601
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Parisi A, Porzio G, Pulcini F, Cannita K, Ficorella C, Mattei V, Delle Monache S. What Is Known about Theragnostic Strategies in Colorectal Cancer. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020140. [PMID: 33535557 PMCID: PMC7912746 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the paradigmatic shift occurred in recent years for defined molecular subtypes in the metastatic setting treatment, colorectal cancer (CRC) still remains an incurable disease in most of the cases. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new tools and biomarkers for both early tumor diagnosis and to improve personalized treatment. Thus, liquid biopsy has emerged as a minimally invasive tool that is capable of detecting genomic alterations from primary or metastatic tumors, allowing the prognostic stratification of patients, the detection of the minimal residual disease after surgical or systemic treatments, the monitoring of therapeutic response, and the development of resistance, establishing an opportunity for early intervention before imaging detection or worsening of clinical symptoms. On the other hand, preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrated the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in promoting inflammatory responses and cancer initiation. Altered gut microbiota is associated with resistance to chemo drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors, whereas the use of microbe-targeted therapies including antibiotics, pre-probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation can restore response to anticancer drugs, promote immune response, and therefore support current treatment strategies in CRC. In this review, we aim to summarize preclinical and clinical evidence for the utilization of liquid biopsy and gut microbiota in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Parisi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Medical Oncology Unit, St. Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (G.P.); (K.C.); (C.F.)
| | - Giampiero Porzio
- Medical Oncology Unit, St. Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (G.P.); (K.C.); (C.F.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Fanny Pulcini
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Katia Cannita
- Medical Oncology Unit, St. Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (G.P.); (K.C.); (C.F.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Corrado Ficorella
- Medical Oncology Unit, St. Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (G.P.); (K.C.); (C.F.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Mattei
- Biomedicine and Advanced Technologies Rieti Center, Sabina Universitas, via Angelo Maria Ricci 35A, 02100 Rieti, Italy;
| | - Simona Delle Monache
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-086-243-3569
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602
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Local and systemic mechanisms linking periodontal disease and inflammatory comorbidities. Nat Rev Immunol 2021; 21:426-440. [PMID: 33510490 PMCID: PMC7841384 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-00488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 535] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis, a major inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa, is epidemiologically associated with other chronic inflammation-driven disorders, including cardio-metabolic, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases and cancer. Emerging evidence from interventional studies indicates that local treatment of periodontitis ameliorates surrogate markers of comorbid conditions. The potential causal link between periodontitis and its comorbidities is further strengthened by recent experimental animal studies establishing biologically plausible and clinically consistent mechanisms whereby periodontitis could initiate or aggravate a comorbid condition. This multi-faceted ‘mechanistic causality’ aspect of the link between periodontitis and comorbidities is the focus of this Review. Understanding how certain extra-oral pathologies are affected by disseminated periodontal pathogens and periodontitis-associated systemic inflammation, including adaptation of bone marrow haematopoietic progenitors, may provide new therapeutic options to reduce the risk of periodontitis-associated comorbidities. Periodontitis has been causally linked to the development of other chronic inflammatory diseases outside the oral mucosa. In this Review, George Hajishengallis and Triantafyllos Chavakis consider the molecular basis of these links.
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603
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Mori G, Pasca MR. Gut Microbial Signatures in Sporadic and Hereditary Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031312. [PMID: 33525662 PMCID: PMC7865401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death and the third most common cancer in the world. Depending on the origin of the mutation, colorectal carcinomas are classified as sporadic or hereditary. Cancers derived from mutations appearing during life, affecting individual cells and their descendants, are called sporadic and account for almost 95% of the CRCs. Less than 5% of CRC cases result from constitutional mutations conferring a very high risk of developing cancer. Screening for hereditary-related cancers is offered to individuals at risk for hereditary CRC, who have either not undergone genetic evaluation or have uncertain genetic test results. In this review, we briefly summarize the main findings on the correlation between sporadic CRC and the gut microbiota, and we specifically focus on the few evidences about the role that gut microorganisms have on the development of CRC hereditary syndromes. The characterization of a gut microbiota associated with an increased risk of developing CRC could have a profound impact for prevention purposes. We also discuss the potential role of the gut microbiota as therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Mori
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (M.R.P.); Tel.: +61-4-66344648 (G.M.); +39-0382-985576 (M.R.P.)
| | - Maria Rosalia Pasca
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (M.R.P.); Tel.: +61-4-66344648 (G.M.); +39-0382-985576 (M.R.P.)
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604
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Yakabe K, Uchiyama J, Akiyama M, Kim YG. Understanding Host Immunity and the Gut Microbiota Inspires the New Development of Vaccines and Adjuvants. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:163. [PMID: 33530627 PMCID: PMC7911583 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccinations improve the mortality and morbidity rates associated with several infections through the generation of antigen-specific immune responses. Adjuvants are often used together with vaccines to improve immunogenicity. However, the immune responses induced by most on-going vaccines and adjuvants approved for human use vary in individuals; this is a limitation that must be overcome to improve vaccine efficacy. Several reports have indicated that the symbiotic bacteria, particularly the gut microbiota, impact vaccine-mediated antigen-specific immune responses and promote the induction of nonspecific responses via the "training" of innate immune cells. Therefore, the interaction between gut microbiota and innate immune cells should be considered to ensure the optimal immunogenicity of vaccines and adjuvants. In this review, we first introduce the current knowledge on the immunological mechanisms of vaccines and adjuvants. Subsequently, we discuss how the gut microbiota influences immunity and highlight the relationship between gut microbes and trained innate immunity, vaccines, and adjuvants. Understanding these complex interactions will provide insights into novel vaccine approaches centered on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Yakabe
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (K.Y.); (J.U.); (M.A.)
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Jun Uchiyama
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (K.Y.); (J.U.); (M.A.)
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akiyama
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (K.Y.); (J.U.); (M.A.)
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; (K.Y.); (J.U.); (M.A.)
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605
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González-Mercado VJ, Lim J, Marrero S, Pedro E, Saligan LN. Gut microbiota and fatigue in rectal cancer patients: a cross-sectional pilot study. Support Care Cancer 2021; 29:4615-4621. [PMID: 33495850 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-021-06013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although microbial-mediated disturbance of intestinal mucosal homeostasis (dysbiosis) is believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CRT)-related fatigue, potential differences in the gut microbial diversity and in the abundance of gut microbial taxa between fatigued and non-fatigued patients have not been adequately examined, particularly in the rectal cancer population. PURPOSE In this cross-sectional study, we aim to examine the differences in (a) gut microbial diversity and gut microbial abundances and (b) predicted functional pathways of the gut microbiome between rectal cancer participants with and without fatigue at the end of CRT. METHODS Rectal cancer patients (n = 50) provided stool samples for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and symptom ratings for fatigue at the end of CRT. Gut microbiome data were analyzed using QIIME2, LEfSe, and the R statistical package. RESULTS Fatigued (n = 35) participants showed enriched bacterial abundances of Eubacterium, Streptococcus, Adlercreutzia, and Actinomyces, as well as enriched abundances of the microbial sucrose degradation pathway, compared to non-fatigued patients at the end of CRT (n = 15). CONCLUSIONS Differentially abundant microbial taxa were identified in fatigued and non-fatigued rectal cancer participants at the end of CRT. However, the exact role of these taxa (and identification of species) in the biology of CRT-related fatigue remains to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jean Lim
- University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sara Marrero
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Elsa Pedro
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Science Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Leorey N Saligan
- Symptom Science Center, Principal Investigator, Symptom Biology Unit, Division of Intramural Research, NINR, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, USA
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606
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De Santis S, Liso M, Vacca M, Verna G, Cavalcanti E, Coletta S, Calabrese FM, Eri R, Lippolis A, Armentano R, Mastronardi M, De Angelis M, Chieppa M. Dysbiosis Triggers ACF Development in Genetically Predisposed Subjects. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020283. [PMID: 33466665 PMCID: PMC7828790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, characterized by a multifactorial etiology including genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors including microbiota composition. To address the role of microbial modulation in CRC, we used our recently established mouse model (the Winnie-APCMin/+) combining inflammation and genetics. METHODS Gut microbiota profiling was performed on 8-week-old Winnie-APCMin/+ mice and their littermates by 16S rDNA gene amplicon sequencing. Moreover, to study the impact of dysbiosis induced by the mother's genetics in ACF development, the large intestines of APCMin/+ mice born from wild type mice were investigated by histological analysis at 8 weeks. RESULTS ACF development in 8-week-old Winnie-APCMin/+ mice was triggered by dysbiosis. Specifically, the onset of ACF in genetically predisposed mice may result from dysbiotic signatures in the gastrointestinal tract of the breeders. Additionally, fecal transplant from Winnie donors to APCMin/+ hosts leads to an increased rate of ACF development. CONCLUSIONS The characterization of microbiota profiling supporting CRC development in genetically predisposed mice could help to design therapeutic strategies to prevent dysbiosis. The application of these strategies in mothers during pregnancy and lactation could also reduce the CRC risk in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania De Santis
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Marina Liso
- Research Department, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (E.C.); (S.C.); (A.L.); (R.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Mirco Vacca
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Giulio Verna
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Cavalcanti
- Research Department, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (E.C.); (S.C.); (A.L.); (R.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Sergio Coletta
- Research Department, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (E.C.); (S.C.); (A.L.); (R.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesco Maria Calabrese
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (F.M.C.)
| | - Rajaraman Eri
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS 7250, Australia;
| | - Antonio Lippolis
- Research Department, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (E.C.); (S.C.); (A.L.); (R.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Raffaele Armentano
- Research Department, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (E.C.); (S.C.); (A.L.); (R.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Mauro Mastronardi
- Research Department, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (E.C.); (S.C.); (A.L.); (R.A.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.V.); (F.M.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.A.); (M.C.); Tel.: +39-080-544-2949 (M.D.A.); +39-080-499-4628 (M.C.)
| | - Marcello Chieppa
- Research Department, National Institute of Gastroenterology “S. de Bellis”, Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (M.L.); (E.C.); (S.C.); (A.L.); (R.A.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.D.A.); (M.C.); Tel.: +39-080-544-2949 (M.D.A.); +39-080-499-4628 (M.C.)
