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Winnicka K, Wroblewska M, Sosnowska K, Car H, Kasacka I. Evaluation of cationic polyamidoamine dendrimers' dermal toxicity in the rat skin model. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:1367-77. [PMID: 25834395 PMCID: PMC4357618 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s78336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are multi-branched, three-dimensional polymers with unique architecture, which makes these molecules attractive for medical and pharmaceutical applications. Using PAMAM as drug carriers for topical delivery might be beneficial as they only produce a transient effect without skin irritation. To evaluate the dermal toxicity of cationic PAMAM dendrimers generation 2 and generation 3, skin irritation studies were performed in vivo in the rat skin model. After 10 days topical application of various concentrations of PAMAM-NH2 (0.3 mg/mL, 3 mg/mL, 6 mg/mL, 30 mg/mL, 300 mg/mL), skin irritation was evaluated by visual, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examination. Microscopic assessment after hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed significant morphological changes of epidermal cells after application of PAMAM-NH2 at a concentration of ≥6 mg/mL. Morphological alterations of epidermal cells included cytoplasmic vacuolization of keratinocytes in the basal and spinous layers. Cytomorphological changes in keratinocytes, overall picture of the epidermis, and histopathological changes in the dermis were dose dependent. Detected alterations concerned hyperplasia of connective tissue fibers and leukocyte infiltration. Visible granulocyte infiltration in the upper dermis and sockets formed by necrotic, cornified cells in the hyperplastic foci of epithelium were also noted. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that increased nuclear immunoreactivity to PCNA correlated with the concentration of PAMAM-NH2, but no significant differences in the cell proliferation activity in skin treated with PAMAM-NH2 generation 2 or generation 3 were observed. Significantly higher expression of PCNA extended throughout the skin layers might suggest abnormal cell proliferation, which, as a consequence, might even lead to neoplastic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Winnicka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wroblewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Sosnowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Halina Car
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Irena Kasacka
- Department of Histology and Cytophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Mohammadifar E, Nemati Kharat A, Adeli M. Polyamidoamine and polyglycerol; their linear, dendritic and linear–dendritic architectures as anticancer drug delivery systems. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:3896-3921. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb02133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the latest advances in the conjugation of chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin, paclitaxel, methotrexate, fluorouracil and cisplatin to dendritic polymers, including polyamidoamine dendrimers, hyperbranched polyglycerols and their linear analogues, with a focus on their cytotoxicity, biodistribution and biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Mohammadifar
- School of Chemistry
- University College of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Ali Nemati Kharat
- School of Chemistry
- University College of Science
- University of Tehran
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Lorestan University
- Khoramabad
- Iran
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Antonio JR, Antônio CR, Cardeal ILS, Ballavenuto JMA, Oliveira JR. Nanotechnology in dermatology. An Bras Dermatol 2014; 89:126-36. [PMID: 24626657 PMCID: PMC3938363 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The scientific community and general public have been exposed to a series of achievements attributed to a new area of knowledge: Nanotechnology. Both abroad and in Brazil, funding agencies have launched programs aimed at encouraging this type of research. Indeed, for many who come into contact with this subject it will be clear the key role that chemical knowledge will play in the evolution of this subject. And even more, will see that it is a science in which the basic structure is formed by distilling different areas of inter-and multidisciplinary knowledge along the lines of new paradigms. In this article, we attempt to clarify the foundations of nanotechnology, and demonstrate their contribution to new advances in dermatology as well as medicine in general. Nanotechnology is clearly the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Roberto Antonio
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, Dermatology Service, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Emeritus Professor, State School of Medicine, São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) - Head of Dermatology and the Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Antônio
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, Dermatology Service, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Doctor Dermatologist - Professor responsible for Dermatological and Laser Surgery, Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Izabela Lídia Soares Cardeal
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Doctor, State School of Medicine, São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP). Resident of the Dermatology Service, Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Avelino Ballavenuto
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Medical Academic, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
| | - João Rodrigo Oliveira
- São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine, São José do Rio PretoSP, Brazil, Medical Academic, São José do Rio Preto State School of Medicine (FAMERP) - São José do Rio Preto (SP), Brazil
