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Pavan AR, Silva GDBD, Jornada DH, Chiba DE, Fernandes GFDS, Man Chin C, Dos Santos JL. Unraveling the Anticancer Effect of Curcumin and Resveratrol. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8110628. [PMID: 27834913 PMCID: PMC5133053 DOI: 10.3390/nu8110628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol and curcumin are natural products with important therapeutic properties useful to treat several human diseases, including cancer. In the last years, the number of studies describing the effect of both polyphenols against cancer has increased; however, the mechanism of action in all of those cases is not completely comprehended. The unspecific effect and the ability to interfere in assays by both polyphenols make this challenge even more difficult. Herein, we analyzed the anticancer activity of resveratrol and curcumin reported in the literature in the last 11 years, in order to unravel the molecular mechanism of action of both compounds. Molecular targets and cellular pathways will be described. Furthermore, we also discussed the ability of these natural products act as chemopreventive and its use in association with other anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Renata Pavan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara 14800903, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Diego Eidy Chiba
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara 14800903, Brazil.
| | | | - Chung Man Chin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara 14800903, Brazil.
| | - Jean Leandro Dos Santos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara 14800903, Brazil.
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Theppawong A, De Vreese R, Vannecke L, Grootaert C, Van Camp J, D'hooghe M. Synthesis and biological assessment of novel N-(hydroxy/methoxy)alkyl β-enaminone curcuminoids. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5650-5656. [PMID: 27843113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a natural compound extracted from the rhizomes of Curcuma Longa, is known to display pronounced anticancer activity but lacks good pharmacokinetic properties. In that respect, augmenting the water solubility by structural modification of the curcumin scaffold may result in improved bioavailability and pharmacokinetics. A possible scaffold modification, especially important for this study, concerns the imination of the labile β-diketone moiety in curcumin. Previous work revealed that novel N-alkyl β-enaminones showed a similar water solubility as compared to curcumin, accompanied by a stronger anti-proliferative activity. To extend this β-enaminone compound library, new analogues were prepared in this work using more polar amines (hydroxyalkylamines and methoxyalkylamines instead of alkylamines) with the main purpose to improve the water solubility without compromising the biological activity of the resulting curcuminoids. Compared to their respective parent compounds, i.e. curcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, the bisdemethoxycurcumin N-(hydroxy/methoxy)alkyl enaminone analogues showed better water solubility, antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities. In addition, the curcumin enaminones displayed activities comparable to or better than curcumin, and the water solubility was improved significantly. The constructed new analogues may thus be of interest for further exploration concerning their impact on oxidative stress related diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atiruj Theppawong
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rob De Vreese
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lore Vannecke
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Grootaert
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Matthias D'hooghe
- SynBioC Research Group, Department of Sustainable Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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54
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Cancer prevention and therapy through the modulation of transcription factors by bioactive natural compounds. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:35-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Polyphenols are a widely used class of compounds in dermatology. While phenol itself, the most basic member of the phenol family, is chemically synthesized, most polyphenolic compounds are found in plants and form part of their defense mechanism against decomposition. Polyphenolic compounds, which include phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and lignans, play an integral role in preventing the attack on plants by bacteria and fungi, as well as serving as cross-links in plant polymers. There is also mounting evidence that polyphenolic compounds play an important role in human health as well. One of the most important benefits, which puts them in the spotlight of current studies, is their antitumor profile. Some of these polyphenolic compounds have already presented promising results in either in vitro or in vivo studies for non-melanoma skin cancer and melanoma. These compounds act on several biomolecular pathways including cell division cycle arrest, autophagy, and apoptosis. Indeed, such natural compounds may be of potential for both preventive and therapeutic fields of cancer. This review evaluates the existing scientific literature in order to provide support for new research opportunities using polyphenolic compounds in oncodermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Costa
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michael Yi Bonner
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Winship Cancer Institute, 101 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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56
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Mirzaei H, Naseri G, Rezaee R, Mohammadi M, Banikazemi Z, Mirzaei HR, Salehi H, Peyvandi M, Pawelek JM, Sahebkar A. Curcumin: A new candidate for melanoma therapy? Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1683-95. [PMID: 27280688 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma remains among the most lethal cancers and, in spite of great attempts that have been made to increase the life span of patients with metastatic disease, durable and complete remissions are rare. Plants and plant extracts have long been used to treat a variety of human conditions; however, in many cases, effective doses of herbal remedies are associated with serious adverse effects. Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that shows a variety of pharmacological activities including anti-cancer effects, and only minimal adverse effects have been reported for this phytochemical. The anti-cancer effects of curcumin are the result of its anti-angiogenic, pro-apoptotic and immunomodulatory properties. At the molecular and cellular level, curcumin can blunt epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and affect many targets that are involved in melanoma initiation and progression (e.g., BCl2, MAPKS, p21 and some microRNAs). However, curcumin has a low oral bioavailability that may limit its maximal benefits. The emergence of tailored formulations of curcumin and new delivery systems such as nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles and phospholipid complexes has led to the enhancement of curcumin bioavailability. Although in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that curcumin and its analogues can be used as novel therapeutic agents in melanoma, curcumin has not yet been tested against melanoma in clinical practice. In this review, we summarized reported anti-melanoma effects of curcumin as well as studies on new curcumin formulations and delivery systems that show increased bioavailability. Such tailored delivery systems could pave the way for enhancement of the anti-melanoma effects of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Naseri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of pharmaceutical biotechnology, Faculty of pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Zarrin Banikazemi
- Biochemistry of Nutrition Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Peyvandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - John M Pawelek
- Department of Dermatology and the Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Sathe G, Pinto SM, Syed N, Nanjappa V, Solanki HS, Renuse S, Chavan S, Khan AA, Patil AH, Nirujogi RS, Nair B, Mathur PP, Prasad TSK, Gowda H, Chatterjee A. Phosphotyrosine profiling of curcumin-induced signaling. Clin Proteomics 2016; 13:13. [PMID: 27307780 PMCID: PMC4908701 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-016-9114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin, derived from the rhizome Curcuma longa, is a natural anti-cancer agent and has been shown to inhibit proliferation and survival of tumor cells. Although the anti-cancer effects of curcumin are well established, detailed understanding of the signaling pathways altered by curcumin is still lacking. In this study, we carried out SILAC-based quantitative proteomic analysis of a HNSCC cell line (CAL 27) to investigate tyrosine signaling in response to curcumin. RESULTS Using high resolution Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid Fourier transform mass spectrometer, we identified 627 phosphotyrosine sites mapping to 359 proteins. We observed alterations in the level of phosphorylation of 304 sites corresponding to 197 proteins upon curcumin treatment. We report here for the first time, curcumin-induced alterations in the phosphorylation of several kinases including TNK2, FRK, AXL, MAPK12 and phosphatases such as PTPN6, PTPRK, and INPPL1 among others. Pathway analysis revealed that the proteins differentially phosphorylated in response to curcumin are known to be involved in focal adhesion kinase signaling and actin cytoskeleton reorganization. CONCLUSIONS The study indicates that curcumin may regulate cellular processes such as proliferation and migration through perturbation of the focal adhesion kinase pathway. This is the first quantitative phosphoproteomics-based study demonstrating the signaling events that are altered in response to curcumin. Considering the importance of curcumin as an anti-cancer agent, this study will significantly improve the current knowledge of curcumin-mediated signaling in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan Sathe
