601
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Liao Z, Chua D, Tan NS. Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:65. [PMID: 30927919 PMCID: PMC6441160 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Field cancerization and metastasis are the leading causes for cancer recurrence and mortality in cancer patients. The formation of primary, secondary tumors or metastasis is greatly influenced by multifaceted tumor-stroma interactions, in which stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) can affect the behavior of the cancer cells. Many studies have identified cytokines and growth factors as cell signaling molecules that aid cell to cell communication. However, the functional contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a family of volatile chemicals, as communication molecules are less understood. Cancer cells and various tumor-associated stromal cells produce and secrete a copious amount of ROS into the TME. Intracellular ROS modulate cell signaling cascades that aid in the acquisition of several hallmarks of cancers. Extracellular ROS help to propagate, amplify, and effectively create a mutagenic and oncogenic field which facilitate the formation of multifoci tumors and act as a springboard for metastatic tumor cells. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of ROS as atypical paracrine signaling molecules for field cancerization and metastasis. Field cancerization and metastasis are often discussed separately; we offer a model that placed these events with ROS as the focal instigating agent in a broader "seed-soil" hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehuan Liao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor, and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, SE-17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Damien Chua
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
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602
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Tampakis A, Tampaki EC, Nonni A, Droeser R, Posabella A, Tsourouflis G, Kontzoglou K, Patsouris E, von Flüe M, Kouraklis G. Nectin-1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer: Is There a Group of Patients with High Risk for Early Disease Recurrence? Oncology 2019; 96:318-325. [PMID: 30917374 DOI: 10.1159/000499569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite improvements in therapy of colorectal cancer, some patients will present occurrence of recurrence either locally or distantly. Tumor metastasis constitutes the major cause of cancer-associated morbidity and mortality. Nectin-1 belongs to the family of immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules that contribute to the formation of cell-cell adhesions and regulate a series of cellular activities including cell polarization, differentiation, movement, proliferation, and survival. Expression of Nectin-1 in malignant tumors has been associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess Nectin-1 expression patterns in colorectal cancer and to investigate its clinical significance. METHODS Nectin-1 expression was assessed via immunohistochemistry in surgical specimens of a cohort comprised of 111 patients with primary resectable colorectal cancer. Results were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and survival data. Progression-free survival was defined as the primary outcome of the present study. RESULTS Nectin-1 was strongly expressed in the cytoplasm of colorectal cancer cells. High Nectin-1 expression was associated with advanced stage of disease (p = 0.012) and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.007). Progression-free survival of patients exhibiting high expression of Nectin-1 in the first 36 months after surgery was significantly worse compared to patients with low expression of Nectin-1 (55.7%, 95% CI = 47-70, vs. 82.1%, 95% CI = 69-93, p = 0.014) and independent of other clinicopathological characteristics (HR = 0.389, 95% CI = 0.156-0.972, p = 0.043). CONCLUSION Nectin-1 expression in colorectal cancer is associated with a significantly worse 3-year progression-free survival identifying therefore a group of patients with high risk for early disease recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Tampakis
- Clarunis University Center of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, .,2nd Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece,
| | - Ekaterini Christina Tampaki
- 2nd Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Afroditi Nonni
- 1st Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Raoul Droeser
- Clarunis University Center of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Posabella
- Clarunis University Center of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerasimos Tsourouflis
- 2nd Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kontzoglou
- 2nd Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios Patsouris
- 1st Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Markus von Flüe
- Clarunis University Center of Gastrointestinal and Liver Disorders, Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gregory Kouraklis
- 2nd Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Athens University Medical School, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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603
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Abstract
In the context of oncology, liquid biopsies consist of harvesting cancer biomarkers, such as circulating tumor cells, tumor-derived cell-free DNA, and extracellular vesicles, from bodily fluids. These biomarkers provide a source of clinically actionable molecular information that can enable precision medicine. Herein, we review technologies for the molecular profiling of liquid biopsy markers with special emphasis on the analysis of low abundant markers from mixed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila D. M. Campos
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
- Center of Biomodular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
| | - Joshua M. Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
- Center of Biomodular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
| | - Małgorzata A. Witek
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
- Center of Biomodular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Steven A. Soper
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
- Center of Biomodular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
- BioEngineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
- Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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604
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Ghasemi A, Saeidi J, Azimi-Nejad M, Hashemy SI. Leptin-induced signaling pathways in cancer cell migration and invasion. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2019; 42:243-260. [PMID: 30877623 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-019-00428-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates that obesity is associated with tumor development and progression. Leptin is an adipocyte-related hormone with a key role in energy metabolism and whose circulating levels are elevated in obesity. The effect of leptin on cancer progression and metastasis and its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Leptin can impact various steps in tumor metastasis, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM), and proteolysis of ECM components. To do so, leptin binds to its receptor (OB-Rb) to activate signaling pathways and downstream effectors that participate in tumor cell invasion as well as distant metastasis. CONCLUSIONS In this review, we describe metastasis steps in detail and characterize metastasis-related molecules activated by leptin, which may help to develop a roadmap that guides future work. In addition, we conclude that a profound understanding of the fundamental molecular processes that contribute to leptin-induced metastasis may pave the way for the development of new prognostic molecules and appropriate approaches to the treatment of obesity-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghasemi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jafar Saeidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nejad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- Department of Genetic, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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605
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Sundaram GM, Quah S, Sampath P. Metastasis suppression and enhancement of anti-tumour immunity by targeting the FSTL1-DIP2A axis. Transl Cancer Res 2019; 8:S149-S151. [PMID: 35117087 PMCID: PMC8798567 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2018.12.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath M. Sundaram
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Shan Quah
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Prabha Sampath
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore;,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; ,Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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606
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Andrgie AT, Mekuria SL, Addisu KD, Hailemeskel BZ, Hsu WH, Tsai HC, Lai JY. Non-Anticoagulant Heparin Prodrug Loaded Biodegradable and Injectable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels for Enhanced Anti-Metastasis Therapy. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800409. [PMID: 30821920 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a pathogenic spread of cancer cells from the primary site to surrounding tissues and distant organs, making it one of the primary challenges for effective cancer treatment and the major cause of cancer mortality. Heparin-based biomaterials exhibit significant inhibition of cancer cell metastasis. In this study, a non-anticoagulate heparin prodrug is developed for metastasis treatment with a localized treatment system using temperature sensitive, injectable, and biodegradable (poly-(ε-caprolactone-co-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-lactide) polymeric hydrogel. The drug molecule (heparin) is conjugated with the polymer via esterification, and its sustained release is ensured by hydrolysis and polymeric biodegradation. An aqueous solution of the polymer could be used as an injectable solution at below 25 °C and it achieves gel formation at 37 °C. The anti-metastasis effect of the hydrogels is investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that local administration of injectable heparin-loaded hydrogels effectively promote an inhibitory effect on cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abegaz Tizazu Andrgie
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shewaye Lakew Mekuria
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kefyalew Dagnew Addisu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Balkew Zewge Hailemeskel
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Hsin Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.,R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan University, Chung-Li, 320, Taiwan
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607
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Abu-Shawer O, Abu-Shawer M, Hirmas N, Alhouri A, Massad A, Alsibai B, Sultan H, Hammo H, Souleiman M, Shebli Y, Al-Hussaini M. Hematologic markers of distant metastases and poor prognosis in gynecological cancers. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:141. [PMID: 30755184 PMCID: PMC6373103 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the recent progress in the development of anti-cancer drugs, the treatment of metastatic tumors is usually ineffective. The systemic inflammatory response performs key roles in different stages of the carcinogenesis process including metastasis. The high neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were found to be associated with poor survival rates in the majority of solid tumors. However, only a few studies were conducted to further investigate this association in patients with advanced gynecological cancers. Methods Clinical data from 264 patients with FIGO stage III and IV gynecological (endometrial, ovarian and cervical) cancers treated at King Hussein Cancer Center (Amman-Jordan) from 2006 to 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. We examined the association between absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute monocyte count (AMC), MLR, PLR, and NLR with distant metastases, overall survival and event-free survival in gynecological cancers. For survival analysis, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was operated to determine the optimal cutoff values. Results Patients with high baseline NLR (≥4.1) had more baseline distant metastases than patients with low baseline NLR (< 4.1), (p-value 0.045). Patients with high baseline AMC (≥560) had more distant metastases in comparison to patients with low baseline AMC (< 560), (p-value 0.040). Furthermore, Patients with high baseline PLR (≥0.3) had more distant metastases in comparison to patients with low baseline PLR (< 0.3), (p-value 0.025). Additionally, patients with high baseline ANC (≥5700) had worse overall survival compared to the patients with low baseline ANC (< 5700), (p-value 0.015). Also, patients with high baseline AMC (≥490) had worse overall survival compared to the patients with low baseline AMC (< 490), (p-value 0.044). Conclusion Different hematologic markers obtained from a cheap test (CBC) could potentially be used to predict the presence of distant metastases thus used as prognostic indices in gynecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Abu-Shawer
- University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - N Hirmas
- King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - A Alhouri
- University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - A Massad
- University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - B Alsibai
- University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - H Sultan
- University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - H Hammo
- University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - M Souleiman
- University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - Y Shebli
- University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - M Al-Hussaini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, 11941, Jordan.