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Enhanced therapeutic efficacy of lipophilic amphotericin B against Candida albicans with amphiphilic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) nanogels. Macromol Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-014-2162-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Pang X, Yang X, Zhai G. Polymer-drug conjugates: recent progress on administration routes. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1075-86. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.912779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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56
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Barra PA, Barraza L, Jiménez VA, Gavín JA, Alderete JB. Complexation of Mefenamic Acid by Low-Generation PAMAM Dendrimers: Insight from NMR Spectroscopy Studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pabla A. Barra
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad de Concepcion; Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile
| | - Luis Barraza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad de Concepcion; Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile
| | - Verónica A. Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad de Concepcion; Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile
| | - José A. Gavín
- Instituto Universitario de Bioorgánica, “A. González”; Universidad de la Laguna; Avda. Astrofísico F. Sánchez 2 La Laguna Tenerife Spain
| | - Joel B. Alderete
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad de Concepcion; Casilla 160-C Concepcion Chile
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Guo C, Zhang Y, Sun M, Wang Z, Fan A, Zhao Y. Modulating topical drug delivery via skin pre-treatment with low-generation poly(amidoamine) dendrimers. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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60
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Uram Ł, Szuster M, Gargasz K, Filipowicz A, Wałajtys-Rode E, Wołowiec S. In vitro cytotoxicity of the ternary PAMAM G3-pyridoxal-biotin bioconjugate. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:4707-20. [PMID: 24376351 PMCID: PMC3864882 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s53254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A third-generation polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM G3) was used as a macromolecular carrier for pyridoxal and biotin. The binary covalent bioconjugate of G3, with nine molecules of biotin per one molecule of G3 (G39B), and the ternary covalent bioconjugate of G3, with nine biotin and ten pyridoxal molecules (G39B10P), were synthesized. The biotin and pyridoxal residues of the bioconjugate were available for carboxylase and transaminase enzymes, as demonstrated in the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate and alanine to pyruvate, respectively, by in vitro monitoring of the reactions, using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The toxicity of the ternary bioconjugate (BC-PAMAM) was studied in vitro on BJ human normal skin fibroblasts and human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-15) cell cultures in comparison with PAMAM G3, using three cytotoxicity assays (XTT, neutral red, and crystal violet) and an estimation of apoptosis by confocal microscopy detection. The tests have shown that BC-PAMAM has significantly lower cytotoxicity compared with PAMAM. Nonconjugated PAMAM was not cytotoxic at concentrations up to 5 μM (NR) and 10 μM (XTT), and BC-PAMAM was not cytotoxic up to 50 μM (both assays) for both cell lines. It has been also found that normal fibroblasts were more sensitive than SCC to both PAMAM and BC-PAMAM. The effect of PAMAM and BC-PAMAM on the initiation of apoptosis (PAMAM in fibroblasts at 5 μM and BC-PAMAM at 10 μM in both cell lines) corresponded with cytotoxicity assays for both cell lines. We concluded that normal fibroblasts are more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of the PAMAM G3 dendrimer and that modification of its surface cationic groups by substitution with biologically active molecules significantly decreases that effect, confirming that PAMAM G3 is a useful candidate as a carrier for active biocompound delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Uram
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Magdalena Szuster
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gargasz
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Filipowicz
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Wałajtys-Rode
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Stanisław Wołowiec
- Cosmetology Department, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
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61
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Expand classical drug administration ways by emerging routes using dendrimer drug delivery systems: a concise overview. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1316-30. [PMID: 23415951 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Drugs are introduced into the body by numerous routes such as enteral (oral, sublingual and rectum administration), parenteral (intravascular, intramuscular, subcutaneous and inhalation administration), or topical (skin and mucosal membranes). Each route has specific purposes, advantages and disadvantages. Today, the oral route remains the preferred one for different reasons such as ease and compliance by patients. Several nanoformulated drugs have been already approved by the FDA, such as Abelcet®, Doxil®, Abraxane® or Vivagel®(Starpharma) which is an anionic G4-poly(L-lysine)-type dendrimer showing potent topical vaginal microbicide activity. Numerous biochemical studies, as well as biological and pharmacological applications of both dendrimer based products (dendrimers as therapeutic compounds per se, like Vivagel®) and dendrimers as drug carriers (covalent conjugation or noncovalent encapsulation of drugs) were described. It is widely known that due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties, dendrimers afforded improvement of corresponding carried-drugs as dendrimer-drug complexes or conjugates (versus plain drug) such as biodistribution and pharmacokinetic behaviors. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the recent progresses of dendrimers as nanoscale drug delivery systems for the delivery of drugs using enteral, parenteral and topical routes. In particular, we focus our attention on the emerging and promising routes such as oral, transdermal, ocular and transmucosal routes using dendrimers as delivery systems.
