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Kopetzky SJ, Li Y, Kaiser M, Butz-Ostendorf M. Predictability of intelligence and age from structural connectomes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301599. [PMID: 38557681 PMCID: PMC10984540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, structural images of 1048 healthy subjects from the Human Connectome Project Young Adult study and 94 from ADNI-3 study were processed by an in-house tractography pipeline and analyzed together with pre-processed data of the same subjects from braingraph.org. Whole brain structural connectome features were used to build a simple correlation-based regression machine learning model to predict intelligence and age of healthy subjects. Our results showed that different forms of intelligence as well as age are predictable to a certain degree from diffusion tensor imaging detecting anatomical fiber tracts in the living human brain. Though we did not identify significant differences in the prediction capability for the investigated features depending on the imaging feature extraction method, we did find that crystallized intelligence was consistently better predictable than fluid intelligence from structural connectivity data through all datasets. Our findings suggest a practical and scalable processing and analysis framework to explore broader research topics employing brain MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian J. Kopetzky
- Labvantage—Biomax GmbH, Planegg, Germany
- School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Labvantage—Biomax GmbH, Planegg, Germany
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Precision Imaging Beacon, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Markus Butz-Ostendorf
- Labvantage—Biomax GmbH, Planegg, Germany
- Laboratory for Parallel Programming, Department of Computer Science, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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2
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Giles HV, Drayson MT, Kishore B, Pawlyn C, Kaiser M, Cook G, de Tute R, Owen RG, Cairns D, Menzies T, Davies FE, Morgan GJ, Pratt G, Jackson GH. Progression free survival of myeloma patients who become IFE-negative correlates with the detection of residual monoclonal free light chain (FLC) by mass spectrometry. Blood Cancer J 2024; 14:50. [PMID: 38499538 PMCID: PMC10948753 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-024-00995-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Deeper responses are associated with improved survival in patients being treated for myeloma. However, the sensitivity of the current blood-based assays is limited. Historical studies suggested that normalisation of the serum free light chain (FLC) ratio in patients who were negative by immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) was associated with improved outcomes. However, recently this has been called into question. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based FLC assessments may offer a superior methodology for the detection of monoclonal FLC due to greater sensitivity. To test this hypothesis, all available samples from patients who were IFE negative after treatment with carfilzomib and lenalidomide-based induction and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in the Myeloma XI trial underwent FLC-MS testing. FLC-MS response assessments from post-induction, day+100 post-ASCT and six months post-maintenance randomisation were compared to serum FLC assay results. Almost 40% of patients had discordant results and 28.7% of patients with a normal FLC ratio had residual monoclonal FLC detectable by FLC-MS. FLC-MS positivity was associated with reduced progression-free survival (PFS) but an abnormal FLC ratio was not. This study demonstrates that FLC-MS provides a superior methodology for the detection of residual monoclonal FLC with FLC-MS positivity identifying IFE-negative patients who are at higher risk of early progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Giles
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | | | - B Kishore
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - C Pawlyn
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Kaiser
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - G Cook
- Leeds Cancer Research UK Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - R de Tute
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - R G Owen
- Haematological Malignancy Diagnostic Service, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - D Cairns
- Leeds Cancer Research UK Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - T Menzies
- Leeds Cancer Research UK Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - F E Davies
- Myeloma Research Program, Perlmutter Cancer, NYU Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - G J Morgan
- Myeloma Research Program, Perlmutter Cancer, NYU Langone Health, New York, USA
| | - G Pratt
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - G H Jackson
- Department of Haematology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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3
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Kaiser M. Ten simple rules for establishing an experimental lab. PLoS Comput Biol 2024; 20:e1011778. [PMID: 38271301 PMCID: PMC10810451 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Kaiser
- Precision Imaging, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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4
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Mackay M, Huo S, Kaiser M. Spatial organisation of the mesoscale connectome: A feature influencing synchrony and metastability of network dynamics. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011349. [PMID: 37552650 PMCID: PMC10437862 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant research has investigated synchronisation in brain networks, but the bulk of this work has explored the contribution of brain networks at the macroscale. Here we explore the effects of changing network topology on functional dynamics in spatially constrained random networks representing mesoscale neocortex. We use the Kuramoto model to simulate network dynamics and explore synchronisation and critical dynamics of the system as a function of topology in randomly generated networks with a distance-related wiring probability and no preferential attachment term. We show networks which predominantly make short-distance connections smooth out the critical coupling point and show much greater metastability, resulting in a wider range of coupling strengths demonstrating critical dynamics and metastability. We show the emergence of cluster synchronisation in these geometrically-constrained networks with functional organisation occurring along structural connections that minimise the participation coefficient of the cluster. We show that these cohorts of internally synchronised nodes also behave en masse as weakly coupled nodes and show intra-cluster desynchronisation and resynchronisation events related to inter-cluster interaction. While cluster synchronisation appears crucial to healthy brain function, it may also be pathological if it leads to unbreakable local synchronisation which may happen at extreme topologies, with implications for epilepsy research, wider brain function and other domains such as social networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mackay
- Newcastle University, School of Computing, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Siyu Huo
- East China Normal University, School of Physics and Electronic Science, Shanghai, China
- University of Nottingham, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- University of Nottingham, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- University of Nottingham, Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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5
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Kaiser M. Connectomes: from a sparsity of networks to large-scale databases. Front Neuroinform 2023; 17:1170337. [PMID: 37377946 PMCID: PMC10291062 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2023.1170337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The analysis of whole brain networks started in the 1980s when only a handful of connectomes were available. In these early days, information about the human connectome was absent and one could only dream about having information about connectivity in a single human subject. Thanks to non-invasive methods such as diffusion imaging, we now know about connectivity in many species and, for some species, in many individuals. To illustrate the rapid change in availability of connectome data, the UK Biobank is on track to record structural and functional connectivity in 100,000 human subjects. Moreover, connectome data from a range of species is now available: from Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly to pigeons, rodents, cats, non-human primates, and humans. This review will give a brief overview of what structural connectivity data is now available, how connectomes are organized, and how their organization shows common features across species. Finally, I will outline some of the current challenges and potential future work in making use of connectome information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Kaiser
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Zaaimi B, Turnbull M, Hazra A, Wang Y, Gandara C, McLeod F, McDermott EE, Escobedo-Cousin E, Idil AS, Bailey RG, Tardio S, Patel A, Ponon N, Gausden J, Walsh D, Hutchings F, Kaiser M, Cunningham MO, Clowry GJ, LeBeau FEN, Constandinou TG, Baker SN, Donaldson N, Degenaar P, O'Neill A, Trevelyan AJ, Jackson A. Closed-loop optogenetic control of the dynamics of neural activity in non-human primates. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:559-575. [PMID: 36266536 PMCID: PMC7614485 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electrical neurostimulation is effective in the treatment of neurological disorders, but associated recording artefacts generally limit its applications to open-loop stimuli. Real-time and continuous closed-loop control of brain activity can, however, be achieved by pairing concurrent electrical recordings and optogenetics. Here we show that closed-loop optogenetic stimulation with excitatory opsins enables the precise manipulation of neural dynamics in brain slices from transgenic mice and in anaesthetized non-human primates. The approach generates oscillations in quiescent tissue, enhances or suppresses endogenous patterns in active tissue and modulates seizure-like bursts elicited by the convulsant 4-aminopyridine. A nonlinear model of the phase-dependent effects of optical stimulation reproduced the modulation of cycles of local-field potentials associated with seizure oscillations, as evidenced by the systematic changes in the variability and entropy of the phase-space trajectories of seizures, which correlated with changes in their duration and intensity. We also show that closed-loop optogenetic neurostimulation could be delivered using intracortical optrodes incorporating light-emitting diodes. Closed-loop optogenetic approaches may be translatable to therapeutic applications in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Zaaimi
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Turnbull
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - A Hazra
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Y Wang
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - C Gandara
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - F McLeod
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - E E McDermott
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | | | - A Shah Idil
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - R G Bailey
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - S Tardio
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - A Patel
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - N Ponon
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - J Gausden
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - D Walsh
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - F Hutchings
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - M Kaiser
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- NIHR, Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - M O Cunningham
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G J Clowry
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - F E N LeBeau
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - T G Constandinou
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - S N Baker
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - N Donaldson
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - P Degenaar
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - A O'Neill
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - A J Trevelyan
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - A Jackson
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK.
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Yu Q, Yin D, Kaiser M, Xu G, Guo M, Liu F, Li J, Fan M. Pathway-Specific Mediation Effect Between Structure, Function, and Motor Impairment After Subcortical Stroke. Neurology 2023; 100:e616-e626. [PMID: 36307219 PMCID: PMC9946180 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To investigate the pathway-specific correspondence between structural and functional changes resulting from focal subcortical stroke and their causal influence on clinical symptom. METHODS In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, we mainly focused on patients with unilateral subcortical chronic stroke with moderate-severe motor impairment assessed by Fugl-Meyer Assessment (upper extremity) and healthy controls. All participants underwent both resting-state fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging. To parse the pathway-specific structure-function covariation, we performed association analyses between the fine-grained corticospinal tracts (CSTs) originating from 6 subareas of the sensorimotor cortex and functional connectivity (FC) of the corresponding subarea, along with the refined corpus callosum (CC) sections and interhemispheric FC. A mediation analysis with FC as the mediator was used to further assess the pathway-specific effects of structural damage on motor impairment. RESULTS Thirty-five patients (mean age 52.7 ± 10.2 years, 27 men) and 43 healthy controls (mean age 56.2 ± 9.3 years, 21 men) were enrolled. Among the 6 CSTs, we identified 9 structurally and functionally covaried pathways, originating from the ipsilesional primary motor area (M1), dorsal premotor area (PMd), and primary somatosensory cortex (p < 0.05, corrected). FC for the bilateral M1, PMd, and ventral premotor cortex covaried with secondary degeneration of the corresponding CC sections (p < 0.05, corrected). Moreover, these covarying structures and functions were significantly correlated with the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (upper extremity) scores (p < 0.05, uncorrected). In particular, FC between the ipsilesional PMd and contralesional cerebellum (β = -0.141, p < 0.05, CI = [-0.319 to -0.015]) and interhemispheric FC of the PMd (β = 0.169, p < 0.05, CI = [0.015-0.391]) showed significant mediation effects in the prediction of motor impairment with structural damage of the CST and CC. DISCUSSIONS This study reveals causal influence of structural and functional pathways on motor impairment after subcortical stroke and provides a promising way to investigate pathway-specific structure-function coupling. Clinically, our findings may offer a circuit-based evidence for the PMd as a critical neuromodulation target in more impaired patients with stroke and also suggest the cerebellum as a potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingxia Fan
- From the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance (Q.Y., G.X., M.G., F.L., J.L., M.F.), School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education) (D.Y.), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University; Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center (D.Y.); Precision Imaging Beacon (M.K.), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom; and School of Medicine (M.K.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China.
