentlage E, How D, Ahmed M, Aloui A, Hammouda O, Paineiras-Domingos LL, Braakman-Jansen A, Wrede C, Bastoni S, Pernambuco CS, Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Taheri M, Irandoust K, Khacharem A, Bragazzi NL, Adrian Washif J, Glenn JM, Bott NT, Gargouri F, Chaari L, Batatia H, Khoshnami SC, Samara E, Zisi V, Sankar P, Ahmed WN, Ali GM, Abdelkarim O, Jarraya M, El Abed K, Romdhani M, Souissi N, Van Gemert-Pijnen L, Bailey SJ, Moalla W, Gómez-Raja J, Epstein M, Sanderman R, Schulz S, Jerg A, Al-Horani R, Mansi T, Jmail M, Barbosa F, Ferreira-Santos F, Šimunič B, Pišot R, Gaggioli A, Zmijewski P, Steinacker JM, Strahler J, Riemann L, Riemann BL, Mueller N, Chamari K, Driss T, Hoekelmann A. Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study. PLoS One 2020. [PMID: 33152030 DOI: 10.1371/%20journal.pone.0240204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined. Therefore, an international online survey (ECLB-COVID19) was launched on April 6, 2020 in seven languages to elucidate the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing. METHODS The ECLB-COVID19 electronic survey was designed by a steering group of multidisciplinary scientists, following a structured review of the literature. The survey was uploaded and shared on the Google online-survey-platform and was promoted by thirty-five research organizations from Europe, North-Africa, Western-Asia and the Americas. All participants were asked for their mental wellbeing (SWEMWS) and depressive symptoms (SMFQ) with regard to "during" and "before" home confinement. RESULTS Analysis was conducted on the first 1047 replies (54% women) from Asia (36%), Africa (40%), Europe (21%) and other (3%). The COVID-19 home confinement had a negative effect on both mental-wellbeing and on mood and feelings. Specifically, a significant decrease (p < .001 and Δ% = 9.4%) in total score of the SWEMWS questionnaire was noted. More individuals (+12.89%) reported a low mental wellbeing "during" compared to "before" home confinement. Furthermore, results from the mood and feelings questionnaire showed a significant increase by 44.9% (p < .001) in SMFQ total score with more people (+10%) showing depressive symptoms "during" compared to "before" home confinement. CONCLUSION The ECLB-COVID19 survey revealed an increased psychosocial strain triggered by the home confinement. To mitigate this high risk of mental disorders and to foster an Active and Healthy Confinement Lifestyle (AHCL), a crisis-oriented interdisciplinary intervention is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning, UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Patrick Mueller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Omar Boukhris
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Liwa Masmoudi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Bouaziz
- Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Michael Brach
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marlen Schmicker
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Bentlage
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniella How
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mona Ahmed
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Asma Aloui
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Omar Hammouda
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR12ES17, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | | | - Christian Wrede
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sophia Bastoni
- Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Morteza Taheri
- Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Irandoust
- Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Aïmen Khacharem
- UVHC, DeVisu, Valenciennes; LIRTES-EA 7313. Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne, Créteil, France
| | - Nicola L Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jad Adrian Washif
- Sports Performance Division, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jordan M Glenn
- Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Nicholas T Bott
- Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Faiez Gargouri
- Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Lotfi Chaari
- Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT, Toulouse, France
| | - Hadj Batatia
- Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - Vasiliki Zisi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Parasanth Sankar
- Consultant in Internal Medicine and Diabetes, MGM Muthoot Hospitals Pathanamthitta, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India
| | - Waseem N Ahmed
- Consultant Family Physician, CRAFT Hospital and Research Centre, Kodungallur, Kerala, India
| | | | - Osama Abdelkarim
- Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruher, Germany
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kais El Abed
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Romdhani
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Stephen J Bailey
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Wassim Moalla
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jonathan Gómez-Raja
- FundeSalud, Dept. of Health and Social Services, Government of Extremadura, Merida, Spain
| | | | - Robbert Sanderman
- Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Schulz
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Achim Jerg
- Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ramzi Al-Horani
- Department of Exercise Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Taysir Mansi
- Faculty of Physical Education, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Fernando Barbosa
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Ferreira-Santos
- Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Andrea Gaggioli
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Piotr Zmijewski
- Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jana Strahler
- Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Laurel Riemann
