501
|
Zhang J, Ma H. Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structures of Imides Condensed with p-Phenylamino(Phenyl) Amine and Fluorescence Property. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E1873. [PMID: 31185634 PMCID: PMC6600954 DOI: 10.3390/ma12111873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of aromatic diimide and monoimide compounds condensed with p-phenylamino(phenyl)amine were synthesized and confirmed by Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Elemental Analysis (EA), and High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy (HRMS). Meanwhile, single crystal X-ray diffraction showed the existence of intermolecular N···O hydrogen bonds, which affected the thermal stabilities of corresponding compounds by the support of Thermalgravimetric Analysis (TGA) curves. The steady-state UV-vis absorption peaks of synthetic compounds 1-6 appeared in the range of 220-380 nm. Fluorescence emission spectra showed peaks in the range of 290-420 nm. Meanwhile, deep-blue or violet-blue emissions for 2, 4, and 5 in THF under excitations of 254 nm and 365 nm, respectively, were observed at room temperature in air. Furthermore, Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammogram CV were conducted within -1.5-+1.5 V to show quasi-reversible behavior for conjugated compounds and irreversible behavior for less conjugated ones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Huaibo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.
| |
Collapse
|
502
|
Du Y, Yao H, Galuska L, Ge F, Wang X, Lu H, Zhang G, Gu X, Qiu L. Side-Chain Engineering To Optimize the Charge Transport Properties of Isoindigo-Based Random Terpolymers for High-Performance Organic Field-Effect Transistors. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luke Galuska
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaodan Gu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States of America
| | | |
Collapse
|
503
|
Cui Y, Yao H, Zhang J, Zhang T, Wang Y, Hong L, Xian K, Xu B, Zhang S, Peng J, Wei Z, Gao F, Hou J. Over 16% efficiency organic photovoltaic cells enabled by a chlorinated acceptor with increased open-circuit voltages. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2515. [PMID: 31175276 PMCID: PMC6555805 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 529] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Broadening the optical absorption of organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials by enhancing the intramolecular push-pull effect is a general and effective method to improve the power conversion efficiencies of OPV cells. However, in terms of the electron acceptors, the most common molecular design strategy of halogenation usually results in down-shifted molecular energy levels, thereby leading to decreased open-circuit voltages in the devices. Herein, we report a chlorinated non-fullerene acceptor, which exhibits an extended optical absorption and meanwhile displays a higher voltage than its fluorinated counterpart in the devices. This unexpected phenomenon can be ascribed to the reduced non-radiative energy loss (0.206 eV). Due to the simultaneously improved short-circuit current density and open-circuit voltage, a high efficiency of 16.5% is achieved. This study demonstrates that finely tuning the OPV materials to reduce the bandgap-voltage offset has great potential for boosting the efficiency. Halogenation has proved an effective strategy to improve the power conversion efficiencies of organic solar cells but it usually leads to lower open-circuit voltages. Here, Cui et al. unexpectedly obtain higher open-circuit voltages and achieve a record high PCE of 16.5% by chlorination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Yuming Wang
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ling Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Kaihu Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Bowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Peng
- Organtec Ltd., 102200, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
504
|
Han G, Yi Y. Local Excitation/Charge-Transfer Hybridization Simultaneously Promotes Charge Generation and Reduces Nonradiative Voltage Loss in Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:2911-2918. [PMID: 31088080 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High power conversion efficiencies in state-of-the-art nonfullerene organic solar cells (NF OSCs) call for elucidation of the underlying working mechanisms of both high photocurrent densities and low nonradiative voltage losses under small energy offsets. Here, to address this fundamental issue, we have assessed the nature of interfacial charge-transfer (CT) states in a representative small-molecule NF OSC (DRTB-T:IT-4F) by time-dependent density functional theory calculations. The calculated results point to the fact that the CT states can borrow considerable oscillator strengths from the energy-close local excitation (LE) states or be fully hybridized with these LE states by molecular aggregation at the donor-acceptor interfaces. The LE/CT hybridization can promote charge generation by direct population of thermalized CT or LE/CT states under illumination. At the same time, the increased oscillator strengths of the lowest CT state will improve the luminescence quantum efficiencies and thus reduce nonradiative voltage losses. Our work suggests that it is crucial to tune the LE/CT hybridization by optimization of the donor and acceptor molecular and interfacial structures to further improve the NF OSC performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| |
Collapse
|
505
|
Lee C, Lee S, Kim GU, Lee W, Kim BJ. Recent Advances, Design Guidelines, and Prospects of All-Polymer Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8028-8086. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Wonho Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, South Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
506
|
Huang J, Lu S, Chen PA, Wang K, Hu Y, Liang Y, Wang M, Reichmanis E. Rational Design of a Narrow-Bandgap Conjugated Polymer Using the Quinoidal Thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-Based Building Block for Organic Field-Effect Transistor Applications. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shuo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ping-An Chen
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Optoelectronic Devices of Ministry of Education & Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Structural Physics and Devices, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Elsa Reichmanis
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, United States
| |
Collapse
|
507
|
Han G, Yi Y. Origin of Photocurrent and Voltage Losses in Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201900067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| |
Collapse
|
508
|
Ming S, Zhang C, Jiang P, Jiang Q, Ma Z, Song J, Bo Z. Impact of the Bonding Sites at the Inner or Outer π-Bridged Positions for Non-Fullerene Acceptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:19444-19451. [PMID: 31060351 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Two A-π-D-π-A-type non-fullerene acceptors (IDT-ToFIC and IDT-TiFIC) with 5-hexylthienyl chains substituted at the inner and outer β-positions of the thiophene π-bridge have been designed, respectively. Impacts of varied positional modifications are systematically studied. By utilizing PBDB-T as the donor, polymer solar cells are constructed with these two molecules as acceptors. Power conversion efficiencies of 11.09 and 9.46% are acquired for IDT-ToFIC- and IDT-TiFIC-based devices, respectively. Our studies have demonstrated that the use of thiophene spacers carrying one conjugated side chain at different positions can markedly enhance the photovoltaic properties relative to the corresponding control molecule IDTT2F.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shouli Ming
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Cai'e Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Qinglin Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Qingdao University of Science & Technology , Qingdao 266042 , China
| | - Zaifei Ma
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering , Donghua University , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Jinsheng Song
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials , Henan University , Kaifeng 475004 , China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| |
Collapse
|
509
|
Liu S, Huang C, Zhang J, Tian S, Li C, Fu N, Wang L, Zhao B, Huang W. Synthesis of Sulfur-Hybridized Pyracylene and the Unexpected Phenyl Shift Mediated Rearrangement of Scholl Reaction. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
| | - Chengting Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
| | - Siyu Tian