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62
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Chen Y, Wang M, Fang L. Biomaterials as novel penetration enhancers for transdermal and dermal drug delivery systems. Drug Deliv 2013; 20:199-209. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2013.801533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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63
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Agrawal U, Mehra NK, Gupta U, Jain NK. Hyperbranched dendritic nano-carriers for topical delivery of dithranol. J Drug Target 2013; 21:497-506. [PMID: 23594093 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2013.771778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the current investigation was to explore the potential of polypropylene imine (PPI) dendrimers to deliver dithranol (DIT) topically and to evaluate its encapsulation, permeation and skin irritation potential. PPI (5.0 generation, 5.0 G) dendrimers and DIT-loaded PPI (DIT-PPI) were prepared and characterized by spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. DIT encapsulation, in vitro skin permeation study, skin irritation studies, fluorescent studies and tape stripping studies were performed. Loading of DIT was found to be pH dependent with maximum encapsulation at acidic pH (1.0 ± 0.02, 17.2 ± 0.56 and 57.1 ± 1.32% at 7.4, 5.5 and 1.2 pH, respectively). DIT-PPI showed significantly enhanced permeation rate constant and lesser skin irritation (11.61 ± 1.80 μg/cm(2)/h and 1.0, respectively) when compared with the plain DIT solution (2.72 ± 0.31 μg/cm(2)/h and 2.3, respectively). Skin separation studies and confocal laser scanning microscope images showed that the dye-loaded dendrimers exhibits deposition of dye in pilosebaceous compartment. These studies demonstrate that PPI can be exploited to improve the topical bioavailability of the molecules in a controlled pattern. The enhanced accumulation of DIT via dendrimer carrier within the skin might help optimize targeting of this drug to the epidermal and dermal sites, thus creating new opportunities for well-controlled, modern topical application of DIT for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udita Agrawal
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. H. S. Gour Central University, Sagar, Madhya Pradesh 470003, India
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64
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Yang Y, Bugno J, Hong S. Nanoscale polymeric penetration enhancers in topical drug delivery. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00049d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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65
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Mutalik S, Parekh H, Anissimov Y, Grice J, Roberts M. Iontophoresis-Mediated Transdermal Permeation of Peptide Dendrimers across Human Epidermis. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2013; 26:127-38. [DOI: 10.1159/000348469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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66
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Lamellar liquid crystalline phases for cutaneous delivery of Paclitaxel: impact of the monoglyceride. Pharm Res 2012; 30:694-706. [PMID: 23135821 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-012-0908-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop liquid crystalline phases with monoglycerides, and assess whether the monoglyceride type favors cutaneous over transdermal paclitaxel delivery. METHODS BRIJ-based lamellar phases were prepared with 0.5% paclitaxel and 20% of either monocaprylin (LP-MC), monomyristolein (LP-MM) or monoolein (LP-MO). Skin electrical resistance, drug release and cutaneous delivery in vitro and in vivo were assessed. Viability of skin equivalents and release of IL-1α were assessed as indexes of irritation potential. RESULTS An inverse relationship between monoglyceride acyl chain length and amount of paclitaxel delivered was observed. Although the largest paclitaxel amounts were delivered by LP-MC, all formulations delivered higher levels of drug in the skin (56-64-fold) than across the tissue. The superiority of LP-MC seems related to a stronger decrease in skin resistance (as an index of permeability), and not to increased drug release. LP-MC displayed similar penetration-enhancing ability in vivo, and a much lower irritation potential than Triton-X100 (a moderate irritant), leading to 3-fold higher skin equivalent viability and release of 60-fold less IL-1α. CONCLUSIONS Even though LP-MC delivered the largest amounts of paclitaxel, all formulations provided similar cutaneous/transdermal delivery ratios, suggesting that changing the monoglyceride acyl chain length did not affect the balance between cutaneous and transdermal delivery.
