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Ferguson R, Subramanian V. The cellular uptake of angiogenin, an angiogenic and neurotrophic factor is through multiple pathways and largely dynamin independent. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193302. [PMID: 29486010 PMCID: PMC5828446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG), a member of the RNase superfamily (also known as RNase 5) has neurotrophic, neuroprotective and angiogenic activities. Recently it has also been shown to be important in stem cell homeostasis. Mutations in ANG are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Fronto-temporal dementia (FTD). ANG is a secreted protein which is taken up by cells and translocated to the nucleus. However, the import pathway/s through which ANG is taken up is/are still largely unclear. We have characterised the uptake of ANG in neuronal, astrocytic and microglial cell lines as well as primary neurons and astrocytes using pharmacological agents as well as dominant negative dynamin and Rab5 to perturb uptake and intracellular trafficking. We find that uptake of ANG is largely clathrin/dynamin independent and microtubule depolymerisation has a marginal effect. Perturbation of membrane ruffling and macropinocytosis significantly inhibited ANG uptake suggesting an uptake mechanism similar to RNase A. Our findings shed light on why mutations which do not overtly affect RNase activity but cause impaired localization are associated with neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross Ferguson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Vasanta Subramanian
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Crivello M, O'Riordan SL, Woods I, Cannon S, Halang L, Coughlan KS, Hogg MC, Lewandowski SA, Prehn JHM. Pleiotropic activity of systemically delivered angiogenin in the SOD1 G93A mouse model. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:503-511. [PMID: 29486168 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the angiogenin (ANG) gene have been identified in familial and sporadic ALS patients. Previous work from our group identified human ANG (huANG) to protect motoneurons in vitro, and provided proof-of-concept that daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) huANG injections post-symptom onset increased lifespan and delayed disease progression in SOD1G93A mice. huANG's mechanism of action remains less well understood. Here, we implemented a preclinical in vivo design to validate our previous results, provide pharmacokinetic and protein distribution data after systemic administration, and explore potential pleiotropic activities of huANG in vivo. SOD1G93A mice (n = 45) and non-transgenic controls (n = 31) were sex- age- and litter-matched according to the 2010 European ALS/MND group guidelines, and treated with huANG (1 μg, i.p., 3 times/week) or vehicle from 90 days on. huANG treatment increased survival and delayed motor dysfunction as assessed by rotarod in SOD1G93A mice. Increased huANG serum levels were detectable 2 and 24 h after i.p. injection equally in transgenic and non-transgenic mice. Exogenous huANG localized to spinal cord astrocytes, supporting a glia-mediated, paracrine mechanism of action; uptake into endothelial cells was also observed. 1 μg huANG or vehicle were administered from 90 to 115 days of age for histological analysis. Vehicle-treated SOD1G93A mice showed decreased motoneuron numbers and vascular length per ventral horn area, while huANG treatment resulted in improved vascular network maintenance and motoneuron survival. Our data suggest huANG represents a new class of pleiotropic ALS therapeutic that acts on the spinal cord vasculature and glia to delay motoneuron degeneration and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Crivello
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Saidhbhe L O'Riordan
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Ina Woods
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Sarah Cannon
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Luise Halang
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Karen S Coughlan
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Marion C Hogg
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Sebastian A Lewandowski
- Tissue Biology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles v. 2, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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53
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Kapur M, Monaghan CE, Ackerman SL. Regulation of mRNA Translation in Neurons-A Matter of Life and Death. Neuron 2017; 96:616-637. [PMID: 29096076 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic regulation of mRNA translation initiation and elongation is essential for the survival and function of neural cells. Global reductions in translation initiation resulting from mutations in the translational machinery or inappropriate activation of the integrated stress response may contribute to pathogenesis in a subset of neurodegenerative disorders. Aberrant proteins generated by non-canonical translation initiation may be a factor in the neuron death observed in the nucleotide repeat expansion diseases. Dysfunction of central components of the elongation machinery, such as the tRNAs and their associated enzymes, can cause translational infidelity and ribosome stalling, resulting in neurodegeneration. Taken together, dysregulation of mRNA translation is emerging as a unifying mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridu Kapur
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Caitlin E Monaghan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Susan L Ackerman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Tortarolo M, Lo Coco D, Veglianese P, Vallarola A, Giordana MT, Marcon G, Beghi E, Poloni M, Strong MJ, Iyer AM, Aronica E, Bendotti C. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, a Multisystem Pathology: Insights into the Role of TNF α. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:2985051. [PMID: 29081600 PMCID: PMC5610855 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2985051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is considered a multifactorial, multisystem disease in which inflammation and the immune system play important roles in development and progression. The pleiotropic cytokine TNFα is one of the major players governing the inflammation in the central nervous system and peripheral districts such as the neuromuscular and immune system. Changes in TNFα levels are reported in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and nerve tissues of ALS patients and animal models. However, whether they play a detrimental or protective role on the disease progression is still not clear. Our group and others have recently reported opposite involvements of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in motor neuron death. TNFR2 mediates TNFα toxic effects on these neurons presumably through the activation of MAP kinase-related pathways. On the other hand, TNFR2 regulates the function and proliferation of regulatory T cells (Treg) whose expression is inversely correlated with the disease progression rate in ALS patients. In addition, TNFα is considered a procachectic factor with a direct catabolic effect on skeletal muscles, causing wasting. We review and discuss the role of TNFα in ALS in the light of its multisystem nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Tortarolo
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Lo Coco
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
- ALS Research Center, Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pietro Veglianese
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Vallarola
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Marcon
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Ettore Beghi
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Poloni
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael J. Strong
- Cell Biology Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Anand M. Iyer
- Department of Neuropathology, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of Neuropathology, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Caterina Bendotti
- Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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55
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Bradshaw WJ, Rehman S, Pham TTK, Thiyagarajan N, Lee RL, Subramanian V, Acharya KR. Structural insights into human angiogenin variants implicated in Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41996. [PMID: 28176817 PMCID: PMC5296752 DOI: 10.1038/srep41996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Angiogenin (ANG), a member of the Ribonuclease A superfamily (also known as RNase 5) are known to be associated with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS, motor neurone disease) (sporadic and familial) and Parkinson’s Disease (PD). In our previous studies we have shown that ANG is expressed in neurons during neuro-ectodermal differentiation, and that it has both neurotrophic and neuroprotective functions. In addition, in an extensive study on selective ANG-ALS variants we correlated the structural changes to the effects on neuronal survival and the ability to induce stress granules in neuronal cell lines. Furthermore, we have established that ANG-ALS variants which affect the structure of the catalytic site and either decrease or increase the RNase activity affect neuronal survival. Neuronal cell lines expressing the ANG-ALS variants also lack the ability to form stress granules. Here, we report a detailed experimental structural study on eleven new ANG-PD/ALS variants which will have implications in understanding the molecular basis underlying their role in PD and ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Bradshaw
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Saima Rehman
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Tram T K Pham
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Nethaji Thiyagarajan
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L Lee
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Vasanta Subramanian
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - K Ravi Acharya
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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56
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Li S, Chen Y, Sun D, Bai R, Gao X, Yang Y, Sheng J, Xu Z. Angiogenin Prevents Progranulin A9D Mutation-Induced Neuronal-Like Cell Apoptosis Through Cleaving tRNAs into tiRNAs. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1338-1351. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Hoang TT, Raines RT. Molecular basis for the autonomous promotion of cell proliferation by angiogenin. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:818-831. [PMID: 27915233 PMCID: PMC5314776 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical growth factors act indirectly via receptor-mediated signal transduction pathways. Here, we report on an autonomous pathway in which a growth factor is internalized, has its localization regulated by phosphorylation, and ultimately uses intrinsic catalytic activity to effect epigenetic change. Angiogenin (ANG), a secreted vertebrate ribonuclease, is known to promote cell proliferation, leading to neovascularization as well as neuroprotection in mammals. Upon entering cells, ANG encounters the cytosolic ribonuclease inhibitor protein, which binds with femtomolar affinity. We find that protein kinase C and cyclin-dependent kinase phosphorylate ANG, enabling ANG to evade its inhibitor and enter the nucleus. After migrating to the nucleolus, ANG cleaves promoter-associated RNA, which prevents the recruitment of the nucleolar remodeling complex to the ribosomal DNA promoter. The ensuing derepression of rDNA transcription promotes cell proliferation. The biochemical basis for this unprecedented mechanism of signal transduction suggests new modalities for the treatment of cancers and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trish T Hoang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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58
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Relationships between Stress Granules, Oxidative Stress, and Neurodegenerative Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1809592. [PMID: 28194255 PMCID: PMC5286466 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1809592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) are critical for facilitating stress responses and for preventing the accumulation of misfolded proteins. SGs, however, have been linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, in part because SGs share many components with neuronal granules. Oxidative stress is one of the conditions that induce SG formation. SGs regulate redox levels, and SG formation in turn is differently regulated by various types of oxidative stress. These associations and other evidences suggest that SG formation contributes to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In this paper, we review the regulation of SG formation/assembly and discuss the interactions between oxidative stress and SG formation. We then discuss the links between SGs and neurodegenerative diseases and the current therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative diseases that target SGs.