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
| | - Chang Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
| | - Nina Fu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
| | - Baomin Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors; Institute of Advanced Materials; National Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road 210023 Nanjing China
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE); Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU); 710072 Xi'an China
| |
Collapse
|
510
|
Zhang C, Heumueller T, Gruber W, Almora O, Du X, Ying L, Chen J, Unruh T, Cao Y, Li N, Brabec CJ. Comprehensive Investigation and Analysis of Bulk-Heterojunction Microstructure of High-Performance PCE11:PCBM Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:18555-18563. [PMID: 31046222 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide research efforts have been devoted to organic photovoltaics in the hope of a large-scale commercial application in the near future. To meet the industrial production requirements, organic photovoltaics that can reach power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 10% along with promising operational device stability are of utmost interest. In the study, we take PCE11:PCBM as a model system, which can achieve over 11% PCE when processed from nonhalogen solvents, to deeply investigate the morphology-performance-stability correlation. We demonstrate that four batches of PCE11 with varying crystalline properties can achieve similar high performance in combination with PCBM. Careful device optimization is necessary in each case to properly address the requirements for the quite distinct microstructures. The bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) microstructure is comprehensively investigated as a function of the macromolecular weight and crystallinity. It is demonstrated that small differences in morphology significantly affect the kinetics and thermodynamic equilibrium of the BHJ microstructure as well as the photostability and thermal stability of the PCE11:PCBM solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohong Zhang
- SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies , Southern University of Science and Technology , No. 1088, Xueyuan Road , 518055 Shenzhen , Guangdong , P. R. China
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET) , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Martensstrasse 7 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Thomas Heumueller
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET) , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Martensstrasse 7 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gruber
- Institute for Crystallography and Structure Physics , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Staudtstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Osbel Almora
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET) , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Martensstrasse 7 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET) , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Martensstrasse 7 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Lei Ying
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road , 510640 Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Junwu Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road , 510640 Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Tobias Unruh
- Institute for Crystallography and Structure Physics , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Staudtstrasse 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , 381 Wushan Road , 510640 Guangzhou , P. R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET) , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Martensstrasse 7 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
- National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology , Zhengzhou University , No. 100 Science Avenue , 450002 Zhengzhou , P. R. China
| | - Christoph J Brabec
- Institute Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (i-MEET) , Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg , Martensstrasse 7 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
- Helmholtz-Institute Erlangen-Nürenberg (HIERN) , Immerwahrstr. 2 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
511
|
Firdaus Y, Le Corre VM, Khan JI, Kan Z, Laquai F, Beaujuge PM, Anthopoulos TD. Key Parameters Requirements for Non-Fullerene-Based Organic Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiency >20. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1802028. [PMID: 31065524 PMCID: PMC6498106 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201802028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The reported power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of nonfullerene acceptor (NFA) based organic photovoltaics (OPVs) now exceed 14% and 17% for single-junction and two-terminal tandem cells, respectively. However, increasing the PCE further requires an improved understanding of the factors limiting the device efficiency. Here, the efficiency limits of single-junction and two-terminal tandem NFA-based OPV cells are examined with the aid of a numerical device simulator that takes into account the optical properties of the active material(s), charge recombination effects, and the hole and electron mobilities in the active layer of the device. The simulations reveal that single-junction NFA OPVs can potentially reach PCE values in excess of 18% with mobility values readily achievable in existing material systems. Furthermore, it is found that balanced electron and hole mobilities of >10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 in combination with low nongeminate recombination rate constants of 10-12 cm3 s-1 could lead to PCE values in excess of 20% and 25% for single-junction and two-terminal tandem OPV cells, respectively. This analysis provides the first tangible description of the practical performance targets and useful design rules for single-junction and tandem OPVs based on NFA materials, emphasizing the need for developing new material systems that combine these desired characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliar Firdaus
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringThuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Vincent M. Le Corre
- University of GroningenZernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsNijenborgh 49747AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Jafar I. Khan
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringThuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhipeng Kan
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringThuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Frédéric Laquai
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringThuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Pierre M. Beaujuge
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringThuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas D. Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)KAUST Solar Center (KSC)Division of Physical Sciences and EngineeringThuwal23955–6900Saudi Arabia
- Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonSouth KensingtonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| |
Collapse
|
512
|
Meng L, Yi YQQ, Wan X, Zhang Y, Ke X, Kan B, Wang Y, Xia R, Yip HL, Li C, Chen Y. A Tandem Organic Solar Cell with PCE of 14.52% Employing Subcells with the Same Polymer Donor and Two Absorption Complementary Acceptors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1804723. [PMID: 30907041 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201804723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The tandem structure is an efficient way to simultaneously tackle absorption and thermalization losses of the single junction solar cells. In this work, a high-performance tandem organic solar cell (OSC) using two subcells with the same donor poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thienyl-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione))] (PBDB-T) and two acceptors, F-M and 2,9-bis(2-methylene-(3(1,1-dicyanomethylene)benz[f ]indanone))7,12-dihydro-(4,4,10,10-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-5,11-diocthylthieno[3',2':4,5]cyclopenta[1,2-b]thieno[2″,3″:3',4']cyclopenta[1',2':4,5]thieno[2,3-f][1]benzothiophene (NNBDT), with complementary absorptions is demonstrated. The two subcells show high Voc with value of 0.99 V for the front cell and 0.86 V for the rear cell, which is the prerequisite for obtaining high Voc of their series-connected tandem device. Although there is much absorption overlap for the subcells, a decent Jsc of the tandem cell is still obtained owing to the complementary absorption of the two acceptors in a wide range. With systematic device optimizations, a best power conversion efficiency of 14.52% is achieved for the tandem device, with a high Voc of 1.82 V, a notable FF of 74.7%, and a decent Jsc of 10.68 mA cm-2 . This work demonstrates a promising strategy of fabricating high-efficiency tandem OSCs through elaborate selection of the active layer materials in each subcell and tradeoff of the Voc and Jsc of the tandem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingxian Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yuan-Qiu-Qiang Yi
