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Gallo L, Bucalá V, Ramírez-Rigo MV. Formulation and Characterization of Polysaccharide Microparticles for Pulmonary Delivery of Sodium Cromoglycate. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:1634-1645. [PMID: 27659025 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-016-0633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium cromoglycate (SC) is an antiasthmatic and antiallergenic drug commonly used for chronic inhalation therapy; however, many daily intakes are required due to the fast drug clearance from airways. For these reasons, SC polymeric particles for inhalatory administration with adequate aerosolization and mucoadhesive properties were designed to prolong the drug residence time in the site of action. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa), sodium hyaluronate, and sodium alginate were selected to co-process SC by spray drying. The influence of these polysaccharides on the spray drying process and powder quality was evaluated (among others, morphology, size, moisture content, hygroscopicity, flowability, densities, liquid sorption, and stability). In vitro aerosolization, drug release, and mucoadhesion performance were also studied. Particularly, a novel method to comparatively evaluate the interaction between formulations and mucin solution (mucoadhesion test) was proposed as a rapid methodology to measure adhesion properties of inhalable particles, being the results as indicative of clearance probability. Among all the studied formulations, the powder based on SC and CMCNa exhibited the best mucoadhesion and aerosolization performance, the highest process yield and adequate moisture content, hygroscopicity, and stability. SC-CMCNa formulation arose as a promising inhalatory system to reduce the daily intakes and to increase the patient compliance.
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Yu J, Chan HK, Gengenbach T, Denman JA. Protection of hydrophobic amino acids against moisture-induced deterioration in the aerosolization performance of highly hygroscopic spray-dried powders. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 119:224-234. [PMID: 28655664 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhalable particles containing amorphous form of drugs or excipients may absorb atmospheric moisture, causing powder aggregation and recrystallization, adversely affecting powder dispersion and lung deposition. The present study aims to explore hydrophobic amino acids for protection against moisture in spray-dried amorphous powders, using disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) as a model drug. MATERIALS AND METHODS DSCG powders were produced by co-spray drying with isoleucine (Ile), valine (Val) and methionine (Met) in various concentrations (10, 20 and 40%w/w). Particle size distribution and morphology were measured by laser diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Physiochemical properties of the powders were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS). Particle surface chemistry was analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). In vitro aerosolization performance was evaluated by a next generation impactor (NGI) after the powders were stored at 60% or 75% relative humidity (RH) for one month and three months. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Ile, Val and Met significantly reduced the deleterious effect of moisture on aerosol performance, depending on the amount of amino acids in the formulation. Formulations containing 10% or 20% of Ile, Val and Met showed notable deterioration in aerosol performance, with fine particle fraction (FPF) reduced by 6-15% after one-month storage at both 60% and 75% RH. However, 40% Ile was able to maintain the aerosol performance of DSCG stored at 75% RH for one month, while the FPF dropped by 7.5% after three months of storage. In contrast, 40% Val or Met were able to maintain the aerosol performance at 60% RH storage but not at 75% RH. At 40%w/w ratio, these formulations had particle surface coverage of 94.5% (molar percent) of Ile, 87.1% of Val and 84.6% of Met, respectively, which may explain their moisture protection effects. CONCLUSION Ile, Val and Met showed promising moisture protection effect on aerosol performance. The results broaden the understanding on the use of hydrophobic amino acids as an excipient for long-term storage of inhalation powders formulations that are hygroscopic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yu
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
| | - Thomas Gengenbach
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - John A Denman
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
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Optimized particle engineering of fluticasone propionate and salmeterol xinafoate by spray drying technique for dry powder inhalation. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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54
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Malamatari M, Somavarapu S, Kachrimanis K, Buckton G, Taylor KM. Preparation of respirable nanoparticle agglomerates of the low melting and ductile drug ibuprofen: Impact of formulation parameters. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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55
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Mangal S, Lakio S, Gengenbach T, Larson I, Morton DA. Effect of the deformability of guest particles on the tensile strength of tablets from interactive mixtures. Int J Pharm 2016; 514:341-352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Parumasivam T, Chang RYK, Abdelghany S, Ye TT, Britton WJ, Chan HK. Dry powder inhalable formulations for anti-tubercular therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 102:83-101. [PMID: 27212477 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an intracellular infectious disease caused by the airborne bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite considerable research efforts, the treatment of TB continues to be a great challenge in part due to the requirement of prolonged therapy with multiple high-dose drugs and associated side effects. The delivery of pharmacological agents directly to the respiratory system, following the natural route of infection, represents a logical therapeutic approach for treatment or vaccination against TB. Pulmonary delivery is non-invasive, avoids first-pass metabolism in the liver and enables targeting of therapeutic agents to the infection site. Inhaled delivery also potentially reduces the dose requirement and the accompanying side effects. Dry powder is a stable formulation of drug that can be stored without refrigeration compared to liquids and suspensions. The dry powder inhalers are easy to use and suitable for high-dose formulations. This review focuses on the current innovations of inhalable dry powder formulations of drug and vaccine delivery for TB, including the powder production method, preclinical and clinical evaluations of inhaled dry powder over the last decade. Finally, the risks associated with pulmonary therapy are addressed. A novel dry powder formulation with high percentages of respirable particles coupled with a cost effective inhaler device is an appealing platform for TB drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaigarajan Parumasivam
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rachel Yoon Kyung Chang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sharif Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman 1192, Jordan
| | - Tian Tian Ye
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Warwick John Britton
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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57
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Durham PG, Young EF, Braunstein MS, Welch JT, Hickey AJ. A dry powder combination of pyrazinoic acid and its n-propyl ester for aerosol administration to animals. Int J Pharm 2016; 514:384-391. [PMID: 27130363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Combining the advantage of higher efficacy due to local pulmonary administration of pyrazinoic acid (POA) and potent effect of pyrazinoic acid ester (PAE) delivered as an aerosol would aid in tuberculosis therapy. A combination spray dried dry powder, composed of POA, PAE (n-propyl POA), maltodextrin and leucine, was prepared for aerosol delivery to animals. Solid-state characteristics of morphology (scanning electron microscopy) crystallinity (X-ray powder diffraction), thermal properties (thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry) and moisture content (Karl Fisher) were evaluated. Particle size distributions, by volume (laser diffraction) for the dispersed powder and by mass (inertial impaction) were determined. Efficient delivery of the powder to a nose only animal exposure chamber employed a novel rotating brush/micro-fan apparatus. Spherical, crystalline particles were prepared. The volume median diameter, ∼1.5μm, was smaller than the mass median aerodynamic diameter, ∼3.0μm, indicating modest aggregation. Drug content variations were observed across the particle size distribution and may be explained by PAE evaporative losses. Delivery to the nose-only exposure chamber indicated that boluses could be administered at approximately 3min intervals to avoid aerosol accumulation and effect uniform dose delivery with successive doses suitable for future pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Durham
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - E F Young
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - M S Braunstein
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - J T Welch
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany-SUNY, Albany, NY, USA.
