651
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Costantini M, Colosi C, Guzowski J, Barbetta A, Jaroszewicz J, Święszkowski W, Dentini M, Garstecki P. Highly ordered and tunable polyHIPEs by using microfluidics. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:2290-2300. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21227k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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652
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Colosi C, Costantini M, Latini R, Ciccarelli S, Stampella A, Barbetta A, Massimi M, Conti Devirgiliis L, Dentini M. Rapid prototyping of chitosan-coated alginate scaffolds through the use of a 3D fiber deposition technique. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:6779-6791. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00732h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A novel dispensing system based on two coaxial needles is used to fabricate three dimensional, periodic scaffolds by rapid prototyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Colosi
- Department of Chemistry
- Sapienza University of Rome
- 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Costantini
- Department of Chemistry
- Sapienza University of Rome
- 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Latini
- Department of Chemistry
- Sapienza University of Rome
- 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Stampella
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin
- Sapienza University of Rome
- 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Barbetta
- Department of Chemistry
- Sapienza University of Rome
- 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Massimi
- Department of Life
- Health and Environmental Sciences
- University of L'Aquila
- 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Conti Devirgiliis
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology C. Darwin
- Sapienza University of Rome
- 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariella Dentini
- Department of Chemistry
- Sapienza University of Rome
- 00185 Rome, Italy
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653
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Additive manufacturing of photosensitive hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/bnm-2014-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHydrogels are extensively explored as scaffolding materials for 2D/3D cell culture and tissue engineering. Owing to the substantial complexity of tissues, it is increasingly important to develop 3D biomimetic hydrogels with user-defined architectures and controllable biological functions. To this end, one promising approach is to utilize photolithography-based additive manufacturing technologies (AMTs) in combination with photosensitive hydrogels. We here review recent advances in photolithography-based additive manufacturing of 3D hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. Given the importance of materials selection, we firstly give an overview of water-soluble photoinitiators for single- and two-photon polymerization, photopolymerizable hydrogel precursors and light-triggered chemistries for hydrogel formation. Through the text we discuss the design considerations of hydrogel precursors and synthetic approaches to polymerizable hydrogel precursors of synthetic and natural origins. Next, we shift to how photopolymerizable hydrogels could integrate with photolithography-based AMTs for creating well-defined hydrogel structures. We illustrate the working-principles of both single- and two-photon lithography and case studies of their applications in tissue engineering. In particular, two-photon lithography is highlighted as a powerful tool for 3D functionalization/construction of hydrogel constructs with μm-scale resolution. Within the text we also explain the chemical reactions involved in two-photon-induced biofunctionalization and polymerization. In the end, we summarize the limitations of available hydrogel systems and photolithography-based AMTs as well as a future outlook on potential optimizations.