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xiangjian Wan
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Ke
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Bin Kan
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yanbo Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ruoxi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hin-Lap Yip
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
513
|
Dey S. Recent Progress in Molecular Design of Fused Ring Electron Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1900134. [PMID: 30989808 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The quest for sustainable energy sources has led to accelerated growth in research of organic solar cells (OSCs). A solution-processed bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) OSC generally contains a donor and expensive fullerene acceptors (FAs). The last 20 years have been devoted by the OSC community to developing donor materials, specifically low bandgap polymers, to complement FAs in BHJs. The current improvement from ≈2.5% in 2013 to 17.3% in 2018 in OSC performance is primarily credited to novel nonfullerene acceptors (NFA), especially fused ring electron acceptors (FREAs). FREAs offer unique advantages over FAs, like broad absorption of solar radiation, and they can be extensively chemically manipulated to tune optoelectronic and morphological properties. Herein, the current status in FREA-based OSCs is summarized, such as design strategies for both wide and narrow bandgap FREAs for BHJ, all-small-molecule OSCs, semi-transparent OSC, ternary, and tandem solar cells. The photovoltaics parameters for FREAs are summarized and discussed. The focus is on the various FREA structures and their role in optical and morphological tuning. Besides, the advantages and drawbacks of both FAs and NFAs are discussed. Finally, an outlook in the field of FREA-OSCs for future material design and challenges ahead is provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Chemistry & Earth Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
514
|
Tamilavan V, Lee J, Kwon JH, Jang S, Shin I, Agneeswari R, Jung JH, Jin Y, Park SH. Side-chain influences on the properties of benzodithiophene-alt-di(thiophen-2-yl)quinoxaline polymers for fullerene-free organic solar cells. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
515
|
Pang S, Liu L, Sun X, Dong S, Wang Z, Zhang R, Guo Y, Li W, Zheng N, Duan C, Huang F, Cao Y. A Wide-Bandgap Conjugated Polymer Based on Quinoxalino[6,5-f ]quinoxaline for Fullerene and Non-Fullerene Polymer Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900120. [PMID: 31021506 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A wide-bandgap conjugated polymer, PNQx-2F2T, based on a ring-fused unit of quinoxalino[6,5-f ]quinoxaline (NQx), is synthesized for use as electron donor in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The polymer shows intense light absorption in the range from 300 to 740 nm and favorable energy levels of frontier molecular orbitals. The polymer has afforded decent device performance when blended with either fullerene-based acceptor [6,6]-phenyl-C71 -butylric acid methyl ester ([70]PCBM) or non-fullerene acceptor 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone-methyl))-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-n-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d: 2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (IT-M). The highest PCEs of 7.9% and 7.5% have been achieved for [70]PCBM or IT-M based PSCs, respectively. Moreover, the influence of molecular weight of PNQx-2F2T on solar cell performance has been investigated. It is found that fullerene-based devices prefer higher polymer molecular weight, while non-fullerene devices are not susceptible to the molecular weight of PNQx-2F2T. The device results are extensively explained by electrical and morphological characterizations. This work not only evidences the potential of NQx for constructing high-performance photovoltaic polymers but also demonstrates a useful structure-performance relationship for efficiency enhancement of non-fullerene PSCs via the development of new conjugated polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Pang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China.,South China Institute of Collaborative Innovation, Dongguan, 523808, P. R. China
| | - Liqian Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Sheng Dong
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yiting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Duan
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
516
|
A diketopyrrolopyrrole-based nonfullerene acceptor for organic solar cells with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.17 V. Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-019-0197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
517
|
Liu K, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Tuning the Structure and Electronic Properties of B–N Fused Dipyridylanthracene and Implications on the Self-Sensitized Reactivity with Singlet Oxygen. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:7453-7462. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanglei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Roger A. Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University−Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| |
Collapse
|
518
|
Liu X, Yan Y, Honarfar A, Yao Y, Zheng K, Liang Z. Unveiling Excitonic Dynamics in High-Efficiency Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells to Direct Morphological Optimization for Suppressing Charge Recombination. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1802103. [PMID: 31016115 PMCID: PMC6468965 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201802103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs)-based organic solar cells (OSCs) have recently drawn considerable research interests; however, their excitonic dynamics seems quite different than that of fullerene acceptors-based devices and remains to be largely explored. A random terpolymer of PBBF11 to pair with a paradigm NFA of 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone)-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene (ITIC) such that both complementary optical absorption and very small offsets of both highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels are acquired is designed and synthesized. Despite the small energy offsets, efficient electron/hole transfer between PBBF11 and ITIC is both clearly observed from steady-state photoluminescence and transient absorption spectra and also supported by the measured low exciton binding energy in ITIC. Consequently, the PBBF11:ITIC-based OSCs afford an encouraging power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.02%. Although the good miscibility of PBBF11 and ITIC induces a homogenous blend film morphology, it causes severe charge recombination. The fullerene acceptor of PC71BM with varying loading ratios is therefore added to modulate film morphology to effectively reduce the charge recombination. As a result, the optimal OSCs based on PBBF11:ITIC:PC71BM yield a better PCE of 11.4% without any additive or annealing treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Yajie Yan
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Alireza Honarfar
- Department of Chemical Physics and NanoLundLund UniversityP.O. Box 12422100LundSweden
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China
| | - Kaibo Zheng
- Department of Chemical Physics and NanoLundLund UniversityP.O. Box 12422100LundSweden
- Department of ChemistryTechnical University of DenmarkDK‐2800Kongens LyngbyDenmark
| | - Ziqi Liang
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| |
Collapse
|
519
|
Huang X, Hu M, Zhao X, Li C, Yuan Z, Liu X, Cai C, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Chen Y. Subphthalocyanine Triimides: Solution Processable Bowl-Shaped Acceptors for Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells. Org Lett 2019; 21:3382-3386. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
520
|
