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Lu J, Chen Y, Liu D, Ren W, Lu Y, Shi Y, Piper J, Paulsen I, Jin D. One-Step Protein Conjugation to Upconversion Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10406-13. [PMID: 26429146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The emerging upconversion nanoparticles offer a fascinating library of ultrasensitive luminescent probes for a range of biotechnology applications from biomarker discovery to single molecule tracking, early disease diagnosis, deep tissue imaging, and drug delivery and therapies. The effective bioconjugation of inorganic nanoparticles to the molecule-specific proteins, free of agglomeration, nonspecific binding, or biomolecule deactivation, is crucial for molecular recognition of target molecules or cells. The current available protocols require multiple steps which can lead to low probe stability, specificity, and reproducibility. Here we report a simple and rapid protein bioconjugation method based on a one-step ligand exchange using the DNAs as the linker. Our method benefits from the robust DNA-protein conjugates as well as from multiple ions binding capability. Protein can be preconjugated via an amino group at the 3' end of a synthetic DNA molecule, so that the 5' end phosphoric acid group and multiple phosphate oxygen atoms in the phosphodiester bonds are exposed to replace the oleic acid ligands on the surface of upconversion nanoparticles due to their stronger chelating capability to lanthanides. We demonstrated that our method can efficiently pull out the upconversion nanoparticles from organic solvent into an aqueous phase. The upconversion nanoparticles then become hydrophilic, stable, and specific biomolecules recognition. This allows us to successfully functionalize the upconversion nanoparticles with horseradish peroxidise (HRP) for catalytic colorimetric assay and for streptavidin (SA)-biotin immunoassays.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yinghui Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | | | - Wei Ren
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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52
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Li X, Liu X, Chevrier DM, Qin X, Xie X, Song S, Zhang H, Zhang P, Liu X. Energy Migration Upconversion in Manganese(II)‐Doped Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201507176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore)
| | - Xiaowang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore)
| | - Daniel M. Chevrier
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J3 (Canada)
| | - Xian Qin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602 (Singapore)
| | - Xiaoji Xie
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore)
| | - Shuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022 (P. R. China)
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022 (P. R. China)
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J3 (Canada)
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore)
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602 (Singapore)
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53
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Li X, Liu X, Chevrier DM, Qin X, Xie X, Song S, Zhang H, Zhang P, Liu X. Energy Migration Upconversion in Manganese(II)-Doped Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:13312-7. [PMID: 26358961 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201507176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of cubic NaGdF4:Yb/Tm@NaGdF4:Mn core-shell structures. By taking advantage of energy transfer through Yb→Tm→Gd→Mn in these core-shell nanoparticles, we have realized upconversion emission of Mn(2+) at room temperature in lanthanide tetrafluoride based host lattices. The upconverted Mn(2+) emission, enabled by trapping the excitation energy through a Gd(3+) lattice, was validated by the observation of a decreased lifetime from 941 to 532 μs in the emission of Gd(3+) at 310 nm ((6)P(7/2)→(8)S(7/2)). This multiphoton upconversion process can be further enhanced under pulsed laser excitation at high power densities. Both experimental and theoretical studies provide evidence for Mn(2+) doping in the lanthanide-based host lattice arising from the formation of F(-) vacancies around Mn(2+) ions to maintain charge neutrality in the shell layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Li
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore)
| | - Xiaowang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore)
| | - Daniel M Chevrier
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J3 (Canada)
| | - Xian Qin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602 (Singapore)
| | - Xiaoji Xie
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore)
| | - Shuyan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022 (P. R. China)
| | - Hongjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022 (P. R. China).
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4J3 (Canada).
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543 (Singapore). .,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602 (Singapore).