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67
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Filipowicz A, Wołowiec S. Bioconjugates of PAMAM dendrimers with trans-retinal, pyridoxal, and pyridoxal phosphate. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:4819-28. [PMID: 22973101 PMCID: PMC3439857 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s34175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bioconjugates of a polyamidoamine (PAMAM) G3 dendrimer and an aldehyde were synthesized as carriers for vitamins A and B6, and the bioavailability of these vitamins for skin nutrition was investigated. Methods Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet-visible methods were used to characterize the structure of the bioconjugates and for monitoring release of pyridoxal (Pyr) and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) from these bioconjugates in vitro. A skin model permeation of bioconjugates was also studied in a Franz chamber. Results A transdermal G3 PAMAM dendrimer was used to synthesize bioconjugates with trans-retinal (Ret), pyridoxal (Pyr), or PLP. These nanomolecules, containing up to four covalently linked Ret, Pyr, or PLP (G34Ret, G34Pyr, and G34PLP), were able to permeate the skin, as demonstrated in vitro using a model skin membrane. PLP and Pyr bound to a macromolecular vehicle were active cofactors for glutamic pyruvic transaminase, as shown by 1H NMR spectral monitoring of the progress of the L-alanine + α-ketoglutarate → glutamic acid + pyruvic acid reaction. Conclusion PAMAM-PLP, PAMAM-Pyr, and PAMAM-Ret bioconjugates are able to permeate the skin. PLP and Pyr are available as cofactors for glutamic pyruvic transaminase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Filipowicz
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
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68
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Buczkowski A, Piekarski H, Palecz B. Stoichiometry and equilibrium constant of the complex of PAMAM-NH2 G4 and 5-fluorouracil. J Mol Liq 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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69
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Pepe D, Phelps J, Lewis K, Dujack J, Scarlett K, Jahan S, Bonnier E, Milic-Pasetto T, Hass MA, Lopes LB. Decylglucoside-based microemulsions for cutaneous localization of lycopene and ascorbic acid. Int J Pharm 2012; 434:420-8. [PMID: 22692080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous delivery of combinations of antioxidants offers the possibility of enhanced protection against UV-radiation. In this study, we investigated the potential of sugar-based microemulsions containing monoglycerides to promote simultaneous cutaneous delivery of lycopene and ascorbic acid, and increase tissue antioxidant activity. Lycopene and ascorbic acid were incorporated (0.04% and 0.2% (w/w), respectively) in decylglucoside-based microemulsions containing isopropyl myristate mixed with monocaprylin (ME-MC), monolaurin (ME-ML) or monoolein (ME-MO) as oil phase. The microemulsions increased lycopene delivery into porcine ear skin by 3.3- to 8-fold compared to a drug solution. The effect of microemulsions on ascorbic acid cutaneous delivery was more modest (1.5-3-fold), and associated with an approximately 2-fold increase in transdermal delivery. According to their penetration-enhancing ability, the microemulsions were ranked ME-MC>ME-MO>ME-ML. This superiority of ME-MC coincided with a stronger effect in decreasing skin electrical resistance. After 18 h of treatment, the viability of bioengineered skin treated with ME-MC was 2.2-times higher compared to Triton-X100 (moderate irritant), demonstrating that ME-MC is less cytotoxic. Skin treatment with ME-MC containing both antioxidants increased the tissue antioxidant activity by 10.2-fold, but no synergism between the antioxidants was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Pepe
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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70
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Yang Y, Sunoqrot S, Stowell C, Ji J, Lee CW, Kim JW, Khan SA, Hong S. Effect of size, surface charge, and hydrophobicity of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers on their skin penetration. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:2154-62. [PMID: 22621160 DOI: 10.1021/bm300545b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The barrier functions of the stratum corneum and the epidermal layers present a tremendous challenge in achieving effective transdermal delivery of drug molecules. Although a few reports have shown that poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers are effective skin-penetration enhancers, little is known regarding the fundamental mechanisms behind the dendrimer-skin interactions. In this Article, we have performed a systematic study to better elucidate how dendrimers interact with skin layers depending on their size and surface groups. Franz diffusion cells and confocal microscopy were employed to observe dendrimer interactions with full-thickness porcine skin samples. We have found that smaller PAMAM dendrimers (generation 2 (G2)) penetrate the skin layers more efficiently than the larger ones (G4). We have also found that G2 PAMAM dendrimers that are surface-modified by either acetylation or carboxylation exhibit increased skin permeation and likely diffuse through an extracellular pathway. In contrast, amine-terminated dendrimers show enhanced cell internalization and skin retention but reduced skin permeation. In addition, conjugation of oleic acid to G2 dendrimers increases their 1-octanol/PBS partition coefficient, resulting in increased skin absorption and retention. Here we report that size, surface charge, and hydrophobicity directly dictate the permeation route and efficiency of dendrimer translocation across the skin layers, providing a design guideline for engineering PAMAM dendrimers as a potential transdermal delivery vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Kaminskas LM, Boyd BJ, Porter CJH. Dendrimer pharmacokinetics: the effect of size, structure and surface characteristics on ADME properties. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 6:1063-84. [PMID: 21955077 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.11.