51
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Chirality and dendrimers; the issue of chiral recognition at the nanoscopic level. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19950980139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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52
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Häußling L, Knoll W, Ringsdorf H, Schmitt FJ, Yang J. Surface functionalization and surface recognition: Plasmon optical detection of molecular recognition at self assembled monolayers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19910460118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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53
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Willerich I, Gröhn F. Photoswitchable nanoassemblies by electrostatic self-assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 49:8104-8. [PMID: 20799308 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Immanuel Willerich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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54
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Sun T, Li Y, Zhang H, Li J, Xin F, Kong L, Hao A. pH-reversible vesicles based on the “supramolecular amphiphilies” formed by cyclodextrin and anthraquinone derivate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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55
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Scheibe P, Schoenhentz J, Platen T, Hoffmann-Röder A, Zentel R. Langmuir-Blodgett films of fluorinated glycolipids and polymerizable lipids and their phase separating behavior. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:18246-18255. [PMID: 21058675 DOI: 10.1021/la1029917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the phase separating behavior of Langmuir monolayers from mixtures of different lipids that (i) either carry already a glycopeptide recognition site or can be easily modified to carry one and (ii) polymerizable lipids. To ensure demixing during compression, we used fluorinated lipids for the biological headgroups and hydrocarbon based lipids as polymerizable lipids. As a representative for a lipid monomer, which can be polymerized in the hydrophilic headgroup, a methacrylic monomer was used. As a monomer, which can be polymerized in the hydrophobic tail, a lipid with a diacetylene unit was used (pentacosadiynoic acid, PDA). The fluorinated lipids were on the one hand a perfluorinated lipid with three chains and on the other hand a partially fluorinated lipid with a T(N)-antigen headgroup. The macroscopic phase separation was observed by Brewster angle microscopy, whereas the phase separation on the nanoscale level was observed by atomic force microscopy. It turned out that all lipid mixtures showed (at least) a partial miscibility of the hydrocarbon compounds in the fluorinated compounds. This is positive for pattern formation, as it allows the formation of small demixed 2D patterned structures during crystallization from the homogeneous phase. For miscibility especially a liquid analogue phase proved to be advantageous. As lipid 3 with three fluorinated lipid chains (very stable monolayer) is miscible with the polymerizable lipids 1 and 2, it was mostly used for further investigations. For all three lipid mixtures, a phase separation on both the micrometer and the nanometer level was observed. The size of the crystalline domains could be controlled not only by varying the surface pressure but also by varying the molar composition of the mixtures. Furthermore, we showed that the binary mixture can be stabilized via UV polymerization. After polymerization and subsequent expansion of the barriers, the locked-in polymerized structures are stable even at low surface pressures (10 mN/m), where the unpolymerized mixture did not show any segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Scheibe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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56
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Weijnen JGJ, Koudijs A, Tap PGJA, Engbersen JFJ. Hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl esters of picolinic acid and N-protected amino acids by metalloenzyme models in vesicular assemblies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/recl.19931121003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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57
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Meister WV, Ladhoff AM, Kargov SI, Burckhardt G, Luck G, Hoffmann S. Flüssigkristalline hochmolekulare DNA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zfch.19900300606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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58
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Thondorf I, Lichtenberger O, Hoffmann S. Flüssigkristalline Polyribonucleotide - System Poly(U). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/zfch.19900300506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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59
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Willerich I, Gröhn F. Photoschaltbare Nanostrukturen durch elektrostatische Selbstorganisation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201003271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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60
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Dergunov SA, Kesterson K, Li W, Wang Z, Pinkhassik E. Synthesis, Characterization, and Long-Term Stability of Hollow Polymer Nanocapsules with Nanometer-Thin Walls. Macromolecules 2010; 43:7785-7792. [PMID: 21423872 DOI: 10.1021/ma1012418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hollow polymer nanocapsules are produced by the polymerization within hydrophobic interior of lipid bilayers that act as temporary self-assembled scaffolds. Pore-forming templates are co-dissolved with monomers in the bilayers to create pores with controlled size and chemical environment. Polymerization was monitored with UV spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. High resolution magic angle spinning NMR characterization provided detailed structural information about nanocapsules. Spherical shape was confirmed by electron microscopy. Medium-sized molecules can be entrapped within porous nanocapsules. No release of encapsulated molecules was observed within 240 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Dergunov