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54
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An imaging-guided platform for synergistic photodynamic/photothermal/chemo-therapy with pH/temperature-responsive drug release. Biomaterials 2015; 63:115-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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55
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Leng Y, Sun K, Chen X, Li W. Suspension arrays based on nanoparticle-encoded microspheres for high-throughput multiplexed detection. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5552-95. [PMID: 26021602 PMCID: PMC5223091 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00382a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Spectrometrically or optically encoded microsphere based suspension array technology (SAT) is applicable to the high-throughput, simultaneous detection of multiple analytes within a small, single sample volume. Thanks to the rapid development of nanotechnology, tremendous progress has been made in the multiplexed detecting capability, sensitivity, and photostability of suspension arrays. In this review, we first focus on the current stock of nanoparticle-based barcodes as well as the manufacturing technologies required for their production. We then move on to discuss all existing barcode-based bioanalysis patterns, including the various labels used in suspension arrays, label-free platforms, signal amplification methods, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based platforms. We then introduce automatic platforms for suspension arrays that use superparamagnetic nanoparticle-based microspheres. Finally, we summarize the current challenges and their proposed solutions, which are centered on improving encoding capacities, alternative probe possibilities, nonspecificity suppression, directional immobilization, and "point of care" platforms. Throughout this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive guide for the design of suspension arrays, with the goal of improving their performance in areas such as multiplexing capacity, throughput, sensitivity, and cost effectiveness. We hope that our summary on the state-of-the-art development of these arrays, our commentary on future challenges, and some proposed avenues for further advances will help drive the development of suspension array technology and its related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuankui Leng
- The State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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56
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Layer-by-layer introduction of poly(phenylenevinylene) onto microspheres and probing the influence from the weak/strong polyanion spacer-layers. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 452:190-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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57
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Lai J, Shah BP, Zhang Y, Yang L, Lee KB. Real-Time Monitoring of ATP-Responsive Drug Release Using Mesoporous-Silica-Coated Multicolor Upconversion Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2015; 9:5234-45. [PMID: 25859611 PMCID: PMC5808884 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive drug delivery vehicles have garnered immense interest in recent years due to unparalleled progress made in material science and nanomedicine. However, the development of stimuli-responsive devices with integrated real-time monitoring capabilities is still in its nascent stage because of the limitations of imaging modalities. In this paper, we describe the development of a polypeptide-wrapped mesoporous-silica-coated multicolor upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP@MSN) as an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-responsive drug delivery system (DDS) for long-term tracking and real-time monitoring of drug release. Our UCNP@MSN with multiple emission peaks in UV-NIR wavelength range was functionalized with zinc-dipicolylamine analogue (TDPA-Zn(2+)) on its exterior surface and loaded with small-molecule drugs like chemotherapeutics in interior mesopores. The drugs remained entrapped within the UCNP-MSNs when the nanoparticles were wrapped with a compact branched polypeptide, poly(Asp-Lys)-b-Asp, because of multivalent interactions between Asp moieties present in the polypeptide and the TDPA-Zn(2+) complex present on the surface of UCNP-MSNs. This led to luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) from the UCNPs to the entrapped drugs, which typically have absorption in UV-visible range, ultimately resulting in quenching of UCNP emission in UV-visible range while retaining their strong NIR emission. Addition of ATP led to a competitive displacement of the surface bound polypeptide by ATP due to its higher affinity to TDPA-Zn(2+), which led to the release of the entrapped drugs and subsequent elimination of LRET. Monitoring of such ATP-triggered ratiometric changes in LRET allowed us to monitor the release of the entrapped drugs in real-time. Given these results, we envision that our proposed UCNP@MSN-polypeptide hybrid nanoparticle has great potential for stimuli-responsive drug delivery as well as for monitoring biochemical changes taking place in live cancer and stem cells.
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58
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Dong H, Sun LD, Wang YF, Ke J, Si R, Xiao JW, Lyu GM, Shi S, Yan CH. Efficient Tailoring of Upconversion Selectivity by Engineering Local Structure of Lanthanides in Na(x)REF(3+x) Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6569-76. [PMID: 25938687 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Efficient tailoring of upconversion emissions in lanthanide-doped nanocrystals is of great significance for extended optical applications. Here, we present a facile and highly effective method to tailor the upconversion selectivity by engineering the local structure of lanthanides in Na(x)REF(3+x) nanocrystals. The local structure engineering was achieved through precisely tuning the composition of nanocrystals, with different [Na]/[RE] ([F]/[RE]) ratio. It was found that the lattice parameter as well as the coordination number and local symmetry of lanthanides changed with the composition. A significant difference in the red to green emission ratio, which varied from 1.9 to 71 and 1.6 to 116, was observed for Na(x)YF(3+x):Yb,Er and Na(x)GdF(3+x):Yb,Er nanocrystals, respectively. Moreover, the local structure-dependent upconversion selectivity has been verified for Na(x)YF(3+x):Yb,Tm nanocrystals. In addition, the local structure induced upconversion emission from Er(3+) enhanced 9 times, and the CaF2 shell grown epitaxially over the nanocrystals further promoted the red emission by 450 times, which makes it superior as biomarkers for in vivo bioimaging. These exciting findings in the local structure-dependent upconversion selectivity not only offer a general approach to tailoring lanthanide related upconversion emissions but also benefit multicolor displays and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ling-Dong Sun
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye-Fu Wang
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jun Ke
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rui Si
- ‡Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jia-Wen Xiao
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guang-Ming Lyu
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chun-Hua Yan
- †Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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59
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Zhou L, Wang R, Yao C, Li X, Wang C, Zhang X, Xu C, Zeng A, Zhao D, Zhang F. Single-band upconversion nanoprobes for multiplexed simultaneous in situ molecular mapping of cancer biomarkers. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6938. [PMID: 25907226 PMCID: PMC4423208 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of potential diagnostic markers and target molecules among the plethora of tumour oncoproteins for cancer diagnosis requires facile technology that is capable of quantitatively analysing multiple biomarkers in tumour cells and tissues. Diagnostic and prognostic classifications of human tumours are currently based on the western blotting and single-colour immunohistochemical methods that are not suitable for multiplexed detection. Herein, we report a general and novel method to prepare single-band upconversion nanoparticles with different colours. The expression levels of three biomarkers in breast cancer cells were determined using single-band upconversion nanoparticles, western blotting and immunohistochemical technologies with excellent correlation. Significantly, the application of antibody-conjugated single-band upconversion nanoparticle molecular profiling technology can achieve the multiplexed simultaneous in situ biodetection of biomarkers in breast cancer cells and tissue specimens and produce more accurate results for the simultaneous quantification of proteins present at low levels compared with classical immunohistochemical technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, iChEm (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, iChEm (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chi Yao