| | - A J Hickey
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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58
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Seto Y, Suzuki G, Leung SSY, Chan HK, Onoue S. Development of an Improved Inhalable Powder Formulation of Pirfenidone by Spray-Drying: In Vitro Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Profiling. Pharm Res 2016; 33:1447-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-1887-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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59
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Li L, Sun S, Parumasivam T, Denman JA, Gengenbach T, Tang P, Mao S, Chan HK. L-Leucine as an excipient against moisture on in vitro aerosolization performances of highly hygroscopic spray-dried powders. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 102:132-41. [PMID: 26970252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
L-Leucine (LL) has been widely used to enhance the dispersion performance of powders for inhalation. LL can also protect powders against moisture, but this effect is much less studied. The aim of this study was to investigate whether LL could prevent moisture-induced deterioration in in vitro aerosolization performances of highly hygroscopic spray-dried powders. Disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) was chosen as a model drug and different amounts of LL (2-40% w/w) were added to the formulation, with the aim to explore the relationship between powder dispersion, moisture protection and physicochemical properties of the powders. The powder formulations were prepared by spray drying of aqueous solutions containing known concentrations of DSCG and LL. The particle sizes were measured by laser diffraction. The physicochemical properties of fine particles were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and dynamic vapor sorption (DVS). The surface morphology and chemistry of fine particles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). In vitro aerosolization performances were evaluated by a next generation impactor (NGI) after the powders were stored at 60% or 75% relative humidity (RH), and 25°C for 24h. Spray-dried (SD) DSCG powders were amorphous and absorbed 30-45% (w/w) water at 70-80% RH, resulting in deterioration in the aerosolization performance of the powders. LL did not decrease the water uptake of DSCG powders, but it could significantly reduce the effect of moisture on aerosolization performances. This is due to enrichment of crystalline LL on the surface of the composite particles. The effect was directly related to the percentage of LL coverage on the surface of particles. Formulations having 61-73% (molar percent) of LL on the particle surface (which correspond to 10-20% (w/w) of LL in the bulk powders) could minimize moisture-induced deterioration in the aerosol performance. In conclusion, particle surface coverage of LL can offer short-term protection against moisture on dispersion of hygroscopic powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia; School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Siping Sun
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Thaigarajan Parumasivam
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - John A Denman
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Thomas Gengenbach
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Patricia Tang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Shirui Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
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60
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Parumasivam T, Chan JGY, Pang A, Quan DH, Triccas JA, Britton WJ, Chan HK. In Vitro Evaluation of Inhalable Verapamil-Rifapentine Particles for Tuberculosis Therapy. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:979-89. [PMID: 26808409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that efflux pumps of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) provide a crucial mechanism in the development of drug resistant to antimycobacterial drugs. Drugs that inhibit these efflux pumps, such as verapamil, have shown the potential in enhancing the treatment success. We therefore hypothesized that the combined inhaled administration of verapamil and a first-line rifamycin antibiotic will further improve the treatment efficacy. An inhalable dry powder consisting of amorphous verapamil and crystalline rifapentine with l-leucine as an excipient was produced by spray drying. The in vitro aerosol characteristic of the powder, its microbiological activity and stability were assessed. When the powder was dispersed by an Osmohaler, the total fine particle fraction (FPFtotal, wt % of particles in aerosol <5 μm) of verapamil and rifapentine was 77.4 ± 1.1% and 71.5 ± 2.0%, respectively. The combination drug formulation showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC90) similar to that of rifapentine alone when tested against both M. tb H37Ra and M. tb H37Rv strains. Importantly, the combination resulted in increased killing of M. tb H37Ra within the infected macrophage cells compared to either verapamil or rifapentine alone. In assessing cellular toxicity, the combination exhibited an acceptable half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values (62.5 μg/mL) on both human monocytic (THP-1) and lung alveolar basal epithelial (A549) cell lines. Finally, the powder was stable after 3 months storage in 0% relative humidity at 20 ± 3 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Parumasivam
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - J G Y Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,JHL Biotech, Incorporated , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - A Pang
- Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - D H Quan
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - J A Triccas
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - W J Britton
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.,Tuberculosis Research Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - H K Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Patil-Gadhe A, Pokharkar V. Pulmonary targeting potential of rosuvastatin loaded nanostructured lipid carrier: Optimization by factorial design. Int J Pharm 2016; 501:199-210. [PMID: 26844785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rosuvastatin (RSVS), an anti-lipidemic agent suggested for the treatment of airway remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It shows a pleiotropic effect on airway smooth muscles and inhibits proliferative activities of physiological mitogens. The aim of the present study was to develop and investigate the targeting potential of rosuvastatin (RSVS) to lung as loaded in nanostructured lipid carrier dry powder for inhalation (RNLC-DPI). RNLC dispersion was converted into respirable particle by lyophilization using 5% mannitol as cryoprotectant-carrier. Targeting efficiency of RNLC-DPI was evaluated in vitro for aerosol performance using 8-stage cascade impactor as well in vivo in Wistar rats for pulmokinetics. In vitro aerosol performance demonstrated mass median aerodynamic diameter of <3 μm with fine particle fraction of >90% at 60 L/min. Improved aerosol performance was observed for RNLC-DPI prepared using l-leucin as anti-static agent. Modified in vivo performance with higher Cmax (1.14-fold), improvement in t1/2 (5-fold) and 35-fold improvement in AUC0-∞ indicated significant improvement in bioavailability of RNLC-DPI. Lipidic nature and smaller size of particles helped in bypassing macrophage clearance leading to higher targeting factor. Thus, study demonstrated potential of RNLC-DPI for lung targeting and further for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Patil-Gadhe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune, 411038 Maharashtra, India
