51
|
Zhao Y, Sun W, Fan Q, Huang Y, Ma Y, Zhang S, Gong C, Wang B, Zhang W, Yang Q, Lin S. Exploring the potential molecular intersection of stroke and major depression disorder. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 720:150079. [PMID: 38759300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Stroke and major depression disorder are common neurological diseases, and a large number of clinical studies have shown that there is a close relationship between the two diseases, but whether the two diseases are linked at the genetic level needs to be further explored. The purpose of this study was to explore the comorbidity mechanism of stroke and major depression by using bioinformatics technology and animal experiments. From the GEO database, we gathered transcriptome data of stroke and depression mice (GSE104036, GSE131712, GSE81672, and GSE146845) and identified comorbid gene set through edgR and WGCNA analyses. Further analysis revealed that these genes were enriched in pathways associated with cell death. Programmed cell death gene sets (PCDGs) are generated from genes related to apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and autophagy. The intersection of PCDGs and comorbid gene set resulted in two hub genes, Mlkl and Nlrp3. Single-cell sequencing analysis indicated that Mlkl and Nlrp3 are mainly influential on endothelial cells and microglia, suggesting that the impairment of these two cell types may be a factor in the relationship between stroke and major depression. This was experimentally confirmed by RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Our research revealed that two specific genes, namely, Mlkl and Nlrp3, play crucial roles in the complex mechanism that links stroke and major depression. Additionally, we have predicted six possible therapeutic agents and the outcomes of docking simulations of target proteins and drug molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wenzhe Sun
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Qinlin Fan
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yufan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Changxiong Gong
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Bingqiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wanyun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Qingwu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China.
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China.
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Díaz-Maroto I, Castro-Robles B, Villar M, García-García J, Ayo-Martín Ó, Serrano-Heras G, Segura T. Plasma Levels of Neuron/Glia-Derived Apoptotic Bodies, an In Vivo Biomarker of Apoptosis, Predicts Infarct Growth and Functional Outcome in Patients with Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2024:10.1007/s12975-024-01283-4. [PMID: 39090486 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-024-01283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Evidence demonstrating the involvement of apoptosis in the death of the potentially salvageable area (penumbra zone) in patients during stroke remains limited. Our aim was to investigate whether apoptotic processes occur in penumbral brain tissue by analyzing circulating neuron- and glia-derived apoptotic bodies (CNS-ApBs), which are vesicles released into the bloodstream during the late stage of apoptosis. We have also assessed the clinical utility of plasma neuronal and glial apoptotic bodies in predicting early neurological evolution and functional outcome. The study included a total of 71 patients with acute hemispheric ischemic stroke (73 ± 10 years; 30 women). Blood samples were collected from these patients immediately upon arrival at the hospital (within 9 h) and at 24 and 72 h after symptom onset. Subsequently, isolation, quantification, and phenotypic characterization of CNS-ApBs during the first 72 h post-stroke were performed using centrifugation and flow cytometry techniques. We found a correlation between infarct growth and final infarct size with the amount of plasma CNS-ApBs detected in the first 72 h after stroke. In addition, patients with neurological worsening (progressive ischemic stroke) had higher plasma levels of CNS-ApBs at 24 h after symptom onset than those with a stable or improving course. Circulating CNS-ApB concentration was further associated with patients' functional prognosis. In conclusion, apoptosis may play an important role in the growth of the cerebral infarct area and plasma CNS-ApB quantification could be used as a predictive marker of penumbra death, neurological deterioration, and functional outcome in patients with ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Díaz-Maroto
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Albacete, Hermanos Falcó, 37, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Beatriz Castro-Robles
- Research Unit, General University Hospital of Albacete, Laurel, s/n, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Miguel Villar
- Department of Radiology, General University Hospital of Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jorge García-García
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Albacete, Hermanos Falcó, 37, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Óscar Ayo-Martín
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Albacete, Hermanos Falcó, 37, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Gemma Serrano-Heras
- Research Unit, General University Hospital of Albacete, Laurel, s/n, 02008, Albacete, Spain.
| | - Tomás Segura
- Department of Neurology, General University Hospital of Albacete, Hermanos Falcó, 37, 02008, Albacete, Spain.
- Instituto de Biomedicina (IB-UCLM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
53
|
Chi W, Huang Y, Li P, Wang X, Li J, Meng F. Morphine Induced Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke by Activating Autophagy Via mTOR-Independent Activation of the JNK1/2 Pathway. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2249-2270. [PMID: 38837092 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Morphine (Mor) has exhibited efficacy in safeguarding neurons against ischemic injuries by simulating ischemic/hypoxic preconditioning (I/HPC). Concurrently, autophagy plays a pivotal role in neuronal survival during IPC against ischemic stroke. However, the involvement of autophagy in Mor-induced neuroprotection and the potential mechanisms remain elusive. Our experiments further confirmed the effect of Mor in cellular and animal models of ischemic stroke and explored its potential mechanism. The findings revealed that Mor enhanced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner by augmenting autophagy levels and autophagic flux in neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Pretreatment of Mor improved neurological outcome and reduced infarct size in mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) at 1, 7 and 14 days. Moreover, the use of autophagy inhibitors nullified the protective effects of Mor, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, increased loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and neuronal apoptosis in OGD/R neurons. Results further demonstrated that Mor-induced autophagy activation was regulated by mTOR-independent activation of the c-Jun NH2- terminal kinase (JNK)1/2 Pathway, both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, these findings suggested Mor-induced neuroprotection by activating autophagy, which were regulated by JNK1/2 pathway in ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Yaru Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, PR China
| | - Junfa Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China.
- Department of Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Fanjun Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, 250013, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
54
|
Dingyi L, Libin H, Jifeng P, Ding Z, Yulong L, Zhangyi W, Yunong Y, Qinghua W, Feng L. Silencing CXCL16 alleviate neuroinflammation and M1 microglial polarization in mouse brain hemorrhage model and BV2 cell model through PI3K/AKT pathway. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:1917-1932. [PMID: 38896294 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06875-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and microglia polarization play pivotal roles in brain injury induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Despite the well-established involvement of CXC motif chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) in regulating inflammatory responses across various diseases, its specific functions in the context of neuroinflammation and microglial polarization following ICH remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the impact of CXCL16 on neuroinflammation and microglia polarization using both mouse and cell models. Our findings revealed elevated CXCL16 expression in mice following ICH and in BV2 cells after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Specific silencing of CXCL16 using siRNA led to a reduction in the expression of neuroinflammatory factors, including IL-1β and IL-6, as well as decreased expression of the M1 microglia marker iNOS. Simultaneously, it enhanced the expression of anti-inflammatory factors such as IL-10 and the M2 microglia marker Arg-1. These results were consistent across both mouse and cell models. Intriguingly, co-administration of the PI3K-specific agonist 740 Y-P with siRNA in LPS-stimulated cells reversed the effects of siRNA. In conclusion, silencing CXCL16 can positively alleviate neuroinflammation and M1 microglial polarization in BV2 inflammation models and ICH mice. Furthermore, in BV2 cells, this beneficial effect is mediated through the PI3K/Akt pathway. Inhibition of CXCL16 could be a novel approach for treating and diagnosing cerebral hemorrhage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lv Dingyi
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Libin
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Piao Jifeng
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiquan Ding
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yulong
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Zhangyi
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Yunong
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Qinghua
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Feng
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Tao X, Hu Y, Mao N, Shen M, Fang M, Zhang M, Lou J, Fang Y, Guo X, Lin Z. Echinatin alleviates inflammation and pyroptosis in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage by inhibiting TLR4/ NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 136:112372. [PMID: 38850784 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a primary cause of neonatal death and disabilities. The pathogenetic process of HIE is closely associated with neuroinflammation. Therefore, targeting and suppressing inflammatory pathways presents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HIE. Echinatin is an active component of glycyrrhiza, with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. It is commonly combined with other traditional Chinese herbs to exert heat-clearing and detoxifying effects. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of Echinatin in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, as well as in PC12 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). In vivo, Echinatin effectively reduced cerebral edema and infarct volume, protected brain tissue morphology, improved long-term behavioral functions, and inhibited microglia activation. These effects were accompanied by the downregulation of inflammatory factors and pyroptosis markers. The RNA sequencing analysis revealed an enrichment of inflammatory genes in rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, and Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB as the key regulators. In vitro, Echinatin reduced the levels of TLR4 relevant proteins, inhibited nuclear translocation of NF-κB, reduced the expression of downstreams inflammatory cytokines and pyroptosis proteins, and prevented cell membrane destructions. These findings demonstrated that Echinatin could inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, thereby alleviating neuroinflammation and pyroptosis. This suggests that Echinatin could be a potential candidate for the treatment of HIE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Tao
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Niping Mao
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Mingchu Fang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Jia Lou
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Basic Medical Research Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang,325027, China.