- Department of Chemistry, iChEm (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Chemistry, iChEm (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chengli Wang
- Department of Chemistry, iChEm (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Aijun Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, iChEm (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, iChEm (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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60
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Abstract
Rare earth nanomaterials, which feature long-lived intermediate energy levels and intraconfigurational 4f-4f transitions, are promising supporters for photon upconversion. Owing to their unique optical properties, rare earth upconversion nanomaterials have found applications in bioimaging, theranostics, photovoltaic devices, and photochemical reactions. Here, we review recent advances in the photon upconversion processes of these nanomaterials. We start by considering energy transfer models involved in the study of upconversion emissions, as well as well-established synthesis strategies to control the size and shape of rare earth upconversion nanomaterials. Progress in engineering energy transfer pathways, which play a dominant role in determining upconversion emission outputs, is then discussed. Lastly, representative optical applications of these materials are considered. The aim of this review is to provide inspiration for researchers to explore novel upconversion nanomaterials and extended optical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Dong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; ,
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61
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Zhang Z, Ma X, Geng Z, Wang K, Wang Z. One-step synthesis of carboxyl-functionalized rare-earth fluoride nanoparticles for cell imaging and drug delivery. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02217g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CDDP was loaded onto the surface of carboxyl polymer-coated NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+ nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal treatment in the form of Pt–O bonds, and delivered through cellular uptake of the NaYF4–CDDP composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Zhirong Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Kuaibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Zhilin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
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62
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Liu X, Deng R, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chang H, Huang L, Liu X. Probing the nature of upconversion nanocrystals: instrumentation matters. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1479-508. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00356j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding upconversion nanocrystals: this review intends to summarize instrumental matters related to the characterization of upconversion nanocrystals from surface structures to intrinsic properties to ultimate challenges in nanocrystal analysis at single-particle levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - Renren Deng
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - Yuhai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
| | - Hongjin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials
- National Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials
- National Jiangsu Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials
- Nanjing Tech University
- Nanjing 211816
- China
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- National University of Singapore
- Singapore 117543
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering
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63
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The Applications of Upconversion Nanoparticles in Bioassay. PHOTON UPCONVERSION NANOMATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45597-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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64
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Sun Y, Feng W, Yang P, Huang C, Li F. The biosafety of lanthanide upconversion nanomaterials. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1509-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00175c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The association between the chemo-physical properties of UCNPs and their biodistribution, excretion, and toxic effects is presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Sun
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- P. R. China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Huang
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- P. R. China
| | - Fuyou Li
- Department of Chemistry & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers
- Fudan University
- Shanghai 200433
- P. R. China
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65
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Chan EM. Combinatorial approaches for developing upconverting nanomaterials: high-throughput screening, modeling, and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1653-79. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00205a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys the use of combinatorial and high-throughput techniques for the rapid discovery, optimization, and application of upconverting nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emory M. Chan
- The Molecular Foundry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
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66
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Yang D, Ma P, Hou Z, Cheng Z, Li C, Lin J. Current advances in lanthanide ion (Ln3+)-based upconversion nanomaterials for drug delivery. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1416-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 622] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review mainly focuses on the recent advances in various chemical syntheses of Ln3+-based upconversion nanomaterials, with special emphasis on their application in stimuli-response controlled drug release and subsequent therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Ping'an Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Zhiyou Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Ziyong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Chunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
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67
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Zheng W, Huang P, Tu D, Ma E, Zhu H, Chen X. Lanthanide-doped upconversion nano-bioprobes: electronic structures, optical properties, and biodetection. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1379-415. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00178h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 653] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The latest advances in lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles were comprehensively reviewed, which covers from their fundamental photophysics to biodetection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- and Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
| | - Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- and Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
| | - Datao Tu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- and Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
| | - En Ma
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- and Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
| | - Haomiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- and Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
| | - Xueyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials Chemistry and Physics