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608
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Xu S, Ware KE, Ding Y, Kim SY, Sheth MU, Rao S, Chan W, Armstrong AJ, Eward WC, Jolly MK, Somarelli JA. An Integrative Systems Biology and Experimental Approach Identifies Convergence of Epithelial Plasticity, Metabolism, and Autophagy to Promote Chemoresistance. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8020205. [PMID: 30736412 PMCID: PMC6406733 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8020205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of therapeutic resistance is a major cause of death for cancer patients. The development of therapy resistance is shaped by the ecological dynamics within the tumor microenvironment and the selective pressure of the host immune system. These selective forces often lead to evolutionary convergence on pathways or hallmarks that drive progression. Thus, a deeper understanding of the evolutionary convergences that occur could reveal vulnerabilities to treat therapy-resistant cancer. To this end, we combined phylogenetic clustering, systems biology analyses, and molecular experimentation to identify convergences in gene expression data onto common signaling pathways. We applied these methods to derive new insights about the networks at play during transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition in lung cancer. Phylogenetic analyses of gene expression data from TGF-β-treated cells revealed convergence of cells toward amine metabolic pathways and autophagy during TGF-β treatment. Knockdown of the autophagy regulatory, ATG16L1, re-sensitized lung cancer cells to cancer therapies following TGF-β-induced resistance, implicating autophagy as a TGF-β-mediated chemoresistance mechanism. In addition, high ATG16L expression was found to be a poor prognostic marker in multiple cancer types. These analyses reveal the usefulness of combining evolutionary and systems biology methods with experimental validation to illuminate new therapeutic vulnerabilities for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Xu
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Kathryn E Ware
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Yuantong Ding
- Department of Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 2 7710, USA.
| | - Maya U Sheth
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Sneha Rao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Wesley Chan
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Andrew J Armstrong
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
- Solid Tumor Program and the Duke Prostate and Urologic Cancer Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - William C Eward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Mohit Kumar Jolly
- Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005-1827, USA.
- Current address: Centre for BioSystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
| | - Jason A Somarelli
- Duke Cancer Institute and the Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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609
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Sakamaki Y, Ozdemir J, Heidrick Z, Watson O, Shahsavari HR, Fereidoonnezhad M, Khosropour AR, Beyzavi MH. Metal–Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks as Platforms for Photodynamic Therapy. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2018.1542597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Sakamaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - John Ozdemir
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Zachary Heidrick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Olivia Watson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Hamid R. Shahsavari
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Masood Fereidoonnezhad
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ahmad R. Khosropour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - M. Hassan Beyzavi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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610
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Zheng X, Chen Y, Bai M, Liu Y, Xu B, Sun R, Zeng H. The antimetastatic effect and underlying mechanisms of thioredoxin reductase inhibitor ethaselen. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:7-17. [PMID: 30496814 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Treating cancer metastasis is of vital importance to prolong patients' survival. Thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) is overexpressed in many cancer types and has been recognized as an anti-cancer target. The organoselenium compound ethaselen (BBSKE) has been proved to be a TrxR inhibitor and inhibit various types of tumor growth. However, whether BBSKE could inhibit tumor metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we aim to explore the antimetastatic effect of BBSKE and underlying mechanisms. BBSKE was found to dose-dependently suppress migration and invasion of MCF-7 and LoVo cells in vitro. The underlying mechanisms may include inhibition of TrxR activity, elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decrease of EGFR activation and HER2 expression. Besides, the epithelial to mesenchymal transition process and expression of CD44, MMP-9, VEGFR2 and PD-L1 were also abrogated. Decreased migration and invasion, lower expression levels of EGFR, HER2, N-cadherin, CD44, MMP-9, VEGFR2 and PD-L1 were also observed in TrxR1-knockdown MCF-7 and LoVo cells. In the mouse breast cancer 4T1 model, BBSKE not only inhibited progression of primary tumor, but also suppressed formation of metastatic lung nodules and liver micro-metastases, indicating that BBSKE could effectively abolish tumor metastasis. In conclusion, our findings show that BBSKE is able to inhibit migration and invasion of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and may be used to prevent and treat metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yifan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Man Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Yuxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Binyuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Ruoxuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Huihui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China; Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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611
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Xie Y, Li F, Li Z, Shi Z. miR-135a suppresses migration of gastric cancer cells by targeting TRAF5-mediated NF-κB activation. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:975-984. [PMID: 30774383 PMCID: PMC6362934 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s189976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As crucial regulators and possible biomarkers for cancer development, miRNAs have attracted intensive attention during the last two decades. Among the known miRNAs, miR-135a has been indicated as a tumor suppressor in several cancer types, whereas its roles and mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC) remain largely unclear. Materials and methods Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was conducted to detect the expression of miR-135a in paired GC tissues as well as cell lines. The prognostic value was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to determine the roles of miR-135a in GC cell migration. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, qPCR, and Western blot analysis were used to validate the targeting of TRAF5 and subsequent NF-κB pathway by miR-135a. Rescue experiments were done to explain the involvement of TRAF5 in mediating the anti-migration effect of miR-135a in GC cells. Finally, the expression of TRAF5 was examined in paired GC tissues. Results miR-135a was confirmed to be decreased in GC tissues and cell lines, and its lower expression predicted worse overall survival. Cellular experiments proved that miR-135a suppressed migration in GC cells. Through directly targeting TRAF5 and subsequently inhibiting NF-κB pathway, miR-135a might efficiently inhibit GC cell metastasis. Furthermore, we found that TRAF5 overexpression was negatively correlated with miR-135a expression in GC tissues. Conclusion Our study indicated that miR-135a serves a suppressing role in GC cell migration by targeting TRAF5 and the downstream NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzheng Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Fangjun Li
- Department of Emergency, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475000, China,
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Zhaohui Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng 475000, China
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612
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Sun K, Zhao J. A risk assessment model for the prognosis of osteosarcoma utilizing differentially expressed lncRNAs. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:1128-1138. [PMID: 30569146 PMCID: PMC6323200 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to establish a risk assessment model for evaluating osteosarcoma prognosis based on prognosis-associated long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression. Human osteosarcoma expression profiles were obtained from the NCBI GEO and EBI ArrayExpress databases and differently expressed lncRNAs between good and poor prognosis groups were evaluated using Student's t-test and Wilcoxon rank test in R (v. 3.1.0). A multivariate Cox regression was used to establish a risk assessment system based on lncRNA expression levels, with the associated regression coefficients used as the weight. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to verify the accuracy of the risk assessment model. Associations between the prognosis, risk assessment model and clinical features were also investigated using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes associated with the lncRNAs in the risk assessment model were identified, and functional enrichment analysis was performed. A total of 9 from the 211 differentially expressed lncRNAs were selected to establish the risk assessment model. The risk assessment model exhibited a good prognostic prediction ability, with high area under the curve values in the training and validation sets. Additionally, the calculated risk score based on the 9 selected lncRNAs was identified to be an independent prognostic factor for osteosarcoma. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes were primarily enriched in the cell cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and cell adhesion processes. The present study described a risk assessment model based on 9 significantly differentially expressed lncRNAs, which was identified to have a high accuracy in potentially predicting patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
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613
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Yazdani HO, Huang H, Tsung A. Autophagy: Dual Response in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020091. [PMID: 30695997 PMCID: PMC6406383 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionary conserved intracellular mechanism which helps eukaryotic cells in maintaining their metabolic state to afford high-efficiency energy requirements. In the physiology of a normal liver and the pathogenesis of liver diseases, autophagy plays a crucial role. Autophagy has been found to be both upregulated and downregulated in different cancers providing the evidence that autophagy plays a dual role in suppressing and promoting cell survival. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the major leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In light of its high complexity and poor prognosis, it is essential to improve our understanding of autophagy’s role in HCC. In this review, we summarize the dual mechanism of autophagy in the development of HCC and elucidate the currently used therapeutic strategies for anti-HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza O Yazdani
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburg, PA 15213-2582, USA.