- PharmD, BCBS; PharmIAD, Inc, Savannah, GA, United States of America
| | - Bryan L Riemann
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, United States of America
| | - Notger Mueller
- Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karim Chamari
- ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Laboratory ''Sport Performance Optimization'', ISSEP Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning, UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France
| | - Anita Hoekelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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4961
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Ara T, Rahman MM, Hossain MA, Ahmed A. Identifying the Associated Risk Factors of Sleep Disturbance During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh: A Web-Based Survey. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:580268. [PMID: 33093839 PMCID: PMC7527420 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.580268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bangladesh, a developing country with a lower-middle-income and one of the world's most densely populated areas, has been severely affected by COVID-19. This global epidemic is not only affecting the physical health of the patients but also causing severe psychological effects among those who have not yet been infected. Sleep disturbance is one of the key symptoms of major depression and one of the proven risk factors for suicide. The objective of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with sleep disturbance which has developed as a general impact of COVID-19 and new normal life during the lockdown (a measure to control the spread of COVID-19) in Bangladesh. METHODS Demographic characteristics, COVID-19, and lockdown related information have been collected from 1,128 individuals by conducting a web-based survey. Respondent's perspective regarding sleep disturbance during COVID-19 lockdown is considered as the outcome of interest which is dichotomous. Descriptive statistics methods have been applied to explore the distribution of respondent's demographic characteristics. Pearson's chi-square tests have been performed to relate the sleep disturbance status of the respondents to their demographic, personal, and COVID-19 related information. Furthermore, a multivariable logistic regression model has been adopted to identify the significant association of sleep disturbance with the demographic, COVID-19, and lockdown related information of respondents during the COVID-19 lockdown in Bangladesh. FINDINGS The prevalence of sleep disturbance during the COVID-19 lockdown is found to be higher among participants aged 31-40 years. Gender disparity has also been observed in favor of male participants, whereas no significant regional heterogeneity has been found. Working from home or doing online classes during the lockdown has been found as a potential predictive factor of sleep disturbance. Losing a job has been considered as an adverse economic effect of COVID-19, which also induces sleep disturbance. Perception regarding the risk of getting infected and anxiety triggered the chance of developing sleep disturbance. The sleeping schedule is also found as a risk factor for sleep disturbance. CONCLUSION Evidence-based policies are required to combat psychological challenges that have arisen due to COVID-19, primarily targeting the groups who are largely suffering from sleep disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasnim Ara
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahabubur Rahman
- Institute of Statistical Research and Training, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abir Hossain
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Amir Ahmed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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4962
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Saraf A, Sathe H, Mishra K, John S. A cross-sectional study of psychological distress and fear of COVID-19 in the general population of India during lockdown. ANNALS OF INDIAN PSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/aip.aip_54_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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4963
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Souza JBD, Heidemann ITSB, Geremia DS, Madureira VSF, Bitencourt JVDOV, Tombini LHT. Pandemia e imigração: famílias haitianas no enfrentamento da COVID-19 no Brasil. ESCOLA ANNA NERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2020-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Objetivo compreender a vivência do enfrentamento e repercussões da COVID-19 na perspectiva das famílias de imigrantes haitianos no Brasil. Método estudo qualitativo, do tipo ação-participante, fundamentado no Itinerário de Pesquisa de Paulo Freire, que possui três fases: Investigação Temática; Codificação e Descodificação; Desvelamento Crítico. Foi realizado Círculo de Cultura Virtual em maio de 2020, com 10 famílias de imigrantes haitianos, residentes no oeste de Santa Catarina. Resultados os participantes discutiram preocupações geradas no enfrentamento da pandemia: trabalho e subsistência da família no Brasil e no Haiti; incerteza do futuro; risco de contaminação e de morrer no Brasil; cancelamento das aulas dos filhos; desânimo e solidão. Desvelaram oportunidades na vivência da pandemia: ajuda recebida; força pessoal e familiar; repensar a vida; confiança em Deus e esperança. Conclusões e implicações para a prática os imigrantes haitianos se encontram em situação de vulnerabilidade social, econômica e de saúde mental no enfrentamento da COVID-19. A identificação dessa vulnerabilidade, considerando fatores sociais, econômicos e culturais é fundamental à proposição de políticas públicas e adoção de estratégias efetivas de enfrentamento da situação. O Círculo de Cultura Virtual amplia possibilidades para a enfermagem, pois possibilita as interações necessárias à promoção da saúde, mesmo diante da pandemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeane Barros de Souza
