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Dujardin K, Sgambato V. Neuropsychiatric Disorders in Parkinson's Disease: What Do We Know About the Role of Dopaminergic and Non-dopaminergic Systems? Front Neurosci 2020; 14:25. [PMID: 32063833 PMCID: PMC7000525 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides the hallmark motor symptoms (rest tremor, hypokinesia, rigidity, and postural instability), patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have non-motor symptoms, namely neuropsychiatric disorders. They are frequent and may influence the other symptoms of the disease. They have also a negative impact on the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. In this article, we will describe the clinical manifestations of the main PD-related behavioral disorders (depression, anxiety disorders, apathy, psychosis, and impulse control disorders). We will also provide an overview of the clinical and preclinical literature regarding the underlying mechanisms with a focus on the role of the dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy Dujardin
- Inserm U1171 Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Sgambato
- CNRS, Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Lyon University, Bron, France
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Miloserdov K, Schmidt-Samoa C, Williams K, Weinrich CA, Kagan I, Bürk K, Trenkwalder C, Bähr M, Wilke M. Aberrant functional connectivity of resting state networks related to misperceptions and intra-individual variability in Parkinson's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 25:102076. [PMID: 31794926 PMCID: PMC6906716 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently suffer from visual misperceptions and hallucinations, which are difficult to objectify and quantify. We aimed to develop an image recognition task to objectify misperceptions and to assess performance fluctuations in PD patients with and without self-reported hallucinations. Thirty-two non-demented patients with Parkinson's disease (16 with and 16 without self-reported visual hallucinations) and 25 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were tested. Participants performed a dynamic image recognition task with real and scrambled images. We assessed misperception scores and intra-individual variability in recognition times. To gain insight into possible neural mechanisms related to misperceptions and performance fluctuations we correlated resting state network connectivity to the behavioral outcomes in a subsample of Parkinson's disease patients (N = 16). We found that PD patients with self-reported hallucinations (PD-VH) exhibited higher perceptual error rates, due to decreased perceptual sensitivity and not due to changed decision criteria. In addition, PD-VH patients exhibited higher intra-individual variability in recognition times than HC or PD-nonVH patients. Both, misperceptions and intra-individual variability were negatively correlated with resting state functional connectivity involving frontal and parietal brain regions, albeit in partly different subregions. Consistent with previous research suggesting that hallucinations arise from dysfunction in attentional networks, misperception scores correlated with reduced functional connectivity between the dorsal attention and salience network. Intra-individual variability correlated with decreased connectivity between somatomotor and right fronto-parietal networks. We conclude that our task can detect visual misperceptions that are more prevalent in PD-VH patients. In addition, fluctuating visual performance appear to be a signature of PD-VH patients, which might assist further studies of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and cognitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Miloserdov
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Carsten Schmidt-Samoa
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Kathleen Williams
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Christiane Anne Weinrich
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Igor Kagan
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Katrin Bürk
- Kliniken Schmieder Stuttgart-Gerlingen, Solitudestraße 20, Gerlingen 70839, Germany
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Paracelsus-Elena Klinik, Klinikstraße 16, Kassel 34128, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Mathias Bähr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany
| | - Melanie Wilke
- Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, Goettingen 37075, Germany; German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany; Leibniz Science Campus Primate Cognition, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, Goettingen 37077, Germany.
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Sleep disturbances and gastrointestinal dysfunction are associated with thalamic atrophy in Parkinson's disease. BMC Neurosci 2019; 20:55. [PMID: 31640554 PMCID: PMC6805461 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-019-0537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-motor symptoms are common aspects of Parkinson’s disease (PD) occurring even at the prodromal stage of the disease and greatly affecting the quality of life. Here, we investigated whether non-motor symptoms burden was associated with cortical thickness and subcortical nuclei volume in PD patients. Methods We studied 41 non-demented PD patients. Non-motor symptoms burden was assessed using the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale grading (NMSS). Cortical thickness and subcortical nuclei volume analyses were carried out using Free-Surfer. PD patients were divided into two groups according to the NMSS grading: mild to moderate (NMSS: 0–40) and severe (NMSS: ≥ 41) non-motor symptoms. Results Thalamic atrophy was associated with higher NMSQ and NMSS total scores. The non-motor symptoms that drove this correlation were sleep/fatigue and gastrointestinal tract dysfunction. We also found that PD patients with severe non-motor symptoms had significant thalamic atrophy compared to the group with mild to moderate non-motor symptoms. Conclusions Our findings show that greater non-motor symptom burden is associated with thalamic atrophy in PD. Thalamus plays an important role in processing sensory information including visceral afferent from the gastrointestinal tract and in regulating states of sleep and wakefulness.
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Salman MS, Vergara VM, Damaraju E, Calhoun VD. Decreased Cross-Domain Mutual Information in Schizophrenia From Dynamic Connectivity States. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:873. [PMID: 31507357 PMCID: PMC6714616 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) has been important to understand the healthy and diseased brain. Recent developments model groups of functionally related brain structures (defined as functional domains) as entities that can send and receive information. A domain analysis starts by detecting a finite set of connectivity patterns known as domain states within each functional domain. Dynamic functional domain connectivity (DFDC) is a novel information theoretic framework for studying the temporal sequence of the domain states and the amount of information shared among domains. In this setting, the information flow among functional domains can be compared to the flow of bits among entities in a digital network. Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder which is associated with how the brain processes information. Here, we employed the DFDC framework to analyze a dataset containing resting-state fMRI scans from 163 healthy controls (HCs) and 151 schizophrenia patients (SZs). As in other information theory methods, this study measured domain state probabilities, entropy within each DFDC and the cross-domain mutual information (CDMI) between pairs of DFDC. Results indicate that SZs show significantly higher (transformed) entropy than HCs in subcortical (SC)-SC; default mode network (DMN)-visual (VIS) and frontoparietal (FRN)-VIS DFDCs. SZs also show lower (transformed) CDMI between SC-VIS vs. SC-sensorimotor (SM), attention (ATTN)-VIS vs. ATTN-SM and ATTN-SM vs. ATTN-ATTN DFDC pairs after correcting for multiple comparisons. These results imply that different DFDC pairs function in a more independent manner in SZs compared to HCs. Our findings present evidence of higher uncertainty and randomness in SZ brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa S. Salman
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Victor M. Vergara
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Eswar Damaraju
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Abstract
In addition to motor symptoms, behavioural complications are commonly found in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Behavioural complications, including depression, anxiety, apathy, impulse control disorder and psychosis, together have a large impact on PD patient's quality of life. Many neuroimaging studies using PET, SPECT and MRI techniques have been conducted to study the underlying neural mechanisms of PD pathogenesis and pathophysiology in relation to its behavioural complications. This review will survey these PET, SPECT and MRI studies to describe the current understanding of the neuro-chemical, functional and structural changes associated with behavioural complications in PD patients.
