8551
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Combined point mutations in codon 12 and 13 of KRAS oncogene in prostate carcinomas. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:1595-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0898-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8552
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Malafaia G, Talvani A. Nutritional Status Driving Infection by Trypanosoma cruzi: Lessons from Experimental Animals. J Trop Med 2011; 2011:981879. [PMID: 21577255 PMCID: PMC3090609 DOI: 10.1155/2011/981879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews the scientific knowledge about protein-energy and micronutrient malnutrition in the context of Chagas disease, especially in experimental models. The search of articles was conducted using the electronic databases of SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), PubMed and MEDLINE published between 1960 and March 2010. It was possible to verify that nutritional deficiencies (protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient malnutrition) exert a direct effect on the infection by T. cruzi. However, little is known about the immunological mechanisms involved in the relationship "nutritional deficiencies and infection by T. cruzi". A hundred years after the discovery of Chagas disease many aspects of this illness still require clarification, including the effects of nutritional deficiencies on immune and pathological mechanisms of T. cruzi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Malafaia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisas e Estudos Ambientais e Biológicos, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano—Campus Urutaí, Rodovia Geraldo Silva Nascimento km 2.5, 75790-000 Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Laboratório de Doença de Chagas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), 35400-000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
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8553
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Ulys A, Samalavicius NE, Cicenas S, Petraitis T, Trakymas M, Sheinin D, Gatijatullin L. Extralobar pulmonary sequestration. Int Med Case Rep J 2011; 4:21-3. [PMID: 23754900 PMCID: PMC3658232 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s15261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevalence of pulmonary sequestration accounts for up to 6.4% of all congenital pulmonary malformations. We report on a 40-year-old woman who underwent excision of an aberrant solid retroperitoneal mass in the left subdiaphragmatic area. The mass was identified to be an extralobar pulmonary sequestration. The diagnosis could be made without surgery by percutaneous tissue biopsy and imaging. We encourage keeping in mind pulmonary sequestration anomaly presenting as an aberrant retroperitoneal mass. The aim of this case report is to increase awareness about the condition and review the criteria for its definitive diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albertas Ulys
- Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University, Santariskiu, Vilnius, Lithuania
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8554
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Kirthi V, Penn H, Hamdulay S, Ranger A, Higgens C. Losing all sense: a case of meningeal carcinomatosis. BMJ Case Rep 2011; 2011:2011/mar16_1/bcr1020103446. [PMID: 22699476 DOI: 10.1136/bcr.10.2010.3446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningeal carcinomatosis (MC) is diffuse infiltration of the meninges by metastatic carcinoma. Though a known complication of solid tumours, it is rarely seen as a presenting feature of such cancers. Here, the authors describe the case of a 64-year-old lady who presented with rapid-onset hearing loss and progressive visual loss, among other cranial nerve palsies. A primary non-small cell lung cancer was later identified by CT, but the diagnosis of MC was only confirmed after cytological analysis of a repeat lumbar puncture. Immunophenotyping of cells from the lung biopsy correlated with cells obtained from cerebrospinal fluid. In view of her rapid clinical deterioration, chemotherapy was not pursued, and the patient was transferred to a hospice 3 weeks after admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varo Kirthi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
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8555
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Kuepfer I, Hhary EP, Allan M, Edielu A, Burri C, Blum JA. Clinical presentation of T.b. rhodesiense sleeping sickness in second stage patients from Tanzania and Uganda. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2011; 5:e968. [PMID: 21407802 PMCID: PMC3046969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A wide spectrum of disease severity has been described for Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) due to Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b. rhodesiense), ranging from chronic disease patterns in southern countries of East Africa to an increase in virulence towards the north. However, only limited data on the clinical presentation of T.b. rhodesiense HAT is available. From 2006-2009 we conducted the first clinical trial program (Impamel III) in T.b. rhodesiense endemic areas of Tanzania and Uganda in accordance with international standards (ICH-GCP). The primary and secondary outcome measures were safety and efficacy of an abridged melarsoprol schedule for treatment of second stage disease. Based on diagnostic findings and clinical examinations at baseline we describe the clinical presentation of T.b. rhodesiense HAT in second stage patients from two distinct geographical settings in East Africa. Methodology/Principal Findings: 138 second stage patients from Tanzania and Uganda were enrolled. Blood