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654
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Bakarich SE, Balding P, Gorkin III R, Spinks GM, in het Panhuis M. Printed ionic-covalent entanglement hydrogels from carrageenan and an epoxy amine. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07109c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionic-covalent entanglement hydrogels were fabricated by 3D-printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E. Bakarich
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science
- AIIM Facility
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong, Australia
| | - Paul Balding
- Soft Materials Group
- School of Chemistry
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong, Australia
| | - Robert Gorkin III
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science
- AIIM Facility
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong, Australia
| | - Geoffrey M. Spinks
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science
- AIIM Facility
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong, Australia
| | - Marc in het Panhuis
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science
- AIIM Facility
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong, Australia
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655
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Southan A, Hoch E, Schönhaar V, Borchers K, Schuh C, Müller M, Bach M, Tovar GEM. Side chain thiol-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) by post-polymerization modification of hydroxyl groups: synthesis, crosslinking and inkjet printing. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00099d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Thiol functionalized PEG-based polymers were synthesized by post polymerization reactions of hydroxyl functionalized polymers. Applications of the polymers in cell culture and inkjet printing were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Southan
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology IGVP
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eva Hoch
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology IGVP
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Veronika Schönhaar
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kirsten Borchers
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Schuh
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michaela Müller
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Monika Bach
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology IGVP
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Günter E. M. Tovar
- Institute of Interfacial Process Engineering and Plasma Technology IGVP
- University of Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB
- 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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656
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Billiet T, Gevaert E, De Schryver T, Cornelissen M, Dubruel P. The 3D printing of gelatin methacrylamide cell-laden tissue-engineered constructs with high cell viability. Biomaterials 2014; 35:49-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.09.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 577] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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657
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Detsch R, Sarker B, Zehnder T, Boccaccini AR, Douglas TE. Additive manufacturing of cell-loaded alginate enriched with alkaline phosphatase for bone tissue engineering application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/bnm-2014-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHydrogels are gaining interest as scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration due to ease of incorporation of cells and biological molecules such as enzymes. Mineralization of hydrogels, desirable for bone tissue regeneration applications, may be achieved enzymatically by incorporation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Additive manufacturing techniques such as bioplotting enable the layer-by-layer creation of three-dimensional hydrogel scaffolds with highly defined geometry and internal architecture. In this study, we present a novel method to produce macroporous hydrogel scaffolds in combination with cell-loaded capsule-containing struts by 3D bioplotting. This approach enables loading of the capsules and strut phases with different cells and/or bioactive substances and hence makes compartmentalization within a scaffold possible. 3D porous alginate scaffolds enriched with ALP and MG-63 osteoblast-like cells were produced by bioplotting struts of alginate which were loaded with pre-fabricated alginate capsules. Two combinations were compared, namely ALP in the struts and cells in the capsules and vice-versa. Both combinations were cytocompatible for cells and mineralization of scaffolds could be detected in both cases, according to an OsteoImage staining. ALP had no adverse effect on cytocompatibility and enhanced mitochondrial activity.
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658
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Sugiura S, Cha JM, Yanagawa F, Zorlutuna P, Bae H, Khademhosseini A. Dynamic three-dimensional micropatterned cell co-cultures within photocurable and chemically degradable hydrogels. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013; 10:690-9. [PMID: 24170301 DOI: 10.1002/term.1843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we report on the development of dynamically controlled three-dimensional (3D) micropatterned cellular co-cultures within photocurable and chemically degradable hydrogels. Specifically, we generated dynamic co-cultures of micropatterned murine embryonic stem (mES) cells with human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells within 3D hydrogels. HepG2 cells were used due to their ability to direct the differentiation of mES cells through secreted paracrine factors. To generate dynamic co-cultures, mES cells were first encapsulated within micropatterned photocurable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels. These micropatterned cell-laden PEG hydrogels were subsequently surrounded by calcium alginate (Ca-Alg) hydrogels containing HepG2 cells. After 4 days, the co-culture step was halted by exposing the system to sodium citrate solution, which removed the alginate gels and the encapsulated HepG2 cells. The encapsulated mES cells were then maintained in the resulting cultures for 16 days and cardiac differentiation was analysed. We observed that the mES cells that were exposed to HepG2 cells in the co-cultures generated cells with higher expression of cardiac genes and proteins, as well as increased spontaneous beating. Due to its ability to control the 3D microenvironment of cells in a spatially and temporally regulated manner, the method presented in this study is useful for a range of cell-culture applications related to tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Sugiura