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Brasil; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil
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4964
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Bäuerle A, Steinbach J, Schweda A, Beckord J, Hetkamp M, Weismüller B, Kohler H, Musche V, Dörrie N, Teufel M, Skoda EM. Mental Health Burden of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Germany: Predictors of Mental Health Impairment. J Prim Care Community Health 2020; 11:2150132720953682. [PMID: 32865107 PMCID: PMC7457643 DOI: 10.1177/2150132720953682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 is causing an enormous psychological burden for most people. This study aims to assess individual changes in mental health and health status before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and to explore potential predictors of change. METHODS A cross-sectional study in Germany (n = 15 037) were conducted. Demographics, depression and anxiety symptoms (PHQ-2, GAD-2), distress (DT), and health status (EQ-5D-3L) were assessed. Additionally, all instruments used were adapted to measure the participants' mental health and health status before the COVID-19 outbreak. COVID-19-related fear, trust in governmental actions to face COVID-19, and the subjective level of information about COVID-19 were examined. RESULTS Overall, the participants showed a significant increase in depression and anxiety symptoms, and distress, while health status deteriorated since the COVID-19 outbreak. Impairment in mental health was predicted by COVID-19-related fear. Pre-existing mental illness predicted an increase in depression symptoms and a deterioration in health status. Trust in governmental actions and the subjective level of information predicted less increase in psychological burden. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed that there have been changes in mental health and health status at an individual level since the outbreak of COVID-19. In order to maintain mental health, the observed predictors should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bäuerle
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Steinbach
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Adam Schweda
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Jil Beckord
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Madeleine Hetkamp
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Weismüller
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Hannah Kohler
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Venja Musche
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Nora Dörrie
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Martin Teufel
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Skoda
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and
Psychotherapy, LVR University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen,
Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
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4965
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Ornell F, Schuch JB, Sordi AO, Kessler FHP. "Pandemic fear" and COVID-19: mental health burden and strategies. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2020; 42:232-235. [PMID: 32267343 DOI: 10.1590/1516–4446–2020–0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ornell
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- IBGEN Business School, Grupo Uniftec, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline B Schuch
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anne O Sordi
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felix Henrique Paim Kessler
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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4966
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Hu S, Tucker L, Wu C, Yang L. Beneficial Effects of Exercise on Depression and Anxiety During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:587557. [PMID: 33329133 PMCID: PMC7671962 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.587557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
First reported in Dec 2019, the on-going COVID-19 pandemic has become a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC). The isolation and quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic limited the physical and social activities of the population, which contributed to the increased prevalence of mental disorder. Depression and anxiety are the most common mental illnesses conferring a serious impact on individuals' life quality. This review summarizes the mental health consequences of COVID-19, especially for depression and anxiety. Exercise as an intervention for anxiety and depression has been demonstrated in both of the animal studies and human clinical trials. The underlying mechanism including the regulation on the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), D-β-hydroxybutyrate, synaptic transmission, hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis, tryptophan hydroxylase, GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and PGC-1α1-PPAR axis. In addition, we summarized the exercise strategies to fight against anxiety and depression according to the information from American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), World Health Organization and recent literatures about physical exercise during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojuan Hu
- College of Physical Education and Sports Science, HengYang Normal University, Hengyang, China
| | - Lorelei Tucker
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Chongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Laser Sports Medicine, College of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luodan Yang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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4967