- Institute for Nanomaterials Development and Innovation (INDIUM) and Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, 213 Smith Chemistry Building, Memphis, Tennessee 38152-3550
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61
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Domes S, Filiz V, Nitsche J, Frömsdorf A, Förster S. Covalent attachment of polymersomes to surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:6927-6931. [PMID: 20355708 DOI: 10.1021/la904175u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We show that vesicles made of block copolymers with aldehyde end groups can be covalently attached to aminated and non-aminated, untreated glass surfaces. The attached vesicles were sufficiently stable to allow a detailed investigation of vesicle shapes by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and AFM in aqueous solutions allowing reconstruction of 3D images of the vesicle structure. Covalently attached PCL-PEO, PLA-PEO, and PI-PEO block copolymer vesicles have different footprint areas and different shapes due to their differences in bilayer stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Domes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
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62
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de Gracia Lux C, Gallani JL, Waton G, Krafft M. Compression of Self-Assembled Nano-Objects: 2D/3D Transitions in Films of (Perfluoroalkyl)Alkanes-Persistence of an Organized Array of Surface Micelles. Chemistry 2010; 16:7186-98. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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63
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Rietz R, Brezesinski G, Möhwald H. Separation of Enantiomers in a Monolayer of Racemic 3-Hexadecyl-oxy-propane-1,2-diol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19930971036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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64
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Rulkens R, Wegner G, Enkelmann V, Schulze M. Rigid-rod polyelectrolytes based on poly(p-phenylene sulfonic acid). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19961000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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65
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Diele S. Structure and Intermolecular Interaction in Liquid Crystalline Mixed Phases. Progress Report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19930971023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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66
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67
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Ghosh A, Choudhury S, Das A. Vesicle Formation from an Amphiphilic Porphyrin Derivative at the Air-Water Interface. Chem Asian J 2010; 5:352-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.200900329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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68
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Wang C, Guo Y, Wang Y, Xu H, Wang R, Zhang X. Supramolecular amphiphiles based on a water-soluble charge-transfer complex: fabrication of ultralong nanofibers with tunable straightness. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:8962-5. [PMID: 19842150 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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69
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Rother M, Barqawi H, Pfefferkorn D, Kressler J, Binder WH. Synthesis and Organization of Three-Arm-Star PIB-PEO Block Copolymers at the Air/Water Interface: Langmuir- and Langmuir-Blodgett Film Investigations. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200900435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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70
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Wang C, Guo Y, Wang Y, Xu H, Wang R, Zhang X. Supramolecular Amphiphiles Based on a Water-Soluble Charge-Transfer Complex: Fabrication of Ultralong Nanofibers with Tunable Straightness. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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71
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Li G, Fudickar W, Skupin M, Klyszcz A, Draeger C, Lauer M, Fuhrhop JH. Rigid lipid membranes and nanometer clefts: motifs for the creation of molecular landscapes. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (INTERNATIONAL ED. IN ENGLISH) 2009; 41:1828-52. [PMID: 19750613 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020603)41:11<1828::aid-anie1828>3.0.co;2-#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic lipids associate in water spontaneously to form micelles, vesicles, monolayers, or biological membranes. These aggregates are soft and their shape can be changed easily. They behave like complex fluids because they are merely held together by weak, nondirected forces. The most important characteristic of these monolayers is their ability to dissolve hydrophobic molecules in the form of freely movable monomers. The fluid molecular layers are not suitable to anchor the components of chain reactions. However, if the alkyl chains are replaced by rigid skeletons or if the head groups are connected through intermolecular interactions, the aggregates become rigid and their fluid solvent character is lost. The construction of chiral surfaces by synkinesis (synthesis of noncovalent compounds) and of enzyme-type surface clefts of defined size can now be carried out by using rigid lipid membranes. Monolayers and nanometer pores on solid substrates attain sharp edges, and upright nanometer columns on smooth surfaces no longer dissipate. Five examples illustrate the advantages of using rigid molecular assemblies: 1) Cationic domains of rigid edge amphiphiles in fluid membranes act as manipulable ion channels. 