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, 576104 India
| | - Sneha M Pinto
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575018 India
| | - Nazia Syed
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014 India
| | - Vishalakshi Nanjappa
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita University, Kollam, 690525 India
| | - Hitendra S Solanki
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024 India
| | - Santosh Renuse
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita University, Kollam, 690525 India
| | - Sandip Chavan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, 576104 India
| | - Aafaque Ahmad Khan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024 India
| | - Arun H Patil
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, 751024 India
| | - Raja Sekhar Nirujogi
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014 India
| | - Bipin Nair
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita University, Kollam, 690525 India
| | | | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575018 India.,NIMHANS-IOB Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, 560029 India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575018 India
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Unit I, 7th Floor, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066 India.,YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575018 India
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Jin R, Xia Y, Chen Q, Li W, Chen D, Ye H, Zhao C, Du X, Shi D, Wu J, Liang G. Da0324, an inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB activation, demonstrates selective antitumor activity on human gastric cancer cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:979-95. [PMID: 27042000 PMCID: PMC4780725 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s90081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is constitutively activated in a variety of human cancers, including gastric cancer. NF-κB inhibitors that selectively kill cancer cells are urgently needed for cancer treatment. Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of NF-κB activation. Unfortunately, the therapeutic potential of curcumin is limited by its relatively low potency and poor cellular bioavailability. In this study, we presented a novel NF-κB inhibitor named Da0324, a synthetic asymmetric mono-carbonyl analog of curcumin. The purpose of this study is to research the expression of NF-κB in gastric cancer and the antitumor activity and mechanism of Da0324 on human gastric cancer cells. Methods The expressions between gastric cancer tissues/cells and normal gastric tissues/cells of NF-κB were evaluated by Western blot. The inhibition viability of compounds on human gastric cancer cell lines SGC-7901, BGC-823, MGC-803, and normal gastric mucosa epithelial cell line GES-1 was assessed with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Absorption spectrum method and high-performance liquid chromatography method detected the stability of the compound in vitro. The compound-induced changes of inducible NF-κB activation in the SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells were examined by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence methods. The antitumor activity of compound was performed by clonogenic assay, matrigel invasion assay, flow cytometric analysis, Western blot analysis, and Hoechst 33258 staining assay. Results High levels of p65 were found in gastric cancer tissues and cells. Da0324 displayed higher growth inhibition against several types of gastric cancer cell lines and showed relatively low toxicity to GES-1. Moreover, Da0324 was more stable than curcumin in vitro. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence methods showed that Da0324 blocked NF-κB activation. In addition, Da0324 significantly inhibited tumor proliferation and invasion, arrested the cell cycle, and induced apoptosis in vitro. Conclusion The asymmetric mono-carbonyl analog of curcumin Da0324 exhibited significantly improved antigastric cancer activity. Da0324 may be a promising NF-κB inhibitor for the selective targeting of cancer cells. However, further studies are needed in animals to validate these findings for the therapeutic use of Da0324.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Epidemiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Xia
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxiang Chen
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wulan Li
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China; College of Information Science and Computer Engineering, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahui Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ye
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengguang Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Du
- Department of Digestive Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China; Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dengjian Shi
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhang Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
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Casey SC, Amedei A, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Benencia F, Bhakta D, Bilsland AE, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Crawford S, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Heneberg P, Honoki K, Keith WN, Kerkar SP, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Nowsheen S, Vasantha Rupasinghe HP, Samadi A, Singh N, Talib WH, Venkateswaran V, Whelan RL, Yang X, Felsher DW. Cancer prevention and therapy through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S199-S223. [PMID: 25865775 PMCID: PMC4930000 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer arises in the context of an in vivo tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is both a cause and consequence of tumorigenesis. Tumor and host cells co-evolve dynamically through indirect and direct cellular interactions, eliciting multiscale effects on many biological programs, including cellular proliferation, growth, and metabolism, as well as angiogenesis and hypoxia and innate and adaptive immunity. Here we highlight specific biological processes that could be exploited as targets for the prevention and therapy of cancer. Specifically, we describe how inhibition of targets such as cholesterol synthesis and metabolites, reactive oxygen species and hypoxia, macrophage activation and conversion, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase regulation of dendritic cells, vascular endothelial growth factor regulation of angiogenesis, fibrosis inhibition, endoglin, and Janus kinase signaling emerge as examples of important potential nexuses in the regulation of tumorigenesis and the tumor microenvironment that can be targeted. We have also identified therapeutic agents as approaches, in particular natural products such as berberine, resveratrol, onionin A, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, curcumin, naringenin, desoxyrhapontigenin, piperine, and zerumbone, that may warrant further investigation to target the tumor microenvironment for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Casey
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Fabian Benencia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alan E Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sophie Chen
- Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sarah Crawford
- Department of Biology, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - William G Helferich
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Petr Heneberg
- Charles University in Prague, Third Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sid P Kerkar
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | | | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Neetu Singh
- Advanced Molecular Science Research Centre (Centre for Advanced Research), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wamidh H Talib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science University, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Richard L Whelan
- Mount Sinai Roosevelt Hospital, Icahn Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Xujuan Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign-Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Dean W Felsher
- Division of Oncology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
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60
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Zhao G, Han X, Zheng S, Li Z, Sha Y, Ni J, Sun Z, Qiao S, Song Z. Curcumin induces autophagy, inhibits proliferation and invasion by downregulating AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in human melanoma cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1065-74. [PMID: 26573768 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the foremost malignant cutaneous cancer and it is extremely resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Curcumin is an active component of turmeric, the yellow spice derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa, and is widely known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerogenic properties. Several recent studies suggest that curcumin induces apoptosis by modulating multiple signaling pathways to exert its anticancer effect. In the present study, we investigated the effect of curcumin on the viability, invasion potential, cell cycle, autophagy and the AKT, mTOR, P70S6K proteins of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in human melanoma A375 and C8161 cell lines in vitro and in an in vivo tumorigenesis model. Curcumin effectively inhibited the proliferation of melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. It suppressed cell invasion, arrested the cancer cells at G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and induced autophagy. Furthermore, curcumin suppressed the activation of AKT, mTOR and P70S6K proteins. Curcumin, therefore, is a potent suppressor of cell viability and invasion, and simultaneously an inducer of autophagy in A375 and C8161 cells. Accordingly, curcumin could be a novel therapeutic candidate for the management of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Siwen Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yang Sha