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59
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Eleftheriadis T, Pissas G, Sounidaki M, Antoniadis N, Antoniadi G, Liakopoulos V, Stefanidis I. Angiogenin is upregulated during the alloreactive immune response and has no effect on the T-cell expansion phase, whereas it affects the contraction phase by inhibiting CD4 + T-cell apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3471-3475. [PMID: 27882181 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Under growth conditions, angiogenin is translocated into the nucleus, where it enhances ribosomal RNA transcription, facilitating increased protein synthesis and cellular proliferation. During stress conditions, angiogenin is sequestered in the cytoplasm, where it cleaves transfer RNA (tRNA) to produce tRNA-derived, stress-induced small RNAs (tiRNAs) that inhibit global protein synthesis, but increase the translation of anti-apoptotic factors. In the present study, the role of angiogenin in the human alloreactive immune response was evaluated using mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLRs) and neamine, an inhibitor of angiogenin nuclear translocation. In MLRs, angiogenin production was significantly (P<0.001) increased compared with resting peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The addition of neamine had no effect on cell proliferation, but did significantly (P<0.001) increase expression of Bcl-2-associated X protein and protein levels of activated caspase-3 in CD4+ T-cells isolated from the MLRs, indicating that angiogenin reduces apoptosis. In conclusion, angiogenin is upregulated during the alloreactive immune response, in which it does not affect the T-cell expansion phase, but inhibits the T-cell contraction phase by protecting against CD4+ T-cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Pissas
- Department of Nephrology, University of Thessaly Medical School, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Sounidaki
- Department of Nephrology, University of Thessaly Medical School, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Antoniadis
- Organ Transplant Unit, Hippokration General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Medical School, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgia Antoniadi
- Department of Nephrology, University of Thessaly Medical School, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Department of Nephrology, University of Thessaly Medical School, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stefanidis
- Department of Nephrology, University of Thessaly Medical School, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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60
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Ribonuclease 5 facilitates corneal endothelial wound healing via activation of PI3-kinase/Akt pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31162. [PMID: 27526633 PMCID: PMC4985649 DOI: 10.1038/srep31162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To maintain corneal transparency, corneal endothelial cells (CECs) exert a pump function against aqueous inflow. However, human CECs are arrested in the G1-phase and non-proliferative in vivo. Thus, treatment of corneal endothelial decompensation is limited to corneal transplantation, and grafts are vulnerable to immune rejection. Here, we show that ribonuclease (RNase) 5 is more highly expressed in normal human CECs compared to decompensated tissues. Furthermore, RNase 5 up-regulated survival of CECs and accelerated corneal endothelial wound healing in an in vitro wound of human CECs and an in vivo cryo-damaged rabbit model. RNase 5 treatment rapidly induced accumulation of cytoplasmic RNase 5 into the nucleus, and activated PI3-kinase/Akt pathway in human CECs. Moreover, inhibition of nuclear translocation of RNase 5 using neomycin reversed RNase 5-induced Akt activation. As a potential strategy for proliferation enhancement, RNase 5 increased the population of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU)-incorporated proliferating CECs with concomitant PI3-kinase/Akt activation, especially in CECs deprived of contact-inhibition. Specifically, RNase 5 suppressed p27 and up-regulated cyclin D1, D3, and E by activating PI3-kinase/Akt in CECs to initiate cell cycle progression. Together, our data indicate that RNase 5 facilitates corneal endothelial wound healing, and identify RNase 5 as a novel target for therapeutic exploitation.
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61
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Cascella R, Capitini C, Fani G, Dobson CM, Cecchi C, Chiti F. Quantification of the Relative Contributions of Loss-of-function and Gain-of-function Mechanisms in TAR DNA-binding Protein 43 (TDP-43) Proteinopathies. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19437-48. [PMID: 27445339 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.737726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin positive inclusions (FTLD-U) are two clinically distinct neurodegenerative conditions sharing a similar histopathology characterized by the nuclear clearance of TDP-43 and its associated deposition into cytoplasmic inclusions in different areas of the central nervous system. Given the concomitant occurrence of TDP-43 nuclear depletion and cytoplasmic accumulation, it has been proposed that TDP-43 proteinopathies originate from either a loss-of-function (LOF) mechanism, a gain-of-function (GOF) process, or both. We have addressed this issue by transfecting murine NSC34 and N2a cells with siRNA for endogenous murine TDP-43 and with human recombinant TDP-43 inclusion bodies (IBs). These two strategies allowed the depletion of nuclear TDP-43 and the accumulation of cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregates to occur separately and independently. Endogenous and exogenous TDP-43 were monitored and quantified using both immunofluorescence and Western blotting analysis, and nuclear functional TDP-43 was measured by monitoring the sortilin 1 mRNA splicing activity. Various degrees of TDP-43 cytoplasmic accumulation and nuclear TDP-43 depletion were achieved and the resulting cellular viability was evaluated, leading to a quantitative global analysis on the relative effects of LOF and GOF on the overall cytotoxicity. These were found to be ∼55% and 45%, respectively, in both cell lines and using both readouts of cell toxicity, showing that these two mechanisms are likely to contribute apparently equally to the pathologies of ALS and FTLD-U.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Cascella
- From the Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, V.le GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy and
| | - Claudia Capitini
- From the Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, V.le GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy and
| | - Giulia Fani
- From the Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, V.le GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy and
| | - Christopher M Dobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Cecchi
- From the Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, V.le GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy and
| | - Fabrizio Chiti
- From the Section of Biochemistry, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, V.le GB Morgagni 50, 50134 Florence, Italy and
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62
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Sheng J, Xu Z. Three decades of research on angiogenin: a review and perspective. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2016; 48:399-410. [PMID: 26705141 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As a member of the vertebrate-specific secreted ribonucleases, angiogenin (ANG) was first isolated and identified solely by its ability to induce new blood vessel formation, and now, it has been recognized to play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes through regulating cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and/or differentiation. ANG exhibits very weak ribonucleolytic activity that is critical for its biological functions, and exerts its functions through activating different signaling transduction pathways in different target cells. A series of recent studies have indicated that ANG contributes to cellular nucleic acid metabolism. Here, we comprehensively review the results of studies regarding the structure, mechanism, and function of ANG over the past three decades. Moreover, current problems and future research directions of ANG are discussed. The understanding of the function and mechanism of ANG in a wide context will help to better delineate its roles in diseases, especially in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Sheng
- Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou 310058, China Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhengping Xu
- Institute of Environmental Health, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, Hangzhou 310058, China Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
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63
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Moujalled D, White AR. Advances in the Development of Disease-Modifying Treatments for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. CNS Drugs 2016; 30:227-43. [PMID: 26895253 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-016-0317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive adult-onset, neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Over recent years, numerous genes ha ve been identified that promote disease pathology, including SOD1, TARDBP, and the expanded hexanucleotide repeat (GGGGCC) within C9ORF72. However, despite these major advances in identifying genes contributing to ALS pathogenesis, there remains only one currently approved therapeutic: the glutamate antagonist, riluzole. Seminal breakthroughs in the pathomechanisms and genetic factors associated with ALS have heavily relied on the use of rodent models that recapitulate the ALS phenotype; however, while many therapeutics have proved to be significant in animal models by prolonging life and rescuing motor deficits, they have failed in human clinical trials. This may be due to fundamental differences between rodent models and human disease, the fact that animal models are based on overexpression of mutated genes, and confounding issues such as difficulties mimicking the dosing schedules and regimens implemented in mouse models to humans. Here, we review the major pathways associated with the pathology of ALS, the rodent models engineered to test efficacy of candidate drugs, the advancements being made in stem cell therapy for ALS, and what strategies may be important to circumvent the lack of successful translational studies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Moujalled
- Department of Pathology and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Anthony R White