| | - Hai Huang
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, N924 Doan Hall, 410 West 10th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Allan Tsung
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, N924 Doan Hall, 410 West 10th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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614
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Wang D, Liu H, Ren C, Wang L. High Expression of ABRACL Is Associated with Tumorigenesis and Affects Clinical Outcome in Gastric Cancer. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:91-97. [PMID: 30676103 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ABRA C-terminal like (ABRACL) protein belongs to a novel family of low-molecular weight proteins that increase actin dynamics and cell motility. It is involved in various diseases including cancer; however, its role in gastric cancer is unclear. In this study, the expression of ABRACL in gastric cancer and its relationships with patients' clinicopathological features and survival are examined. METHODS Sample expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and the Cancer Genome Atlas. ABRACL expression at the protein level in normal gastric and gastric cancer tissues was compared by using immunohistochemistry staining data provided by the Human Protein Atlas. Correlations between ABRACL expression and clinicopathological features are analyzed by chi-square tests. Patient survival was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS ABRACL expression is upregulated in gastric cancer tissues than in normal tissues. High ABRACL levels indicated a poor prognosis. ABRACL expression (low ABRACL, n = 96; high ABRACL, n = 96) in gastric cancer tissues (primary data from GSE15459) is significantly correlated with poor overall survival (χ2 = 4.078, p = 0.043; log-rank test). ABRACL protein levels (low ABRACL, n = 172, high ABRACL, n = 171) in gastric cancer tissues (primary data from www.kmplot.com ) are significantly correlated with poor overall survival (χ2 = 4.305, p = 0.038, log-rank test). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that ABRACL is highly expressed in gastric cancer and is a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Wang
- 1 Pharmacy Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China.,2 Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - HuaQiang Liu
- 1 Pharmacy Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunling Ren
- 3 Pharmacy Department, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lanying Wang
- 1 Pharmacy Department, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
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615
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Monro S, Colón KL, Yin H, Roque J, Konda P, Gujar S, Thummel RP, Lilge L, Cameron CG, McFarland SA. Transition Metal Complexes and Photodynamic Therapy from a Tumor-Centered Approach: Challenges, Opportunities, and Highlights from the Development of TLD1433. Chem Rev 2019; 119:797-828. [PMID: 30295467 PMCID: PMC6453754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 792] [Impact Index Per Article: 158.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes are of increasing interest as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and, more recently, for photochemotherapy (PCT). In recent years, Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes have emerged as promising systems for both PDT and PCT. Their rich photochemical and photophysical properties derive from a variety of excited-state electronic configurations accessible with visible and near-infrared light, and these properties can be exploited for both energy- and electron-transfer processes that can yield highly potent oxygen-dependent and/or oxygen-independent photobiological activity. Selected examples highlight the use of rational design in coordination chemistry to control the lowest-energy triplet excited-state configurations for eliciting a particular type of photoreactivity for PDT and/or PCT effects. These principles are also discussed in the context of the development of TLD1433, the first Ru(II)-based photosensitizer for PDT to enter a human clinical trial. The design of TLD1433 arose from a tumor-centered approach, as part of a complete PDT package that includes the light component and the protocol for treating non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Briefly, this review summarizes the challenges to bringing PDT into mainstream cancer therapy. It considers the chemical and photophysical solutions that transition metal complexes offer, and it puts into context the multidisciplinary effort needed to bring a new drug to clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Monro
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova
Scotia B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Katsuya L. Colón
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of
North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Huimin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova
Scotia B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - John Roque
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of
North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Prathyusha Konda
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie
University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5
| | - Shashi Gujar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie
University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax,
Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova
Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5
- Centre for Innovative and Collaborative Health Services
Research, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3K 6R8
| | - Randolph P. Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston,
Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Lothar Lilge
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network,
101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M6R1Z7
| | - Colin G. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of
North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova
Scotia B4P 2R6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of
North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax,
Nova Scotia, Canada B3H 1X5
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616
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Rath B, Klameth L, Plangger A, Hochmair M, Ulsperger E, Huk I, Zeillinger R, Hamilton G. Expression of Proteolytic Enzymes by Small Cell Lung Cancer Circulating Tumor Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010114. [PMID: 30669448 PMCID: PMC6357007 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive type of lung cancer which disseminates vigorously and has a dismal prognosis. Metastasis of SCLC is linked to an extremely high number of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), which form chemoresistant spheroids, termed tumorospheres. Intravasation and extravasation during tumor spread requires the activity of a number of proteases to disintegrate the stroma and vascular tissue. Generation of several permanent SCLC CTC lines allowed us to screen for the expression of 35 proteases using Western blot arrays. Cell culture supernatants of two CTC lines, namely BHGc7 and 10, were analyzed for secreted proteases, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), ADAM/TS, cathepsins, kallikreins, and others, and compared to proteases expressed by SCLC cell lines (GLC14, GLC16, NCI-H526 and SCLC26A). In contrast to NCI-H526 and SCLC26A, MMP-9 was highly expressed in the two CTC lines and in GLC16 derived of a relapse. Furthermore, cathepsins (S, V, X/Z/P, A and D) were highly expressed in the CTC lines, whereas ADAM/TS and kallikreins were not detectable. In conclusion, SCLC CTCs express MMP-9 and a range of cathepsins for proteolysis and, aside from tissue degradation, these enzymes are involved in cell signaling, survival, and the chemoresistance of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Rath
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Lukas Klameth
- Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Adelina Plangger
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | - Ihor Huk
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Robert Zeillinger
- Molecular Oncology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Comprehensive Cancer Center-Gynecological Cancer Unit, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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617
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Jones KM, Karanam B, Jones-Triche J, Sandey M, Henderson HJ, Samant RS, Temesgen S, Yates C, Bedi D. Phage Ligands for Identification of Mesenchymal-Like Breast Cancer Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts. Front Oncol 2019; 8:625. [PMID: 30619759 PMCID: PMC6304394 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is believed to be crucial for primary tumors to escape their original residence and invade and metastasize. To properly define EMT, there is a need for ligands that can identify this phenomenon in tumor tissue and invivo. A phage-display selection screening was performed to select novel binding phage peptides for identification of EMT in breast cancer. Epithelial breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 was transformed to mesenchymal phenotype by TGF-β treatment and was used for selection. Breast fibroblasts were used for subtractive depletion and breast cancer metastatic cell lines MDA-MB-231, T47D-shNMI were used for specificity assay. The binding peptides were identified, and their binding capacities were confirmed by phage capture assay, phage-based ELISA, immunofluorescence microscopy. The phage peptide bearing the 7-amino acid sequence, LGLRGSL, demonstrated selective binding to EMT phenotypic cells (MCF-7/TGF-β and MDA-MB-231) as compared to epithelial subtype, MCF-7, T47D and breast fibroblasts (Hs578T). The selected phage was also able to identify metastatic breast cancer tumor in breast cancer tissue microarray (TMA). These studies suggest that the selected phage peptide LGLRGSL identified by phage-display library, showed significant ability to bind to mesenchymal-like breast cancer cells/ tissues and can serve as a novel probe/ligand for metastatic breast cancer diagnostic and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin M Jones
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Balasubramanyam Karanam
- Department of Biology, Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | | | - Maninder Sandey
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Henry J Henderson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Rajeev S Samant
- Department of Pathobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Samuel Temesgen
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Clayton Yates
- Department of Biology, Center for Cancer Research, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Deepa Bedi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
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618
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Jeon HY, Lee YJ, Kim YS, Kim SY, Han ET, Park WS, Hong SH, Kim YM, Ha KS. Proinsulin C‐peptide prevents hyperglycemia‐induced vascular leakage and metastasis of melanoma cells in the lungs of diabetic mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:750-762. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800723r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Yoon Jeon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiochemistryKangwon National University School of Medicine Chuncheon Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiochemistryKangwon National University School of Medicine Chuncheon Korea
| | - You-Sun Kim
- Department of BiochemistryAjou University School of Medicine Suwon Korea
| | - Soo-Youl Kim
- Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology BranchNational Cancer Center Goyang Korea
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical MedicineKangwon National University School of Medicine Chuncheon Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of PhysiologyKangwon National University School of Medicine Chuncheon Korea
| | - Seok-Ho Hong
- Department of Internal MedicineKangwon National University School of Medicine Chuncheon Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiochemistryKangwon National University School of Medicine Chuncheon Korea
| | - Kwon-Soo Ha
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiochemistryKangwon National University School of Medicine Chuncheon Korea
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619
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Bohiniková A, Bachratá K. Calibration of Circulating Tumor Cell’s Model in Narrow Flow. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921302006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article our objective was to calibrate model of Circulating Tumor Cell (CTC). Different types of cancer produce different types of CTCs. For research purposes, we chose to set up the model according to MCF7 breast cancer cell lines, due to the availability of data from laboratory experiments. First, to obtain working model we used mechanics of our already existing RBC model, taking into consideration the differences between RBC and CTC. Next step was to find values for the elastic parameters of the cell model. We have chosen laboratory experiment where the deformability of breast cancer cell passing through narrow microfluidic channel was examined. The channel has similar dimensions as blood capillaries to mimic the in vivo environment. In order to achieve similar behavior of the cell’s model and the real cell in the experiment we needed to set fluid flow according to experimental data. This was achieved by adjusting the fluid force that is dependent on the volumetric flow rate. Due to the long computational time of the simulation we devised a function between the entry time and the volumetric flow rate. Afterwards we also found dependencies between the changes in elastic parameters and entry time, and we were able to set the elastic parameters so they mimic the behaviour from the laboratory experiment. Further work lies in validating these results.