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Research Center for Stem Cell Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jae Min Cha
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT), Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Fumiki Yanagawa
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Pinar Zorlutuna
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Biomedical Engineering Program and Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Hojae Bae
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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659
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An J, Chua CK, Yu T, Li H, Tan LP. Advanced nanobiomaterial strategies for the development of organized tissue engineering constructs. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:591-602. [PMID: 23560410 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanobiomaterials, a field at the interface of biomaterials and nanotechnologies, when applied to tissue engineering applications, are usually perceived to resemble the cell microenvironment components or as a material strategy to instruct cells and alter cell behaviors. Therefore, they provide a clear understanding of the relationship between nanotechnologies and resulting cellular responses. This review will cover recent advances in nanobiomaterial research for applications in tissue engineering. In particular, recent developments in nanofibrous scaffolds, nanobiomaterial composites, hydrogel systems, laser-fabricated nanostructures and cell-based bioprinting methods to produce scaffolds with nanofeatures for tissue engineering are discussed. As in native niches of cells, where nanofeatures are constantly interacting and influencing cellular behavior, new generations of scaffolds will need to have these features to enable more desirable engineered tissues. Moving forward, tissue engineering will also have to address the issues of complexity and organization in tissues and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia An
- Division of Systems & Engineering Management, School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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660
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Malda J, Visser J, Melchels FP, Jüngst T, Hennink WE, Dhert WJA, Groll J, Hutmacher DW. 25th anniversary article: Engineering hydrogels for biofabrication. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:5011-28. [PMID: 24038336 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201302042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1066] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
With advances in tissue engineering, the possibility of regenerating injured tissue or failing organs has become a realistic prospect for the first time in medical history. Tissue engineering - the combination of bioactive materials with cells to generate engineered constructs that functionally replace lost and/or damaged tissue - is a major strategy to achieve this goal. One facet of tissue engineering is biofabrication, where three-dimensional tissue-like structures composed of biomaterials and cells in a single manufacturing procedure are generated. Cell-laden hydrogels are commonly used in biofabrication and are termed "bioinks". Hydrogels are particularly attractive for biofabrication as they recapitulate several features of the natural extracellular matrix and allow cell encapsulation in a highly hydrated mechanically supportive three-dimensional environment. Additionally, they allow for efficient and homogeneous cell seeding, can provide biologically-relevant chemical and physical signals, and can be formed in various shapes and biomechanical characteristics. However, despite the progress made in modifying hydrogels for enhanced bioactivation, cell survival and tissue formation, little attention has so far been paid to optimize hydrogels for the physico-chemical demands of the biofabrication process. The resulting lack of hydrogel bioinks have been identified as one major hurdle for a more rapid progress of the field. In this review we summarize and focus on the deposition process, the parameters and demands of hydrogels in biofabrication, with special attention to robotic dispensing as an approach that generates constructs of clinically relevant dimensions. We aim to highlight this current lack of effectual hydrogels within biofabrication and initiate new ideas and developments in the design and tailoring of hydrogels. The successful development of a "printable" hydrogel that supports cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation will significantly advance this exciting and promising approach for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jos Malda
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508, GA Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of TechnologyKelvin Grove Urban Village, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia; Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 112, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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661