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607
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Chen C, Niu M, Pan J, Du N, Liu S, Li H, He Q, Mao J, Duan Y, Du Y. Bacteroides, butyric acid and t10,c12-CLA changes in colorectal adenomatous polyp patients. Gut Pathog 2021; 13:1. [PMID: 33436066 PMCID: PMC7805033 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-020-00395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal adenomatous polyps (CAPs) are considered precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC). The gut microbiota participates in the process of digestion and, in the process, produces metabolites, mainly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), secondary bile acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). This study aimed to investigate the gut microbiota constituents and metabolites in the faeces of CAP patients to identify microbiota or metabolites that can be used as sensitive biological predictors and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of CAPs. METHODS 16S rRNA sequence analysis was used to detect microbial changes in the faeces of CAP patients. qPCR analysis was used to evaluate the ability of the microbiota to produce metabolites, and the contents of metabolites in faeces were detected by ion chromatography and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). RESULTS Based on the detection of the gut microbiota, patients with CAPs had increased abundances of Bacteroides and Citrobacter, and the abundances of Weissella and Lactobacillus were decreased. We also explored gene expression, and the abundance of butyrate-producing bacterial genes was significantly increased in the faeces of CAP patients, but those of secondary bile acid-producing and CLA-producing bacterial genes showed no differences in faecal samples. The acetic acid and butyric acid contents were increased in the faeces of the CAP group, and the healthy control group had higher t10,c12-CLA contents. CONCLUSION The gut microbiota analysis results, assessed in faeces, showed that Bacteroides and Citrobacter were positively correlated with CAPs, which indicated that changes in specific genera might be detrimental to intestinal health. In addition, t10,c12-CLA played an important role in protecting the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciyan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China.,Qujing Healthcare Security Administration, Qujing, 655000, China
| | - Min Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Junxi Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Na Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the No. 1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Shumin Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Huanqin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the No. 1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Qiuyue He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yong Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, 650032, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, 650032, China. .,Yunnan Institute of Laboratory Diagnosis, Kunming, 650032, China. .,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, 650032, China.
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608
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Examining microbe-metabolite correlations by linear methods. Nat Methods 2021; 18:37-39. [PMID: 33398187 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-020-01006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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609
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Abu-Ghazaleh N, Chua WJ, Gopalan V. Intestinal microbiota and its association with colon cancer and red/processed meat consumption. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:75-88. [PMID: 32198788 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human colon harbors a high number of microorganisms that were reported to play a crucial role in colorectal carcinogenesis. In the recent decade, molecular detection and metabolomic techniques have expanded our knowledge on the role of specific microbial species in promoting tumorigenesis. In this study, we reviewed the association between microbial dysbiosis and colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Various microbial species and their association with colorectal tumorigenesis and red/processed meat consumption have been reviewed. The literature demonstrated a significant abundance of Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus bovis/gallolyticus, Escherichia coli, and Bacteroides fragilis in patients with adenoma or adenocarcinoma compared to healthy individuals. The mechanisms in which each organism was postulated to promote colon carcinogenesis were collated and summarized in this review. These include the microorganisms' ability to adhere to colon cells; modulate the inhibition of tumor suppressor genes, the activations of oncogenes, and genotoxicity; and activate downstream targets responsible for angiogenesis. The role of these microorganisms in conjugation with meat components including N-nitroso compounds, heterocyclic amines, and heme was also evident in multiple studies. The outcome of this review supports the role of red meat consumption in modulating CRC progression and the possibility of gut microbiome influencing the relationship between CRC and diet. The study also demonstrates that microbiota analysis could potentially complement existing screening methods when detecting colonic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Abu-Ghazaleh
- School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Weng Joe Chua
- School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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610
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Blachier F, Andriamihaja M, Larraufie P, Ahn E, Lan A, Kim E. Production of hydrogen sulfide by the intestinal microbiota and epithelial cells and consequences for the colonic and rectal mucosa. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G125-G135. [PMID: 33084401 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00261.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Among bacterial metabolites, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has received increasing attention. The epithelial cells of the large intestine are exposed to two sources of H2S. The main one is the luminal source that results from specific bacteria metabolic activity toward sulfur-containing substrates. The other source in colonocytes is from the intracellular production mainly through cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) activity. H2S is oxidized by the mitochondrial sulfide oxidation unit, resulting in ATP synthesis, and, thus, establishing this compound as the first mineral energy substrate in colonocytes. However, when the intracellular H2S concentration exceeds the colonocyte capacity for its oxidation, it inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain, thus affecting energy metabolism. Higher luminal H2S concentration affects the integrity of the mucus layer and displays proinflammatory effects. However, a low/minimal amount of endogenous H2S exerts an anti-inflammatory effect on the colon mucosa, pointing out the ambivalent effect of H2S depending on its intracellular concentration. Regarding colorectal carcinogenesis, forced CBS expression in late adenoma-like colonocytes increased their proliferative activity, bioenergetics capacity, and tumorigenicity; whereas, genetic ablation of CBS in mice resulted in a reduced number of mutagen-induced aberrant crypt foci. Activation of endogenous H2S production and low H2S extracellular concentration enhance cancerous colorectal cell proliferation. Higher exogenous H2S concentrations markedly reduce mitochondrial ATP synthesis and proliferative capacity in cancerous cells and enhance glycolysis but do not affect their ATP cell content or viability. Thus, it appears that, notably through an effect on colonocyte energy metabolism, endogenous and microbiota-derived H2S are involved in the host intestinal physiology and physiopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Blachier
- UMR PNCA, Nutrition Physiology and Alimentary Behavior, Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Mireille Andriamihaja
- UMR PNCA, Nutrition Physiology and Alimentary Behavior, Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Larraufie
- UMR PNCA, Nutrition Physiology and Alimentary Behavior, Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Eunyeong Ahn
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Annaïg Lan
- UMR PNCA, Nutrition Physiology and Alimentary Behavior, Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Paris, France
| | - Eunjung Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
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611
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Li Y, Li ZX, Xie CY, Fan J, Lv J, Xu XJ, Lv J, Kuai WT, Jia YT. Gegen Qinlian decoction enhances immunity and protects intestinal barrier function in colorectal cancer patients via gut microbiota. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:7633-7651. [PMID: 33505141 PMCID: PMC7789057 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i48.7633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed, using the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database, that Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD) had a direct antitumor effect, and was combined with programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 inhibitors to treat microsatellite stable (MSS) tumor-bearing mice. However, the effect of GQD on patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is not clear.
AIM To determine the therapeutic mechanism of GQD in improving immune function, reducing inflammation and protecting intestinal barrier function.
METHODS Seventy patients with CRC were included in this study: 37 in the control group and 33 in the treatment group. The proportions of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, natural killer (NK), NKT and T regulatory cells were measured by flow cytometry. Levels of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10 and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) in serum were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of zonula occludens (ZO)-1, occludin, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and TNF-α in tumor and normal tissues was measured by immunohistochemistry. The composition of gut microbiota from patients in the treatment group was assessed using 16S rDNA analysis.
RESULTS There were no adverse events in the treatment group. The proportion of CD4+ T cells and NKT cells in the post-treatment group was significantly higher than that in the pre-treatment and control groups (P < 0.05). The level of TNF-α in the post-treatment group was significantly lower than that in the pre-treatment and control groups (P < 0.05). The concentration of 5-HT in the post-treatment group was significantly lower than that in the pre-treatment group (P < 0.05). The expression of ZO-1 and occludin in tumor tissues in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of ZO-1 in normal tissues of the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.010). Compared with the control group, expression of NF-κB and TNF-α in tumor tissues of the treatment group was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with the pre-treatment group, GQD decreased the relative abundance of Megamonas and Veillonella. In addition, GQD increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Akkermansia and Prevotella.
CONCLUSION GQD enhances immunity and protects intestinal barrier function in patients with CRC by regulating the composition of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhong-Xin Li
- Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chen-Yang Xie
- Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jing Fan
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ji Lv
- Department of Surgery, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xin-Jian Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jian Lv
- Department of Emergency, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wen-Tao Kuai
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yi-Tao Jia
- Department of Oncology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China
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612
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Wei AL, Li M, Li GQ, Wang X, Hu WM, Li ZL, Yuan J, Liu HY, Zhou LL, Li K, Li A, Fu MR. Oral microbiome and pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:7679-7692. [PMID: 33505144 PMCID: PMC7789059 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i48.7679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbiota profiles differ between patients with pancreatic cancer and healthy people, and understanding these differences may help in early detection of pancreatic cancer. Saliva sampling is an easy and cost-effective way to determine microbiota profiles compared to fecal and tissue sample collection.
AIM To investigate the saliva microbiome distribution in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and the role of oral microbiota profiles in detection and risk prediction of pancreatic cancer.
METHODS We conducted a prospective study of patients with pancreatic cancer (n = 41) and healthy individuals (n = 69). Bacterial taxa were identified by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequencing, and a linear discriminant analysis effect size algorithm was used to identify differences in taxa. Operational taxonomic unit values of all selected taxa were converted into a normalized Z-score, and logistic regressions were used to calculate risk prediction of pancreatic cancer.