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620
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Stroud J. A mechanistic theory explaining hyperferritinaemia in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Med Hypotheses 2019; 122:165-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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621
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Bhoyar S, Godet I, DiGiacomo JW, Gilkes DM. A software tool for the quantification of metastatic colony growth dynamics and size distributions in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209591. [PMID: 30589908 PMCID: PMC6307751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of cancer-related deaths are due to metastasis, hence improved methods to biologically and computationally model metastasis are required. Computational models rely on robust data that is machine-readable. The current methods used to model metastasis in mice involve generating primary tumors by injecting human cells into immune-compromised mice, or by examining genetically engineered mice that are pre-disposed to tumor development and that eventually metastasize. The degree of metastasis can be measured using flow cytometry, bioluminescence imaging, quantitative PCR, and/or by manually counting individual lesions from metastatic tissue sections. The aforementioned methods are time-consuming and do not provide information on size distribution or spatial localization of individual metastatic lesions. In this work, we describe and provide a MATLAB script for an image-processing based method designed to obtain quantitative data from tissue sections comprised of multiple subpopulations of disseminated cells localized at metastatic sites in vivo. We further show that this method can be easily adapted for high throughput imaging of live or fixed cells in vitro under a multitude of conditions in order to assess clonal fitness and evolution. The inherent variation in mouse studies, increasing complexity in experimental design which incorporate fate-mapping of individual cells, result in the need for a large cohort of mice to generate a robust dataset. High-throughput imaging techniques such as the one that we describe will enhance the data that can be used as input for the development of computational models aimed at modeling the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Bhoyar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Inês Godet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Josh W. DiGiacomo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniele M. Gilkes
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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622
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Tusskorn O, Khunluck T, Prawan A, Senggunprai L, Kukongviriyapan V. Mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial death pathway in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 111:109-118. [PMID: 30579250 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mdivi-1, a selective Drp-1 inhibitor, impedes mitochondrial dynamics and suppresses cancer proliferation and progression. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a very aggressive malignancy which is refractory to chemotherapy. The study investigated the mechanism of the chemosensitizing effect of mdivi-1 in cholangiocarcinoma. MAIN METHODS CCA cells and HEK293 T cells were employed in the study. Cell viability and induction of apoptotic cell death were determined by the MTT and acridine orange-ethidium bromide methods. Cellular glutathione content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation were assessed using thiol green and 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate fluorescent probes, respectively. Mitochondrial transmembrane potential and autophagy were detected by JC-1 dye and autophagy assay. Cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell migration was measured using the wound healing assay. Proteins involved in cell proliferation and cell cycle were analyzed by western immunoblotting. KEY FINDINGS Mdivi-1 enhanced cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in CCA cells but not in HEK293 T cells. Mdivi-1 enhanced cisplatin induced glutathione redox stress, ROS formation, and loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Moreover, mdivi-1 also inhibited autophagic flux and suppressed CCA cell migration. SIGNIFICANCE Mdivi-1 sensitized CCA cells to cytotoxicity of cisplatin in association with increases of oxidative stress and autophagosomes, and induced cell death via the mitochondrial pathway. Disruption of mitochondrial dynamics may be a novel strategy to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy to treat CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornanong Tusskorn
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Tueanjai Khunluck
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
| | - Auemduan Prawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
| | - Laddawan Senggunprai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand
| | - Veerapol Kukongviriyapan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
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623
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Spugnini EP, Logozzi M, Di Raimo R, Mizzoni D, Fais S. A Role of Tumor-Released Exosomes in Paracrine Dissemination and Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3968. [PMID: 30544664 PMCID: PMC6321583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic diffusion is thought to be a multi-step phenomenon involving the release of cells from the primary tumor and their diffusion through the body. Currently, several hypotheses have been put forward in order to explain the origin of cancer metastasis, including epithelial⁻mesenchymal transition, mutagenesis of stem cells, and a facilitating role of macrophages, involving, for example, transformation or fusion hybridization with neoplastic cells. In this paradigm, tumor-secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes, play a pivotal role in cell communications, delivering a plethora of biomolecules including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. For their natural role in shuttling molecules, EVs have been newly considered a part of the metastatic cascade. They have a prominent role in preparing the so-called "tumor niches" in target organs. However, recent evidence has pointed out an even more interesting role of tumor EVs, consisting in their ability to induce malignant transformation in resident mesenchymal stem cells. All in all, in this review, we discuss the multiple involvements of EVs in the metastatic cascade, and how we can exploit and manipulate EVs in order to reduce the metastatic spread of malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariantonia Logozzi
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Rossella Di Raimo
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Davide Mizzoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Stefano Fais
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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624
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Wei X, Chen S, Xu Z, Jia N, Qi Y, Zhou Q, Wang J, Qu L, Zhang S, Wang Y. Melatonin inhibits the migration of human gastric carcinoma cells at least in part by remodeling tight junction. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9781-9786. [PMID: 30537334 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The recurrence and metastasis is one of the major reasons for malignant tumor treatment failure. Melatonin, a naturally occuring hormone, could reduce the recurrence and metastasis of various tumors. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of melatonin on tumor metastasis inhibition have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we explored the impact of melatonin on the migratory capability of human gastric carcinoma cells using wound healing assay, and further investigated if the inhibition on migration ability of melatonin was embodied by relocating tight junction proteins zo-1 and occludin onto the cells surface to remodel tight junction structure. Immunofluorescence assay and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression and cell location of the tight junction proteins. The migration distance was decreased as the cells were treated with melatonin. And melatonin increased the membrane location of tight junction proteins, zo-1 and occludin, showed by immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analysis. The results we got show that melatonin makes tight junction proteins anchored more on the cells membrane to remodel cells tight junction, which increase cells adhesion and decrease motility, resulting in the inhibition of gastric cancer cells migration and metastasis ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,General Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Affiliated Hefei Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaolong Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Jia
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinliang Qi
- General Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Affiliated Hefei Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Qu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Sumei Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.,General Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, Affiliated Hefei Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Department of Biochemistry, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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625
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Sai B, Xiang J. Disseminated tumour cells in bone marrow are the source of cancer relapse after therapy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:5776-5786. [PMID: 30255991 PMCID: PMC6237612 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that cancer cells spread much earlier than was previously believed. Recent technological advances have greatly improved the detection methods of circulating tumour cells (CTCs), suggesting that the dissemination of cancer cells into the circulation occurs randomly. Most CTCs die in circulation as a result of shear stress and/or anoikis. However, the persistence of disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow is the result of interaction of DTCs with bone marrow microenvironment. DTCs in the bone marrow undergo successive clonal expansions and a parallel progression that leads to new variants. Compared to the CTCs, DTCs in the bone marrow have a unique signature, which displayed dormant, mesenchymal phenotype and osteoblast-like or osteoclast-like phenotype. The persistence of DTCs in the bone marrow is always related to minimal residual diseases (MRDs). This review outlines the difference between CTCs and DTCs in the bone marrow and describes how this difference affects the clinical values of CTCs and DTCs, such as metastasis and recurrence. We suggest that DTCs remaining in the bone marrow after therapy can be used as a superior marker in comparison with CTCs to define patients with an unfavourable prognosis and may therefore be a potential prognostic factor and therapeutic target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buqing Sai
- Hunan Cancer HospitalThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of HealthXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Juanjuan Xiang
- Hunan Cancer HospitalThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Cancer Research InstituteSchool of Basic Medical ScienceCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of HealthXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerChangshaHunanChina
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626