| | - Varsha Pokharkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune, 411038 Maharashtra, India.
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62
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Asai A, Okuda T, Yamauchi T, Sugiura Y, Okamoto H. Safety Evaluation of Dry Powder Formulations by Direct Dispersion onto Air-Liquid Interface Cultured Cell Layer. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:368-77. [PMID: 26754254 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Most safety evaluations of dry powder inhalers (DPIs) using cultured cells have been performed with dry powder formulations dissolved in a medium. However, this method is not considered to be suitable to evaluate the safety of inhaled dry powder formulations correctly since it cannot reflect the actual phenomenon on the respiratory epithelial surface. In this study, we established a novel in-vitro safety evaluation system suitable for DPIs by combining an air-liquid interface cultured cell layer and a device for dispersing dry powders, and evaluated the safety of candidate excipients of dry powders for inhalation. The safety of excipients (sugars, amino acids, cyclodextrins, and positive controls) in solutions was compared using submerged cell culture systems with a conventional 96-well plate and Transwell(®). The sensitivity of the cells grown in Transwell(®) was lower than that of those grown in the 96-well plate. Dry powders were prepared by spray-drying and we evaluated their safety with a novel in-vitro safety evaluation system using an air-liquid interface cultured cell layer. Dry powders decreased the cell viability with doses more than solutions. On the other hand, dissolving the dry powders attenuated their cytotoxicity. This suggested that the novel in-vitro safety evaluation system would be suitable to evaluate the safety of DPIs with high sensitivity.
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63
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Arora S, Kappl M, Haghi M, Young PM, Traini D, Jain S. An investigation of surface properties, local elastic modulus and interaction with simulated pulmonary surfactant of surface modified inhalable voriconazole dry powders using atomic force microscopy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Leucine modified voriconazole spray dried micropartcles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Arora
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali
- India
| | - Michael Kappl
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Mehra Haghi
- Respiratory Technology
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology
- Sydney Medical School
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
| | - Paul M. Young
- Respiratory Technology
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology
- Sydney Medical School
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
| | - Daniela Traini
- Respiratory Technology
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Discipline of Pharmacology
- Sydney Medical School
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Mohali
- India
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64
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Kaialy W, Nokhodchi A. The use of freeze-dried mannitol to enhance the in vitro aerosolization behaviour of budesonide from the Aerolizer®. POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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65
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Otake H, Okuda T, Okamoto H. Development of Spray-Freeze-Dried Powders for Inhalation with High Inhalation Performance and Antihygroscopic Property. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:239-45. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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66
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Otake H, Okuda T, Hira D, Kojima H, Shimada Y, Okamoto H. Inhalable Spray-Freeze-Dried Powder with L-Leucine that Delivers Particles Independent of Inspiratory Flow Pattern and Inhalation Device. Pharm Res 2015; 33:922-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-015-1838-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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68
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The effects of surface morphology on the aerosol performance of spray-dried particles within HFA 134a based metered dose formulations. Asian J Pharm Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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69
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Arora S, Haghi M, Young PM, Kappl M, Traini D, Jain S. Highly respirable dry powder inhalable formulation of voriconazole with enhanced pulmonary bioavailability. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 13:183-93. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2016.1114603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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70
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Okuda T, Suzuki Y, Kobayashi Y, Ishii T, Uchida S, Itaka K, Kataoka K, Okamoto H. Development of Biodegradable Polycation-Based Inhalable Dry Gene Powders by Spray Freeze Drying. Pharmaceutics 2015; 7:233-54. [PMID: 26343708 PMCID: PMC4588198 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics7030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two types of biodegradable polycation (PAsp(DET) homopolymer and PEG-PAsp(DET) copolymer) were applied as vectors for inhalable dry gene powders prepared by spray freeze drying (SFD). The prepared dry gene powders had spherical and porous structures with a 5~10-μm diameter, and the integrity of plasmid DNA could be maintained during powder production. Furthermore, it was clarified that PEG-PAsp(DET)-based dry gene powder could more sufficiently maintain both the physicochemical properties and in vitro gene transfection efficiencies of polyplexes reconstituted after powder production than PAsp(DET)-based dry gene powder. From an in vitro inhalation study using an Andersen cascade impactor, it was demonstrated that the addition of l-leucine could markedly improve the inhalation performance of dry powders prepared by SFD. Following pulmonary delivery to mice, both PAsp(DET)- and PEG-PAsp(DET)-based dry gene powders could achieve higher gene transfection efficiencies in the lungs compared with a chitosan-based dry gene powder previously reported by us.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Okuda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.