RESULTS Compared with the healthy control group, carriage of Streptococcus and Leptotrichina (z-score) was associated with a higher risk of PDAC [odds ratio (OR) = 5.344, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.282-22.282, P = 0.021 and OR = 6.886, 95%CI: 1.423-33.337, P = 0.016, respectively]. Veillonella and Neisseria (z-score) were considered a protective microbe that decreased the risk of PDAC (OR = 0.187, 95%CI: 0.055-0.631, P = 0.007 and OR = 0.309, 95%CI: 0.100-0.952, P = 0.041, respectively). Among the patients with PDAC, patients reporting bloating have a higher abundance of Porphyromonas (P = 0.039), Fusobacterium (P = 0.024), and Alloprevotella (P = 0.041); while patients reporting jaundice had a higher amount of Prevotella (P = 0.008); patients reporting dark brown urine had a higher amount of Veillonella (P = 0.035). Patients reporting diarrhea had a lower amount of Neisseria and Campylobacter (P = 0.024 and P = 0.034), and patients reporting vomiting had decreased Alloprevotella (P = 0.036).
CONCLUSION Saliva microbiome was able to distinguish patients with pancreatic cancer and healthy individuals. Leptotrichia may be specific for patients living in Sichuan Province, southwest China. Symptomatic patients had different bacteria profiles than asymptomatic patients. Combined symptom and microbiome evaluation may help in the early detection of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Lin Wei
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mao Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Guo-Qing Li
- West China School of Public Health/West China fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- West China School of Public Health/West China fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei-Ming Hu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhen-Lu Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jue Yuan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hong-Ying Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li-Li Zhou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ka Li
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei Rosemary Fu
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Boston College William F. Connell School, MA, 02467, United States
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613
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Huang QY, Yao F, Zhou CR, Huang XY, Wang Q, Long H, Wu QM. Role of gut microbiome in regulating the effectiveness of metformin in reducing colorectal cancer in type 2 diabetes. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:6213-6228. [PMID: 33392303 PMCID: PMC7760447 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i24.6213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing globally. It is rarely noticed that the incidence of CRC is higher in patients with T2DM. What needs to be mentioned is that metformin, a commonly used clinical drug for T2DM, attracts scholars’ attention because of its benefits in lowering the risk of developing CRC. Hence, we try to find the common grounds of initiation of T2DM and CRC and the reason why metformin reduces the risk of CRC in patients with T2DM. We noticed consistent changes of gut microbiota, such as elevated Bacteroides, Prevotella and Bifidobacterium and depressed Firmicutes and Lactobacillus. Furthermore, many studies in recent years have proved that the efficacy of metformin, such as improving blood glucose, depends on the gut microbiota. Coincidentally, the progression of CRC is inseparable from the contributions of gut microbiota. Therefore, we first proposed the concept of the metformin-gut microbiota–CRC (in T2DM) axis to explain the effect of metformin in reducing CRC in patients with T2DM. In this review, we elaborated the new concept and its potential clinical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-You Huang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fei Yao
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chuan-Ren Zhou
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Huang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui Long
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianyou Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430064, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qing-Ming Wu
- Institute of Infection, Immunology and Tumor Microenvironment, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
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614
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Mancheño JM, Atondo E, Tomás-Cortázar J, Luís Lavín J, Plaza-Vinuesa L, Martín-Ruiz I, Barriales D, Palacios A, Daniel Navo C, Sampedro L, Peña-Cearra A, Ángel Pascual-Itoiz M, Castelo J, Carreras-González A, Castellana D, Pellón A, Delgado S, Ruas-Madiedo P, de Las Rivas B, Abecia L, Muñoz R, Jiménez-Osés G, Anguita J, Rodríguez H. A structurally unique Fusobacterium nucleatum tannase provides detoxicant activity against gallotannins and pathogen resistance. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 15:648-667. [PMID: 33336898 PMCID: PMC8867971 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer pathogenesis and progression is associated with the presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum and the reduction of acetylated derivatives of spermidine, as well as dietary components such as tannin-rich foods. We show that a new tannase orthologue of F. nucleatum (TanBFnn ) has significant structural differences with its Lactobacillus plantarum counterpart affecting the flap covering the active site and the accessibility of substrates. Crystallographic and molecular dynamics analysis revealed binding of polyamines to a small cavity that connects the active site with the bulk solvent which interact with catalytically indispensable residues. As a result, spermidine and its derivatives, particularly N8 -acetylated spermidine, inhibit the hydrolytic activity of TanBFnn and increase the toxicity of gallotannins to F. nucleatum. Our results support a model in which the balance between the detoxicant activity of TanBFnn and the presence of metabolic inhibitors can dictate either conducive or unfavourable conditions for the survival of F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel Mancheño
- Departamento de Cristalografía y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Química-Física "Rocasolano" (IQFR-CSIC), Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | - Estíbaliz Atondo
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Julen Tomás-Cortázar
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain.,UCD Conway Institute, University College of Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - José Luís Lavín
- Bioinformatics Unit, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Bizkaia, 48160, Spain
| | - Laura Plaza-Vinuesa
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | - Itziar Martín-Ruiz
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Diego Barriales
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Ainhoa Palacios
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | | | - Leticia Sampedro
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Ainize Peña-Cearra
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Pascual-Itoiz
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Janire Castelo
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Ana Carreras-González
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | | | - Aize Pellón
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
| | - Susana Delgado
- Dairy Research Institute, Spanish National Research Council (Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - CSIC), Asturias, 33300, Spain
| | - Patricia Ruas-Madiedo
- Dairy Research Institute, Spanish National Research Council (Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias - CSIC), Asturias, 33300, Spain
| | - Blanca de Las Rivas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | - Leticia Abecia
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Leioa, 48940, Spain
| | - Rosario Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Bacteriana, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | | | - Juan Anguita
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
| | - Héctor Rodríguez
- Inflammation and Macrophage Plasticity lab, CIC bioGUNE-BRTA (Basque Research and Technology Alliance), Derio, 48160, Spain
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615
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Zhao Y, Wang C, Goel A. Role of gut microbiota in epigenetic regulation of colorectal Cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188490. [PMID: 33321173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The stepwise accumulation of epigenetic alterations in the normal colorectal epithelium has been reported to act as a driving force for the initiation and promotion of tumorigenesis in CRC. From a mechanistic standpoint, emerging evidence indicates that within the colorectal epithelium, the diverse gut microbiota can interact with host cells to regulate multiple physiological processes. In fact, recent studies have found that the gut microbiota represents a potential cause of carcinogenesis, invasion, and metastasis via DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs - providing an epigenetic perspective for the connection between the gut microbiota and CRC. Herein, we comprehensively review the recent research that provides a comprehensive yet succinct evidence connecting the gut microbiota to CRC at an epigenetic level, including carcinogenic mechanisms of cancer-related microbiota, and the potential for utilizing the gut microbiota as CRC biomarkers. These scientific findings highlight a promising future for manipulating the gut microbiota to improve clinical outcomes in patients suffering from CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Ajay Goel
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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616
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Kishikawa T, Ogawa K, Motooka D, Hosokawa A, Kinoshita M, Suzuki K, Yamamoto K, Masuda T, Matsumoto Y, Nii T, Maeda Y, Nakamura S, Inohara H, Mochizuki H, Okuno T, Okada Y. A Metagenome-Wide Association Study of Gut Microbiome in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis Revealed Novel Disease Pathology. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:585973. [PMID: 33363050 PMCID: PMC7759502 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.585973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While microbiome plays key roles in the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), its mechanism remains elusive. Here, we conducted a comprehensive metagenome-wide association study (MWAS) of the relapsing-remitting MS gut microbiome (ncase = 26, ncontrol = 77) in the Japanese population, by using whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Our MWAS consisted of three major bioinformatic analytic pipelines (phylogenetic analysis, functional gene analysis, and pathway analysis). Phylogenetic case-control association tests showed discrepancies of eight clades, most of which were related to the immune system (false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.10; e.g., Erysipelatoclostridium_sp. and Gemella morbillorum). Gene association tests found an increased abundance of one putative dehydrogenase gene (Clo1100_2356) and one ABC transporter related gene (Mahau_1952) in the MS metagenome compared with controls (FDR < 0.1). Molecular pathway analysis of the microbiome gene case-control comparisons identified enrichment of multiple Gene Ontology terms, with the most significant enrichment on cell outer membrane (P = 1.5 × 10−7). Interaction between the metagenome and host genome was identified by comparing biological pathway enrichment between the MS MWAS and the MS genome-wide association study (GWAS) results (i.e., MWAS-GWAS interaction). No apparent discrepancies in alpha or beta diversities of metagenome were found between MS cases and controls. Our shotgun sequencing-based MWAS highlights novel characteristics of the MS gut microbiome and its interaction with host genome, which contributes to our understanding of the microbiome’s role in MS pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Kishikawa
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ogawa
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Japan Community Health care Organization (JCHO) Hoshigaoka Medical Center, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Daisuke Motooka
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akiko Hosokawa
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Suita Municipal Hospital, Suita, Japan
| | - Makoto Kinoshita
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Ken Suzuki
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Yamamoto
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsumoto
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Takuro Nii
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuichi Maeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Department of Infection Metagenomics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Hidenori Inohara
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Tatsusada Okuno
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.,Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, Japan
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617
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Loke YL, Chew MT, Ngeow YF, Lim WWD, Peh SC. Colon Carcinogenesis: The Interplay Between Diet and Gut Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:603086. [PMID: 33364203 PMCID: PMC7753026 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.603086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence increases yearly, and is three to four times higher in developed countries compared to developing countries. The well-known risk factors have been attributed to low physical activity, overweight, obesity, dietary consumption including excessive consumption of red processed meats, alcohol, and low dietary fiber content. There is growing evidence of the interplay between diet and gut microbiota in CRC carcinogenesis. Although there appears to be a direct causal role for gut microbes in the development of CRC in some animal models, the link between diet, gut microbes, and colonic carcinogenesis has been established largely as an association rather than as a cause-and-effect relationship. This is especially true for human studies. As essential dietary factors influence CRC risk, the role of proteins, carbohydrates, fat, and their end products are considered as part of the interplay between diet and gut microbiota. The underlying molecular mechanisms of colon carcinogenesis mediated by gut microbiota are also discussed. Human biological responses such as inflammation, oxidative stress, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage can all influence dysbiosis and consequently CRC carcinogenesis. Dysbiosis could add to CRC risk by shifting the effect of dietary components toward promoting a colonic neoplasm together with interacting with gut microbiota. It follows that dietary intervention and gut microbiota modulation may play a vital role in reducing CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yean Leng Loke