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8
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Lai Y, He N, Wei H, Deng L, Zhou H, Li J, Kaiser M, Zhang C, Li D, Sun B. Value of functional connectivity in outcome prediction for pallidal stimulation in Parkinson disease. J Neurosurg 2023; 138:27-37. [PMID: 35523258 DOI: 10.3171/2022.3.jns212732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional connectivity shows the ability to predict the outcome of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (DBS) in Parkinson disease (PD). However, evidence supporting its value in predicting the outcome of globus pallidus internus (GPi) DBS remains scarce. In this study the authors investigated patient-specific functional connectivity related to GPi DBS outcome in PD and established connectivity models for outcome prediction. METHODS The authors reviewed the outcomes of 21 patients with PD who received bilateral GPi DBS and presurgical functional MRI at the Ruijin Hospital. The connectivity profiles within cortical areas identified as relevant to DBS outcome in the literature were calculated using the intersection of the volume of tissue activated (VTA) and the local structures as the seeds. Combined with the leave-one-out cross-validation strategy, models of the optimal connectivity profile were constructed to predict outcome. RESULTS Connectivity between the pallidal areas and primary motor area, supplementary motor area (SMA), and premotor cortex was identified through the literature as related to GPi DBS outcome. The similarity between the connectivity profile within the primary motor area, SMA, pre-SMA, and premotor cortex seeding from the VTA-GPi intersection from an out-of-sample patient and the constructed in-sample optimal connectivity profile predicts GPi DBS outcome (R = 0.58, p = 0.006). The predictions on average deviated by 13.1% ± 11.3% from actual improvements. On the contrary, connectivity profiles seeding from the GPi (R = -0.12, p = 0.603), the VTA (R = 0.23, p = 0.308), the VTA outside the GPi (R = 0.12, p = 0.617), or other local structures were found not to be predictive. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that patient-specific functional connectivity seeding from the VTA-GPi intersection could help in GPi DBS outcome prediction. Reproducibility remains to be determined across centers in larger cohorts stratified by PD motor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Lai
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Naying He
- 2Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjiang Wei
- 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lifu Deng
- 4Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- 5Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Li
- 6School of Information Science and Technology, Shanghai Technical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- 7School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom; and
| | - Chencheng Zhang
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,8Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China
| | - Dianyou Li
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bomin Sun
- 1Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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9
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Hayward CJ, Huo S, Chen X, Kaiser M. Non-optimal component placement of the human connectome supports variable brain dynamics. Netw Neurosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Neural systems are shaped by multiple constraints, balancing region communication with the cost of establishing and maintaining physical connections. It has been suggested that the lengths of neural projections be minimized, reducing their spatial and metabolic impact on the organism. However, long-range connections are prevalent in the connectomes across various species, and thus, rather than rewiring connections to reduce length, an alternative theory proposes that the brain minimizes total wiring length through a suitable positioning of regions, termed ‘component placement optimization’. Previous studies in non-human primates have refuted this idea by identifying a non-optimal component placement, where a spatial re-arrangement of brain regions in silico lead to a reduced total wiring length. Here, for the first time in humans, we test for component placement optimization. We show a non-optimal component placement for all subjects in our sample from the Human Connectome Project (N = 280; aged 22–30 years; 138 females), suggesting the presence of constraints—such as the reduction of processing steps between regions—which compete with the elevated spatial and metabolic costs. Additionally, by simulating communication between brain regions, we argue that this sub-optimal component placement supports dynamics which benefit cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher James Hayward
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Siyu Huo
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xue Chen
- Institute for Digital Medicine and Computer-assisted Surgery in Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, P. R. China, 266071
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer-assisted Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, P. R. China, 266000
- Shandong College Collaborative Innovation Center of Digital Medicine Clinical Treatment and Nutrition Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, P. R. China, 266071
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK
- Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P. R. China
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10
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Jiang S, Otero-Muras I, Banga JR, Wang Y, Kaiser M, Krasnogor N. OptDesign: Identifying Optimum Design Strategies in Strain Engineering for Biochemical Production. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:1531-1541. [PMID: 35389631 PMCID: PMC9016760 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Computational
tools have been widely adopted for strain optimization
in metabolic engineering, contributing to numerous success stories
of producing industrially relevant biochemicals. However, most of
these tools focus on single metabolic intervention strategies (either
gene/reaction knockout or amplification alone) and rely on hypothetical
optimality principles (e.g., maximization of growth) and precise gene
expression (e.g., fold changes) for phenotype prediction. This paper
introduces OptDesign, a new two-step strain design strategy. In the
first step, OptDesign selects regulation candidates that have a noticeable
flux difference between the wild type and production strains. In the
second step, it computes optimal design strategies with limited manipulations
(combining regulation and knockout), leading to high biochemical production.
The usefulness and capabilities of OptDesign are demonstrated for
the production of three biochemicals in Escherichia
coli using the latest genome-scale metabolic model
iML1515, showing highly consistent results with previous studies while
suggesting new manipulations to boost strain performance. The source
code is available at https://github.com/chang88ye/OptDesign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyong Jiang
- Department of Computing Science, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, U.K
| | - Irene Otero-Muras
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, UV-CSIC, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Julio R. Banga
- Computational Biology Lab, MBG-CSIC, Pontevedra 36143, Spain
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
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11
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Mehraram R, Peraza LR, Murphy NRE, Cromarty RA, Graziadio S, O'Brien JT, Killen A, Colloby SJ, Firbank M, Su L, Collerton D, Taylor JP, Kaiser M. Functional and structural brain network correlates of visual hallucinations in Lewy body dementia. Brain 2022; 145:2190-2205. [PMID: 35262667 PMCID: PMC9246710 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Visual hallucinations are a common feature of Lewy body dementia. Previous studies have shown that visual hallucinations are highly specific in differentiating Lewy body dementia from Alzheimer’s disease dementia and Alzheimer–Lewy body mixed pathology cases. Computational models propose that impairment of visual and attentional networks is aetiologically key to the manifestation of visual hallucinations symptomatology. However, there is still a lack of experimental evidence on functional and structural brain network abnormalities associated with visual hallucinations in Lewy body dementia. We used EEG source localization and network based statistics to assess differential topographical patterns in Lewy body dementia between 25 participants with visual hallucinations and 17 participants without hallucinations. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to assess structural connectivity between thalamus, basal forebrain and cortical regions belonging to the functionally affected network component in the hallucinating group, as assessed with network based statistics. The number of white matter streamlines within the cortex and between subcortical and cortical regions was compared between hallucinating and not hallucinating groups and correlated with average EEG source connectivity of the affected subnetwork. Moreover, modular organization of the EEG source network was obtained, compared between groups and tested for correlation with structural connectivity. Network analysis showed that compared to non-hallucinating patients, those with hallucinations feature consistent weakened connectivity within the visual ventral network, and between this network and default mode and ventral attentional networks, but not between or within attentional networks. The occipital lobe was the most functionally disconnected region. Structural analysis yielded significantly affected white matter streamlines connecting the cortical regions to the nucleus basalis of Meynert and the thalamus in hallucinating compared to not hallucinating patients. The number of streamlines in the tract between the basal forebrain and the cortex correlated with cortical functional connectivity in non-hallucinating patients, while a correlation emerged for the white matter streamlines connecting the functionally affected cortical regions in the hallucinating group. This study proposes, for the first time, differential functional networks between hallucinating and not hallucinating Lewy body dementia patients, and provides empirical evidence for existing models of visual hallucinations. Specifically, the outcome of the present study shows that the hallucinating condition is associated with functional network segregation in Lewy body dementia and supports the involvement of the cholinergic system as proposed in the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Mehraram
- Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology (ExpORL) Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Nicholas R E Murphy
- Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, 77035, USA.,Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, 2002 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ruth A Cromarty
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sara Graziadio
- NIHR Newcastle in vitro Diagnostics Cooperative, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison Killen
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sean J Colloby
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Li Su
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Daniel Collerton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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13
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Breitwieser L, Hesam A, de Montigny J, Vavourakis V, Iosif A, Jennings J, Kaiser M, Manca M, Di Meglio A, Al-Ars Z, Rademakers F, Mutlu O, Bauer R. BioDynaMo: a modular platform for high-performance agent-based simulation. Bioinformatics 2022; 38:453-460. [PMID: 34529036 PMCID: PMC8723141 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Agent-based modeling is an indispensable tool for studying complex biological systems. However, existing simulation platforms do not always take full advantage of modern hardware and often have a field-specific software design. RESULTS We present a novel simulation platform called BioDynaMo that alleviates both of these problems. BioDynaMo features a modular and high-performance simulation engine. We demonstrate that BioDynaMo can be used to simulate use cases in: neuroscience, oncology and epidemiology. For each use case, we validate our findings with experimental data or an analytical solution. Our performance results show that BioDynaMo performs up to three orders of magnitude faster than the state-of-the-art baselines. This improvement makes it feasible to simulate each use case with one billion agents on a single server, showcasing the potential BioDynaMo has for computational biology research. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION BioDynaMo is an open-source project under the Apache 2.0 license and is available at www.biodynamo.org. Instructions to reproduce the results are available in the supplementary information. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5121618.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Breitwieser
- CERN openlab, IT Department, CERN, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.,Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Ahmad Hesam
- CERN openlab, IT Department, CERN, Geneva 1211, Switzerland.,Department of Quantum & Computer Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
| | | | - Vasileios Vavourakis
- Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus.,Department of Medical Physics & Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Alexandros Iosif
- Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus
| | - Jack Jennings