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Meng F, He A, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Lin Z, Yang Z, Long Y, Wu G, Kang Y, Liao W. Chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 and hMSCs could be induced by a novel scaffold-tricalcium phosphate-collagen-hyaluronan without any exogenous growth factors in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:2725-35. [PMID: 24026971 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 08/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Application of chondrogenic growth factors is a routine strategy to induce chondrogenesis of hMSCs, but they have economic and safety problems in the long term. It is expected that scaffold material itself could play an important role in chondrogenesis of hMSCs. In this study we tested whether a novel tricalcium phosphate-collagen-hyaluronan scaffold (TCP-COL-HA) had inherent chondro-inductive capacity for chondrogenesis of both ATDC5 and hMSCs without any exogenous growth factors in vitro. hMSCs and ATDC5 were seeded onto TCP-COL-HA scaffolds and cultured in basal medium for 3 weeks to investigate whether the TCP-COL-HA scaffold itself had differentiation-inductive capacity in basal culture. With hMSCs-seeded scaffold in chondrogenic medium (including TGF-β1) as positive control, we then compared the chondrogenic induction of TCP-COL-HA in basal culture and in chondrogenic culture. The chondrogenic differentiation was evaluated by sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) quantification, type II collagen immunohistochemistry, and RT-PCR. Mechanical strength was evaluated by compression test and the cell death rate of hMSCs was assessed with TUNEL assay. The results showed TCP-COL-HA scaffold itself could efficiently induce chondrogenic differentiation of both ATDC5 and hMSCs after 3 weeks in basal culture. The accumulation of GAGs and the expression of chondrocyte marker genes were all significantly increased. In addition, hMSCs-seeded scaffold showed a significantly higher mechanical strength after 3 weeks in basal culture. The chondrogenic induction of TCP-COL-HA scaffolds in basal medium were almost similar to that in chondrogenic medium on hMSCs. The chondrogenesis-inducing capacity of TCP-COL-HA scaffold might help to improve cartilage tissue engineering with economic and safe benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangang Meng
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
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662
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Li X, Galliher-Beckley A, Huang H, Sun X, Shi J. Peptide nanofiber hydrogel adjuvanted live virus vaccine enhances cross-protective immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Vaccine 2013; 31:4508-15. [PMID: 23933333 PMCID: PMC3806094 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is prevalent in swine farms worldwide and is a major source of economic loss and animal suffering. Rapid genetic variation of PRRSV makes it difficult for current vaccines to confer protection against newly emerging strains. We recently demonstrated that a novel peptide nanofiber hydrogel (H9e) could act as a potent adjuvant for killed H1N1 vaccines. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate H9e as an adjuvant for PRRSV modified live virus (MLV) vaccines. Pigs were vaccinated with Ingelvac PRRSV MLV with or without H9e adjuvant before being challenged with the VR-2332 (parental vaccine strain) or MN184A (genetically diverse strain) PRRSV. Pigs vaccinated with MLV+H9e had higher levels of circulating vaccine virus. More importantly, pigs vaccinated with MLV+H9e had improved protection against challenge by both PRRSV strains, as demonstrated by reduced challenge-induced viremia compared with pigs vaccinated with MLV alone. Pigs vaccinated with MLV+H9e had lower frequency of T-regulatory cells and IL-10 production but higher frequency of Th/memory cells and IFN-γ secretion than that in pigs vaccinated with MLV alone. Taken together, our studies suggest that the peptide nanofiber hydrogel H9e, when combined with the PRRSV MLV vaccine, can enhance vaccine efficacy against two different PRRSV strains by modulating both host humoral and cellular immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Li
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Amy Galliher-Beckley
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Hongzhou Huang
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Xiuzhi Sun
- Department of Grain Science and Industry, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jishu Shi
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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663
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Garnica-Palafox I, Sánchez-Arévalo F, Velasquillo C, García-Carvajal Z, García-López J, Ortega-Sánchez C, Ibarra C, Luna-Bárcenas G, Solís-Arrieta L. Mechanical and structural response of a hybrid hydrogel based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) cross-linked with epichlorohydrin for potential use in tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2013; 25:32-50. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.833441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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664
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Rehman K, Zulfakar MH. Recent advances in gel technologies for topical and transdermal drug delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2013; 40:433-40. [PMID: 23937582 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2013.828219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems are a constant source of interest because of the benefits that they afford in overcoming many drawbacks associated with other modes of drug delivery (i.e. oral, intravenous). Because of the impermeable nature of the skin, designing a suitable drug delivery vehicle that penetrates the skin barrier is challenging. Gels are semisolid formulations, which have an external solvent phase, may be hydrophobic or hydrophilic in nature, and are immobilized within the spaces of a three-dimensional network structure. Gels have a broad range of applications in food, cosmetics, biotechnology, pharmatechnology, etc. Typically, gels can be distinguished according to the nature of the liquid phase, for example, organogels (oleogels) contain an organic solvent, and hydrogels contain water. Recent studies have reported other types of gels for dermal drug application, such as proniosomal gels, emulgels, bigels and aerogels. This review aims to introduce the latest trends in transdermal drug delivery via traditional hydrogels and organogels and to provide insight into the latest gel types (proniosomal gels, emulgels, bigels and aerogels) as well as recent technologies for topical and transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram Rehman