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Han Q, Yu Y, Liu X, Guo Y, Shi J, Xue Y, Li Y. The Role of Endothelial Cell Mitophagy in Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0788. [PMID: 39122456 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and mitochondrial autophagy impairment is considered a significant physiological change associated with aging. Endothelial cells play a crucial role in maintaining vascular homeostasis and function, participating in various physiological processes such as regulating vascular tone, coagulation, angiogenesis, and inflammatory responses. As aging progresses, mitochondrial autophagy impairment in endothelial cells worsens, leading to the development of numerous cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, regulating mitochondrial autophagy in endothelial cells is vital for preventing and treating age-related cardiovascular diseases. However, there is currently a lack of systematic reviews in this area. To address this gap, we have written this review to provide new research and therapeutic strategies for managing aging and age-related cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quancheng Han
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yiding Yu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiujuan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yonghong Guo
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jingle Shi
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yitao Xue
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Wei L, Yuan Y, Yang Z, Li Y, Wang T, Hu S, Cai B, Wang G. Ginsenoside Rb1 reduced ischemic stroke-induced apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated IRE1/TRAF2/JNK pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03292-4. [PMID: 39052059 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The neuroprotective function of ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was lately emphasized. However, whether GRb1 plays a regulatory role on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-associated pathway in cerebral I/R damage is still unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the function of GRb1 in cerebral ischemia-induced ER stress and the underlying mechanism related to IRE1/TRAF2/JNK pathway. Longa method, cerebral infarct volume, and HE staining were used to evaluate the efficacy of GRb1 in mice with a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion (MCAO/R). We also investigated the effect and mechanism of GRb1 against ischemic stroke using in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGD/R) model. We found that GRb1 could improve neurological scores, infarct volume, and histological injury in ischemic mice. Ischemic attack also activated neuronal apoptosis and ER stress, and this effect was attenuated by GRb1. In addition, GRb1 significantly reduced I/R-induced IRE1-TRAF2 interaction, IRE1, and JNK phosphorylation. The present study also confirmed that GRb1 significantly improved OGD/R-induced PC12 cells injury. GRb1 could decrease ER stress in OGD/R-injured PC12 cells, which was reflected by the decreased expression of GRP78 and CHOP. The ER stress inducer tunicamycin partially prevented the effects of GRb1 on cell viability, ER stress, and apoptosis after OGD/R, whereas the ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA exerted the opposite effect. Moreover, GRb1 markedly decreased IRE1-TRAF2 interaction, IRE1, and JNK phosphorylation in the presence of OGD/R insult. Furthermore, JNK inhibitor SP600125 and IRE1 inhibitor DBSA pretreatment further promoted the inhibition of GRb1 on ER stress induction and cell damage induced by OGD/R. Molecular docking further elucidated that the mechanism by which GRb1 improves cerebral ischemia maybe related to its direct binding to the kinase domain of IRE1, which in turn inhibited the phosphorylation of IRE1. Collectively, these results demonstrated that GRb1 reduced ischemic stroke-induced apoptosis through the ER stress-associated IRE1/TRAF2/JNK pathway and GRb1 has the potential as a protective drug for the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangli Wei
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yuqi Yuan
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Ziteng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Shenglin Hu
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Biao Cai
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Guangyun Wang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine (College of Life Science), Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Shi YW, Xu CC, Sun CY, Liu JX, Zhao SY, Liu D, Fan XJ, Wang CP. GM1 Ameliorates Neuronal Injury in Rats after Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion: Potential Contribution of Effects on SPTBN1-mediated Signaling. Neuroscience 2024; 551:103-118. [PMID: 38810691 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Monosialoganglioside GM1 (GM1) has long been used as a therapeutic agent for neurological diseases in the clinical treatment of ischemic stroke. However, the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective function of GM1 is still obscure until now. In this study, we investigated the effects of GM1 in ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) brain injury models. Middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats were treated with GM1 (60 mg·kg-1·d-1, tail vein injection) for 2 weeks. The results showed that GM1 substantially attenuated the MCAO/R-induced neurological dysfunction and inhibited the inflammatory responses and cell apoptosis in ischemic parietal cortex. We further revealed that GM1 inhibited the activation of NFκB/MAPK signaling pathway induced by MCAO/R injury. To explore its underlying mechanism of the neuroprotective effect, transcriptome sequencing was introduced to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). By function enrichment and PPI network analyses, Sptbn1 was identified as a node gene in the network regulated by GM1 treatment. In the MCAO/R model of rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) model of primary culture of rat cortical neurons, we first found that SPTBN1 was involved in the attenuation of I/R induced neuronal injury after GM1 administration. In SPTBN1-knockdown SH-SY5Y cells, the treatment with GM1 (20 μM) significantly increased SPTBN1 level. Moreover, OGD/R decreased SPTBN1 level in SPTBN1-overexpressed SH-SY5Y cells. These results indicated that GM1 might achieve its potent neuroprotective effects by regulating inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, and cytomembrane and cytoskeleton signals through SPTBN1. Therefore, SPTBN1 may be a potential target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Cheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yan Sun
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ji'nan 250104, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yong Zhao
- Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ji'nan 250104, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Liu
- School of Life Science, Nantong Laboratory of Development and Diseases, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing-Juan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Cai-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Song J, Zhou D, Cui L, Wu C, Jia L, Wang M, Li J, Ya J, Ji X, Meng R. Advancing stroke therapy: innovative approaches with stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:369. [PMID: 39039539 PMCID: PMC11265156 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01752-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability globally, with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) being the most common subtype. Despite significant advances in reperfusion therapies, their limited time window and associated risks underscore the necessity for novel treatment strategies. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach due to their ability to modulate the post-stroke microenvironment and facilitate neuroprotection and neurorestoration. This review synthesizes current research on the therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived EVs in AIS, focusing on their origin, biogenesis, mechanisms of action, and strategies for enhancing their targeting capacity and therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, we explore innovative combination therapies and discuss both the challenges and prospects of EV-based treatments. Our findings reveal that stem cell-derived EVs exhibit diverse therapeutic effects in AIS, such as promoting neuronal survival, diminishing neuroinflammation, protecting the blood-brain barrier, and enhancing angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Various strategies, including targeting modifications and cargo modifications, have been developed to improve the efficacy of EVs. Combining EVs with other treatments, such as reperfusion therapy, stem cell transplantation, nanomedicine, and gut microbiome modulation, holds great promise for improving stroke outcomes. However, challenges such as the heterogeneity of EVs and the need for standardized protocols for EV production and quality control remain to be addressed. Stem cell-derived EVs represent a novel therapeutic avenue for AIS, offering the potential to address the limitations of current treatments. Further research is needed to optimize EV-based therapies and translate their benefits to clinical practice, with an emphasis on ensuring safety, overcoming regulatory hurdles, and enhancing the specificity and efficacy of EV delivery to target tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Song
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Da Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chuanjie Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Lina Jia
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jingrun Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jingyuan Ya
- Academic Unit of Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England
| | - Xunming Ji
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ran Meng
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Center of Stroke, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100053, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Lee H, Lee J, Jung D, Oh H, Shin H, Choi B. Neuroprotection of Transcranial Cortical and Peripheral Somatosensory Electrical Stimulation by Modulating a Common Neuronal Death Pathway in Mice with Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7546. [PMID: 39062789 PMCID: PMC11277498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic electrical stimulation, such as transcranial cortical stimulation and peripheral somatosensory stimulation, is used to improve motor function in patients with stroke. We hypothesized that these stimulations exert neuroprotective effects during the subacute phase of ischemic stroke by regulating novel common signaling pathways. Male C57BL/6J mouse models of ischemic stroke were treated with high-definition (HD)-transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS; 20 Hz, 89.1 A/mm2), HD-transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS; intensity, 55 A/mm2; charge density, 66,000 C/m2), or electroacupuncture (EA, 2 Hz, 1 mA) in the early stages of stroke. The therapeutic effects were assessed using behavioral motor function tests. The underlying mechanisms were determined using transcriptomic and other biomedical analyses. All therapeutic electrical tools alleviated the motor dysfunction caused by ischemic stroke insults. We focused on electrically stimulating common genes involved in apoptosis and cell death using transcriptome analysis and chose 11 of the most potent targets (Trem2, S100a9, Lgals3, Tlr4, Myd88, NF-kB, STAT1, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and Iba1). Subsequent investigations revealed that electrical stimulation modulated inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and TNF-α, by regulating STAT1 and NF-kB activation, especially in amoeboid microglia; moreover, electrical stimulation enhanced neuronal survival by activating neurotrophic factors, including BDNF and FGF9. Therapeutic electrical stimulation applied to the transcranial cortical- or periphery-nerve level to promote functional recovery may improve neuroprotection by modulating a common neuronal death pathway and upregulating neurotrophic factors. Therefore, combining transcranial cortical and peripheral somatosensory stimulation may exert a synergistic neuroprotective effect, further enhancing the beneficial effects on motor deficits in patients with ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongju Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.); (D.J.); (H.O.); (H.S.)
| | - Juyeon Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.); (D.J.); (H.O.); (H.S.)
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahee Jung
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.); (D.J.); (H.O.); (H.S.)
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Harim Oh
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.); (D.J.); (H.O.); (H.S.)
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwakyoung Shin
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.); (D.J.); (H.O.); (H.S.)
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungtae Choi
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (J.L.); (D.J.); (H.O.); (H.S.)