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK.,Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Precision Imaging Beacon, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Marco Manca
- SCimPulse Foundation, Geleen 6162 BC, The Netherlands
| | | | - Zaid Al-Ars
- Department of Quantum & Computer Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628CD, The Netherlands
| | | | - Onur Mutlu
- Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland.,Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Roman Bauer
- Department of Computer Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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14
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Kretschmann J, Früchtl L, Fischer ML, Kaiser M, Müller H, Spilke J, Mielenz N, Möbius G, Bittner-Schwerda L, Steinhöfel I, Baumgartner W, Starke A. [Effect of a multimodal pain management protocol and age on wound healing after thermal disbudding of female German Holstein calves]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2021; 163:836-850. [PMID: 34881716 DOI: 10.17236/sat00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hot-iron disbudding of calves is a stressful and painful procedure and leaves a burn wound. Pain management procedures and the effects of hot-iron disbudding on biochemical markers of pain perception and stress response have been widely investigated in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential effects of pain management and age of the calf on the healing of burn wounds caused by disbudding. 327 healthy female German Holstein calves were included in this randomised, triple-blinded, prospective study. Calves were either disbudded at the age of four to 10 or 15 to 28 days using a gas-powered hot iron. Each calf was randomly allocated to one of nine possible treatment groups (BG). All calves received either the active ingredients to be tested (xylazine hydrochloride with 0.2 or 0.05 mg / kg body mass (BM) intramuscular for sedation, procaine hydrochloride (2 %) each 8 ml locally on both sides subcutaneously (SC) to the cornual nerves, meloxicam with 0,5 mg / kg BM SC for anti-inflammatory purposes) or an identical amount of saline solution (placebo). Calves in the group `thermE` and `ScheinE` received only placebo. In group `ScheinE` disbudding was simulated and in `thermE` it was carried out. The calves were clinically monitored starting one day before and ending 28 days after the procedure and the burn wounds were assessed. Both the rectal temperature and parameters of wound healing changed significantly during the study period and had characteristic profiles over time. Wound healing was not influenced by the different analgesic protocols, indicating that a multimodal analgesia does not pose a risk for wound healing after thermal disbudding. There were no observed differences between the age groups. The results of this study show, that disbudding of young calves and a multimodal pain management protocol does not affect wound healing in calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kretschmann
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - L Früchtl
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - M-L Fischer
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - M Kaiser
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - H Müller
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - J Spilke
- Institut für -Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Arbeitsgruppe Biometrie und Agrarinformatik, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - N Mielenz
- Institut für -Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Arbeitsgruppe Biometrie und Agrarinformatik, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - G Möbius
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - L Bittner-Schwerda
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - I Steinhöfel
- Landesamt für Umwelt, Landwirtschaft und Geologie, Abteilung Landwirtschaft, Köllitsch
| | - W Baumgartner
- Universitätsklinik für Wiederkäuer, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - A Starke
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
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15
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Wagner R, Fieseler H, Kaiser M, Müller H, Mielenz N, Spilke J, Gottschalk J, Einspanier A, Palme R, Rizk A, Möbius G, Baumgartner W, Rachidi F, Starke A. [Cortisol concentrations in sheep before, during and after sham foot trimming on a tilt table - the suitability of different matrices]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2021; 164:753-766. [PMID: 34758951 DOI: 10.17236/sat00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Matrices that can be collected non-invasively for quantification of a stress response in sheep have received little attention in the veterinary literature. This study examines the suitability of blood, tears and saliva for determining a stress response in sheep undergoing sham foot trimming on a tilt table. The cortisol concentration of blood, tears and saliva and the concentration of cortisol metabolites in faeces were measured in 13 healthy Meat Merino ewes once a day for six days. Sham foot trimming on a tilt table was used as the stressor and was done during a one-hour period on day 4; cortisol concentrations of blood and tears were measured at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 minutes. Cortisol concentrations of blood (maximum at 30 minutes) and tears (maximum at 40 minutes) increased during the procedure and then decreased. There were significant correlations between cortisol concentrations of blood and tears (p = 0,04) during sham foot trimming (area under the curve, 0 to 60 minutes). Over the entire 6-day study period, significant correlations were seen between the cortisol concentrations of blood and tears (r = 0,55; p.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wagner
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - H Fieseler
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - M Kaiser
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - H Müller
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - N Mielenz
- Institut für -Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Arbeitsgruppe Biometrie und Agrarinformatik, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - J Spilke
- Institut für -Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Arbeitsgruppe Biometrie und Agrarinformatik, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - J Gottschalk
- Veterinär-Physiologisch-Chemisches Institut, Biochemie der Veterinär-medizinischen Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - A Einspanier
- Veterinär-Physiologisch-Chemisches Institut, Biochemie der Veterinär-medizinischen Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - R Palme
- Abteilung für Physiologie, Pathophysiologie und -experimentelle Endokrinologie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Österreich
| | - A Rizk
- Abteilung Chirurgie, -Anästhesiologie und Radiologie, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Mansoura, Ägypten
| | - G Möbius
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - W Baumgartner
- Universitätsklinik für Wiederkäuer, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - F Rachidi
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - A Starke
- Klinik für Klauentiere, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig, Deutschland
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16
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Hesse U, Hesse A, Hesse L, Schultz E, Kaiser M. Lipödem heute: Zwischen konservativer Therapie, Liposuktion und Adipositaschirurgie. Aktuelle Dermatologie 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1525-5956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie zunehmende Prävalenz des Lipödems geht einher mit einer demografischen Zunahme der Adipositas per magna.Konservative und operative Maßnahmen ermöglichen eine ausgeprägte Befund- und Beschwerdebesserung.Die exakte Diagnose und Differenzierung zwischen therapiebedürftiger Adipositas und therapiebedürftigem Lipödem entscheiden über Erfolg und Misserfolg der eingeleiteten Therapie.Nach konservativem Therapieversuch kann die operative Versorgung bei Ausbleiben einer entsprechenden Besserung durch Liposuktion oder adipositaschirurgische Intervention bei einem erheblichen Teil der Betroffenen die konservative Therapie reduzieren bzw. teilweise sogar ganz überflüssig machen.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. Hesse
- Adipositas und Metabolische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Nürnberg
- Praxis für Chirurgie und Venentherapie, Sindelfingen
| | - A. Hesse
- Praxis für Allgemeinmedizin, Stuttgart
| | - L. Hesse
- Cand. Med. Universität Pécs, Ungarn
| | - E. Schultz
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Nürnberg
| | - M. Kaiser
- Klinik für Plastische, Wiederherstellende und Handchirurgie, Universitätsklinik der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Nürnberg
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17
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Firfilionis D, Hutchings F, Tamadoni R, Walsh D, Turnbull M, Escobedo-Cousin E, Bailey RG, Gausden J, Patel A, Haci D, Liu Y, LeBeau FEN, Trevelyan A, Constandinou TG, O'Neill A, Kaiser M, Degenaar P, Jackson A. A Closed-Loop Optogenetic Platform. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:718311. [PMID: 34566564 PMCID: PMC8462298 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.718311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuromodulation is an established treatment for numerous neurological conditions, but to expand the therapeutic scope there is a need to improve the spatial, temporal and cell-type specificity of stimulation. Optogenetics is a promising area of current research, enabling optical stimulation of genetically-defined cell types without interfering with concurrent electrical recording for closed-loop control of neural activity. We are developing an open-source system to provide a platform for closed-loop optogenetic neuromodulation, incorporating custom integrated circuitry for recording and stimulation, real-time closed-loop algorithms running on a microcontroller and experimental control via a PC interface. We include commercial components to validate performance, with the ultimate aim of translating this approach to humans. In the meantime our system is flexible and expandable for use in a variety of preclinical neuroscientific applications. The platform consists of a Controlling Abnormal Network Dynamics using Optogenetics (CANDO) Control System (CS) that interfaces with up to four CANDO headstages responsible for electrical recording and optical stimulation through custom CANDO LED optrodes. Control of the hardware, inbuilt algorithms and data acquisition is enabled via the CANDO GUI (Graphical User Interface). Here we describe the design and implementation of this system, and demonstrate how it can be used to modulate neuronal oscillations in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Firfilionis
- Neuroprosthesis Lab, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Frances Hutchings
- Digital Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Reza Tamadoni
- Neuroprosthesis Lab, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Walsh
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Turnbull
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Enrique Escobedo-Cousin
- Emerging Technologies and Materials Group, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Richard G. Bailey
- Emerging Technologies and Materials Group, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Johannes Gausden
- Emerging Technologies and Materials Group, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Aaliyah Patel
- Emerging Technologies and Materials Group, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Dorian Haci
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Micro-Nano Electronics, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fiona E. N. LeBeau
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Trevelyan
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy G. Constandinou
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Care Research and Technology Centre, UK Dementia Research Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony O'Neill
- Emerging Technologies and Materials Group, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Patrick Degenaar
- Neuroprosthesis Lab, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Jackson
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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18
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Chen X, Necus J, Peraza LR, Mehraram R, Wang Y, O'Brien JT, Blamire A, Kaiser M, Taylor JP. The functional brain favours segregated modular connectivity at old age unless affected by neurodegeneration. Commun Biol 2021; 4:973. [PMID: 34400752 PMCID: PMC8367990 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain's modular connectivity gives this organ resilience and adaptability. The ageing process alters the organised modularity of the brain and these changes are further accentuated by neurodegeneration, leading to disorganisation. To understand this further, we analysed modular variability-heterogeneity of modules-and modular dissociation-detachment from segregated connectivity-in two ageing cohorts and a mixed cohort of neurodegenerative diseases. Our results revealed that the brain follows a universal pattern of high modular variability in metacognitive brain regions: the association cortices. The brain in ageing moves towards a segregated modular structure despite presenting with increased modular heterogeneity-modules in older adults are not only segregated, but their shape and size are more variable than in young adults. In the presence of neurodegeneration, the brain maintains its segregated connectivity globally but not locally, and this is particularly visible in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia; overall, the modular brain shows patterns of differentiated pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China.