- Department of Pathology and Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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64
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Lack of association between the Angiogenin (ANG) rs11701 polymorphism and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk: a meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2016; 37:655-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-015-2473-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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65
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Kim KW, Park SH, Oh DH, Lee SH, Lim KS, Joo K, Chun YS, Chang SI, Min KM, Kim JC. Ribonuclease 5 coordinates signals for the regulation of intraocular pressure and inhibits neural apoptosis as a novel multi-functional anti-glaucomatous strategy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:145-54. [PMID: 26581172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a vision-threatening disorder characterized by progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), although little is known about therapeutic milestones. Due to its complex and multifactorial pathogenesis, multipronged therapeutic approach is needed. Angiogenin (ANG), now called ribonuclease (RNase) 5, has been previously known as angiogenic factor and more recently its biologic activity is extended to promoting cell survival via its ribonucleolytic activity. Here, we revealed the defect of ANG in human glaucomatous trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and identified novel multiple functions of ANG as an anti-glaucomatous strategy. ANG was highly expressed in normal eyes and normal TM cells compared to glaucomatous TM cells. ANG induced intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering in rat models of both normal and elevated IOP, and as a possible mechanism, activated Akt-mediated signals for nitric oxide (NO) production, an important regulator of IOP in glaucomatous TM cell. Moreover, we demonstrated ANG-induced production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and -3 and rho-kinase inhibition for TM remodeling. For anti-glaucomatous defense optimization, ANG not only elicited immune-modulative pathways via indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activation in TM cells and suppression of Jurkat T cells, but also rescued neural stem cells (NSCs) from apoptosis induced by glaucomatous stress. These results demonstrate that novel multi-functional effects of ANG may have benefits against glaucoma in ocular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Woo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Hwan Oh
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Sub Lim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsic Joo
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoun Sook Chun
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Ik Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong-Mi Min
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Chan Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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66
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Saikia M, Hatzoglou M. The Many Virtues of tRNA-derived Stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs): Discovering Novel Mechanisms of Stress Response and Effect on Human Health. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:29761-8. [PMID: 26463210 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.r115.694661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In mammalian cells, mature tRNAs are cleaved by stress-activated ribonuclease angiogenin to generate 5'- and 3'-tRNA halves: a novel class of small non-coding RNAs of 30-40 nucleotides in length. The biogenesis and biological functions of tRNA halves are emerging areas of research. This review will discuss the most recent findings on: (i) the mechanism and regulation of their biogenesis, (ii) their mechanism of action (we will specifically discuss their role in the protein synthesis inhibition and the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis), and (iii) their effects on the human physiology and disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridusmita Saikia
- From the Division of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 and
| | - Maria Hatzoglou
- the Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
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67
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Association between the Angiogenin (ANG) K17I variant and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk in Caucasian: a meta-analysis. Neurol Sci 2015; 36:2163-8. [PMID: 26255299 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-015-2344-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The study purpose is to perform a meta-analysis to help resolve the debate of whether the Angiogenin (ANG) K17I variant is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk in Caucasian. Three literature databases were searched for eligible studies published up to January 8, 2015: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science using the following search terms: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or ALS and Angiogenin or ANG. Five eligible articles were identified, which reported 6 case-control studies and a total of 2326 cases and 3799 controls. The overall results suggested low frequencies of the K17I variant in Caucasian patients (10/2326, 0.43 %) and controls (6/3799, 0.16 %). There is no difference in the variant frequencies between patients with FALS or SALS (p = 0.069). Analysis of pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) revealed that the ANG K17I variant increases the risk for ALS (AT vs. AA: OR 2.65, 95 % CI 1.05-6.66, p = 0.038) and familial ALS (FALS) (AT vs. AA: OR 11.81, 95 % CI 2.11-66.15, p = 0.005) but not for sporadic ALS (SALS) (AT vs. AA: OR 1.63, 95 % CI 0.55-4.82, p = 0.378). The ANG K17I variant is rare in Caucasian patients and controls and increases the risk for ALS and FALS but not for SALS in Caucasian populations. Further well-designed studies with larger samples are needed to validate these results.
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68
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Wallner S, Peters S, Pitzer C, Resch H, Bogdahn U, Schneider A. The Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor has a dual role in neuronal and vascular plasticity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2015; 3:48. [PMID: 26301221 PMCID: PMC4528279 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a growth factor that has originally been identified several decades ago as a hematopoietic factor required mainly for the generation of neutrophilic granulocytes, and is in clinical use for that. More recently, it has been discovered that G-CSF also plays a role in the brain as a growth factor for neurons and neural stem cells, and as a factor involved in the plasticity of the vasculature. We review and discuss these dual properties in view of the neuroregenerative potential of this growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Wallner
- Department of Traumatology and Sports Injuries, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Sebastian Peters
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Pitzer
- Interdisciplinary Neurobehavioral Core, Ruprecht-Karls-UniversityHeidelberg, Germany
| | - Herbert Resch
- Department of Traumatology and Sports Injuries, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
- University Clinic of Traumatology and Sports Injuries Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University SalzburgSalzburg, Austria
| | - Ulrich Bogdahn
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
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69
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Giacomelli C, Trincavelli ML, Satriano C, Hansson Ö, La Mendola D, Rizzarelli E, Martini C. ♦Copper (II) ions modulate Angiogenin activity in human endothelial cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 60:185-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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70
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Anderson P, Ivanov P. tRNA fragments in human health and disease. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:4297-304. [PMID: 25220675 PMCID: PMC4339185 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is traditionally considered to be an adaptor molecule that helps ribosomes to decode messenger RNA (mRNA) and synthesize protein. Recent studies have demonstrated that tRNAs also serve as a major source of small non-coding RNAs that possess distinct and varied functions. These tRNA fragments are heterogeneous in size, nucleotide composition, biogenesis and function. Here we describe multiple roles that tRNA fragments play in cell physiology and discuss their relevance to human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Anderson
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Pavel Ivanov
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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71
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G-quadruplex structures contribute to the neuroprotective effects of angiogenin-induced tRNA fragments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:18201-6. [PMID: 25404306 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1407361111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) is a stress-activated ribonuclease that promotes the survival of motor neurons. Ribonuclease inactivating point mutations are found in a subset of patients with ALS, a fatal neurodegenerative disease with no cure. We recently showed that ANG cleaves tRNA within anticodon loops to produce 5'- and 3'-fragments known as tRNA-derived, stress-induced RNAs (tiRNAs). Selected 5'-tiRNAs (e.g., tiRNA(Ala), tiRNA(Cys)) cooperate with the translational repressor Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) to displace the cap-binding complex eIF4F from capped mRNA, inhibit translation initiation, and induce the assembly of stress granules (SGs). Here, we show that translationally active tiRNAs assemble unique G-quadruplex (G4) structures that are required for translation inhibition. We show that tiRNA(Ala) binds the cold shock domain of YB-1 to activate these translational reprogramming events. We discovered that 5'-tiDNA(Ala) (the DNA equivalent of 5'-tiRNA(Ala)) is a stable tiRNA analog that displaces eIF4F from capped mRNA, inhibits translation initiation, and induces the assembly of SGs. The 5'-tiDNA(Ala) also assembles a G4 structure that allows it to enter motor neurons spontaneously and trigger a neuroprotective response in a YB-1-dependent manner. Remarkably, the ability of 5'-tiRNA(Ala) to induce SG assembly is inhibited by G4 structures formed by pathological GGGGCC repeats found in C9ORF72, the most common genetic cause of ALS, suggesting that functional interactions between G4 RNAs may contribute to neurodegenerative disease.