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers show increasing promise as drug-delivery vectors and can be generated with a wide range of scaffold structures, sizes and surface functionalities. To this point, the majority of studies of dendrimer-based drug-delivery systems have detailed pharmacodynamic outcomes, or have followed the pharmacokinetics of a solubilized or conjugated drug. By contrast, detailed commentary on the in vivo fate of the dendrimer carrier is less evident, even though the pharmacokinetics of the carrier will likely dictate both pharmacodynamic and toxicokinetic outcomes. In the current article, the influence of size, structure and surface functionality on the absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (ADME) properties of dendrimers have been examined and the implications of these findings for delivery system design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Kaminskas
- Drug Delivery Disposition & Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University. 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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Buczkowski A, Urbaniak P, Palecz B. Thermochemical and spectroscopic studies on the supramolecular complex of PAMAM-NH2 G4 dendrimer and 5-fluorouracil in aqueous solution. Int J Pharm 2012; 428:178-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Winnicka K, Wroblewska M, Wieczorek P, Sacha PT, Tryniszewska E. Hydrogel of ketoconazole and PAMAM dendrimers: formulation and antifungal activity. Molecules 2012; 17:4612-24. [PMID: 22513487 PMCID: PMC6268403 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17044612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ketoconazole (KET), an imidazole derivative with well-known antifungal properties, is lipophilic and practically insoluble in water, therefore its clinical use has some practical disadvantages. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of PAMAM-NH2 and PAMAM-OH dendrimers generation 2 and generation 3 on the solubility and antifungal activity of KET and to design and evaluate KET hydrogel with PAMAM dendrimers. It was shown that the surface charge of PAMAM dendrimers strongly affects their influence on the improvement of solubility and antifungal activity of KET. The MIC and MFC values obtained by broth dilution method indicate that PAMAM-NH2 dendrimers significantly (up to 16-fold) increased the antifungal activity of KET against Candida strains (e.g., in culture Candida albicans 1103059/11 MIC value was 0.008 μg/mL and 0.064 μg/mL, and MFC was 2 μg/mL and 32 μg/mL for KET in 10 mg/mL solution of PAMAM-NH2 G2 and pure KET, respectively). Antifungal activity of designed KET hydrogel with PAMAM-NH2 dendrimers measured by the plate diffusion method was definitely higher than pure KET hydrogel and than commercial available product. It was shown that the improvement of solubility and in the consequence the higher KET release from hydrogels seems to be a very significant factor affecting antifungal activity of KET in hydrogels containing PAMAM dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Winnicka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +48-85-748-56-15; Fax: +48-85-748-56-16
| | - Magdalena Wroblewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Białystok, Poland;
| | - Piotr Wieczorek
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (P.W.); (P.T.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Pawel Tomasz Sacha
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (P.W.); (P.T.S.); (E.T.)
| | - Elzbieta Tryniszewska
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, Kilińskiego 1, 15-089 Białystok, Poland; (P.W.); (P.T.S.); (E.T.)
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74
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Kumar S, Sahdev P, Perumal O, Tummala H. Identification of a Novel Skin Penetration Enhancement Peptide by Phage Display Peptide Library Screening. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:1320-30. [DOI: 10.1021/mp200594z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
57006, United States
| | - Preety Sahdev
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
57006, United States
| | - Omathanu Perumal
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
57006, United States
| | - Hemachand Tummala
- Department of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
57006, United States
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75
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Borowska K, Wołowiec S, Rubaj A, Głowniak K, Sieniawska E, Radej S. Effect of polyamidoamine dendrimer G3 and G4 on skin permeation of 8-methoxypsoralene--in vivo study. Int J Pharm 2012; 426:280-283. [PMID: 22310461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we have assessed the ability of (PAMAM) dendrimers G3 and G4 to facilitate transdermal delivery of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) in vivo. In vitro study using Franz diffusion cell revealed an enhanced transdermal flux for 8-MOP in complex with G3 and G4 dendrimer in relation to standard 8-MOP solution. In present study in vivo skin permeation potential of 8-MOP complex with G3 and G4 PAMAM dendrimer was assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), which revealed an enhanced permeation of the 8-MOP to the deeper layers of the skin and significantly higher concentration in comparison with standard 8-MOP solution. Skin tissue 8-MOP concentration, evaluated by HPLC indicates that G3 and G4 PAMAM application significantly increase 8-MOP skin deposition in comparison with standard 8-MOP solutions after 1 and 2h. G4 appeared to be a more effective 8-MOP penetration enhancer than G3 PAMAM. Our results suggest the feasibility of G3 and G4 PAMAM dendrimers for transdermal delivery of 8-MOP resulting in better skin permeation and higher concentration of 8-MOP in epidermis and dermis of the drug that could help to improve effectiveness and safety of PUVA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Borowska
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management In Rzeszów, 2 Sucharskiego Str., 35-325 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Stanisław Wołowiec