| | - Yuko Kobayashi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.
| | - Takehiko Ishii
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Uchida
- Division of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Keiji Itaka
- Division of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
- Division of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Hirokazu Okamoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.
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Mangal S, Meiser F, Tan G, Gengenbach T, Denman J, Rowles MR, Larson I, Morton DAV. Relationship between surface concentration of L-leucine and bulk powder properties in spray dried formulations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:160-9. [PMID: 26007290 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The amino acid L-leucine has been demonstrated to act as a lubricant and improve the dispersibility of otherwise cohesive fine particles. It was hypothesized that optimum surface L-leucine concentration is necessary to achieve optimal surface and bulk powder properties. Polyvinylpyrrolidone was spray dried with different concentration of L-leucine and the change in surface composition of the formulations was determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). The formulations were also subjected to powder X-ray diffraction analysis in order to understand the relationship between surface concentration and solid-state properties of L-leucine. In addition, the morphology, surface energy and bulk cohesion of spray dried formulations were also assessed to understand the relation between surface L-leucine concentration and surface and bulk properties. The surface concentration of L-leucine increased with higher feed concentrations and plateaued at about 10% L-leucine. Higher surface L-leucine concentration also resulted in the formation of larger L-leucine crystals and not much change in crystal size was noted above 10% L-leucine. A change in surface morphology of particles from spherical to increasingly corrugated was also observed with increasing surface l-leucine concentration. Specific collapsed/folded over particles were only seen in formulations with 10% or higher l-leucine feed concentration suggesting a change in particle surface formation process. In addition, bulk cohesion also reduced and approached a minimum with 10% L-leucine concentration. Thus, the surface concentration of L-leucine governs particle formation and optimum surface L-leucine concentration results in optimum surface and bulk powder properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Mangal
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Felix Meiser
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Tan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Thomas Gengenbach
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - John Denman
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Matthew R Rowles
- Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ian Larson
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
| | - David A V Morton
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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72
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Lee SH, Teo J, Heng D, Zhao Y, Ng WK, Chan HK, Tan LT, Tan RB. A novel inhaled multi-pronged attack against respiratory bacteria. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 70:37-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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73
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The role of physico-chemical and bulk characteristics of co-spray dried l-leucine and polyvinylpyrrolidone on glidant and binder properties in interactive mixtures. Int J Pharm 2015; 479:338-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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74
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Chang YX, Yang JJ, Pan RL, Chang Q, Liao YH. Anti-hygroscopic effect of leucine on spray-dried herbal extract powders. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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75
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Kaewjan K, Srichana T. Nano spray-dried pyrazinamide-l-leucine dry powders, physical properties and feasibility used as dry powder aerosols. Pharm Dev Technol 2014; 21:68-75. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2014.971373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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76
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Merchant Z, Taylor KMG, Stapleton P, Razak SA, Kunda N, Alfagih I, Sheikh K, Saleem IY, Somavarapu S. Engineering hydrophobically modified chitosan for enhancing the dispersion of respirable microparticles of levofloxacin. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:816-29. [PMID: 25305582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The potential of amphiphilic chitosan formed by grafting octanoyl chains on the chitosan backbone for pulmonary delivery of levofloxacin has been studied. The success of polymer synthesis was confirmed using FT-IR and NMR, whilst antimicrobial activity was assessed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Highly dispersible dry powders for delivery as aerosols were prepared with different amounts of chitosan and octanoyl chitosan to study the effect of hydrophobic modification and varying concentration of polymer on aerosolization of drug. Powders were prepared by spray-drying from an aqueous solution containing levofloxacin and chitosan/amphiphilic octanoyl chitosan. l-leucine was also used to assess its effect on aerosolization. Following spray-drying, the resultant powders were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, laser diffraction, dynamic light scattering, HPLC, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. The in vitro aerosolization profile was determined using a Next Generation Impactor, whilst in vitro antimicrobial assessment was performed using MIC assay. Microparticles of chitosan have the property of mucoadhesion leading to potential increased residence time in the pulmonary mucus, making it important to test the toxicity of these formulations. In-vitro cytotoxicity evaluation using MTT assay was performed on A549 cell line to determine the toxicity of formulations and hence feasibility of use. The MTT assay confirmed that the polymers and the formulations were non-cytotoxic. Hydrophobically modifying chitosan showed significantly lower MIC (4-fold) than the commercial chitosan against P. aeruginosa. The powders generated were of suitable aerodynamic size for inhalation having a mass median aerodynamic diameter less than 4.5μm for formulations containing octanoyl chitosan. These highly dispersible powders have minimal moisture adsorption and hence an emitted dose of more than 90% and a fine particle fraction (FPF) of 52%. Powders with non-modified chitosan showed lower dispersibility, with an emitted dose of 72% and FPF of 20%, as a result of high moisture adsorption onto the chitosan matrix leading to cohesiveness and subsequently decreased dispersibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Merchant