- Graduate Training Program of Korean Medical Therapeutics for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
61
|
Liu H, Jiang M, Chen Z, Li C, Yin X, Zhang X, Wu M. The Role of the Complement System in Synaptic Pruning after Stroke. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0373. [PMID: 39012667 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a serious disease that can lead to local neurological dysfunction and cause great harm to the patient's health due to blood cerebral circulation disorder. Synaptic pruning is critical for the normal development of the human brain, which makes the synaptic circuit completer and more efficient by removing redundant synapses. The complement system is considered a key player in synaptic loss and cognitive impairment in neurodegenerative disease. After stroke, the complement system is over-activated, and complement proteins can be labeled on synapses. Microglia and astrocytes can recognize and engulf synapses through corresponding complement receptors. Complement-mediated excessive synaptic pruning can cause post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and secondary brain damage. This review summarizes the latest progress of complement-mediated synaptic pruning after stroke and the potential mechanisms. Targeting complement-mediated synaptic pruning may be essential for exploring therapeutic strategies for secondary brain injury (SBI) and neurological dysfunction after stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongying Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Zhiying Chen
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Xiaoping Yin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| | - Moxin Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332000, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, 332000, China
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Zhao L, Li Y, Wang W, Qi X, Wang S, Song W, Li T, Gao W. Regulating NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy for Therapeutic Intervention in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1806-1822. [PMID: 38713437 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke presents a global health challenge, necessitating an in-depth comprehension of its pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. While reperfusion therapy salvages brain tissue, it also triggers detrimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). In our investigation, we observed the activation of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy in an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model using HT22 cells (P < 0.05). This activation contributed to oxidative stress (P < 0.05), enhanced autophagy (P < 0.05) and cell death (P < 0.05) during CIRI. Silencing NCOA4 effectively mitigated OGD/R-induced damage (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that targeting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy held promise for preventing and treating CIRI. Subsequently, we substantiated the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway effectively regulated the NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy, by applying the cGAS inhibitor RU.521 and performing NCOA4 overexpression (P < 0.05). Suppressing the cGAS-STING pathway efficiently curtailed ferritinophagy (P < 0.05), oxidative stress (P < 0.05), and cell damage (P < 0.05) of CIRI, while NCOA4 overexpression could alleviate this effect (P < 0.05). Finally, we elucidated the specific molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) on CIRI. Our findings revealed that DFO alleviated hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in HT22 cells through inhibiting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and reducing ferrous ion levels (P < 0.05). However, the protective effects of DFO were counteracted by cGAS overexpression (P < 0.05). In summary, our results indicated that the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway intensified cerebral damage during CIRI by inducing NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy. Administering the iron chelator DFO effectively attenuated NCOA4-induced ferritinophagy, thereby alleviating CIRI. Nevertheless, the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in CIRI regulation likely involves intricate mechanisms, necessitating further validation in subsequent investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xue Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wenqin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Skin Medical Cosmetology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Wenwei Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Li Y, Tu H, Zhang S, Ding Z, Wu G, Piao J, Lv D, Hu L, Li F, Wang Q. P2Y6 Receptor Activation Aggravates NLRP3-dependent Microglial Pyroptosis via Downregulation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway in a Mouse Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4259-4277. [PMID: 38079109 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03834-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory signals generated after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) trigger a form of regulated cell death known as pyroptosis in microglia. White matter injury (WMI) refers to the condition where the white matter area of the brain suffers from mechanical, ischemic, metabolic, or inflammatory damage. Although the p2Y purinoceptor 6 (P2Y6R) plays a significant role in the control of inflammatory reactions in central nervous system diseases, its roles in the development of microglial pyroptosis and WMI following ICH remain unclear. In this study, we sought to clarify the role of P2Y6R in microglial pyroptosis and WMI by using an experimental mouse model of ICH. Type IV collagenase was injected into male C57BL/6 mice to induce ICH. Mice were then treated with MRS2578 and LY294002 to inhibit P2Y6R and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), respectively. Bio-conductivity analysis was performed to examine PI3K/AKT pathway involvement in microglial pyroptosis. Quantitative Real-Time PCR, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot were conducted to examine microglial pyroptosis and WMI following ICH. A modified Garcia test, corner turning test, and forelimb placement test were used to assess neurobehavior. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was performed to detect cells damage around hematoma. Increases in the expression of P2Y6R, NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, and GSDMD were observed after ICH. P2Y6R was only expressed on microglia. MRS2578, a specific inhibitor of P2Y6R, attenuated short-term neurobehavioral deficits, brain edema and hematoma volume while improving both microglial pyroptosis and WMI. These changes were accompanied by decreases in pyroptosis-related proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines both in vivo and vitro. Bioinformatic analysis revealed an association between the PI3K/AKT pathway and P2Y6R-mediated microglial pyroptosis. The effects of MRS2578 were partially reversed by treatment with LY294002, a specific PI3K inhibitor. P2Y6R inhibition alleviates microglial pyroptosis and WMI and ameliorates neurological deficits through the PI3K/AKT pathway after ICH. Consequently, targeting P2Y6R might be a promising approach for ICH treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Li
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiru Tu
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfan Zhang
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiquan Ding
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiwei Wu
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifeng Piao
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Dingyi Lv
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Libin Hu
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Neurosurgery Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
64
|
Wu X, Li C, Ke C, Huang C, Pan B, Wan C. The activation of AMPK/PGC-1α/GLUT4 signaling pathway through early exercise improves mitochondrial function and mitigates ischemic brain damage. Neuroreport 2024; 35:648-656. [PMID: 38813901 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining cellular energy supply and serve as a source of energy for repairing nerve damage following a stroke. Given that exercise has the potential to enhance energy metabolism, investigating the impact of exercise on mitochondrial function provides a plausible mechanism for stroke treatment. In our study, we established the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in Sprague-Dawley rats and implemented early exercise intervention. Neurological severity scores, beam-walking test score, and weight were used to evaluate neurological function. The volume of cerebral infarction was measured by MRI. Nerve cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. Mitochondrial morphology and structure were detected by mitochondrial electron microscopy. Mitochondrial function was assessed using membrane potential and ATP measurements. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of AMPK/PGC-1α/GLUT4. Through the above experiments, we found that early exercise improved neurological function in rats after MCAO, reduced cerebral infarction volume and neuronal apoptosis, promoted the recovery of mitochondrial morphology and function. We further examined the protein expression of AMPK/PGC-1α/GLUT4 signaling pathway and confirmed that early exercise was able to increase its expression. Therefore, we suggest that early exercise initiated the AMPK/PGC-1α/GLUT4 signaling pathway, restoring mitochondrial function and augmenting energy supply. This, in turn, effectively improved both nerve and body function in rats following ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Changkai Ke
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Chuan Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Bingchen Pan
- Institute of Medical technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunxiao Wan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Wang Q, Yang F, Duo K, Liu Y, Yu J, Wu Q, Cai Z. The Role of Necroptosis in Cerebral Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3882-3898. [PMID: 38038880 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia, also known as ischemic stroke, accounts for nearly 85% of all strokes and is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Due to disrupted blood supply to the brain, cerebral ischemic injury is trigged by a series of complex pathophysiological events including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death. Currently, there are few treatments for cerebral ischemia owing to an incomplete understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms. Accumulated evidence indicates that various types of programmed cell death contribute to cerebral ischemic injury, including apoptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis. Among these, necroptosis is morphologically similar to necrosis and is mediated by receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase-1 and -3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein. Necroptosis inhibitors have been shown to exert inhibitory effects on cerebral ischemic injury and neuroinflammation. In this review, we will discuss the current research progress regarding necroptosis in cerebral ischemia as well as the application of necroptosis inhibitors for potential therapeutic intervention in ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Fan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Kun Duo
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yue Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Jianqiang Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Qihui Wu
- Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China.