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72
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Padhi AK, Banerjee K, Gomes J, Banerjee M. Computational and functional characterization of Angiogenin mutations, and correlation with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111963. [PMID: 25372031 PMCID: PMC4221194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Angiogenin (ANG) gene is frequently mutated in patients suffering from the neurodegenerative disease--amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Most of the ALS-causing mutations in Angiogenin affect either its ribonucleolytic or nuclear translocation activity. Here we report the functional characterization of two previously uncharacterized missense mutations in Angiogenin--D22G and L35P. We predict the nature of loss-of-function(s) in these mutants through our previously established Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation extended to 100 ns, and show that the predictions are entirely validated through biochemical studies with wild-type and mutated proteins. Based on our studies, we provide a biological explanation for the loss-of-function of D22G-Angiogenin leading to ALS, and suggest that the L35P-Angiogenin mutation would probably cause ALS symptoms in individuals harboring this mutation. Our study thus highlights the strength of MD simulation-based predictions, and suggests that this method can be used for correlating mutations in Angiogenin or other effector proteins with ALS symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K. Padhi
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Kamalika Banerjee
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - James Gomes
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Manidipa Banerjee
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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73
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Couthouis J, Raphael AR, Daneshjou R, Gitler AD. Targeted exon capture and sequencing in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PLoS Genet 2014; 10:e1004704. [PMID: 25299611 PMCID: PMC4191946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease that results in progressive degeneration of motor neurons, ultimately leading to paralysis and death. Approximately 10% of ALS cases are familial, with the remaining 90% of cases being sporadic. Genetic studies in familial cases of ALS have been extremely informative in determining the causative mutations behind ALS, especially as the same mutations identified in familial ALS can also cause sporadic disease. However, the cause of ALS in approximately 30% of familial cases and in the majority of sporadic cases remains unknown. Sporadic ALS cases represent an underutilized resource for genetic information about ALS; therefore, we undertook a targeted sequencing approach of 169 known and candidate ALS disease genes in 242 sporadic ALS cases and 129 matched controls to try to identify novel variants linked to ALS. We found a significant enrichment in novel and rare variants in cases versus controls, indicating that we are likely identifying disease associated mutations. This study highlights the utility of next generation sequencing techniques combined with functional studies and rare variant analysis tools to provide insight into the genetic etiology of a heterogeneous sporadic disease. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Charcot disease or Lou Gehrig's disease, is one of the most common neuromuscular diseases worldwide. This disease is characterized by a progressive degeneration of motor neurons, leading to patient death within a few years after onset. Despite the fact that most ALS cases are sporadic, most of the ALS genetic studies have focused on familial forms, leading to the genetic determination of cause for 70% of cases of familial ALS but for only 10% of sporadic ALS cases. This, coupled with the dearth of families available for study, suggests that researchers should begin tapping into the relatively untouched reservoir of available sporadic samples to identify novel genetic causes of sporadic ALS. Here we take advantage of high-throughput target sequencing techniques to test four different hypotheses about the genetic causes of ALS in sporadic ALS and uncover new candidate genes and pathways implicated in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Couthouis
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Alya R. Raphael
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Roxana Daneshjou
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Aaron D. Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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74
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Campos-Melo D, Droppelmann CA, Volkening K, Strong MJ. RNA-binding proteins as molecular links between cancer and neurodegeneration. Biogerontology 2014; 15:587-610. [PMID: 25231915 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-014-9531-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For many years, epidemiological studies have suggested an association between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders-two disease processes that seemingly have little in common. Although these two disease processes share disruptions in a wide range of cellular pathways, including cell survival, cell death and the cell cycle, the end result is very divergent: uncontrolled cell survival and proliferation in cancer and progressive neuronal cell death in neurodegeneration. Despite the clinical data connecting these two disease processes, little is known about the molecular links between them. Among the mechanisms affected in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, alterations in RNA metabolism are obtaining significant attention given the critical role for RNA transcription, maturation, transport, stability, degradation and translation in normal cellular function. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are integral to each stage of RNA metabolism through their participation in the formation of ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs). RBPs have a broad range of functions including posttranscriptional regulation of mRNA stability, splicing, editing and translation, mRNA export and localization, mRNA polyadenylation and miRNA biogenesis, ultimately impacting the expression of every single gene in the cell. In this review, we examine the evidence for RBPs as being key a molecular linkages between cancer and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danae Campos-Melo
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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75
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Blanco S, Dietmann S, Flores JV, Hussain S, Kutter C, Humphreys P, Lukk M, Lombard P, Treps L, Popis M, Kellner S, Hölter SM, Garrett L, Wurst W, Becker L, Klopstock T, Fuchs H, Gailus-Durner V, Hrabĕ de Angelis M, Káradóttir RT, Helm M, Ule J, Gleeson JG, Odom DT, Frye M. Aberrant methylation of tRNAs links cellular stress to neuro-developmental disorders. EMBO J 2014; 33:2020-39. [PMID: 25063673 PMCID: PMC4195770 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201489282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the cytosine-5 RNA methyltransferase NSun2 cause microcephaly and other neurological abnormalities in mice and human. How post-transcriptional methylation contributes to the human disease is currently unknown. By comparing gene expression data with global cytosine-5 RNA methylomes in patient fibroblasts and NSun2-deficient mice, we find that loss of cytosine-5 RNA methylation increases the angiogenin-mediated endonucleolytic cleavage of transfer RNAs (tRNA) leading to an accumulation of 5' tRNA-derived small RNA fragments. Accumulation of 5' tRNA fragments in the absence of NSun2 reduces protein translation rates and activates stress pathways leading to reduced cell size and increased apoptosis of cortical, hippocampal and striatal neurons. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that angiogenin binds with higher affinity to tRNAs lacking site-specific NSun2-mediated methylation and that the presence of 5' tRNA fragments is sufficient and required to trigger cellular stress responses. Furthermore, the enhanced sensitivity of NSun2-deficient brains to oxidative stress can be rescued through inhibition of angiogenin during embryogenesis. In conclusion, failure in NSun2-mediated tRNA methylation contributes to human diseases via stress-induced RNA cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Blanco
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sabine Dietmann
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joana V Flores
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shobbir Hussain
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Kutter
- Li Ka Shing Centre, CR-UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Humphreys
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Margus Lukk
- Li Ka Shing Centre, CR-UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Patrick Lombard
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Martyna Popis
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stefanie Kellner
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine M Hölter
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lillian Garrett
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wurst
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute of Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Munich, Germany
| | - Lore Becker
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute for Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Munich, Germany Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Helmut Fuchs
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute for Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Valerie Gailus-Durner
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute for Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin Hrabĕ de Angelis
- German Mouse Clinic, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany Institute for Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ragnhildur T Káradóttir
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark Helm
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jernej Ule
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Laboratory of Pediatric Brain Diseases, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Duncan T Odom
- Li Ka Shing Centre, CR-UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michaela Frye
- Wellcome Trust - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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76