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Huang W, Su H, Wen L, Shao A, Yang F, Chen G. Enhanced anticancer effect of Brucea javanica oil by solidified self-microemulsifying drug delivery system. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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627
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Shen W, Song Y, Burklund A, Le B, Zhang R, Wang L, Xi Y, Qian K, Shen T, Zhang JXJ. Combined immunomagnetic capture coupled with ultrasensitive plasmonic detection of circulating tumor cells in blood. Biomed Microdevices 2018; 20:99. [PMID: 30417219 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-018-0333-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate enhanced on-chip circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection through the incorporation of plasmonic-enhanced near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence screening. Specifically, the performance of plasmonic gold coated chips was evaluated on our previously reported immunomagnetic CTC capture system and compared to the performance of a regular chip. Three main performance metrics were evaluated: capture efficiency, capture reproducibility, and clinical efficacy. Use of the plasmonic chip to capture SK-BR-3 cells in PBS, resulted in a capture efficiency of 82%, compared to 76% with a regular chip. Both chips showed excellent capture reproducibility for all three cells lines evaluated (MCF-7, SK-BR-3, Colo 205) in both PBS and peripheral blood, with R2 values ranging from 0.983 to 0.996. Finally, performance of the plasmonic chip was evaluated on thirteen peripheral blood samples in patients with both breast and prostate cancer. The regular chip detected 2-8 cells per 5 mL of blood, while the plasmonic chip detected 8-85 cells per 5 mL of blood in parallel samples. In summary, we successfully demonstrate improved CTC capture and detection capabilities through use of plasmonic-enhanced near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence screening in both in vitro and ex vivo experiments. This work not only has the potential to improve clinical outcomes though improved CTC analysis, but also demonstrates successful interface design between plasmonic materials and cell capture for bioanalytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Song
- Ningbo M&J Medical Technologies Co. Ltd, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Alison Burklund
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Biao Le
- Ningbo M&J Medical Technologies Co. Ltd, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Xi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center, Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center, Taipei Medical University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kun Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Shen
- Ningbo M&J Medical Technologies Co. Ltd, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.,NanoLite Systems, Austin, TX, USA
| | - John X J Zhang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, 14 Engineering Drive, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA. .,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA.
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628
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Havunen R, Santos JM, Sorsa S, Rantapero T, Lumen D, Siurala M, Airaksinen AJ, Cervera-Carrascon V, Tähtinen S, Kanerva A, Hemminki A. Abscopal Effect in Non-injected Tumors Achieved with Cytokine-Armed Oncolytic Adenovirus. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2018; 11:109-121. [PMID: 30569015 PMCID: PMC6288321 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer treatment with local administration of armed oncolytic viruses could potentially induce systemic antitumor effects, or the abscopal effect, as they self-amplify in tumors, induce danger signaling, and promote tumor-associated antigen presentation. In this study, oncolytic adenovirus coding for human tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) Ad5/3-E2F-d24-hTNF-α-IRES-hIL-2 (also known as [a.k.a.] TILT-123) provoked antitumor efficacy in tumors that were injected with Ad5/3-E2F-d24-hTNF-α-IRES-hIL-2 and those that were left non-injected in the same animal. Importantly, the virus was able to travel to distant tumors. To dissect the effects of oncolysis and cytokines, we studied replication-incompetent viruses in mice. Systemic antitumor effects were similar in both models, highlighting the importance of the arming device. The cytokines induced positive changes in immune cell infiltrates and induced the expression of several immune-reaction-related genes in tumors. In addition, Ad5/3-E2F-d24-hTNF-α-IRES-hIL-2 was able to increase homing of adoptively transferred tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes into both injected and non-injected tumors, possibly mediated through chemokine expression. In summary, local treatment with Ad5/3-E2F-d24-hTNF-α-IRES-hIL-2 resulted in systemic antitumor efficacy by inducing immune cell infiltration and trafficking into both treated and untreated tumors. Moreover, the oncolytic adenovirus platform had superior systemic effects over replication-deficient vector through spreading into distant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Havunen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - João M Santos
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - Suvi Sorsa
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Dave Lumen
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mikko Siurala
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu J Airaksinen
- Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Victor Cervera-Carrascon
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland
| | - Siri Tähtinen
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anna Kanerva
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Akseli Hemminki
- Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,TILT Biotherapeutics Ltd., Helsinki, Finland.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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629
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Wu Q, Chen D, Luo Q, Yang Q, Zhao C, Zhang D, Zeng Y, Huang L, Zhang Z, Qi Z. Extracellular matrix protein 1 recruits moesin to facilitate invadopodia formation and breast cancer metastasis. Cancer Lett 2018; 437:44-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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630
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Du W, Brekken RA. Does Axl have potential as a therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018; 22:955-966. [PMID: 30244621 PMCID: PMC6292430 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1527315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Metastasis, therapy resistance, and immunosuppression are dominant characteristics of pancreatic tumors. Strategies that enhance the efficacy of standard of care and/or immune therapy are likely the most efficient route to improve overall survival in this disease. Areas covered: Axl, a member of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl, MerTK) family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is involved in cell plasticity, chemoresistance, immune suppression, and metastasis in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. This review provides an overview of Axl and its function in normal conditions, summarizes the regulation and function of Axl in cancer, and highlights the contribution of Axl to pancreatic cancer as well as its potential as a therapeutic target. Expert opinion: Axl is an attractive therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer because it contributes to many of the roadblocks that hamper therapeutic efficacy. Clinical evidence supporting Axl inhibition in pancreatic cancer is currently limited; however, multiple clinical trials have been initiated or are in the planning phase to test the effect of inhibiting Axl in conjunction with standard therapy in pancreatic cancer patients. We anticipate that these studies will provide robust validation of Axl as a therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.
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631
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ARA lncRNA, is upregulated in liver and breast tumor tissues. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 46:77-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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632
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Hajiasgharzadeh K, Somi MH, Shanehbandi D, Mokhtarzadeh A, Baradaran B. Small interfering RNA-mediated gene suppression as a therapeutic intervention in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3263-3276. [PMID: 30362510 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the lethal and difficult-to-cure cancers worldwide. Owing to the late diagnosis and drug resistance of malignant hepatocytes, treatment of this cancer by conventional chemotherapy agents is challenging, and researchers are seeking new alternative treatment options to overcome therapy resistance in this neoplasm. RNA interference (RNAi) is a potent and specific approach in targeting gene expression and has emerged as a novel therapeutic tool for many diseases, including cancers. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a type of RNAi that is produced intracellularly from exogenous synthetic oligonucleotides and can selectively knock down target gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. Various factors play roles in the initiation and progression of HCC and provide multiple candidate targets for siRNA intervention. In addition, due to the liver's unique architecture and availability of some hepatic siRNA delivery methods, this organ has received much more attention as a target tissue for such oligonucleotide action. Recent advances in designing nanoparticle systems for the in vivo delivery of siRNAs have markedly enhanced the potency of siRNA-mediated gene silencing under clinical development for HCC therapy. The utility of siRNAs as anti-HCC agents is the subject of the current review. siRNA-based gene therapies could be one of the main feasible approaches for HCC therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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633
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Unique pattern of neutrophil migration and function during tumor progression. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:1236-1247. [PMID: 30323345 PMCID: PMC6195445 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although neutrophils have been linked to the formation of the pre-metastatic niche, the mechanism of their migration to distant uninvolved tissues has remained elusive. We report that bone marrow neutrophils from mice with early-stage cancers exhibited much more spontaneous migration to tissues. These cells lacked immunosuppressive activity but had elevated rates of oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, and much more production of ATP. Their enhanced spontaneous migration was mediated by the binding of ATP to purinergic receptors. In ectopic tumor models and the late stages of cancers, bone marrow neutrophils demonstrated potent immunosuppressive activity. However, these cells had metabolic and migratory activity indistinguishable from that of control neutrophils. A similar pattern of migration was observed in neutrophils and polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells from patients with cancer. These results elucidate the dynamic changes that neutrophils undergo in cancer and demonstrate the mechanism of neutrophils’ contribution to early tumor dissemination.