- Centre for Biomedical Physics, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Ming Tsuey Chew
- Centre for Biomedical Physics, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Yun Fong Ngeow
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia.,Centre for Research on Communicable Diseases, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Wendy Wan Dee Lim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sunway Medical Centre, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Suat Cheng Peh
- Ageing Health and Well-Being Research Centre, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.,Department of Medical Sciences, School of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
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618
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Liao H, Li C, Ai Y, Kou Y. Gut microbiome is more stable in males than in females during the development of colorectal cancer. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 131:435-448. [PMID: 33245828 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Gut microbial alterations have great potential to predict the development of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, how gut microbes respond to the development of CRC in males and females at the community level is unknown. We aim to investigate the differences of gut microbiota between the male and female. METHODS AND RESULTS We reanalysed the dataset in a published project from a sex perspective at the community level by characterizing the gut microbiome in patients (including males and females) from three clinical groups representative of the stages of CRC development: healthy, adenoma, and carcinoma. The results indicated that the microbial α-diversity showed no significant difference in the male gut but had decreased significantly in the female gut with the development of CRC. In males, a significant difference in the microbial β-diversity was only observed between the healthy and carcinoma subgroups. However, significant community deviations were detected with the development of CRC in females. The microbial community assembly processes changed from deterministic to stochastic in males, whereas they became increasingly deterministic in females with the development of CRC. Moreover microbial co-occurrence associations tended to be more complicated in males; rare species were enriched in the co-occurrence network of the male gut, whereas key species loss was observed in the co-occurrence network of the female gut. CONCLUSIONS The microbial communities in the male gut were more stable than those in the female gut, and microbial community assembly in the gut was sex dependent with the development of CRC. Our study suggests that sexual dimorphism needs to be considered to better predict the risk of CRC based on microbial shifts. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing how gut microbes respond to the development of CRC in males and females at the community scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - C Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Ai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Kou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
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619
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Gut mycobiome: A promising target for colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188489. [PMID: 33278512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The human gut is mainly habited by a staggering amount and abundance of bacteria as well as fungi. Gut dysbiosis is believed as a pivotal factor in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Lately increasing evidence from animal or clinical studies suggested that fungal disturbance also contributed to CRC development. This review summarized the current status of fungal dysbiosis in CRC and highlighted the potential tumorigenic mechanisms of fungi. Then the fungal markers and some therapeutic strategies for CRC were discussed. It would provide a better understanding of the correlation of mycobiota and CRC, and modulating fungal community would be a promising target against CRC.
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620
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Urinary charged metabolite profiling of colorectal cancer using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21057. [PMID: 33273632 PMCID: PMC7713069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has increasing global prevalence and poor prognostic outcomes, and the development of low- or less invasive screening tests is urgently required. Urine is an ideal biofluid that can be collected non-invasively and contains various metabolite biomarkers. To understand the metabolomic profiles of different stages of CRC, we conducted metabolomic profiling of urinary samples. Capillary electrophoresis-time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to quantify hydrophilic metabolites in 247 subjects with stage 0 to IV CRC or polyps, and healthy controls. The 154 identified and quantified metabolites included metabolites of glycolysis, TCA cycle, amino acids, urea cycle, and polyamine pathways. The concentrations of these metabolites gradually increased with the stage, and samples of CRC stage IV especially showed a large difference compared to other stages. Polyps and CRC also showed different concentration patterns. We also assessed the differentiation ability of these metabolites. A multiple logistic regression model using three metabolites was developed with a randomly designated training dataset and validated using the remaining data to differentiate CRC and polys from healthy controls based on a panel of urinary metabolites. These data highlight the changes in metabolites from early to late stage of CRC and also the differences between CRC and polyps.
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621
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Mohseni AH, Taghinezhad-S S, Fu X. Gut microbiota-derived metabolites and colorectal cancer: New insights and updates. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104569. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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622
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Cheng Y, Ling Z, Li L. The Intestinal Microbiota and Colorectal Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:615056. [PMID: 33329610 PMCID: PMC7734048 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.615056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota, composed of a large population of microorganisms, is often considered a “forgotten organ” in human health and diseases. Increasing evidence indicates that dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota is closely related to colorectal cancer (CRC). The roles for intestinal microorganisms that initiated and facilitated the CRC process are becoming increasingly clear. Hypothesis models have been proposed to illustrate the complex relationship between the intestinal microbiota and CRC. Recent studies have identified Streptococcus bovis, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius as CRC candidate pathogens. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms involved in microbiota-related colorectal carcinogenesis, including inflammation, pathogenic bacteria, and their virulence factors, genotoxins, oxidative stress, bacterial metabolites, and biofilm. We also described the clinical values of intestinal microbiota and novel strategies for preventing and treating CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongxin Ling
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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623
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Wen K, Tao L, Tao Z, Meng Y, Zhou S, Chen J, Yang K, Da W, Zhu Y. Fecal and Serum Metabolomic Signatures and Microbial Community Profiling of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Mice Model. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:535310. [PMID: 33330117 PMCID: PMC7728697 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.535310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple studies have shown that an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota is related to bone metabolism, but the role of the intestinal microbiota in postmenopausal osteoporosis remains to be elucidated. We explored the effect of the intestinal microbiota on osteoporosis. Methods We constructed a postmenopausal osteoporosis mouse model, and Micro CT was used to observe changes in bone structure. Then, we identified the abundance of intestinal microbiota by 16S RNA sequencing and found that the ratio of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes increased significantly. UHPLC-MS analysis was further used to analyze changes in metabolites in feces and serum. Results We identified 53 upregulated and 61 downregulated metabolites in feces and 2 upregulated and 22 downregulated metabolites in serum under OP conditions, and interestedly, one group of bile acids showed significant differences in the OP and control groups. Network analysis also found that these bile acids had a strong relationship with the same family, Eggerthellaceae. Random forest analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the serum and fecal models in distinguishing the OP group from the control group. Conclusions These results indicated that changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites in feces and serum were responsible for the occurrence and development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The gut microbiota is a vital inducer of osteoporosis and could regulate the pathogenesis process through the “microbiota-gut-metabolite-bone” axis, and some components of this axis are potential biomarkers, providing a new entry point for the future study on the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengbo Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Siming Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Keda Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wacili Da
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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624
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Jones RM, Neish AS. Gut Microbiota in Intestinal and Liver Disease. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2020; 16:251-275. [PMID: 33234022 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-030320-095722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is known that the gut microbiota, the numerically vast and taxonomically diverse microbial communities that thrive in a symbiotic fashion within our alimentary tract, can affect the normal physiology of the gastrointestinal tract and liver. Further, disturbances of the microbiota community structure from both endogenous and exogenous influences as well as the failure of host responsive mechanisms have been implicated in a variety of disease processes. Mechanistically, alterations in intestinal permeability and dysbiosis of the microbiota can result in inflammation, immune activation, and exposure to xenobiotic influences. Additionally, the gut and liver are continually exposed to small molecule products of the microbiota with proinflammatory, gene regulatory, and oxidative properties. Long-term coevolution has led to tolerance and incorporation of these influences into normal physiology and homeostasis; conversely, changes in this equilibrium from either the host or the microbial side can result in a wide variety of immune, inflammatory, metabolic, and neoplastic intestinal and hepatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rheinallt M Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA;
| | - Andrew S Neish
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA;
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625
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Kageyama S, Nagao Y, Ma J, Asakawa M, Yoshida R, Takeshita T, Hirosue A, Yamashita Y, Nakayama H. Compositional Shift of Oral Microbiota Following Surgical Resection of Tongue Cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:600884. [PMID: 33330141 PMCID: PMC7719762 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.600884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salivary microbiota is considered a source of microorganisms for the respiratory and digestive tracts, and a trigger for diseases in these distant organs. Meanwhile, the microbiota on the tongue surface is thought to be a major source of salivary microbiota. Therefore, surgical resection of the tongue for definitive treatment of oral cancer could drastically change the salivary bacterial balance and virulence. Here, we investigated the shift of the salivary microbiota following surgical resection in patients with tongue cancer. The stimulated saliva samples were collected from 25 tongue cancer patients pre- and post-resection of the tongue, and bacterial density and composition was determined using quantitative PCR analysis and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing, respectively. Although no significant difference in the total bacterial density in saliva pre- and post-surgery was observed, the bacterial composition significantly differed according to the analysis of similarity. Among predominant operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with ≥1% of relative abundance, the proportions of OTUs corresponding to Streptococcus salivarius, Prevotellamelaninogenica, and Prevotellahisticola were significantly decreased following the tongue resection. On the other hand, the proportions of OTUs corresponding to Lautropiamirabilis, Neisseriaflava, Streptococcussanguinis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, known to be inhabitants of dental plaque, were significantly increased. These results suggest that surgical resection of the tongue causes a compositional shift of the salivary microbiota, characterized by an increase in bacterial species derived from dental plaque, including periodontal pathogens. These results suggest the necessity of more careful and frequent postoperative oral care after surgical resection of tongue cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kageyama
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Nagao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jiale Ma
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mikari Asakawa
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryoji Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toru Takeshita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Hirosue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Yamashita
- Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakayama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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626