- University College London School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin M G Taylor
- University College London School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Stapleton
- University College London School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sana A Razak
- University College London School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nitesh Kunda
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Iman Alfagih
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmaceutics, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Sheikh
- University College London School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Imran Y Saleem
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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77
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Walters RH, Bhatnagar B, Tchessalov S, Izutsu KI, Tsumoto K, Ohtake S. Next Generation Drying Technologies for Pharmaceutical Applications. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:2673-2695. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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78
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Zhou Q(T, Tang P, Leung SSY, Chan JGY, Chan HK. Emerging inhalation aerosol devices and strategies: where are we headed? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 75:3-17. [PMID: 24732364 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel inhaled therapeutics including antibiotics, vaccines and anti-hypertensives, have led to innovations in designing suitable delivery systems. These emerging design technologies are in urgent demand to ensure high aerosolisation performance, consistent efficacy and satisfactory patient adherence. Recent vibrating-mesh and software technologies have resulted in nebulisers that have remarkably accurate dosing and portability. Alternatively, dry powder inhalers (DPIs) have become highly favourable for delivering high-dose and single-dose drugs with the aid of advanced particle engineering. In contrast, innovations are needed to overcome the technical constrains in drug-propellant incompatibility and delivering high-dose drugs with pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs). This review discusses recent and emerging trends in pulmonary drug delivery systems.
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79
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Parsian AR, Vatanara A, Rahmati MR, Gilani K, Khosravi KM, Najafabadi AR. Inhalable budesonide porous microparticles tailored by spray freeze drying technique. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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80
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Daman Z, Gilani K, Rouholamini Najafabadi A, Eftekhari HR, Barghi MA. Formulation of inhalable lipid-based salbutamol sulfate microparticles by spray drying technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:50. [PMID: 24919924 PMCID: PMC4077687 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-22-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this work was to develop dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations of salbutamol sulfate (SS) by the aid of solid lipid microparticles (SLmPs), composed of biocompatible phospholipids or cholesterol. Methods The SLmPs were prepared by using two different solvent systems (ethanol and water-ethanol) and lipid carriers (dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol) with/without L-leucine in the spray drying process. The spray-dried microparticles were physically-mixed with coarse lactose monohydrate in order to make our final DPI formulations and were investigated in terms of physical characteristics as well as in vitro drug release profile and aerosolization behavior. Results We observed significant differences in the sizes, morphologies, and in vitro pulmonary depositions between the formulations. In particular, the SS-containing SLmPs prepared with water-ethanol (30:70 v/v) solution of DPPC and L-leucine which had then been blended with coarse lactose (1:9 w/w) exhibited the highest emitted dose (87.9%) and fine particle fraction (42.7%) among the formulations. In vitro drug release study indicated that despite of having a significant initial burst release for both cholesterol and DPPC-based microparticles, the remained drug released more slowly than the pure drug. Conclusion This study demonstrated the potential of using lipid carriers as well as L-leucine in DPI formulations of SS to improve its aerosolization behavior and retard the release profile of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kambiz Gilani
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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81
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The use of amino acids to prepare physically and conformationally stable spray-dried IgG with enhanced aerosol performance. Int J Pharm 2014; 466:163-71. [PMID: 24614584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of various amino acids on the molecular and thermodynamic stability of IgG (immune globulin G) as well as its aerosol performance. The antibody was spray-dried in the presence of different amino acids (leucine, phenylalanine, cysteine, glycine, lysine and arginine) using 20% and 50% (w/w) amino acid. SEC-HPLC, SDS-PAGE and IR-spectroscopy were performed to evaluate the stability of spray-dried IgG. The in-vitro aerosol performance of the well-stabilized formulations was subsequently assessed. IgG containing phenylalanine at 20 and 50% w/w produced the lowest content of aggregated antibody (1.35 ± 0.24%) and (1.12 ± 0.15%). The application of phenylalanine and cysteine at 50% (w/w) demonstrated the best storage stability (2 month at 45°C) with a rate constant of 0.006/month and enhanced fine particle fractions of 62.43 ± 0.34% and 70.51 ± 0.23%, respectively. Samples containing 50% arginine exhibited significantly perturbed conformation and, consequently, the highest aggregation rate constant of 0.019/month following storage. These results indicate that phenylalanine and cysteine serve as efficacious amino acids for the preparation of IgG dry powder with regard to stability and aerodynamic properties.