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56
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Pelzer EA, Florin E, Schnitzler A. Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping and Resting State Network Analyses in Parkinsonian Phenotypes-A Systematic Review of the Literature. Front Neural Circuits 2019; 13:50. [PMID: 31447651 PMCID: PMC6691025 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2019.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalance of iron metabolism with consecutive aggregation of α-synuclein and axonal degeneration of neurons has been postulated as the main pathological feature in the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a new imaging technique, which enables to measure structural changes caused by defective iron deposition in parkinsonian brains. Due to its novelty, its potential as a new imaging technique remains elusive for disease-specific characterization of motor and non-motor symptoms (characterizing the individual parkinsonian phenotype). Functional network changes associated with these symptoms are however frequently described for both magnetoencephalography (MEG) and resting state functional magnetic imaging (rs-fMRI). Here, we performed a systematic review of the current literature about QSM imaging, MEG and rs-fMRI in order to collect existing data about structural and functional changes caused by motor and non-motor symptoms in PD. Whereas all three techniques provide an effect in the motor domain, the understanding of network changes caused by non-motor symptoms is much more lacking for MEG and rs-fMRI, and does not yet really exist for QSM imaging. In order to better understand the influence of pathological iron distribution onto the functional outcome, whole-brain QSM analyses should be integrated in functional analyses (especially for the non-motor domain), to enable a proper pathophysiological interpretation of MEG and rs-fMRI network changes in PD. Herewith, a better understanding of the relationship between neuropathological changes, functional network changes and clinical phenotype might become possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther A Pelzer
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Max-Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Esther Florin
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Onofrj M, Espay AJ, Bonanni L, Delli Pizzi S, Sensi SL. Hallucinations, somatic-functional disorders of PD-DLB as expressions of thalamic dysfunction. Mov Disord 2019; 34:1100-1111. [PMID: 31307115 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hallucinations, delusions, and functional neurological manifestations (conversion and somatic symptom disorders) of Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies increase in frequency with disease progression, predict the onset of cognitive decline, and eventually blend with and are concealed by dementia. These symptoms share the absence of reality constraints and can be considered comparable elements of the PD-dementia with Lewy bodies psychosis. We propose that PD-dementia with Lewy bodies psychotic disorders depend on thalamic dysfunction promoting a theta burst mode and subsequent thalamocortical dysrhythmia with focal cortical coherence to theta electroencephalogram rhythms. This theta electroencephalogram activity, also called fast-theta or pre-alpha, has been shown to predict cognitive decline and fluctuations in Parkinson's disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. These electroencephalogram alterations are now considered a predictive marker for progression to dementia. The resulting thalamocortical dysrhythmia inhibits the frontal attentional network and favors the decoupling of the default mode network. As the default mode network is involved in integration of self-referential information into conscious perception, unconstrained default mode network activity, as revealed by recent imaging studies, leads to random formation of connections that link strong autobiographical correlates to trivial stimuli, thereby producing hallucinations, delusions, and functional neurological disorders. The thalamocortical dysrhythmia default mode network decoupling hypothesis provides the rationale for the design and testing of novel therapeutic pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions in the context of PD, PD with dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Alberto J Espay
- Department of Neurology, James J. and Joan A. Gardner Family Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Stefano Delli Pizzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Stefano L Sensi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.,Departments of Neurology and Pharmacology, Institute for Mind Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California - Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
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58
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Weil RS, Hsu JK, Darby RR, Soussand L, Fox MD. Neuroimaging in Parkinson's disease dementia: connecting the dots. Brain Commun 2019; 1:fcz006. [PMID: 31608325 PMCID: PMC6777517 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcz006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a common and devastating symptom of Parkinson's disease but the anatomical substrate remains unclear. Some evidence points towards hippocampal involvement but neuroimaging abnormalities have been reported throughout the brain and are largely inconsistent across studies. Here, we test whether these disparate neuroimaging findings for Parkinson's disease dementia localize to a common brain network. We used a literature search to identify studies reporting neuroimaging correlates of Parkinson's dementia (11 studies, 385 patients). We restricted our search to studies of brain atrophy and hypometabolism that compared Parkinson's patients with dementia to those without cognitive involvement. We used a standard coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis to assess for consistency in the neuroimaging findings. We then used a new approach, coordinate-based network mapping, to test whether neuroimaging findings localized to a common brain network. This approach uses resting-state functional connectivity from a large cohort of normative subjects (n = 1000) to identify the network of regions connected to a reported neuroimaging coordinate. Activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis failed to identify any brain regions consistently associated with Parkinson's dementia, showing major heterogeneity across studies. In contrast, coordinate-based network mapping found that these heterogeneous neuroimaging findings localized to a specific brain network centred on the hippocampus. Next, we tested whether this network showed symptom specificity and stage specificity by performing two further analyses. We tested symptom specificity by examining studies of Parkinson's hallucinations (9 studies, 402 patients) that are frequently co-morbid with Parkinson's dementia. We tested for stage specificity by using studies of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (15 studies, 844 patients). Coordinate-based network mapping revealed that correlates of visual hallucinations fell within a network centred on bilateral lateral geniculate nucleus and correlates of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease fell within a network centred on posterior default mode network. In both cases, the identified networks were distinct from the hippocampal network of Parkinson's dementia. Our results link heterogeneous neuroimaging findings in Parkinson's dementia to a common network centred on the hippocampus. This finding was symptom and stage-specific, with implications for understanding Parkinson's dementia and heterogeneity of neuroimaging findings in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimona S Weil
- Dementia Research Centre, UCL, London,Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London,Berenson-Allen Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA,Correspondence to: Rimona S. Weil UCL Dementia Research Centre, 8-11 Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG UK E-mail:
| | - Joey K Hsu
- Berenson-Allen Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan R Darby
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Louis Soussand
- Berenson-Allen Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael D Fox
- Berenson-Allen Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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59
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Resting-state fMRI in Parkinson's disease patients with cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2019; 62:16-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Weil RS, Winston JS, Leyland L, Pappa K, Mahmood RB, Morris HR, Rees G. Neural correlates of early cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019; 6:902-912. [PMID: 31139688 PMCID: PMC6529983 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dementia is a common and feared aspect of Parkinson's disease but there are no robust predictors of cognitive outcome. Visuoperceptual deficits are linked to risk of dementia in Parkinson's disease but whether they predict cognitive change is not known, and the neural substrates of visuoperceptual dysfunction in Parkinson's have not yet been identified. METHODS We compared patients with Parkinson's disease and unaffected controls who underwent BOLD fMRI while performing our previously validated visuoperceptual task and tested how functional connectivity between task-specific regions and the rest of the brain differed between patients who performed well and poorly in the task. RESULTS We show that task performance at baseline predicts change in cognition in Parkinson's disease after 1 year. Our task-based fMRI study showed that the performance in this task is associated with activity in the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus. We found that functional connectivity between this region and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex was reduced in poor performers compared with good performers of this task. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that functional connectivity is reduced between posterior and anterior hubs of the default mode network in Parkinson's patients who are likely to progress to worsening cognitive dysfunction. Our work implicates posterior default mode nodes and their connections as key brain regions in early stages of dementia in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimona S. Weil
- Dementia Research CentreUCLLondonUnited Kingdom,Wellcome Centre for Human NeuroimagingUCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Joel S. Winston
- Wellcome Centre for Human NeuroimagingUCLLondonUnited Kingdom,National Hospital for Neurology and NeurosurgeryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Katerina Pappa
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUCLLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Huw R. Morris
- Department of Clinical and Motor NeuroscienceUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom,Movement Disorders CentreUCL Queen Square Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Geraint Rees
- Wellcome Centre for Human NeuroimagingUCLLondonUnited Kingdom,Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUCLLondonUnited Kingdom
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Hall JM, O’Callaghan C, Muller AJ, Ehgoetz Martens KA, Phillips JR, Moustafa AA, Lewis SJG, Shine JM. Changes in structural network topology correlate with severity of hallucinatory behavior in Parkinson's disease. Netw Neurosci 2019; 3:521-538. [PMID: 30984905 PMCID: PMC6444885 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inefficient integration between bottom-up visual input and higher order visual processing regions is implicated in visual hallucinations in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we investigated white matter contributions to this perceptual imbalance hypothesis. Twenty-nine PD patients were assessed for hallucinatory behavior. Hallucination severity was correlated to connectivity strength of the network using the network-based statistic approach. The results showed that hallucination severity was associated with reduced connectivity within a subnetwork that included the majority of the diverse club. This network showed overall greater between-module scores compared with nodes not associated with hallucination severity. Reduced between-module connectivity in the lateral occipital cortex, insula, and pars orbitalis and decreased within-module connectivity in the prefrontal, somatosensory, and primary visual cortices were associated with hallucination severity. Conversely, hallucination severity was associated with increased between- and within-module connectivity in the orbitofrontal and temporal cortex, as well as regions comprising the dorsal attentional and default mode network. These results suggest that hallucination severity is associated with marked alterations in structural network topology with changes in participation along the perceptual hierarchy. This may result in the inefficient transfer of information that gives rise to hallucinations in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M. Hall
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Milperra, NSW, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Claire O’Callaghan
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alana J. Muller
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Joseph R. Phillips
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Milperra, NSW, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Ahmed A. Moustafa
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Milperra, NSW, Australia
- MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Milperra, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon J. G. Lewis
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - James M. Shine
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Rollins CP, Garrison JR, Simons JS, Rowe JB, O'Callaghan C, Murray GK, Suckling J. Meta-analytic Evidence for the Plurality of Mechanisms in Transdiagnostic Structural MRI Studies of Hallucination Status. EClinicalMedicine 2019; 8:57-71. [PMID: 31193632 PMCID: PMC6537703 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hallucinations are transmodal and transdiagnostic phenomena, occurring across sensory modalities and presenting in psychiatric, neurodegenerative, neurological, and non-clinical populations. Despite their cross-category occurrence, little empirical work has directly compared between-group neural correlates of hallucinations. METHODS We performed whole-brain voxelwise meta-analyses of hallucination status across diagnoses using anisotropic effect-size seed-based d mapping (AES-SDM), and conducted a comprehensive systematic review in PubMed and Web of Science until May 2018 on other structural correlates of hallucinations, including cortical thickness and gyrification. FINDINGS 3214 abstracts were identified. Patients with psychiatric disorders and hallucinations (eight studies) exhibited reduced gray matter (GM) in the left insula, right inferior frontal gyrus, left anterior cingulate/paracingulate gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, and increased in the bilateral fusiform gyrus, while patients with neurodegenerative disorders with hallucinations (eight studies) showed GM decreases in the left lingual gyrus, right supramarginal gyrus/parietal operculum, left parahippocampal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, right thalamus, and right lateral occipital gyrus. Group differences between psychiatric and neurodegenerative hallucination meta-analyses were formally confirmed using Monte Carlo randomizations to determine statistical significance, and a jackknife sensitivity analysis established the reproducibility of results across nearly all study combinations. For other structural measures (28 studies), the most consistent findings associated with hallucination status were reduced cortical thickness in temporal gyri in schizophrenia and altered hippocampal volume in Parkinson's disease and dementia. Additionally, increased severity of hallucinations in schizophrenia correlated with GM reductions within the left superior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, bilateral supramarginal and angular gyri. INTERPRETATION Distinct patterns of neuroanatomical alteration characterize hallucination status in patients with psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting a plurality of anatomical signatures. This approach has implications for treatment, theoretical frameworks, and generates refutable predictions for hallucinations in other diseases and their occurrence within the general population. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen P.E. Rollins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Corresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Jane R. Garrison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural & Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jon S. Simons