- and Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou
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68
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Dong H, Sun LD, Yan CH. Energy transfer in lanthanide upconversion studies for extended optical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1608-34. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00188e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 714] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this review, the various energy transfer pathways involved in lanthanide-related upconversion emissions are comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Ling-Dong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Chun-Hua Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
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69
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Abstract
This tutorial review highlights recent advances in the development of upconversion core–shell nanoparticles to cater for biological and energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Chen
- Department of Physics and Materials Science
- City University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- China
| | - Denfeng Peng
- Department of Physics and Materials Science
- City University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- China
| | - Qiang Ju
- Department of Physics and Materials Science
- City University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Physics and Materials Science
- City University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute
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70
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Chen G, Ågren H, Ohulchanskyy TY, Prasad PN. Light upconverting core–shell nanostructures: nanophotonic control for emerging applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1680-713. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00170b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanophotonic control of light upconversion in the hierarchical core–shell nanostructures, their biomedical, solar energy and security encoding applications were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanying Chen
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics and Department of Chemistry
- University at Buffalo
- State University of New York
- Buffalo
- USA
| | - Hans Ågren
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry & Biology
- Royal Institute of Technology
- S-10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics and Department of Chemistry
- University at Buffalo
- State University of New York
- Buffalo
- USA
| | - Paras N. Prasad
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics and Department of Chemistry
- University at Buffalo
- State University of New York
- Buffalo
- USA
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71
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Zhang F. Upconversion Luminescence of Lanthanide Ion-Doped Nanocrystals. PHOTON UPCONVERSION NANOMATERIALS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45597-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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72
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Chen Y, Qiu T, Zhao W, Fan LJ. Realization of fluorescence color tuning for poly(p-phenylenevinylene) coated microspheres via a heterogeneous catalytic thermal elimination process. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py01615g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent microspheres with clear core–shell structures and various emission colors were successfully prepared via a catalytic elimination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Tian Qiu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Wei Zhao
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
| | - Li-Juan Fan
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
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73
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Zhou J, Liu Q, Feng W, Sun Y, Li F. Upconversion Luminescent Materials: Advances and Applications. Chem Rev 2014; 115:395-465. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400478f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1511] [Impact Index Per Article: 151.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Fuyou Li
- Department of Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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74
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Lai J, Zhang Y, Pasquale N, Lee KB. An upconversion nanoparticle with orthogonal emissions using dual NIR excitations for controlled two-way photoswitching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:14419-23. [PMID: 25349100 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Developing multicolor upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with the capability of regulating their emission wavelengths in the UV to visible range in response to external stimuli can offer more dynamic platforms for applications in high-resolution bioimaging, multicolor barcoding, and driving multiple important photochemical reactions, such as photoswitching. Here, we have rationally designed single-crystal core-shell-structured UCNPs which are capable of orthogonal UV and visible emissions in response to two distinct NIR excitations at 808 and 980 nm. The orthogonal excitation-emission properties of such UCNPs, as well as their ability to utilize low-power excitation, which attenuates any local heating from the lasers, endows the UCNPs with great potential for applications in materials and biological settings. As a proof of concept, the use of this UCNP for the efficient regulation of the two-way photoswitching of spiropyran by using dual wavelengths of NIR irradiation has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854 (USA) http://kblee.rutgers.edu/
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75
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Lai J, Zhang Y, Pasquale N, Lee KB. An Upconversion Nanoparticle with Orthogonal Emissions Using Dual NIR Excitations for Controlled Two-Way Photoswitching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201408219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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76
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Wei L, Doughan S, Han Y, DaCosta MV, Krull UJ, Ho D. The intersection of CMOS microsystems and upconversion nanoparticles for luminescence bioimaging and bioassays. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2014; 14:16829-55. [PMID: 25211198 PMCID: PMC4208203 DOI: 10.3390/s140916829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic fluorophores and quantum dots are ubiquitous as contrast agents for bio-imaging and as labels in bioassays to enable the detection of biological targets and processes. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) offer a different set of opportunities as labels in bioassays and for bioimaging. UCNPs are excited at near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths where biological molecules are optically transparent, and their luminesce in the visible and ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range is suitable for detection using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. These nanoparticles provide multiple sharp emission bands, long lifetimes, tunable emission, high photostability, and low cytotoxicity, which render them particularly useful for bio-imaging applications and multiplexed bioassays. This paper surveys several key concepts surrounding upconversion nanoparticles and the systems that detect and process the corresponding luminescence signals. The principle of photon upconversion, tuning of emission wavelengths, UCNP bioassays, and UCNP time-resolved techniques are described. Electronic readout systems for signal detection and processing suitable for UCNP luminescence using CMOS technology are discussed. This includes recent progress in miniaturized detectors, integrated spectral sensing, and high-precision time-domain circuits. Emphasis is placed on the physical attributes of UCNPs that map strongly to the technical features that CMOS devices excel in delivering, exploring the interoperability between the two technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wei
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
| | - Samer Doughan
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Matthew V DaCosta
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Ulrich J Krull
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada.