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Ismailov SM, Barykova YA, Shmarov MM, Tarantul VZ, Barskov IV, Kucheryanu VG, Brylev LV, Logunov DY, Tutykhina IL, Bocharov EV, Zakharova MN, Narodizky BS, Illarioshkin SN. Experimental approach to the gene therapy of motor neuron disease with the use of genes hypoxia-inducible factors. RUSS J GENET+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795414050056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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77
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Sheng J, Luo C, Jiang Y, Hinds PW, Xu Z, Hu GF. Transcription of angiogenin and ribonuclease 4 is regulated by RNA polymerase III elements and a CCCTC binding factor (CTCF)-dependent intragenic chromatin loop. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12520-34. [PMID: 24659782 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.551762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) and ribonuclease 4 (RNASE4), two members of the secreted and vertebrate-specific ribonuclease superfamily, play important roles in cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. The ANG and RNASE4 genes share genetic regions with promoter activities, but the structure and regulation of these putative promotes are unknown. We have characterized the promoter regions, defined the transcription start site, and identified a mechanism of transcription regulation that involves both RNA polymerase III (Pol III) elements and CCCTC binding factor (CTCF) sites. We found that two Pol III elements within the promoter region influence ANG and RNASE4 expression in a position- and orientation-dependent manner. We also provide evidence for the presence of an intragenic chromatin loop between the two CTCF binding sites located in two introns flanking the ANG coding exon. We found that formation of this intragenic loop preferentially enhances ANG transcription. These results suggest a multilayer transcriptional regulation of ANG and RNASE4 gene locus. These data also add more direct evidence to the notion that Pol III elements are able to directly influence Pol II gene transcription. Furthermore, our data indicate that a CTCF-dependent chromatin loop is able to differentially regulate transcription of genes that share the same promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Sheng
- From the Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 and
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78
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Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphism in human angiogenin using droplet-based microfluidics. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-014-8103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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79
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Del Giudice R, Monti DM, Sarcinelli C, Arciello A, Piccoli R, Hu GF. Amyloidogenic variant of apolipoprotein A-I elicits cellular stress by attenuating the protective activity of angiogenin. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1097. [PMID: 24603325 PMCID: PMC3973227 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Amyloidogenic ‘gain-of-function' mutations in apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) gene (APOA1) result in systemic amyloidosis characterized by aggregate deposition and eventually cell death. However, how amyloidogenic variants of ApoA-I induce cell death is unknown. Here we report that one of the mechanisms by which amyloidogenic ApoA-I induces cell death is through attenuating anti-stress activity of angiogenin (ANG), a homeostatic protein having both pro-growth and pro-survival functions. Under growth conditions, ANG is located in nucleolus where it promotes ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription thereby stimulating cell growth. In adverse conditions, ANG is relocated to cytoplasm to promote damage repairs and cell survival. We find that in cells overexpressing the L75P-APOA1 mutant ANG expression is decreased and normal cellular localization of ANG is altered in response to stress and growth signals. In particular, ANG does not relocate to cytoplasm under stress conditions but is rather retained in the nucleolus where it continues promoting rRNA transcription, thus imposing a ribotoxic effect while simultaneously compromising its pro-survival activity. Consistently, we also find that addition of exogenous ANG protects cells from L75P-ApoA-I-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Del Giudice
- 1] Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples 80126, Italy [2] Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - D M Monti
- 1] Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples 80126, Italy [2] National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - C Sarcinelli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples 80126, Italy
| | - A Arciello
- 1] Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples 80126, Italy [2] National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - R Piccoli
- 1] Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, via Cinthia 4, Naples 80126, Italy [2] National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - G-F Hu
- Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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May C, Nordhoff E, Casjens S, Turewicz M, Eisenacher M, Gold R, Brüning T, Pesch B, Stephan C, Woitalla D, Penke B, Janáky T, Virók D, Siklós L, Engelhardt JI, Meyer HE. Highly immunoreactive IgG antibodies directed against a set of twenty human proteins in the sera of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis identified by protein array. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89596. [PMID: 24586901 PMCID: PMC3935926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common adult-onset motor neuron disorder, is characterized by the progressive and selective loss of upper and lower motor neurons. Diagnosis of this disorder is based on clinical assessment, and the average survival time is less than 3 years. Injections of IgG from ALS patients into mice are known to specifically mark motor neurons. Moreover, IgG has been found in upper and lower motor neurons in ALS patients. These results led us to perform a case-control study using human protein microarrays to identify the antibody profiles of serum samples from 20 ALS patients and 20 healthy controls. We demonstrated high levels of 20 IgG antibodies that distinguished the patients from the controls. These findings suggest that a panel of antibodies may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline May
- Department of Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eckhard Nordhoff
- Department of Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Swaantje Casjens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Turewicz
- Department of Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Eisenacher
- Department of Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Ralf Gold
- St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Beate Pesch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Stephan
- Department of Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Dirk Woitalla
- St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Botond Penke
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Janáky
- Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Virók
- Institute of Clinical Microbiology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Siklós
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Helmut E. Meyer
- Department of Medical Proteomics/Bioanalytics, Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
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81
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Sheng J, Yu W, Gao X, Xu Z, Hu GF. Angiogenin stimulates ribosomal RNA transcription by epigenetic activation of the ribosomal DNA promoter. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:521-9. [PMID: 24122807 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) undergoes nuclear translocation and promotes ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription thereby enhancing cell growth and proliferation. However, the mode of action of ANG in stimulating rRNA transcription is unclear. Here, we show that ANG enhances the formation of RNA polymerase I (Pol I) pre-initiation complex at the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) promoter. ANG binds at the upstream control element (UCE) of the promoter and enhances promoter occupancy of RNA Pol I as well as the selectivity factor SL1 components TAFI 48 and TAFI 110. We also show that ANG increases the number of actively transcribing rDNA by epigenetic activation through promoter methylation and histone modification. ANG binds to histone H3, inhibits H3K9 methylation, and activates H3K4 methylation as well as H4 acetylation at the rDNA promoter. These data suggest that one of the mechanisms by which ANG stimulates rRNA transcription is through an epigenetic activation of rDNA promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Sheng
- Molecular Oncology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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82
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Padhi AK, Vasaikar SV, Jayaram B, Gomes J. ANGDelMut - a web-based tool for predicting and analyzing functional loss mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated angiogenin mutations. F1000Res 2013; 2:227. [PMID: 24555108 PMCID: PMC3901456 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.2-227.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
ANGDelMut is a web-based tool for predicting the functional consequences of missense mutations in the angiogenin (ANG) protein, which is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Missense mutations in ANG result in loss of either ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or both of these functions, and in turn cause ALS. However, no web-based tools are available to predict whether a newly identified ANG mutation will possibly lead to ALS. More importantly, no web-implemented method is currently available to predict the mechanisms of loss-of-function(s) of ANG mutants. In light of this observation, we developed the ANGDelMut web-based tool, which predicts whether an ANG mutation is deleterious or benign. The user selects certain attributes from the input panel, which serves as a query to infer whether a mutant will exhibit loss of ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or whether the overall stability will be affected. The output states whether the mutation is deleterious or benign, and if it is deleterious, gives the possible mechanism(s) of loss-of-function. This web-based tool, freely available at