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Jing Ni
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Song Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqi Song
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
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XU JINHONG, YANG HEPING, ZHOU XIANGDONG, WANG HAIJING, GONG LIANG, TANG CHUNLAN. Bisdemethoxycurcumin suppresses migration and invasion of highly metastatic 95D lung cancer cells by regulating E-cadherin and vimentin expression, and inducing autophagy. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7603-8. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Perrone D, Ardito F, Giannatempo G, Dioguardi M, Troiano G, Lo Russo L, DE Lillo A, Laino L, Lo Muzio L. Biological and therapeutic activities, and anticancer properties of curcumin. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1615-1623. [PMID: 26640527 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a polyphenol derived from the Curcuma longa plant. Curcumin has been used extensively in Ayurvedic medicine, as it is nontoxic and exhibits a variety of therapeutic properties, including antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic activities. Recently, certain studies have indicated that curcumin may exert anticancer effects in a variety of biological pathways involved in mutagenesis, apoptosis, tumorigenesis, cell cycle regulation and metastasis. The present study reviewed previous studies in the literature, which support the therapeutic activity of curcumin in cancer. In addition, the present study elucidated a number of the challenges concerning the use of curcumin as an adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent. All the studies reviewed herein suggest that curcumin is able to exert anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, antioxidative, hepatoprotective and antitumor activities, particularly against cancers of the liver, skin, pancreas, prostate, ovary, lung and head neck, as well as having a positive effect in the treatment of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Perrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Fatima Ardito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Giovanni Giannatempo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Mario Dioguardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Lucio Lo Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Alfredo DE Lillo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Luigi Laino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Foggia University, Foggia 71122, Italy
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Song W, Qiao X, Liang WF, Ji S, Yang L, Wang Y, Xu YW, Yang Y, Guo DA, Ye M. Efficient separation of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin from turmeric using supercritical fluid chromatography: From analytical to preparative scale. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3450-3. [PMID: 26256681 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is the major constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.). It has attracted widespread attention for its anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The separation of curcumin and its two close analogs, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, has been challenging by conventional techniques. In this study, an environmentally friendly method based on supercritical fluid chromatography was established for the rapid and facile separation of the three curcuminoids directly from the methanol extract of turmeric. The method was first developed and optimized by ultra performance convergence chromatography, and was then scaled up to preparative supercritical fluid chromatography. Eluted with supercritical fluid CO2 containing 8-15% methanol (containing 10 mM oxalic acid) at a flow rate of 80 mL/min, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin could be well separated on a Viridis BEH OBD column (Waters, 250 mm × 19 mm, 5 μm) within 6.5 min. As a result, 20.8 mg of curcumin (97.9% purity), 7.0 mg of demethoxycurcumin (91.1%), and 4.6 mg of bisdemethoxycurcumin (94.8%) were obtained after a single step of supercritical fluid chromatography separation with a mean recovery of 76.6%. Showing obvious advantages in low solvent consumption, large sample loading, and easy solvent removal, supercritical fluid chromatography was proved to be a superior technique for the efficient separation of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-fei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-wei Xu
- Waters Corporation, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Waters Corporation, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - De-an Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Strickland LR, Pal HC, Elmets CA, Afaq F. Targeting drivers of melanoma with synthetic small molecules and phytochemicals. Cancer Lett 2015; 359:20-35. [PMID: 25597784 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the least common form of skin cancer, but it is responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths. Traditional therapeutics and immunomodulatory agents have not shown much efficacy against metastatic melanoma. Agents that target the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signaling pathway - the BRAF inhibitors vemurafenib and dabrafenib, and the MEK1/2 inhibitor trametinib - have increased survival in patients with metastatic melanoma. Further, the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib has been shown to be superior to single agent therapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. However, resistance to these agents develops rapidly. Studies of additional agents and combinations targeting the MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PI3K), c-kit, and other signaling pathways are currently underway. Furthermore, studies of phytochemicals have yielded promising results against proliferation, survival, invasion, and metastasis by targeting signaling pathways with established roles in melanomagenesis. The relatively low toxicities of phytochemicals make their adjuvant use an attractive treatment option. The need for improved efficacy of current melanoma treatments calls for further investigation of each of these strategies. In this review, we will discuss synthetic small molecule inhibitors, combined therapies and current progress in the development of phytochemical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Ray Strickland
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Harish Chandra Pal
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Craig A Elmets
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Farrukh Afaq
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Zhang J, Wei H, Lin M, Chen C, Wang C, Liu M. Curcumin protects against ischemic spinal cord injury: The pathway effect. Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:3391-400. [PMID: 25206661 PMCID: PMC4146004 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.36.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors have been shown to participate in nerve cell injury during spinal cord ischemia. This study observed a protective effect of curcumin on ischemic spinal cord injury. Models of spinal cord ischemia were established by ligating the lumbar artery from the left renal artery to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta. At 24 hours after model establishment, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with curcumin. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical results demonstrated that after spinal cord ischemia, inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mRNA and protein expression significantly increased. However, curcumin significantly decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor mRNA and protein expression in the ischemic spinal cord. Tarlov scale results showed that curcumin significantly improved motor function of the rat hind limb after spinal cord ischemia. The results demonstrate that curcumin exerts a neuroprotective fect against ischemic spinal cord injury by decreasing inducible nitric oxide synthase and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Hao Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Meimei Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chunmei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Maobai Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
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Hong JM, Park CS, Nam-Goong IS, Kim YS, Lee JC, Han MW, Choi JI, Kim YI, Kim ES. Curcumin Enhances Docetaxel-Induced Apoptosis of 8505C Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Cells. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2014; 29:54-61. [PMID: 24741455 PMCID: PMC3970277 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2014.29.1.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies in humans, and its progression is poorly controlled by existing therapeutic methods. Curcumin has been shown to suppress inflammation and angiogenesis. In this study, we evaluated whether curcumin could augment docetaxel-induced apoptosis of ATC cells. We also analyzed changes in nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression levels to delineate possible mechanisms of their combined action. METHODS ATC cells were cultured and treated with curcumin and docetaxel alone or in combination. The effects on cell viability were determined by MTS assay. Apoptosis was assessed by annexin V staining and confirmed by flow cytometric analysis. Caspase, COX-2, NF-κB levels were assayed by Western blotting. RESULTS Curcumin combined with docetaxel led to lower cell viability than treatment with docetaxel or curcumin alone. Annexin V staining followed by flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that curcumin treatment enhanced the docetaxel-induced apoptosis of ATC cells. Additionally, curcumin inhibited docetaxel-induced p65 activation and COX-2 expression. CONCLUSION We conclude that curcumin may enhance docetaxel's antitumor activity in ATC cells by interfering with NF-κB and COX-2. Our results suggest that curcumin may emerge as an attractive therapeutic candidate to enhance the antitumor activity of taxanes in ATC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Chan Sung Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Il Seong Nam-Goong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Yon Seon Kim