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural & Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James B. Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Graham K. Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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63
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Ghasemi M, Foroutannia A. Disruption of the Brain Resting State Networks in Parkinsonism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/shefa.7.1.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Bejr-Kasem H, Pagonabarraga J, Martínez-Horta S, Sampedro F, Marín-Lahoz J, Horta-Barba A, Aracil-Bolaños I, Pérez-Pérez J, Ángeles Botí M, Campolongo A, Izquierdo C, Pascual-Sedano B, Gómez-Ansón B, Kulisevsky J. Disruption of the default mode network and its intrinsic functional connectivity underlies minor hallucinations in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2018; 34:78-86. [PMID: 30536829 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minor hallucinations and well-structured hallucinations are considered in the severity continuum of the psychotic spectrum associated with Parkinson's disease. Although their chronological relationship is largely unknown, the spatial patterns of brain atrophy in these 2 forms of hallucinations partially overlap, suggesting they share similar pathophysiological processes. Functional connectivity studies show that disruption of functional networks involved in perception and attention could be relevant in the emergence of well-structured hallucinations. However, functional neuroimaging studies in patients with isolated minor hallucinations are lacking. The objectives of this study were to explore the structural and functional changes underlying minor hallucinations. METHODS We compared patients with (n = 18) and without (n = 14) minor hallucinations using a multimodal structural (gray-matter volume voxel-based morphometry) and functional (seed-to-whole-brain resting-state functional MRI) neuroimaging study. RESULTS Coincident with previously described structural changes in well-structured hallucinations in Parkinson's disease, patients with minor hallucinations exhibited gray-matter atrophy with significant voxel-wise differences in visuoperceptual processing areas and core regions of the default mode network. Functional connectivity changes consisted of altered connectivity within the default mode network, reduced negative correlation with task-positive network, and aberrant connectivity between posterior regions of the default mode network and visual-processing areas. These changes are in accordance with the attentional networks hypothesis proposed for well-structured hallucinations. CONCLUSIONS Although longitudinal studies are needed to assess the potential role of minor hallucinations as an early clinical biomarker of progression to well-structured hallucinations, the present findings show that the 2 phenomena share similar structural and functional brain correlates. © 2018 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Bejr-Kasem
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Pagonabarraga
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Saül Martínez-Horta
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Frederic Sampedro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Marín-Lahoz
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Horta-Barba
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Aracil-Bolaños
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Pérez
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Botí
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonia Campolongo
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Izquierdo
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Berta Pascual-Sedano
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gómez-Ansón
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Neuroradiology Unit, Radiology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaime Kulisevsky
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Sant Pau Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (U.A.B.), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red-Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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65
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Rajkumar R, Farrher E, Mauler J, Sripad P, Régio Brambilla C, Rota Kops E, Scheins J, Dammers J, Lerche C, Langen KJ, Herzog H, Biswal B, Shah NJ, Neuner I. Comparison of EEG microstates with resting state fMRI and FDG-PET measures in the default mode network via simultaneously recorded trimodal (PET/MR/EEG) data. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 42:4122-4133. [PMID: 30367727 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous trimodal positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography (PET/MRI/EEG) resting state (rs) brain data were acquired from 10 healthy male volunteers. The rs-functional MRI (fMRI) metrics, such as regional homogeneity (ReHo), degree centrality (DC) and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs), as well as 2-[18F]fluoro-2-desoxy-d-glucose (FDG)-PET standardised uptake value (SUV), were calculated and the measures were extracted from the default mode network (DMN) regions of the brain. Similarly, four microstates for each subject, showing the diverse functional states of the whole brain via topographical variations due to global field power (GFP), were estimated from artefact-corrected EEG signals. In this exploratory analysis, the GFP of microstates was nonparametrically compared to rs-fMRI metrics and FDG-PET SUV measured in the DMN of the brain. The rs-fMRI metrics (ReHO, fALFF) and FDG-PET SUV did not show any significant correlations with any of the microstates. The DC metric showed a significant positive correlation with microstate C (rs = 0.73, p = .01). FDG-PET SUVs indicate a trend for a negative correlation with microstates A, B and C. The positive correlation of microstate C with DC metrics suggests a functional relationship between cortical hubs in the frontal and occipital lobes. The results of this study suggest further exploration of this method in a larger sample and in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. The aim of this exploratory pilot study is to lay the foundation for the development of such multimodal measures to be applied as biomarkers for diagnosis, disease staging, treatment response and monitoring of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Rajkumar
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ezequiel Farrher
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jörg Mauler
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Praveen Sripad
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Cláudia Régio Brambilla
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elena Rota Kops
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheins
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Dammers
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christoph Lerche
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Langen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hans Herzog
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Bharat Biswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - N Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Monash Biomedical Imaging, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Irene Neuner
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany
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66
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Lanskey JH, McColgan P, Schrag AE, Acosta-Cabronero J, Rees G, Morris HR, Weil RS. Can neuroimaging predict dementia in Parkinson's disease? Brain 2018; 141:2545-2560. [PMID: 30137209 PMCID: PMC6113860 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia in Parkinson's disease affects 50% of patients within 10 years of diagnosis but there is wide variation in severity and timing. Thus, robust neuroimaging prediction of cognitive involvement in Parkinson's disease is important: (i) to identify at-risk individuals for clinical trials of potential new treatments; (ii) to provide reliable prognostic information for individuals and populations; and (iii) to shed light on the pathophysiological processes underpinning Parkinson's disease dementia. To date, neuroimaging has not made major contributions to predicting cognitive involvement in Parkinson's disease. This is perhaps unsurprising considering conventional methods rely on macroscopic measures of topographically distributed neurodegeneration, a relatively late event in Parkinson's dementia. However, new technologies are now emerging that could provide important insights through detection of other potentially relevant processes. For example, novel MRI approaches can quantify magnetic susceptibility as a surrogate for tissue iron content, and increasingly powerful mathematical approaches can characterize the topology of brain networks at the systems level. Here, we present an up-to-date overview of the growing role of neuroimaging in predicting dementia in Parkinson's disease. We discuss the most relevant findings to date, and consider the potential of emerging technologies to detect the earliest signs of cognitive involvement in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette H Lanskey
- Institute of Neurology, UCL, Queen Square, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter McColgan
- Huntington’s Disease Centre, UCL, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Anette E Schrag
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free Campus UCL Institute of Neurology, UK
| | | | - Geraint Rees
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, Queen Square, London, UK
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Huw R Morris
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Free Campus UCL Institute of Neurology, UK
- Department of Movement Disorders, UCL, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Rimona S Weil
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, Queen Square, London, UK
- UCL Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square, London, UK
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67
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Li DTH, Hui ES, Chan Q, Yao N, Chua SE, McAlonan GM, Pang SYY, Ho SL, Mak HKF. Quantitative susceptibility mapping as an indicator of subcortical and limbic iron abnormality in Parkinson's disease with dementia. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 20:365-373. [PMID: 30128274 PMCID: PMC6096006 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Late stage Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were commonly observed with other non-motor comorbidities such as dementia and psychosis. While abnormal iron level in the substantia nigra was clinically accepted as a biomarker of PD, it was also suggested that the increased iron deposition could impair other brain regions and induce non-motor symptoms. A new Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) called Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) has been found to measure iron concentration in the grey matter reliably. In this study, we investigated iron level of different subcortical and limbic structures of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with and without dementia by QSM. QSM and volumetric analysis by MRI were performed in 10 PD dementia (PDD) patients (73 ± 6 years), 31 PD patients (63 ± 8 years) and 27 healthy controls (62 ± 7 years). No significant differences were observed in the L-Dopa equivalent dosage for the two PD groups (p = 0.125). Putative iron content was evaluated in different subcortical and limbic structures of the three groups, as well as its relationship with cognitive performance. One-way ANCOVA with FDR adjustment at level of 0.05, adjusted for age and gender, showed significant group differences for left and right hippocampus (p = 0.015 & 0.032, respectively, BH-corrected for multiple ROIs) and right thalamus (p = 0.032, BH-corrected). Post-hoc test with Bonferroni's correction suggested higher magnetic susceptibility in PDD patients than healthy controls in the left and right hippocampus (p = 0.001 & 0.047, respectively, Bonferroni's corrected), while PD patients had higher magnetic susceptibility than the healthy controls in right hippocampus and right thalamus (p = 0.006 & 0.005, respectively, Bonferroni's corrected). PDD patients also had higher susceptibility than the non-demented PD patients in left hippocampus (p = 0.046, Bonferroni's corrected). The magnetic susceptibilities of the left and right hippocampus were negatively correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination score (r = -0.329 & -0.386, respectively; p < 0.05). This study provides support for iron accumulation in limbic structures of PDD and PD patients and its correlation with cognitive performance, however, its putative involvement in development of non-motor cognitive dysfunction in PD pathogenesis remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darrell T H Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Edward S Hui
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - N Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States,; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S E Chua
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,; Raffles Counselling Centre, Raffles Hospital, Singapore
| | - Gráinne M McAlonan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Shirley Y Y Pang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - S L Ho
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Henry K F Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,; Alzheimer's Disease Research Network, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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68
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Claustral structural connectivity and cognitive impairment in drug naïve Parkinson’s disease. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 13:933-944. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9907-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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69
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Age-related resting-state functional connectivity in the olfactory and trigeminal networks. Neuroreport 2018; 28:943-948. [PMID: 28914738 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Brain networks for intranasal chemosensation have been shown to be intrinsically organized in humans . However, little is known about how changes in the intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) in chemosensory networks are related to aging. We, therefore, investigated the impact of age on resting-state FC in the olfactory and trigeminal networks (ON and TN) by combining two freely available resting-state fMRI data sets (obtained from the NITRC.org; Atlanta and New York) with data collected in our lab to generate a large sample size (N=103; 51 women) spanning the age range of 20-61 years. Seed regions were defined using Montreal Neurological Institute's coordinates that anchor ON and TN in activation studies and meta-analyses. The ON included the piriform cortex and the oribtofrontal cortex. The TN included the anterior insula and the cingulate cortex. Scanner site, sex, and age were used as covariates in group-level analyses. The FC between the ON and the parahippocampal gyrus was correlated negatively with age. The FC between the TN and the parahippocampal gyrus, however, was positively correlated. Similarly, age was correlated positively with the ON FC to the ventral striatum and the TN FC to the default mode network. These results reflect divergent age-related alterations in the intrinsic FC of the human chemosensory system.