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of MedicineTongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Zhou S, Wang Z, Wang T, Peng C, Zhang J, Liu C, Xu J, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Luo L, Yan X. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. processed with porcine cardiac blood inhibited GLRX5-mediated ferroptosis alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155622. [PMID: 38677272 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is a destructive adverse reaction of ischemic stroke, leading to high disability and mortality rates. Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. (Danshen, DS) processed with porcine cardiac blood (PCB-DS), a characteristic processed product, has promising anti-ischemic effects. However, the underlying mechanism of PCB-DS against CIRI remains unclear. PURPOSE Ferroptosis is demonstrated to be involved in CIRI. The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism underlying PCB-DS inhibited GLRX5-mediated ferroptosis alleviating CIRI, which was different from DS. METHODS Quality evaluation of PCB-DS and DS was conducted by UPLC. Pharmacological activities of PCB-DS and DS against CIRI were compared using neurobehavioral scores, infarct volume, proinflammatory factors, and pathological examinations. Proteomics was employed to explore the potential specific mechanism of PCB-DS against CIRI, which was different from DS. Based on the differential protein GLRX5, ferroptosis-related iron, GSH, MDA, SOD, ROS, liperfluo, and mitochondrial morphology were analyzed. Then, the proteins of GLRX5-mediated iron-starvation response and SLC7A11/GPX4 were analyzed. Finally, OGD/R-induced SH-SY5Y cells upon GLRX5 silencing were constructed to demonstrate that PCB-DS improved CIRI by GLRX5-mediated ferroptosis. RESULTS PCB-DS better alleviated CIRI through decreasing neurological score, reducing the infarct volume, and suppressing the release of inflammatory cytokines than DS. Proteomics suggested that PCB-DS may ameliorate CIRI by inhibiting GLRX5-mediated ferroptosis, which was different from DS. PCB-DS reversed the abnormal mitochondrial morphology, iron, GSH, MDA, SOD, ROS, and liperfluo to inhibit ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo. PCB-DS directly activated GLRX5 suppressing the iron-starvation response and downregulated the SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway to inhibit ferroptosis. Finally, silencing GLRX5 activated the iron-starvation response in SH-SY5Y cells and PCB-DS unimproved OGD/R injury upon GLRX5 silencing. CONCLUSION Different from DS, PCB-DS suppressed ferroptosis to alleviate CIRI through inhibiting GLRX5-mediated iron-starvation response. These findings give a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of PCB-DS against CIRI and provide evidence to assess the product in clinical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shikang Zhou
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicinal Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Chunhua Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinyun Zhang
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicinal Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, PR China
| | - Chanming Liu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicinal Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, PR China
| | - Jianda Xu
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicinal Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.138, Xianlin Road, Qixia District, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Libo Luo
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicinal Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Human Use Experience Research & Transformation of Menghe Medical Sect, Changzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicinal Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 25 Heping North Road, Tianning District, Changzhou 213003, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
67
|
Wang H, Wang Z, Gao Y, Wang J, Yuan Y, Zhang C, Zhang X. STZ-induced diabetes exacerbates neurons ferroptosis after ischemic stroke by upregulating LCN2 in neutrophils. Exp Neurol 2024; 377:114797. [PMID: 38670252 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic is a major contributor to the unfavorable prognosis of ischemic stroke. However, intensive hypoglycemic strategies do not improve stroke outcomes, implying that diabetes may affect stroke outcomes through other ways. Ferroptosis is a novel programmed cell death pathway associated with the development of diabetes and ischemic stroke. This study aimed to investigate the effect of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes on ferroptosis after stroke from the immune cell perspective, and to provide a theoretical foundation for the clinical management of ischemic stroke in patients with diabetes. The results revealed that STZ-induced diabetes not only facilitates the infiltration of neutrophils into the brain after stroke, but also upregulates the expression of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) in neutrophils. LCN2 promotes lipid peroxide accumulation by increasing intracellular ferrous ions, which intensify ferroptosis in major brain cell populations, especially neurons. Our findings suggest that STZ-induced diabetes aggravates ischemic stroke partially by mediating ferroptosis through neutrophil-derived LCN2. These data contribute to improved understanding of post-stroke immune regulation in diabetes, and offer a potentially novel therapeutic target for the management of acute-stage ischemic stroke complicated with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Yuxiao Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Yujia Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Xiangjian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Shi CL, Han XL, Chen JC, Pan QF, Gao YC, Guo PY, Min XL, Gao YJ. Single-nucleus transcriptome unveils the role of ferroptosis in ischemic stroke. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32727. [PMID: 38994078 PMCID: PMC11237950 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple cell death pathways are involved in neuronal death in ischemic stroke (IS). However, the role of different cell death pathways in different cell types has not been elucidated. By analyzing three single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) data of IS, we first found that a variety of programmed cell death (PCD) -related genes were significantly changed in different cell types. Based on machine learning and virtual gene knockout, we found that ferroptosis related genes, ferritin heavy chain 1 (Fth1) and ferritin light chain (Ftl1), play a key role in IS. Ftl1 and Fth1 can promote microglia activation, as well as the production of inflammatory factors and chemokines. Cell communication analysis showed that activated microglia could enhance chemotactic peripheral leukocyte infiltration, such as macrophages and neutrophils, through Spp1-Cd44 and App-Cd74 signaling, thereby aggravating brain tissue damage. Furthermore, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) showed that P2ry12 and Mef2c were significantly decreased in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) group, while Ftl1, Fth1, Apoe, Ctsb, Cd44 and Cd74 were significantly increased in OGD group. Collectively, our findings suggested targeted therapy against microglia Ftl1 and Fth1 might improve the state of microglia, reduce the infiltration of peripheral immune cells and tissue inflammation, and then improve the ischemic brain injury in mouse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xiu-Li Han
- Department of Stomatology, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, 650100, China
| | - Jing-Ce Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650100, China
| | - Qian-Fan Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yong-Chao Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Peng-Yan Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Xiao-Li Min
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yong-Jun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, China
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Xi ZC, Ren HG, Ai L, Wang Y, Liu MF, Qiu YF, Feng JL, Fu W, Bi QQ, Wang F, Xu HX. Ginsenoside Rg1 mitigates cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury in mice by inhibiting autophagy through activation of mTOR signalling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01334-4. [PMID: 38937576 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01334-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion injury, which is distinct from ischaemic injury, occurs when blood flow is restored in previously ischaemic brain tissue, further compromising neurons and other cells and worsening the injury. There is currently a lack of pharmaceutical agents and therapeutic interventions that specifically mitigate cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), a protopanaxatriol-type saponin isolated from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, has been found to protect against cerebral I/R injury, but its intricate protective mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Numerous studies have shown that autophagy plays a crucial role in protecting brain tissue during the I/R process and is emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy for effective treatment. In this study, we investigated whether Rg1 protected against I/R damage in vitro and in vivo by regulating autophagy. Both MCAO and OGD/R models were established. SK-N-AS and SH-SY5Y cells were subjected to OGD followed by reperfusion with Rg1 (4-32 μM). MCAO mice were injected with Rg1 (30 mg·kg-1·d-1. i.p.) for 3 days before and on the day of surgery. Rg1 treatment significantly mitigated ischaemia/reperfusion injury both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the induction of autophagy contributed to I/R injury, which was effectively inhibited by Rg1 in both in vitro and in vivo models of cerebral I/R injury. Rg1 inhibited autophagy through multiple steps, including impeding autophagy initiation, inducing lysosomal dysfunction and inhibiting cathepsin enzyme activities. We revealed that mTOR activation was pivotal in mediating the inhibitory effect of Rg1 on autophagy. Treatment with Torin-1, an autophagy inducer and mTOR-specific inhibitor, significantly reversed the impact of Rg1 on autophagy, decreasing its protective efficacy against I/R injury both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our results suggest that Rg1 may serve as a promising drug candidate against cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting autophagy through activation of mTOR signalling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Han-Gui Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lin Ai
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Meng-Fan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu-Fei Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Ji-Ling Feng
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wang Fu
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Qian-Qian Bi
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China.
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
70
|
Wei L, Chen S, Deng X, Liu Y, Wang H, Gao X, Huang Y. Metabolomic discoveries for early diagnosis and traditional Chinese medicine efficacy in ischemic stroke. Biomark Res 2024; 12:63. [PMID: 38902829 PMCID: PMC11188286 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00608-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS), a devastating cerebrovascular accident, presents with high mortality and morbidity. Following IS onset, a cascade of pathological changes, including excitotoxicity, inflammatory damage, and blood-brain barrier disruption, significantly impacts prognosis. However, current clinical practices struggle with early diagnosis and identifying these alterations. Metabolomics, a powerful tool in systems biology, offers a promising avenue for uncovering early diagnostic biomarkers for IS. By analyzing dynamic metabolic profiles, metabolomics can not only aid in identifying early IS biomarkers but also evaluate Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) efficacy and explore its mechanisms of action in IS treatment. Animal studies demonstrate that TCM interventions modulate specific metabolite levels, potentially reflecting their therapeutic effects. Identifying relevant metabolites in cerebral ischemia patients holds immense potential for early diagnosis and improved outcomes. This review focuses on recent metabolomic discoveries of potential early diagnostic biomarkers for IS. We explore variations in metabolites observed across different ages, genders, disease severity, and stages. Additionally, the review examines how specific TCM extracts influence IS development through metabolic changes, potentially revealing their mechanisms of action. Finally, we emphasize the importance of integrating metabolomics with other omics approaches for a comprehensive understanding of IS pathophysiology and TCM efficacy, paving the way for precision medicine in IS management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhe Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Xinpeng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Yuchun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315010, China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315010, China.