| | - Derek Ho
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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77
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Chen F, Bu W, Cai W, Shi J. Functionalized upconversion nanoparticles: versatile nanoplatforms for translational research. Curr Mol Med 2014; 13:1613-32. [PMID: 24206131 DOI: 10.2174/1566524013666131111122133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The design, application, and translation of targeted multimodality molecular imaging probes based on nanotechnology have attracted increasing attentions during the last decade and will continue to play vital roles in cancer diagnosis and personalized medicine. With the growing awareness of drawbacks of traditional organic dyes and quantum dots, biocompatible lanthanide ion doped upconversion nanoparticles have emerged as promising candidates for clinically translatable imaging probes, owing to their unique features that are suitable for future targeted multimodal imaging in living subjects. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in the field of functionalized upconversion nanoparticles (f-UCNP) for biological imaging and therapy in vivo, and discussed the future research directions, obstacles ahead, and the potential use of f-UCNP in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, People's Republic of China.
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78
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Liu J, Liu Y, Bu W, Bu J, Sun Y, Du J, Shi J. Ultrasensitive nanosensors based on upconversion nanoparticles for selective hypoxia imaging in vivo upon near-infrared excitation. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9701-9. [PMID: 24956326 DOI: 10.1021/ja5042989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a distinct feature of malignant solid tumors, which is a possible causative factor for the serious resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy or the development of invasion and metastasis. The exploration of nanosensors with the capabilities like the accurate diagnosis of hypoxic level will be helpful to estimate the malignant degree of tumor and subsequently implement more effective personalized treatment. Here, we report the design and synthesis of nanosensors that can selectively and reversibly detect the level of hypoxia both in vitro and in vivo. The designed nanosensor is composed of two main moieties: oxygen indicator [Ru(dpp)3](2+)Cl2 for detection of hypoxia and upconversion nanoparticles for offering the excitation light of [Ru(dpp)3](2+)Cl2 by upconversion process under 980 nm exposure. The results show that the nanosensors can reversibly become quenched or luminescent under hyperoxic or hypoxic conditions, respectively. Compared with free [Ru(dpp)3](2+)Cl2, the designed nanosensors exhibit enhanced sensitivity for the detection of oxygen in hypoxic regions. More attractively, the nanosensors can image hypoxic regions with high penetration depth because the absorption and emission wavelength are within the NIR and far-red region, respectively. Most importantly, nanosensors display a high selectivity for detection of relevant oxygen changes in cells and zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 1295 Ding-xi Road, Shanghai 200050, PR China
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79
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Wang JH, Feng HT, Luo J, Zheng YS. Monomer Emission and Aggregate Emission of an Imidazolium Macrocycle Based on Bridged Tetraphenylethylene and Their Quenching by C60. J Org Chem 2014; 79:5746-51. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500884z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hua Wang
- Key
Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hai-Tao Feng
- Key
Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Tongji
School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan-Song Zheng
- Key
Laboratory for Large-Format Battery Materials and System, Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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80
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Chen G, Qiu H, Prasad PN, Chen X. Upconversion nanoparticles: design, nanochemistry, and applications in theranostics. Chem Rev 2014; 114:5161-214. [PMID: 24605868 PMCID: PMC4039352 DOI: 10.1021/cr400425h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1435] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanying Chen
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
- Department
of Chemistry and the Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Hailong Qiu
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
- Department
of Chemistry and the Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Paras N. Prasad
- Department
of Chemistry and the Institute for Lasers, Photonics, and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory
of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National
Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes
of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2281, United States
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81
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Hlaváček A, Sedlmeier A, Skládal P, Gorris HH. Electrophoretic characterization and purification of silica-coated photon-upconverting nanoparticles and their bioconjugates. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:6930-6935. [PMID: 24697748 DOI: 10.1021/am500732y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Photon-upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted much interest as a new class of luminescent label for the background-free detection in bioanalytical applications. UCNPs and other nanoparticles are commonly coated with a silica shell to improve their dispersibility and chemical stability in aqueous buffer and to incorporate functional groups for subsequent bioconjugation steps. The process of silica coating, however, is difficult to control without suitable analytical and preparative methods. Here, we have introduced agarose gel electrophoresis for the analysis and purification of silica-coated UCNPs. The silica shell can be doped with a fluorescent dye for direct detection in the gel without influencing the structure or electrophoretic mobility of the nanoparticles. The preparation of a bare silica shell by reverse microemulsion resulted in individual nanoparticles but also distinct aggregates that could be separated and isolated from the agarose gel. In contrast, the preparation of an ultrathin carboxylated silica shell yielded non-aggregated UCNPs only that could be directly used for protein conjugation. Agarose gel electrophoresis has also facilitated an efficient separation of protein-UCNP conjugates from excess reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonín Hlaváček
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg , 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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82