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70
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Bagarinao E, Tsuzuki E, Yoshida Y, Ozawa Y, Kuzuya M, Otani T, Koyama S, Isoda H, Watanabe H, Maesawa S, Naganawa S, Sobue G. Effects of Gradient Coil Noise and Gradient Coil Replacement on the Reproducibility of Resting State Networks. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:148. [PMID: 29725294 PMCID: PMC5917444 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability of the MRI scanner throughout a given study is critical in minimizing hardware-induced variability in the acquired imaging data set. However, MRI scanners do malfunction at times, which could generate image artifacts and would require the replacement of a major component such as its gradient coil. In this article, we examined the effect of low intensity, randomly occurring hardware-related noise due to a faulty gradient coil on brain morphometric measures derived from T1-weighted images and resting state networks (RSNs) constructed from resting state functional MRI. We also introduced a method to detect and minimize the effect of the noise associated with a faulty gradient coil. Finally, we assessed the reproducibility of these morphometric measures and RSNs before and after gradient coil replacement. Our results showed that gradient coil noise, even at relatively low intensities, could introduce a large number of voxels exhibiting spurious significant connectivity changes in several RSNs. However, censoring the affected volumes during the analysis could minimize, if not completely eliminate, these spurious connectivity changes and could lead to reproducible RSNs even after gradient coil replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erina Tsuzuki
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukina Yoshida
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yohei Ozawa
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Maki Kuzuya
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Otani
- Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shuji Koyama
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruo Isoda
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Maesawa
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Naganawa
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Brain and Mind Research Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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71
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Dayan E, Sklerov M, Browner N. Disrupted hypothalamic functional connectivity in patients with PD and autonomic dysfunction. Neurology 2018; 90:e2051-e2058. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo test whether symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson disease (PD) are associated with alterations in intrinsic hypothalamic functional connectivity, given the regulatory role of the hypothalamus (HTH) in the autonomic nervous system.MethodsResting-state fMRI scans from patients with PD were analyzed, comparing patients with the highest (n = 24) and lowest (n = 28) quartile scores in a questionnaire assessing autonomic dysfunction in PD (Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease–Autonomic [SCOPA-AUT]), obtained from a larger pool of patients (n = 93). Higher scores on the SCOPA-AUT indicate more severe symptoms. Seed-based functional connectivity maps, based on a seed region in the left and right HTH, were computed for each patient and compared by use of a general linear model, with false discovery rate correction for multiple comparisons. Partial correlation tests were additionally performed to test whether the associations between SCOPA-AUT scores and hypothalamic functional connectivity were independent of motor dysfunction, disease duration, cognitive function, and age.ResultsRelative to patients with PD with lower SCOPA-AUT scores, patients with higher scores displayed significantly reduced functional connectivity between the HTH and the striatum (caudate, putamen) and thalamus. The significant association between striato-thalamo-hypothalamic functional connectivity and SCOPA-AUT scores was retained after controlling for each patient's corresponding Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores, age, disease duration, and cognitive function.ConclusionsPatients with PD with symptoms of autonomic dysfunction show disrupted thalamo-striato-hypothalamic functional connectivity independently of overall motor dysfunction, disease duration, age and cognitive function. These findings suggest that symptoms of autonomic dysfunction in PD are accompanied by central deficits in the neural circuits that regulate autonomic function and their interaction with the basal ganglia.
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72
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Hohenfeld C, Werner CJ, Reetz K. Resting-state connectivity in neurodegenerative disorders: Is there potential for an imaging biomarker? Neuroimage Clin 2018; 18:849-870. [PMID: 29876270 PMCID: PMC5988031 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers in whichever modality are tremendously important in diagnosing of disease, tracking disease progression and clinical trials. This applies in particular for disorders with a long disease course including pre-symptomatic stages, in which only subtle signs of clinical progression can be observed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers hold particular promise due to their relative ease of use, cost-effectiveness and non-invasivity. Studies measuring resting-state functional MR connectivity have become increasingly common during recent years and are well established in neuroscience and related fields. Its increasing application does of course also include clinical settings and therein neurodegenerative diseases. In the present review, we critically summarise the state of the literature on resting-state functional connectivity as measured with functional MRI in neurodegenerative disorders. In addition to an overview of the results, we briefly outline the methods applied to the concept of resting-state functional connectivity. While there are many different neurodegenerative disorders cumulatively affecting a substantial number of patients, for most of them studies on resting-state fMRI are lacking. Plentiful amounts of papers are available for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), but only few works being available for the less common neurodegenerative diseases. This allows some conclusions on the potential of resting-state fMRI acting as a biomarker for the aforementioned two diseases, but only tentative statements for the others. For AD, the literature contains a relatively strong consensus regarding an impairment of the connectivity of the default mode network compared to healthy individuals. However, for AD there is no considerable documentation on how that alteration develops longitudinally with the progression of the disease. For PD, the available research points towards alterations of connectivity mainly in limbic and motor related regions and networks, but drawing conclusions for PD has to be done with caution due to a relative heterogeneity of the disease. For rare neurodegenerative diseases, no clear conclusions can be drawn due to the few published results. Nevertheless, summarising available data points towards characteristic connectivity alterations in Huntington's disease, frontotemporal dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, multiple systems atrophy and the spinocerebellar ataxias. Overall at this point in time, the data on AD are most promising towards the eventual use of resting-state fMRI as an imaging biomarker, although there remain issues such as reproducibility of results and a lack of data demonstrating longitudinal changes. Improved methods providing more precise classifications as well as resting-state network changes that are sensitive to disease progression or therapeutic intervention are highly desirable, before routine clinical use could eventually become a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hohenfeld
- RWTH Aachen University, Department of Neurology, Aachen, Germany; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Cornelius J Werner
- RWTH Aachen University, Department of Neurology, Aachen, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Section Interdisciplinary Geriatrics, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Reetz
- RWTH Aachen University, Department of Neurology, Aachen, Germany; JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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73
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Prell T. Structural and Functional Brain Patterns of Non-Motor Syndromes in Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2018; 9:138. [PMID: 29593637 PMCID: PMC5858029 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common, progressive and multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Advanced magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging can render the view toward understanding the neural basis of these non-motor syndromes, as they help to understand the underlying pathophysiological abnormalities. This review provides an up-to-date description of structural and functional brain alterations in patients with PD with cognitive deficits, visual hallucinations, fatigue, impulsive behavior disorders, sleep disorders, and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tino Prell
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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74
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Thibes RB, Novaes NP, Lucato LT, Campanholo KR, Melo LM, Leite CC, Amaro E, Barbosa ER, Bor-Seng-Shu E, Cardoso EF, Sato JR. Altered Functional Connectivity Between Precuneus and Motor Systems in Parkinson's Disease Patients. Brain Connect 2017; 7:643-647. [DOI: 10.1089/brain.2017.0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Benocci Thibes
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia P. Novaes
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Neurology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro T. Lucato
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kenia R. Campanholo
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano M. Melo
- Department of Neurology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudia C. Leite
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Amaro
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Egberto Reis Barbosa
- Department of Neurosurgery of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Bor-Seng-Shu
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ellison Fernando Cardoso
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Ricardo Sato
- Center for Mathematics, Computing and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil
- LIM44, Department of Radiology of HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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75
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Hepp DH, Foncke EMJ, Olde Dubbelink KTE, van de Berg WDJ, Berendse HW, Schoonheim MM. Loss of Functional Connectivity in Patients with Parkinson Disease and Visual Hallucinations. Radiology 2017; 285:896-903. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2017170438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar H. Hepp
- From the Department of Neurology (D.H.H., E.M.J.F., K.T.E.O.D., H.W.B.) and Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences (D.H.H., W.D.J.v.d.B., M.M.S.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M. J. Foncke
- From the Department of Neurology (D.H.H., E.M.J.F., K.T.E.O.D., H.W.B.) and Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences (D.H.H., W.D.J.v.d.B., M.M.S.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kim T. E. Olde Dubbelink
- From the Department of Neurology (D.H.H., E.M.J.F., K.T.E.O.D., H.W.B.) and Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences (D.H.H., W.D.J.v.d.B., M.M.S.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wilma D. J. van de Berg
- From the Department of Neurology (D.H.H., E.M.J.F., K.T.E.O.D., H.W.B.) and Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences (D.H.H., W.D.J.v.d.B., M.M.S.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henk W. Berendse
- From the Department of Neurology (D.H.H., E.M.J.F., K.T.E.O.D., H.W.B.) and Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences (D.H.H., W.D.J.v.d.B., M.M.S.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Menno M. Schoonheim
- From the Department of Neurology (D.H.H., E.M.J.F., K.T.E.O.D., H.W.B.) and Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences (D.H.H., W.D.J.v.d.B., M.M.S.), Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1108, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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76
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Abstract
Resting state studies in neuropsychiatric disorders have already provided much useful information, but the field is regarded as being at a relatively preliminary stage and subject to several design issues that set limits on the overall utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey David Pearlson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, 200 Retreat Avenue, Hartford, CT 06106, USA.