- Department of General Surgery, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Myung Weol Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jung Il Choi
- Biomedical Research Center, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Young Il Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Eun Sook Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
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Mahajanakatti AB, Murthy G, Sharma N, Skariyachan S. Exploring inhibitory potential of Curcumin against various cancer targets by in silico virtual screening. Interdiscip Sci 2014; 6:13-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s12539-014-0170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Jiang H, Wortsman J, Matsuoka L, Granese J, Carlson JA, Mihm M, Slominski A. Molecular spectrum of pigmented skin lesions: from nevus to melanoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/17469872.1.5.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Margulis K, Srinivasan S, Ware MJ, Summers HD, Godin B, Magdassi S. Active curcumin nanoparticles formed from a volatile microemulsion template. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:3745-3752. [PMID: 25485110 PMCID: PMC4255981 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00267a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We report on biological performance of organic nanoparticles formed by a simple method based on rapid solvent removal from a volatile microemulsion. The particular focus of the study was on testing the suitability of the method for substances soluble in partially water-miscible organic solvents as well as on evaluating the therapeutic activity of the resultant nanoparticles. Curcumin was employed as a model for hydrophobic drug, and, as it is soluble in water-miscible organic solvents, it was successfully incorporated into a new cyclopentanone-water microemulsion system. During rapid solvent removal by spray-drying, the nanometric droplets of the microemulsion were converted into nanoparticles containing amorphous curcumin with the average size of 20.2±3.4 nm, having ζ potential of -36.2 ±1.8 mV. These nanoparticles were dispersible in water and retained the high loading of the active substance. The therapeutic activity of the resulting nanoparticles was demonstrated in a pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1. The effective concentration for reducing the metabolic activity was found to be 11.5 μM for nanoparticles compared with 19.5 μM for free curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Margulis
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Tel +972-2-6584967, Fax +972-2-6584350
| | - S. Srinivasan
- Department of Nanomedicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M. J. Ware
- Department of Nanomedicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, UK
| | - H. D. Summers
- Department of Nanomedicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, UK
| | - B. Godin
- Department of Nanomedicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S. Magdassi
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel. Tel +972-2-6584967, Fax +972-2-6584350
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Uzarska M, Czajkowski R, Schwartz RA, Bajek A, Zegarska B, Drewa T. Chemoprevention of skin melanoma: facts and myths. Melanoma Res 2013; 23:426-33. [PMID: 24077511 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer. Despite the rise of public awareness, the incidence rate among the white population has been rising constantly for several decades. Systematic improvement in knowledge about the biology of pigment cells and molecular mechanisms of their neoplastic transformation has enhanced the possibility of melanoma chemoprevention. Hence, chemopreventive agents that prevent, inhibit, or reverse melanoma development are being investigated intensively. Among synthetic compounds, especially well studied are lipid-lowering drugs and cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Substances found in everyday diet, such as genistein, apigenin, quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin may also have potential chemopreventive qualities. However, studies examining the chemopreventive activity of these compounds have shown widely varying results. Early reports on the possible chemopreventive activity of statins and fibrates were not proved by the results of randomized clinical trials. Similarly, case-control studies examining the influence of NSAIDs on the risk of melanoma do not confirm the antitumor activity of cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Further clinical trials involving carefully selected target populations as well as the identification of specific biomarkers of prognostic and predictive value seem to be essential for the evaluation of the chemopreventive activity of the studied substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Uzarska
- Departments of aTissue Engineering bDermatology, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Immunodermatology cCosmetology and Esthetic Dermatology dUrology Department, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Medical College in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland eDepartment of Dermatology and Pathology, Rutgers University New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Basu A, Kumar GS. Biophysical studies on curcumin-deoxyribonucleic acid interaction: spectroscopic and calorimetric approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:257-64. [PMID: 24041996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of the dietary pigment curcumin with herring testes deoxyribonucleic acid was studied by biophysical and microcalorimetric techniques. Curcumin bound to DNA exhibiting hypochromic effect in absorbance and enhanced intensity of its fluorescence. The binding a affinity value evaluated from spectroscopy data was of the order 10(4) M(-1). The quantum efficiency value testified the occurrence of energy transfer from the DNA base pairs to the curcumin molecules. Displacement studies of DNA bound DAPI, Hoechst and ethidium bromide suggested binding of curcumin to be in the minor groove of the DNA. Moderate conformational perturbations of the B-form structure of DNA occurred on binding. The binding affinity weakened as the DNA GC content enhanced. The binding was characterized by negative enthalpy and positive entropy changes; the binding affinity from calorimetry was in good agreement with that evaluated from the spectral data. The binding was dominated by hydrophobic and other non-polyelectrolytic forces; the polyelectrolytic forces contributing only a quarter to the total Gibbs energy at 50 mM [Na(+)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Basu
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India
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Mani J, Kumar S, Dobos GJ, Haferkamp A. [Aspects of traditional Indian medicine (Ayurveda) in urology]. Urologe A 2013. [PMID: 23178846 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-012-3063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ayurveda is from a global viewpoint the oldest and the most employed traditional form of medicine in India. The difference to western medicine is that this form of medicine is based on experience, empirical evidence and intuition accumulated over thousands of years and passed down through generations orally as well as by sketches. Ayurveda is not only concerned with the physical but also with the spiritual aspects of the body and according to this doctrine most diseases result from psychological and pathological alterations in the body. Ultimately, the definition of health according to Ayurveda is an equilibrium between the physical, mental and spiritual components. Ayurvedic medicine is used within the framework of the treatment of urolithiasis for diuresis, for litholysis, as an analgetic for spasms and with an antimicrobial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mani
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt a.M., Deutschland.
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Valiahdi SM, Iranshahi M, Sahebkar A. Cytotoxic activities of phytochemicals from Ferula species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 21:39. [PMID: 23701832 PMCID: PMC3671137 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-21-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Ferula species are reputed in folk medicine for the treatment of a variety of disorders. There have been sporadic reports on the chemopreventive and chemosensitizing activities of some terpenoid coumarin derivatives from the genus Ferula. The present study investigated the cytotoxic activity of 11 phytochemicals (conferone, farnesiferol A, acantrifoside E, mogoltadone, diversin, galbanic acid, herniarin, 7-isopentenyloxycoumarin, umbelliprenin, stylosin and tschimgine) from Ferula species together with a newly synthesized prenylated derivative of curcumin (gercumin II). Methods Cytotoxic activity of phytochemicals was evaluated against ovarian carcinoma (CH1), lung cancer (A549) and melanoma (SK-MEL-28) cell lines using MTT assay. Results and conclusion Overall, moderate cytotoxic activity was observed from the tested compounds with IC50 values in the micromolar range. The highest activity against CH1 and A549 lines was from conferone while stylosin and tschimgine were the most potent compounds against SK-MEL-28 line. In conclusion, the findings of the present investigation did not support a potent cytotoxic activity of the tested phytochemicals against CH1, A549 and SK-MEL-28 cell lines. With respect to previous reports, the beneficial impact of these phytochemicals in cancer therapy may be more attributable to their chemopreventive or chemosensitizing activity rather than direct cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seied Mojtaba Valiahdi
- Biotechnology Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 91775-1365, Mashhad, Iran.