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Zhou Z, Ge S, Li Y, Ma W, Liu Y, Hu S, Zhang R, Ma Y, Du K, Syed A, Chen P. Human Gut Microbiome-Based Knowledgebase as a Biomarker Screening Tool to Improve the Predicted Probability for Colorectal Cancer. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:596027. [PMID: 33329482 PMCID: PMC7717945 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.596027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common clinical malignancy globally ranked as the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality. Some microbes are known to contribute to adenoma-carcinoma transition and possess diagnostic potential. Advances in high-throughput sequencing technology and functional studies have provided significant insights into the landscape of the gut microbiome and the fundamental roles of its components in carcinogenesis. Integration of scattered knowledge is highly beneficial for future progress. In this study, literature review and information extraction were performed, with the aim of integrating the available data resources and facilitating comparative research. A knowledgebase of the human CRC microbiome was compiled to facilitate understanding of diagnosis, and the global signatures of CRC microbes, sample types, algorithms, differential microorganisms and various panels of markers plus their diagnostic performance were evaluated based on statistical and phylogenetic analyses. Additionally, prospects about current changelings and solution strategies were outlined for identifying future research directions. This type of data integration strategy presents an effective platform for inquiry and comparison of relevant information, providing a tool for further study about CRC-related microbes and exploration of factors promoting clinical transformation (available at: http://gsbios.com/index/experimental/dts_ mben?id=1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkun Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shiqiang Ge
- Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Lanzhou Vocational Technical College, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wantong Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shujian Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rentao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yunhao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kangjia Du
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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627
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Kim M, Lee ST, Choi S, Lee H, Kwon SS, Byun JH, Kim YA, Rhee KJ, Choi JR, Kim TI, Lee K. Fusobacterium nucleatum in biopsied tissues from colorectal cancer patients and alcohol consumption in Korea. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19915. [PMID: 33199749 PMCID: PMC7669878 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76467-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of individual bacteria and their relationship in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CRC-associated bacteria using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) or 16S rRNA analysis and the statistical correlations of patient demographics and clinical characteristics comprising alcohol consumption with CRC-associated bacteria. We determined the prevalence of five CRC-associated bacterial species in 38 CRC patients (39 samples) and 21 normal individuals using qPCR, and the relative abundance of bacterial taxa in the gut microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA analysis. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the only bacterium that was significantly (P < 0.0001) more prevalent in the cancer tissue (82.1%) than in the normal tissue (0%) by qPCR. 16S rRNA analysis showed a significant correlation between six operational taxonomic units (OTUs), namely, the genera Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Collinsella, Prevotella, Parvimonas, and Gemella, in patients with CRC. An integrated analysis using 16S rRNA data and epidemiological characteristics showed that alcohol consumption was significantly correlated with the abundance of Fusobacterium OTUs. The correlation of alcohol consumption with the abundance of Fusobacterium OTUs in cancer tissue discovered using 16S rRNA analysis suggests a possible link between alcohol metabolism and subsequent tumorigenesis caused by F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myungsook Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Seung-Tae Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Songyi Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyukmin Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Sun Sung Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Byun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeonsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Young Ah Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Yonsei University College of Health Sciences, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jong Rak Choi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Tae Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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628
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The microbiome, genetics, and gastrointestinal neoplasms: the evolving field of molecular pathological epidemiology to analyze the tumor-immune-microbiome interaction. Hum Genet 2020; 140:725-746. [PMID: 33180176 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02235-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metagenomic studies using next-generation sequencing technologies have revealed rich human intestinal microbiome, which likely influence host immunity and health conditions including cancer. Evidence indicates a biological link between altered microbiome and cancers in the digestive system. Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis have been found to be enriched in colorectal mucosal tissues from patients with familial adenomatous polyposis that is caused by germline APC mutations. In addition, recent studies have found enrichment of certain oral bacteria, viruses, and fungi in tumor tissue and fecal specimens from patients with gastrointestinal cancer. An integrative approach is required to elucidate the role of microorganisms in the pathogenic process of gastrointestinal cancers, which develop through the accumulation of somatic genetic and epigenetic alterations in neoplastic cells, influenced by host genetic variations, immunity, microbiome, and environmental exposures. The transdisciplinary field of molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) offers research frameworks to link germline genetics and environmental factors (including diet, lifestyle, and pharmacological factors) to pathologic phenotypes. The integration of microbiology into the MPE model (microbiology-MPE) can contribute to better understanding of the interactive role of environment, tumor cells, immune cells, and microbiome in various diseases. We review major clinical and experimental studies on the microbiome, and describe emerging evidence from the microbiology-MPE research in gastrointestinal cancers. Together with basic experimental research, this new research paradigm can help us to develop new prevention and treatment strategies for gastrointestinal cancers through targeting of the microbiome.
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629
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Tang Z, Xu Z, Zhu X, Zhang J. New insights into molecules and pathways of cancer metabolism and therapeutic implications. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2020; 41:16-36. [PMID: 33174400 PMCID: PMC7819563 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are abnormal cells that can reproduce and regenerate rapidly. They are characterized by unlimited proliferation, transformation and migration, and can destroy normal cells. To meet the needs for cell proliferation and migration, tumor cells acquire molecular materials and energy through unusual metabolic pathways as their metabolism is more vigorous than that of normal cells. Multiple carcinogenic signaling pathways eventually converge to regulate three major metabolic pathways in tumor cells, including glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. The distinct metabolic signatures of cancer cells reflect that metabolic changes are indispensable for the genesis and development of tumor cells. In this review, we report the unique metabolic alterations in tumor cells which occur through various signaling axes, and present various modalities available for cancer diagnosis and clinical therapy. We further provide suggestions for the development of anti‐tumor therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenye Tang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhanjiang, the Marine Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, P. R. China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Xu
- Center for Cancer and Immunology, Brain Tumor Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, 20010, USA
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory Zhanjiang, the Marine Medical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, P. R. China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, P. R. China.,The Key Lab of Zhanjiang for R&D Marine Microbial Resources in the Beibu Gulf Rim, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, P. R. China.,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524023, P. R. China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Lingnan Medical Research Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, the First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, P. R. China
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630
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Chiu C, Chou H, Chang L, Fan W, Dinh MCV, Kuo Y, Chung W, Lai H, Hsieh W, Su S. Integration of metagenomics-metabolomics reveals specific signatures and functions of airway microbiota in mite-sensitized childhood asthma. Allergy 2020; 75:2846-2857. [PMID: 32506557 DOI: 10.1111/all.14438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood asthma is a multifactorial inflammatory condition of the airways, associated with specific changes in respiratory microbiome and circulating metabolome. METHODS To explore the functional capacity of asthmatic microbiome and its intricate connection with the host, we performed shotgun sequencing of airway microbiome and untargeted metabolomics profiling of serum samples in a cohort of children with mite-sensitized asthma and non-asthmatic controls. RESULTS We observed higher gene counts and sample-to-sample dissimilarities in asthmatic microbiomes, indicating a more heterogeneous community structure and functionality among the cases than in controls. Moreover, we identified airway microbial species linked to changes in circulating metabolites and IgE responses of the host, including a positive correlation between Prevotella sp oral taxon 306 and dimethylglycine that were both decreased in patients. Several control-enriched species (Eubacterium sulci, Prevotella pallens, and Prevotella sp oral taxon 306) were inversely correlated with total and allergen-specific IgE levels. Genes related to microbial carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism were differentially enriched, suggesting that changes in microbial metabolism may contribute to respiratory health in asthmatics. Pathway modules relevant to allergic responses were differentially abundant in asthmatic microbiome, such as enrichments for biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, membrane trafficking, histidine metabolism, and glycosaminoglycan degradation, and depletions for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation. Further, we identified metagenomic and metabolomic markers (eg, Eubacterium sulci) to discriminate cases from the non-asthmatic controls. CONCLUSIONS Our dual-omics data reveal the connections between respiratory microbes and circulating metabolites perturbed in mite-sensitized pediatric asthma, which may be of etiological and diagnostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih‐Yung Chiu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at LinkouCollege of MedicineChang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Hsin‐Cheng Chou
- Institute of Statistics National Tsing‐Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Lun‐Ching Chang
- Department of Mathematical Sciences Florida Atlantic University Florida USA
| | - Wen‐Lang Fan
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Taiwan
| | | | - Yu‐Lun Kuo
- Biotools, Co. Ltd New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - Wen‐Hung Chung
- Whole‐Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
| | - Hsin‐Chih Lai
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science Microbiota Research CenterCollege of MedicineChang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
- Central Research Laboratory XiaMen Chang Gung Hospital XiaMen China
| | - Wen‐Ping Hsieh
- Institute of Statistics National Tsing‐Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Chi Su
- Whole‐Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Keelung Taiwan
- Central Research Laboratory XiaMen Chang Gung Hospital XiaMen China
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631
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Xue B, Dai K, Zhang X, Wang S, Li C, Zhao C, Yang X, Xi Z, Qiu Z, Shen Z, Wang J. Low-concentration of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) in drinking water perturbs the health-associated gut microbiome and metabolic profile in rats. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127067. [PMID: 32544817 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) is one of the emerging nitrogenous disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. However, its potential toxicological effects remain poorly understood, especially at a low concentration found in the environment. In the present study, we investigated whether the consumption of low-concentration DCAN through drinking water would produce significant effects in male SD rats, with particular focus on their physiological traits and changes in their gut microbiome and metabolite profiles. After a 4-weeks DCAN intervention, significant changes were observed in the body weight, blood indices, and histology in DCAN-treated (100 μg/L) group. Proteobacteria was relatively less abundant in 20 and 100 μg/L DCAN-treated groups compared with that in the control group at phylum level. At genus level, Parasutterella and Anaerotruncus were significantly less abundant in both 20 and 100 μg/L DCAN-treated groups than that in the control group. Furthermore, the gut microbiota-related metabolites were dramatically perturbed after DCAN consumption. In the 20 and 100 μg/L DCAN-treated groups, there were 48 and 95 altered metabolites, respectively, and were found to be involved in sphingolipid signaling pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, and cGMP-PKG signaling pathway. In summary, we demonstrated that consumption of low-concentration DCAN through drinking water could impair host health and induce gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut microflora-related metabolic disorders in male SD rats. Our findings highlight the potential toxicity of low-concentration DBPs and provide new insight into potential causal relationship between low concentration DBPs found in the drinking water and the host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xue
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Kun Dai
- Tianjin Rehabilitation Center, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Zhuge Xi
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Zhigang Qiu
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China.