- Centre for Drug Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
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665
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Jamal M, Kadam SS, Xiao R, Jivan F, Onn TM, Fernandes R, Nguyen TD, Gracias DH. Bio-origami hydrogel scaffolds composed of photocrosslinked PEG bilayers. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:1142-50. [PMID: 23386382 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We describe the self-folding of photopatterned poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel bilayers into curved and anatomically relevant micrometer-scale geometries. The PEG bilayers consist of two different molecular weights (MWs) and are photocrosslinked en masse using conventional photolithography. Self-folding is driven by differential swelling of the two PEG bilayers in aqueous solutions. We characterize the self-folding of PEG bilayers of varying composition and develop a finite element model which predicts radii of curvature that are in good agreement with empirical results. Since we envision the utility of bio-origami in tissue engineering, we photoencapsulate insulin secreting β-TC-6 cells within PEG bilayers and subsequently self-fold them into cylindrical hydrogels of different radii. Calcein AM staining and ELISA measurements are used to monitor cell proliferation and insulin production respectively, and the results indicate cell viability and robust insulin production for over eight weeks in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Jamal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 125 Maryland Hall, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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666
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Müller M, Becher J, Schnabelrauch M, Zenobi-Wong M. Printing thermoresponsive reverse molds for the creation of patterned two-component hydrogels for 3D cell culture. J Vis Exp 2013:e50632. [PMID: 23892955 PMCID: PMC3732096 DOI: 10.3791/50632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprinting is an emerging technology that has its origins in the rapid prototyping industry. The different printing processes can be divided into contact bioprinting(1-4) (extrusion, dip pen and soft lithography), contactless bioprinting(5-7) (laser forward transfer, ink-jet deposition) and laser based techniques such as two photon photopolymerization(8). It can be used for many applications such as tissue engineering(9-13), biosensor microfabrication(14-16) and as a tool to answer basic biological questions such as influences of co-culturing of different cell types(17). Unlike common photolithographic or soft-lithographic methods, extrusion bioprinting has the advantage that it does not require a separate mask or stamp. Using CAD software, the design of the structure can quickly be changed and adjusted according to the requirements of the operator. This makes bioprinting more flexible than lithography-based approaches. Here we demonstrate the printing of a sacrificial mold to create a multi-material 3D structure using an array of pillars within a hydrogel as an example. These pillars could represent hollow structures for a vascular network or the tubes within a nerve guide conduit. The material chosen for the sacrificial mold was poloxamer 407, a thermoresponsive polymer with excellent printing properties which is liquid at 4 °C and a solid above its gelation temperature ~20 °C for 24.5% w/v solutions(18). This property allows the poloxamer-based sacrificial mold to be eluted on demand and has advantages over the slow dissolution of a solid material especially for narrow geometries. Poloxamer was printed on microscope glass slides to create the sacrificial mold. Agarose was pipetted into the mold and cooled until gelation. After elution of the poloxamer in ice cold water, the voids in the agarose mold were filled with alginate methacrylate spiked with FITC labeled fibrinogen. The filled voids were then cross-linked with UV and the construct was imaged with an epi-fluorescence microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Müller
- Department of Health Science & Technology, Cartilage Engineering & Regeneration
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667
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Grogan SP, Chung PH, Soman P, Chen P, Lotz MK, Chen S, D’Lima DD. Digital micromirror device projection printing system for meniscus tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:7218-26. [PMID: 23523536 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Meniscus degeneration due to age or injury can lead to osteoarthritis. Although promising, current cell-based approaches show limited success. Here we present three-dimensional methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) scaffolds patterned via projection stereolithography to emulate the circumferential alignment of cells in native meniscus tissue. Cultured human avascular zone meniscus cells from normal meniscus were seeded on the scaffolds. Cell viability was monitored, and new tissue formation was assessed by gene expression analysis and histology after 2weeks in serum-free culture with transforming growth factor β1 (10ngml(-1)). Light, confocal and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe cell-GelMA interactions. Tensile mechanical testing was performed on unseeded, fresh scaffolds and 2-week-old cell-seeded and unseeded scaffolds. 2-week-old cell-GelMA constructs were implanted into surgically created meniscus defects in an explant organ culture model. No cytotoxic effects were observed 3weeks after implantation, and cells grew and aligned to the patterned GelMA strands. Gene expression profiles and histology indicated promotion of a fibrocartilage-like meniscus phenotype, and scaffold integration with repair tissue was observed in the explant model. We show that micropatterned GelMA scaffolds are non-toxic, produce organized cellular alignment, and promote meniscus-like tissue formation. Prefabrication of GelMA scaffolds with architectures mimicking the meniscus collagen bundle organization shows promise for meniscal repair. Furthermore, the technique presented may be scaled up to repair larger defects.