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Wang C, Chudzicka-Czupała A, Grabowski D, Pan R, Adamus K, Wan X, Hetnał M, Tan Y, Olszewska-Guizzo A, Xu L, McIntyre RS, Quek J, Ho R, Ho C. The Association Between Physical and Mental Health and Face Mask Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comparison of Two Countries With Different Views and Practices. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:569981. [PMID: 33033485 PMCID: PMC7510452 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.569981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physical and mental health of citizens living in a country that encouraged face masks (China) and discouraged face masks (Poland) during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic remained unknown. We conducted a cross-country study to compare the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Poles and Chinese. This study aimed to compare the levels of psychological impact of pandemic and levels of anxiety and depression between China and Poland. METHODS The survey collected information on demographic data, physical symptoms, contact history, and precautionary measures. The psychological impact was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and mental health status was assessed by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). The chi-squared test was used to analyze the differences in categorical variables between the two populations. Linear regression was used to calculate the bivariate associations between independents variables (e.g., physical symptoms and precautionary measures) and dependent variables (e.g., mental health outcomes). RESULTS This study included a total of 2,266 respondents from both countries (1,056 Poles and 1,210 Chinese). There were significantly less Polish respondents who wore face masks (Poles: 35.0%; Chinese: 96.8% p < 0.001). Significantly more Polish respondents reported physical symptoms resembling COVID-19 infection (p < 0.001), recent medical consultation (p < 0.01), recent COVID-19 testing (p < 0.001), and hospitalization (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Polish respondents had significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress (p < 0.001) than Chinese. The mean IES-R scores of Poland and China were above the cut-off for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Besides precautionary measures, unemployment, retirement, physical symptoms resembling COVID-19 infection, recent medical consultation or COVID-19 testing, and long daily duration of home confinement were risk factors for PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, or stress for Polish respondents. CONCLUSION Use of face masks at the community level may safeguard better physical and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need of health education with scientific information from Polish health authority on the proper use of face masks and reduce social stigma. This study was limited by the respondent sampling method that had compromised the representativeness of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Wang
- Faculty of Education, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | | | - Damian Grabowski
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Riyu Pan
- Faculty of Education, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Katarzyna Adamus
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Xiaoyang Wan
- Faculty of Education, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Mateusz Hetnał
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Yilin Tan
- Faculty of Education, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Agnieszka Olszewska-Guizzo
- Institute of Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Linkang Xu
- Faculty of Education, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Quek
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Ho
- Institute of Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cyrus Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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4968
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Bezerra CB, Saintrain MVDL, Braga DRA, Santos FDS, Lima AOP, Brito EHSD, Pontes CDB. Impacto psicossocial do isolamento durante pandemia de covid-19 na população brasileira: análise transversal preliminar. SAUDE E SOCIEDADE 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s0104-12902020200412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Este artigo trata de uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e analítica da população brasileira em isolamento social (IS) durante pandemia do novo coronavírus, com o objetivo de identificar preditores de estresse psicossocial com dados recolhidos por questionário on-line nas redes sociais em abril de 2020. Do total de 3.836 pessoas participantes, prevaleceram: mulheres (2.821; 73,5%); faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos (1.101; 28,7%); com pós-graduação (2075;54,1%); estando em IS (3.447; 89,9%). Houve diferença significativa pelo fato de as pessoas estarem em IS: sentir medo de serem infectadas pelo coronavírus (p<0,001); preocupação se alguém precisava sair de casa (p<0,001); rotina modificada após o IS, destacando “entretanto conseguiram se adaptar à nova realidade”, comparado aos que “tiveram a rotina alterada sem conseguir se adaptar” (p<0,001); tristeza ou preocupação, fazendo outras atividades como exercício físico, práticas religiosas, atividades lúdicas (p<0,001); e não pensaram numa solução para esse problema (p<0,001); além de mudança no padrão de sono (p=0,006). Os achados revelam a necessidade de discussão ampliada dos determinantes sociais da saúde, que devem envolver não só a doença, mas levar em consideração as relações sociais, as manifestações culturais e a economia, que podem impactar a saúde mental das pessoas.