Zhao CM, Wang KR, Wang C, He X, Li XL. Cooling-Induced NIR Emission Enhancement and Targeting Fluorescence Imaging of Biperylene Monoimide and Glycodendrimer Conjugates. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:381-386. [PMID: 35651141 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Under high concentrations, strong pressure, and low temperature, fluorophores usually exhibit the fluorescence quenching phenomenon. Of significance, the development of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and pressure-induced emission (PIE) fluorophores has perfectly prevented fluorescence quenching under high concentrations and strong pressure. However, cooling-induced fluorescence quenching in water is still an urgent problem. In this paper, cooling-induced emission (CIE) enhancement based on a biperylene monoimide (BPMI) derivative, BPMI-18Lac, with a conjugated lactose-based glycodendrimer was developed. BPMI-18Lac, as a non-AIE molecule, exhibited the CIE phenomenon with a fluorescent intensity increasing 7-fold when the temperature decreased from 80 to -40 °C. The mechanism was due to the inhibition of the intramolecular electron interactions between the perylene monoimide moieties linked by the C-C single bond. In addition, BPMI-18Lac, as a multivalent glycodendrimer, showed selective fluorescence imaging for HepG 2 cells through the ASGP receptor on the cell surface. Importantly, this work developed a water-soluble CIE molecule for potential application below freezing temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Miao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ke-Rang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xu He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiao-Liu Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| |
Collapse
|
521
|
Higashino T, Ishida K, Sakurai T, Seki S, Konishi T, Kamada K, Kamada K, Imahori H. Pluripotent Features of Doubly Thiophene‐Fused Benzodiphospholes as Organic Functional Materials. Chemistry 2019; 25:6425-6438. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Higashino
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Keiichi Ishida
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Tsuneaki Sakurai
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Tatsuki Konishi
- Inorganic Functional Materials Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda Osaka 563-8577 Japan
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Science and TechnologyKwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Kenji Kamada
- Inorganic Functional Materials Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda Osaka 563-8577 Japan
| | - Kenji Kamada
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Science and TechnologyKwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo 669-1337 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imahori
- Department of Molecular EngineeringGraduate School of EngineeringKyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS)Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
522
|
Modulating morphology via side-chain engineering of fused ring electron acceptors for high performance organic solar cells. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9453-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
523
|
Marshall N, James W, Fulmer J, Crittenden S, Thompson AB, Ward PA, Rowe GT. Polythiophene Doping of the Cu-Based Metal–Organic Framework (MOF) HKUST-1 Using Innate MOF-Initiated Oxidative Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:5561-5575. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Marshall
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina Aiken (USC Aiken). 471 University Parkway, Aiken, South Carolina 29801, United States
| | - William James
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina Aiken (USC Aiken). 471 University Parkway, Aiken, South Carolina 29801, United States
| | - Jeremy Fulmer
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina Aiken (USC Aiken). 471 University Parkway, Aiken, South Carolina 29801, United States
| | - Scott Crittenden
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina. 712 Main Street, Columbia, South Carolina 28208, United States
| | - Anthony B. Thompson
- Applied Research Center, Savannah River National Laboratory, 301 Gateway Drive, Aiken, South Carolina 29803, United States
| | - Patrick A. Ward
- Applied Research Center, Savannah River National Laboratory, 301 Gateway Drive, Aiken, South Carolina 29803, United States
| | - Gerard T. Rowe
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of South Carolina Aiken (USC Aiken). 471 University Parkway, Aiken, South Carolina 29801, United States
| |
Collapse
|
524
|
Zhao ZW, Duan YC, Pan QQ, Gao Y, Wu Y, Geng Y, Zhao L, Zhang M, Su ZM. A probe into underlying factors affecting utrafast charge transfer at Donor/IDIC interface of all-small-molecule nonfullerene organic solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
525
|
Hu H, Ye L, Ghasemi M, Balar N, Rech JJ, Stuard SJ, You W, O'Connor BT, Ade H. Highly Efficient, Stable, and Ductile Ternary Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells from a Two-Donor Polymer Blend. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1808279. [PMID: 30882967 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201808279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSCs) are one of the most promising cost-effective options for utilizing solar energy, and, while the field of OSCs has progressed rapidly in device performance in the past few years, the stability of nonfullerene OSCs has received less attention. Developing devices with both high performance and long-term stability remains challenging, particularly if the material choice is restricted by roll-to-roll and benign solvent processing requirements and desirable mechanical durability. Building upon the ink (toluene:FTAZ:IT-M) that broke the 10% benchmark when blade-coated in air, a second donor material (PBDB-T) is introduced to stabilize and enhance performance with power conversion efficiency over 13% while keeping toluene as the solvent. More importantly, the ternary OSCs exhibit excellent thermal stability and storage stability while retaining high ductility. The excellent performance and stability are mainly attributed to the inhibition of the crystallization of nonfullerene small-molecular acceptors (SMAs) by introducing a stiff donor that also shows low miscibility with the nonfullerene SMA and a slightly higher highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) than the host polymer. The study indicates that improved stability and performance can be achieved in a synergistic way without significant embrittlement, which will accelerate the future development and application of nonfullerene OSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Hu
- Department of Physics and ORganic and Carbon Electronics Labs (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Long Ye
- Department of Physics and ORganic and Carbon Electronics Labs (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Masoud Ghasemi
- Department of Physics and ORganic and Carbon Electronics Labs (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Nrup Balar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and ORaCEL, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jeromy James Rech
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Samuel J Stuard
- Department of Physics and ORganic and Carbon Electronics Labs (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Wei You
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Brendan T O'Connor
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and ORaCEL, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics and ORganic and Carbon Electronics Labs (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| |
Collapse
|
526
|
Xu X, Zhang G, Li Y, Peng Q. The recent progress of wide bandgap donor polymers towards non-fullerene organic solar cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
527
|
Wu Q, Deng D, Zhang J, Zou W, Yang Y, Wang Z, Li H, Zhou R, Lu K, Wei Z. Fluorination-substitution effect on all-small-molecule organic solar cells. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9437-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
528
|
Zhang R, Wang J, Liu X, Pang S, Duan C, Huang F, Cao Y. High open-circuit voltage organic solar cells enabled by a difluorobenzoxadiazole-based conjugated polymer donor. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
529
|