| |
Collapse
|
71
|
Cun Y, Guo C, Jin Y, Zhou L, Zhang C, Chen N, Peng Y, Zhang P, Guo Y. Breviscapine ameliorates autophagy by activating the JAK2/STAT5/BCL2 pathway in a transient cerebral ischemia rat model. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024; 83:615-625. [PMID: 38804899 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Breviscapine (Bre), an extract from Erigeron breviscapus, has been widely used to treat cerebral ischemia but the mechanisms of its neuroprotective effects need to be clarified. The present study investigated whether Bre could alleviate excessive autophagy induced by cerebral ischemia in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) ischemia model via activating the Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5)/B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) pathway. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, i.e. Sham group, MCAO+saline group, MCAO+Bre group, MCAO+DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide) group, and MCAO+Bre+AG490 (Tyrphostin AG490, the inhibitor of STAT5) group. The model was established and neuroprotection was evaluated by determining infarct volumes and conducting neurological behavioral tests. Autophagy levels in the infarct penumbra were detected using transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting. The expression of proteins in the JAK2/STAT5/BCL2 pathway was tested by Western blotting. Compared to the MCAO+saline group, the infarct volumes in the MCAO+Bre group were significantly reduced and neurological behavior improved. Breviscapine administration also significantly increased p-JAK2, p-STAT5, and BCL2 expression but decreased autolysosome numbers; it also downregulated Beclin-1 expression and the LC3II/LCI ratio. The JAK2 inhibitor AG490 reversed these effects. These findings indicate that breviscapine can improve neural recovery following ischemia through alleviating excessive autophagy and activation of the JAK2/STAT5/BCL2 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongdan Cun
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Yunnan College of Business Management, Kunming, China
| | - Cunxiao Guo
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yaju Jin
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Chengcai Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Na Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yicheng Peng
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yiting Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The 920th Hospital of the PLA Joint Service Support Force, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Rahi V, Kaundal RK. Exploring the intricacies of calcium dysregulation in ischemic stroke: Insights into neuronal cell death and therapeutic strategies. Life Sci 2024; 347:122651. [PMID: 38642844 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) dysregulation is one of the main causes of neuronal cell death and brain damage after cerebral ischemia. During ischemic stroke, the ability of neurons to maintain Ca2+ homeostasis is compromised. Ca2+ regulates various functions of the nervous system, including neuronal activity and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Disruptions in Ca2+ homeostasis can trigger a cascade of events, including activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, which is associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. This response occurs when the cell is unable to manage protein folding within the ER due to various stressors, such as a high influx of Ca2+. Consequently, the UPR is initiated to restore ER function and alleviate stress, but prolonged activation can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and, ultimately, cell death. Hence, precise regulation of Ca2+ within the cell is mandatory. The ER and mitochondria are two such organelles that maintain intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis through various calcium-operating channels, including ryanodine receptors (RyRs), inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPases (SERCAs), the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX), the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs). These channels utilize Ca2+ sequestering and release mechanisms to maintain intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and ensure proper cellular function and survival. The present review critically evaluates the significance of Ca2+ and its physiological role in cerebral ischemia. We have compiled recent findings on calcium's role and emerging treatment strategies, particularly targeting mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum, to address Ca2+ overload in cerebral ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Rahi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow 226 002, India
| | - Ravinder K Kaundal
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli, Lucknow 226 002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
73
|
Bao L, Liu Y, Jia Q, Chu S, Jiang H, He S. Argon neuroprotection in ischemic stroke and its underlying mechanism. Brain Res Bull 2024; 212:110964. [PMID: 38670471 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS), primarily caused by cerebrovascular obstruction, results in severe neurological deficits and has emerged as a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Recently, there has been increasing exploration of the neuroprotective properties of the inert gas argon. Argon has exhibited impressive neuroprotection in many in vivo and ex vivo experiments without signs of adverse effects, coupled with the advantages of being inexpensive and easily available. However, the efficient administration strategy and underlying mechanisms of neuroprotection by argon in IS are still unclear. This review summarizes current research on the neuroprotective effects of argon in IS with the goal to provide effective guidance for argon application and to elucidate the potential mechanisms of argon neuroprotection. Early and appropriate argon administration at as high a concentration as possible offers favorable neuroprotection in IS. Argon inhalation has been shown to provide some long-term protection benefits. Argon provides the anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic cytoprotective effects mainly around Toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4), mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-ĸB) and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). Therefore, argon holds significant promise as a novel clinical neuroprotective gas agent for ischemic stroke after further researches to identify the optimal application strategy and elucidate the underlying mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Bao
- Department of Stroke Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China; Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Liu
- Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Jia
- Department of Stroke Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China; Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihao Chu
- Department of Stroke Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China; Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Jiang
- Department of Stroke Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China; Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang He
- Department of Stroke Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Qin J, Chen K, Wang X, He S, Chen J, Zhu Q, He Z, Lv P, Chen K. Investigating the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Total Flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Leaves for Ischemic Stroke Protection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6271. [PMID: 38892459 PMCID: PMC11172844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore how the total flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides leaves (EULs) regulate ischemia-induced nerve damage, as well as the protective effects mediated by oxidative stress. The cell survival rate was significantly improved compared to the ischemic group (p < 0.05) after treatment with the total flavonoids of EULs. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased, while catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) increased, indicating that the total flavonoids of EULs can significantly alleviate neurological damage caused by ischemic stroke by inhibiting oxidative stress (p < 0.01). The mRNA expression level of VEGF increased (p < 0.01), which was consistent with the protein expression results. Meanwhile, the protein expression of ERK and CCND1 increased (p < 0.01), suggesting that the total flavonoids of EULs could protect PC12 cells from ischemic injury via VEGF-related pathways. MCAO rat models indicated that the total flavonoids of EULs could reduce brain ischemia-reperfusion injury. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential mechanisms of the total flavonoids of EULs in treating ischemic stroke and their potential therapeutic effects in reducing ischemic injury, which provides useful information for ischemic stroke drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qin
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Q.); (K.C.); (X.W.); (S.H.); (J.C.); (Q.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Kewei Chen
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Q.); (K.C.); (X.W.); (S.H.); (J.C.); (Q.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Q.); (K.C.); (X.W.); (S.H.); (J.C.); (Q.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Sirong He
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Q.); (K.C.); (X.W.); (S.H.); (J.C.); (Q.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Q.); (K.C.); (X.W.); (S.H.); (J.C.); (Q.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Qianlin Zhu
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Q.); (K.C.); (X.W.); (S.H.); (J.C.); (Q.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Zhizhou He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pengcheng Lv
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Q.); (K.C.); (X.W.); (S.H.); (J.C.); (Q.Z.); (K.C.)
| | - Kun Chen
- The Joint Research Center of Guangzhou University and Keele University for Gene Interference and Application, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (J.Q.); (K.C.); (X.W.); (S.H.); (J.C.); (Q.Z.); (K.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
75
|
Ersoy B, Herzog ML, Pan W, Schilling S, Endres M, Göttert R, Kronenberg GD, Gertz K. The atypical antidepressant tianeptine confers neuroprotection against oxygen-glucose deprivation. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:777-791. [PMID: 37653354 PMCID: PMC11127858 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Proregenerative and neuroprotective effects of antidepressants are an important topic of inquiry in neuropsychiatric research. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) mimics key aspects of ischemic injury in vitro. Here, we studied the effects of 24-h pretreatment with serotonin (5-HT), citalopram (CIT), fluoxetine (FLU), and tianeptine (TIA) on primary mouse cortical neurons subjected to transient OGD. 5-HT (50 μM) significantly enhanced neuron viability as measured by MTT assay and reduced cell death and LDH release. CIT (10 μM) and FLU (1 μM) did not increase the effects of 5-HT and neither antidepressant conferred neuroprotection in the absence of supplemental 5-HT in serum-free cell culture medium. By contrast, pre-treatment with TIA (10 μM) resulted in robust neuroprotection, even in the absence of 5-HT. Furthermore, TIA inhibited mRNA transcription of candidate genes related to cell death and hypoxia and attenuated lipid peroxidation, a hallmark of neuronal injury. Finally, deep RNA sequencing of primary neurons subjected to OGD demonstrated that OGD induces many pathways relating to cell survival, the inflammation-immune response, synaptic dysregulation and apoptosis, and that TIA pretreatment counteracted these effects of OGD. In conclusion, this study highlights the comparative strength of the 5-HT independent neuroprotective effects of TIA and identifies the molecular pathways involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ersoy
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie-Louise Herzog
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wen Pan
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Schilling
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Endres
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZNE (German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
- DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ria Göttert
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany
| | - Golo D Kronenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zürich, Lenggstrasse 31, P.O. Box 363, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karen Gertz
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site, Berlin, Germany.
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Huang Y, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Peng Y, Xu R, Luan Y, Bie X, Jia J, Zhang C, Han T, Zhou B, Li Z, Zheng H, Yang D, He Y. ARMC10 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and affects mitochondrial function via the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway involved in ischaemic stroke. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18449. [PMID: 38924214 PMCID: PMC11196997 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics has emerged as an important target for neuronal protection after cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which ARMC10 regulation of mitochondrial dynamics affects mitochondrial function involved in ischaemic stroke (IS). Mitochondrial morphology was detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), and mitochondrial ultrastructural alterations were detected by electron microscopy. The expression of mitochondrial dynamics-related genes Drp1, Mfn1, Mfn2, Fis1, OPA1 and ARMC10 and downstream target genes c-Myc, CyclinD1 and AXIN2 was detected by RT-qPCR. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of β-catenin, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, Bcl-2 and Bax. DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was to detect the effect of ARMC10 on mitochondrial ROS level, Annexin V-FITC fluorescent probe was to detect the effect of ARMC10 on apoptosis, and ATP assay kit was to detect the effect of ARMC10 on ATP production. Mitochondrial dynamics was dysregulated in clinical IS samples and in the OGD/R cell model, and the relative expression of ARMC10 gene was significantly decreased in IS group (p < 0.05). Knockdown and overexpression of ARMC10 could affect mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial function and neuronal apoptosis. Agonist and inhibitor affected mitochondrial function and neuronal apoptosis by targeting Wnt/β-Catenin signal pathway. In the OGD/R model, ARMC10 affected mitochondrial function and neuronal apoptosis through the mechanism that regulates Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. ARMC10 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and protects mitochondrial function by activating Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, to exert neuroprotective effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhaojing Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yatian Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yue Peng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Ruochen Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Yingying Luan