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668
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Zhu J, Zhang Y, Xu N, Wang L, Xiang X, Zhu X. The preparation of PLL–GRGDS modified PTSG copolymer scaffolds and their effects on manufacturing artificial salivary gland. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2013; 24:1721-39. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.797726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- a School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science , Changzhou University , Changzhou , 213164 , China
| | - Yueming Zhang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science , Changzhou University , Changzhou , 213164 , China
| | - Nanwei Xu
- c Department of Orthopaedics , Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital , Changzhou , 213003 , China
| | - Liqun Wang
- a School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science , Changzhou University , Changzhou , 213164 , China
| | - Xu Xiang
- b State Key Lab of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing , 100029 , China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- a School of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Life Science , Changzhou University , Changzhou , 213164 , China
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669
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Mu X, Zheng W, Xiao L, Zhang W, Jiang X. Engineering a 3D vascular network in hydrogel for mimicking a nephron. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:1612-1618. [PMID: 23455642 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41342j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Engineering functional vascular networks in vitro is critical for tissue engineering and a variety of applications. There is still a general lack of straightforward approaches for recapitulating specific structures and functions of vasculature. This report describes a microfluidic method that utilizes fibrillogenesis of collagen and a liquid mold to engineer three-dimensional vascular networks in hydrogel. The well-controlled vascular network demonstrates both mechanical stability for perfusing solutions and biocompatibility for cell adhesion and coverage. This technique enables the mimicry of passive diffusion in a nephron one of the main routes transferring soluble organic molecules. This approach could be used for in vitro modelling of mass transfer-involved physiology in vasculature-rich tissues and organs for regeneration and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Mu
- CAS Key Lab for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for NanoScience and Technology, 11 Beiyitiao, ZhongGuanCun, Beijing 100190, PR China
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670
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Fricain JC, Schlaubitz S, Le Visage C, Arnault I, Derkaoui SM, Siadous R, Catros S, Lalande C, Bareille R, Renard M, Fabre T, Cornet S, Durand M, Léonard A, Sahraoui N, Letourneur D, Amédée J. A nano-hydroxyapatite--pullulan/dextran polysaccharide composite macroporous material for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2013; 34:2947-59. [PMID: 23375393 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Research in bone tissue engineering is focused on the development of alternatives to allogenic and autologous bone grafts that can stimulate bone healing. Here, we present scaffolds composed of the natural hydrophilic polysaccharides pullulan and dextran, supplemented or not with nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite particles (nHA). In vitro studies revealed that these matrices induced the formation of multicellular aggregates and expression of early and late bone specific markers with human bone marrow stromal cells in medium deprived of osteoinductive factors. In absence of any seeded cells, heterotopic implantation in mice and goat, revealed that only the composite macroporous scaffold (Matrix + nHA) (i) retained subcutaneously local growth factors, including Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) and VEGF165, (ii) induced the deposition of a biological apatite layer, (iii) favored the formation of a dense mineralized tissue subcutaneously in mice, as well osteoid tissue after intramuscular implantation in goat. The composite scaffold was thereafter implanted in orthotopic preclinical models of critical size defects, in small and large animals, in three different bony sites, i.e. the femoral condyle of rat, a transversal mandibular defect and a tibial osteotomy in goat. The Matrix + nHA induced a highly mineralized tissue in the three models whatever the site of implantation, as well as osteoid tissue and bone tissue regeneration in direct contact to the matrix. We therefore propose this composite matrix as a material for stimulating bone cell differentiation of host mesenchymal stem cells and bone formation for orthopedic and maxillofacial surgical applications.