samples were collected for diagnosis and molecular identification of the infective trypanosomes, and T.b. rhodesiense infection was confirmed in all trial subjects. Significant differences in diagnostic parameters and clinical signs and symptoms were observed: the median white blood cell (WBC) count in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was significantly higher in Tanzania (134cells/mm3) than in Uganda (20cells/mm3; p<0.0001). Unspecific signs of infection were more commonly seen in Uganda, whereas neurological signs and symptoms specific for HAT dominated the clinical presentation of the disease in Tanzania. Co-infections with malaria and HIV did not influence the clinical presentation nor treatment outcomes in the Tanzanian study population. Conclusions/Significance We describe a different clinical presentation of second stage T.b. rhodesiense HAT in two distinct geographical settings in East Africa. In the ongoing absence of sensitive diagnostic tools and safe drugs to diagnose and treat second stage T.b. rhodesiense HAT an early identification of the disease is essential. A detailed understanding of the clinical presentation of T.b. rhodesiense HAT among health personnel and affected communities is vital, and awareness of regional characteristics, as well as implications of co-infections, can support decision making and differential diagnosis. Sleeping sickness, or Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense is one of the most neglected tropical diseases. It affects mainly rural, poor East African populations and has very high socio-economic impacts. T.b. rhodesiense HAT is an acute disease; patients quickly progress from the first stage, where trypanosomes are detectable in blood and lymph, to the second stage, where parasites penetrate the central nervous system. If left untreated, T.b. rhodesiense HAT is fatal. Disease control is hampered by the absence of sensitive diagnostic tools and safe drugs. Second stage patients can only be treated with melarsoprol, a highly toxic, arsenical drug. It is more difficult to treat patients successfully at advanced stages of the disease, and late onset of treatment should be avoided. Yet, most patients are treated for other conditions prior to HAT diagnosis. Therefore, it is important that health personnel in T.b. rhodesiense endemic regions have a detailed understanding of the clinical presentation of the disease and consider regional characteristics of T.b. rhodesiense HAT for decision making and differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Kuepfer
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
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8556
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Reynolds HY. Bronchoalveolar lavage and other methods to define the human respiratory tract milieu in health and disease. Lung 2011; 189:87-99. [PMID: 21350888 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-011-9284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
During fiber-optic bronchoscopy (FOB), surface sampling of the human respiratory airways and alveolar unit can be done with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), plus selective sites can be brushed for cells and transbronchial biopsies made in adjacent tissue. This permits analysis of the respiratory tract's milieu in healthy normals, in those with disease, and in control subjects. These combined procedures have been an established approach for obtaining specimens for research and for clinical assessment for over four decades. However, now new less invasive sampling methods are emerging. This review emphasizes BAL and the cellular and noncellular components recovered in fluid that have contributed to improving knowledge of how the respiratory tree's innate immunity can protect, and how airway structures can become deranged and manifest disease. After a discussion of training for FOB and procedural issues, a spectrum of respiratory diseases studied with BAL is presented, including airway illness (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), diffuse interstitial lung diseases [idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid interstitial lung disease (ILD), granulomatous ILDs], lung infections, lung malignancy, and upper and lower tract airway problems. Some recent studies with exhaled breath condensate analyses are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Y Reynolds
- Lung Biology and Disease Branch, Division of Lung Diseases, National Heart, Lung & Blood Institute, 6701 Rockledge Drive, Suite 10042, Two Rockledge Center, MSC 7952, Bethesda, MD 20892-7952, USA.
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8557
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A relook at preventive therapy for tuberculosis in children. Indian J Pediatr 2011; 78:205-10. [PMID: 20978873 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-010-0257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Preventive therapy for tuberculosis in children is an important strategy to control pediatric TB in addition to early diagnosis and treatment of infectious cases in the community. In low burden countries, it is an important tool for preventing TB at all ages as the opportunities for re-infection are few. In contrast in high burden countries, preventive therapy though effective in preventing occurrence of disease among infected, can not prevent re-infection--an event of fairly high occurrence in these settings. Children under 5 years of age or immuno-compromised children of any age who have the highest risk of developing infection and disease when exposed are the main focus for preventive therapy in high burden settings. A 6 months therapy with INH continues to be the preferred modality of preventive therapy as efforts are being made to identify a short course preventive therapy using Rifampicin and other drugs.