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Joe Necus
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
- University of Nottingham, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Luis R Peraza
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- IXICO Plc, London, UK
| | - Ramtin Mehraram
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Experimental Oto-rhino-laryngology (ExpORL) Research Group, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yanjiang Wang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Blamire
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- University of Nottingham, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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19
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Chen X, Wang Y, Kopetzky SJ, Butz‐Ostendorf M, Kaiser M. Cover Image. Hum Brain Mapp 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard R Hall
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (G.R.H., T.D.F.)
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (M.K.), University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine (M.K.), University of Nottingham, United Kingdom.,Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (M.K.)
| | - Tracy D Farr
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom (G.R.H., T.D.F.)
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21
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Meijer AJM, Diepstraten FA, Langer T, Broer L, Domingo IK, Clemens E, Uitterlinden AG, de Vries ACH, van Grotel M, Vermeij WP, Ozinga RA, Binder H, Byrne J, van Dulmen-den Broeder E, Garrè ML, Grabow D, Kaatsch P, Kaiser M, Kenborg L, Winther JF, Rechnitzer C, Hasle H, Kepak T, Kepakova K, Tissing WJE, van der Kooi ALF, Kremer LCM, Kruseova J, Pluijm SMF, Kuehni CE, van der Pal HJH, Parfitt R, Spix C, Tillmanns A, Deuster D, Matulat P, Calaminus G, Hoetink AE, Elsner S, Gebauer J, Haupt R, Lackner H, Blattmann C, Neggers SJCMM, Rassekh SR, Wright GEB, Brooks B, Nagtegaal AP, Drögemöller BI, Ross CJD, Bhavsar AP, Am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen AG, Carleton BC, Zolk O, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM. TCERG1L allelic variation is associated with cisplatin-induced hearing loss in childhood cancer, a PanCareLIFE study. NPJ Precis Oncol 2021; 5:64. [PMID: 34262104 PMCID: PMC8280110 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-021-00178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In children with cancer, the heterogeneity in ototoxicity occurrence after similar treatment suggests a role for genetic susceptibility. Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach, we identified a genetic variant in TCERG1L (rs893507) to be associated with hearing loss in 390 non-cranial irradiated, cisplatin-treated children with cancer. These results were replicated in two independent, similarly treated cohorts (n = 192 and 188, respectively) (combined cohort: P = 5.3 × 10-10, OR 3.11, 95% CI 2.2-4.5). Modulating TCERG1L expression in cultured human cells revealed significantly altered cellular responses to cisplatin-induced cytokine secretion and toxicity. These results contribute to insights into the genetic and pathophysiological basis of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J M Meijer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - F A Diepstraten
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - T Langer
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Lübeck, Germany
| | - L Broer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - I K Domingo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - E Clemens
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A G Uitterlinden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A C H de Vries
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M van Grotel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - W P Vermeij
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R A Ozinga
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H Binder
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Byrne
- Boyne Research Institute, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - E van Dulmen-den Broeder
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M L Garrè
- Department of Neurooncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - D Grabow
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - P Kaatsch
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Kaiser
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - L Kenborg
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J F Winther
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - C Rechnitzer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Hasle
- Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T Kepak
- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), Brno, Czech Republic
| | - K Kepakova
- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), Brno, Czech Republic
| | - W J E Tissing
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A L F van der Kooi
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L C M Kremer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Kruseova
- Department of Children Hemato-Oncology, Motol University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S M F Pluijm
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C E Kuehni
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - H J H van der Pal
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Academic Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Parfitt
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University Hospital Münster, Westphalian Wilhelm University, Münster, Germany
| | - C Spix
- German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - A Tillmanns
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University Hospital Münster, Westphalian Wilhelm University, Münster, Germany
| | - D Deuster
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University Hospital Münster, Westphalian Wilhelm University, Münster, Germany
| | - P Matulat
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University Hospital Münster, Westphalian Wilhelm University, Münster, Germany
| | - G Calaminus
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - A E Hoetink
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Elsner
- Institute of Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - J Gebauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - R Haupt
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit and DOPO Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - H Lackner
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Blattmann
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology/Immunology, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Olgahospital, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - S J C M M Neggers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S R Rassekh
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - G E B Wright
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B Brooks
- Audiology and Speech Pathology Department, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - A P Nagtegaal
- Departement of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - B I Drögemöller
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C J D Ross
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A P Bhavsar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - A G Am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen
- Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University Hospital Münster, Westphalian Wilhelm University, Münster, Germany
| | - B C Carleton
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, British Columbia, Canada
| | - O Zolk
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Brandenburg Medical School, Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | - M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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22
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Bauer R, Clowry GJ, Kaiser M. Creative Destruction: A Basic Computational Model of Cortical Layer Formation. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:3237-3253. [PMID: 33625496 PMCID: PMC8196252 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most characteristic properties of many vertebrate neural systems is the layered organization of different cell types. This cytoarchitecture exists in the cortex, the retina, the hippocampus, and many other parts of the central nervous system. The developmental mechanisms of neural layer formation have been subject to substantial experimental efforts. Here, we provide a general computational model for cortical layer formation in 3D physical space. We show that this multiscale, agent-based model, comprising two distinct stages of apoptosis, can account for the wide range of neuronal numbers encountered in different cortical areas and species. Our results demonstrate the phenotypic richness of a basic state diagram structure. Importantly, apoptosis allows for changing the thickness of one layer without automatically affecting other layers. Therefore, apoptosis increases the flexibility for evolutionary change in layer architecture. Notably, slightly changed gene regulatory dynamics recapitulate the characteristic properties observed in neurodevelopmental diseases. Overall, we propose a novel computational model using gene-type rules, exhibiting many characteristics of normal and pathological cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Bauer
- Department of Computer Science, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Gavin J Clowry
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK
- Precision Imaging Beacon, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
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23
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van den Berg MH, van Dijk M, Byrne J, Berger C, Dirksen U, Winther JF, Fossa SD, Grabow D, Grandage VL, Haupt R, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Kaiser M, Kepak T, van der Kooi ALF, Kremer LCM, Kruseova J, Lambalk CB, van Leeuwen FE, Leiper A, Modan-Moses D, Spix C, Twisk JWR, Ronckers CM, Kaatsch P, van Dulmen-den Broeder E. Treatment-related fertility impairment in long-term female childhood, adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: investigating dose-effect relationships in a European case-control study (PanCareLIFE). Hum Reprod 2021; 36:1561-1573. [PMID: 33744927 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Which chemotherapeutic agents and body site-specific radiation fields are dose-dependently associated with an increased risk of fertility impairment in long-term female childhood, adolescent and young adulthood (CAYA) cancer survivors? SUMMARY ANSWER Busulfan, lower abdominal radiotherapy (RT) and total body irradiation (TBI) seem to be associated with fertility impairment at any dose, whereas gonadotoxicity of melphalan and procarbazine is suggested at medium/high (>140 mg/m2) or high dose (>5600 mg/m2) therapy, respectively. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Several treatment-related fertility deficits, as assessed by both self-reported outcomes and hormonal markers are known to occur following treatment of CAYA cancer. However, knowledge regarding precise dose-related estimates of these treatment-related risks are scarce. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The current case-control study was nested within the PanCareLIFE cohort study. In total, 1332 CAYA survivors from 8 countries, 9 institutions and 11 cohorts, participated in and contributed data to the study. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS All participants were female 5-year CAYA cancer survivors. In total, 450 cases (fertility impaired survivors) and 882 matched controls (not fertility impaired survivors) were included. Fertility impairment was defined using both questionnaire data (primary or secondary amenorrhea; use of artificial reproductive techniques; unfulfilled wish to conceive) and hormonal data (FSH and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the effect of (i) alkylating agent exposure, and (ii) dose categories for individual chemotherapeutic agents and for RT-exposed body sites. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A positive dose-effect relationship between cyclophosphamide equivalent dose (CED) score and fertility impairment was found, with survivors with a CED score > 7121 mg/m2 being at a significantly increased risk of fertility impairment (odds ratio (95% CI) = 2.6 (1.9-3.6) P < 0.001). Moreover, cumulative dose variables of the following treatments were significantly associated with fertility impairment: busulfan, carmustine, cyclophosphamide, melphalan, procarbazine, lower abdominal RT and TBI. Busulfan, lower abdominal RT and TBI seem to be associated with fertility impairment at any dose, whereas gonadotoxicity of melphalan and procarbazine is suggested at medium/high (>140 mg/m2) or high dose (>5600 mg/m2) therapy, respectively. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our study may have been subject to selection bias since data from about half of the original base cohorts were available for the current study. This could impact the generalizability of our study results. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS We identified survivors at high risk for fertility impairment and, consequently, for a reduced or even absent reproductive life span. Both girls and young women who are about to start anti-cancer treatment, as well as adult female survivors, should be counselled about future parenthood and referred to a reproductive specialist for fertility preservation, if desired. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 602030. There are no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER n/a.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H van den Berg
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M van Dijk
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Byrne
- Boyne Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - C Berger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University-Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - U Dirksen
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - J F Winther
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Childhood Cancer Research Group, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University and University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - S D Fossa
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - D Grabow
- German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR), Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - R Haupt
- Gaslini Children Hospital, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Section, Genova, Italy
| | - M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Paediatric Oncology, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Kaiser
- German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR), Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Kepak
- University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), Brno, Czech Republic
| | - A L F van der Kooi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - L C M Kremer
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Kruseova
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - C B Lambalk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
| | - F E van Leeuwen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Leiper
- Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, UK
| | - D Modan-Moses
- Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - C Spix
- German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR), Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - J W R Twisk