2) Spherical micelles, micellar helical fibers, and vesicular tubes can be dried and stored as stable material. Molecular landscapes form on smooth surfaces. 3) alpha,omega-Diamide bolaamphiphiles form rigid nanometer-thick walls on smooth surfaces and these barriers cannot be penetrated by amines. Around steroids and porphyrins, they form rigid nanometer clefts whose walls and water-filled centers can be functionalized. 4) The structure of rigid oligophenylene- and quinone monolayers on electrodes can be changed drastically and reversibly by changing the potential. 5) 10(10) Porphyrin cones on a 1-cm2 gold electrode can be controlled individually by AFM- and STM-tips and investigated by electrochemical, photochemical, and mechanical means. In summary, rigid monolayers and bilayers allow the formation of a great variety of membrane structures that cannot be obtained from classical fluid alkyl amphiphiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtao Li
- Institut für Chemie/Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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72
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Basilio N, GarcÃa-RÃo L. Sulfonated Calix[6]arene HostâGuest Complexes Induce Surfactant Self-Assembly. Chemistry 2009; 15:9315-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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73
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Jose DA, Stadlbauer S, König B. Polydiacetylene-based colorimetric self-assembled vesicular receptors for biological phosphate ion recognition. Chemistry 2009; 15:7404-12. [PMID: 19551781 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled vesicular polydiacetylene (PDA) particles with embedded metal complex receptor sites have been prepared. The particles respond to the presence of ATP and PPi (pyrophosphate) in buffered aqueous solution by visible changes of their color and emission properties. Blue PDA vesicles of uniform size of about 200 nm were obtained upon UV irradiation from mono- and dinuclear zinc(II)-cyclen and iminodiacetato copper [Cu(II)-IDA] modified diacetylenes, embedded in amphiphilic diacetylene monomers. Addition of ATP and PPi to the PDA vesicle solution induces a color change from blue to red observable by the naked eye. The binding of ATP and PPi changes the emission intensity. Other anions such as ADP, AMP, H2PO4-, CH3COO-, F-, Cl-, Br- and I-, failed to induce any spectral changes. The zinc(II)-cyclen nanoparticles are useful for the facile detection of PPi and ATP in millimolar concentrations in neutral aqueous solutions, while Cu(II)-IDA modified vesicular PDA receptors are able to selectively discriminate between ATP and PPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Amilan Jose
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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74
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Sakamoto J, van Heijst J, Lukin O, Schlüter AD. Two-dimensional polymers: just a dream of synthetic chemists? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1030-69. [PMID: 19130514 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 484] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In light of the considerable impact synthetic 2D polymers are expected to have on many fundamental and applied aspects of the natural and engineering sciences, it is surprising that little research has been carried out on these intriguing macromolecules. Although numerous approaches have been reported over the last several decades, the synthesis of a one monomer unit thick, covalently bonded molecular sheet with a long-range ordered (periodic) internal structure has yet to be achieved. This Review provides an overview of these approaches and an analysis of how to synthesize 2D polymers. This analysis compares polymerizations in (initially) a homogeneous phase with those at interfaces and considers structural aspects of monomers as well as possibly preferred connection modes. It also addresses issues such as shrinkage as well as domain and crack formation, and briefly touches upon how the chances for a successful structural analysis of the final product can possibly be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Sakamoto
- Department of Materials, HCI J 541, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang Pauli Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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75
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Kimura M, Nakano Y, Adachi N, Tatewaki Y, Shirai H, Kobayashi N. Intramolecular Axial Ligation of Zinc Porphyrin Cores with Triazole Links within Dendrimers. Chemistry 2009; 15:2617-24. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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76
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77
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Control of H- and J-Type π Stacking by Peripheral Alkyl Chains and Self-Sorting Phenomena in Perylene Bisimide Homo- and Heteroaggregates. Chemistry 2008; 14:11343-57. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 383] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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78
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Wang C, Yin S, Chen S, Xu H, Wang Z, Zhang X. Controlled Self-Assembly Manipulated by Charge-Transfer Interactions: From Tubes to Vesicles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200803361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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79
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Wang C, Yin S, Chen S, Xu H, Wang Z, Zhang X. Controlled Self-Assembly Manipulated by Charge-Transfer Interactions: From Tubes to Vesicles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:9049-52. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200803361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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80