- Department of Cosmetology, University of Information Technology and Management In Rzeszów, 2 Sucharskiego Str., 35-325 Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Rubaj
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Lublin. 8 Jaczewskiego Str. 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Głowniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin,1 Chodźki Str.,20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin,1 Chodźki Str.,20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Radej
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 4 Jaczewskiego Str., 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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76
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Kaminskas LM, McLeod VM, Porter CJH, Boyd BJ. Association of chemotherapeutic drugs with dendrimer nanocarriers: an assessment of the merits of covalent conjugation compared to noncovalent encapsulation. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:355-73. [PMID: 22250750 DOI: 10.1021/mp2005966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death within developed nations, and part of this morbidity is due to difficulties associated with its treatment. Currently, anticancer therapy relies heavily upon the administration of small molecule cytotoxic drugs that attack both cancerous and noncancerous cells due to limited selectivity of the drugs and widespread distribution of the cytotoxic molecules throughout the body. The antitumor efficacy and systemic toxicity of existing chemotherapeutic drugs can, however, be improved by employing formulation and particle engineering approaches. Thus, drug delivery systems can be developed that more specifically target tumor tissue using both passive (such as the enhanced permeation and retention effect) and active (through the use of cancer targeting ligands) modalities. Dendrimers are one such system that can be developed with high structural monodispersity, long plasma circulation times and precise control over surface structure and biodistribution properties. Chemotherapeutic drugs can be associated with dendrimers via covalent conjugation to the surface, or via encapsulation of drugs within the structure. Each of these approaches has demonstrated therapeutic benefit relative to the administration of free drug. Thus far, however, there has not been a systematic review toward which drug association approach will provide the best outcomes in terms of antitumor efficacy and systemic toxicity. Hence, the current literature is reviewed here and recommendations are proposed as to the suggested approach to develop dendrimers as tumor targeted drug-delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Kaminskas
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville Campus, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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77
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Ghobril C, Lamanna G, Kueny-Stotz M, Garofalo A, Billotey C, Felder-Flesch D. Dendrimers in nuclear medical imaging. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20416e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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78
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Tomalia DA. Dendritic effects: dependency of dendritic nano-periodic property patterns on critical nanoscale design parameters (CNDPs). NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20501c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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79
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Cappiello A, Famiglini G, Termopoli V, Trufelli H, Zazzeroni R, Jacquoilleot S, Radici L, Saib O. Application of Liquid Chromatography-Direct-Electron Ionization-MS in an in Vitro Dermal Absorption Study: Quantitative Determination of trans-Cinnamaldehyde. Anal Chem 2011; 83:8537-42. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201839x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Helga Trufelli
- LC-MS Laboratory, DiSTeVA, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Raniero Zazzeroni
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Bedford, MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sandrine Jacquoilleot
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Bedford, MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
| | - Lucia Radici
- LC-MS Laboratory, DiSTeVA, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Ouarda Saib
- Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre, Unilever, Bedford, MK44 1LQ, United Kingdom
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80
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Yao C, Wang W, Zhou X, Qu T, Mu H, Liang R, Wang A, Sun K. Effects of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers on ocular absorption of puerarin using microdialysis. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2011; 27:565-9. [PMID: 21895496 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2010.0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers on ocular absorption of puerarin. METHODS The samples of rabbits' aqueous humor were collected by in vivo microdialysis. The ocular pharmacokinetic properties of puerarin were measured to evaluate the effects of PAMAM dendrimers on ocular absorption of puerarin. RESULTS In the pharmacokinetic studies, the AUC(0∼∞) values of puerarin solution with 0.2% (w/v) PAMAM dendrimers (G3.0, G4.0, G5.0) were greater than those in the control group by 2.3-, 3.5-, and 2.1-folds, respectively. The C(max) values of puerarin solution with 0.2% (w/v) PAMAM dendrimers were 1.5, 2.5, and 1.3 times the values of the control group and the t(1/2) values were significantly longer than that of control group. CONCLUSIONS Using PAMAM dendrimers might be a promising strategy to enhance the absorption of puerarin. The generation of PAMAM dendrimers may play a key role in increasing the ocular absorption of puerarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, P.R. China
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81