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4969
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Orgilés M, Morales A, Delvecchio E, Mazzeschi C, Espada JP. Immediate Psychological Effects of the COVID-19 Quarantine in Youth From Italy and Spain. Front Psychol 2020. [PMID: 33240167 DOI: 10.31234/osf.io/5bpfz] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 quarantine has affected more than 860 million children and adolescents worldwide, but to date, no study has been developed within Western countries to examine the psychological impact on their lives. The present study aims to examine for the first time the emotional impact of the quarantine on children and adolescents from Italy and Spain, two of the countries most affected by COVID-19. Participants were 1,143 parents of Italian and Spanish children aged 3 to 18 years who completed a survey providing information about how the quarantine affects their children and themselves, compared to before the home confinement. Results show that 85.7% of the parents perceived changes in their children's emotional state and behaviors during the quarantine. The most frequent symptoms were difficulty concentrating (76.6%), boredom (52%), irritability (39%), restlessness (38.8%), nervousness (38%), feelings of loneliness (31.3%), uneasiness (30.4%), and worries (30.1%). Spanish parents reported more symptoms than Italians. As expected, children of both countries used monitors more frequently, spent less time doing physical activity, and slept more hours during the quarantine. Furthermore, when family coexistence during quarantine became more difficult, the situation was more serious, and the level of stress was higher, parents tended to report more emotional problems in their children. The quarantine impacts considerably on Italian and Spanish youth, reinforcing the need to detect children with problems as early as possible to improve their psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Orgilés
- Department of Health Psychology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alexandra Morales
- Department of Health Psychology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Elisa Delvecchio
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzeschi
- Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Education, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - José P Espada
- Department of Health Psychology, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Elche, Alicante, Spain
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4970
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Cao H, Zuo C, Li G, Huang Y, Li L, Huang S, Zhao J, Liu J, Jiang Y, Wang F. A Cross-Sectional Study of Psychological Status in Different Epidemic Areas in China After the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:575705. [PMID: 33250791 PMCID: PMC7674662 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.575705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China has seriously affected people's mental health. We aimed to assess the psychological impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 on health care workers and non-health care workers in three different epidemic areas in China and to identify independent risk factors. Methods: We surveyed 1,020 non-health care workers and 480 health care workers in Wuhan, other cities in Hubei except Wuhan and other provinces in China except Hubei. Results: Health care workers in Hubei had higher levels of anxiety and depression than non-health care workers (p < 0.05), but there was no such difference in other provinces in China except Hubei (p > 0.05). Compared with other regions, health care workers in Wuhan was more anxious (p < 0.05), and this anxiety may be caused by concerns about occupational exposure and wearing protective clothing for a long time daily; health care workers in Hubei had more obvious depression (p < 0.05), which may be associated with long days participating in epidemic work and wearing protective clothing for a long time daily. Meanwhile, 62.5% of health care workers were proud of their work. The anxiety and depression of non-health care workers in Wuhan were also the most serious. Conclusions: In Wuhan, where the epidemic is most severe, levels of anxiety and depression seem to be higher, especially among health care workers. This information may help to better prepare for future events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengchao Zuo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianling Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongsheng Jiang
- Cancer Center of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Furong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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4971
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Kantor BN, Kantor J. Mental Health Outcomes and Associations During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study in the United States. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:569083. [PMID: 33424655 PMCID: PMC7793873 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.569083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may lead to significant mental health stresses, potentially with modifiable risk factors. We performed an internet-based cross-sectional survey of an age-, sex-, and race-stratified representative sample from the US general population. Degrees of anxiety, depression, and loneliness were assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7), the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and the 8-item UCLA Loneliness Scale, respectively. Unadjusted and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations with baseline demographic characteristics. A total of 1,005 finished surveys were returned of the 1,020 started, yielding a completion rate of 98.5% in the survey panel. The mean (standard deviation) age of the respondents was 45 (16) years, and 494 (48.8%) were male. Overall, 264 subjects (26.8%) met the criteria for an anxiety disorder based on a GAD-7 cutoff of 10; a cutoff of 7 yielded 416 subjects (41.4%), meeting the clinical criteria for anxiety. On multivariable analysis, male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.49, 0.87]), identification as Black (OR = 0.49, 95% CI [0.31, 0.77]), and living in a larger home (OR = 0.46, 95% CI [0.24, 0.88]) were associated with a decreased odds of meeting the anxiety criteria. Rural location (OR 1.39, 95% CI [1.03, 1.89]), loneliness (OR 4.92, 95% CI [3.18, 7.62]), and history of hospitalization (OR = 2.04, 95% CI [1.38, 3.03]) were associated with increased odds of meeting the anxiety criteria. Two hundred thirty-two subjects (23.6%) met the criteria for clinical depression. On multivariable analysis, male sex (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.53, 0.95]), identifying as Black (OR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.40, 0.97]), increased time outdoors (OR = 0.51, 95% CI [0.29, 0.92]), and living in a larger home (OR = 0.35, 95% CI [0.18, 0.69]) were associated with decreased odds of meeting depression criteria. Having lost a job (OR = 1.64, 95% CI [1.05, 2.54]), loneliness (OR = 10.42, 95% CI [6.26, 17.36]), and history of hospitalization (OR = 2.42, 95% CI [1.62, 3.62]) were associated with an increased odds of meeting depression criteria. Income, media consumption, and religiosity were not associated with mental health outcomes. Anxiety and depression are common in the US general population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and are associated with potentially modifiable factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bella Nichole Kantor