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Barz M, Tarantola M, Fischer K, Schmidt M, Luxenhofer R, Janshoff A, Theato P, Zentel R. From Defined Reactive Diblock Copolymers to Functional HPMA-Based Self-Assembled Nanoaggregates. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:3114-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bm800684b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Barz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Welderweg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5830
| | - M. Tarantola
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Welderweg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5830
| | - K. Fischer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Welderweg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5830
| | - M. Schmidt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Welderweg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5830
| | - R. Luxenhofer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Welderweg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5830
| | - A. Janshoff
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Welderweg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5830
| | - P. Theato
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Welderweg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5830
| | - R. Zentel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55099 Mainz, Germany, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Welderweg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-5830
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81
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Krack M, Hohenberg H, Kornowski A, Lindner P, Weller H, Förster S. Nanoparticle-loaded magnetophoretic vesicles. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:7315-20. [PMID: 18484723 DOI: 10.1021/ja077398k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic nanoparticles have been assembled into the bilayer membrane of block copolymer vesicles. The nanoparticles decorate the hydrophobic/hydrophilic interface, which leads to bridging of adjacent bilayers and the formation of oligo-lamellar vesicles. The nanoparticle uptake of the vesicles is sufficiently high to become magnetophoretic in external magnetic fields as shown by video microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Krack
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany
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82
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Frauenrath H, Jahnke E. A General Concept for the Preparation of Hierarchically Structured π-Conjugated Polymers. Chemistry 2008; 14:2942-55. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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83
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Chiu HC, Lin YW, Huang YF, Chuang CK, Chern CS. Polymer Vesicles Containing Small Vesicles within Interior Aqueous Compartments and pH-Responsive Transmembrane Channels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:1875-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200704078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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84
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Chiu HC, Lin YW, Huang YF, Chuang CK, Chern CS. Polymer Vesicles Containing Small Vesicles within Interior Aqueous Compartments and pH-Responsive Transmembrane Channels. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200704078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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85
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Yoshikawa I, Sawayama J, Araki K. Highly Stable Giant Supramolecular Vesicles Composed of 2D Hydrogen-Bonded Sheet Structures of Guanosine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200704535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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86
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Highly Stable Giant Supramolecular Vesicles Composed of 2D Hydrogen-Bonded Sheet Structures of Guanosine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:1038-41. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200704535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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87
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Katagiri K, Hashizume M, Ariga K, Terashima T, Kikuchi JI. Preparation and characterization of a novel organic-inorganic nanohybrid "cerasome" formed with a liposomal membrane and silicate surface. Chemistry 2007; 13:5272-81. [PMID: 17407115 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A novel class of organic-inorganic hybrids, the so-called cerasomes, which have a bilayer vesicular structure and a silicate surface, has been synthesized by combination of sol-gel reaction and self-assembly of organoalkoxysilanes with a molecular structure analogous to lipids. We have synthesized two cerasome-forming organoalkoxysilanes, N-[N-(3-triethoxysilyl)propylsuccinamoyl]dihexadecylamine (1) and N,N-dihexadecyl-N (alpha)-[6-[(3-triethoxysilyl)propyldimethylammonio]hexanoyl]glycinamide bromide (2), and investigated the synthetic conditions of the cerasomes and their structural characteristics. For the proamphiphilic 1, the cerasome was obtained under restricted pH conditions where acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the triethoxysilyl moiety proceeded without disturbing the vesicle formation. In contrast, the amphiphilic 2, additionally having a hydrophilic quaternary ammonium group, formed stable dispersions of the cerasome in a wide pH range. The hydrolysis behavior of the triethoxysilyl groups was monitored by (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Morphology of the cerasomes having the liposomal vesicular structure was confirmed by TEM observations. Extent of the development of siloxane networks through condensation among the silanol groups on the cerasome surface was evaluated by using MALDI-TOF-MS spectrometry. Formation of oligomers of the cerasome-forming lipids in the vesicle was clearly confirmed. Due to the siloxane network formation, the cerasome showed remarkably high morphological stability compared with a reference liposome, as evaluated by surfactant dissolution measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyofumi Katagiri