- Reproduction CenterThe Third Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Xiaoshuai Bie
- Clinical Laboratory CenterQingyuan Maternal and Child Health HospitalQingyuanChina
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Tianyi Han
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Baixue Zhou
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Zhihao Li
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Dongzhi Yang
- School of Life SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Ying He
- Department of Medical Genetics and Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Zhou T, Zhang L, He L, Lan Y, Ding L, Li L, Wang Z. GSK-126 Attenuates Cell Apoptosis in Ischemic Brain Injury by Modulating the EZH2-H3K27me3-Bcl2l1 Axis. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3369-3383. [PMID: 37989985 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Whether epigenetic modifications participate in the cell apoptosis after ischemic stroke remains unclear. Histone 3 tri-methylation at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) is a histone modification that leads to gene silencing and is involved in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. Since the expression of many antiapoptotic genes is inhibited in the ischemic brains, here we aimed to offer an epigenetic solution to cell apoptosis after stroke by reversing H3K27me3 levels after ischemia. GSK-126, a specific inhibitor of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), significantly decreased H3K27me3 levels and inhibited middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) induced and oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, GSK-126 attenuated the apoptosis caused by oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and excessive inflammatory responses in vitro. The role of H3K27me3 in regulating of the expression of the antiapoptotic molecule B cell lymphoma-2 like 1 (Bcl2l1) explained the antiapoptotic effect of GSK-126. In conclusion, we found that GSK-126 could effectively protect brain cells from apoptosis after cerebral ischemia, and this role of GSK-126 is closely related to an axis that regulates Bcl2l1 expression, beginning with the regulation of EZH2-dependent H3K27me3 modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tai Zhou
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| | - Zhongcheng Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Zeki NM, Mustafa YF. Natural linear coumarin-heterocyclic conjugates: A review of their roles in phytotherapy. Fitoterapia 2024; 175:105929. [PMID: 38548026 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Heterocycle conjugates provide a fresh investigative scope to find novel molecules with enhanced phytotherapeutic characteristics. Coumarin-based products are widely used in the synthesis of several compounds with biological and medicinal properties since they are naturally occurring heterocycles with a broad dispersion. The investigation of coumarin-based phytochemicals with annulated heterocyclic rings is a promising approach to discovering novel conjugates with significant phytotherapeutic attributes. Due to the applicable coumarin extraction processes, a range of linear coumarin-heterocyclic conjugates were isolated from different natural resources and exhibited remarkable therapeutic efficacy. This review highlights the phytotherapeutic potential and origins of various natural linear coumarin-heterocyclic conjugates. We searched several databases, including Science Direct, Web of Science, Springer, Google Scholar, and PubMed. After sieving, we ultimately identified and included 118 pertinent studies published between 2000 and the middle of 2023. This will inspire medicinal chemists with extremely insightful ideas for designing and synthesizing therapeutically active lead compounds in the future that are built on the pharmacophores of coumarin-heterocyclic conjugates and have significant therapeutic attributes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nameer Mazin Zeki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Ninevah University, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Li Z, Gao T, Wang J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Yang P, Liu J. Ferroptosis mediated by TNFSF9 interferes in acute ischaemic stroke reperfusion injury with the progression of acute ischaemic stroke. J Neurochem 2024; 168:1030-1044. [PMID: 38344886 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential involvement of TNFSF9 in reperfusion injury associated with ferroptosis in acute ischaemic stroke patients, mouse models and BV2 microglia. We first examined TNFSF9 changes in peripheral blood from stroke patients with successful reperfusion, and constructed oxygen-glucose deprivation-reperfusion (OGD-R) on BV2 microglia, oxygen-glucose deprivation for 6 h followed by reoxygenation and re-glucose for 24 h, and appropriate over-expression or knockdown of TNFSF9 manipulation on BV2 cells and found that in the case of BV2 cells encountering OGD-R over-expression of TNFSF9 resulted in increased BV2 apoptosis. Still, the knockdown of TNFSF9 ameliorated apoptosis and ferroptosis. In an in vivo experiment, we constructed TNFSF9 over-expression or knockout mice by intracerebral injection of TNFSF9-OE or sh-TNFSF9 adenovirus. We performed the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model on day four, 24 h after ligation of the proximal artery, for half an hour to recanalize. As luck would have it, over-expression of TNFSF9 resulted in increased brain infarct volumes, neurological function scores and abnormalities in TNFSF9-related TRAF1 and ferroptosis-related pathways, but knockdown of TNFSF9 improved brain infarcts in mice as well as reversing TNFSF9-related signalling pathways. In conclusion, our data provide the first evidence that TNFSF9 triggers microglia activation by activating the ferroptosis signalling pathway following ischaemic stroke, leading to brain injury and neurological deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zifu Li
- Neurovascular center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Tianxiang Gao
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Neurovascular center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- Neurovascular center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- Neurovascular center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Neurovascular center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Yang
- Neurovascular center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Liu
- Neurovascular center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
80
|
Wu X, Jiang Z, Xu D, Zhang R, Li H. Pre-thrombolysis serum sodium concentration is associated with post-thrombolysis symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in ischemic stroke patients. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1341522. [PMID: 38882691 PMCID: PMC11178046 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1341522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) was the most serious complication associated with alteplase intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. However, the relationship between serum sodium levels and post-thrombolysis symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between pre-thrombolysis serum sodium levels and sICH after IVT, as well as to explore the optimal pre-thrombolysis serum sodium levels for lowering the risk of sICH following IVT. Methods From July 1, 2017 to April 30, 2023, out-of-hospital AIS patients who received IVT in the emergency department were enrolled in this study. Serum sodium levels were measured at admission prior to IVT, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores were continuously assessed during and after thrombolysis. Routine follow-up neuroimaging was performed between 22 to 36 h after IVT. Initially, three logistic regression models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were established to investigate the relationship between serum sodium levels and post-thrombolysis sICH. Furthermore, to evaluate the predictive value of serum sodium for post-thrombolysis sICH, we compared area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and net reclassification improvement (NRI) before and after incorporating serum sodium into traditional models. Finally, subgroup analysis was conducted to explore interactions between serum sodium levels and other variables. Results A total of 784 AIS patients who underwent IVT were enrolled, among whom 47 (6.0%) experienced sICH. The median serum sodium concentration for all patients was 139.10 [interquartile ranges (IQR): 137.40-141.00] mmol/L. Patients who developed sICH had lower serum sodium levels than those without sICH [138.20(IQR:136.00-140.20) vs. 139.20(IQR:137.40-141.00), p = 0.031]. Logistic regression analysis (model 3) revealed a 14% reduction in the risk of post-thrombolysis sICH for every 1 mmol/L increase in serum sodium levels after adjusting for confounding variables (p < 0.001). The risk of post-thrombolysis sICH was minimized within the serum sodium range of 139.1-140.9 mmol/L compared to serum sodium concentration below 137.0 mmol/L [odds ratio (OR) = 0.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13-0.81] in model3. Furthermore, there was a significant trend of decreasing risk for sICH as serum sodium concentrations increased across the four quartiles (P for trend = 0.036). The RCS analysis indicated a statistically significant reduction in the risk of sICH as serum sodium levels increased when the concentration was below 139.1 mmol/L. Incorporating serum sodium into traditional models improved their predictive performance, resulting in higher AUROC and NRI values. Subgroup analysis suggested that early infarct signs (EIS) appeared to moderate the relationship between serum sodium and sICH (p < 0.05). Conclusion Lower serum sodium levels were identified as independent risk factors for post-thrombolysis sICH. Maintaining pre-thrombolysis serum sodium concentrations above 139.1 mmol/L may help reduce the risk of post-thrombolysis sICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Dongjuan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Rufang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| | - Hongfei Li
- Department of Neurology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Dongyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Li L, Shi C, Dong F, Xu G, Lei M, Zhang F. Targeting pyroptosis to treat ischemic stroke: From molecular pathways to treatment strategy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112168. [PMID: 38688133 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the primary reason for human disability and death, but the available treatment options are limited. Hence, it is imperative to explore novel and efficient therapies. In recent years, pyroptosis (a pro-inflammatory cell death characterized by inflammation) has emerged as an important pathological mechanism in ischemic stroke that can cause cell death through plasma membrane rupture and release of inflammatory cytokines. Pyroptosis is closely associated with inflammation, which exacerbates the inflammatory response in ischemic stroke. The level of inflammasomes, GSDMD, Caspases, and inflammatory factors is increased after ischemic stroke, exacerbating brain injury by mediating pyroptosis. Hence, inhibition of pyroptosis can be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between pyroptosis and ischemic stroke, as well as a series of treatments to attenuate pyroptosis, intending to provide insights for new therapeutic targets on ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Chonglin Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Fang Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Guangyu Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Mingcheng Lei
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
82
|
Wang C, Xiong ZM, Cong YQ, Li ZY, Xie Y, Wang YX, Zhou HM, Yang YF, Liu JJ, Wu HZ. Revealing the pharmacological mechanisms of nao-an dropping pill in preventing and treating ischemic stroke via the PI3K/Akt/eNOS and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11240. [PMID: 38755191 PMCID: PMC11099061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61770-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Nao-an Dropping Pill (NADP) is a Chinese patent medicine which commonly used in clinic for ischemic stroke (IS). However, the material basis and mechanism of its prevention or treatment of IS are unclear, then we carried out this study. 52 incoming blood components were resolved by UHPLC-MS/MS from rat serum, including 45 prototype components. The potential active prototype components hydroxysafflor yellow A, ginsenoside F1, quercetin, ferulic acid and caffeic acid screened by network pharmacology showed strongly binding ability with PIK3CA, AKT1, NOS3, NFE2L2 and HMOX1 by molecular docking. In vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) experimental results showed that NADP protected HA1800 cells from OGD/R-induced apoptosis by affecting the release of LDH, production of NO, and content of SOD and MDA. Meanwhile, NADP could improve behavioral of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) rats, reduce ischemic area of cerebral cortex, decrease brain water and glutamate (Glu) content, and improve oxidative stress response. Immunohistochemical results showed that NADP significantly regulated the expression of PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, eNOS, p-eNOS, Nrf2 and HO-1 in cerebral ischemic tissues. The results suggested that NADP protects brain tissues and ameliorates oxidative stress damage to brain tissues from IS by regulating PI3K/Akt/eNOS and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhe-Ming Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - You-Quan Cong
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Zi-Yao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yi Xie
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Ying-Xiao Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Hui-Min Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yan-Fang Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Modern Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Leiyunshang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - He-Zhen Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Chemistry of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430065, China.