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, THE Netherlands
| | - C M Ronckers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Institute for Biostatistics and Registry Research, Medical University Brandenburg, Neuruppin, Germany
| | - P Kaatsch
- German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR), Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - E van Dulmen-den Broeder
- Department of Paediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Chen X, Wang Y, Kopetzky SJ, Butz-Ostendorf M, Kaiser M. Connectivity within regions characterizes epilepsy duration and treatment outcome. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3777-3791. [PMID: 33973688 PMCID: PMC8288103 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding clear connectome biomarkers for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients, in particular at early disease stages, remains a challenge. Currently, the whole-brain structural connectomes are analyzed based on coarse parcellations (up to 1,000 nodes). However, such global parcellation-based connectomes may be unsuitable for detecting more localized changes in patients. Here, we use a high-resolution network (~50,000-nodes overall) to identify changes at the local level (within brain regions) and test its relation with duration and surgical outcome. Patients with TLE (n = 33) and age-, sex-matched healthy subjects (n = 36) underwent high-resolution (~50,000 nodes) structural network construction based on deterministic tracking of diffusion tensor imaging. Nodes were allocated to 68 cortical regions according to the Desikan-Killany atlas. The connectivity within regions was then used to predict surgical outcome. MRI processing, network reconstruction, and visualization of network changes were integrated into the NICARA (https://nicara.eu). Lower clustering coefficient and higher edge density were found for local connectivity within regions in patients, but were absent for the global network between regions (68 cortical regions). Local connectivity changes, in terms of the number of changed regions and the magnitude of changes, increased with disease duration. Local connectivity yielded a better surgical outcome prediction (Mean value: 95.39% accuracy, 92.76% sensitivity, and 100% specificity) than global connectivity. Connectivity within regions, compared to structural connectivity between brain regions, can be a more efficient biomarker for epilepsy assessment and surgery outcome prediction of medically intractable TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China.,School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Yanjiang Wang
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China
| | - Sebastian J Kopetzky
- Biomax Informatics AG, Brain Science, Planegg, Germany.,TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Kaiser
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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25
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Yin D, Kaiser M. Understanding neural flexibility from a multifaceted definition. Neuroimage 2021; 235:118027. [PMID: 33836274 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Flexibility is a hallmark of human intelligence. Emerging studies have proposed several flexibility measurements at the level of individual regions, to produce a brain map of neural flexibility. However, flexibility is usually inferred from separate components of brain activity (i.e., intrinsic/task-evoked), and different definitions are used. Moreover, recent studies have argued that neural processing may be more than a task-driven and intrinsic dichotomy. Therefore, the understanding to neural flexibility is still incomplete. To address this issue, we propose a multifaceted definition of neural flexibility according to three key features: broad cognitive engagement, distributed connectivity, and adaptive connectome dynamics. For these three features, we first review the advances in computational approaches, their functional relevance, and their potential pitfalls. We then suggest a set of metrics that can help us assign a flexibility rating to each region. Subsequently, we present an emergent probabilistic view for further understanding the functional operation of individual regions in the unified framework of intrinsic and task-driven states. Finally, we highlight several areas related to the multifaceted definition of neural flexibility for future research. This review not only strengthens our understanding of flexible human brain, but also suggests that the measure of neural flexibility could bridge the gap between understanding intrinsic and task-driven brain function dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (Ministry of Education and Shanghai), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK; School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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26
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Lee S, Kim D, Youn H, Hyung WSW, Suh S, Kaiser M, Han CE, Jeong HG. Brain network analysis reveals that amyloidopathy affects comorbid cognitive dysfunction in older adults with depression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4299. [PMID: 33619307 PMCID: PMC7900108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83739-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-life depression (LLD) may increase the risk of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). While amyloidopathy accelerates AD progression, its role in such patients has not yet been elucidated. We hypothesized that cerebral amyloidopathy distinctly affects the alteration of brain network topology and may be associated with distinct cognitive symptoms. We recruited 26 and 27 depressed mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients with (LLD-MCI-A(+)) and without amyloid accumulation (LLD-MCI-A(-)), respectively, and 21 normal controls. We extracted structural brain networks using their diffusion-weighted images. We aimed to compare the distinct network deterioration in LLD-MCI with and without amyloid accumulation and the relationship with their distinct cognitive decline. Thus, we performed a group comparison of the network topological measures and investigated any correlations with neurocognitive testing scores. Topological features of brain networks were different according to the presence of amyloid accumulation. Disrupted network connectivity was highly associated with impaired recall and recognition in LLD-MCI-A(+) patients. Inattention and dysexecutive function were more influenced by the altered networks involved in fronto-limbic circuitry dysfunction in LLD-MCI-A(-) patients. Our results show that alterations in brain network topology may reflect different cognitive dysfunction depending on amyloid accumulation in depressed older adults with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suji Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Daegyeom Kim
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunChul Youn
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seok William Hyung
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangil Suh
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5TG, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Precision Imaging Beacon, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Cheol E Han
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for Artificial Intelligence Smart Convergence Technology, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun-Ghang Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Mehraram R, Taylor J, Murphy N, Rodriguez LP, Cromarty R, Graziadio S, O'Brien JT, Killen A, Colloby SJ, Kaiser M. The visual ventral network is disconnected in Lewy body dementia with visual hallucinations. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.040350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Mehraram
- Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
- NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - John‐Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Murphy
- Baylor College of Medicine Division of Neuropsychiatry Houston TX USA
| | | | - Ruth Cromarty
- Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - Sara Graziadio
- 5. NIHR Newcastle in Vitro Diagnostics Co‐operative Newcastle‐Upon‐Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Alison Killen
- Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - Sean J Colloby
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne United Kingdom
- Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
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28
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Giannakakis E, Han CE, Weber B, Hutchings F, Kaiser M. Towards simulations of long-term behavior of neural networks: Modeling synaptic plasticity of connections within and between human brain regions. Neurocomputing 2020; 416:38-44. [PMID: 33250573 PMCID: PMC7598092 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucom.2020.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Simulations of neural networks can be used to study the direct effect of internal or external changes on brain dynamics. However, some changes are not immediate but occur on the timescale of weeks, months, or years. Examples include effects of strokes, surgical tissue removal, or traumatic brain injury but also gradual changes during brain development. Simulating network activity over a long time, even for a small number of nodes, is a computational challenge. Here, we model a coupled network of human brain regions with a modified Wilson-Cowan model representing dynamics for each region and with synaptic plasticity adjusting connection weights within and between regions. Using strategies ranging from different models for plasticity, vectorization and a different differential equation solver setup, we achieved one second runtime for one second biological time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Giannakakis
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, United Kingdom
| | - Cheol E Han
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Bernd Weber
- Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Frances Hutchings
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, United Kingdom.,Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, the Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom.,Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
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29
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Jiang S, Wang Y, Kaiser M, Krasnogor N. NIHBA: a network interdiction approach for metabolic engineering design. Bioinformatics 2020; 36:3482-3492. [PMID: 32167529 PMCID: PMC7267835 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Flux balance analysis (FBA) based bilevel optimization has been a great success in redesigning metabolic networks for biochemical overproduction. To date, many computational approaches have been developed to solve the resulting bilevel optimization problems. However, most of them are of limited use due to biased optimality principle, poor scalability with the size of metabolic networks, potential numeric issues or low quantity of design solutions in a single run. RESULTS Here, we have employed a network interdiction model free of growth optimality assumptions, a special case of bilevel optimization, for computational strain design and have developed a hybrid Benders algorithm (HBA) that deals with complicating binary variables in the model, thereby achieving high efficiency without numeric issues in search of best design strategies. More importantly, HBA can list solutions that meet users' production requirements during the search, making it possible to obtain numerous design strategies at a small runtime overhead (typically ∼1 h, e.g. studied in this article). AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Source code implemented in the MATALAB Cobratoolbox is freely available at https://github.com/chang88ye/NIHBA. CONTACT math4neu@gmail.com or natalio.krasnogor@ncl.ac.uk. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouyong Jiang
- School of Computer Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, UK
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Automation, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK
| | - Natalio Krasnogor
- School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK
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Carmon J, Heege J, Necus JH, Owen TW, Pipa G, Kaiser M, Taylor PN, Wang Y. Reliability and comparability of human brain structural covariance networks. Neuroimage 2020; 220:117104. [PMID: 32621973 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.117104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural covariance analysis is a widely used structural MRI analysis method which characterises the co-relations of morphology between brain regions over a group of subjects. To our knowledge, little has been investigated in terms of the comparability of results between different data sets of healthy human subjects, as well as the reliability of results over the same subjects in different rescan sessions, image resolutions, or FreeSurfer versions. In terms of comparability, our results show substantial differences in the structural covariance matrix between data sets of age- and sex-matched healthy human adults. These differences persist after univariate site correction, they are exacerbated by low sample sizes, and they are most pronounced when using average cortical thickness as a morphological measure. Down-stream graph theoretic analyses further show statistically significant differences. In terms of reliability, substantial differences were also found when comparing repeated scan sessions of the same subjects, image resolutions, and even FreeSurfer versions of the same image. We could further estimate the relative measurement error and showed that it is largest when using cortical thickness as a morphological measure. Using simulated data, we argue that cortical thickness is least reliable because of larger relative measurement errors. Practically, we make the following recommendations (1) combining subjects across sites into one group should be avoided, particularly if sites differ in image resolutions, subject demographics, or preprocessing steps; (2) surface area and volume should be preferred as morphological measures over cortical thickness; (3) a large number of subjects (n≫30 for the Desikan-Killiany parcellation) should be used to estimate structural covariance; (4) measurement error should be assessed where repeated measurements are available; (5) if combining sites is critical, univariate (per ROI) site-correction is insufficient, but error covariance (between ROIs) should be explicitly measured and modelled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jona Carmon
- Institute of Cognitive Science, Osnabrueck University, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Jil Heege
- Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joe H Necus
- CNNP Lab (www.cnnp-lab.com), Interdisciplinary Complex Systems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas W Owen
- CNNP Lab (www.cnnp-lab.com), Interdisciplinary Complex Systems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gordon Pipa
- Institute of Cognitive Science, Osnabrueck University, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- CNNP Lab (www.cnnp-lab.com), Interdisciplinary Complex Systems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter N Taylor
- CNNP Lab (www.cnnp-lab.com), Interdisciplinary Complex Systems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - Yujiang Wang
- CNNP Lab (www.cnnp-lab.com), Interdisciplinary Complex Systems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK.