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671
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Ozbolat IT, Yu Y. Bioprinting toward organ fabrication: challenges and future trends. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2013; 60:691-9. [PMID: 23372076 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2013.2243912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering has been a promising field of research, offering hope for bridging the gap between organ shortage and transplantation needs. However, building three-dimensional (3-D) vascularized organs remains the main technological barrier to be overcome. Organ printing, which is defined as computer-aided additive biofabrication of 3-D cellular tissue constructs, has shed light on advancing this field into a new era. Organ printing takes advantage of rapid prototyping (RP) technology to print cells, biomaterials, and cell-laden biomaterials individually or in tandem, layer by layer, directly creating 3-D tissue-like structures. Here, we overview RP-based bioprinting approaches and discuss the current challenges and trends toward fabricating living organs for transplant in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim T Ozbolat
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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672
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Biomimetic Assemblies by Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation. LASER TECHNOLOGY IN BIOMIMETICS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-41341-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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673
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Bakarich SE, Panhuis MIH, Beirne S, Wallace GG, Spinks GM. Extrusion printing of ionic–covalent entanglement hydrogels with high toughness. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:4939-4946. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21159b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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674
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Kim Y, Kim G. Collagen/alginate scaffolds comprising core (PCL)–shell (collagen/alginate) struts for hard tissue regeneration: fabrication, characterisation, and cellular activities. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3185-3194. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20485e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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675
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Lee K, Jin G, Jang CH, Jung WK, Kim G. Preparation and characterization of multi-layered poly(ε-caprolactone)/chitosan scaffolds fabricated with a combination of melt-plotting/in situ plasma treatment and a coating method for hard tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:5831-5841. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21123a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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676
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Inorganic Polymers: Morphogenic Inorganic Biopolymers for Rapid Prototyping Chain. BIOMEDICAL INORGANIC POLYMERS 2013; 54:235-59. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-41004-8_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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677
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Li Z, Torgersen J, Ajami A, Mühleder S, Qin X, Husinsky W, Holnthoner W, Ovsianikov A, Stampfl J, Liska R. Initiation efficiency and cytotoxicity of novel water-soluble two-photon photoinitiators for direct 3D microfabrication of hydrogels. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42918k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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678
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Ekenseair AK, Kasper FK, Mikos AG. Perspectives on the interface of drug delivery and tissue engineering. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:89-92. [PMID: 23000743 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery of bioactive molecules continues to be an essential component of engineering strategies for tissue defect repair. This article surveys the current challenges associated with trying to regenerate complex tissues utilizing drug delivery and gives perspectives on the development of translational tissue engineering therapies which promote spatiotemporal cell-signaling cascades to maximize the rate and quality of repair.
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679
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Vetrik M, Pradny M, Kobera L, Slouf M, Rabyk M, Pospisilova A, Stepanek P, Hruby M. Biopolymer-based degradable nanofibres from renewable resources produced by freeze-drying. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42647e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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680
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Chung JHY, Naficy S, Yue Z, Kapsa R, Quigley A, Moulton SE, Wallace GG. Bio-ink properties and printability for extrusion printing living cells. Biomater Sci 2013; 1:763-773. [DOI: 10.1039/c3bm00012e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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