- Harvard Extension School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Center for Behavioral Epidemiology, St. Augustine, FL, United States
| | - Jonathan Kantor
- Center for Behavioral Epidemiology, St. Augustine, FL, United States.,Center for Global Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Florida Center for Dermatology, St. Augustine, FL, United States
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4972
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Díaz de Neira M, Blasco-Fontecilla H, García Murillo L, Pérez-Balaguer A, Mallol L, Forti A, Del Sol P, Palanca I. Demand Analysis of a Psychiatric Emergency Room and an Adolescent Acute Inpatient Unit in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Madrid, Spain. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:557508. [PMID: 33584357 PMCID: PMC7873435 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.557508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 represents a serious threat to mental health worldwide. The aim of this study is to identify changes in adolescent psychiatry treatment demand in a tertiary hospital in Madrid during the first month (March 11 to April 11) after the pandemic declaration by the World Health Organization (WHO). We hypothesized that fear of contagion within COVID-19 may deter people from asking for psychiatric care. Method: The current study is retrospective, observational, and transversal. We reviewed the clinical records of 89 adolescents who went to the Emergency Room (ER) or were hospitalized at the Acute Inpatient Unit (AIU) at the Puerta de Hierro University Hospital-Majadahonda (PHUH-M) between March 11 and April 11. Socio-demographic, clinical, and demand variables were included in the study. Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were performed to compare categorical variables. We used the U Mann-Whitney test to compare quantitative variables. The level of statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. Analyses were conducted using SPSS v11.0. Results: The number of adolescents demanding psychiatric care at the ER dropped from 64 adolescents in 2019 to 25 in 2020. Similarly, psychiatric demand collapsed from 31 to 18 patients when comparing 2019 and 2020. Furthermore, the average hospital stay in 2020 trended toward a decrease when compared to 2019 (8.94 ± 4.87 vs. 14.32 ±10.23, p = 0.08). Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors were the most predominant reasons for consultation at both ER and AIU. Conclusion: The demand for adolescent psychiatric care decreased in the first month after the declaration of the pandemic. Our findings may be explained by (1) the fear of contagion, (2) the strict confinement measures, and (3) the initial shock as an adaptive reaction described in other disasters. Further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Díaz de Neira
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación para la Investigación Biomedica, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Hilario Blasco-Fontecilla
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.,Fundación para la Investigación Biomedica, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | | | | | - Leticia Mallol
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Azul Forti
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Del Sol
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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4973
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Bajaj S, Blair KS, Zhang R, Bashford-Largo J, Dobbertin M, Blair RJ. Impact of Sleep Quality on the Association Between Unease and Physical Exercise During Initial Stages of COVID-19 Pandemic in India. Nat Sci Sleep 2020; 12:705-708. [PMID: 33117006 PMCID: PMC7567547 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s273380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Bajaj
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA.,Program for Trauma and Anxiety (PTAC), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Karina S Blair
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA.,Program for Trauma and Anxiety (PTAC), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Ru Zhang
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA.,Program for Trauma and Anxiety (PTAC), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Johannah Bashford-Largo
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA.,Program for Trauma and Anxiety (PTAC), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Matthew Dobbertin
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA.,Program for Trauma and Anxiety (PTAC), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - R James Blair
- Multimodal Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory (MCNL), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA.,Program for Trauma and Anxiety (PTAC), Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA
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4974
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Quarantine experience of close contacts of COVID-19 patients in China: A qualitative descriptive study. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2020; 66:81-88. [PMID: 32736195 PMCID: PMC7374136 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Close contacts of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients may suffer from physical and psychological problems. Few studies have investigated the quarantine experiences of close contacts of COVID-19 patients. The objective of this study was to best capture participants' quarantine experiences during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. METHODS A descriptive, qualitative design was used. All interviews were recorded and coded using thematic analysis. RESULTS Fifteen participants took part in this study. The following five themes emerged: (1) experience in the early stage of quarantine; (2) experience in the middle stage of quarantine; (3) experience in the late stage of quarantine; (4) self-coping persisted throughout the quarantine period; and (5) external support was evident throughout the quarantine period. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the need to assess the psychological state of close contacts in the early stage of quarantine and to provide psychological support for them, especially for the older and the less educated. Although close contacts had physical symptoms and psychological issues, they adopted positive coping strategies, which indicated that they were vulnerable but strong. Furthermore, external support from the Chinese government helped them cope with the quarantine effectively. Learning from the quarantine experience is expected to help the Chinese government and institutions from other parts of the world to better care for close contacts.