- Modern Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Medicine of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
83
|
Chen M, Qin Y, Peng Y, Mai R, Teng H, Qi Z, Mo J. Advancing stroke therapy: the potential of MOF-based nanozymes in biomedical applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1363227. [PMID: 38798955 PMCID: PMC11119330 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1363227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explored the growing use of metal-organic framework (MOF)-based Nanozymes in biomedical research, with a specific emphasis on their applications in stroke therapy. We have discussed the complex nature of stroke pathophysiology, highlighting the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and acknowledging the limitations of natural enzymes in addressing these challenges. We have also discussed the role of nanozymes, particularly those based on MOFs, their structural similarities to natural enzymes, and their potential to improve reactivity in various biomedical applications. The categorization of MOF nanozymes based on enzyme-mimicking activities is discussed, and their applications in stroke therapy are explored. We have reported the potential of MOF in treating stroke by regulating ROS levels, alleviation inflammation, and reducing neuron apoptosis. Additionally, we have addressed the challenges in developing efficient antioxidant nanozyme systems for stroke treatment. The review concludes with the promise of addressing these challenges and highlights the promising future of MOF nanozymes in diverse medical applications, particularly in the field of stroke treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Chen
- The Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Yang Qin
- Department of Graduate and Postgraduate Education Management, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yongmei Peng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ruyu Mai
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Huanyao Teng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Medical College of Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingxin Mo
- The Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Lab of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
84
|
Wang LL, Kang ML, Liu CW, Liu L, Tang B. Panax notoginseng Saponins Activate Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 to Inhibit Ferroptosis and Attenuate Inflammatory Injury in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:821-839. [PMID: 38699996 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS), the primary medicinal ingredient of Panax notoginseng, mitigates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) by inhibiting inflammation, regulating oxidative stress, promoting angiogenesis, and improving microcirculation. Moreover, PNS activates nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which is known to inhibit ferroptosis and reduce inflammation in the rat brain. However, the molecular regulatory roles of PNS in CIRI-induced ferroptosis remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of PNS on ferroptosis and inflammation in CIRI. We induced ferroptosis in SH-SY5Y cells via erastin stimulation and oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) in vitro. Furthermore, we determined the effect of PNS treatment in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion and assessed the underlying mechanism. We also analyzed the changes in the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins and inflammatory factors in the established rat model. OGD/R led to an increase in the levels of ferroptosis markers in SH-SY5Y cells, which were reduced by PNS treatment. In the rat model, combined treatment with an Nrf2 agonist, Nrf2 inhibitor, and PNS-Nrf2 inhibitor confirmed that PNS promotes Nrf2 nuclear localization and reduces ferroptosis and inflammatory responses, thereby mitigating brain injury. Mechanistically, PNS treatment facilitated Nrf2 activation, thereby regulating the expression of iron overload and lipid peroxidation-related proteins and the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes. This cascade inhibited ferroptosis and mitigated CIRI. Altogether, these results suggest that the ferroptosis-mediated activation of Nrf2 by PNS reduces inflammation and is a promising therapeutic approach for CIRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P. R. China
| | - Man-Lin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P. R. China
| | - Can-Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P. R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410600, P. R. China
| | - Biao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Chinese Medicinal Powder & Innovative Medicinal Jointly Established by Province and Ministry, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, P. R. China
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410600, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Zhao L, Shi H, Zhang F, Xue H, Han Q. Hederagenin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury via attenuating ALOX5-mediated ferroptosis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3411-3424. [PMID: 37955689 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Hederagenin (HDG), a medical herb, is known for its beneficial activities against diverse diseases. The cardioprotective effect of HDG has been preliminarily disclosed, but the efficacy and underlying mechanism by which HDG protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury have not been elucidated yet. To simulate MI/R injury, the left anterior descending artery was occluded for 30 min and then reperfusion for 120 min in a rat model, and the cellular model of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury was constructed in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Hematoxylin-eosin, Prussian blue, and 2,3,5-triphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining were conducted to assess the histological injury, iron deposition, and myocardial infarction. Myocardial enzymes and oxidative stress-related factors were detected using their commercial kits. Lipid peroxidation was measured using BODIPY581/591 probe, and iron content was detected. Cell counting kit (CCK)-8, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), and flow cytometry assays were performed to assess cell viability and apoptosis. Protein levels were investigated by western blot. The interaction between HDG and 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5) was verified using molecular docking. Our findings indicated that HDG significantly attenuated myocardial dysfunction by reducing infarction and myocardial injury. HDG significantly attenuated myocardial apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, as well as alleviating oxidative stress via reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and maintaining the balance between antioxidant and oxidant enzymes. Meanwhile, HDG inhibited I/R-induced ferroptosis in myocardium and cardiomyocytes, including reducing lipid peroxidation and iron level. Moreover, the binding relationship between HDG and ALOX5 was verified, and HDG could concentration dependently downregulate ALOX5. Furthermore, ALOX5 overexpression eliminated the inhibition of HDG on H/R-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. HDG ameliorated myocardial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte injury by reducing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis through inhibiting ALOX5, providing a new perspective on the prevention and treatment of MI/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghong Xue
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China.
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
86
|
Lénárt N, Cserép C, Császár E, Pósfai B, Dénes Á. Microglia-neuron-vascular interactions in ischemia. Glia 2024; 72:833-856. [PMID: 37964690 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a devastating condition that results in impaired blood flow in the brain leading to acute brain injury. As the most common form of stroke, occlusion of cerebral arteries leads to a characteristic sequence of pathophysiological changes in the brain tissue. The mechanisms involved, and comorbidities that determine outcome after an ischemic event appear to be highly heterogeneous. On their own, the processes leading to neuronal injury in the absence of sufficient blood supply to meet the metabolic demand of the cells are complex and manifest at different temporal and spatial scales. While the contribution of non-neuronal cells to stroke pathophysiology is increasingly recognized, recent data show that microglia, the main immune cells of the central nervous system parenchyma, play previously unrecognized roles in basic physiological processes beyond their inflammatory functions, which markedly change during ischemic conditions. In this review, we aim to discuss some of the known microglia-neuron-vascular interactions assumed to contribute to the acute and delayed pathologies after cerebral ischemia. Because the mechanisms of neuronal injury have been extensively discussed in several excellent previous reviews, here we focus on some recently explored pathways that may directly or indirectly shape neuronal injury through microglia-related actions. These discoveries suggest that modulating gliovascular processes in different forms of stroke and other neurological disorders might have presently unexplored therapeutic potential in combination with neuroprotective and flow restoration strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Lénárt
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Cserép
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Császár
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Pósfai
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dénes
- Momentum Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
87
|
Shang J, Jiao J, Wang J, Yan M, Li Q, Shabuerjiang L, Huang G, Song Q, Wen Y, Zhang X, Wu K, Cui Y, Liu X. Chrysin inhibits ferroptosis of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via regulating HIF-1α/CP loop. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116500. [PMID: 38555815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Chrysin is a natural flavonoid with powerful neuroprotective capacity. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is associated with oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and ceruloplasmin (CP) are the critical targets for oxidation reactions and iron transport. But the regulatory mechanism between them is still unclear. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model in rats and oxygen and glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model in PC12 cells were applied. Pathological tissue staining and biochemical kit were used to evaluate the effect of chrysin. The relationship between HIF-1α and CP was verified by transcriptomics, qRT-PCR and Western blot. In CIRI, HIF-1α/CP loop was discovered to be the regulatory pathway of ferroptosis. CIRI led to activation and nuclear translocation of HIF-1α, which promoted CP transcription and translation, and downstream ferroptosis. Inhibition of HIF-1α had opposite effect on CP and ferroptosis regulation. Overexpression of CP increased the expression of HIF-1α, nevertheless, inhibited the nuclear translocation of HIF-1α and alleviated CIRI. Silencing CP promoted HIF-1α elevation in nucleus and aggravated CIRI. Mechanistically, chrysin restrained HIF-1α nuclear translocation, thereby inhibiting CP transcription and translation, which in turn reduced downstream HIF-1α expression and mitigated ferroptosis in CIRI. Our results highlight chrysin restrains ferroptosis in CIRI through HIF-1α/CP loop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Shang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jiakang Jiao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Mingxue Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qiannan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Lizha Shabuerjiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Guijinfeng Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Qi Song
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yinlian Wen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Kai Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yiran Cui
- Department of pharmacy, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| |
Collapse
|
88
|
Sun Y, Jin H, He J, Lai J, Lin H, Liu X. Melatonin alleviates ischemic stroke by inhibiting ferroptosis through the CYP1B1/ACSL4 pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2623-2633. [PMID: 38205686 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This study utilized middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse models and HT-22 cell oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models to investigate the therapeutic effects of melatonin on ischemic brain injury. In the experiments, MCAO mice were treated with 5 and 10 mg/kg doses of melatonin, and H-T22 cells underwent OGD/R treatment and were administered different concentrations of melatonin. The results showed that melatonin significantly reduced ischemic brain area, neural damage, cerebral edema, and neuronal apoptosis in MCAO mice. In the HT-22 cell model, melatonin also improved cell proliferation ability, reduced apoptosis, and ROS production. Further mechanistic studies found that melatonin exerts protective effects by inhibiting ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, through regulation of the ACSL4/CYP1B1 pathway. In MCAO mice, melatonin decreased lipid peroxidation, ROS production, and ACSL4 protein expression. Overexpression of CYP1B1 increased ACSL4 ubiquitination and degradation, thereby increasing cell tolerance to ferroptosis, reducing ACSL4 protein levels, and decreasing ROS production. CYP1B1 knockdown obtained opposite results. The CYP1B1 metabolite 20-HETE induces expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO10 by activating PKC signaling, which promotes ACSL4 degradation. In the OGD/R cell model, inhibition of CYP1B1 expression reversed the therapeutic effects of melatonin. In summary, this study demonstrates that melatonin protects the brain from ischemic injury by inhibiting ferroptosis through regulation of the ACSL4/CYP1B1 pathway, providing evidence for new therapeutic targets for ischemic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Longgang Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haiyan Jin