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Rozzo C, Fanciulli M, Fraumene C, Corrias A, Cubeddu T, Sassu I, Cossu S, Nieddu V, Galleri G, Azara E, Dettori MA, Fabbri D, Palmieri G, Pisano M. Molecular changes induced by the curcumin analogue D6 in human melanoma cells. Mol Cancer 2013; 12:37. [PMID: 23642048 PMCID: PMC3651720 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-12-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous report, we described the in vitro and in vivo antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity of a hydroxylated biphenyl (D6), a structural analogue of curcumin, on malignant melanoma and neuroblastoma tumours. In this paper, we investigated the molecular changes induced by such a compound, underlying cell growth arrest and apoptosis in melanoma cells. RESULTS To shed light on the mechanisms of action of D6, we firstly demonstrated its quick cellular uptake and subsequent block of cell cycle in G2/M phase transition. A gene expression profile analysis of D6-treated melanoma cells and fibroblasts was then carried out on high density microarrays, to assess gene expression changes induced by this compound. The expression profile study evidenced both an induction of stress response pathways and a modulation of cell growth regulation mechanisms. In particular, our data suggest that the antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities of D6 in melanoma could be partially driven by up-regulation of the p53 signalling pathways as well as by down-regulation of the PI3K/Akt and NF-kB pathways. Modulation of gene expression due to D6 treatment was verified by western blot analysis for single proteins of interest, confirming the results from the gene expression profile analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of action of D6, through a comprehensive description of the molecular changes induced by this compound at the gene expression level, in agreement with the previously reported anti-tumour effects on melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rozzo
- Biomolecular Chemistry Institute, National Research Council of Italy, Traversa La Crucca, 3. 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Goswami TK, Gadadhar S, Gole B, Karande AA, Chakravarty AR. Photocytotoxicity of copper(II) complexes of curcumin and N-ferrocenylmethyl-L-amino acids. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:800-10. [PMID: 23584543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes [Cu(Fc-aa)(cur)] (1-3) of curcumin (Hcur) and N-ferrocenylmethyl-L-amino acids (Fc-aa), viz., ferrocenylmethyl-L-tyrosine (Fc-TyrH), ferrocenylmethyl-L-tryptophan (Fc-TrpH) and ferrocenylmethyl-L-methionine (Fc-MetH), were prepared and characterized. The DNA photocleavage activity, photocytotoxicity and cellular localization in HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cells of these complexes were studied. Acetylacetonate (acac) complexes [Cu(Fc-aa)(acac)] (4-6) were prepared and used as controls. The chemical nuclease inactive complexes showed efficient pUC19 DNA cleavage activity in visible light. Complexes 1-3 showed high photocytotoxicity with low dark toxicity thus giving remarkable photodynamic effect. FACScan analysis showed apoptosis of the cancer cells. Fluorescence microscopic studies revealed primarily cytosolic localization of the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tridib K Goswami
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Sir C.V. Raman Avenue, Bangalore 560 012, India
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Harsono D, Finelt N, Castano EB, Tonnesen MG, Clark RAF. Curcumin myths or wonders? A systematic analysis of in vitro studies. Wound Repair Regen 2013; 21:335-6. [DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nika Finelt
- Department of Dermatology; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook
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Batie S, Lee JH, Jama RA, Browder DO, Montano LA, Huynh CC, Marcus LM, Tsosie DG, Mohammed Z, Trang V, Marshall PA, Jurutka PW, Wagner CE. Synthesis and biological evaluation of halogenated curcumin analogs as potential nuclear receptor selective agonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 21:693-702. [PMID: 23276449 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the synthesis of analogs of curcumin, and their analysis in acting as nuclear receptor specific agonists. Curcumin (CM), a turmeric-derived bioactive polyphenol found in curry, has recently been identified as a ligand for the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and it is possible that CM exerts some of its bioeffects via direct binding to VDR and/or other proteins in the nuclear receptor superfamily. Using mammalian-two-hybrid (M2H) and vitamin D responsive element (VDRE) biological assay systems, we tested CM and 11 CM synthetic analogs for their ability to activate VDR signaling. The M2H assay revealed that RXR and VDR association was induced by CM and several of its analogs. VDRE-based assays demonstrated that pure curcumin and eight CM analogs activated transcription of a luciferase plasmid at levels approaching that of the endocrine 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D) ligand in human colon cancer cells (HCT-116). Additional experiments were performed in HCT-116 utilizing various nuclear receptors and hormone responsive elements to determine the receptor specificity of curcumin binding. CM did not appear to activate transcription in a glucocorticoid responsive system. However, CM along with several analogs elicited transcriptional activation in retinoic acid and retinoid X receptor (RXR) responsive systems. M2H assays using RXR-RXR, VDR-SRC1 and VDR-DRIP revealed that CM and select analogs stimulate RXR homodimerization and VDR-coactivator interactions. These studies may lead to the discovery of novel curcumin analogs that activate nuclear receptors, including RXR, RAR and VDR, resulting in similar health benefits as those for vitamins A and D, such as lowering the risk of epithelial and colon cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane Batie
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, 4701 W. Thunderbird Road, Glendale, AZ 85306, United States
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79
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Mechanisms of ketamine-induced immunosuppression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 50:172-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aat.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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80
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Amornwachirabodee K, Chiablaem K, Wacharasindhu S, Lirdprapamongkol K, Svasti J, Vchirawongkwin V, Wanichwecharungruang SP. Paclitaxel Delivery Using Carrier made from Curcumin Derivative: Synergism Between Carrier and the Loaded Drug for Effective Cancer Treatment. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:3779-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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81
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The dietary flavonoids naringenin and quercetin acutely impair glucose metabolism in rodents possibly via inhibition of hypothalamic insulin signalling. Br J Nutr 2012; 109:1040-51. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114512003005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites of herbs and spices are widely used as an alternative strategy in the therapy of various diseases. The polyphenols naringenin, quercetin and curcumin have been characterised as anti-diabetic agents. Conversely, in vitro, naringenin and quercetin are described to inhibit phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), an enzyme that is essential for the neuronal control of whole body glucose homoeostasis. Using both in vitro and in vivo experiments, we tested whether the inhibitory effect on PI3K occurs in neurons and if it might affect whole body glucose homoeostasis. Quercetin was found to inhibit basal and insulin-induced phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473), a downstream target of PI3K, in HT-22 cells, whereas naringenin and curcumin had no effect. In Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) naringenin and quercetin (10 mg/kg administered orally) diminished insulin-induced phosphorylation of Akt (Ser473) in the arcuate nucleus, indicating a reduction in hypothalamic PI3K activity. In agreement with this finding, glucose tolerance in naringenin-treated hamsters (oral) and mice (oral and intracerebroventricular) was reduced compared with controls. Dietary quercetin also impaired glucose tolerance, whereas curcumin was ineffective. Circulating levels of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein were not affected by the polyphenols. Oral quercetin reduced the respiratory quotient, suggesting that glucose utilisation was impaired after treatment. These data demonstrate that low doses of naringenin and quercetin acutely and potently impair glucose homoeostasis. This effect may be mediated by inhibition of hypothalamic PI3K signalling. Whether chronic impairments in glucose homoeostasis occur after long-term application remains to be identified.
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82
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Quitschke WW. Curcuminoid binding to embryonal carcinoma cells: reductive metabolism, induction of apoptosis, senescence, and inhibition of cell proliferation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39568. [PMID: 22768090 PMCID: PMC3383725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin preparations typically contain a mixture of polyphenols, collectively referred to as curcuminoids. In addition to the primary component curcumin, they also contain smaller amounts of the co-extracted derivatives demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids can be differentially solubilized in serum, which allows for the systematic analysis of concentration-dependent cellular binding, biological effects, and metabolism. Technical grade curcumin was solubilized in fetal calf serum by two alternative methods yielding saturated preparations containing either predominantly curcumin (60%) or bisdemethoxycurcumin (55%). Continual exposure of NT2/D1 cells for 4–6 days to either preparation in cell culture media reduced cell division (1–5 µM), induced senescence (6–7 µM) or comprehensive cell death (8–10 µM) in a concentration-dependent manner. Some of these effects could also be elicited in cells transiently exposed to higher concentrations of curcuminoids (47 µM) for 0.5–4 h. Curcuminoids induced apoptosis by generalized activation of caspases but without nucleosomal fragmentation. The equilibrium binding of serum-solubilized curcuminoids to NT2/D1 cells incubated with increasing amounts of curcuminoid-saturated serum occurred with apparent overall dissociation constants in the 6–10 µM range. However, the presence of excess free serum decreased cellular binding in a hyperbolic manner. Cellular binding was overwhelmingly associated with membrane fractions and bound curcuminoids were metabolized in NT2/D1 cells via a previously unidentified reduction pathway. Both the binding affinities for curcuminoids and their reductive metabolic pathways varied in other cell lines. These results suggest that curcuminoids interact with cellular binding sites, thereby activating signal transduction pathways that initiate a variety of biological responses. The dose-dependent effects of these responses further imply that distinct cellular pathways are sequentially activated and that this activation is dependent on the affinity of curcuminoids for the respective binding sites. Defined serum-solubilized curcuminoids used in cell culture media are thus suitable for further investigating the differential activation of signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang W Quitschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.