http://bioschool.iitd.ernet.in/DelMut/, is the first of its kind to provide a platform for researchers and clinicians, to infer the functional consequences of ANG mutations and correlate their possible association with ALS ahead of experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Padhi
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Suhas V Vasaikar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Bhyravabhotla Jayaram
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India ; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India ; Supercomputing Facility for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - James Gomes
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
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83
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Padhi AK, Vasaikar SV, Jayaram B, Gomes J. ANGDelMut - a web-based tool for predicting and analyzing functional loss mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated angiogenin mutations. F1000Res 2013; 2:227. [PMID: 24555108 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.2-227.v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ANGDelMut is a web-based tool for predicting the functional consequences of missense mutations in the angiogenin (ANG) protein, which is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Missense mutations in ANG result in loss of either ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or both of these functions, and in turn cause ALS. However, no web-based tools are available to predict whether a newly identified ANG mutation will possibly lead to ALS. More importantly, no web-implemented method is currently available to predict the mechanisms of loss-of-function(s) of ANG mutants. In light of this observation, we developed the ANGDelMut web-based tool, which predicts whether an ANG mutation is deleterious or benign. The user selects certain attributes from the input panel, which serves as a query to infer whether a mutant will exhibit loss of ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or whether the overall stability will be affected. The output states whether the mutation is deleterious or benign, and if it is deleterious, gives the possible mechanism(s) of loss-of-function. This web-based tool, freely available at http://bioschool.iitd.ernet.in/DelMut/, is the first of its kind to provide a platform for researchers and clinicians, to infer the functional consequences of ANG mutations and correlate their possible association with ALS ahead of experimental findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Padhi
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Suhas V Vasaikar
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Bhyravabhotla Jayaram
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India ; Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India ; Supercomputing Facility for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - James Gomes
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
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84
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Riera C, Lois S, de la Cruz X. Prediction of pathological mutations in proteins: the challenge of integrating sequence conservation and structure stability principles. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Casandra Riera
- Laboratory of Translational Bioinformatics in Neuroscience; VHIR; Barcelona Spain
| | - Sergio Lois
- Laboratory of Translational Bioinformatics in Neuroscience; VHIR; Barcelona Spain
| | - Xavier de la Cruz
- Laboratory of Translational Bioinformatics in Neuroscience; VHIR; Barcelona Spain
- Institució Catalana per la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA); Barcelona Spain
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85
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Kirby J, Highley JR, Cox L, Goodall EF, Hewitt C, Hartley JA, Hollinger HC, Fox M, Ince PG, McDermott CJ, Shaw PJ. Lack of unique neuropathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis associated with p.K54E angiogenin (ANG) mutation. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2013; 39:562-71. [PMID: 23228179 PMCID: PMC3770927 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Five to 10% of cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are familial, with the most common genetic causes being mutations in the C9ORF72, SOD1, TARDBP and FUS genes. Mutations in the angiogenin gene, ANG, have been identified in both familial and sporadic patients in several populations within Europe and North America. The aim of this study was to establish the incidence of ANG mutations in a large cohort of 517 patients from Northern England and establish the neuropathology associated with these cases. METHODS The single exon ANG gene was amplified, sequenced and analysed for mutations. Pathological examination of brain, spinal cord and skeletal muscle included conventional histology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Mutation screening identified a single sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis case with a p.K54E mutation, which is absent from 278 neurologically normal control samples. The clinical presentation was of limb onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, with rapid disease progression and no evidence of cognitive impairment. Neuropathological examination established the presence of characteristic ubiquitinated and TDP-43-positive neuronal and glial inclusions, but no abnormality in the distribution of angiogenin protein. DISCUSSION There is only one previous report describing the neuropathology in a single case with a p.K17I ANG mutation which highlighted the presence of eosinophilic neuronal intranuclear inclusions in the hippocampus. The absence of this feature in the present case indicates that patients with ANG mutations do not always have pathological changes distinguishable from those of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kirby
- Academic Unit of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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86
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Pizzo E, Sarcinelli C, Sheng J, Fusco S, Formiggini F, Netti P, Yu W, D'Alessio G, Hu GF. Ribonuclease/angiogenin inhibitor 1 regulates stress-induced subcellular localization of angiogenin to control growth and survival. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:4308-19. [PMID: 23843625 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.134551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) promotes cell growth and survival. Under growth conditions, ANG undergoes nuclear translocation and accumulates in the nucleolus where it stimulates rRNA transcription. When cells are stressed, ANG mediates the production of tRNA-derived stress-induced small RNA (tiRNA), which reprograms protein translation into a survival mechanism. The ribonucleolytic activity of ANG is essential for both processes but how this activity is regulated is unknown. We report here that ribonuclease/angiogenin inhibitor 1 (RNH1) controls both the localization and activity of ANG. Under growth conditions, ANG is located in the nucleus and is not associated with RNH1 so that the ribonucleolytic activity is retained to ensure rRNA transcription. Cytoplasmic ANG is associated with and inhibited by RNH1 so that random cleavage of cellular RNA is prevented. Under stress conditions, ANG is localized to the cytoplasm and is concentrated in stress granules where it is not associated with RNH1 and thus remains enzymatically active for tiRNA production. By contrast, nuclear ANG is associated with RNH1 in stressed cells to ensure that the enzymatic activity is inhibited and no unnecessary rRNA is produced to save anabolic energy. Knockdown of RNH1 abolished stress-induced relocalization of ANG and decreased cell growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elio Pizzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, Naples 80126, Italy
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87
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Campos-Melo D, Droppelmann CA, He Z, Volkening K, Strong MJ. Altered microRNA expression profile in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: a role in the regulation of NFL mRNA levels. Mol Brain 2013; 6:26. [PMID: 23705811 PMCID: PMC3668997 DOI: 10.1186/1756-6606-6-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, adult onset, fatal neurodegenerative disease of motor neurons. There is emerging evidence that alterations in RNA metabolism may be critical in the pathogenesis of ALS. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are key determinants of mRNA stability. Considering that miRNAs are increasingly being recognized as having a role in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, we decided to characterize the miRNA expression profile in spinal cord (SC) tissue in sporadic ALS (sALS) and controls. Furthermore, we performed functional analysis to identify a group of dysregulated miRNAs that could be responsible for the selective suppression of low molecular weight neurofilament (NFL) mRNA observed in ALS. Results Using TaqMan arrays we analyzed 664 miRNAs and found that a large number of miRNAs are differentially expressed in ventral lumbar SC in sALS compared to controls. We observed that the majority of dysregulated miRNAs are down-regulated in sALS SC tissues. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) showed that dysregulated miRNAs are linked with nervous system function and cell death. We used two prediction algorithms to develop a panel of miRNAs that have recognition elements within the human NFL mRNA 3′UTR, and then we performed functional analysis for these miRNAs. Our results demonstrate that three miRNAs that are dysregulated in sALS (miR-146a*, miR-524-5p and miR-582-3p) are capable of interacting with NFL mRNA 3′UTR in a manner that is consistent with the suppressed steady state mRNA levels observed in spinal motor neurons in ALS. Conclusions The miRNA expression profile is broadly altered in the SC in sALS. Amongst these is a group of dysregulated miRNAs directly regulate the NFL mRNA 3′UTR, suggesting a role in the selective suppression of NFL mRNA in the ALS spinal motor neuron neurofilamentous aggregate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danae Campos-Melo
- Molecular Brain Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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88