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77
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Trojano L, Papagno C. Cognitive and behavioral disorders in Parkinson's disease: an update. II: behavioral disorders. Neurol Sci 2017; 39:53-61. [PMID: 29038946 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-017-3155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) can experience several behavioral symptoms, such as apathy, agitation, hypersexuality, stereotypic movements, pathological gambling, abuse of antiparkinsonian drugs, and REM sleep behavioral disorders. Psychoses and hallucinations, depression and anxiety disorders, and difficulties in recognizing and experiencing emotions also impair behavior and can cause severe psychosocial problems in patients with PD. Symptoms can be present since early stages of the disease, sometimes even before the appearance of classical motor symptoms, likely in relation to dopamine depletion in basal ganglia and/or to dysfunctions of other neurotrasmitter systems, and others can develop later, in some cases in relation to dopaminergic treatment. In this paper, we review recent literature, with particular attention to the last 5 years, on the main behavioral and emotional disturbances described in PD patients as well as the hypothesized neurofunctional substrate of such impairments. Finally, we provide some suggestions on the most suitable instruments to check and assess PD-associated behavioral defects over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Trojano
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Viale Ellittico 31, 81100, Caserta, Italy.
- ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Telese Terme, Italy.
| | - Costanza Papagno
- CIMeC, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo 1, 02100, Milan, Italy.
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78
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Saenger VM, Kahan J, Foltynie T, Friston K, Aziz TZ, Green AL, van Hartevelt TJ, Cabral J, Stevner ABA, Fernandes HM, Mancini L, Thornton J, Yousry T, Limousin P, Zrinzo L, Hariz M, Marques P, Sousa N, Kringelbach ML, Deco G. Uncovering the underlying mechanisms and whole-brain dynamics of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9882. [PMID: 28851996 PMCID: PMC5574998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease is a highly effective treatment in controlling otherwise debilitating symptoms. Yet the underlying brain mechanisms are currently not well understood. Whole-brain computational modeling was used to disclose the effects of DBS during resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in ten patients with Parkinson's disease. Specifically, we explored the local and global impact that DBS has in creating asynchronous, stable or critical oscillatory conditions using a supercritical bifurcation model. We found that DBS shifts global brain dynamics of patients towards a Healthy regime. This effect was more pronounced in very specific brain areas such as the thalamus, globus pallidus and orbitofrontal regions of the right hemisphere (with the left hemisphere not analyzed given artifacts arising from the electrode lead). Global aspects of integration and synchronization were also rebalanced. Empirically, we found higher communicability and coherence brain measures during DBS-ON compared to DBS-OFF. Finally, using our model as a framework, artificial in silico DBS was applied to find potential alternative target areas for stimulation and whole-brain rebalancing. These results offer important insights into the underlying large-scale effects of DBS as well as in finding novel stimulation targets, which may offer a route to more efficacious treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Saenger
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08018, Spain
| | - Joshua Kahan
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience & Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Foltynie
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience & Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Friston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Tipu Z Aziz
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander L Green
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
| | - Tim J van Hartevelt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
- Center for Music in the Brain, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Joana Cabral
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
- Center for Music in the Brain, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Angus B A Stevner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
- Center for Music in the Brain, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henrique M Fernandes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom
- Center for Music in the Brain, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Laura Mancini
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - John Thornton
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Tarek Yousry
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia Limousin
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience & Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Ludvic Zrinzo
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience & Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Marwan Hariz
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience & Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, United Kingdom
| | - Paulo Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Morten L Kringelbach
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, United Kingdom.
- Center for Music in the Brain, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Gustavo Deco
- Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08018, Spain
- Instituci Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avanats (ICREA), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
- Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton VIC, 3800, Melbourne, Australia
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79
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Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive movement disorder of the central nervous system characterized by widespread alterations in several non-motor aspects such as mood, sleep, olfactory, and cognition in addition to motor dysfunctions. Advanced neuroimaging using functional connectivity reconstruction of the human brain has provided a vast knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this disorder, but this, however, does not cover the overall inter-/intra-individual variability of PD phenotypes. The present review is aimed at discussing to what extent the evidence provided by group-based neuroimaging analysis in this field of study (using seed-based, network-based, or graph theory approaches) may be generalized. In particular, we summarized the literature on the application of resting-state functional connectivity studies to explore different neural correlates of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD and the neural mechanisms involved in treatment effects: effects of levodopa or deep brain stimulation. The lesson learnt from one decade of studies provides consistent evidence on the role of the altered communication between the striato-frontal pathways as a marker of PD-related motor degeneration, whereas in the non-motor domain, several missing pieces of a complex puzzle are provided. However, the main target is to present a new era of intelligent neuroimaging applications, where automated multivariate analysis of functional connectivity data may be used for moving from group-level statistical results to personalized predictions in a clinical setting. Although in its relative infancy, the evidence gathered so far suggests a new era of clinical neuroimaging is starting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aldo Quattrone
- IBFM, National Research Council, Germaneto, CZ, Italy. .,Institute of Neurology, Department of Medical Sciences, University Magna Graecia Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
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80
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Pezzoli S, Cagnin A, Bandmann O, Venneri A. Structural and Functional Neuroimaging of Visual Hallucinations in Lewy Body Disease: A Systematic Literature Review. Brain Sci 2017; 7:E84. [PMID: 28714891 PMCID: PMC5532597 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci7070084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Lewy body disease (LBD) frequently experience visual hallucinations (VH), well-formed images perceived without the presence of real stimuli. The structural and functional brain mechanisms underlying VH in LBD are still unclear. The present review summarises the current literature on the neural correlates of VH in LBD, namely Parkinson's disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Following a systematic literature search, 56 neuroimaging studies of VH in PD and DLB were critically reviewed and evaluated for quality assessment. The main structural neuroimaging results on VH in LBD revealed grey matter loss in frontal areas in patients with dementia, and parietal and occipito-temporal regions in PD without dementia. Parietal and temporal hypometabolism was also reported in hallucinating PD patients. Disrupted functional connectivity was detected especially in the default mode network and fronto-parietal regions. However, evidence on structural and functional connectivity is still limited and requires further investigation. The current literature is in line with integrative models of VH suggesting a role of attention and perception deficits in the development of VH. However, despite the close relationship between VH and cognitive impairment, its associations with brain structure and function have been explored only by a limited number of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Pezzoli
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
| | - Annachiara Cagnin
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy.
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, 30126 Venice, Italy.
| | - Oliver Bandmann
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
| | - Annalena Venneri
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.
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81
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Altered brain metabolic connectivity at multiscale level in early Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4256. [PMID: 28652595 PMCID: PMC5484707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04102-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the effects of PD pathology on brain connectivity, we characterized with an emergent computational approach the brain metabolic connectome using [18F]FDG-PET in early idiopathic PD patients. We applied whole-brain and pathology-based connectivity analyses, using sparse-inverse covariance estimation in thirty-four cognitively normal PD cases and thirty-four age-matched healthy subjects for comparisons. Further, we assessed high-order resting state networks by interregional correlation analysis. Whole-brain analysis revealed altered metabolic connectivity in PD, with local decreases in frontolateral cortex and cerebellum and increases in the basal ganglia. Widespread long-distance decreases were present within the frontolateral cortex as opposed to connectivity increases in posterior cortical regions, all suggestive of a global-scale connectivity reconfiguration. The pathology-based analyses revealed significant connectivity impairment in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway and in the regions early affected by α-synuclein pathology. Notably, significant connectivity changes were present in several resting state networks especially in frontal regions. These findings expand previous imaging evidence of altered connectivity in cognitively stable PD patients by showing pathology-based connectivity changes and disease-specific metabolic architecture reconfiguration at multiple scale levels, from the earliest PD phases. These alterations go well beyond the known striato-cortical connectivity derangement supporting in vivo an extended neural vulnerability in the PD synucleinopathy.