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83
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Guo LD, Chen XJ, Hu YH, Yu ZJ, Wang D, Liu JZ. Curcumin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human colorectal cancer cells by activating the mitochondria apoptotic pathway. Phytother Res 2012; 27:422-30. [PMID: 22628241 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin, a natural plant extract from Curcuma longa, is known for its anti-carcinogenic and chemopreventive effects on a variety of experimental cancer models. In this study, we evaluated the effects of curcumin and elucidated its mechanism in human colorectal carcinoma cells. Cell viability assay showed that curcumin significantly inhibited the growth of LoVo cells. Curcumin treatment induced the apoptosis accompanied by ultra-structural changes and release of lactate dehydrogenase in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, treatment with 0-30 µg/mL curcumin decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and activated the caspase-3 and caspase-9 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Nuclear and annexin V/PI staining showed that curcumin induced the apoptosis of LoVo cells. FACS analysis revealed that curcumin could induce the cell cycle arrest of LoVo cells at the S phase. Furthermore, western blotting analysis indicated that curcumin induced the release of cytochrome c, a significant increase of Bax and p53 and a marked reduction of Bcl-2 and survivin in LoVo cells. Taken together, our results suggested that curcumin inhibited the growth of LoVo cells by inducing apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-da Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Hebei, 050016, PR China
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84
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Zhuang W, Long L, Zheng B, Ji W, Yang N, Zhang Q, Liang Z. Curcumin promotes differentiation of glioma-initiating cells by inducing autophagy. Cancer Sci 2012; 103:684-90. [PMID: 22192169 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02198.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor characterized by increased proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Recently, a growing body of evidence suggests that glioma-initiating cells (GICs) are responsible for the initiation and recurrence of GBM. However, the factors determining the differential development of GICs remain poorly defined. In the present study, we show that curcumin, a natural compound with low toxicity in normal cells, significantly induced differentiation of GICs in vivo and in vitro by inducing autophagy. Moreover, curcumin also suppressed tumor formation on intracranial GICs implantation into mice. Our results suggest that autophagy plays an essential role in the regulation of GIC self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenic potential, suggesting autophagy could be a promising therapeutic target in a subset of glioblastomas. This is the first evidence that curcumin has differentiating and tumor-suppressing actions on GICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhuo Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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85
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Abdel Aziz MT, El-Asmar MF, Rezq AM, Fouad HH, Ahmed HH, Hassouna AA, Taha FM, Hafez HF. Novel Anticancer Curcumin Derivative with Conserved Functional Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.7243/2049-7962-1-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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86
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Najm WI. Skin Cancer. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-1-4377-1793-8.00063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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87
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Madhunapantula SV, Robertson GP. Chemoprevention of melanoma. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2012; 65:361-98. [PMID: 22959032 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-397927-8.00012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in drug discovery programs and molecular approaches for identifying drug targets, incidence and mortality rates due to melanoma continue to rise at an alarming rate. Existing preventive strategies generally involve mole screening followed by surgical removal of the benign nevi and abnormal moles. However, due to lack of effective programs for screening and disease recurrence after surgical resection, there is a need for better chemopreventive agents. Although sunscreens have been used extensively for protecting from UV-induced melanomas, results of correlative population-based studies are controversial, with certain studies suggest increased skin cancer risk in sunscreen users. Therefore, these studies require further authentication to conclusively confirm the chemoprotective efficacy of sunscreens. This chapter reviews the current understanding regarding melanoma chemoprevention and the various strategies used to accomplish this objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subbarao V Madhunapantula
- Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara Medical College, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeshwara University, Mysore, Karnataka, India
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88
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Leung MHM, Mohan P, Pukala TL, Scanlon DB, Lincoln SF, Kee TW. Reduction of Copper(II) to Copper(I) in the Copper-Curcumin Complex Induces Decomposition of Curcumin. Aust J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1071/ch12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the decomposition of curcumin due to reduction of Cu(ii) to Cu(i). Cu(ii) binds tightly with curcumin to form a complex which exhibits a high stability in methanol, but it decomposes readily in acetonitrile and in SDS micelles in the presence of ascorbic acid, coincident with reduction of Cu(ii) to Cu(i). In this study, the UV-Vis absorption of the Cu-curcumin complex shows a monotonic decrease as a function of time, consistent with the decomposition of curcumin. At a high copper : curcumin molar ratio of 10 : 1, the UV-Vis absorption spectrum of the Cu(ii)-curcumin complex in acetonitrile exhibits a substantial blue shift of the absorption maximum from 420 nm to 350 nm, which is indicative of a significant decrease in conjugation length of curcumin in the presence of Cu(ii). Time-dependent mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) data are also consistent with the decomposition of curcumin as a consequence of reduction of Cu(ii) to Cu(i).