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental & Operational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control for Environment & Food Safety, Tianjin, 300050, China.
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632
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Xu W, Lin J, Gao M, Chen Y, Cao J, Pu J, Huang L, Zhao J, Qian K. Rapid Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Stroke by Serum Metabolic Fingerprint Based Multi-Modal Recognition. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002021. [PMID: 33173737 PMCID: PMC7610260 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, expected to result in 61 million disability-adjusted life-years in 2020. Rapid diagnostics is the core of stroke management for early prevention and medical treatment. Serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs) reflect underlying disease progression, predictive of patient phenotypes. Deep learning (DL) encoding SMFs with clinical indexes outperforms single biomarkers, while posing challenges with poor prediction to interpret by feature selection. Herein, rapid computer-aided diagnosis of stroke is performed using SMF based multi-modal recognition by DL, to combine adaptive machine learning with a novel feature selection approach. SMFs are extracted by nano-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS), consuming 100 nL of serum in seconds. A multi-modal recognition is constructed by integrating SMFs and clinical indexes with an enhanced area under curve (AUC) up to 0.845 for stroke screening, compared to single-modal diagnosis by only SMFs or clinical indexes. The prediction of DL is addressed by selecting 20 key metabolite features with differential regulation through a saliency map approach, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms in stroke. The approach highlights the emerging role of DL in precision medicine and suggests an expanding utility for computational analysis of SMFs in stroke screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesDivision of CardiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
| | - Jixian Lin
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan University170 Xinsong RoadShanghai201199P. R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- School of Management Science and EngineeringDongbei University of Finance and EconomicsDalian116025P. R. China
- Center for Post‐doctoral Studies of Computer ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- School of Management Science and EngineeringDongbei University of Finance and EconomicsDalian116025P. R. China
- Center for Post‐doctoral Studies of Computer ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819P. R. China
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesDivision of CardiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
| | - Jun Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesDivision of CardiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
| | - Lin Huang
- Stem Cell Research CenterRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of NeurologyMinhang HospitalFudan University170 Xinsong RoadShanghai201199P. R. China
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesDivision of CardiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University160 Pujian RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related GenesSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200030P. R. China
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633
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Yeoh YK, Chen Z, Wong MCS, Hui M, Yu J, Ng SC, Sung JJY, Chan FKL, Chan PKS. Southern Chinese populations harbour non-nucleatum Fusobacteria possessing homologues of the colorectal cancer-associated FadA virulence factor. Gut 2020; 69:1998-2007. [PMID: 32051205 PMCID: PMC7569397 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fusobacteria are not common nor relatively abundant in non-colorectal cancer (CRC) populations, however, we identified multiple Fusobacterium taxa nearly absent in western and rural populations to be comparatively more prevalent and relatively abundant in southern Chinese populations. We investigated whether these represented known or novel lineages in the Fusobacterium genus, and assessed their genomes for features implicated in development of cancer. METHODS Prevalence and relative abundances of fusobacterial species were calculated from 3157 CRC and non-CRC gut metagenomes representing 16 populations from various biogeographies. Microbial genomes were assembled and compared with existing reference genomes to assess novel fusobacterial diversity. Phylogenetic distribution of virulence genes implicated in CRC was investigated. RESULTS Irrespective of CRC disease status, southern Chinese populations harboured increased prevalence (maximum 39% vs 7%) and relative abundances (average 0.4% vs 0.04% of gut community) of multiple recognised and novel fusobacterial taxa phylogenetically distinct from Fusobacterium nucleatum. Genomes assembled from southern Chinese gut metagenomes increased existing fusobacterial diversity by 14.3%. Homologues of the FadA adhesin linked to CRC were consistently detected in several monophyletic lineages sister to and inclusive of F. varium and F. ulcerans, but not F. mortiferum. We also detected increased prevalence and relative abundances of F. varium in CRC compared with non-CRC cohorts, which together with distribution of FadA homologues supports a possible association with gut disease. CONCLUSION The proportion of fusobacteria in guts of southern Chinese populations are higher compared with several western and rural populations in line with the notion of environment/biogeography driving human gut microbiome composition. Several non-nucleatum taxa possess FadA homologues and were enriched in CRC cohorts; whether this imposes a risk in developing CRC and other gut diseases deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kit Yeoh
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Zigui Chen
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Martin C S Wong
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong,Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Mamie Hui
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jun Yu
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Siew C Ng
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Joseph J Y Sung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong,Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Paul K S Chan
- Centre for Gut Microbiota Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong .,Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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634
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Liu Y, Hou Y, Wang G, Zheng X, Hao H. Gut Microbial Metabolites of Aromatic Amino Acids as Signals in Host-Microbe Interplay. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:818-834. [PMID: 32284282 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbial metabolism is intimately coupled with host health and disease. Aromatic amino acid (AAA) catabolism by the gut microbiome yields numerous metabolites that may regulate immune, metabolic, and neuronal responses at local and distant sites. Such a chemical dialog between host cells and the gut microbiome is shaped by environmental cues, and may become dysregulated in gastrointestinal and systems diseases. Increasing knowledge of the bacterial pathway and signaling basis may shed additional light on metabolic host-microbiome crosstalk that remains untapped for drug discovery. Here, we update our understanding of microbial AAA metabolism and its impacts on host physiology and disease. We also consider open questions related to therapeutically mining these signaling metabolites and how recent concepts and tools may drive this area forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Drug Target Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanlong Hou
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Drug Target Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Drug Target Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Drug Target Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiping Hao
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Drug Target Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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635
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MMEASE: Online meta-analysis of metabolomic data by enhanced metabolite annotation, marker selection and enrichment analysis. J Proteomics 2020; 232:104023. [PMID: 33130111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale and long-term metabolomic studies have attracted widespread attention in the biomedical studies yet remain challenging despite recent technique progresses. In particular, the ineffective way of experiment integration and limited capacity in metabolite annotation are known issues. Herein, we constructed an online tool MMEASE enabling the integration of multiple analytical experiments with an enhanced metabolite annotation and enrichment analysis (https://idrblab.org/mmease/). MMEASE was unique in capable of (1) integrating multiple analytical blocks; (2) providing enriched annotation for >330 thousands of metabolites; (3) conducting enrichment analysis using various categories/sub-categories. All in all, MMEASE aimed at supplying a comprehensive service for large-scale and long-term metabolomics, which might provide valuable guidance to current biomedical studies. SIGNIFICANCE: To facilitate the studies of large-scale and long-term metabolomic analysis, MMEASE was developed to (1) achieve the online integration of multiple datasets from different analytical experiments, (2) provide the most diverse strategies for marker discovery, enabling performance assessment and (3) significantly amplify metabolite annotation and subsequent enrichment analysis. MMEASE aimed at supplying a comprehensive service for long-term and large-scale metabolomics, which might provide valuable guidance to current biomedical studies.
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636
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been linked to animal-based diets, which are a major source of trimethylamine (TMA), a precursor of the proatherogenic compound trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). Human gut bacteria in the genus Bilophila have genomic signatures for genetic code expansion that could enable them to metabolize both TMA and its precursors without production of TMAO. We uncovered evidence that the Bilophila demethylation pathway is actively transcribed in gut microbiomes and that animal-based diets cause Bilophila to rapidly increase in abundance. CVD occurrence and Bilophila abundance in humans were significantly negatively correlated. These data lead us to propose that Bilophila, which is commonly regarded as a pathobiont, may play a role in mitigating cardiovascular disease. Human gut microbiomes have been shown to affect the development of a myriad of disease states, but mechanistic connections between diet, health, and microbiota have been challenging to establish. The hypothesis that Bilophila reduces cardiovascular disease by circumventing TMAO production offers a clearly defined mechanism with a potential human health impact, but investigations of Bilophila cell biology and ecology will be needed to fully evaluate these ideas.IMPORTANCE Links between trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) have focused attention on mechanisms by which animal-based diets have negative health consequences. In a meta-analysis of data from foundational gut microbiome studies, we found evidence that specialized bacteria have and express a metabolic pathway that circumvents TMAO production and is often misannotated because it relies on genetic code expansion. This naturally occurring mechanism for TMAO attenuation is negatively correlated with CVD. Ultimately, these findings point to new avenues of research that could increase microbiome-informed understanding of human health and hint at potential biomedical applications in which specialized bacteria are used to curtail CVD development.