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Scherf L, Kretschmann J, Fischer M, Mielenz N, Möbius G, Getto S, Kaiser M, Müller H, Bittner L, Baumgartner W, Starke A. [Thermographic monitoring of skin surface temperature associated with hot-iron disbudding in calves]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2020; 162:174-184. [PMID: 32146437 DOI: 10.17236/sat00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The goal of this study was to determine the skin surface temperatures of the head using thermography in 28 German Holstein heifer calves at the time of hot iron disbudding. Calves were divided into group 1 (hot-iron disbudding, n = 14) and 2 (sham disbudding, n = 14). Thermographic measurements were made at eight locations of the head (area surrounding both horn buds, both horn buds, muzzle, mucous membranes of the muzzle, both eyes) at nine time points (- 60 min (basal value), time of disbudding, 5, 30, 60, 90, 120, 240 and 480 min after disbudding) using a high-end thermographic camera (ThermoPro TP8, Firma DIAS Infrared GmbH). The rectal temperature was measured 60 min before and 5, 240 and 480 min after disbudding. The statistical software SAS version 9.4 was used for analysis. Skin surface temperatures and rectal temperature correlated at several locations (rp ≥ 0.45; p ≤ 0.05). The maximum temperature (approx. 67 ºC) was measured at the horn buds immediately after the hot-iron procedure. By five and 30 min after hot-iron disbudding, the temperature of the horn buds had decreased by up to 50%, whereas the temperatures at the other locations had increased significantly (p.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Scherf
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - J Kretschmann
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - M Fischer
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - N Mielenz
- Institut für -Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Arbeitsgruppe Biometrie und Agrarinformatik, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - G Möbius
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - S Getto
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionstechnik und -Automatisierung, 70569 Stuttgart, Deutschland
| | - M Kaiser
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - H Müller
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - L Bittner
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - W Baumgartner
- Universitätsklinik für Wiederkäuer, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, 1210 Wien, Österreich
| | - A Starke
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
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Kaiser M, Schuhmann T, Werner S, Freund H. Multilevel reactor design for methanol synthesis. CHEM-ING-TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202055215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kaiser
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Chemische Reaktionstechnik / Katalytische Reaktoren und Prozesstechnik Cauerstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - T. Schuhmann
- Air Liquide Global E&C Solutions Germany GmbH Olof-Palme-Str. 35 60439 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - S. Werner
- Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH BU Catalysts Semmelweißstr. 1 82152 Planegg Germany
| | - H. Freund
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Chemische Reaktionstechnik / Katalytische Reaktoren und Prozesstechnik Cauerstr. 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
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van den Boom L, Kaiser M, Kostev K. Prevalence of insulin as a first-line therapy and associated factors in people with type 2 diabetes in German primary care practices. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1333-1339. [PMID: 32506471 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate how many people with type 2 diabetes receive a treatment regimen with insulin as a first-line therapy and the factors associated with this. METHODS This retrospective study was based on data from the Disease Analyzer database and included 10 497 people with type 2 diabetes with an initial prescription of anti-hyperglycaemic therapy from 859 general and diabetologist practices in Germany between January 2014 and December 2018. The main outcome of the study was the prevalence of insulin as a first-line therapy. A multivariable logistic regression model was performed to investigate the association between predefined variables and the probability of receiving insulin as a first-line therapy. RESULTS A total of 7.1% of participants received insulin as a first-line therapy. Diabetologist practice [odds ratio (OR) 2.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.81-4.06], age > 80 years (OR 2.35, 95% CI 1.20-4.61) compared with age ≤ 40 years, HbA1c ≥ 86 mmol/mol (10%) (OR 2.99, 95% CI 1.81-4.95) compared with HbA1c < 48 mmol/mol (6.5%), renal complications (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.29-2.81), peripheral artery disease (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.30-2.81), neurological complications (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.00-2.09), Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.08-1.25) and higher number of different drugs prescribed within 12 months prior-the index date (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05-1.12) were significantly associated with the probability of receiving insulin as a first-line therapy. CONCLUSION Insulin is rarely used as a first-line therapy in people with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, a person's likelihood of receiving insulin as a first-line therapy is significantly influenced by diabetologist practice, age, HbA1c ≥ 86 mmol/mol (10%), renal, neurological and vascular complications, higher multimorbidity, and polypharmacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Kaiser
- Diabetologische Schwerpunktpraxis, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K Kostev
- Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt, Germany
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Jiang S, Kaiser M, Yang S, Kollias S, Krasnogor N. A Scalable Test Suite for Continuous Dynamic Multiobjective Optimization. IEEE Trans Cybern 2020; 50:2814-2826. [PMID: 30794198 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2019.2896021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic multiobjective optimization (DMO) has gained increasing attention in recent years. Test problems are of great importance in order to facilitate the development of advanced algorithms that can handle dynamic environments well. However, many of the existing dynamic multiobjective test problems have not been rigorously constructed and analyzed, which may induce some unexpected bias when they are used for algorithmic analysis. In this paper, some of these biases are identified after a review of widely used test problems. These include poor scalability of objectives and, more important, problematic overemphasis of static properties rather than dynamics making it difficult to draw accurate conclusion about the strengths and weaknesses of the algorithms studied. A diverse set of dynamics and features is then highlighted that a good test suite should have. We further develop a scalable continuous test suite, which includes a number of dynamics or features that have been rarely considered in literature but frequently occur in real life. It is demonstrated with empirical studies that the proposed test suite is more challenging to the DMO algorithms found in the literature. The test suite can also test algorithms in ways that existing test suites cannot.
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Jiang S, Li H, Guo J, Zhong M, Yang S, Kaiser M, Krasnogor N. AREA: An adaptive reference-set based evolutionary algorithm for multiobjective optimisation. Inf Sci (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Scherf L, Kretschmann J, Fischer M, Mielenz N, Möbius G, Getto S, Kaiser M, Müller H, Bittner L, Starke A. [Thermographic examination of head surface temperatures of calves under field conditions]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2020; 161:649-658. [PMID: 31586927 DOI: 10.17236/sat00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Thermographic examination of 157 German Holstein heifer calves was performed to investigate the feasibility of this technique for on-farm recording of surface temperature of the head and to examine potential factors that affect the recordings. Baseline values were obtained from six defined locations on the head including both eyes, both horn buds, the muzzle and the mucous membrane of the muzzle using a high-end thermographic camera (ThermoPro TP8, Firma DIAS Infrared GmbH). Evaluation of the influence of various factors on thermographic measurements showed that ambient temperature had the largest effect on surface temperature of the head (regression coefficient, 0.10 to 0.32, p ≤ 0.01) whereas humidity had no effect (in t-test p ≥ 0.33 over all locations). There was a no correlation between rectal temperature and surface temperature (rp ≤ 0.05). The surface temperature decreased with increasing age of the calves (regression coefficient, - 0.42 to - 0.14, p ≤ 0.01). The agreement between double readings made shortly after one another was excellent at all locations (r ≥ 0.95). The emission of infrared energy varied among different locations; the most infrared energy was emitted by the eyes and the least by the muzzle. Paired locations (eyes and horn buds) had symmetric emission patterns of infrared energy. Measuring the surface temperature of the head of calves in their normal barn environment using a standardised protocol was feasible and thus could potentially be used for monitoring calves under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Scherf
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - J Kretschmann
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - M Fischer
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - N Mielenz
- Institut für -Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Arbeitsgruppe Biometrie und Agrarinformatik, Martin-Luther-Universität, Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - G Möbius
- Institut für Tierhygiene und Öffentliches Veterinärwesen der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - S Getto
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Produktionstechnik und -Automatisierung, 70569 Stuttgart, Deutschland
| | - M Kaiser
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - H Müller
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - L Bittner
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
| | - A Starke
- Klinik für Klauentiere der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig
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Papasavvas CA, Trevelyan AJ, Kaiser M, Wang Y. Divisive gain modulation enables flexible and rapid entrainment in a neocortical microcircuit model. J Neurophysiol 2020; 123:1133-1143. [PMID: 32023140 PMCID: PMC7099485 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00401.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neocortical circuits exhibit a rich dynamic repertoire, and their ability to achieve entrainment (adjustment of their frequency to match the input frequency) is thought to support many cognitive functions and indicate functional flexibility. Although previous studies have explored the influence of various circuit properties on this phenomenon, the role of divisive gain modulation (or divisive inhibition) is unknown. This gain control mechanism is thought to be delivered mainly by the soma-targeting interneurons in neocortical microcircuits. In this study, we use a neural mass model of the neocortical microcircuit (extended Wilson-Cowan model) featuring both soma-targeting and dendrite-targeting interneuronal subpopulations to investigate the role of divisive gain modulation in entrainment. Our results demonstrate that the presence of divisive inhibition in the microcircuit, as delivered by the soma-targeting interneurons, enables its entrainment to a wider range of input frequencies. Divisive inhibition also promotes a faster entrainment, with the microcircuit needing less time to converge to the fully entrained state. We suggest that divisive inhibition, working alongside subtractive inhibition, allows for more adaptive oscillatory responses in neocortical circuits and, thus, supports healthy brain functioning.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We introduce a computational neocortical microcircuit model that features two inhibitory neural populations, with one providing subtractive and the other divisive inhibition to the excitatory population. We demonstrate that divisive inhibition widens the range of input frequencies to which the microcircuit can become entrained and diminishes the time needed to reach full entrainment. We suggest that divisive inhibition enables more adaptive oscillatory activity, with important implications for both normal and pathological brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoforos A Papasavvas
- CNNP Lab, Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Trevelyan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- CNNP Lab, Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujiang Wang
- CNNP Lab, Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom
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Thornton C, Hutchings F, Tomsett R, Kaiser M. VERTEX. Scholarpedia 2020. [DOI: 10.4249/scholarpedia.53365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Mehraram R, Kaiser M, Cromarty R, Graziadio S, O'Brien JT, Killen A, Taylor JP, Peraza LR. Weighted network measures reveal differences between dementia types: An EEG study. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 41:1573-1590. [PMID: 31816147 PMCID: PMC7267959 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) versus Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be difficult especially early in the disease process. However, one inexpensive and non‐invasive biomarker which could help is electroencephalography (EEG). Previous studies have shown that the brain network architecture assessed by EEG is altered in AD patients compared with age‐matched healthy control people (HC). However, similar studies in Lewy body diseases, that is, DLB and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) are still lacking. In this work, we (a) compared brain network connectivity patterns across conditions, AD, DLB and PDD, in order to infer EEG network biomarkers that differentiate between these conditions, and (b) tested whether opting for weighted matrices led to more reliable results by better preserving the topology of the network. Our results indicate that dementia groups present with reduced connectivity in the EEG α band, whereas DLB shows weaker posterior–anterior patterns within the β‐band and greater network segregation within the θ‐band compared with AD. Weighted network measures were more consistent across global thresholding levels, and the network properties reflected reduction in connectivity strength in the dementia groups. In conclusion, β‐ and θ‐band network measures may be suitable as biomarkers for discriminating DLB from AD, whereas the α‐band network is similarly affected in DLB and PDD compared with HC. These variations may reflect the impairment of attentional networks in Parkinsonian diseases such as DLB and PDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Mehraram
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruth Cromarty
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sara Graziadio
- NIHR Newcastle in vitro Diagnostics Co-operative, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alison Killen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Luis R Peraza
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,IXICO Plc, London, UK
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Goetzfried MA, Vogele K, Mückl A, Kaiser M, Holland NB, Simmel FC, Pirzer T. Periodic Operation of a Dynamic DNA Origami Structure Utilizing the Hydrophilic-Hydrophobic Phase-Transition of Stimulus-Sensitive Polypeptides. Small 2019; 15:e1903541. [PMID: 31531953 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic DNA nanodevices are designed to perform structure-encoded motion actuated by a variety of different physicochemical stimuli. In this context, hybrid devices utilizing other components than DNA have the potential to considerably expand the library of functionalities. Here, the reversible reconfiguration of a DNA origami structure using the stimulus sensitivity of elastin-like polypeptides is reported. To this end, a rectangular sheet made using the DNA origami technique is functionalized with these peptides and by applying changes in salt concentration the hydrophilic-hydrophobic phase transition of these peptides actuate the folding of the structure. The on-demand and reversible switching of the rectangle is driven by externally imposed temperature oscillations and appears at specific transition temperatures. Using transmission electron microscopy, it is shown that the structure exhibits distinct conformational states with different occupation probabilities, which are dependent on structure-intrinsic parameters such as the local number and the arrangement of the peptides on the rectangle. It is also shown through ensemble fluorescence resonance energy transfer spectroscopy that the transition temperature and thus the thermodynamics of the rectangle-peptide system depends on the stimuli salt concentration and temperature, as well as on the intrinsic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A Goetzfried
- Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems-E14, Physics Department and ZNN, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Kilian Vogele
- Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems-E14, Physics Department and ZNN, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Andrea Mückl
- Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems-E14, Physics Department and ZNN, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Operations Research, Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, 80333, München, Germany
| | - Nolan B Holland
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44115, USA
| | - Friedrich C Simmel
- Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems-E14, Physics Department and ZNN, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Tobias Pirzer
- Physics of Synthetic Biological Systems-E14, Physics Department and ZNN, Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
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Kaiser M. Computational models and fundamental constraints can inform the design of synthetic connectomes: Comment on "What would a synthetic connectome look like?" by Ithai Rabinowitch. Phys Life Rev 2019; 33:16-18. [PMID: 31416703 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5TG, United Kingdom; Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Schumacher J, Cromarty R, Gallagher P, Firbank MJ, Thomas AJ, Kaiser M, Blamire AM, O'Brien JT, Peraza LR, Taylor JP. Structural correlates of attention dysfunction in Lewy body dementia and Alzheimer's disease: an ex-Gaussian analysis. J Neurol 2019; 266:1716-1726. [PMID: 31006825 PMCID: PMC6586700 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09323-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lewy body dementia (LBD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are common forms of degenerative dementia. While they are characterized by different clinical profiles, attentional deficits are a common feature. The objective of this study was to investigate how attentional problems in LBD and AD differentially affect different aspects of reaction time performance and to identify possible structural neural correlates. METHODS We studied reaction time data from an attention task comparing 39 LBD patients, 28 AD patients, and 22 age-matched healthy controls. Data were fitted to an ex-Gaussian model to characterize different facets of the reaction time distribution (mean reaction time, reaction time variability, and the subset of extremely slow responses). Correlations between ex-Gaussian parameters and grey and white matter volume were assessed by voxel-based morphometry. RESULTS Both dementia groups showed an increase in extremely slow responses. While there was no difference between AD and controls with respect to mean reaction time and variability, both were significantly increased in LBD patients compared to controls and AD. There were widespread correlations between mean reaction time and variability and grey matter loss in AD, but not in LBD. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that different aspects of reaction time performance are differentially affected by AD and LBD, with a difference in structural neural correlates underlying the observed behavioural deficits. While impaired attentional performance is linked to brain atrophy in AD, in LBD it might be related to functional or microstructural rather than macrostructural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd Floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK.
| | - Ruth Cromarty
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd Floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Peter Gallagher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Michael J Firbank
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd Floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd Floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5TG, UK
| | - Andrew M Blamire
- Institute of Cellular Medicine and Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0SP, UK
| | - Luis R Peraza
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd Floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Biomedical Research Building 3rd Floor, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
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Schumacher J, Peraza LR, Firbank M, Thomas AJ, Kaiser M, Gallagher P, O’Brien JT, Blamire AM, Taylor JP. Dysfunctional brain dynamics and their origin in Lewy body dementia. Brain 2019; 142:1767-1782. [PMID: 30938426 PMCID: PMC6536851 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awz069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lewy body dementia includes dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia and is characterized by transient clinical symptoms such as fluctuating cognition, which might be driven by dysfunction of the intrinsic dynamic properties of the brain. In this context we investigated whole-brain dynamics on a subsecond timescale in 42 Lewy body dementia compared to 27 Alzheimer's disease patients and 18 healthy controls using an EEG microstate analysis in a cross-sectional design. Microstates are transiently stable brain topographies whose temporal characteristics provide insight into the brain's dynamic repertoire. Our additional aim was to explore what processes in the brain drive microstate dynamics. We therefore studied associations between microstate dynamics and temporal aspects of large-scale cortical-basal ganglia-thalamic interactions using dynamic functional MRI measures given the putative role of these subcortical areas in modulating widespread cortical function and their known vulnerability to Lewy body pathology. Microstate duration was increased in Lewy body dementia for all microstate classes compared to Alzheimer's disease (P < 0.001) and healthy controls (P < 0.001), while microstate dynamics in Alzheimer's disease were largely comparable to healthy control levels, albeit with altered microstate topographies. Correspondingly, the number of distinct microstates per second was reduced in Lewy body dementia compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001) and Alzheimer's disease (P < 0.001). In the dementia with Lewy bodies group, mean microstate duration was related to the severity of cognitive fluctuations (ρ = 0.56, PFDR = 0.038). Additionally, mean microstate duration was negatively correlated with dynamic functional connectivity between the basal ganglia (r = - 0.53, P = 0.003) and thalamic networks (r = - 0.38, P = 0.04) and large-scale cortical networks such as visual and motor networks in Lewy body dementia. The results indicate a slowing of microstate dynamics and disturbances to the precise timing of microstate sequences in Lewy body dementia, which might lead to a breakdown of the intricate dynamic properties of the brain, thereby causing loss of flexibility and adaptability that is crucial for healthy brain functioning. When contrasted with the largely intact microstate dynamics in Alzheimer's disease, the alterations in dynamic properties in Lewy body dementia indicate a brain state that is less responsive to environmental demands and might give rise to the apparent slowing in thinking and intermittent confusion which typify Lewy body dementia. By using Lewy body dementia as a probe pathology we demonstrate a potential link between dynamic functional MRI fluctuations and microstate dynamics, suggesting that dynamic interactions within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamic loop might play a role in the modulation of EEG dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Luis R Peraza
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Michael Firbank
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Peter Gallagher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John T O’Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew M Blamire
- Institute of Cellular Medicine and Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Schumacher J, Peraza LR, Firbank M, Thomas AJ, Kaiser M, Gallagher P, O'Brien JT, Blamire AM, Taylor JP. Dynamic functional connectivity changes in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 22:101812. [PMID: 30991620 PMCID: PMC6462776 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We studied the dynamic functional connectivity profile of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to controls, how it differs between the two dementia subtypes, and a possible relation between dynamic connectivity alterations and temporally transient clinical symptoms in DLB. Resting state fMRI data from 31 DLB, 29 AD, and 31 healthy control participants were analyzed using dual regression to determine between-network functional connectivity. Subsequently, we used a sliding window approach followed by k-means clustering and dynamic network analyses to study dynamic functional connectivity. Dynamic connectivity measures that showed significant group differences were tested for correlations with clinical symptom severity. Our results show that AD and DLB patients spent more time than controls in sparse connectivity configurations with absence of strong positive and negative connections and a relative isolation of motor networks from other networks. Additionally, DLB patients spent less time in a more strongly connected state and the variability of global brain network efficiency was reduced in DLB compared to controls. There were no significant correlations between dynamic connectivity measures and clinical symptom severity. An inability to switch out of states of low inter-network connectivity into more highly and specifically connected network configurations might be related to the presence of dementia in general as it was observed in both AD and DLB. In contrast, the loss of global efficiency variability in DLB might indicate the presence of an abnormally rigid brain network and the lack of economical dynamics, factors which could contribute to cognitive slowing and an inability to respond appropriately to situational demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schumacher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom.