Di Carlo Rasi D, Janssen RAJ. Advances in Solution-Processed Multijunction Organic Solar Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806499. [PMID: 30589124 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of organic solar cells can benefit from multijunction device architectures, in which energy losses are substantially reduced. Herein, recent developments in the field of solution-processed multijunction organic solar cells are described. Recently, various strategies have been investigated and implemented to improve the performance of these devices. Next to developing new materials and processing methods for the photoactive and interconnecting layers, specific layers or stacks are designed to increase light absorption and improve the photocurrent by utilizing optical interference effects. These activities have resulted in power conversion efficiencies that approach those of modern thin film photovoltaic technologies. Multijunction cells require more elaborate and intricate characterization procedures to establish their efficiency correctly and a critical view on the results and new insights in this matter are discussed. Application of multijunction cells in photoelectrochemical water splitting and upscaling toward a commercial technology is briefly addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Di Carlo Rasi
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, De Zaale 20, 5612, AJ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
530
|
Chen CH, Ting HC, Li YZ, Lo YC, Sher PH, Wang JK, Chiu TL, Lin CF, Hsu IS, Lee JH, Liu SW, Wong KT. New D-A-A-Configured Small-Molecule Donors for High-Efficiency Vacuum-Processed Organic Photovoltaics under Ambient Light. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8337-8349. [PMID: 30714358 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Four new donor-acceptor-acceptor (D-A-A) type molecules (DTCPB, DTCTB, DTCPBO, and DTCTBO), wherein benzothiadiazole or benzoxadiazole serves as the central A bridging triarylamine (D) and cyano group (terminal A), have been synthesized and characterized. The intramolecular charge-transfer character renders these molecules with strong visible light absorption and forms antiparallel dimeric crystal packing with evident π-π intermolecular interactions. The characteristics of the vacuum-processed photovoltaic device with a bulk heterojunction active layer employing these molecules as electronic donors combining C70 as electronic acceptor were examined and a clear structure-property-performance relationship was concluded. Among them, the DTCPB-based device delivers the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 6.55% under AM 1.5 G irradiation. The study of PCE dependence on the light intensity indicates the DTCPB-based device exhibits superior exciton dissociation and less propensity of geminated recombination, which was further verified by a steady photoluminescence study. The DTCPB-based device was further optimized to give an improved PCE up to 6.96% with relatively high stability under AM 1.5 G continuous light-soaking for 150 h. This device can also perform a PCE close to 16% under a TLD-840 fluorescent lamp (800 lux), indicating its promising prospect for indoor photovoltaic application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pin-Hao Sher
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science , Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Juen-Kai Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science , Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Tien-Lung Chiu
- Department of Electrical Engineering , Yuan Ze University , Taoyuan 32003 , Taiwan
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering , National United University , Miaoli 36003 , Taiwan
| | - Chi-Feng Lin
- Department of Electro-Optical Engineering , National United University , Miaoli 36003 , Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science , Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
531
|
Doumon NY, Dryzhov MV, Houard FV, Le Corre VM, Rahimi Chatri A, Christodoulis P, Koster LJA. Photostability of Fullerene and Non-Fullerene Polymer Solar Cells: The Role of the Acceptor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:8310-8318. [PMID: 30701959 PMCID: PMC6396122 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the advent of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) made it possible for organic solar cells (OSCs) to break the 10% efficiency barrier hardly attained by fullerene acceptors (FAs). In the past five years alone, more than hundreds of NFAs with applications in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have been synthesized, enabling a notable current record efficiency of above 15%. Hence, there is a shift in interest toward the use of NFAs in OPVs. However, there has been little work on the stability of these new materials in devices. More importantly, there is very little comparative work on the photostability of FA versus NFA solar cells to ascertain the pros and cons of the two systems. Here, we show the photostability of solar cells based on two workhorse acceptors, in both conventional and inverted structures, namely, ITIC (as NFA) and [70]PCBM (as FA), blended with either PBDB-T or PTB7-Th polymer. We found that, irrespective of the polymer, the cell structure, or the initial efficiency, the [70]PCBM devices are more photostable than the ITIC ones. This observation, however, opposes the assumption that NFA solar cells are more photochemically stable. These findings suggest that complementary absorption should not take precedence in the design rules for the synthesis of new molecules and there is still work left to be done to achieve stable and efficient OSCs.
Collapse
|
532
|
Manion JG, Panchuk JR, Seferos DS. Applying Heteroatom Substitution in Organic Photovoltaics. CHEM REC 2019; 19:1113-1122. [PMID: 30793821 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3-alkylthiophene) (P3AT) has been a central focus of research on organic photovoltaics (OPVs) for well over a decade. Due to their controlled synthesis P3ATs have proven to be a vital model system for developing an understanding of the effects of polymer structure on optoelectronic properties and blend morphology in bulk heterojunction OPVs. Similar to their thiophene counterparts, selenophene and tellurophene can be polymerized in a controlled manner. As single atom substitution results in significant differences in absorption, charge transport and self-assembly these model systems provide a unique opportunity to probe fundamental structure-property relationships. In this account, we provide an overview of our work on copolymers of thiophene and selenophene and examine how the optoelectronic and morphological behavior of these materials can be strategically adjusted through polymer design. We also highlight recent developments on poly(3-alkyltellurophene) and comment on its future in fundamental and applied studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Manion
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, CAN M5S 3H6
| | - Jenny R Panchuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, CAN M5S 3H6
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, CAN M5S 3H6
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON, CAN M5S 3E5
| |
Collapse
|
533
|
Feng K, Yuan J, Bi Z, Ma W, Xu X, Zhang G, Peng Q. Low-Energy-Loss Polymer Solar Cells with 14.52% Efficiency Enabled by Wide-Band-Gap Copolymers. iScience 2019; 12:1-12. [PMID: 30665194 PMCID: PMC6348165 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Two wide band-gap copolymers poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-butylhexylthio)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-TZNT] (PBDTS-TZNT) and poly[4,8-bis(4-fluoro-5-(2-butylhexylthio)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-TZNT] (PBDTSF-TZNT) based on naphtho[1,2-c:5,6-c]bis(2-octyl-[1,2,3]triazole) (TZNT) and benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT) with different conjugated side chains have been developed for efficient nonfullerene polymer solar cells (NF-PSCs). The rigid planar backbone of BDT and TZNT units imparted high crystallinity and good molecular stacking property to these copolymers. Using 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone)-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']-dithiophene (ITIC) as the acceptor, PBDTSF-TZNT devices showed a high Voc of 0.98 V with an Eloss of 0.61 eV. On selecting 3,9-bis(2-methylene-(5,6-difluoro-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone)-5,5,11,11-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno[2,3-d:2',3'-d']-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']-dithiophene (IT-4F) instead of ITIC, the devices maintained the high Voc of 0.93 V with an even lower Eloss of 0.59 eV. The combination of the above-mentioned low Eloss, broadened absorption, better matched energy level, improved crystallinity, and fine-tuned morphology promoted the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PBDTSF-TZNT:IT-4F devices from 12.16% to 13.25%. Homo-tandem devices based on PBDTSF-TZNT:IT-4F subcells further enhanced the light-harvesting ability and boosted the PCE of 14.52%, which is the best value for homo-tandem NF-PSCs at present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PRC
| | - Jian Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PRC
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PRC
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PRC.