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Padhi AK, Vasaikar SV, Jayaram B, Gomes J. Fast prediction of deleterious angiogenin mutations causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1762-6. [PMID: 23665167 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms causing missense mutations in angiogenin result in its loss-of-function and onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although several such associations are reported across diverse ethnic groups, no method is available for predicting if a new mutation is deleterious. We present here a fast molecular dynamics based method for determining the mechanisms of functional loss caused by mutations, and attributes to ascertain whether a mutation causes ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya K Padhi
- Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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89
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Kenna KP, McLaughlin RL, Hardiman O, Bradley DG. Using reference databases of genetic variation to evaluate the potential pathogenicity of candidate disease variants. Hum Mutat 2013; 34:836-41. [PMID: 23447461 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The potential pathogenicity of genetic variants identified in disease-based resequencing studies is often overlooked where variants have previously been reported in dbSNP, the 1000 genomes project, or the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute Exome Sequencing Project (ESP). In this work, we estimate that collectively, these databases capture ∼52% of mutations (dbSNP 50.4%; 1000 genomes 4.8%; and ESP 10.2%) reported as disease causing within phenotype-based locus-specific databases (LSDBs). To investigate whether these mutations may simply represent benign population variants, we evaluated whether the carrier frequencies associated with mutations implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis were higher than what could be accounted for by high-penetrance disease models. In doing so, we have questioned the veracity of 51 mutations, but also demonstrated that each of the three databases included credible disease variants. Our results demonstrate the benefits of using databases such as dbSNP, the 1000 genomes project, and the ESP to evaluate the pathogenicity of putative disease variants, and suggest that many disease mutations reported across LSDBs may not actually be pathogenic. However, they also demonstrate that even in the context of rare Mendelian disorders, the potential pathogenicity of variants reported by these databases should not be overlooked without proper evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Kenna
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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90
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Thomas M, Alegre-Abarrategui J, Wade-Martins R. RNA dysfunction and aggrephagy at the centre of an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/frontotemporal dementia disease continuum. Brain 2013; 136:1345-60. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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91
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Dingerdissen H, Motwani M, Karagiannis K, Simonyan V, Mazumder R. Proteome-wide analysis of nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variations in active sites of human proteins. FEBS J 2013; 280:1542-62. [PMID: 23350563 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme's active site is essential to normal protein activity such that any disruptions at this site may lead to dysfunction and disease. Nonsynonymous single-nucleotide variations (nsSNVs), which alter the amino acid sequence, are one type of disruption that can alter the active site. When this occurs, it is assumed that enzyme activity will vary because of the criticality of the site to normal protein function. We integrate nsSNV data and active site annotations from curated resources to identify all active-site-impacting nsSNVs in the human genome and search for all pathways observed to be associated with this data set to assess the likely consequences. We find that there are 934 unique nsSNVs that occur at the active sites of 559 proteins. Analysis of the nsSNV data shows an over-representation of arginine and an under-representation of cysteine, phenylalanine and tyrosine when comparing the list of nsSNV-impacted active site residues with the list of all possible proteomic active site residues, implying a potential bias for or against variation of these residues at the active site. Clustering analysis shows an abundance of hydrolases and transferases. Pathway and functional analysis shows several pathways over- or under-represented in the data set, with the most significantly affected pathways involved in carbohydrate metabolism. We provide a table of 32 variation-substrate/product pairs that can be used in targeted metabolomics experiments to assay the effects of specific variations. In addition, we report the significant prevalence of aspartic acid to histidine variation in eight proteins associated with nine diseases including glycogen storage diseases, lacrimo-auriculo-dento-digital syndrome, Parkinson's disease and several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Dingerdissen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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92
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Prediction of functional loss of human angiogenin mutants associated with ALS by molecular dynamics simulations. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1225. [PMID: 23393617 PMCID: PMC3566597 DOI: 10.1038/srep01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several missense mutations in the coding region of angiogenin (ANG) gene have been identified in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients. These mutations lead to loss of either ribonucleolytic activity or nuclear translocation activity or both of ANG (protein encoded by ANG gene) causing ALS. We present here a cohesive and comprehensive picture of the molecular origins of functional loss of all ALS associated ANG mutants, emerging via extensive molecular dynamics simulations. Our method effectively predicts that conformational change of His114 results in loss of ribonucleolytic activity and that reduction of solvent accessible surface area of nuclear localization signal residues 31RRR33 results in loss of nuclear translocation activity. These predictions hold true, without exception, for all ANG mutants studied and can be employed to infer whether a new ANG mutation is causative of ALS or benign ahead of experimental findings.
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93
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Steidinger TU, Slone SR, Ding H, Standaert DG, Yacoubian TA. Angiogenin in Parkinson disease models: role of Akt phosphorylation and evaluation of AAV-mediated angiogenin expression in MPTP treated mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56092. [PMID: 23409128 PMCID: PMC3567051 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The angiogenic factor, angiogenin, has been recently linked to both Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson Disease (PD). We have recently shown that endogenous angiogenin levels are dramatically reduced in an alpha-synuclein mouse model of PD and that exogenous angiogenin protects against cell loss in neurotoxin-based cellular models of PD. Here, we extend our studies to examine whether activation of the prosurvival Akt pathway is required for angiogenin's neuroprotective effects against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), as observed in ALS models, and to test the effect of virally-mediated overexpression of angiogenin in an in vivo PD model. Using a dominant negative Akt construct, we demonstrate that inhibition of the Akt pathway does not reduce the protective effect of angiogenin against MPP+ toxicity in the dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cell line. Furthermore, an ALS-associated mutant of angiogenin, K40I, which fails to induce Akt phosphorylation, was similar to wildtype angiogenin in protection against MPP+. These results confirm previous work showing neuroprotective effects of angiogenin against MPP+, and indicate that Akt is not required for this protective effect. We also investigated whether adeno-associated viral serotype 2 (AAV2)-mediated overexpression of angiogenin protects against dopaminergic neuron loss in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model. We found that angiogenin overexpression using this approach does not reduce the MPTP-induced degeneration of dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra, nor limit the depletion of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum. Together, these findings extend the evidence for protective effects of angiogenin in vitro, but also suggest that further study of in vivo models is required to translate these effects into meaningful therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent U. Steidinger
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Sunny R. Slone
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Huiping Ding
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - David G. Standaert
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Talene A. Yacoubian
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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94
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Structural and molecular insights into the mechanism of action of human angiogenin-ALS variants in neurons. Nat Commun 2013; 3:1121. [PMID: 23047679 PMCID: PMC3493651 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in angiogenin (ANG), a member of the ribonuclease A superfamily, are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; sporadic and familial) and Parkinson's disease. We have previously shown that ANG is expressed in neurons during neuro-ectodermal differentiation, and that it has both neurotrophic and neuroprotective functions. Here we report the atomic resolution structure of native ANG and 11 ANG-ALS variants. We correlate the structural changes to the effects on neuronal survival and the ability to induce stress granules in neuronal cell lines. ANG-ALS variants that affect the structure of the catalytic site and either decrease or increase the RNase activity affect neuronal survival. Neuronal cell lines expressing the ANG-ALS variants also lack the ability to form stress granules. Our structure–function studies on these ANG-ALS variants are the first to provide insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying their role in ALS. Mutations in human angiogenin are implicated in the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Thiyagarajan and colleagues show that structural differences between angiogenin variants affect neuronal survival, and the ability to induce stress granules in neuronal cell lines.