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89
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Gagliardi S, Ghirmai S, Abel KJ, Lanier M, Gardai SJ, Lee C, Cashman JR. Evaluation in vitro of synthetic curcumins as agents promoting monocytic gene expression related to β-amyloid clearance. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 25:101-12. [PMID: 22029407 DOI: 10.1021/tx200246t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and efficient clearance of Aβ by cells of the innate immune system may be an important mechanism for controlling or preventing disease onset. It was reported that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of most AD patients are defective in the phagocytosis of soluble Aβ. Natural curcumins were shown to restore Aβ phagocytosis by AD PBMCs and to up-regulate the expression of key genes including MGAT3 and those encoding Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDC), a minor component of natural curcumin, was shown to have the greatest potency for stimulating AD PBMCs. Because natural curcumins have inherent limitations with regard to physicochemical properties, synthetic curcumin analogues were developed that showed improved solubility, stability, and bioavailability. An in vitro system using human monocytic cell lines (U-937, THP-1) was used to evaluate analogues for the potency of innate immune cell stimulation. These cell lines showed responses to curcuminoids and to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) resembling those seen in human PBMCs. From more than 45 curcuminoids analyzed, the most potent compounds possessing enhanced pharmaceutical properties were identified. The most promising candidates included prodrug versions containing water solubility-enhancing amino acids and stability-increasing modifications near the central diketone. In vivo studies showed compound (5) substantially increased bioavailability by combining several promising structural modifications. Studies examining ex vivo phagocytosis of Aβ and bead particles in mouse microglia showed that BDC and several water-soluble analogues were quite effective compared to curcumin or an unnatural analogue. In vitro studies using monocytic cell lines reported herein complement those using human PBMCs and represent a routinely accessible and uniform cellular resource allowing direct comparisons between compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gagliardi
- Human BioMolecular Research Institute , 5310 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, California 92121 United States
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90
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Wan X, Yang J, Xing L, Fan L, Hu B, Chen X, Cao C. Inhibition of IκB Kinase β attenuates hypoxia-induced inflammatory mediators in rat renal tubular cells. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:1503-10. [PMID: 21693225 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.01.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation is now believed to play a major role in the pathophysiology of ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI), which is thought to be directly regulated by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Our previous study indicated that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) alleviated renal ischemic-reperfusion injury due to inhibition of IκB kinase β (IKK β) activity. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence the expression of IKKβ, which consists of the IKK complex residing at a key convergence site that leads to NF-κB activation in multiple signaling pathways, we protected organs from ischemic AKI. Herein, we have report a siRNA-based treatment to prevent ischemic AKI. METHODS Ischemic AKI was induced by a hypoxia-mimicking agent cobalt chloride (CoCl(2)). The therapeutic effects of IKKβ-specific siRNA were evaluated on the expression of interleukin (IL)-18, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and cell apoptosis. RESULTS Compared with CoCl(2)-induced NRK52E cells, pretransfected IKKβ-specific siRNA reduced the expression of IL-18 and NGAL to 62.5% and 50.4% in messenger RNA (mRNA) and to 57.2% and 62.7% in protein levels, respectively. The necrosis index in the IKKβ-specific siRNA transfected group was decreased compared with a nonspecific siRNA transfected group. CONCLUSIONS These data revealed that hypoxia-induced inflammatory responses were IKKβ/NF-κB-dependent. Knockdown of IKKβ by siRNA suppressed the transcription IKKβ/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory mediators in tumor necrosis factor-α or CoCl(2)-treated tubular epithelial cells, and decreased CoCl(2)-induced cell death, which may be a useful, preventive and therapeutic strategy for ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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91
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Zong H, Wang F, Fan QX, Wang LX. Curcumin inhibits metastatic progression of breast cancer cell through suppression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator by NF-kappa B signaling pathways. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:4803-8. [PMID: 21947854 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1273-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione), is extracted from the plant Curcuma longa. It was recently reported for its anticancer effect on several types of cancer cells in vitro however, the molecular mechanisms of this anticancer effect are not fully understood. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of curcumin on human mammary epithelial carcinoma MCF-7 cells. Cells were treated with curcumin and examined for cell viability by MTT assay. The cells invasion was demonstrated by transwell assay. The binding activity of NF-κB to DNA was examined in nuclear extracts using Trans-AM NF-κB ELISA kit. Western blot was performed to detect the effect of curcumin on the expression of uPA. Our results showed that curcumin dose-dependently inhibited (P < 0.05) the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. Meanwhile, the adhesion and invasion ability of MCF-7 cells were sharply inhibited when treated with different concentrations of curcumin. Curcumin also significantly decreased (P < 0.05) the expression of uPA and NF-κB DNA binding activity, respectively. It is concluded that curcumin inhibits the adhesion and invasion of MCF-7 cells through down-regulating the protein expression of uPA via of NF-κB activation. Accordingly, the therapeutic potential of curcumin for breast cancer deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, People's Republic of China
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92
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Angelo LS, Wu JY, Meng F, Sun M, Kopetz S, McCutcheon IE, Slopis JM, Kurzrock R. Combining curcumin (diferuloylmethane) and heat shock protein inhibition for neurofibromatosis 2 treatment: analysis of response and resistance pathways. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:2094-103. [PMID: 21903608 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-11-0243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a genetic condition characterized by inactivation of the NF2 tumor suppressor gene and the development of schwannomas. The NF2 gene product, merlin, is activated (dephosphorylated) by contact inhibition and promotes growth suppression. We investigated the effect of curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a molecule with anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic properties, on human schwannoma cell growth and the regulation of merlin by curcumin in both NF2 cells and neuroblastoma (non-NF2) cells. Curcumin inhibited the growth of HEI-193 schwannoma cells in vitro and downregulated the phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Curcumin also activated MYPT1-pp1δ (a merlin phosphatase), which was associated with dephosphorylation of merlin on serine 518, an event that results in the folding of merlin to its active conformation. In addition, curcumin induced apoptosis and generated reactive oxygen species in HEI-193 cells. Consequently, hsp70 was upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels, possibly serving as a mechanism of escape from curcumin-induced apoptosis and growth inhibition. Endogenous merlin and hsp70 proteins interacted in HEI-193 schwannoma and SK-N-AS neuroblastoma cells. The combination of curcumin and an hsp inhibitor synergistically suppressed schwannoma cell growth. Our results provide a rationale for combining curcumin and KNK437 in the treatment of NF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Angelo
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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93
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Mimeault M, Batra SK. Potential applications of curcumin and its novel synthetic analogs and nanotechnology-based formulations in cancer prevention and therapy. Chin Med 2011; 6:31. [PMID: 21859497 PMCID: PMC3177878 DOI: 10.1186/1749-8546-6-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin has attracted great attention in the therapeutic arsenal in clinical oncology due to its chemopreventive, antitumoral, radiosensibilizing and chemosensibilizing activities against various types of aggressive and recurrent cancers. These malignancies include leukemias, lymphomas, multiple myeloma, brain cancer, melanoma and skin, lung, prostate, breast, ovarian, liver, gastrointestinal, pancreatic and colorectal epithelial cancers. Curcumin mediates its anti-proliferative, anti-invasive and apoptotic effects on cancer cells, including cancer stem/progenitor cells and their progenies, through multiple molecular mechanisms. The oncogenic pathways inhibited by curcumin encompass the members of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR and erbB2), sonic hedgehog (SHH)/GLIs and Wnt/β-catenin and downstream signaling elements such as Akt, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). In counterbalance, the high metabolic instability and poor systemic bioavailability of curcumin limit its therapeutic efficacy in human. Of great therapeutic interest, the selective delivery of synthetic analogs or nanotechnology-based formulations of curcumin to tumors, alone or in combination with other anticancer drugs, may improve their chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic efficacies against cancer progression and relapse. Novel curcumin formulations may also be used to reverse drug resistance, eradicate the total cancer cell mass and improve the anticarcinogenic efficacy of the current anti-hormonal and chemotherapeutic treatments for patients with various aggressive and lethal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murielle Mimeault
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA.