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4975
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Silva LRB, Seguro CS, de Oliveira CGA, Santos POS, de Oliveira JCM, de Souza Filho LFM, de Paula Júnior CA, Gentil P, Rebelo ACS. Physical Inactivity Is Associated With Increased Levels of Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Brazilians During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:565291. [PMID: 33312136 PMCID: PMC7704428 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.565291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the levels of anxiety, depression, and stress associated with the practice of physical exercise (PE) during pandemic by COVID-19. Methods: This study has a cross-sectional characteristic and was carried out between May 12 and 14, 2020. An online questionnaire was applied with questions to assess sociodemographic characteristics and physical exercise during the CoVID-19 pandemic, in addition to depression, anxiety, and stress analysis. The study was approved by the local ethics committee (CAAE: 31521720.8.0000.5082). Results: One thousand one hundred and fifty four answered the questionnaire (69.84% female). During the isolation period, the number of participants who declared not to exercise was 54.16%. Women generaly presented higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress when compared to men (p < 0.0001 for all domains). The risk of having increased anxiety were 118% higher (OR = 2.183; 95% CI = 1.717-2.775), the risk of depression was 152% higher (OR = 2.525; 95% CI = 1.991-3.205), and the risk of stress symptoms increased 75.1% (OR = 1.751; 95% CI = 1.386-2.213) in the participants who did not perform PE when compared to those who maintain regular PE. Conclusion: People who was not involved with PE during the COVID-19 pandemic had higher anxiety, depression, and stress scores. Based on this, it seems important to advise people to continue PE, following all the recommendations of preventive measures of the pertinent health organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Raphael Bento Silva
- Department of Physical Education, University Center Araguaia, Goiânia, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Camila Simões Seguro
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jordana Campos Martins de Oliveira
- Department of Physical Education, University Center Araguaia, Goiânia, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo Gentil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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4976
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Pregnancy-related anxiety during COVID-19: a nationwide survey of 2740 pregnant women. Arch Womens Ment Health 2020; 23:757-765. [PMID: 32989598 PMCID: PMC7522009 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-020-01073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women's anxiety and identify factors most strongly associated with greater changes in anxiety. An anonymous, online, survey of pregnant women (distributed April 3-24, 2020) included a modified pregnancy-related anxiety scale (PRAS) reflecting respondents' perception of pregnancy anxiety before COVID-19 and a current assessment of pregnancy-related anxiety. The difference between these scores was used as the outcome variable. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses. Two thousand seven hundred forty pregnant women from 47 states completed the survey. 25.8% (N = 706) stopped in-person visits, 15.2% used video visits (N = 415), and 31.8% (N = 817) used phone visits for prenatal care as a result of COVID-19. Those planning a hospital birth dropped from 2641 (96.4%) to 2400 (87.7%) following COVID-19. More than half of women reported increased stress about food running out (59.2%, N = 1622), losing a job or household income (63.7%, N = 1745), or loss of childcare (56.3%, N = 1543). More than a third reported increasing stress about conflict between household members (37.5%, N = 1028), and 93% (N = 2556) reported increased stress about getting infected with COVID-19. Slightly less than half of respondents (either selves or family members) were healthcare workers (41.4%, N = 1133) or worked in essential services (45.5%, N = 1246). In multivariate analysis, those reporting higher agreement with COVID-19-related stressors had greater changes in pre- to post-COVID-19 pregnancy-related anxiety. The COVID-19 pandemic is profoundly affecting pregnant women's mental health, and factors independent of pregnancy appear to be driving changes in pregnancy-specific anxiety.
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