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634
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Gadiya M, Chakraborty G. Signaling by discoidin domain receptor 1 in cancer metastasis. Cell Adh Migr 2018; 12:315-323. [PMID: 30187813 PMCID: PMC6363035 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2018.1520556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen is the most abundant component of tumor extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM collagens are known to directly interact with the tumor cells via cell surface receptor and play crucial role in tumor cell survival and promote tumor progression. Collagen receptor DDR1 is a member of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family with a unique motif in the extracellular domain resembling Dictyostelium discoideum protein discoidin-I. DDR1 displays delayed and sustained activation upon interaction with collagen and recent findings have demonstrated that DDR1-collagen signaling play important role in cancer progression. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the role of DDR1 in cancer metastasis and possibility of a potential therapeutic approach of DDR1 targeted therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Gadiya
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Goutam Chakraborty
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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635
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Seo MK, Cairns J. Do cancer biomarkers make targeted therapies cost-effective? A systematic review in metastatic colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204496. [PMID: 30256829 PMCID: PMC6157891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in targeted therapies have raised expectations that the clinical application of biomarkers would improve patient's health outcomes and potentially save costs. However, the cost-effectiveness of biomarkers remains unclear irrespective of the cost-effectiveness of corresponding therapies. It is thus important to determine whether biomarkers for targeted therapies provide good value for money. This study systematically reviews economic evaluations of biomarkers for targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and assesses the cost-effectiveness of predictive biomarkers in mCRC. METHODS A literature search was performed using Medline, Embase, EconLit, NHSEED. Papers published from 2000 until June 2018 were searched. All economic evaluations assessing biomarker-guided therapies with companion diagnostics in mCRC were searched. To make studies more comparable, cost-effectiveness results were synthesized as per biomarker tests and corresponding therapies. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES) instrument. RESULTS Forty-six studies were included in this review. Of these, 17 studies evaluated the intrinsic value of cancer biomarkers, whereas the remaining studies focused on assessing the cost-effectiveness of corresponding drugs. Most studies indicated favourable cost-effectiveness of biomarkers for targeted therapies in mCRC. Some studies reported that biomarkers were cost-effective, while their corresponding therapies were not cost-effective. A considerable number of economic evaluations were conducted in pre-defined genetic populations and thus, often failed to fully capture the biomarker's clinical and economic values. The average QHES score was 73.6. CONCLUSION Cancer biomarkers for targeted therapies in mCRC were mostly found to be cost-effective; otherwise, they at least improved the cost-effectiveness of targeted therapies by saving some costs. However, this did not necessarily make their corresponding therapies cost-effective. While companion biomarkers reduced therapy costs, the savings were not sufficient to make the corresponding agents cost-effective. Evaluation of biomarkers was often restricted to the cost of tests and did not consider their clinical values or biomarker prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyung Kelly Seo
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - John Cairns
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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636
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Navarro FC, Herrnreiter C, Nowak L, Watkins SK. Estrogen Regulation of T-Cell Function and Its Impact on the Tumor Microenvironment. GENDER AND THE GENOME 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2470289718801379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies demonstrate significant gender-specific differences in immune system function. Males are more prone to infection and malignancies, while females are more vulnerable to autoimmune diseases. These differences are thought to be due to the action of gonadal hormones: Estrogen increases the inflammatory response and testosterone dampens it. More specifically, estrogen stimulation induces inflammatory cytokine production including interferon γ, interleukin (IL) 6, and tumor necrosis factor α, while testosterone induces IL-10, IL-4, and transforming growth factor β. More recent studies demonstrate threshold effects of estrogen stimulation on immune cell function: physiologic doses of estrogen (approximately 0.5 nmol/L) stimulate inflammatory cytokine production, but superphysiologic dosages (above 50 nmol/L) can result in decreased inflammatory cytokine production. This review reports findings concerning the impact of estrogen on CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and the overall immune response in the tumor microenvironment. Variables examined include dosage of hormone, the diversity of immune cells involved, and the nature of the immune response in cancer. Collective review of these points may assist in future hypotheses and studies to determine sex-specific differences in immune responses that may be used as targets in disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flor C. Navarro
- Department of Surgery, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Track, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Caroline Herrnreiter
- Department of Surgery, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Track, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Lauren Nowak
- Department of Surgery, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Track, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Stephanie K. Watkins
- Department of Surgery, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Microbiology and Immunology, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Track, Oncology Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
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637
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Kalinkova L, Zmetakova I, Smolkova B, Minarik G, Sedlackova T, Horvathova Kajabova V, Cierna Z, Mego M, Fridrichova I. Decreased methylation in the SNAI2 and ADAM23 genes associated with de-differentiation and haematogenous dissemination in breast cancers. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:875. [PMID: 30189837 PMCID: PMC6127923 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4783-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In breast cancer (BC), deregulation of DNA methylation leads to aberrant expressions and functions of key regulatory genes. In our study, we investigated the relationship between the methylation profiles of genes associated with cancer invasivity and clinico-pathological parameters. In detail, we studied differences in the methylation levels between BC patients with haematogenous and lymphogenous cancer dissemination. METHODS We analysed samples of primary tumours (PTs), lymph node metastases (LNMs) and peripheral blood cells (PBCs) from 59 patients with sporadic disseminated BC. Evaluation of the DNA methylation levels of six genes related to invasivity, ADAM23, uPA, CXCL12, TWIST1, SNAI1 and SNAI2, was performed by pyrosequencing. RESULTS Among the cancer-specific methylated genes, we found lower methylation levels of the SNAI2 gene in histologic grade 3 tumours (OR = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39-0.97; P = 0.038) than in fully or moderately differentiated cancers. We also evaluated the methylation profiles in patients with different cancer cell dissemination statuses (positivity for circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and/or LNMs). We detected the significant association between reduced DNA methylation of ADAM23 in PTs and presence of CTCs in the peripheral blood of patients (OR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.23-0.90; P = 0.023). CONCLUSION The relationships between the decreased methylation levels of the SNAI2 and ADAM23 genes and cancer de-differentiation and haematogenous dissemination, respectively, indicate novel functions of those genes in the invasive processes. After experimental validation of the association between the lower values of SNAI2 and ADAM23 methylation and clinical features of aggressive BCs, these methylation profiles could improve the management of metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Kalinkova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Iveta Zmetakova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Gabriel Minarik
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Tatiana Sedlackova
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Viera Horvathova Kajabova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Zuzana Cierna
- Institute of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Mego
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 83310, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ivana Fridrichova
- Department of Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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638
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Reyes CC, Anderson KO, Gonzalez CE, Ochs HC, Wattana M, Acharya G, Todd KH. Depression and survival outcomes after emergency department cancer pain visits. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2018; 9:e36. [PMID: 30171043 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pain and depression frequently co-occur in patients with cancer. Although pain is a common reason for emergency department (ED) presentation by these patients, depression frequently goes unrecognised during an ED visit. In this study, we assessed the risk for depression in patients with cancer presenting to the ED for uncontrolled pain and assessed the extent to which the risk for depression was associated with survival in this population. METHODS Participants were consecutive patients with cancer taking Schedule II opioids (n=209) who presented to the ED of a tertiary cancer centre for uncontrolled pain. Risk for depression was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), excluding the somatic symptoms. Survival was calculated from date of ED visit to date of death/last follow-up. RESULTS The CES-D was completed by 197 of 209 participants (94.3%); of these, 81 of 197 (41.1%) had high risk for depression (CES-D ≥10). The mean survival time for the entire sample was 318 days (SD=33), with 84 deaths. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling showed that risk for depression and disease stage (CES-D ≥10: HR=1.75, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.78, p=0.016; disease stage: HR=2.52, 95% CI 1.20 to 5.30, p<0.001) were significant factors for survival. CONCLUSIONS Risk for depression was prevalent and associated with survival outcomes in patients with cancer presenting to the ED with uncontrolled pain. Screening for risk for depression in the ED may identify patients who need referral for clinical assessment of depression. Diagnosis and adequate treatment could improve health outcomes and survival rates for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cielito C Reyes
- Departments of Emergency Medicine and Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Karen O Anderson
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carmen E Gonzalez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Haley Candra Ochs
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Monica Wattana
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gyanendra Acharya
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Knox H Todd