- Graduate School of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
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88
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Türk H, Shukla A, Alves Rodrigues PC, Rehage H, Haag R. Water-soluble dendritic core-shell-type architectures based on polyglycerol for solubilization of hydrophobic drugs. Chemistry 2007; 13:4187-96. [PMID: 17310496 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Since many potential drugs are poorly water soluble, there is a high demand for solubilization agents. Here, we describe the synthesis of dendritic core-shell-type architectures based on hyperbranched polyglycerol for the solubilization of hydrophobic drugs. Amphiphilic macromolecules containing hydrophobic biphenyl groups in the core were synthesized in an efficient three- or four-step procedure by employing Suzuki-coupling reactions. These species were then used to solubilize the commercial drug nimodipine, a calcium antagonist used for the treatment of heart diseases and neurological deficits. Pyrene was also used as a hydrophobic model compound. It turned out that the transport properties of the dendritic polyglycerol derivatives, which are based on hydrophobic host-guest interactions, depend strongly on the degree and type of core functionalization. In the case of the multifunctional nimodipine, additional specific polymer-drug interactions could be tailored by this flexible core design, as detected by UV spectroscopy. The enhancement of solubilization increased 300-fold for nimodipine and 6000-fold for pyrene at a polymer concentration of 10 wt%. The sizes of the polymer-drug complexes were determined by both dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and extremely well-defined aggregates with diameters of approximately 10 nm in the presence of a drug were observed. These findings together with a low critical aggregate concentration of 4x10(-6) mol L-1 indicate the controlled self-assembly of the presented amphiphilic dendritic core-shell-type architectures rather than a unimolecular transport behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Türk
- Organic Polymer Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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89
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Tuckermann R, Bauerecker S, Cammenga HK. Generation and characterization of surface layers on acoustically levitated drops. J Colloid Interface Sci 2007; 310:559-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2007.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2006] [Revised: 01/29/2007] [Accepted: 02/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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90
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Wang Y, Ma N, Wang Z, Zhang X. Photocontrolled Reversible Supramolecular Assemblies of an Azobenzene-Containing Surfactant with α-Cyclodextrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:2823-6. [PMID: 17348049 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 418] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yapei Wang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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91
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Wang Y, Ma N, Wang Z, Zhang X. Photocontrolled Reversible Supramolecular Assemblies of an Azobenzene-Containing Surfactant with α-Cyclodextrin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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92
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Urban S, Wurflinger A. Dielectric Properties of Liquid Crystals Under High Pressure. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141571.ch2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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93
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94
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Zhou W, Li Y, Zhu D. Progress in Polydiacetylene Nanowires by Self-Assembly and SelfPolymerization. Chem Asian J 2007; 2:222-9. [PMID: 17441156 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200600218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been immense interest in studying nanoscale aggregate structures derived from various polydiacetylenes (PDAs). The motivation for this is not only to understand the fundamental aggregate structures at different scales, but also to explore their potential for future technological applications. PDAs have been made sensitive to external stimuli such as light and chemical entities by incorporating a spectroscopically active moiety or a receptor unit as the head group of the PDA molecule. This makes them suitable for applications such as sensing and actuating. Furthermore, owing to the delocalization of pi-conjugated electrons, PDAs have been exploited as good candidates for organic nonlinear optical materials. This Focus Review highlights some of the instructive work done by various groups to develop well-defined one-dimensional assembly systems with a highly structural aspect ratio, which can be directly imaged by microscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Center for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beiijng, 100080, China
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95
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Orynbayeva Z, Kolusheva S, Livneh E, Lichtenshtein A, Nathan I, Jelinek R. Visualization of membrane processes in living cells by surface-attached chromatic polymer patches. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 44:1092-1096. [PMID: 15643663 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200462393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zulfiya Orynbayeva