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82
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Yang Y, Yang Z, Ren Y, Mei X. Effects of formulation and operating variables on Zanamivir dry powder inhalation characteristics and aerosolization performance. Drug Deliv 2014; 21:480-6. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.883113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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83
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84
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Hoe S, Boraey MA, Ivey JW, Finlay WH, Vehring R. Manufacturing and device options for the delivery of biotherapeutics. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2013; 27:315-28. [PMID: 24299502 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2013.1090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotherapeutic aerosol formulations are an intense area of interest for systemic and local drug delivery. This article provides a short overview of typical factors required specifically for biotherapeutic aerosol formulation design, the processing options open for consideration, and the issue of inhalation device selection. Focusing on spray drying, four case studies are used to highlight the relevant issues, describing investigations into: (1) the mechanical stresses occurring in bacteriophage formulations during spray-dryer atomization; (2) modeling of the spray-dryer process and droplet drying kinetics, to assist process design and predictions of formulation stability; (3) a predictive approach to the design and processing of a five-component dry powder aerosol formulation; and (4) the survival of bacteriophages after pressurized metered dose inhaler atomization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Hoe
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB, Canada
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85
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Tawfeek HM. Evaluation of PEG and mPEG-co-(PGA-co-PDL) microparticles loaded with sodium diclofenac. Saudi Pharm J 2013; 21:387-97. [PMID: 24227959 PMCID: PMC3824949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to synthesize and evaluate novel biodegradable polyesters namely; poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(glycerol adipate-co-ω-pentadecalactone), PEG-PGA-co-PDL-PEG, and poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether)-Poly(glycerol adipate-co-ω-pentadecalactone), PGA-co-PDL-PEGme as an alternative sustained release carrier for lung delivery compared with non-PEG containing polymer PGA-co-PDL. The co-polymers were synthesized through lipase catalysis ring opening polymerization reaction and characterized using GPC, FT-IR, (1)H-NMR and surface contact angle. Furthermore, microparticles containing a model hydrophilic drug, sodium diclofenac, were prepared via spray drying from a modified single emulsion and characterized for their encapsulation efficiency, geometrical particle size, zeta potential, tapped density, primary aerodynamic diameter, amorphous nature, morphology, in vitro release and the aerosolization performance. Microparticles fabricated from mPEG-co-polymer can be targeted to the lung periphery with an optimum in vitro deposition. Furthermore, a significantly higher in vitro release (p > 0.05, ANOVA/Dunnett's) was observed with the PEG and mPEG-co-polymers compared to PGA-co-PDL. In addition, these co-polymers have a good safety profile upon testing on human bronchial epithelial, 16HBE14o- cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham M. Tawfeek
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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86
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Zhou Q, Qu L, Gengenbach T, Larson I, Stewart PJ, Morton DAV. Effect of surface coating with magnesium stearate via mechanical dry powder coating approach on the aerosol performance of micronized drug powders from dry powder inhalers. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013. [PMID: 23196863 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-012-9895-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of particle surface coating with magnesium stearate on the aerosolization of dry powder inhaler formulations. Micronized salbutamol sulphate as a model drug was dry coated with magnesium stearate using a mechanofusion technique. The coating quality was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Powder bulk and flow properties were assessed by bulk densities and shear cell measurements. The aerosol performance was studied by laser diffraction and supported by a twin-stage impinger. High degrees of coating coverage were achieved after mechanofusion, as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Concomitant significant increases occurred in powder bulk densities and in aerosol performance after coating. The apparent optimum performance corresponded with using 2% w/w magnesium stearate. In contrast, traditional blending resulted in no significant changes in either bulk or aerosolization behaviour compared to the untreated sample. It is believed that conventional low-shear blending provides insufficient energy levels to expose host micronized particle surfaces from agglomerates and to distribute guest coating material effectively for coating. A simple ultra-high-shear mechanical dry powder coating step was shown as highly effective in producing ultra-thin coatings on micronized powders and to substantially improve the powder aerosolization efficiency.
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87
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Tawfeek HM, Evans AR, Iftikhar A, Mohammed AR, Shabir A, Somavarapu S, Hutcheon GA, Saleem IY. Dry powder inhalation of macromolecules using novel PEG-co-polyester microparticle carriers. Int J Pharm 2013; 441:611-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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88
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Wan F, Maltesen M, Bjerregaard S, Foged C, Rantanen J, Yang M. Particle engineering technologies for improving the delivery of peptide and protein drugs. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(13)50052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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89
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Stegemann S, Kopp S, Borchard G, Shah V, Senel S, Dubey R, Urbanetz N, Cittero M, Schoubben A, Hippchen C, Cade D, Fuglsang A, Morais J, Borgström L, Farshi F, Seyfang KH, Hermann R, van de Putte A, Klebovich I, Hincal A. Developing and advancing dry powder inhalation towards enhanced therapeutics. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 48:181-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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90
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Chen KH, Mueannoom W, Gaisford S, Kett VL. Investigation into the effect of varying l-leucine concentration on the product characteristics of spray-dried liposome powders. J Pharm Pharmacol 2012; 64:1412-24. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2012.01521.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Spray-dried formulations offer an attractive delivery system for administration of drug encapsulated into liposomes to the lung, but can suffer from low encapsulation efficiency and poor aerodynamic properties. In this paper the effect of the concentration of the anti-adherent l-leucine was investigated in tandem with the protectants sucrose and trehalose.
Methods
Two manufacturing methods were compared in terms of their ability to offer small liposomal size, low polydispersity and high encapsulation of the drug indometacin.
Key findings
Unexpectedly sucrose offered the best protection to the liposomes during the spray drying process, although formulations containing trehalose formed products with the best powder characteristics for pulmonary delivery; high glass transition values, fine powder fraction and yield. It was also found that l-leucine contributed positively to the characteristics of the powders, but that it should be used with care as above the optimum concentration of 0.5% (w/w) the size and polydispersity index increased significantly for both disaccharide formulations.