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82
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Onofrj M, Carrozzino D, D’Amico A, Di Giacomo R, Delli Pizzi S, Thomas A, Onofrj V, Taylor JP, Bonanni L. Psychosis in parkinsonism: an unorthodox approach. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13:1313-1330. [PMID: 28553118 PMCID: PMC5439966 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s116116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD) is currently considered as the occurrence of hallucinations and delusions. The historical meaning of the term psychosis was, however, broader, encompassing a disorganization of both consciousness and personality, including behavior abnormalities, such as impulsive overactivity and catatonia, in complete definitions by the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). Our review is aimed at reminding that complex psychotic symptoms, including impulsive overactivity and somatoform disorders (the last being a recent controversial entity in PD), were carefully described in postencephalitic parkinsonism (PEP), many decades before dopaminergic treatment era, and are now described in other parkinsonisms than PD. Eminent neuropsychiatrists of the past century speculated that studying psychosis in PEP might highlight its mechanisms in other conditions. Yet, functional assessments were unavailable at the time. Therefore, the second part of our article reviews the studies of neural correlates of psychosis in parkinsonisms, by taking into account both theories on the narrative functions of the default mode network (DMN) and hypotheses on DMN modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Onofrj
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara
- CE.S.I. University Foundation
| | - Danilo Carrozzino
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Territorial Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatric Centre North Zealand, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Aurelio D’Amico
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara
- CE.S.I. University Foundation
| | - Roberta Di Giacomo
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara
- CE.S.I. University Foundation
| | - Stefano Delli Pizzi
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara
| | - Astrid Thomas
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara
- CE.S.I. University Foundation
| | - Valeria Onofrj
- Department of Bioimaging, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Laura Bonanni
- Department of Neuroscience Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara
- CE.S.I. University Foundation
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83
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Chang A, Fox SH. Psychosis in Parkinson's Disease: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Management. Drugs 2017; 76:1093-118. [PMID: 27312429 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-016-0600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Psychotic symptoms are common in Parkinson's disease (PD) and are associated with poorer quality of life and increased caregiver burden. PD psychosis is correlated with several factors, such as more advanced disease, cognitive impairment, depression, and sleep disorders. The underlying causes of psychosis in PD thus involve a complex interplay between exogenous (e.g., drugs, intercurrent illnesses) and endogenous (e.g., PD disease pathology) factors. Current theories of the pathophysiology of PD psychosis have come from several neuropathological and neuroimaging studies that implicate pathways involving visual processing and executive function, including temporo-limbic structures and neocortical gray matter with altered neurotransmitter functioning (e.g., dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine). Treatment of PD psychosis requires a step-wise process, including initial careful investigation of treatable triggering conditions and a comprehensive evaluation with adjustment of PD medications and/or initiation of specific antipsychotic therapies. Clozapine remains the only recommended drug for the treatment of PD psychosis; however, because of regular blood monitoring, quetiapine is usually first-line therapy, although less efficacious. Emerging studies have focused on agents involving other neurotransmitters, including the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor inverse agonist pimavanserin, cholinesterase inhibitors, and antidepressants and anxiolytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chang
- Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, 7th Floor, McLaughlin Pavilion, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.,Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Susan H Fox
- Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorder Clinic, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, 7th Floor, McLaughlin Pavilion, 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.
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84
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Tahmasian M, Eickhoff SB, Giehl K, Schwartz F, Herz DM, Drzezga A, van Eimeren T, Laird AR, Fox PT, Khazaie H, Zarei M, Eggers C, Eickhoff CR. Resting-state functional reorganization in Parkinson's disease: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Cortex 2017; 92:119-138. [PMID: 28467917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Studies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate underlying pathophysiology of motor and non-motor symptoms in PD yielded largely inconsistent results. This quantitative neuroimaging meta-analysis aims to identify consistent abnormal intrinsic functional patterns in PD across studies. We used PubMed to retrieve suitable resting-state studies and stereotactic data were extracted from 28 individual between-group comparisons. Convergence across their findings was tested using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) approach. We found convergent evidence for intrinsic functional disturbances in bilateral inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and the supramarginal gyrus in PD patients compared to healthy subjects. In follow-up task-based and task-independent functional connectivity (FC) analyses using two independent healthy subject data sets, we found that the regions showing convergent aberrations in PD formed an interconnected network mainly with the default mode network (DMN). Behavioral characterization of these regions using the BrainMap database suggested associated dysfunction of perception and executive processes. Taken together, our findings highlight the role of parietal cortex in the pathophysiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Tahmasian
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience & Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Giehl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Schwartz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Damian M Herz
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thilo van Eimeren
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angela R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Peter T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zarei
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Carsten Eggers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology, Phillips University Marburg, Germany
| | - Claudia R Eickhoff
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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85
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Lopes R, Delmaire C, Defebvre L, Moonen AJ, Duits AA, Hofman P, Leentjens AF, Dujardin K. Cognitive phenotypes in parkinson's disease differ in terms of brain-network organization and connectivity. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:1604-1621. [PMID: 27859960 PMCID: PMC6867173 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are common in Parkinson's disease and we suspect that dysfunctions of connected brain regions can be the source of these deficits. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in whole-brain intrinsic functional connectivity according to differences in cognitive profiles in Parkinson's disease. 119 participants were enrolled and divided into four groups according to their cognitive phenotypes (determined by a cluster analysis): (i) 31 cognitively intact patients (G1), (ii) 31 patients with only slight mental slowing (G2), (iii) 43 patients with mild to moderate deficits mainly in executive functions (G3), (iv) 14 patients with severe deficits in all cognitive domains (G4-5). Rs-fMRI whole-brain connectivity was examined by two complementary approaches: graph theory for studying network functional organization and network-based statistics (NBS) for exploring functional connectivity amongst brain regions. After adjustment for age, duration of formal education and center of acquisition, there were significant group differences for all functional organization indexes: functional organization decreased (G1 > G2 > G3 > G4-5) as cognitive impairment worsened. Between-group differences in functional connectivity (NBS corrected, P < 0.01) mainly concerned the ventral prefrontal, parietal, temporal and occipital cortices as well as the basal ganglia. In Parkinson's disease, brain network organization is progressively disrupted as cognitive impairment worsens, with an increasing number of altered connections between brain regions. We observed reduced connectivity in highly associative areas, even in patients with only slight mental slowing. The association of slowed mental processing with loss of connectivity between highly associative areas could be an early marker of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease and may contribute to the detection of prodromal forms of Parkinson's disease dementia. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1604-1621, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Lopes
- Univ. Lille, U1171 ‐ Degenerative & vascular cognitive disordersLilleFrance
- Inserm, U1171LilleFrance
- Neuroimaging DepartmentCHU LilleLilleFrance
| | - Christine Delmaire
- Univ. Lille, U1171 ‐ Degenerative & vascular cognitive disordersLilleFrance
- Inserm, U1171LilleFrance
- Neuroimaging DepartmentCHU LilleLilleFrance
| | - Luc Defebvre
- Univ. Lille, U1171 ‐ Degenerative & vascular cognitive disordersLilleFrance
- Inserm, U1171LilleFrance
- Neurology and Movement Disorders DepartmentCHU LilleLilleFrance
| | - Anja J. Moonen
- Department of PsychiatryMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Annelien A. Duits
- Department of PsychiatryMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Paul Hofman
- Department of RadiologyMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Albert F.G. Leentjens
- Department of PsychiatryMaastricht University Medical CentreMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Kathy Dujardin
- Univ. Lille, U1171 ‐ Degenerative & vascular cognitive disordersLilleFrance
- Inserm, U1171LilleFrance
- Neurology and Movement Disorders DepartmentCHU LilleLilleFrance
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86
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Ffytche DH, Creese B, Politis M, Chaudhuri KR, Weintraub D, Ballard C, Aarsland D. The psychosis spectrum in Parkinson disease. Nat Rev Neurol 2017; 13:81-95. [PMID: 28106066 PMCID: PMC5656278 DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2016.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In 2007, the clinical and research profile of illusions, hallucinations, delusions and related symptoms in Parkinson disease (PD) was raised with the publication of a consensus definition of PD psychosis. Symptoms that were previously deemed benign and clinically insignificant were incorporated into a continuum of severity, leading to the rapid expansion of literature focusing on clinical aspects, mechanisms and treatment. Here, we review this literature and the evolving view of PD psychosis. Key topics include the prospective risk of dementia in individuals with PD psychosis, and the causal and modifying effects of PD medication. We discuss recent developments, including recognition of an increase in the prevalence of psychosis with disease duration, addition of new visual symptoms to the psychosis continuum, and identification of frontal executive, visual perceptual and memory dysfunction at different disease stages. In addition, we highlight novel risk factors - for example, autonomic dysfunction - that have emerged from prospective studies, structural MRI evidence of frontal, parietal, occipital and hippocampal involvement, and approval of pimavanserin for the treatment of PD psychosis. The accumulating evidence raises novel questions and directions for future research to explore the clinical management and biomarker potential of PD psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic H Ffytche
- KCL-PARCOG group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, UK. De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Byron Creese
- KCL-PARCOG group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Marios Politis
- KCL-PARCOG group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Neurodegeneration Imaging Group, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - K Ray Chaudhuri
- KCL-PARCOG group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, National Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence, King's College London/Kings College Hospital, 5 Cutcombe Road, London SE5 9RT, UK
| | - Daniel Weintraub
- KCL-PARCOG group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania 3615 Chestnut Street, #330, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
- Parkinson's Disease and Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centres (PADRECC and MIRECC), Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Centre 3900 Woodland Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Clive Ballard