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Papakostas D, Rancan F, Sterry W, Blume-Peytavi U, Vogt A. Nanoparticles in dermatology. Arch Dermatol Res 2011; 303:533-50. [PMID: 21837474 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-011-1163-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology have allowed the manufacturing of elaborated nanometer-sized particles for various biomedical applications. A broad spectrum of particles, extending from various lipid nanostructures such as liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles, to metal, nanocrystalline and polymer particles have already been tested as drug delivery systems in different animal models with remarkable results, promising an extensive commercialization in the coming years. Controlled drug release to skin and skin appendages, targeting of hair follicle-specific cell populations, transcutaneous vaccination and transdermal gene therapy are only a few of these new applications. Carrier systems of the new generation take advantage of improved skin penetration properties, depot effect with sustained drug release and of surface functionalization (e.g., the binding to specific ligands) allowing specific cellular and subcellular targeting. Drug delivery to skin by means of microparticles and nanocarriers could revolutionize the treatment of several skin disorders. However, the toxicological and environmental safety of micro- and nanoparticles has to be evaluated using specific toxicological studies prior to a wider implementation of the new technology. This review aims to give an overview of the most investigated applications of transcutaneously applied particle-based formulations in the fields of cosmetics and dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Papakostas
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
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82
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Venuganti VV, Sahdev P, Hildreth M, Guan X, Perumal O. Structure-Skin Permeability Relationship of Dendrimers. Pharm Res 2011; 28:2246-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-011-0455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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83
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Nanoparticles and microparticles for skin drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:470-91. [PMID: 21315122 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 457] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Skin is a widely used route of delivery for local and systemic drugs and is potentially a route for their delivery as nanoparticles. The skin provides a natural physical barrier against particle penetration, but there are opportunities to deliver therapeutic nanoparticles, especially in diseased skin and to the openings of hair follicles. Whilst nanoparticle drug delivery has been touted as an enabling technology, its potential in treating local skin and systemic diseases has yet to be realised. Most drug delivery particle technologies are based on lipid carriers, i.e. solid lipid nanoparticles and nanoemulsions of around 300 nm in diameter, which are now considered microparticles. Metal nanoparticles are now recognized for seemingly small drug-like characteristics, i.e. antimicrobial activity and skin cancer prevention. We present our unpublished clinical data on nanoparticle penetration and previously published reports that support the hypothesis that nanoparticles >10nm in diameter are unlikely to penetrate through the stratum corneum into viable human skin but will accumulate in the hair follicle openings, especially after massage. However, significant uptake does occur after damage and in certain diseased skin. Current chemistry limits both atom by atom construction of complex particulates and delineating their molecular interactions within biological systems. In this review we discuss the skin as a nanoparticle barrier, recent work in the field of nanoparticle drug delivery to the skin, and future directions currently being explored.
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84
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Filipowicz A, Wołowiec S. Solubility and in vitro transdermal diffusion of riboflavin assisted by PAMAM dendrimers. Int J Pharm 2011; 408:152-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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85
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Buczkowski A, Sekowski S, Grala A, Palecz D, Milowska K, Urbaniak P, Gabryelak T, Piekarski H, Palecz B. Interaction between PAMAM-NH₂ G4 dendrimer and 5-fluorouracil in aqueous solution. Int J Pharm 2011; 408:266-70. [PMID: 21335079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The formation equilibrium of poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (PAMAM-NH₂ G4) complex with an oncologic drug such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in water at room temperature was examined. Using the results of the drug solubility in dendrimer solutions and the method of equilibrium dialysis, the maximal number of drug molecules in the dendrimer-drug complex and its equilibrium constant were evaluated. Solubility results show that PAMAM-NH₂ G4 dendrimer can transfer tens 5-fluorouracil molecules in aqueous solution. The number of active sites in a dendrimer macromolecule being capable of combining the drug, determined by the separation method, amounts to n=30 ± 4. The calculated equilibrium constant of the 5-FU-active site bonding is equal to K=(400 ± 120).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Buczkowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 165, Lodz 90-236, Poland
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86
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Jampilek J, Brychtova K. Azone analogues: classification, design, and transdermal penetration principles. Med Res Rev 2010; 32:907-47. [DOI: 10.1002/med.20227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno; Palackeho 1-3 612 42 Brno Czech Republic
- Zentiva k.s., U kabelovny 130; 102 37 Prague 10 Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Brychtova
- Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno; Palackeho 1-3 612 42 Brno Czech Republic
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87