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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639
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Shu SL, Yang Y, Allen CL, Maguire O, Minderman H, Sen A, Ciesielski MJ, Collins KA, Bush PJ, Singh P, Wang X, Morgan M, Qu J, Bankert RB, Whiteside TL, Wu Y, Ernstoff MS. Metabolic reprogramming of stromal fibroblasts by melanoma exosome microRNA favours a pre-metastatic microenvironment. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12905. [PMID: 30150674 PMCID: PMC6110845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Local acidification of stroma is proposed to favour pre-metastatic niche formation but the mechanism of initiation is unclear. We investigated whether Human Melanoma-derived exosomes (HMEX) could reprogram human adult dermal fibroblasts (HADF) and cause extracellular acidification. HMEX were isolated from supernatants of six melanoma cell lines (3 BRAF V600E mutant cell lines and 3 BRAF wild-type cell lines) using ultracentrifugation or Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC). Rapid uptake of exosomes by HADF was demonstrated following 18 hours co-incubation. Exposure of HDAF to HMEX leads to an increase in aerobic glycolysis and decrease in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in HADF, consequently increasing extracellular acidification. Using a novel immuno-biochip, exosomal miR-155 and miR-210 were detected in HMEX. These miRNAs were present in HMEX from all six melanoma cell lines and were instrumental in promoting glycolysis and inhibiting OXPHOS in tumour cells. Inhibition of miR-155 and miR-210 activity by transfection of miRNA inhibitors into HMEX reversed the exosome-induced metabolic reprogramming of HADF. The data indicate that melanoma-derived exosomes modulate stromal cell metabolism and may contribute to the creation of a pre-metastatic niche that promotes the development of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin La Shu
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Yunchen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Cheryl L Allen
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Orla Maguire
- Flow and Image Cytometry Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hans Minderman
- Flow and Image Cytometry Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Arindam Sen
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Michael J Ciesielski
- Department of Neurosurgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Katherine A Collins
- Immune Analysis Facility, Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Peter J Bush
- South Campus Instrumentation Center, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Prashant Singh
- Genomics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- New York Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Martin Morgan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jun Qu
- Genomics Shared Resource, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Richard B Bankert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Theresa L Whiteside
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Marc S Ernstoff
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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640
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Mousa SA, Glinsky GV, Lin HY, Ashur-Fabian O, Hercbergs A, Keating KA, Davis PJ. Contributions of Thyroid Hormone to Cancer Metastasis. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6030089. [PMID: 30135398 PMCID: PMC6165185 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acting at a cell surface receptor on the extracellular domain of integrin αvβ3, thyroid hormone analogues regulate downstream the expression of a large panel of genes relevant to cancer cell proliferation, to cancer cell survival pathways, and to tumor-linked angiogenesis. Because αvβ3 is involved in the cancer cell metastatic process, we examine here the possibility that thyroid hormone as l-thyroxine (T4) and the thyroid hormone antagonist, tetraiodothyroacetic acid (tetrac), may respectively promote and inhibit metastasis. Actions of T4 and tetrac that are relevant to cancer metastasis include the multitude of synergistic effects on molecular levels such as expression of matrix metalloproteinase genes, angiogenesis support genes, receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR/ERBB2) genes, specific microRNAs, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process; and on the cellular level are exemplified by effects on macrophages. We conclude that the thyroid hormone-αvβ3 interaction is mechanistically linked to cancer metastasis and that modified tetrac molecules have antimetastatic activity with feasible therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
| | - Gennadi V Glinsky
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
- PhD Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031 Taiwan.
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center of Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Osnat Ashur-Fabian
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Aleck Hercbergs
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Kelly A Keating
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
| | - Paul J Davis
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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641
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Naderi-Meshkin H, Ahmadiankia N. Cancer metastasis versus stem cell homing: Role of platelets. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9167-9178. [PMID: 30105746 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One of the major obstacles in achieving a successful stem cell therapy is insufficient homing of transplanted cells. To overcome this obstacle, understanding the underlying mechanisms of stem cell homing is of obvious importance. Central to this review is the concept that cancer metastasis can be viewed as a role model to build up a comprehensive concept of stem cell homing. In this novel perspective, the prosurvival choices of the cancerous cells in the bloodstream, their arrest, extravasation, and proliferation at the secondary site can be exploited in favor of targeted stem cell homing. To date, tumor cells have been found to employ a wide variety of strategies to promote metastasis. One of these strategies is through their ability to activate platelets and subsequently activated platelets serve cancer cell survival and metastasis. Accordingly, in the first part of this review the roles of platelets in cancer metastasis as well as stem cell homing are discussed. Next, we provide some lessons learned from cancer metastasis in favor of developing strategies for improvement of stem cell homing with emphasis on the role of platelets. Based on direct or indirect evidence from metastasis, strategies such as manipulation of stem cells to enhance interaction with platelets, preconditioning-pretreatment of stem cells with platelets in vitro, and coinjection of both stem cells and platelets are proposed to improve stem cell homing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Naghmeh Ahmadiankia
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.,Cancer Prevention Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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642
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Vasconcelos ZS, Ralph ACL, Calcagno DQ, dos Santos Barbosa G, do Nascimento Pedrosa T, Antony LP, de Arruda Cardoso Smith M, de Lucas Chazin E, Vasconcelos TRA, Montenegro RC, de Vasconcellos MC. Anticancer potential of benzothiazolic derivative (E)-2-((2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)-4-nitrophenol against melanoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 50:225-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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643
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Han SW, Kim YY, Kang WJ, Kim HC, Ku SY, Kang BC, Yun JW. The Use of Normal Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells for Potential Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Strategy. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 15:365-380. [PMID: 30603561 PMCID: PMC6171655 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-0128-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent advance in conventional cancer therapies including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy to reduce tumor size, unfortunately cancer mortality and metastatic cancer incidence remain high. Along with a deeper understanding of stem cell biology, cancer stem cell (CSC) is important in targeted cancer therapy. Herein, we review representative patents using not only normal stem cells as therapeutics themselves or delivery vehicles, but also CSCs as targets for anti-cancer strategy. METHODS Relevant patent literatures published between 2005 and 2017 are discussed to present developmental status and experimental results on using normal stem cells and CSCs for cancer therapy and explore potential future directions in this field. RESULTS Stem cells have been considered as important element of regenerative therapy by promoting tissue regeneration. Particularly, there is a growing trend to use stem cells as a target drug-delivery system to reduce undesirable side effects in non-target tissues. Noteworthy, studies on CSC-specific markers for distinguishing CSCs from normal stem cells and mature cancer cells have been conducted as a selective anti-cancer therapy with few side effects. Many researchers have also reported the development of various substances with anticancer effects by targeting CSCs from cancer tissues. CONCLUSION There has been a continuing increase in the number of studies on therapeutic stem cells and CSC-specific markers for selective diagnosis and therapy of cancer. This review focuses on the current status in the use of normal stem cells and CSCs for targeted cancer therapy. Future direction is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woo Han
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibongro, Bucheon, 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Young Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Ju Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibongro, Bucheon, 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Chin Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28116 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yup Ku
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Cheol Kang
- Department of Experimental Animal Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Center for Animal Resource and Development, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Translational Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
- Designed Animal and Transplantation Research Institute, Institute of GreenBio Science Technology, Seoul National University, 1447 Pyeongchang-daero, Daehwa-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do 25354 Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Yun
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibongro, Bucheon, 14662 Republic of Korea
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644