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637
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Li Y, Yan H, Zhang Y, Li Q, Yu L, Li Q, Liu C, Xie Y, Chen K, Ye F, Wang K, Chen L, Ding Y. Alterations of the Gut Microbiome Composition and Lipid Metabolic Profile in Radiation Enteritis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:541178. [PMID: 33194790 PMCID: PMC7609817 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.541178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation enteritis (RE) is a common complication in cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Although studies have shown the changes of this disease at clinical, pathological and other levels, the dynamic characteristics of local microbiome and metabolomics are hitherto unknown. We aimed to examine the multi-omics features of the gut microecosystem, determining the functional correlation between microbiome and lipid metabolites during RE activity. By delivering single high-dose irradiation, a RE mouse model was established. High-throughput 16S rDNA sequencing and global lipidomics analysis were performed to examine microbial and lipidomic profile changes in the gut microecosystem. Spearman correlation analysis was used to determine the functional correlation between bacteria and metabolites. Clinical samples were collected to validate the above observations. During RE activity, the intestinal inflammation of the mice was confirmed by typical signs, symptoms, imaging findings and pathological evidences. 16S datasets revealed that localized irradiation dramatically altered the gut microbial composition, resulting in a decrease ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes. Lipidomics analysis indicated the remarkable lipidomic profile changes in enteric epithelial barrier, determining that glycerophospholipids metabolism was correlated to RE progression with the highest relevance. Spearman correlation analysis identified that five bacteria-metabolite pairs showed the most significant functional correlation in RE, including Alistipes-PC(36:0e), Bacteroides-DG(18:0/20:4), Dubosiella-PC(35:2), Eggerthellaceae-PC(35:6), and Escherichia-Shigella-TG(18:2/18:2/20:4). These observations were partly confirmed in human specimens. Our study provided a comprehensive description of microbiota dysbiosis and lipid metabolic disorders in RE, suggesting strategies to change local microecosystem to relieve radiation injury and maintain homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaowei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Li
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyu Li
- Medical Imaging Specialty, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiting Liu
- Central Laboratory, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuwen Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keli Chen
- HuiQiao Medical Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Division of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Longhua Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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638
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Luo J, Li T, Xie J, Guo H, Liu L, Zhang G, Peng X. Guar gum different from Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in alleviating colorectal cancer based on omics analysis. Food Funct 2020; 11:572-584. [PMID: 31853533 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02786f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear if guar gum can alleviate colorectal cancer (CRC). We evaluated the effect of guar gum (unmodified) on the mortality, colon status, serous tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentration, and gut microbial and colonic epithelial cell gene expression profiles in CRC mice and performed omics analyses to compare these with those of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP), whose main component is β-glucan (>90%). We found that guar gum had a CRC alleviating effect. However, it showed a 20% higher mortality rate, shorter colon length, worse colon status, larger number and size of tumors, higher concentration of serous TNF-α and upregulation of epithelial cell genes (Il10, Cytl1, Igkv7-33, Ighv1-14, Igfbp6 and Foxd3) compared to that of GLP. The higher relative abundance of Akkermansia, the alteration of microbial metabolic pathways, especially those involving chaperones and folding catalysts, fatty acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, lipid biosynthesis and pyruvate metabolism, and the upregulation of specific genes (Mcpt2, Mcpt9, Des and Sostdc1) were also determined in animals fed a guar gum diet. The results suggested that the alleviating effect of guar gum (an inexpensive polysaccharide) on CRC was inferior to that of GLP (a more expensive polysaccharide). This could potentially be attributed to the increased presence of Akkermansia, the alteration of 10 microbial metabolic pathways and the upregulation of 4 epithelial cell genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China.
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639
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Anthraquinone-containing compound in rhubarb prevents indole production via functional changes in gut microbiota. J Nat Med 2020; 75:116-128. [PMID: 33078328 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Indole is produced from dietary tryptophan by tryptophanase in intestinal bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. In the liver, indole is converted into indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin and risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Probiotics and prebiotics are currently used for suppressing CKD, but there are no drugs that directly suppress indole production. In this study, we developed an optimized HPLC method for analyzing indole production and evaluated the effect of diets and rhubarb on indole production via the changes of gut microbiota. In high-carbohydrate and high-fat diet-fed mice, the indole production was significantly higher than in high-fiber diet-fed mice. We further used the high-carbohydrate diet-fed mice as a model for examining the effect of rhubarb on indole production. The 20% methanol-eluted fraction of aqueous rhubarb extract significantly suppressed indole production, and the eluate constituent rhein 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (RG) contributed to this effect in a concentration-dependent manner. The effect of RG depended on the anthraquinone core substructure, i.e., the aglycone moiety (rhein) of RG, which appeared to inhibit the tryptophanase function in gut microbiota. Thus, in addition to earlier reports that rhubarb is an effective CKD treatment, our study demonstrated that the anthraquinone moiety in rhubarb prevents uremic toxin production via functional changes in gut microbiota, which suppresses CKD progression.
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640
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Porphyromonas spp. have an extensive host range in ill and healthy individuals and an unexpected environmental distribution: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Anaerobe 2020; 66:102280. [PMID: 33011277 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the anaerobic bacteria Porphyromonas, mainly focused on P. gingivalis, have revealed new bacterial structures, metabolic pathways, and physiologic functionalities. Porphyromonas are mainly described as being associated with mammals and involved in chronic oral infections and secondary pathologies such as cancers or neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we collected and analyzed information regarding Porphyromonas isolation sites and associated conditions and showed that Porphyromonas are detected in numerous pristine and anthropic environments and that their host range appears wider than previously believed, including aquatic animals, arthropods, and birds, even if their predominant hosts remain humans, pets, and farm animals. Our analyses also revealed their presence in multiple organs and in a substantial proportion of healthy contexts. Overall, the growing numbers of microbiota studies have allowed unprecedented advances in the understanding of Porphyromonas ecology but raise questions regarding their phylogenic assignment. In conclusion, this systematic and meta-analysis provides an overview of current knowledge regarding Porphyromonas ecological distribution and encourages additional research to fill the knowledge gaps to better understand their environmental distribution and inter- and intra-species transmission.
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641
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Cheng WY, Wu CY, Yu J. The role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment: friend or foe? Gut 2020; 69:1867-1876. [PMID: 32759302 PMCID: PMC7497589 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been implicated in cancer and shown to modulate anticancer drug efficacy. Altered gut microbiota is associated with resistance to chemo drugs or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), whereas supplementation of distinct bacterial species restores responses to the anticancer drugs. Accumulating evidence has revealed the potential of modulating the gut microbiota to enhance the efficacy of anticancer drugs. Regardless of the valuable findings by preclinical models and clinical data of patients with cancer, a more thorough understanding of the interactions of the microbiota with cancer therapy helps researchers identify novel strategy for cancer prevention, stratify patients for more effective treatment and reduce treatment complication. In this review, we discuss the scientific evidence on the role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment, and highlight the latest knowledge and technologies leveraged to target specific bacteria that contribute to tumourigenesis. First, we provide an overview of the role of the gut microbiota in cancer, establishing the links between bacteria, inflammation and cancer treatment. Second, we highlight the mechanisms used by distinct bacterial species to modulate cancer growth, immune responses, as well as the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs and ICIs. Third, we demonstrate various approaches to modulate the gut microbiota and their potential in translational research. Finally, we discuss the limitations of current microbiome research in the context of cancer treatment, ongoing efforts to overcome these challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Yin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Ying Wu
- Division of Translational Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Bioinformatics and School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Public Health and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease and The Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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642
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Huybrechts I, Zouiouich S, Loobuyck A, Vandenbulcke Z, Vogtmann E, Pisanu S, Iguacel I, Scalbert A, Indave I, Smelov V, Gunter MJ, Michels N. The Human Microbiome in Relation to Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Epidemiologic Studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1856-1868. [PMID: 32727720 PMCID: PMC7541789 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiome has been hypothesized to play a role in cancer development. Because of the diversity of published data, an overview of available epidemiologic evidence linking the microbiome with cancer is now needed. We conducted a systematic review using a tailored search strategy in Medline and EMBASE databases to identify and summarize the current epidemiologic literature on the relationship between the microbiome and different cancer outcomes published until December 2019. We identified 124 eligible articles. The large diversity of parameters used to describe microbial composition made it impossible to harmonize the different studies in a way that would allow meta-analysis, therefore only a qualitative description of results could be performed. Fifty studies reported differences in the gut microbiome between patients with colorectal cancer and various control groups. The most consistent findings were for Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, and Peptostreptococcus being significantly enriched in fecal and mucosal samples from patients with colorectal cancer. For the oral microbiome, significantly increased and decreased abundance was reported for Fusobacterium and Streptococcus, respectively, in patients with oral cancer compared with controls. Overall, although there was a large amount of evidence for some of these alterations, most require validation in high-quality, preferably prospective, epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Semi Zouiouich
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Astrid Loobuyck
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Vandenbulcke
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emily Vogtmann
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Silvia Pisanu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Microbiology and Virology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Isabel Iguacel
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Iciar Indave
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Vitaly Smelov
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Division of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life-course, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc J Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Michels
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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643
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黄 嘉, 王 利, 吴 小, 陈 焕, 付 秀, 陈 少, 刘 涛. [Analysis of intestinal flora in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis based on highthroughput sequencing]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:1319-1324. [PMID: 32990228 PMCID: PMC7544583 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.09.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in diversity, relative abundance and distribution of intestinal flora in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps (CRSwNP) using high-throughput sequencing technology identify the intestinal flora significantly related to pathogenesis and progression of CRSwNP. METHODS Ten patients with CRSwNP hospitalized in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were selected as the case group with 10 healthy volunteers recruited in the same period as the control group. Fecal genomic DNA extraction kit was used to extract the DNA in the fecal samples, and the DNA fragment length was measured and quantified. The V3 and V4 highly variable regions of the 16S rDNA gene of prokaryotes were amplified followed by library construction, Illumina MiSeq sequencing, sequence alignment and species identification analysis. The relative abundance, diversity and distribution characteristics of the intestinal flora were analyzed, and the relevant metabolic pathways were predicted. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the patients with CRSwNP had significant changes in the overall structure of the intestinal flora, highlighted by increased abundance of Saccharopolyspora and decreased contents of Ruminococcae, Coprococcus, Collinsella and Dialister. Among the metabolic pathways predicted to be associated with CRSwNP, 9 showed significant changes in patients with CRSwNP as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with CRSwNP have significant changes in the structural characteristics of intestinal flora related with multiple metabolic pathways, and these changes may play an important role in the development of chronic rhinosinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- 嘉裕 黄