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94
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Li R, Qiao X, Li Q, He R, Ye M, Xiang C, Lin X, Guo D. Metabolic and pharmacokinetic studies of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in mice tumor after intragastric administration of nanoparticle formulations by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:2751-8. [PMID: 21856253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2011] [Revised: 07/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin in mice tumor. To improve water solubility, nanoparticle formulations were prepared as curcuminoids-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (curcuminoids-SLNs) and curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (curcumin-SLNs). After intragastric administration to tumor-bearing ICR mice, the plasma and tumor samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography with ion trap mass spectrometry. We discovered that curcuminoids were mainly present as glucuronides in plasma, whereas in free form in tumor tissue. A validated LC/MS/MS method was established to determine the three free curcuminoids in tumor homogenate. Samples were separated on a Zorbax SB-C(18) column, eluted with acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1% formic acid), and detected by TSQ Quantum triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in selected reaction monitoring mode. The method showed good linearity (r(2)=0.997-0.999) over wide dynamic ranges (2-6000 ng/mL). Variations within- and between-batch never exceeded 11.2% and 13.4%, respectively. The extraction recovery rates ranged from 78.3% to 87.7%. The pharmacokinetics of curcuminoids in mice tumor fit two-compartment model and first order elimination. For curcumin-SLNs group, the dosing of 250 mg/kg of curcumin resulted in AUC((0-48 h)) of 2285 ngh/mL and C(max) of 209 ng/mL. For curcuminoids-SLNs group, the dosing equivalent to 138 mg/kg of curcumin resulted in higher tumor concentrations (AUC=2811 ngh/mL, C(max)=285 ng/mL). It appeared that co-existing curcuminoids improved the bioavailability of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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95
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Mechanism of autophagy induction and role of autophagy in antagonizing mitomycin C-induced cell apoptosis in silibinin treated human melanoma A375-S2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 659:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 11/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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96
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Syed DN, Mukhtar H. Botanicals for the prevention and treatment of cutaneous melanoma. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2011; 24:688-702. [PMID: 21426532 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148x.2011.00851.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma, a cancer of melanocytes, when detected at later stages is arguably one of the most lethal cancers and the cause of more years of lost life than any other cancer among young adults. There is no standard therapy for advanced-stage melanoma and the median survival time for patients with metastatic melanoma is <1 yr. An urgent need for novel strategies against melanoma has directed research towards the development of new chemotherapeutic and biologic agents that can target the tumor by several different mechanisms. Recently, several dietary agents are being investigated for their role in the prevention and treatment of various forms of cancer and may represent the future modality of the treatment. Here, we have reviewed emerging data on botanicals that are showing promise for their potential inhibitory effect against cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeba N Syed
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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97
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Aliaga-Alcalde N, Marqués-Gallego P, Kraaijkamp M, Herranz-Lancho C, den Dulk H, Görner H, Roubeau O, Teat SJ, Weyhermüller T, Reedijk J. Copper curcuminoids containing anthracene groups: fluorescent molecules with cytotoxic activity. Inorg Chem 2011; 49:9655-63. [PMID: 20839841 DOI: 10.1021/ic101331c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The coordination chemistry of the new curcuminoid ligand, 1,7-(di-9-anthracene-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione), abbreviated 9Accm has been studied, resulting in two new copper-9Accm compounds. Compound 1, [Cu(phen)Cl(9Accm)], was synthesized by reacting 9Accm with [Cu(phen)Cl(2)] in a 1:1 ratio (M:L) and compound 2, [Cu(9Accm)(2)], was prepared from Cu(OAc)(2) and 9Accm (1:2). UV-vis, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) measurements were some of the techniques employed to portray these species; studies on single crystals of free 9Accm, [Cu(phen)Cl(9Accm)] and [Cu(9Accm)(2)(py)] provided detailed structural information about compounds 1 and 2·py, being the first two copper-curcuminoids crystallographically described. In addition the antitumor activity of the new compounds was studied and compared with free 9Accm for a number of human tumor cells. To provide more insight on the mode of action of these compounds under biological conditions, additional experiments were accomplished, including studies on the nature of their interactions with calf thymus DNA by UV-vis titration and Circular Dichroism. These experiments together with DNA-binding studies indicate electrostatic interactions between some of these species and the double helix, pointing out the weak nature of the interaction of the compounds with CT-DNA. The intrinsic fluorescence of the free ligand and both copper compounds provided valuable information over the cellular process and therefore, fluorescence microscopy studies were performed using a human osteosarcoma cell line. Studies in vitro using this technique suggest that the action of these molecules seems to occur outside the nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Aliaga-Alcalde
- Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats and Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Química, Martí i Franquès, 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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98
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Wilken R, Veena MS, Wang MB, Srivatsan ES. Curcumin: A review of anti-cancer properties and therapeutic activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2011; 10:12. [PMID: 21299897 PMCID: PMC3055228 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 598] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a polyphenol derived from the Curcuma longa plant, commonly known as turmeric. Curcumin has been used extensively in Ayurvedic medicine for centuries, as it is nontoxic and has a variety of therapeutic properties including anti-oxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic activity. More recently curcumin has been found to possess anti-cancer activities via its effect on a variety of biological pathways involved in mutagenesis, oncogene expression, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, tumorigenesis and metastasis. Curcumin has shown anti-proliferative effect in multiple cancers, and is an inhibitor of the transcription factor NF-κB and downstream gene products (including c-myc, Bcl-2, COX-2, NOS, Cyclin D1, TNF-α, interleukins and MMP-9). In addition, curcumin affects a variety of growth factor receptors and cell adhesion molecules involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and treatment protocols include disfiguring surgery, platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation, all of which may result in tremendous patient morbidity. As a result, there is significant interest in developing adjuvant chemotherapies to augment currently available treatment protocols, which may allow decreased side effects and toxicity without compromising therapeutic efficacy. Curcumin is one such potential candidate, and this review presents an overview of the current in vitro and in vivo data supporting its therapeutic activity in head and neck cancer as well as some of the challenges concerning its development as an adjuvant chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reason Wilken
- Department of Surgery, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, West Los Angeles, CA, USA
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99
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Kim MK, Kim K, Han JY, Lim JM, Song YS. Modulation of inflammatory signaling pathways by phytochemicals in ovarian cancer. GENES AND NUTRITION 2011; 6:109-15. [PMID: 21484164 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-011-0209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation has been suggested to be involved in cancer development and progression. Many clinical and experimental studies have shown that inflammation could contribute to ovarian carcinogenesis through activation of the NF-κB and AP-1 pathways by chronic inflammatory mediators. Phytochemicals, which are natural compounds derived from fruits and vegetables, have shown anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. Due to their relatively low toxicity and easy accessibility, phytochemicals have been investigated for their chemopreventive potential against various cancers. In this review, we discuss the role of phytochemicals in preventing ovarian cancer through anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea
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100
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Wan X, Fan L, Hu B, Yang J, Li X, Chen X, Cao C. Small interfering RNA targeting IKKβ prevents renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2011; 300:F857-63. [PMID: 21289055 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00547.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB has been found critical to the pathogenesis of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Activation of NF-κB is dependent upon the activation of the specific inhibitory κB kinase (IKK) subunit IKKβ. Here, we investigate whether small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting IKKβ protects rats from renal ischemia- reperfusion injury in vivo. Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by clamping the renal artery for 45 min. Rats were treated before ischemia with IKKβ siRNA or scrambled siRNA, administered by renal artery injection. Treated animals were evaluated for renal IKKβ protein and mRNA expression, blood biochemistry, tissue histopathology, NF-κB/DNA binding activity, and expression of two downstream inflammatory cytokines, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and IL-18. A local injection of IKKβ siRNA resulted in inhibition of renal IKKβ gene expression, NF-κB/DNA binding activity, and expression of NGAL and IL-18. Rats pretreated with IKKβ siRNA had significantly less blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels and less renal tubular damage scores. Consequently, our data confirm that targeted silencing of IKKβ using siRNA substantially diminishes kidney injury and inflammation following ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wan
- Dept. of Nephrology, Nanjing First Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical Univ., Nanjing 210006, China
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