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Lee J, Bisso PW, Srinivas RL, Kim JJ, Swiston AJ, Doyle PS. Universal process-inert encoding architecture for polymer microparticles. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:524-9. [PMID: 24728464 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Polymer microparticles with unique, decodable identities are versatile information carriers with a small footprint. Widespread incorporation into industrial processes, however, is limited by a trade-off between encoding density, scalability and decoding robustness in diverse physicochemical environments. Here, we report an encoding strategy that combines spatial patterning with rare-earth upconversion nanocrystals, single-wavelength near-infrared excitation and portable CCD (charge-coupled device)-based decoding to distinguish particles synthesized by means of flow lithography. This architecture exhibits large, exponentially scalable encoding capacities (>10(6) particles), an ultralow decoding false-alarm rate (<10(-9)), the ability to manipulate particles by applying magnetic fields, and pronounced insensitivity to both particle chemistry and harsh processing conditions. We demonstrate quantitative agreement between observed and predicted decoding for a range of practical applications with orthogonal requirements, including covert multiparticle barcoding of pharmaceutical packaging (refractive-index matching), multiplexed microRNA detection (biocompatibility) and embedded labelling of high-temperature-cast objects (temperature resistance).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiseok Lee
- 1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2]
| | - Paul W Bisso
- 1] Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA [2] Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, Massachusetts 02420, USA [3]
| | - Rathi L Srinivas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Jae Jung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Albert J Swiston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory, Lexington, Massachusetts 02420, USA
| | - Patrick S Doyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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83
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Wu Y, Sun Y, Zhu X, Liu Q, Cao T, Peng J, Yang Y, Feng W, Li F. Lanthanide-based nanocrystals as dual-modal probes for SPECT and X-ray CT imaging. Biomaterials 2014; 35:4699-705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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84
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Ran X, Pu F, Ren J, Qu X. DNA-regulated upconverting nanoparticle signal transducers for multivalued logic operation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:1500-1503. [PMID: 24482359 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201303138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource, Utilization and Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Changchun, 130022, China; Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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85
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Sun LD, Wang YF, Yan CH. Paradigms and challenges for bioapplication of rare earth upconversion luminescent nanoparticles: small size and tunable emission/excitation spectra. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:1001-9. [PMID: 24422455 DOI: 10.1021/ar400218t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rare earth (RE) materials, which are excited in the ultraviolet and emit in the visible light spectrum, are widely used as phosphors for lamps and displays. In the 1960's, researchers reported an abnormal emission phenomenon where photons emitted from a RE element carried more energy than those absorbed, owing to the sequential energy transfer between two RE ions--Yb(3+)-sensitized Er(3+) or Tm(3+)--in the solid state. After further study, researchers named this abnormal emission phenomenon upconversion (UC) emission. More recent approaches take advantage of solution-based synthesis, which allows creation of homogenous RE nanoparticles (NPs) with controlled size and structure that are capable of UC emission. Such nanoparticles are useful for many applications, especially in biology. For these applications, researchers seek small NPs with high upconversion emission intensity. These UCNPs have the potential to have multicolor and tunable emissions via various activators. A vast potential for future development remains by developing molecular antennas and energy transfer within RE ions. We expect UCNPs with optimized spectra behavior to meet the increasing demand of potential applications in bioimaging, biological detection, and light conversion. This Account focuses on efforts to control the size and modulate the spectra of UCNPs. We first review efforts in size control. One method is careful control of the synthesis conditions to manipulate particle nucleation and growth, but more recently researchers have learned that the doping conditions can affect the size of UCNPs. In addition, constructing homogeneous core/shell structures can control nanoparticle size by adjusting the shell thickness. After reviewing size control, we consider how diverse applications impose different requirements on excitation and/or emission photons and review recent developments on tuning of UC spectral profiles, especially the extension of excitation/emission wavelengths and the adjustment and purification of emission colors. We describe strategies that employ various dopants and others that build rationally designed nanostructures and nanocomposites to meet these goals. As the understanding of the energy transfer in the UC process has improved, core/shell structures have been proved useful for simultaneous tuning of excitation and emission wavelengths. Finally, we present a number of typical examples to highlight the upconverted emission in various applications, including imaging, detection, and sensing. We believe that with deeper understanding of emission phenomena and the ability to tune spectral profiles, UCNPs could play an important role in light conversion studies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Dong Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye-Fu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chun-Hua Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications & PKU-HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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86