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PRC
| | - Guangjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PRC
| | - Qiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, PRC.
| |
Collapse
|
534
|
Yang F, Zhao W, Zhu Q, Li C, Ma W, Hou J, Li W. Boosting the Performance of Non-Fullerene Organic Solar Cells via Cross-Linked Donor Polymers Design. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qinglian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
535
|
Wang G, Melkonyan FS, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. All‐Polymer Solar Cells: Recent Progress, Challenges, and Prospects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4129-4142. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry the Materials Research Center the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Ferdinand S. Melkonyan
- Department of Chemistry the Materials Research Center the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry the Materials Research Center the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Flexterra Corporation 8025 Lamon Avenue Skokie IL 60077 USA
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry the Materials Research Center the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| |
Collapse
|
536
|
Wang G, Melkonyan FS, Facchetti A, Marks TJ. Polymersolarzellen: Fortschritt, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Chemistry the Materials Research Center the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Ferdinand S. Melkonyan
- Department of Chemistry the Materials Research Center the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry the Materials Research Center the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
- Flexterra Corporation 8025 Lamon Avenue Skokie IL 60077 USA
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry the Materials Research Center the Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA
| |
Collapse
|
537
|
Yuan J, Huang T, Cheng P, Zou Y, Zhang H, Yang JL, Chang SY, Zhang Z, Huang W, Wang R, Meng D, Gao F, Yang Y. Enabling low voltage losses and high photocurrent in fullerene-free organic photovoltaics. Nat Commun 2019; 10:570. [PMID: 30718494 PMCID: PMC6362024 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08386-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant development recently, improving the power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is still an ongoing challenge to overcome. One of the prerequisites to achieving this goal is to enable efficient charge separation and small voltage losses at the same time. In this work, a facile synthetic strategy is reported, where optoelectronic properties are delicately tuned by the introduction of electron-deficient-core-based fused structure into non-fullerene acceptors. Both devices exhibited a low voltage loss of 0.57 V and high short-circuit current density of 22.0 mA cm-2, resulting in high power conversion efficiencies of over 13.4%. These unconventional electron-deficient-core-based non-fullerene acceptors with near-infrared absorption lead to low non-radiative recombination losses in the resulting organic photovoltaics, contributing to a certified high power conversion efficiency of 12.6%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Pei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Yingping Zou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China.
| | - Huotian Zhang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jonathan Lee Yang
- College of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Sheng-Yung Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Wenchao Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Dong Meng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
538
|
Patel J, Sharma A, Chauhan M, Aatif M, Vashistha N, Kumar M, Tripathi B, Chand S, Tiwari JP, Pandey MK. Understanding charge carrier dynamics in a P3HT:FLR blend. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:2771-2782. [PMID: 30667010 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05518a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In organic semiconductors, optical absorption is pivotal for the performance of optoelectronic devices. The absorption by the semiconductors generates excitons which dissociate into free charge carriers, resulting in energy conversion. Although high performance has been achieved in non-fullerene organic solar cells, their charge generation behavior is far from being well understood. Keeping this in view, we have employed optical spectroscopic tools to study the charge generation mechanism in FLR (1,6,7,10-tetramethylfluoranthene) as a non-fullerene electron acceptor blended with P3HT (poly(3-hexylthiophene)) as an electron donor in five different solvents. Through steady state UV-visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy, we provide a basic understanding of charge transport by enlightening the influence of solvents on the aggregation behavior and exciton bandwidth. Furthermore, for the first time, by employing ultrafast vis-NIR transient absorption spectroscopy, we address the ultrafast charge generation and charge separation mechanism with systematic variation in solvent polarity by incorporating the time evolution of the transient species under various pump-probe wavelengths in the range of 450 nm to 1600 nm. For the different excitation wavelengths, the lifetime kinetics have been depicted by their multiexponential fits. The results show a fast decay term at a lifetime of a few picoseconds (ps) (∼1 to 5 ps) and a slow decay term at a lifetime of ∼500 ps. The charge generation in the P3HT:FLR blend proceeds on a ps time scale, which implies good intermixing of the components. It is clearly established that the non-halogenated solvents influence this aggregation behavior and higher conjugation lengths with higher photoluminescence quenching contribute to the higher charge generation. The enhanced polaron population in P3HT with the addition of FLR illustrates the importance of this acceptor material in the blend because a good solvent-material combination is essential to enhance the charge generation. As such, this comprehensive study explicitly shows the role of FLR as an emerging efficient non-fullerene acceptor for further improving the performance of devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Patel
- Department of Science, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar 382007, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
539
|
Xu Y, Yao H, Hou J. Recent Advances in Fullerene-free Polymer Solar Cells: Materials and Devices. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jianhui Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| |
Collapse
|
540
|
Chen JB, Zhou C, Lu RQ, Wang XC, Qu H, Saha M, Liu HL, Zhang H, Cao XY. Triindolo-Truxene Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, and Fine-Tuning of Electronic Properties and Molecular Assembly through Molecular Engineering. Chemistry 2019; 25:1293-1299. [PMID: 30334293 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Triindolo-truxene, a C3 -symmetric molecule with a large π-conjugated plane, has six methylene carbon atoms and three aromatic carbon atoms that can be facilely functionalized. Herein, butyl, carbonyl, cyano, and/or malononitrile groups were introduced at six methylene carbon atoms (6-, 14-, 22- or 8-, 16-, 24-positions) and/or three aromatic carbon atoms (2-, 10-, and 18-positions) of triindolo-truxene to produce eight derivatives. Their photophysical properties, electrochemical properties, and molecular assembly can be effectively modulated by substituents and substitution patterns. Incorporation of electron-deficient groups led to redshifts in both the absorption and emission of these derivatives and also lowered their HOMO and LUMO levels. Different substitution patterns resulted in the different intramolecular donor-acceptor interactions. Electron-deficient substituents at the methylene carbon atoms in the 6-, 14-, and 22-positions led to intramolecular charge transfer from the fluorene arms to the truxene core, whereas the corresponding substitutions at the methylene carbon atoms in the 8-, 16-, and 24-positions resulted in intramolecular charge transfer from the truxene core to the fluorene arms. The molecular packing in single crystals and molecular aggregation in solution are also influenced by the substituents and substitution patterns. This work provides a straightforward strategy to alter the properties of triindolo-truxene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Cen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Ru-Qiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Mithu Saha