- KCL-PARCOG group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- KCL-PARCOG group, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &Neuroscience, King's College London, UK. De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK
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87
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O'Callaghan C, Kveraga K, Shine JM, Adams RB, Bar M. Predictions penetrate perception: Converging insights from brain, behaviour and disorder. Conscious Cogn 2017; 47:63-74. [PMID: 27222169 PMCID: PMC5764074 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is argued that during ongoing visual perception, the brain is generating top-down predictions to facilitate, guide and constrain the processing of incoming sensory input. Here we demonstrate that these predictions are drawn from a diverse range of cognitive processes, in order to generate the richest and most informative prediction signals. This is consistent with a central role for cognitive penetrability in visual perception. We review behavioural and mechanistic evidence that indicate a wide spectrum of domains-including object recognition, contextual associations, cognitive biases and affective state-that can directly influence visual perception. We combine these insights from the healthy brain with novel observations from neuropsychiatric disorders involving visual hallucinations, which highlight the consequences of imbalance between top-down signals and incoming sensory information. Together, these lines of evidence converge to indicate that predictive penetration, be it cognitive, social or emotional, should be considered a fundamental framework that supports visual perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire O'Callaghan
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Kestutis Kveraga
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - James M Shine
- School of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Reginald B Adams
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Moshe Bar
- Gonda Center for Brain Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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88
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ffytche DH, Aarsland D. Psychosis in Parkinson's Disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 133:585-622. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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89
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Ehgoetz Martens KA, Lewis SJG. Pathology of behavior in PD: What is known and what is not? J Neurol Sci 2016; 374:9-16. [PMID: 28089250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal behavior in Parkinson's disease (PD) stems from a complex orchestration of impaired neural networks that result from PD-related neurodegeneration across multiple levels. Typically, cellular and tissue abnormalities generate neurochemical changes and disrupt specific regions of the brain, in turn creating impaired neural circuits and dysfunctional global networks. The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of the array of pathological changes that have been linked to different behavioral symptoms of PD such as depression, anxiety, apathy, fatigue, impulse control disorders, psychosis, sleep disorders and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylena A Ehgoetz Martens
- Parkinson Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 100 Mallet Street, Camperdown, 2050, NSW, Australia.
| | - Simon J G Lewis
- Parkinson Disease Research Clinic, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, 100 Mallet Street, Camperdown, 2050, NSW, Australia
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90
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Pan P, Zhan H, Xia M, Zhang Y, Guan D, Xu Y. Aberrant regional homogeneity in Parkinson's disease: A voxel-wise meta-analysis of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 72:223-231. [PMID: 27916710 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Studies of abnormal regional homogeneity (ReHo) in Parkinson's disease (PD) have reported inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis using the Seed-based d Mapping software package to identify the most consistent and replicable findings. A systematic literature search was performed to identify eligible whole-brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging studies that had measured differences in ReHo between patients with PD and healthy controls between January 2000 and June 4, 2016. A total of ten studies reporting 11 comparisons (212 patients; 182 controls) were included. Increased ReHo was consistently identified in the bilateral inferior parietal lobules, bilateral medial prefrontal cortices, and left cerebellum of patients with PD when compared to healthy controls, while decreased ReHo was observed in the right putamen, right precentral gyrus, and left lingual gyrus. The results of the current meta-analysis demonstrate a consistent and coexistent pattern of impairment and compensation of intrinsic brain activity that predominantly involves the default mode and motor networks, which may advance our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- PingLei Pan
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Yancheng, PR China
| | - Hui Zhan
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - MingXu Xia
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - DeNing Guan
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China; Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, PR China; The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China; Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, PR China; Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, PR China.
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91
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Alderson-Day B, Diederen K, Fernyhough C, Ford JM, Horga G, Margulies DS, McCarthy-Jones S, Northoff G, Shine JM, Turner J, van de Ven V, van Lutterveld R, Waters F, Jardri R. Auditory Hallucinations and the Brain's Resting-State Networks: Findings and Methodological Observations. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:1110-23. [PMID: 27280452 PMCID: PMC4988751 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the potential for alterations to the brain's resting-state networks (RSNs) to explain various kinds of psychopathology. RSNs provide an intriguing new explanatory framework for hallucinations, which can occur in different modalities and population groups, but which remain poorly understood. This collaboration from the International Consortium on Hallucination Research (ICHR) reports on the evidence linking resting-state alterations to auditory hallucinations (AH) and provides a critical appraisal of the methodological approaches used in this area. In the report, we describe findings from resting connectivity fMRI in AH (in schizophrenia and nonclinical individuals) and compare them with findings from neurophysiological research, structural MRI, and research on visual hallucinations (VH). In AH, various studies show resting connectivity differences in left-hemisphere auditory and language regions, as well as atypical interaction of the default mode network and RSNs linked to cognitive control and salience. As the latter are also evident in studies of VH, this points to a domain-general mechanism for hallucinations alongside modality-specific changes to RSNs in different sensory regions. However, we also observed high methodological heterogeneity in the current literature, affecting the ability to make clear comparisons between studies. To address this, we provide some methodological recommendations and options for future research on the resting state and hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kelly Diederen
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Judith M. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Guillermo Horga
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel S. Margulies
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy & Connectivity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Georg Northoff
- Mind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics Research Unit, The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - James M. Shine
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Jessica Turner
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Vincent van de Ven
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Remko van Lutterveld
- Center for Mindfulness, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Flavie Waters
- North Metro Health Service Mental Health, Graylands Health Campus, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Renaud Jardri
- Univ Lille, CNRS (UMR 9193), SCALab & CHU Lille, Psychiatry dept. (CURE), Lille, France
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92
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Borchert RJ, Rittman T, Passamonti L, Ye Z, Sami S, Jones SP, Nombela C, Vázquez Rodríguez P, Vatansever D, Rae CL, Hughes LE, Robbins TW, Rowe JB. Atomoxetine Enhances Connectivity of Prefrontal Networks in Parkinson's Disease. Neuropsychopharmacology 2016; 41:2171-7. [PMID: 26837463 PMCID: PMC4856878 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease (PD), but often not improved by dopaminergic treatment. New treatment strategies targeting other neurotransmitter deficits are therefore of growing interest. Imaging the brain at rest ('task-free') provides the opportunity to examine the impact of a candidate drug on many of the brain networks that underpin cognition, while minimizing task-related performance confounds. We test this approach using atomoxetine, a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that modulates the prefrontal cortical activity and can facilitate some executive functions and response inhibition. Thirty-three patients with idiopathic PD underwent task-free fMRI. Patients were scanned twice in a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, following either placebo or 40-mg oral atomoxetine. Seventy-six controls were scanned once without medication to provide normative data. Seed-based correlation analyses were used to measure changes in functional connectivity, with the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) a critical region for executive function. Patients on placebo had reduced connectivity relative to controls from right IFG to dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and to left IFG and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Atomoxetine increased connectivity from the right IFG to the dorsal anterior cingulate. In addition, the atomoxetine-induced change in connectivity from right IFG to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was proportional to the change in verbal fluency, a simple index of executive function. The results support the hypothesis that atomoxetine may restore prefrontal networks related to executive functions. We suggest that task-free imaging can support translational pharmacological studies of new drug therapies and provide evidence for engagement of the relevant neurocognitive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Borchert
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Timothy Rittman
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Luca Passamonti
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,National Research Council, Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Zheng Ye
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Saber Sami
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon P Jones
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cristina Nombela
- Systems and Automatic Control Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | | | | | - Charlotte L Rae
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness Science, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK,Department of Psychiatry, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK
| | - Laura E Hughes
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- University of Cambridge Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - James B Rowe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,University of Cambridge Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Cambridge, UK,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Herchel Smith Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB3 0SZ, UK, Tel: +44 1223 760695, Fax: +44 1223 336581, E-mail:
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93
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Vo A, Sako W, Fujita K, Peng S, Mattis PJ, Skidmore FM, Ma Y, Uluğ AM, Eidelberg D. Parkinson's disease-related network topographies characterized with resting state functional MRI. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 38:617-630. [PMID: 27207613 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial covariance mapping can be used to identify and measure the activity of disease-related functional brain networks. While this approach has been widely used in the analysis of cerebral blood flow and metabolic PET scans, it is not clear whether it can be reliably applied to resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data. In this study, we present a novel method based on independent component analysis (ICA) to characterize specific network topographies associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Using rs-fMRI data from PD and healthy subjects, we used ICA with bootstrap resampling to identify a PD-related pattern that reliably discriminated the two groups. This topography, termed rs-MRI PD-related pattern (fPDRP), was similar to previously characterized disease-related patterns identified using metabolic PET imaging. Following pattern identification, we validated the fPDRP by computing its expression in rs-fMRI testing data on a prospective case basis. Indeed, significant increases in fPDRP expression were found in separate sets of PD and control subjects. In addition to providing a similar degree of group separation as PET, fPDRP values correlated with motor disability and declined toward normal with levodopa administration. Finally, we used this approach in conjunction with neuropsychological performance measures to identify a separate PD cognition-related pattern in the patients. This pattern, termed rs-fMRI PD cognition-related pattern (fPDCP), was topographically similar to its PET-derived counterpart. Subject scores for the fPDCP correlated with executive function in both training and testing data. These findings suggest that ICA can be used in conjunction with bootstrap resampling to identify and validate stable disease-related network topographies in rs-fMRI. Hum Brain Mapp 38:617-630, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Vo