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Higashida K, Tsukie T, Fukazawa H, Fujikura M, Ono S. Immunohistochemical studies of angiogenin in the skin of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2013; 326:18-23. [PMID: 23351638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2013.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenin (ANG) is a member of the ribonuclease superfamily which is implicated in angiogenesis. ANG maintains normal vasculature and thereby protects motor neurons from various stress conditions. It is suggested that ANG may play a role in pathomechanism of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, there have been no studies of ANG in ALS skin. We made a quantitative immunohistochemical study of the expression of ANG in the skin from 20 patients with sporadic ALS, 20 patients with other neurologic or muscular disorders (control group A), and 20 patients without neurologic or muscular disorders (control group B). The nuclei of the epidermal cells showed a weak ANG immunoreactivity in ALS patients. These findings became more marked as ALS progressed. The optical density for ANG immunoreactivity of the nucleus in the epidermal cells in ALS patients was significantly lower (p<0.001) than in control groups A and B. There was a significant negative relationship (r=-0.82, p<0.001) between the optical density for ANG immunoreactivity of the nucleus and duration of illness in ALS patients. These data suggest that changes of ANG in ALS skin are related to the disease process and that metabolic alterations of ANG may take place in the skin of ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Higashida
- Department of Neurology, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, 3426-3 Anesaki, Ichihara, Japan
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96
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Iyer S, Holloway DE, Acharya KR. Crystal structures of murine angiogenin-2 and -3-probing 'structure--function' relationships amongst angiogenin homologues. FEBS J 2012; 280:302-18. [PMID: 23170778 PMCID: PMC3572582 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenin (Ang) is a potent inducer of neovascularization. Point mutations in human Ang have been linked to cancer progression and two neurodegenerative diseases: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. Intensive structural and functional analyses of Ang have been paramount in assigning functions to this novel homologue of bovine pancreatic RNase A. However, inhibitor-binding studies with crystalline Ang (for designing potential anti-cancer drugs) have been hampered as a result of the inaccessibility of the active site. Experiments with the murine homologues of Ang have not only overcome the obvious practical limitations encountered when studying the role of a human protein in healthy individuals, but also the crystal structures of murine angiogenins (mAng and mAng-4) have revealed themselves to have greater potential for the visualization of small-molecule inhibitor binding at the active site. In the present study, we report the crystal structures of two more murine Ang paralogues, mAng-2 and mAng-3, at 1.6 and 1.8 Å resolution, respectively. These constitute the first crystal structures of an Ang with a zinc ion bound at the active site and provide some insight into the possible mode of inhibition of the ribonucleolytic activity of the enzyme by these divalent cations. Both structures show that the residues forming the putative P1, B1 and B2 subsites occupy positions similar to their counterparts in human Ang and are likely to have conserved roles. However, a less obtrusive conformation of the C-terminal segment in mAng-3 and the presence of a sulfate ion in the B1 subsite of mAng-2 suggest that these proteins have the potential to be used for inhibitor-binding studies. We also discuss the biological relevance of the structural similarities and differences between the different Ang homologues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Iyer
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of BathUK
| | | | - K Ravi Acharya
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of BathUK
- Correspondence K. Ravi Acharya, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK Fax: +44 (0) 1225 386 779 Tel: +44 (0) 1225 386 238 E-mail:
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97
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Aparicio-Erriu IM, Prehn JHM. Molecular Mechanisms in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The Role of Angiogenin, a Secreted RNase. Front Neurosci 2012. [PMID: 23181008 PMCID: PMC3500830 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by the loss of motoneurons. The precise molecular and cellular basis for neuronal death is not yet well established, but the contemporary view is that it is a culmination of multiple aberrant biological processes. Among the proposed mechanisms of motoneuron degeneration, alterations in the homeostasis of RNA binding proteins (RBP) and the consequent changes in RNA metabolism have received attention recently. The ribonuclease, angiogenin was one of the first RBPs associated with familial and sporadic ALS. It is enriched in motoneurons under physiological conditions, and is required for motoneuron survival under stress conditions. Furthermore, delivery of angiogenin protects cultured motoneurons against stress-induced injury, and significantly increases the survival of motoneurons in SODG93A mice. In this overview on the role of angiogenin in RNA metabolism and in the control of motoneuron survival, we discuss potential pathogenic mechanisms of angiogenin dysfunction relevant to ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders. We also discuss recent evidence demonstrating that angiogenin secreted from stressed motoneurons may alter RNA metabolism in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela M Aparicio-Erriu
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Centre for the Study of Neurological Disorders, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin, Ireland
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98
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van Blitterswijk M, Vlam L, van Es MA, van der Pol WL, Hennekam EAM, Dooijes D, Schelhaas HJ, van der Kooi AJ, de Visser M, Veldink JH, van den Berg LH. Genetic overlap between apparently sporadic motor neuron diseases. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48983. [PMID: 23155438 PMCID: PMC3498376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are devastating motor neuron diseases (MNDs), which result in muscle weakness and/or spasticity. We compared mutation frequencies in genes known to be associated with MNDs between patients with apparently sporadic PMA and ALS. A total of 261 patients with adult-onset sporadic PMA, patients with sporadic ALS, and control subjects of Dutch descent were obtained at national referral centers for neuromuscular diseases in The Netherlands. Sanger sequencing was used to screen these subjects for mutations in the coding regions of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), angiogenin (ANG), fused in sarcoma/translated in liposarcoma (FUS/TLS), TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TARDBP), and multivesicular body protein 2B (CHMP2B). In our cohort of PMA patients we identified two SOD1 mutations (p.D90A, p.I113T), one ANG mutation (p.K17I), one FUS/TLS mutation (p.R521H), one TARDBP mutation (p.N352S), and one novel CHMP2B mutation (p.R69Q). The mutation frequency of these genes was similar in sporadic PMA (2.7%) and ALS (2.0%) patients, and therefore, our findings demonstrate a genetic overlap between apparently sporadic PMA and ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marka van Blitterswijk
- Department of Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Lotte Vlam
- Department of Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michael A. van Es
- Department of Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - W-Ludo van der Pol
- Department of Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eric A. M. Hennekam
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis Dooijes
- Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helenius J. Schelhaas
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke J. van der Kooi
- Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marianne de Visser
- Department of Neurology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H. Veldink
- Department of Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leonard H. van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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99
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Ribonuclease 4 protects neuron degeneration by promoting angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and neuronal survival under stress. Angiogenesis 2012; 16:387-404. [PMID: 23143660 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-012-9322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Altered RNA processing is an underlying mechanism of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Missense mutations in a number of genes involved in RNA function and metabolisms are associated with ALS. Among these genes is angiogenin (ANG), the fifth member of the vertebrate-specific, secreted ribonuclease superfamily. ANG is an angiogenic ribonuclease, and both its angiogenic and ribonucleolytic activities are important for motor neuron health. Ribonuclease 4 (RNASE4), the fourth member of this superfamily, shares the same promoters with ANG and is co-expressed with ANG. However, the biological role of RNASE4 is unknown. To determine whether RNASE4 is involved in ALS pathogenesis, we sequenced the coding region of RNASE4 in ALS and control subjects and characterized the angiogenic, neurogenic, and neuroprotective activities of RNASE4 protein. We identified an allelic association of SNP rs3748338 with ALS and demonstrated that RNASE4 protein is able to induce angiogenesis in in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays. RNASE4 also induces neural differentiation of P19 mouse embryonal carcinoma cells and mouse embryonic stem cells. Moreover, RNASE4 not only stimulates the formation of neurofilaments from mouse embryonic cortical neurons, but also protects hypothermia-induced degeneration. Importantly, systemic treatment with RNASE4 protein slowed weight loss and enhanced neuromuscular function of SOD1 (G93A) mice.
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100
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Cozzolino M, Pesaresi MG, Gerbino V, Grosskreutz J, Carrì MT. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: new insights into underlying molecular mechanisms and opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1277-330. [PMID: 22413952 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a renewed interest in the pathogenic mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a late-onset progressive degeneration of motor neurons. The discovery of new genes associated with the familial form of the disease, along with a deeper insight into pathways already described for this disease, has led scientists to reconsider previous postulates. While protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage, defective axonal transport, and excitotoxicity have not been dismissed, they need to be re-examined as contributors to the onset or progression of ALS in the light of the current knowledge that the mutations of proteins involved in RNA processing, apparently unrelated to the previous "old partners," are causative of the same phenotype. Thus, newly envisaged models and tools may offer unforeseen clues on the etiology of this disease and hopefully provide the key to treatment.
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