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Chen G, Wang Y, Wu P, Zhou Y, Yu F, Zhu C, Li Z, Hang Y, Wang K, Li J, Sun M, Oupicky D. Reversibly Stabilized Polycation Nanoparticles for Combination Treatment of Early- and Late-Stage Metastatic Breast Cancer. ACS NANO 2018; 12:6620-6636. [PMID: 29985577 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b01482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer is a major cause of cancer-related female mortality worldwide. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the chemokine receptor CXCR4 are involved in the metastatic spread of breast cancer. The goal of this study was to develop nanomedicine treatment based on combined inhibition of STAT3 and CXCR4. We synthesized a library of CXCR4-inhibiting polymers with a combination of beneficial features that included PEGylation, fluorination, and bioreducibility to achieve systemic delivery of siRNA to silence STAT3 expression in the tumors. An in vivo structure-activity relationship study in an experimental lung metastasis model revealed superior antimetastatic activity of bioreducible fluorinated polyplexes when compared with nonreducible controls despite similar CXCR4 antagonism and the ability to inhibit in vitro cancer cell invasion. When compared with nonreducible and nonfluorinated polyplexes, improved siRNA delivery was observed with the bioreducible fluorinated polyplexes. The improvement was ascribed to a combination of enhanced physical stability, decreased serum destabilization, and improved intracellular trafficking. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that fluorination decreased the rate of renal clearance of the polyplexes and contributed to enhanced accumulation in the tumors. Therapeutic efficacy of the polyplexes with STAT3 siRNA was assessed in early stage breast cancer and late-stage metastatic breast cancer with primary tumor resection. Strong inhibition of the primary tumor growth and pronounced antimetastatic effects were observed in both models of metastatic breast cancer. Mechanistic studies revealed multifaceted mechanism of action of the combined STAT3 and CXCR4 inhibition by the developed polyplexes relying both on local and systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Pengkai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yiwen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Fei Yu
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198 , United States
| | - Chenfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Zhaoting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yu Hang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198 , United States
| | - Kaikai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198 , United States
| | - Minjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - David Oupicky
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing 210009 , China
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska 68198 , United States
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645
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Cantharidin suppresses HCT116 colorectal carcinoma cell proliferation and migration by changing the cytoskeleton structure. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
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646
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Heureaux-Torres J, Luker KE, Haley H, Pirone M, Lee LM, Herrera Y, Luker GD, Liu AP. The effect of mechanosensitive channel MscL expression in cancer cells on 3D confined migration. APL Bioeng 2018; 2:032001. [PMID: 31069318 PMCID: PMC6324216 DOI: 10.1063/1.5019770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cancer cells migrate through constricted spaces and experience significant compressive stress, but mechanisms enabling migration in confined geometries remain unclear. Cancer cell migration within confined 3-dimensional (3D) microfluidic channels has been shown to be distinct from 2D cell migration. However, whether 3D confined migration can be manipulated by mechanosensory components has not been examined in detail. In this work, we exogenously introduced a mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) into metastatic breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. We discovered that inducing expression of a gain-of-function G22S mutant of MscL in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly reduced spontaneous lung metastasis without affecting the growth of orthotopic tumor implants. To further investigate the effects of G22S MscL on cell migration, we designed a microfluidic device with channels of various cross-sections ranging from a 2D planar environment to narrow 3D constrictions. Both MscL G22S and control breast cancer cells migrated progressively slower in more constricted environments. Migration of cells expressing MscL G22S did not differ from control cells, even though MscL was activated in cells in constricted channels of 3 μm width. Interestingly, we found MscL expressing cells to be more frequently “stuck” at the entrance of the 3 μm channels and failed to migrate into the microchannel. Our work demonstrates the possibility of engineering mechanotransduction for controlling confined cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Heureaux-Torres
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Kathryn E Luker
- Department of Radiology, Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Henry Haley
- Department of Radiology, Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Matthew Pirone
- Department of Radiology, Center for Molecular Imaging, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Lap Man Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Yoani Herrera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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647
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Butti R, Kumar TV, Nimma R, Kundu GC. Impact of semaphorin expression on prognostic characteristics in breast cancer. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2018; 10:79-88. [PMID: 29910635 PMCID: PMC5987790 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s135753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Aberrant regulation of various growth factors, cytokines, and other proteins and their receptors in cancer cells drives the activation of various oncogenic signaling pathways that lead to cancer progression. Semaphorins are a class of proteins which are differentially expressed in various types of cancer including breast cancer. Earlier, these proteins were known to have a major function in the nerve cell adhesion, migration, and development of the central nervous system. However, their role in the regulation of several aspects of tumor progression has eventually emerged. There are over 30 genes encoding the semaphorins, which are divided into eight subclasses. It has been reported that some members of semaphorin classes are antiangiogenic and antimetastatic in nature, whereas others act as proangiogenic and prometastatic genes. Because of their differential expression and role in angiogenesis and metastasis, semaphorins emerged as one of the important prognostic factors for appraising breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Butti
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Totakura Vs Kumar
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Ramakrishna Nimma
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Gopal C Kundu
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Angiogenesis and Nanomedicine Research, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
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648
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Chen J, Weihs D, Van Dijk M, Vermolen FJ. A phenomenological model for cell and nucleus deformation during cancer metastasis. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2018; 17:1429-1450. [PMID: 29845458 PMCID: PMC6154301 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-018-1036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration plays an essential role in cancer metastasis. In cancer invasion through confined spaces, cells must undergo extensive deformation, which is a capability related to their metastatic potentials. Here, we simulate the deformation of the cell and nucleus during invasion through a dense, physiological microenvironment by developing a phenomenological computational model. In our work, cells are attracted by a generic emitting source (e.g., a chemokine or stiffness signal), which is treated by using Green’s Fundamental solutions. We use an IMEX integration method where the linear parts and the nonlinear parts are treated by using an Euler backward scheme and an Euler forward method, respectively. We develop the numerical model for an obstacle-induced deformation in 2D or/and 3D. Considering the uncertainty in cell mobility, stochastic processes are incorporated and uncertainties in the input variables are evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations. This quantitative study aims at estimating the likelihood for invasion and the length of the time interval in which the cell invades the tissue through an obstacle. Subsequently, the two-dimensional cell deformation model is applied to simplified cancer metastasis processes to serve as a model for in vivo or in vitro biomedical experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Chen
- Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Daphne Weihs
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 3200003, Haifa, Israel
| | - Marcel Van Dijk
- Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Fred J Vermolen
- Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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649
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Villagomez FR, Medina-Contreras O, Cerna-Cortes JF, Patino-Lopez G. The role of the oncogenic Rab35 in cancer invasion, metastasis, and immune evasion, especially in leukemia. Small GTPases 2018; 11:334-345. [PMID: 29781368 PMCID: PMC7549652 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2018.1463895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of cancer has allowed researchers to describe some biological characteristics that tumor cells acquire during their development, known as the “hallmarks of cancer” but more research is needed to expand our knowledge about cancer biology and to generate new strategies of treatment. The role that RabGTPases might play in some hallmarks of cancer represents interesting areas of study since these proteins are frequently altered in cancer. However, their participation is not well known. Recently, Rab35was recognized as an oncogenic RabGTPase and and because of its association with different cellular functions, distinctly important in immune cells, a possible role of Rab35 in leukemia can be suggested. Nevertheless, the involvement of Rab35 in cancer remains poorly understood and its possible specific role in leukemia remains unknown. In this review, we analyze general aspects of the participation of RabGTPases in cancer, and especially, the plausible role of Rab35 in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian R Villagomez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez , Ciudad de México, México.,Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Oscar Medina-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Jorge Francisco Cerna-Cortes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas , Ciudad de México, México
| | - Genaro Patino-Lopez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Inmunología y Proteómica, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez , Ciudad de México, México
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Castro-Giner F, Gkountela S, Donato C, Alborelli I, Quagliata L, Ng CKY, Piscuoglio S, Aceto N. Cancer Diagnosis Using a Liquid Biopsy: Challenges and Expectations. Diagnostics (Basel) 2018; 8:diagnostics8020031. [PMID: 29747380 PMCID: PMC6023445 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics8020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of cancer diagnostics has recently been impacted by new and exciting developments in the area of liquid biopsy. A liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive alternative to surgical biopsies of solid tissues, typically achieved through the withdrawal of a blood sample or other body fluids, allowing the interrogation of tumor-derived material including circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) fragments that are present at a given time point. In this short review, we discuss a few studies that summarize the state-of-the-art in the liquid biopsy field from a diagnostic perspective, and speculate on current challenges and expectations of implementing liquid biopsy testing for cancer diagnosis and monitoring in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Castro-Giner
- Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Sofia Gkountela
- Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Cinzia Donato
- Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Ilaria Alborelli
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Luca Quagliata
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Charlotte K Y Ng
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
- Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Nicola Aceto
- Cancer Metastasis Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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