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Wataru Sako
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Koji Fujita
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Shichun Peng
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Paul J Mattis
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York.,Department of Neurology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York
| | - Frank M Skidmore
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Yilong Ma
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - Aziz M Uluğ
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
| | - David Eidelberg
- Center for Neurosciences, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York
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94
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Caviness JN, Lue LF, Hentz JG, Schmitz CT, Adler CH, Shill HA, Sabbagh MN, Beach TG, Walker DG. Cortical phosphorylated α-Synuclein levels correlate with brain wave spectra in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 2016; 31:1012-9. [PMID: 27062301 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quantitative EEG features have been identified as surrogates and predictors of cognitive decline/dementia, a common feature of progressive PD. The biochemical correlates for altered quantitative EEG features are unknown. Our primary objective was to test the hypothesis that quantitative EEG measures correlate with cortical levels of phosphorylated α-synuclein, a modified form of the synaptic protein α-synuclein, in PD cases, in contrast to other pathology-associated proteins. A secondary objective was to explore the same correlations among cellular fractions of these proteins. METHODS We used posterior cingulate cortex autopsy tissue from 44 PD subjects with various degrees of cognitive decline, who had undergone EEG. In this brain region, which is a major hub of the default mode network, biochemical measurements for levels of phosphorylated α-synuclein, unmodified α-synuclein, amyloid beta peptide, phosphorylated tau, and key synaptic proteins were analyzed and data correlated with spectral EEG measures. RESULTS Findings revealed significant correlations between background rhythm peak frequency and all bandpower values (highest in delta bandpower) with total phosphorylated α-synuclein, but not any correlation with total α-synuclein, phosphorylated tau protein, amyloid beta peptide, or synaptic proteins. Certain fractions of synaptosomal-associated protein 25 showed correlation with some quantitative EEG measures. CONCLUSIONS These data show an association between increased phosphorylation of α-synuclein and the abnormal EEG signatures of cognitive decline. Results suggest that quantitative EEG may provide an in vivo approximation of phosphorylated α-synuclein in PD cortex. This adds to previous evidence that quantitative EEG measures can be considered valid biomarkers of PD cognitive decline. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Caviness
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Lih-Fen Lue
- Laboratories of Neuroregeneration and Neuroinflammation, Banner-Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA
| | - Joseph G Hentz
- Department of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Christopher T Schmitz
- Laboratories of Neuroregeneration and Neuroinflammation, Banner-Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA
| | - Charles H Adler
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA
| | - Holly A Shill
- Cleo Roberts Center, Banner-Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA
| | - Marwan N Sabbagh
- Cleo Roberts Center, Banner-Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Department of Neuropathology, Banner-Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA
| | - Douglas G Walker
- Laboratories of Neuroregeneration and Neuroinflammation, Banner-Sun Health Research Institute, Sun City, Arizona, USA
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95
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Dysfunction in attentional processing in patients with Parkinson’s disease and visual hallucinations. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2016; 123:503-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-016-1528-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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96
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Mohan A, Roberto AJ, Mohan A, Lorenzo A, Jones K, Carney MJ, Liogier-Weyback L, Hwang S, Lapidus KA. The Significance of the Default Mode Network (DMN) in Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Review. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 89:49-57. [PMID: 27505016 PMCID: PMC4797836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The relationship of cortical structure and specific neuronal circuitry to global brain function, particularly its perturbations related to the development and progression of neuropathology, is an area of great interest in neurobehavioral science. Disruption of these neural networks can be associated with a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Herein we review activity of the Default Mode Network (DMN) in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Epilepsy (Temporal Lobe Epilepsy - TLE), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and mood disorders. We discuss the implications of DMN disruptions and their relationship to the neurocognitive model of each disease entity, the utility of DMN assessment in clinical evaluation, and the changes of the DMN following treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron J. Roberto
- Clinical fellow, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Aileen Lorenzo
- Resident physician, Adult Psychiatry, Westchester Medical Center, New York Medical College, Westchester, New York
| | - Kathryn Jones
- Clinical fellow, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Luis Liogier-Weyback
- Neurosurgery resident physician, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Soonjo Hwang
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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97
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Yao N, Cheung C, Pang S, Shek-kwan Chang R, Lau KK, Suckling J, Yu K, Ka-Fung Mak H, Chua SE, Ho SL, McAlonan GM. Multimodal MRI of the hippocampus in Parkinson's disease with visual hallucinations. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 221:287-300. [PMID: 25287513 PMCID: PMC4720723 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0907-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Visual hallucinations carry poor prognosis in Parkinson's disease. Here we tested the hypothesis that the hippocampus and visuospatial memory impairment play a central role in the pathology of PD with visual hallucinations. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was carried out in 12 people with PD and visual hallucinations; 15 PD individuals without hallucinations; and 14 healthy controls. Age, gender, cognitive ability, and education level were matched across the three groups. PD patients were taking dopaminergic medication. Hippocampal volume, shape, mean diffusivity (MD), and functional connectivity within the whole brain were examined. Visuospatial memory was compared between groups, and correlations with hippocampal MD, functional connectivity, and the severity of hallucinations were explored. There were no macrostructural differences across groups, but individuals with hallucinations had higher diffusivity in posterior hippocampus than the other two groups. Visuospatial memory was poorer in both PD groups compared to controls, and was correlated with hallucinations. Finally, hippocampal functional connectivity in the visual cortices was lower in those with hallucinations than other groups, and this correlated with visuospatial memory impairment. In contrast, functional connectivity between the hippocampus and default mode network regions and frontal regions was greater in the PD hallucinators compared to other groups. We suggest that hippocampal pathology, which disrupts visuospatial memory, makes a key contribution to visual hallucinations in PD. These findings may pave the way for future studies of imaging biomarkers to measure treatment response in those with PD who are most at risk of poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nailin Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Charlton Cheung
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Shirley Pang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Richard Shek-kwan Chang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kui Kai Lau
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, United Kingdom and Cambridge and Peterborough Foundation NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kevin Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Henry Ka-Fung Mak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Siew Eng Chua
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Shu-Leong Ho
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Grainne M McAlonan
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
- State Key Laboratory for Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, UK.
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98
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fMRI in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Scientific Insights to Clinical Applications. NEUROMETHODS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-5611-1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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99
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A systematic review on the applications of resting-state fMRI in Parkinson's disease: Does dopamine replacement therapy play a role? Cortex 2015; 73:80-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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100
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Peraza LR, Colloby SJ, Firbank MJ, Greasy GS, McKeith IG, Kaiser M, O'Brien J, Taylor J. Resting state in Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies: commonalities and differences. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2015; 30:1135-46. [PMID: 26270627 PMCID: PMC4737212 DOI: 10.1002/gps.4342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) are two dementias with overlapping phenotypes. Clinically, these are differentiated by the one-year precedence rule between the onset of dementia with respect to Parkinsonism. In this report we aimed to find differences between DLB and PDD in functional connectivity (FC) using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging, which we hypothesised would reflect the underlying pathological differences between DLB and PDD. METHODS The study cohort comprised of 18 patients with DLB, 12 with PDD and 17 healthy control (HC) groups. Eight cortical and four subcortical seeds were chosen, and time series extracted to estimate correlation maps. We also implemented a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis to assess regional grey matter differences. FC analysis was corrected for age, sex and regional grey matter differences. RESULTS The FC analysis showed greater alterations in DLB than in PDD for seeds placed within the fronto-parietal network (FPN), whilst in contrast, for the supplementary motor area seed FC alterations were more apparent in PDD than in DLB. However, when comparing DLB and PDD, no significant differences were found. In addition, VBM analysis revealed greater atrophy in PDD than HC and DLB in the bilateral motor cortices and precuneus respectively. CONCLUSIONS PDD and DLB demonstrate similar FC alterations in the brain. However, attention- and motor-related seeds revealed subtle differences between both conditions when compared with HC, which may relate to the neuropathology and chronological precedence of core symptoms in the Lewy body dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis R. Peraza
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK,Institute of Ageing, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Sean J. Colloby
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Michael J. Firbank
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - G. Shirmin Greasy
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Ian G. McKeith
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK,Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing ScienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - John O'Brien
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK,Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Biomedical CampusUniversity of Cambridge School of Clinical MedicineCambridgeUK
| | - John‐Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and VitalityNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
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