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8558
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[Pseudo-mesothelioma revealing an apparent primary pleural melanoma]. Presse Med 2011; 40:443-5. [PMID: 21242051 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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8559
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Gnanasan S, Ting KN, Wong KT, Mohd Ali S, Muttalif AR, Anderson C. Convergence of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: time to individualise pharmaceutical care. Int J Clin Pharm 2011; 33:44-52. [PMID: 21365392 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-010-9452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility of providing a pharmacist-led pharmaceutical care service to patients with tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus. SETTING The study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in the northern region of Peninsular Malaysia. Methods Action research methodology was used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Pharmaceutical care issues. RESULTS The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients was 15% (53/352). Out of 53 patients identified, 35 participated in the study. Patients' ages ranged between 29 and 73 years (mean of 52 ± 10 years). The male: female ratio was 1.7:1. Pharmaceutical care issues identified by pharmacists were nonadherence, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, adverse drug reactions and individual patient's medication related problems. Pharmacists were able to intervene and resolve some of the pharmaceutical care issues. CONCLUSION Pharmacists played an important role in integrating the provision of care for tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus by providing individualised pharmaceutical care management. There still remains a need to address logistic barriers that impinged on the ability to conduct the pharmaceutical care service to its full potential.
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8560
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Joseph N, Nagaraj K, Bhat J, Babu R, Kotian S, Ranganatha Y, Hocksan A, Shetty V, Zaki N, Swasthik K, Hamzah N. Treatment outcomes among new smear positive and retreatment cases of tuberculosis in Mangalore, South India - a descriptive study. Australas Med J 2011; 4:162-7. [PMID: 23393507 DOI: 10.4066/amj.2011.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND India has the highest tuberculosis burden in the world. For successful implementation of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP), treatment outcomes and factors which influence them need to be assessed on a regular basis. This study was thus done to find out the sputum conversion rates, treatment outcomes and sociodemographic factors of new smear positive cases (NSP) and retreatment cases of pulmonary tuberculosis of the Mangalore Tuberculosis Unit (TU) registered at the District Tuberculosis Centre (DTC), Mangalore. METHOD This record-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in June 2009. Information pertaining to NSP or Category I patients and retreatment patients or Category II patients between June 2008 to May 2009 (one year period) were recorded. RESULTS Of 286 tuberculosis patients, 74.1% were on Category I treatment. The sputum conversion rate among Category I and II patients was 91.5% and 73% respectively. Category I patients showed a cure rate of 77.4%, a default rate of 7.5% and a failure rate of 15.1%. Category II patients showed a cure rate of 47.3%, default rate of 20.3% and failure rate of 32.4%. The differences in treatment outcomes between the two categories of treatment were found to be statistically significant (X(2) = 23.737, P <0.001). A favourable treatment outcome in Category I was significantly more in patients aged 30 years or less when compared to the rest (X(2) = 15.7, P = 0.004). However, gender and place of residence did not have a significant influence on treatment outcomes among NSP patients. Among retreatment patients, age, gender and place of residence did not have a significant influence on treatment outcomes. CONCLUSION Sputum conversion rates were satisfactory but the treatment outcome rates were poorer in our study area compared to Indian national figures. Among the sociodemographic factors, age was found to significantly influence treatment outcomes in Category I patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Joseph
- Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Manipal University, Mangalore, India
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8561
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Wiwanitkit S, Wiwanitkit V. Isoniazid and alopecia. Lung India 2011; 28:233. [PMID: 21886970 PMCID: PMC3162773 DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.83995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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8562
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Fujita H, Sakamoto N, Ishimatsu Y, Kakugawa T, Hara S, Hara A, Amenomori M, Ishimoto H, Nagata T, Mukae H, Kohno S. Effects of Doxycycline on Production of Growth Factors and Matrix Metalloproteinases in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Respiration 2011; 81:420-30. [DOI: 10.1159/000324080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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8563
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Abstract
Tuberculosis of the parotid gland is a rare condition. We describe a case of tuberculosis of right parotid gland in a 17-year-old male patient. Diagnosis was made by early suspicion and confirmed by demonstration of epitheloid granulomas on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Patient was successfully treated with daily regimen of four drugs (rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol) for first two months followed by two drugs (rifampicin and isoniazid) for last four months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Garg
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chhatrapati Sahuji Maharaj Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, (erstwhile King George's Medical University), India
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8564
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Rastmanesh R. An urgent need to include risk-benefit analysis in clinical trials investigating conjugated linoleic acid supplements in cancer patients. Contemp Clin Trials 2010; 32:69-73. [PMID: 20851779 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Malnutrition and weight loss are common in patients with cancer, both factors could potentially affect the response and tolerance to treatment, decreased quality of life, and thus associate them with poor survival. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is shown to have beneficial health effects in healthy and disease situations including chemoprotective properties in various experimental cancer models. However, the anticarcinogenic property of CLA in animal and tissue culture models could not be confirmed in the Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer and a prospective cohort of Swedish women. Cancer patients are already at increased risk of anorexia and there are evidences that CLA suppresses appetite even in healthy individuals. Risk/benefit analysis of CLA supplementation has never been reported before and it is not clear whether any beneficial anti-tumor effect of CLA prevails over its anti-appetite and/or weight lowering side effect in these patients. I suggest that clinical trials investigating CLA supplements in cancer patients, measure appropriate variables such as food intake, weight, and appetite change to yield preliminary data for future trials. I also suggest that data from previous trials that have administered CLA supplements to cancer patients be re-analyzed retrospectively to attempt to find out any effect from routine nutritional measures such as weight, serum albumin and such as those.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rastmanesh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Arghavene Gharbi, Farahzadi Blvd, Shahrake Gharb, PO Box 19395-4741, Tehran, Iran.