Conclusions
The method of liposome preparation had no effect on the stability or encapsulation efficiency of spray-dried powders containing optimal protectant and anti-adherent. Using l-leucine at concentrations higher than the optimum level caused instability in the reconstituted liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hung Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Simon Gaisford
- The School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, UK
| | - Vicky L Kett
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
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91
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de Boer AH, Chan HK, Price R. A critical view on lactose-based drug formulation and device studies for dry powder inhalation: which are relevant and what interactions to expect? Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:257-74. [PMID: 21565232 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Many years of research have not led to a profound knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the formulation and dispersion of carrier based mixtures for inhalation. Although it is well understood that the mixing is a key process in DPI carrier based formulation, there remains a limited understanding of how blending processes affect in-process material properties and the resulting distribution of the drug in the final dosage form. A great number of variables are considered relevant to the interfacial forces in adhesive mixtures, but their effects have mostly been investigated individually, without taking account of the influence they may have on each other. Interactions may be expected and without proper choices made and definitions given for all the variables involved, conclusions from studies on adhesive mixtures are of less relevance. By varying any of the variables that are not subject of the study, an opposite effect may be obtained. Currently, there is a strong focus on exploring techniques for the characterisation of drug and carrier surface properties that are believed to have an influence on the interparticulate forces in adhesive mixtures. For a number of surface properties it may be questioned whether they are really the key parameters to investigate however. Their orders of magnitude are subordinate to the effects they are supposed to have on the drug-to-carrier forces. Therefore, they seem rather indicators of other variability and their influence may be dominated by other effects. Finally, the relevance of inhaler design is often ignored. By using powerful inhalers, the effect of many variables of current concern may become less relevant. Carrier properties that are considered disadvantageous at present may even become desirable when a more appropriate type of dispersion force is applied. This can be shown for the effect of carrier surface rugosity when inertial separation forces are applied instead of the more widely applied lift and drag forces. Therefore, inhaler design should be taken into consideration when evaluating studies on adhesive mixtures. It should also become an integral part of powder formulation for inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H de Boer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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92
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Lawlor C, O'Sullivan MP, Rice B, Dillon P, Gallagher PJ, O'Leary S, Shoyele S, Keane J, Cryan SA. Therapeutic aerosol bioengineering of targeted, inhalable microparticle formulations to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb). JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:89-98. [PMID: 22183789 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4511-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic aerosol bioengineering (TAB) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) therapies using inhalable microparticles offers a unique opportunity to target drugs to the site of infection in the alveolar macrophages, thereby increasing dosing in the lungs and limiting systemic exposure to often toxic drugs. Previous work by us used sophisticated, high content analysis to design the optimal poly(lactide-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microparticle for delivery of drugs to alveolar macrophages. Herein, we applied this technology to three different anti-MTb drugs. These formulations were then tested for encapsulation efficiency, drug-release, in vitro killing against MTb and aerosol performance. Methods for encapsulating each of the drugs in the PLGA microparticles were successfully developed and found to be capable of controlling the release of the drug for up to 4 days. The efficacy of each of the encapsulated anti-MTb drugs was maintained and in some cases enhanced post-encapsulation. A method of processing these drug-loaded microparticles for inhalation using standard dry powder inhaler devices was successfully developed that enabled a very high respirable dose of the drug to be delivered from a simple dry powder inhaler device. Overall, TAB offers unique opportunities to more effectively treat MTb with many potential clinical and economic benefits resulting.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lawlor
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
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93
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Yang XB, Wang XB, Pan WS, Xi RG, Wang YN, Liu D, Shi Y, Jiang S. Optimization and characterization of dry powder of fanhuncaoin for inhalation based on selection of excipients. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2011; 59:929-37. [PMID: 21804235 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.59.929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, dry powder formulations for inhalation of fanhuncaoin, a newly discovered antiinflammatorily active compound isolated from Chinese herb, were designed to optimize the composition and further explore the relationship between the composition, the physical properties and the aerosolization performance. Dry powders were prepared by spray-drying using leucine, chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) as excipients. Following spray-drying, resultant powders were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, tapped density analysis, laser diffractometry, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The aerosol behaviour of the powders was studied in a Twin Stage Impinger at an airflow rate of 60 l/min using a HandiHaler® inhaler device. Results revealed that the nature and the relative proportion of the excipients greatly influenced the physical characteristics of the powders and their aerodynamic behavior. Among the combinations tested, the composition ratio of fanhuncaoin/leucine/chitosan/chitosan oligosaccharide/DPPC of 10/45/33.75/11.25/0.4 (w/w/w/w/w) prepared in a total solid mass of 1% (w/v) formulation was found to be particularly optimal and exhibited a tapped density of 0.44 g/cm³, an aerodynamic diameter of 2.24 µm and an respirable fraction of 51.29%. In conclusion, optimization of the aerosolization properties of inhalation dry powders could be achieved by appropriately selecting the composition of the particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-bo Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Liaoning, China
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94