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Wang F, Liu X. Multicolor tuning of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles by single wavelength excitation. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:1378-85. [PMID: 24611606 DOI: 10.1021/ar5000067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanide-doped nanoparticles exhibit unique luminescent properties, including large Stokes shift, sharp emission bandwidth, high resistance to optical blinking, and photobleaching, as well as the unique ability to convert long-wavelength stimulation into short-wavelength emission. These attributes are particularly needed for developing luminescent labels as alternatives to organic fluorophores and quantum dots. In recent years, the well-recognized advantages of upconversion nanocrystals as biomarkers have been manifested in many important applications, such as highly sensitive molecular detection and autofluorescence-free cell imaging. However, their potential in multiplexed detection and multicolor imaging is rarely exploited, largely owing to the research lagging on multicolor tuning of these particles. Lanthanide doping typically involves an insulating host matrix and a trace amount of lanthanide dopants embedded in the host lattice. The luminescence observed from these doped crystalline materials primarily originates from electronic transitions within the [Xe]4f(n) configuration of the lanthanide dopants. Thus a straightforward approach to tuning the emission is to dope different lanthanide activators in the host lattice. Meanwhile, the host lattice can exert a crystal field around the lanthanide dopants and sometimes may even exchange energy with the dopants. Therefore, the emission can also be modulated by varying the host materials. Recently, the advance in synthetic methods toward high quality core-shell nanocrystals has led to the emergence of new strategies for emission modulation. These strategies rely on precise control over either energy exchange interactions between the dopants or energy transfer involving other optical entities. To provide a set of criteria for future work in this field, we attempt to review general and emerging strategies for tuning emission spectra through lanthanide doping. With significant progress made over the past several years, we now are able to design and fabricate nanoparticles displaying tailorable optical properties. In particular, we show that, by rational control of different combinations of dopants and dopant concentration, a wealth of color output can be generated under single-wavelength excitation. Strikingly, unprecedented single-band emissions can be obtained by careful selection of host matrices. By incorporating a set of lanthanide ions at defined concentrations into different layers of a core-shell structure, the emission spectra of the particles are largely expanded to cover almost the entire visible region, which is hardly accessible by conventional bulk phosphors. Importantly, we demonstrate that an inert-shell coating provides the particles with stable emission against perturbation in surrounding environments, paving the way for their applications in the context of biological networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering, 3 Research Link, Singapore 117602
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543
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87
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Qiu H, Chen G, Fan R, Yang L, Liu C, Hao S, Sailor MJ, Ågren H, Yang C, Prasad PN. Intense ultraviolet upconversion emission from water-dispersed colloidal YF3:Yb3+/Tm3+ rhombic nanodisks. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:753-757. [PMID: 24309589 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr04617f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Intense ultraviolet upconversion emission has been observed in water-dispersed uniform rhombic nanodisks (side length of ~14 nm and thickness of ~2.5 nm) of YF3 co-doped with Yb(3+) sensitizer and Tm(3+) activator ions, when excited at ~980 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, People's Republic of China.
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88
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Zhu D, Wang Z, Zong S, Chen H, Chen P, Cui Y. Wavenumber–intensity joint SERS encoding using silver nanoparticles for tumor cell targeting. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra11522h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new optical encoding approach, the wavenumber–intensity joint surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectral encoding method, was demonstrated by using silver nanoparticles with a core–shell structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhu
- Advanced Photonics Center
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Zhuyuan Wang
- Advanced Photonics Center
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Shenfei Zong
- Advanced Photonics Center
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Advanced Photonics Center
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Advanced Photonics Center
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yiping Cui
- Advanced Photonics Center
- Southeast University
- Nanjing 210096, China
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89
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Serrano IC, Adams AM, Palankar R, Stoica G, Palomares E, Delcea M. Lanthanide-doped nanoparticles for specific recognition of toll-like receptor (TLR) in human neutrophils. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra48018f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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90
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Yang Y. Upconversion nanophosphors for use in bioimaging, therapy, drug delivery and bioassays. Mikrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-013-1139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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91
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Wen H, Zhu H, Chen X, Hung TF, Wang B, Zhu G, Yu SF, Wang F. Upconverting Near-Infrared Light through Energy Management in Core-Shell-Shell Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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92
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Wen H, Zhu H, Chen X, Hung TF, Wang B, Zhu G, Yu SF, Wang F. Upconverting Near-Infrared Light through Energy Management in Core-Shell-Shell Nanoparticles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:13419-23. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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93
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Feng W, Han C, Li F. Upconversion-nanophosphor-based functional nanocomposites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:5287-5303. [PMID: 23982981 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Upconversion nanophosphors have the ability to generate visible or near-infrared (NIR) emissions under continuous-wave NIR excitation. Utilizing this special photoluminescent properties, upconversion nanophosphors can be used as key components in complex nanocomposites for a wide range of applications. This review summarizes the basic concept, fabrication strategy, and typical application of upconversion-nanophosphor-based functional nanocomposites. The motivation to design these structures comes from the potential applications in detection, multi-modality bioimaging, and NIR light-induced therapy, as well as the tuning of the upconversion luminescence emissions. This review will give a brief summary of this rapidly developing field, and provide guidance to design and to fabricate new nanocomposites based on upconversion nanophosphors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular, Engineering of Polymers, Concerted Innovative Center of Chemistry for Energy, Materials, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
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94