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8565
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Babu AS, Manjula Sukumari Noone, Haneef M, Samuel P. The effects of ‘on-call/out of hours’ physical therapy in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2010; 24:802-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0269215510367558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of an on-call physical therapy programme in the management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Secondary care level, rural hospital. Subjects: Thirty-eight patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Interventions: Regular physical therapy and on-call physical therapy was given to two groups of patients with 19 in each arm. On-call physical therapy included providing respiratory physical therapy as required by the patient out of business hours. Main measures: Peak expiratory flow rate, sustained maximal inspiration, six-minute walk distance and rating of perceived exertion post six-minute walk test. Results: In the group receiving on-call physical therapy, peak expiratory flow rate and six-minute walk test showed a significant difference (52.1 L/min and 98.16 m, respectively) when compared with the control group (211.57 ± 51.12 L/min and 159.47 ± 67.78 L/min; P =0.01 and 387.89 ± 110.1 m and 289.73 ± 103.2 m; P=0.004 respectively). The difference in peak expiratory flow rate (Δ peak expiratory flow rate) was seen to be more in the on-call group (120 L/min) when compared to the control group (50 L/min), P =0.002. Improvements in sustained maximal inspiration and Borg’s rating of perceived exertion after the six-minute walk test were also observed (P>0.05). Conclusion: On-call physical therapy brings about a significant increase in peak expiratory flow rates, six-minute walk distance and sustained maximal inspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammed Haneef
- Department of Internal Medicine, CSI Mission Hospital, Tirur, Kerala
| | - Prasanna Samuel
- Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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8566
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Desalu OO, Oluwafemi JA, Ojo O. Respiratory diseases morbidity and mortality among adults attending a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. J Bras Pneumol 2010; 35:745-52. [PMID: 19750326 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132009000800005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the morbidity and mortality related to respiratory diseases among adults attending a tertiary-care hospital in Nigeria. METHODS We carried out a retrospective study of 183 adult patients (> 15 years of age), diagnosed with respiratory diseases between November of 2006 and October of 2008 at the Federal Medical Centre in Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. RESULTS Of the 183 patients enrolled in the study, 78 (42.6%) were male and 105 (57.4%) were female, the male: female ratio being 1:1.4. Respiratory diseases were predominant in the 25-44 year age bracket (37.2%) and lower socioeconomic class (81.4%). Pulmonary TB was the leading cause of morbidity (in 42.1%), followed by asthma (in 17.5%) and pneumonia (in 15.3%). Lung cancer was uncommon (in only 0.6%). Pulmonary TB was the leading cause of hospitalization for respiratory disease (in 32%). Pulmonary TB, asthma, pneumonia and pleural pathologies were more common in women, whereas COPD was more common in men. The most common comorbidity was HIV infection (in 11.5%). The overall mean length of hospital stay was 14 days. Overall mortality was 8.7%; 50% of the deaths were attributed to pulmonary TB, 25% were attributed to pleural disease, 12.5% were attributed to pneumonia, and 6.25% were attributed to acute exacerbation of COPD. Mortality was higher in women and in the 25-44 year age bracket. CONCLUSIONS Pulmonary TB, asthma and pneumonia were the leading causes of respiratory disease-related morbidity. Pulmonary TB was the leading cause of respiratory disease-related mortality among the adult Nigerians evaluated. Therefore, these conditions should be given higher priority in patient care. In addition, antiretroviral therapy should be readily accessible and affordable to HIV-infected individuals.