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Yao W, Sun K, Mu H, Liang N, Liu Y, Yao C, Liang R, Wang A. Preparation and characterization of puerarin–dendrimer complexes as an ocular drug delivery system. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2010; 36:1027-35. [DOI: 10.3109/03639041003610799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Kaoxiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hongjie Mu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Na Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Chen Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Rongcai Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
| | - Aiping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, PR China
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88
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Interaction of cationic phosphorus dendrimers (CPD) with charged and neutral lipid membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2010; 82:8-12. [PMID: 20846836 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rapid development of modern pharmaceutics, delivery of drugs to sites of action is not always effective. The research on new targeting delivery systems of pharmacologically active molecules is of great importance. Surface properties such as surface charge of drug delivery particles frequently define their pharmacokinetic profile; hence the efficiency of drugs can be increased by application of nanoparticles having appropriate surface properties. The aim of the present work was to study the interactions of cationic phosphorus-containing dendrimers (CPD) with model lipid membranes with no charge or bearing surface charge. The interactions of two generations of phosphorus dendrimers on the thermotropic behavior of model lipid membranes composed of DMPC (uncharged) or DMPC/DPPG (negatively charged) were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of this study showed that CPDs can alter the thermotropic behaviour of the bilayer by reducing the cooperativity of phospholipids and this effect strongly depends on membrane surface charge. The information resulting from this study may be applied to the rational design of new drug carriers combining liposomal and dendrimeric technology.
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89
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Lopes LB, VanDeWall H, Li HT, Venugopal V, Li HK, Naydin S, Hosmer J, Levendusky M, Zheng H, Bentley ML, Levin R, Hass MA. Topical Delivery of Lycopene using Microemulsions: Enhanced Skin Penetration and Tissue Antioxidant Activity. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:1346-57. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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90
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Yao WJ, Sun KX, Liu Y, Liang N, Mu HJ, Yao C, Liang RC, Wang AP. Effect of Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers on Corneal Penetration of Puerarin. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:1371-7. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University
| | - Na Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University
| | | | - Chen Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University
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91
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Uehara T, Ishii D, Uemura T, Suzuki H, Kanei T, Takagi K, Takama M, Murakami M, Akizawa H, Arano Y. γ-Glutamyl PAMAM Dendrimer as Versatile Precursor for Dendrimer-Based Targeting Devices. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 21:175-81. [DOI: 10.1021/bc900410q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Uehara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ishii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoe Uemura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kanei
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Takagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masashi Takama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Murakami
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Akizawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Arano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka Ohtani University, Osaka, and Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan
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92
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Hosmer J, Reed R, Bentley MVL, Nornoo A, Lopes LB. Microemulsions containing medium-chain glycerides as transdermal delivery systems for hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:589-96. [PMID: 19440842 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-009-9251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the ability of microemulsions containing medium-chain glycerides as penetration enhancers to increase the transdermal delivery of lipophilic (progesterone) and hydrophilic (adenosine) model drugs as well as the effects of an increase in surfactant blend concentration on drug transdermal delivery. Microemulsions composed of polysorbate 80, medium-chain glycerides, and propylene glycol (1:1:1, w/w/w) as surfactant blend, myvacet oil as the oily phase, and water were developed. Two microemulsions containing different concentrations of surfactant blend but similar water/oil ratios were chosen; ME-lo contained a smaller concentration of surfactant than ME-hi (47:20:33 and 63:14:23 surfactant/oil/water, w/w/w). Although in vitro progesterone and adenosine release from ME-lo and ME-hi was similar, their transdermal delivery was differently affected. ME-lo significantly increased the flux of progesterone and adenosine delivered across porcine ear skin (4-fold or higher, p < 0.05) compared to progesterone solution in oil (0.05 +/- 0.01 microg/cm(2)/h) or adenosine in water (no drug was detected in the receptor phase). The transdermal flux of adenosine, but not of progesterone, was further increased (2-fold) by ME-hi, suggesting that increases in surfactant concentration represent an interesting strategy to enhance transdermal delivery of hydrophilic, but not of lipophilic, compounds. The relative safety of the microemulsions was assessed in cultured fibroblasts. The cytotoxicity of ME-lo and ME-hi was significantly smaller than sodium lauryl sulfate (considered moderate-to-severe irritant) at same concentrations (up to 50 microg/mL), but similar to propylene glycol (regarded as safe), suggesting the safety of these formulations.
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