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,广东 广州 510080Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
- 汕头大学医学院,广东 汕头 515063Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515063, China
| | - 利平 王
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,广东 广州 510080Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 小琴 吴
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,广东 广州 510080Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 焕钧 陈
- 广东省英德市人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,广东 英德 513000Department of Otolaryngology, People's Hospital of Yingde City, Yingde 513000, China
| | - 秀丽 付
- 广东省英德市人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,广东 英德 513000Department of Otolaryngology, People's Hospital of Yingde City, Yingde 513000, China
| | - 少华 陈
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,广东 广州 510080Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - 涛 刘
- 广东省人民医院//广东省医学科学院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,广东 广州 510080Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
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644
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Janney A, Powrie F, Mann EH. Host–microbiota maladaptation in colorectal cancer. Nature 2020; 585:509-517. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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645
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Liu S, Zhao W, Liu X, Cheng L. Metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome in atherosclerosis patients identify cross-cohort microbial signatures and potential therapeutic target. FASEB J 2020; 34:14166-14181. [PMID: 32939880 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000622r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is associated with cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis. However, the composition, functional capacity, and metabolites of the gut microbiome about atherosclerosis have not been comprehensively studied. Here, we reanalyzed 25 metagenomic stool samples from Sweden and 385 metagenomic stool samples from China using HUMAnN2, PanPhlAn, and MelonnPan to obtain more sufficient information. We found that the samples from atherosclerotic patients in both cohorts were depleted in Bacteroides xylanisolvens, Odoribacter splanchnicus, Eubacterium eligens, Roseburia inulinivorans, and Roseburia intestinalis. At the functional level, healthy metagenomes were both enriched in pathways of starch degradation V, glycolysis III (from glucose), CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis, and folate transformations. R inulinivorans and R intestinalis are major contributors to starch degradation V, while E eligens greatly contribute to the pathway CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthesis, and B xylanisolvens and B uniformis contribute to folate transformations II. The 11 marker species selected from the Chinese cohort distinguish patients from controls with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) of 0.86. Strain-level microbial analysis revealed a geographically associated adaptation of the strains from E eligens, B uniformis, and E coli. Two gut microbial metabolites, nicotinic acid and hydrocinnamic acid, had significantly higher predicted abundance in the control samples compared to the patients in the Chinese cohort, and interestinglynicotinic acid is already an effective lipid-lowering drug to reducing cardiovascular risk. Our results indicate intestinal bacteria such as B xylanisolvens, E eligens, and R inulinivorans could be promising probiotics and potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenjing Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueyan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lixin Cheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medicine College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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646
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Watanabe D, Murakami H, Ohno H, Tanisawa K, Konishi K, Tsunematsu Y, Sato M, Miyoshi N, Wakabayashi K, Watanabe K, Miyachi M. Association between dietary intake and the prevalence of tumourigenic bacteria in the gut microbiota of middle-aged Japanese adults. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15221. [PMID: 32939005 PMCID: PMC7495490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative contribution of diet to colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is higher than that for other cancers. Animal models have revealed that Escherichia coli containing polyketide synthase (pks+ E. coli) in the gut participates in CRC development. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the relationship between dietary intake and the prevalence of pks+ E. coli isolated from the microbiota in faecal samples of 223 healthy Japanese individuals. Dietary intake was assessed using a previously validated brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. The prevalence of pks+ E. coli was evaluated using faecal samples collected from participants and specific primers that detected pks+ E. coli. The prevalence of pks+ E. coli was 26.9%. After adjusting for baseline confounders, the prevalence of pks+ E. coli was negatively associated with the intake of green tea (odds ratio [OR], 0.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30-0.88] per 100 g/1,000 kcal increment) and manganese (OR, 0.43 [95% CI 0.22-0.85] per 1 mg/1,000 kcal increment) and was positively associated with male sex (OR, 2.27 [95% CI 1.05-4.91]). While futher studies are needed to validate these findings, these results provide insight into potential dietary interventions for the prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Watanabe
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Haruka Murakami
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Harumi Ohno
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Kumpei Tanisawa
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Kana Konishi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsunematsu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Miyoshi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
| | - Motohiko Miyachi
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8636, Japan.
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647
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Longhi G, van Sinderen D, Ventura M, Turroni F. Microbiota and Cancer: The Emerging Beneficial Role of Bifidobacteria in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:575072. [PMID: 33013813 PMCID: PMC7507897 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.575072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many intestinal bacteria are believed to be involved in various inflammatory and immune processes that influence tumor etiology because of their metabolic properties and their ability to alter the microbiota homeostasis. Although many functions of the microbiota are still unclear, there is compelling experimental evidence showing that the intestinal microbiota is able to modulate carcinogenesis and the response to anticancer therapies, both in the intestinal tract and other body sites. Among the wide variety of gut-colonizing microorganisms, various species belonging to the Bifidobacterium genus are believed to elicit beneficial effects on human physiology and on the host-immune system. Recent findings, based on preclinical mouse models and on human clinical trials, have demonstrated the impact of gut commensals including bifidobacteria on the efficacy of tumor-targeting immunotherapy. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure, bifidobacteria and other microorganisms have become a promising aid to immunotherapeutic procedures that are currently applied to treat cancer. The present review focuses on strategies to recruit the microbiome in order to enhance anticancer responses and develop therapies aimed at fighting the onset and progression of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Longhi
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- Alimentary Pharmabotic Centre (APC) Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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648
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A Prognostic Model Based on Six Metabolism-Related Genes in Colorectal Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5974350. [PMID: 32953885 PMCID: PMC7482003 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5974350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have shown that abnormal metabolism processes are closely correlated with the genesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we systematically explored the prognostic value of metabolism-related genes (MRGs) for CRC patients. A total of 289 differentially expressed MRGs were screened based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), and 72 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) were obtained from TCGA and the Cistrome Project database. The clinical samples obtained from TCGA were randomly divided at a ratio of 7 : 3 to obtain the training group (n = 306) and the test group (n = 128). After univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, we constructed a prognostic model based on 6 MRGs (AOC2, ENPP2, ADA, GPD1L, ACADL, and CPT2). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis of the training group, validation group, and overall samples proved that the model had statistical significance in predicting the outcomes of patients. Independent prognosis analysis suggested that this risk score might serve as an independent prognosis factor for CRC patients. Moreover, we combined the prognostic model and the clinical characteristics in a nomogram to predict the overall survival of CRC patients. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to identify the enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in the high- and low-risk groups, which might provide novel therapeutic targets for CRC patients. We discovered through the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and TF-MRG regulatory network that 7 hub genes were retrieved from the PPI network and 4 kinds of differentially expressed TFs (NR3C1, MYH11, MAF, and CBX7) positively regulated 4 prognosis-associated MRGs (GSTM5, PTGIS, ENPP2, and P4HA3).
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649
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Jia W, Rajani C, Xu H, Zheng X. Gut microbiota alterations are distinct for primary colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Protein Cell 2020; 12:374-393. [PMID: 32797354 PMCID: PMC8106555 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00748-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are the second and third most common causes of death by cancer, respectively. The etiologies of the two cancers are either infectious insult or due to chronic use of alcohol, smoking, diet, obesity and diabetes. Pathological changes in the composition of the gut microbiota that lead to intestinal inflammation are a common factor for both HCC and CRC. However, the gut microbiota of the cancer patient evolves with disease pathogenesis in unique ways that are affected by etiologies and environmental factors. In this review, we examine the changes that occur in the composition of the gut microbiota across the stages of the HCC and CRC. Based on the idea that the gut microbiota are an additional "lifeline" and contribute to the tumor microenvironment, we can observe from previously published literature how the microbiota can cause a shift in the balance from normal → inflammation → diminished inflammation from early to later disease stages. This pattern leads to the hypothesis that tumor survival depends on a less pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment. The differences observed in the gut microbiota composition between different disease etiologies as well as between HCC and CRC suggest that the tumor microenvironment is unique for each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China. .,Hong Kong Tranditional Chinese Medicine Phenome Research Center, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, 999077, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Cynthia Rajani
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Hongxi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zheng
- Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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650
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Xu J, Yang M, Wang D, Zhang S, Yan S, Zhu Y, Chen W. Alteration of the abundance of Parvimonas micra in the gut along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:106. [PMID: 32831925 PMCID: PMC7439112 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvimonas micra (P. micra) is reported to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its association with colorectal adenoma (CRA) and its role in the initiation of colorectal tumors remain unknown. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between P. micra and CRA and CRC by exploring the changes of P. micra abundance in an adenoma-carcinoma sequence in a new cohort and 4 public sequencing datasets. To investigate the alterations of P. micra abundance in the gut along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, quantitative PCR (qPCR) was conducted to measure the relative abundance of P. micra in fecal samples from 277 subjects (128 patients with CRA, 66 patients with CRC and 83 healthy individuals, as controls) who underwent colonoscopy as outpatients. Then, the relative abundance of P. micra was analyzed in fecal samples from 596 subjects (185 healthy controls, 158 CRC, 253 CRA) in four public 16S rRNA sequencing datasets. The qPCR results demonstrated that the CRA group had an abundance of P. micra (P=0.2) similar to that of the healthy control group, while the CRC group had a significantly increased abundance (P=8.2×10−11). The level of P. micra effectively discriminated patients with CRC from healthy controls, while it poorly discriminated patients with CRA from healthy controls; with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.867 for patients with CRC and 0.554 for patients with CRA. The same pattern of the alteration of P. micra abundance, which was low in healthy controls and patients with CRA but elevated in patients with CRC, was found in all four public sequencing datasets. These results suggested that P. micra was closely associated with, and may serve as a diagnostic marker for, CRC but not CRA. Moreover, it was indicated that P. micra may be an opportunistic pathogen of CRC, which may promote CRC development but serve a limited role in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Suzhou Precision Gene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Dongyan Wang
- Suzhou Precision Gene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Shuilong Zhang
- Suzhou Precision Gene Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P.R. China
| | - Su Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | | | - Weichang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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