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8567
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Parakh R, Gupta K, Yadav A, Grover T, Satwik A, Agarwal S. Endovascular treatment for peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysm. Vascular 2010; 18:37-40. [PMID: 20122359 DOI: 10.2310/6670.2009.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A 42-year-old male presented with recurrent hemoptysis owing to a leaking peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysm. He was treated with selective coil embolization of the right posterior basal segmental artery to achieve hemostasis. This case is reported for its unsuspected presentation and rarity and to highlight the use of catheter coil embolization to achieve endovascular exclusion of the aneurysm from pulmonary circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Parakh
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
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8568
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Chawla R, Madan A, Mehta D, Chawla K. Authors′ reply. Lung India 2010. [DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.71982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8569
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Malolan PA, Acharya V, Unnikrishnan B. Authors' reply. Lung India 2010; 27:262. [PMID: 21139734 PMCID: PMC2988188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Adithya Malolan
- Department of Chest Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India. E-mail:
| | - Vishak Acharya
- Department of Chest Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India.
| | - B. Unnikrishnan
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India.
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8570
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Chawla RK, Madan A, Mehta D, Chawla K. Authors' reply. Lung India 2010; 27:265. [PMID: 21139738 PMCID: PMC2988192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K. Chawla
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders, Jaipur Golden Hospital, New Delhi, India. E-mail:
| | - Arun Madan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders, Jaipur Golden Hospital, New Delhi, India. E-mail:
| | - Dinesh Mehta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders, Jaipur Golden Hospital, New Delhi, India. E-mail:
| | - Kiran Chawla
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Critical Care and Sleep Disorders, Jaipur Golden Hospital, New Delhi, India. E-mail:
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8571
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Author's reply. Lung India 2010; 27:260. [PMID: 21139730 PMCID: PMC2988185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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8572
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Sen M, Ozdemir O, Turan M, Arici S, Yildiz F, Koksal B, Goze F. Epigenetic inactivation of tumor suppressor SFRP2 and point mutation in KRAS proto-oncogene in fistula-associated mucinous type anal adenocarcinoma: report of two cases. Intern Med 2010; 49:1637-40. [PMID: 20686305 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.49.3249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) genes are unmethylated in normal colorectal mucosa tissue but aberrant methylation profiles can be detected in colorectal cancer (CRC), adenomas, and in aberrant crypt foci. The aim of the current study was to clarify whether SFRP2 methylation and K-ras structural mutation in fecal DNA can be found in stool and tumoral tissues of individuals with fistula-associated mucinous type anal adenocarcinomas (MTAA).Two man patients (68 and 56 years old) were treated for anorectal fistula in the surgical department. Patients were evaluated for clinical findings, tumoural tissue samples were examined histopathologically and DNA from fecal and tumoral tissue samples were isolated. K-ras mutation and promoter hypermethylation of SFRP2 gene in tumoral tissues were assessed by methylation-specific PCR based stripAssay hybridisation technique (Me-PCR) and compared to the healthy controls. Fecal and tumoural tissue samples from both patients were found to be fully hypermethylated profiles for SFRP2 gene and combined point mutations were detected in codon 12 and 13 of K-ras proto-oncogene. The current results showed that the combined effects of somatic mutations in K-ras and epigenetic alterations in SFRP2 genes may play an active role in the development of mucinous type anal adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Sen
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Turkey
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8573
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Author's reply. Lung India 2010; 27:263-4. [PMID: 21139736 PMCID: PMC2988190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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8574
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Blasi P, Schoubben A, Giovagnoli S, Rossi C, Ricci M. Fighting tuberculosis: old drugs, new formulations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6:977-93. [PMID: 19678791 DOI: 10.1517/17425240903130577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This review reports the state of the art on innovative drug delivery strategies designed for antitubercular chemotherapeutics. The introduction contains the fundamental biological background concerning tuberculosis and a review of the current antitubercular therapy, and is followed by a critical report of the micrometric and nanometric particulate systems designed and investigated to improve tuberculosis chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Blasi
- University of Perugia, School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Perugia, Italy.