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Tuli RA, Dargaville TR, George GA, Islam N. Polycaprolactone microspheres as carriers for dry powder inhalers: effect of surface coating on aerosolization of salbutamol sulfate. J Pharm Sci 2011; 101:733-45. [PMID: 21956254 DOI: 10.1002/jps.22777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the factors controlling aerosolization of salbutamol sulfate (SS) from mixtures with polycaprolactone (PCL) microspheres fabricated using an emulsion technique with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as stabilizer. The fine particle fraction (FPF) of SS from PCL measured by a twin-stage impinger was unexpectedly found to be zero, although scanning electron microscopy showed that the drug coated the entire microsphere. Precoating the microspheres with magnesium stearate (MgSt) excipient solutions (1%-2%) significantly increased (p < 0.05, n = 5) the FPF of SS (11.4%-15.4%), whereas precoating with leucine had a similar effect (FPF = 11.3 ± 1.1%), but was independent of the solution concentration. The force of adhesion (by atomic force microscopy) between the PCL microspheres and SS was reduced from 301.4 ± 21.7 nN to 110.9 ± 30.5 nN and 121.8 ± 24.6 nN, (p < 0.05, n = 5) for 1% and 2% MgSt solutions, respectively, and to 148.1 ± 21.0 nN when coated with leucine. The presence of PVA on the PCL microspheres (detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) affected the detachment of SS due to strong adhesion between the two, presumably due to capillary forces acting between them. Precoating the microspheres with excipients increased the FPF significantly by reducing the drug-carrier adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku A Tuli
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Queensland 4059, Australia
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95
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Investigating the interactions of amino acid components on a mannitol-based spray-dried powder formulation for pulmonary delivery: A design of experiment approach. Int J Pharm 2011; 421:220-9. [PMID: 21963471 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Combining an amino acid and a sugar is a known strategy in the formulation of spray or freeze dried biomolecule powder formulations. The effect of the amino acid leucine in enhancing performance of spray-dried powders has been previously demonstrated, but interaction effects of several constituents which may provide multiple benefits, are less well-understood. A 3 factor 2 level (2(3)) factorial design was used to study the effects of leucine, glycine and alanine in a mannitol-based dry powder formulation on particle size, aerosolisation, emitted dose and cohesion. Other qualitative tests including scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction were also conducted on the design of experiment (DoE) trials. The results show that the use of glycine and/or alanine, though structurally related to leucine, did not achieve similar aerosol performance enhancing effects, rather the particle formation was hindered. However, when used in appropriate concentrations with leucine, the combination of amino acids produced an enhanced performance regardless of the presence of glycine and/or alanine, yielding significantly modified particle properties. The results from the DoE analyses also revealed the lack of linearity of effects for certain responses with a significant curvature in the model which would otherwise not be discovered using a trial-and-error approach.
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96
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Prota L, Santoro A, Bifulco M, Aquino RP, Mencherini T, Russo P. Leucine enhances aerosol performance of Naringin dry powder and its activity on cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells. Int J Pharm 2011; 412:8-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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97
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Poly(Glycerol Adipate-co-ω-Pentadecalactone) Spray-Dried Microparticles as Sustained Release Carriers for Pulmonary Delivery. Pharm Res 2011; 28:2086-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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98
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Cruz L, Fattal E, Tasso L, Freitas GC, Carregaro AB, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Tsapis N. Formulation and in vivo evaluation of sodium alendronate spray-dried microparticles intended for lung delivery. J Control Release 2011; 152:370-5. [PMID: 21396412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Spray-dried powders for lung delivery of sodium alendronate (SA) were prepared from hydroalcoholic solutions. Formulations display geometric particle size below to 12 μm and spherical shape associated to a hollow structure. The addition of leucine and ammonium bicarbonate leads to porous particles with rough surfaces. The tapped density ranges from 0.016 to 0.062 g/cm(3), decreasing with the increase of the leucine concentration. For all formulations, the calculated aerodynamic diameters are lower than 5 μm. The in vitro aerodynamic evaluation shows that all powders present a high emitted fraction of 100%, a fine particle fraction ranging from 34.4% to 62.0% and an alveolar fraction ranging from to 23.7% to 42.6%. An optimized sample was evaluated regarding sodium alendronate acute pulmonary toxicity and lung bioavailability. The bronchoalveolar lavage study shows that the intratracheal administration of sodium alendronate dry powder and sodium alendronate aqueous solution do not induce significant increases of lung toxicity indicators as compared with the positive control. Moreover, the intratracheal administration of sodium alendronate dry powder results in a 6.23 ± 0.83% bioavailability, a 3.5-fold increase as compared to oral bioavailability. Finally, these results suggest that sodium alendronate pulmonary delivery could be a new and promising administration route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Cruz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
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99
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Han Q, Yang R, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang C. Synthesis of leucine micro/nanocrystals for pharmaceutical applications. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ce05519d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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100
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Xu Z, Mansour HM, Mulder T, McLean R, Langridge J, Hickey AJ. Heterogeneous particle deaggregation and its implication for therapeutic aerosol performance. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:3442-61. [PMID: 20232454 DOI: 10.1002/jps.22057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aerosolization performance of dry powder blends of drugs for the treatment of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases have been reported in three previous articles. In vitro aerosolization was performed at defined shear stresses (0.624-13.143 N/m(2)). Formulations were characterized aerodynamically and powder aerosol deaggregation equations (PADE) and corresponding linear regression analyses for pharmaceutical aerosolization were applied. Particle deaggregation is the result of overcoming fundamental forces acting at the particle interface. A new method, PADE, describing dry powder formulation performance in a shear stress range has been developed which may allow a fundamental understanding of interparticulate and surface forces. The application of PADE predicts performance efficiency and reproducibility and supports rational design of dry powder formulations. The analogy of aerosol performance with surface molecular adsorption has important implications. Expressions describing surface adsorption were intended to allow elucidation of mechanisms involving surface heterogeneity, lateral interaction, and multilayer adsorption of a variety of materials. By using a similar expression for drug aerosolization performance, it is conceivable that an analogous mechanistic approach to the evaluation of particulate systems would be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xu
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360, USA
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