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
541
|
Feng S, Zhang C, Bi Z, Liu Y, Jiang P, Ming S, Xu X, Ma W, Bo Z. Controlling Molecular Packing and Orientation via Constructing a Ladder-Type Electron Acceptor with Asymmetric Substituents for Thick-Film Nonfullerene Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3098-3106. [PMID: 30585714 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A nonfullerene acceptor, IDTT-OB, employing indacenodithieno[3,2- b]thiophene (IDTT) decorated with asymmetric substituents as the core, is designedly prepared. In comparison with the analogue IDT-OB, extending the five-heterocyclic indacenodithiophene (IDT) core to seven-heterocyclic fused ring endows IDTT-OB with more broad absorption and elevated highest occupied molecular orbital energy level. In addition, IDTT-OB shows a more intense molecular packing and a higher crystalline behavior with a strong face-on orientation in the neat film and the PBDB-T:IDTT-OB blend film. Furthermore, an ideal nanomorphology with a domain size of 19 nm can be obtained, which is in favor of exciton diffusion and charge separation. Accordingly, PBDB-T:IDTT-OB-based polymer solar cells demonstrate a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCEmax) of 11.19% with an impressive fill factor of 0.74, comparable to the state-of-the-art acceptors with similar molecular backbones. More importantly, IDTT-OB-based devices show good tolerance to the film thickness, which maintain a high PCE of 10.20% with a 250 nm thick active layer, demonstrating that the asymmetric acceptor is profound for fabricating high-efficiency thick-film nonfullerene solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Cai'e Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Shouli Ming
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Xinjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry , Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| |
Collapse
|
542
|
Deng M, Xu X, Lee YW, Woo HY, Bi Z, Ma W, Li Y, Peng Q. Dithienothiapyran: An Excellent Donor Block for Building High-Performance Copolymers in Nonfullerene Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:3308-3316. [PMID: 30584758 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new but excellent donor block dithienothiapyran (DTTP) was developed for constructing highly efficient wide band gap copolymer donors. Compared to dithienopyran (DTP), DTTP features weaken electron-donating ability and more planar-conjugated backbones. Polymer-fluorinated benzotriazole (FBTA) based on DTTP exhibits lower highest occupied molecular orbital level (-5.30 vs -5.21 eV), higher molar extinction coefficient (1.54 × 105 vs 8.65 × 104 M-1 cm-1), and better crystallinity than -FBTA based on DTP, thus producing a higher device performance of 10.51% in binary blend nonfullerene polymer solar cells (NF-PSCs) blended with IT-M. To improve the absorption strength of PDTTP-FBTA: devices in the shorter wavelength range and further optimize the blend morphology, a small molecule of , which has strong absorption at short wavelength (300-600 nm), was incorporated. Finally, the performance of the ternary blends was successfully enhanced to 11.57% and a very high fill factor of 76.5%. Our work provided a new but excellent donor block for building high-performance conjugated copolymers to achieve highly efficient NF-PSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Deng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Young Woong Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 136-713 , Republic of Korea
| | - Han Young Woo
- Department of Chemistry , Korea University , Seoul 136-713 , Republic of Korea
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| | - Qiang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, and State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610064 , P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
543
|
Ultrafast hole transfer mediated by polaron pairs in all-polymer photovoltaic blends. Nat Commun 2019; 10:398. [PMID: 30674887 PMCID: PMC6344565 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The charge separation yield at a bulk heterojunction sets the upper efficiency limit of an organic solar cell. Ultrafast charge transfer processes in polymer/fullerene blends have been intensively studied but much less is known about these processes in all-polymer systems. Here, we show that interfacial charge separation can occur through a polaron pair-derived hole transfer process in all-polymer photovoltaic blends, which is a fundamentally different mechanism compared to the exciton-dominated pathway in the polymer/fullerene blends. By utilizing ultrafast optical measurements, we have clearly identified an ultrafast hole transfer process with a lifetime of about 3 ps mediated by photo-excited polaron pairs which has a markedly high quantum efficiency of about 97%. Spectroscopic data show that excitons act as spectators during the efficient hole transfer process. Our findings suggest an alternative route to improve the efficiency of all-polymer solar devices by manipulating polaron pairs. All-polymer solar cells have shown high efficiencies but the ultrafast charge transfer processes are less known. Here Wang et al. show that polaron pairs play vital role facilitating the hole transfer, which is quite different from the exciton dominated pathway in polymer-fullerene blends.
Collapse
|
544
|
Aldrich TJ, Matta M, Zhu W, Swick SM, Stern CL, Schatz GC, Facchetti A, Melkonyan FS, Marks TJ. Fluorination Effects on Indacenodithienothiophene Acceptor Packing and Electronic Structure, End-Group Redistribution, and Solar Cell Photovoltaic Response. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3274-3287. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Facchetti
- Flexterra Corporation, 8025 Lamon Avenue, Skokie, Illinois 60077, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
545
|
Mahmood A, Tang A, Wang X, Zhou E. First-principles theoretical designing of planar non-fullerene small molecular acceptors for organic solar cells: manipulation of noncovalent interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:2128-2139. [PMID: 30644477 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05763j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Non-fullerene small molecular acceptors (NFSMAs) exhibit promising photovoltaic performance; however, their electron mobilities are still relatively lower than those of fullerene derivatives. The construction of a highly planar conjugated system is an important strategy to achieve high charge mobility. In chemical parlance, it is tedious and costly to synthesize planar compounds by restricting the rotation at a specific bond. Recently, nonbonding intramolecular interactions, also termed "conformational locks," have been considered as an alternative way to achieve planar geometry. The successful implementation of this approach for designing polymers has been extensively reported. Recently, several examples of NFSMAs containing conformational locks have been presented in the literature. This situation encourages us to perform a detailed theoretical investigation in designing planar small molecular acceptors. Various nonbonding interactions were studied using accurate computational methods, and molecules with multiple nonbonding interactions showed high planarity. Planar acceptors showed red-shifted absorption with high oscillator strengths. In addition, backbone planarity plays a very important role in tuning the charge transport properties and decreasing reorganization energy. Our results could provide important information to guide the further design of promising NFSMA materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Mahmood
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
546
|