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Zhao J, Jin D, Schartner EP, Lu Y, Liu Y, Zvyagin AV, Zhang L, Dawes JM, Xi P, Piper JA, Goldys EM, Monro TM. Single-nanocrystal sensitivity achieved by enhanced upconversion luminescence. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 8:729-34. [PMID: 23995455 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2013.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Upconversion nanocrystals convert infrared radiation to visible luminescence, and are promising for applications in biodetection, bioimaging, solar cells and three-dimensional display technologies. Although the design of suitable nanocrystals has improved the performance of upconversion nanocrystals, their emission brightness is limited by the low doping concentration of activator ions needed to avoid the luminescence quenching that occurs at high concentrations. Here, we demonstrate that high excitation irradiance can alleviate concentration quenching in upconversion luminescence when combined with higher activator concentration, which can be increased from 0.5 mol% to 8 mol% Tm(3+) in NaYF₄. This leads to significantly enhanced luminescence signals, by up to a factor of 70. By using such bright nanocrystals, we demonstrate remote tracking of a single nanocrystal with a microstructured optical-fibre dip sensor. This represents a sensitivity improvement of three orders of magnitude over benchmark nanocrystals such as quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Zhao
- Advanced Cytometry Laboratories, MQ Photonics Research Centre and MQ BioFocus Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
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95
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Niu W, Wu S, Zhang S, Su LT, Tok AIY. Multicolor tunability and upconversion enhancement of fluoride nanoparticles by oxygen dopant. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:8164-8171. [PMID: 23887282 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr01612a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The ability to manipulate the upconversion luminescence of lanthanide-ion doped fluoride upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) is particularly important and highly desired due to their wide applications in color displays, multiplexing bioassays and multicolor imaging. Here, we developed a strategy for simultaneously tuning color output and enhancing upconversion emission of Yb/Er doped fluoride UCNPs, based on adjusting the oxygen doping level. The synthesis of multicolored multifunctional NaGdF4:Yb,Er UCNPs was used as the model host system to demonstrate this protocol. Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) was used as the oxygen source and added into the reaction system at the beginning stage of nucleation and growth process of fluoride UCNPs, which facilitates the formation of enough oxygen atoms and the diffusion of these into the fluoride host matrix. The results revealed that multicolour output and upconversion enhancement mainly resulted from the variation of phonon energy and crystal field symmetry of the host lattice, respectively. This strategy can be further expanded to other fluoride host matrices. As an example of an application, multicolored UCNPs were used as a color converter in light emitting diodes, which can effectively convert near-infrared light into visible light. It is expected that these multicolored UCNPs will be promising for applications in multiplexing biodetection, bioimaging (optical and magnetic resonance imaging) and other optical technologies, and the present method for the control of O(2-) doping may also be used in other functional nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Niu
- State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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96
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Demchenko AP. Nanoparticles and nanocomposites for fluorescence sensing and imaging. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2013; 1:022001. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/1/2/022001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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97
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Sun Y, Peng J, Feng W, Li F. Upconversion nanophosphors Naluf₄:Yb,Tm for lymphatic imaging in vivo by real-time upconversion luminescence imaging under ambient light and high-resolution X-ray CT. Am J Cancer Res 2013; 3:346-53. [PMID: 23650481 PMCID: PMC3645060 DOI: 10.7150/thno.5137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lanthanide upconversion nanophosphor (UCNP) has attracted increasing attention for potential applications in bioimaging due to its excellence in deep and high contrast imaging. To date, most upconversion imaging applications were demonstrated in dark surroundings without ambient light for higher signal-to-noise ratio, which hindered the application of optical imaging guided surgery. Herein, the new established NaLuF4-based UCNP (NaLuF4:Yb,Tm, ~17 nm) with bright upconversion emission around 800 nm as imaging signal was used to realize imaging under ambient light to provide more convenient for clinician. Moreover, due to the existance of heavy element lutetium (Lu) in the host lattice, the NaLuF4:Yb,Tm nanoparticles can also be used as an X-ray CT imaging agent to enhance the imaging depth and in vivo imaging resolution.
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98
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Chen R, Ta VD, Xiao F, Zhang Q, Sun H. Multicolor hybrid upconversion nanoparticles and their improved performance as luminescence temperature sensors due to energy transfer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:1052-7. [PMID: 23292700 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
By combining upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with rhodamine 6G (R6G) dye molecules, multicolor emission based on energy transfer is achieved. The complexes can be dissolved in epoxy resin, and self-assembled hemispherical microstructures are fabricated through a hydrophobic effect. A luminescence temperature sensor takes advantage of the high temperature sensitivity of the complexes due to energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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99
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Dai Y, Kang X, Yang D, Li X, Zhang X, Li C, Hou Z, Cheng Z, Ma P, Lin J. Platinum (IV) pro-drug conjugated NaYF4 :Yb(3+) /Er(3+) nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and up-conversion cell imaging. Adv Healthc Mater 2013. [PMID: 23184494 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Dai
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, People's Republic of China
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100
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Gorris HH, Wolfbeis OS. Photon-Upconverting Nanoparticles for Optical Encoding and Multiplexing of Cells, Biomolecules, and Microspheres. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:3584-600. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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