| | - Luis R Peraza
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom; Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Firbank
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J Thomas
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) research group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, United Kingdom; Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Gallagher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, The Henry Wellcome Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0SP, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Blamire
- Institute of Cellular Medicine & Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL, United Kingdom
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Thomas C, Datta A, Kaiser M, Hutchings F. Towards modeling the influence of transcranial direct current stimulation on neuronal response. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Thornton C, Hutchings F, Kaiser M. The Virtual Electrode Recording Tool for EXtracellular Potentials (VERTEX) Version 2.0: Modelling in vitro electrical stimulation of brain tissue. Wellcome Open Res 2019; 4:20. [PMID: 30984877 PMCID: PMC6439485 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15058.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal circuits can be modelled in detail allowing us to predict the effects of stimulation on individual neurons. Electrical stimulation of neuronal circuits in vitro and in vivo excites a range of neurons within the tissue and measurements of neural activity, e.g the local field potential (LFP), are again an aggregate of a large pool of cells. The previous version of our Virtual Electrode Recording Tool for EXtracellular Potentials (VERTEX) allowed for the simulation of the LFP generated by a patch of brain tissue. Here, we extend VERTEX to simulate the effect of electrical stimulation through a focal electric field. We observe both direct changes in neural activity and changes in synaptic plasticity. Testing our software in a model of a rat neocortical slice, we determine the currents contributing to the LFP, the effects of paired pulse stimulation to induce short term plasticity (STP), and the effect of theta burst stimulation (TBS) to induce long term potentiation (LTP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Thornton
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex bioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, Newcastle University, UK, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5TG, UK
| | - Frances Hutchings
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex bioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, Newcastle University, UK, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5TG, UK
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex bioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, Newcastle University, UK, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5TG, UK
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, UK, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
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Peraza LR, Díaz-Parra A, Kennion O, Moratal D, Taylor JP, Kaiser M, Bauer R. Structural connectivity centrality changes mark the path toward Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2019; 11:98-107. [PMID: 30723773 PMCID: PMC6350419 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The pathophysiological process of Alzheimer's disease is thought to begin years before clinical decline, with evidence suggesting prion-like spreading processes of neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. Methods Using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative database, we first identified relevant features for dementia diagnosis. We then created dynamic models with the Nathan Kline Institute-Rockland Sample database to estimate the earliest detectable stage associated with dementia in the simulated disease progression. Results A classifier based on centrality measures provides informative predictions. Strength and closeness centralities are the most discriminative features, which are associated with the medial temporal lobe and subcortical regions, together with posterior and occipital brain regions. Our model simulations suggest that changes associated with dementia begin to manifest structurally at early stages. Discussion Our analyses suggest that diffusion magnetic resonance imaging–based centrality measures can offer a tool for early disease detection before clinical dementia onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis R Peraza
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Díaz-Parra
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Oliver Kennion
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex Biosystems Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - David Moratal
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex Biosystems Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Bauer
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex Biosystems Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Sinha N, Wang Y, Dauwels J, Kaiser M, Thesen T, Forsyth R, Taylor PN. Computer modelling of connectivity change suggests epileptogenesis mechanisms in idiopathic generalised epilepsy. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 21:101655. [PMID: 30685702 PMCID: PMC6356007 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Patients with idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE) typically have normal conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), hence diagnosis based on MRI is challenging. Anatomical abnormalities underlying brain dysfunctions in IGE are unclear and their relation to the pathomechanisms of epileptogenesis is poorly understood. In this study, we applied connectometry, an advanced quantitative neuroimaging technique for investigating localised changes in white-matter tissues in vivo. Analysing white matter structures of 32 subjects we incorporated our in vivo findings in a computational model of seizure dynamics to suggest a plausible mechanism of epileptogenesis. Patients with IGE have significant bilateral alterations in major white-matter fascicles. In the cingulum, fornix, and superior longitudinal fasciculus, tract integrity is compromised, whereas in specific parts of tracts between thalamus and the precentral gyrus, tract integrity is enhanced in patients. Combining these alterations in a logistic regression model, we computed the decision boundary that discriminated patients and controls. The computational model, informed with the findings on the tract abnormalities, specifically highlighted the importance of enhanced cortico-reticular connections along with impaired cortico-cortical connections in inducing pathological seizure-like dynamics. We emphasise taking directionality of brain connectivity into consideration towards understanding the pathological mechanisms; this is possible by combining neuroimaging and computational modelling. Our imaging evidence of structural alterations suggest the loss of cortico-cortical and enhancement of cortico-thalamic fibre integrity in IGE. We further suggest that impaired connectivity from cortical regions to the thalamic reticular nucleus offers a therapeutic target for selectively modifying the brain circuit for reversing the mechanisms leading to epileptogenesis. Significant focal alterations along major white-matter fascicles in IGE patients are characterised. Increased white matter integrity found in thalamo-cortical connections. Decreased white matter integrity found in cortico-cortical connections. Disease mechanism is investigated by combining the neuroimaging findings with a dynamical model of seizure activity. Model implicates cortical projections to the thalamic reticular nucleus in IGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Sinha
- Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Yujiang Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK
| | - Justin Dauwels
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas Thesen
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, New York University, NY, USA; Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, St. Georges University, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Rob Forsyth
- Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Peter Neal Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK.
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Cromarty RA, Schumacher J, Graziadio S, Gallagher P, Killen A, Firbank MJ, Blamire A, Kaiser M, Thomas AJ, O’Brien JT, Peraza LR, Taylor JP. Structural Brain Correlates of Attention Dysfunction in Lewy Body Dementias and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:347. [PMID: 30519184 PMCID: PMC6251343 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Lewy body dementia (LBD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are common forms of dementia that have different clinical profiles but are both commonly associated with attentional deficits. The aim of this study was to investigate efficiency of different attentional systems in LBD and AD and its association with brain structural abnormalities. We studied reaction time (RT) data from 45 LBD, 31 AD patients and 22 healthy controls (HCs) using the Attention Network Test (ANT) to assess the efficiency of three different attentional systems: alerting, orienting and executive conflict. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to investigate relations between different attention components and cortical volume. Both dementia groups showed slower overall RTs than controls, with additional slowing in LBD relative to AD. There was a significant alerting effect in controls which was absent in the dementia groups, the executive conflict effect was greater in both dementia groups compared to controls, but the orienting effect did not differ between groups. Mean RT in AD was negatively correlated with occipital gray matter (GM) volume and in LBD orienting efficiency was negatively related to occipital white matter (WM) volume. Given that previous studies in less impaired patients suggest a maintenance of the alerting effect, the absent alerting effect in our study suggests a loss of alerting efficiency with dementia progression. While orienting was largely preserved, it might be related to occipital structural abnormalities in LBD. Executive function was markedly impaired in both dementia groups, however, the absence of relations to brain volume suggests that it might be more related to functional rather than macrostructural pathophysiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth A. Cromarty
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Schumacher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Graziadio
- NIHR In Vitro Diagnostics Co-operative, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Gallagher
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Killen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Firbank
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Blamire
- Newcastle Magnetic Resonance Centre, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Kaiser
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J. Thomas
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John T. O’Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Medicine, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Luis R. Peraza
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Interdisciplinary Computing and Complex BioSystems (ICOS) Research Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Institute of Neuroscience, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Zinkler M, Beine KH, von Cranach M, Osterfeld M, Kaiser M, Weinmann S, Aderhold V. [Compulsory treatment with electroconvulsive therapy-scientifically unproven and questionable therapy with respect to human rights]. Nervenarzt 2018; 89:837-838. [PMID: 29926127 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-018-0558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Zinkler
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität Ulm, Kliniken Landkreis Heidenheim gGmbH, Schloßhaustraße 100, 89522, Heidenheim, Deutschland.
| | - K H Beine
- St. Marien-Hospital Hamm, Lehrstuhl für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Hamm, Deutschland
| | | | - M Osterfeld
- Unterausschuss zur Prävention von Folter und anderen grausamen unwürdigen oder erniedrigenden Behandlungen oder Strafen der Vereinten Nationen (UN SPT), Dortmund, Deutschland
| | - M Kaiser
- Klinik und Tagesklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik mit Psychiatrischer Institutsambulanz, Klinikum Merzig, Merzig, Deutschland
| | - S Weinmann
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Vivantes Klinikum Am Urban, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - V Aderhold
- Institut für Sozialpsychiatrie Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e. V, Greifswald, Deutschland
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