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8575
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Agarwal R, Aggarwal AN, Gupta D, Bal A, Das A. Case report: A rare cause of miliary nodules -- allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Br J Radiol 2009; 82:e151-4. [PMID: 19592397 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/20940804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a complex immune hypersensitivity reaction to the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, which occurs in patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. The common radiological findings include fleeting pulmonary opacities, bronchiectasis and mucoid impaction. Uncommon radiological findings encountered in ABPA include lung masses, perihilar opacities simulating hilar adenopathy and pleural effusions. Herein, we describe a 36-year-old man who presented to the chest clinic with miliary nodules on a chest radiograph and was diagnosed as having ABPA confirmed on both serology and lung biopsy. This is the first report of ABPA presenting as randomly scattered nodules on CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Agarwal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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8576
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Serinken M, Karcioglu O, Evyapan F, Sungurtekin H. Bilateral pneumothorax following acute inhalation injury. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2009; 47:595-7. [PMID: 19586359 DOI: 10.1080/15563650903012333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inhalation injury can be thermal and/or chemical. We report bilateral pneumothorax following acute inhalation injury. CASE REPORT A male worker in an upholstery factory was confined in the tanning machine for 15 min. The device was used to contain sodium sulfate, sulfur dioxide, and sulfuric acid. On admission, he was confused with Glasgow coma scale score as 9. His vital signs were as follows: blood pressure, 80/58 mmHg; pulse rate, 114 bpm; respiratory rate, 30 bpm; temperature, 37.1 degrees C; and oxygen saturation, 48%. He was intubated. Physical examination disclosed extensive subcutaneous emphysema on the neck and pinkish foamy discharge from the mouth. Chest X-ray showed bilateral pneumothoraces and pneumomediastinum that warranted bilateral tube thoracostomy. Bronchoscopy demonstrated web-shaped hyperemic areas on the upper airway mucosa with aphtous lesions in the base. Extensive hemorrhage and edema were evident around epiglottis. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit and mechanically ventilated. He was discharged without any sequelae on day 8. CONCLUSION Exposure to irritant gases such as sulfuric acid and sulfur dioxide can cause severe pulmonary injury leading to pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Serinken
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Pamukkale University Medical School, Denizli, Turkey.
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8577
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Abstract
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an immunologic pulmonary disorder caused by hypersensitivity to Aspergillus fumigatus. Clinically, a patient presents with chronic asthma, recurrent pulmonary infiltrates, and bronchiectasis. The population prevalence of ABPA is not clearly known, but the prevalence in asthma clinics is reported to be around 13%. The disorder needs to be detected before bronchiectasis has developed because the occurrence of bronchiectasis is associated with poorer outcomes. Because many patients with ABPA may be minimally symptomatic or asymptomatic, a high index of suspicion for ABPA should be maintained while managing any patient with bronchial asthma whatever the severity or the level of control. This underscores the need for routine screening of all patients with asthma with an Aspergillus skin test. Finally, there is a need to update and revise the criteria for the diagnosis of ABPA. This review summarizes the advances in the diagnosis and management of ABPA using a systematic search methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Agarwal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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8578
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Chan CC, Ross RJ, Shen D, Ding X, Majumdar Z, Bojanowski CM, Zhou M, Salem N, Bonner R, Tuo J. Ccl2/Cx3cr1-deficient mice: an animal model for age-related macular degeneration. Ophthalmic Res 2008; 40:124-8. [PMID: 18421225 DOI: 10.1159/000119862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Senescent Ccl2-/- mice develop cardinal features of human age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Loss-of-function single-nucleotide polymorphisms within CX3CR1 are associated with AMD. METHODS We generated Ccl2-/-/Cx3cr1-/- [double-knockout (DKO)] mice and evaluated the eyes using fundoscopy routine histology, immunochemistry, biochemistry and proteomics. RESULTS At 6 weeks old, all DKO mice developed AMD-like retinal lesions such as abnormal retinal pigment epithelium cells, drusen, photoreceptor atrophy and choroidal neovascularization, which progressed with age and reversed with high omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid diet. N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E), a major lipofuscin fluorophore, illustrated by an emission peak at approximately 600 nm, was significantly higher in DKO retinal pigment epithelium. Decreased ERp29 was found in the retina of DKO mice. CONCLUSION A broad spectrum of AMD pathologies with early onset and high penetrance in these mice implicate certain chemokines, A2E and endoplasmic reticulum proteins in AMD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chao Chan
- Section of Immunopathology, Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA.
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8579
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Gupta N. Mesothelioma v/s adenocarcinoma of lung do serum markers help? Lung India 2008; 25:172. [PMID: 21264089 PMCID: PMC3019342 DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.45287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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8580
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