- Ilse Katz Center for Meso- and Nano-Scale Science and Technology and Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva 84105, Israel, Fax: (+972) 8-647-2943
| | - Sofiya Kolusheva
- Ilse Katz Center for Meso- and Nano-Scale Science and Technology and Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva 84105, Israel, Fax: (+972) 8-647-2943
| | - Etta Livneh
- Immunology and Microbiology, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva 84105, Israel
| | - Alexandra Lichtenshtein
- Clinical Biochemistry, Ben Gurion University and Soroka University Medical Center, Beersheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ilana Nathan
- Clinical Biochemistry, Ben Gurion University and Soroka University Medical Center, Beersheva 84105, Israel
| | - Raz Jelinek
- Ilse Katz Center for Meso- and Nano-Scale Science and Technology and Department of Chemistry, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva 84105, Israel, Fax: (+972) 8-647-2943
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96
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Azzam T, Eisenberg A. Control of Vesicular Morphologies through Hydrophobic Block Length. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:7443-7. [PMID: 17031894 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200602897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tony Azzam
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, PQ, H3A2K6, Canada
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97
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Azzam T, Eisenberg A. Control of Vesicular Morphologies through Hydrophobic Block Length. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200602897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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98
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Bury I, Heinrich B, Bourgogne C, Guillon D, Donnio B. Supramolecular Self-Organization of “Janus-like” Diblock Codendrimers: Synthesis, Thermal Behavior, and Phase Structure Modeling. Chemistry 2006; 12:8396-413. [PMID: 16892472 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report on the design and synthesis of three series of segmented amphiphilic block codendrimers, and on their self-organizing behavior in liquid-crystalline mesophases. Connecting two prefunctionalized monodendrons, each differing in their chemical constitution and generation number, yielded these diblock supermolecules. One wedge of the codendrimer was made hydrophobic, and is based on a branched poly(benzyl ether) monodendron functionalized at the periphery by lipophilic aliphatic fragments (also known as Percec dendrons). The other segment was made hydrophilic by the grafting of hydroxyl-containing moieties onto the focal functions of the former dendrons. Both types of dendrons were prepared independently by convergent methods and then joined in the ultimate stage of the synthetic procedure by cross-coupling reactions. In this way, the proportion of the dendritic blocks was varied independently to allow control of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance (HHB), the hydrogen-bonding ability, and consequently the capacity to tune the mesomorphic properties of the resulting "superamphiphiles" was anticipated. Essentially all the dendritic compounds display a thermotropic mesomorphism directly at or near room temperature as determined by using X-ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The nature and the supramolecular organization of the mesophases, namely columnar and cubic phases, are correlated to the size of the respective block monodendrons and the chemical structures of the dendromesogens. The molecular organization within the cubic phases can be geometrically described and well understood by the space-filling polyhedron model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Bury
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Groupe des Matériaux Organiques, UMR 7504-CNRS/Université Louis Pasteur, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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99
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Höpken J, Faulstich S, Möller M. Synthesis and Mesoscopic Organization of Perfluoroalkyl-Alkylene Methacrylate Monomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10587259208030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Höpken
- a Department of Chemical Technology , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE , Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Faulstich
- a Department of Chemical Technology , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE , Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Martin Möller
- a Department of Chemical Technology , University of Twente , P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE , Enschede , The Netherlands
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100
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Rumplecker A, Förster S, Zähres M, Mayer C. Molecular exchange through vesicle membranes: a pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance study. J Chem Phys 2006; 120:8740-7. [PMID: 15267805 DOI: 10.1063/1.1697378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The permeability of block copolymer vesicles is studied using pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy together with a numerical data analysis procedure. Polyethylene oxide molecules of various molecular masses are used to sample the permeability of the vesicle membrane by observing the trans-membrane exchange process under equilibrium conditions. For shorter polyethylene oxide chains, the analysis yields a nearly linear dependence of the logarithmic trans-membrane exchange rate on the hydrodynamic radius of the sample molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Rumplecker
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany
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