Yu J, Chen P, Koh CW, Wang H, Yang K, Zhou X, Liu B, Liao Q, Chen J, Sun H, Woo HY, Zhang S, Guo X. Phthalimide-Based High Mobility Polymer Semiconductors for Efficient Nonfullerene Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiencies over 13. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801743. [PMID: 30693192 PMCID: PMC6343056 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient nonfullerene polymer solar cells (PSCs) are developed based on two new phthalimide-based polymers phthalimide-difluorobenzothiadiazole (PhI-ffBT) and fluorinated phthalimide-ffBT (ffPhI-ffBT). Compared to all high-performance polymers reported, which are exclusively based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (BDT), both PhI-ffBT and ffPhI-ffBT are BDT-free and feature a D-A1-D-A2 type backbone. Incorporating a second acceptor unit difluorobenzothiadiazole leads to polymers with low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital levels (≈-5.6 eV) and a complementary absorption with the narrow bandgap nonfullerene acceptor IT-4F. Moreover, these BDT-free polymers show substantially higher hole mobilities than BDT-based polymers, which are beneficial to charge transport and extraction in solar cells. The PSCs containing difluorinated phthalimide-based polymer ffPhI-ffBT achieve a substantial PCE of 12.74% and a large V oc of 0.94 V, and the PSCs containing phthalimide-based polymer PhI-ffBT show a further increased PCE of 13.31% with a higher J sc of 19.41 mA cm-2 and a larger fill factor of 0.76. The 13.31% PCE is the highest value except the widely studied BDT-based polymers and is also the highest among all benzothiadiazole-based polymers. The results demonstrate that phthalimides are excellent building blocks for enabling donor polymers with the state-of-the-art performance in nonfullerene PSCs and the BDT is not necessary for constructing such donor polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)30 South Puzhu RoadNanjing211816China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Chang Woo Koh
- Research Institute for Natural SciencesDepartment of ChemistryKorea UniversitySeoul136‐713South Korea
| | - Hang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)30 South Puzhu RoadNanjing211816China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Qiaogan Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Huiliang Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| | - Han Young Woo
- Research Institute for Natural SciencesDepartment of ChemistryKorea UniversitySeoul136‐713South Korea
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM)Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)30 South Puzhu RoadNanjing211816China
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and The Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Printed Organic ElectronicsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088, Xueyuan RoadShenzhenGuangdong518055China
| |
Collapse
|
547
|
Sauvé G. Designing Alternative Non-Fullerene Molecular Electron Acceptors for Solution-Processable Organic Photovoltaics. CHEM REC 2019; 19:1078-1092. [PMID: 30663230 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, solution-processable organic photovoltaics (OPVs) mainly relied on fullerene derivatives as the n-type material, paired with a p-type conjugated polymer. However, fullerene derivatives have disadvantages that limit OPV performance, thus fueling research of non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). Initially, NFAs showed poor performance due to difficulties in obtaining favorable blend morphologies. One example is our work with 2,6-dialkylamino core-substituted naphthalene diimides. Researchers then learned to control blend morphology by NFA molecular design. To limit miscibility with polymer while preventing excessive self-aggregation, non-planar, twisted or 3D structures were reported. An example of a 3D structure is our work with homoleptic zinc(II) complexes of azadipyrromethene. The most recent design is a planar A-D-A conjugated system where the D unit is rigid and has orthogonal side chains to control aggregation. These have propelled power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) to ∼14 %, surpassing fullerene-based OPVs. These exciting new developments prompt further investigations of NFAs and provide a bright future for OPVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland OH, 44106
| |
Collapse
|
548
|
Wang W, Wu X, Hang H, Li H, Chen Y, Xu Q, Tong H, Wang L. Star-Shaped and Fused Electron Acceptors based on C 3h -Symmetric Coplanar Trindeno[1, 2-b: 4, 5-b': 7, 8-b'']trithiophene Core for Non-Fullerene Solar Cells. Chemistry 2019; 25:1055-1063. [PMID: 30351501 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two new star-shaped and fused electron acceptors, TITT-3IC and TITT-3ICF have been designed and synthesized, which consist of a C3h -symmetric coplanar trindeno[1, 2-b: 4, 5-b': 7, 8-b'']trithiophene (TITT) as the central core and 3-(dicyanomethylidene)indan-1-one and 2-(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene) malononitrile as the peripheral electron-withdrawing groups, respectively. With the large coplanar configuration and electron-rich nature of π-conjugated backbone, these two acceptors exhibit strong intermolecular charge transfer absorption in the region of 500-650 nm with the optical band gaps around 1.9 eV. Relative to TITT-3IC, TITT-3ICF shows the downshifted LUMO level and the slightly redshifted absorption with the higher molar extinction coefficient due to the stronger electron-withdrawing effect of fluorination. When blending with PTB7-Th, the TITT-3ICF-based device displays a higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.26 % than the TITT-3IC-based device (PCE=3.87 %). Comparing with the TITT-3IC-based device, the increased short circuit current (JSC ) and fill factor (FF) are responsible for the higher PCE value of the TITT-3ICF-based device, which benefits from its strong and redshifted absorption for light harvesting and proper phase separation morphology for effective exciton dissociation and charge transport. This work demonstrates that as an alternative electron-donating core, TITT will be promising in designing star-shaped non-fullerene materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Hao Hang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Qian Xu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Hui Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
549
|
Fan X, Gao J, Wang W, Xiao S, Zhan C, Lu X, Zhang Q. Ladder‐Type Nonacyclic Arene Bis(thieno[3,2‐b]thieno)cyclopentafluorene as a Promising Building Block for Non‐Fullerene Acceptors. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1814-1822. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Jianhong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Chun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology 122 Luoshi Road Wuhan 430070 P. R. China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of PhysicsChinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
550
|
Rehman T, Liu ZX, Lau TK, Yu Z, Shi M, Lu X, Li CZ, Chen H. Influence of Bridging Groups on the Photovoltaic Properties of Wide-Bandgap Poly(BDTT- alt-BDD)s. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:1394-1401. [PMID: 30516954 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To further advance polymer solar cells requires the fast evolution of π-conjugated materials as well as a better understanding of their structure-property relationships. Herein, we present three copolymers (PT1, PT2, PT3) made through tuning π-bridges (without any group, thiophene, and 3-hexylthieno[3,2- b]thiophene) between electron-rich (D: BDTT) and -deficient (A: BDD) units. The comparative studies reveal the unique correlation that the tune of π-bridge on the polymeric backbone governs the solid stacking and photovoltaic properties of resultant poly(BDTT- alt-BDD)s, which provide an effective way to deliver new and efficient polymer with feasible processability. That is, polymers with either twist zigzag backbone (PT1) or with linear coplanar backbone (PT2) result in inferior photovoltaic performance upon simple solution casting. Among them, PT3 with extended zigzag backbone and planar segments exhibits suitable processability and retains good efficiency in nonfullerene solar cells through a single-solvent cast without involving tedious treatments. This work illustrates that the tuning of the D-π-A polymer backbone facilitates efficient materials with feasible processability, promising for scale-up fabrication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Rehman
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Zhi-Xi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Tsz-Ki Lau
- Department of Physics , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , New Territories , Hong Kong , China
| | - Zhipeng Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Minmin Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Xinhui Lu
- Department of Physics , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , New Territories , Hong Kong , China
| | - Chang-Zhi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| | - Hongzheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China
| |
Collapse
|