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Longgang Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Longgang Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinyu Lai
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Longgang Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Longgang Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Third People's Hospital of Longgang Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
89
|
Jia J, Jiao W, Wang G, Wu J, Huang Z, Zhang Y. Drugs/agents for the treatment of ischemic stroke: Advances and perspectives. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:975-1012. [PMID: 38126568 DOI: 10.1002/med.22009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) poses a significant threat to global human health and life. In recent decades, we have witnessed unprecedented progresses against IS, including thrombolysis, thrombectomy, and a few medicines that can assist in reopening the blocked brain vessels or serve as standalone treatments for patients who are not eligible for thrombolysis/thrombectomy therapies. However, the narrow time windows of thrombolysis/thrombectomy, coupled with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation, as well as the lack of highly effective and safe medications, continue to present big challenges in the acute treatment and long-term recovery of IS. In the past 3 years, several excellent articles have reviewed pathophysiology of IS and therapeutic medicines for the treatment of IS based on the pathophysiology. Regretfully, there is no comprehensive overview to summarize all categories of anti-IS drugs/agents designed and synthesized based on molecular mechanisms of IS pathophysiology. From medicinal chemistry view of point, this article reviews a multitude of anti-IS drugs/agents, including small molecule compounds, natural products, peptides, and others, which have been developed based on the molecular mechanism of IS pathophysiology, such as excitotoxicity, oxidative/nitrosative stresses, cell death pathways, and neuroinflammation, and so forth. In addition, several emerging medicines and strategies, including nanomedicines, stem cell therapy and noncoding RNAs, which recently appeared for the treatment of IS, are shortly introduced. Finally, the perspectives on the associated challenges and future directions of anti-IS drugs/agents are briefly provided to move the field forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijie Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guan Wang
- Novel Technology Center of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
90
|
Peng H, Xin S, Pfeiffer S, Müller C, Merl-Pham J, Hauck SM, Harter PN, Spitzer D, Devraj K, Varynskyi B, Arzberger T, Momma S, Schick JA. Fatty acid-binding protein 5 is a functional biomarker and indicator of ferroptosis in cerebral hypoxia. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:286. [PMID: 38653992 PMCID: PMC11039673 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06681-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The progression of human degenerative and hypoxic/ischemic diseases is accompanied by widespread cell death. One death process linking iron-catalyzed reactive species with lipid peroxidation is ferroptosis, which shows hallmarks of both programmed and necrotic death in vitro. While evidence of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative disease is indicated by iron accumulation and involvement of lipids, a stable marker for ferroptosis has not been identified. Its prevalence is thus undetermined in human pathophysiology, impeding recognition of disease areas and clinical investigations with candidate drugs. Here, we identified ferroptosis marker antigens by analyzing surface protein dynamics and discovered a single protein, Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 5 (FABP5), which was stabilized at the cell surface and specifically elevated in ferroptotic cell death. Ectopic expression and lipidomics assays demonstrated that FABP5 drives redistribution of redox-sensitive lipids and ferroptosis sensitivity in a positive-feedback loop, indicating a role as a functional biomarker. Notably, immunodetection of FABP5 in mouse stroke penumbra and in hypoxic postmortem patients was distinctly associated with hypoxically damaged neurons. Retrospective cell death characterized here by the novel ferroptosis biomarker FABP5 thus provides first evidence for a long-hypothesized intrinsic ferroptosis in hypoxia and inaugurates a means for pathological detection of ferroptosis in tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Shan Xin
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Susanne Pfeiffer
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Constanze Müller
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Spitzer
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Kavi Devraj
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Science and Technology Pilani, Hyderabad, India
| | - Borys Varynskyi
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Physical and Colloidal Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 26 Maiakovskoho Ave., 69035, Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 23, 81377, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Momma
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Joel A Schick
- Genetics and Cellular Engineering Group, Research Unit Signaling and Translation, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Zhang J, Chen Z, Chen Q. Advanced Nano-Drug Delivery Systems in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke. Molecules 2024; 29:1848. [PMID: 38675668 PMCID: PMC11054753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the frequency of strokes has been on the rise year by year and has become the second leading cause of death around the world, which is characterized by a high mortality rate, high recurrence rate, and high disability rate. Ischemic strokes account for a large percentage of strokes. A reperfusion injury in ischemic strokes is a complex cascade of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, immune infiltration, and mitochondrial damage. Conventional treatments are ineffective, and the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leads to inefficient drug delivery utilization, so researchers are turning their attention to nano-drug delivery systems. Functionalized nano-drug delivery systems have been widely studied and applied to the study of cerebral ischemic diseases due to their favorable biocompatibility, high efficiency, strong specificity, and specific targeting ability. In this paper, we briefly describe the pathological process of reperfusion injuries in strokes and focus on the therapeutic research progress of nano-drug delivery systems in ischemic strokes, aiming to provide certain references to understand the progress of research on nano-drug delivery systems (NDDSs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (J.Z.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (J.Z.); (Z.C.)
| | - Qi Chen
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Medical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Wang H, Ma J, Li X, Peng Y, Wang M. FDA compound library screening Baicalin upregulates TREM2 for the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 969:176427. [PMID: 38428662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of global incidence and mortality rates. Oxidative stress and inflammation are key factors in the pathogenesis of AIS neuroinjury. Therefore, it is necessary to develop drugs that target neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in AIS. The Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2), primarily expressed on microglial cell membranes, plays a critical role in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in AIS. In this study, we employed a high-throughput screening (HTS) strategy to evaluate 2625 compounds from the (Food and Drug Administration) FDA library in vitro to identify compounds that upregulate the TREM2 receptor on microglia. Through this screening, we identified Baicalin as a potential drug for AIS treatment. Baicalin, a flavonoid compound extracted and isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis, demonstrated promising results. Next, we established an in vivo mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (MCAO/R) and an in vitro microglia cell of oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGD/R) to investigate the role of Baicalin in inflammation injury, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis. Our results showed that baicalin effectively inhibited microglia activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inflammatory responses in vitro. Additionally, baicalin suppressed neuronal cell apoptosis. In the in vivo experiments, baicalin not only improved neurological functional deficits and reduced infarct volume but also inhibited microglia activation and inflammatory responses. Overall, our findings demonstrate the efficacy of Baicalin in treating MCAO/R by upregulating TREM2 to reduce inflammatory responses and inhibit neuronal apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiying Biomedical Research Center of Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Jialiang Ma
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiying Biomedical Research Center of Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiying Biomedical Research Center of Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Yanhui Peng
- Department of Neurology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi 830000, China
| | - Manxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiying Biomedical Research Center of Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Zhang XY, Han PP, Zhao YN, Shen XY, Bi X. Crosstalk between autophagy and ferroptosis mediate injury in ischemic stroke by generating reactive oxygen species. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28959. [PMID: 38601542 PMCID: PMC11004216 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke represents a significant threat to global human health, characterized by high rates of morbidity, disability, and mortality. Predominantly, strokes are ischemic in nature. Ischemic stroke (IS) is influenced by various cell death pathways, notably autophagy and ferroptosis. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the interplay between autophagy and ferroptosis, a process likely driven by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Post-IS, either the inhibition of autophagy or its excessive activation can escalate ROS levels. Concurrently, the interaction between ROS and lipids during ferroptosis further augments ROS accumulation. Elevated ROS levels can provoke endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced autophagy and, in conjunction with free iron (Fe2+), can trigger ferroptosis. Moreover, ROS contribute to protein and lipid oxidation, endothelial dysfunction, and an inflammatory response, all of which mediate secondary brain injury following IS. This review succinctly explores the mechanisms of ROS-mediated crosstalk between autophagy and ferroptosis and the detrimental impact of increased ROS on IS. It also offers novel perspectives for IS treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yu Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Graduate School of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping-Ping Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ning Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Ya Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Bi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Wu C, Zhang S, Sun H, Li A, Hou F, Qi L, Liao H. STING inhibition suppresses microglia-mediated synapses engulfment and alleviates motor functional deficits after stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:86. [PMID: 38584255 PMCID: PMC11000342 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. Ischemia leads to progressive neuronal death and synapse loss. The engulfment of stressed synapses by microglia further contributes to the disruption of the surviving neuronal network and related brain function. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective target for suppressing the microglia-mediated synapse engulfment. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an important participant in innate immune response. In the brain, microglia are the primary cell type that mediate immune response after brain insult. The intimate relationship between STING and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation has been gradually established. However, whether STING affects other functions of microglia remains elusive. In this study, we found that STING regulated microglial phagocytosis of synapses after photothrombotic stroke. The treatment of STING inhibitor H151 significantly improved the behavioral performance of injured mice in grid-walking test, cylinder test, and adhesive removal test after stroke. Moreover, the puncta number of engulfed SYP or PSD95 in microglia was reduced after consecutive H151 administration. Further analysis showed that the mRNA levels of several complement components and phagocytotic receptors were decreased after STING inhibition. Transcriptional factor STAT1 is known for regulating most of the decreased molecules. After STING inhibition, the nucleus translocation of phosphorylated STAT1 was also suppressed in microglia. Our data uncovered the novel regulatory effects of STING in microglial phagocytosis after stroke, and further emphasized STING as a potential drug-able target for post-stroke functional recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoran Wu
- New Drug Screening Center, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shiwen Zhang
- New Drug Screening Center, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hao Sun
- New Drug Screening Center, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ao Li
- New Drug Screening Center, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Fengsheng Hou
- New Drug Screening Center, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Long Qi
- New Drug Screening Center, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Hong Liao
- New Drug Screening Center, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
95
|
Chen F, Wu L, Zhang M, Kan M, Chen H, Wang X, Qu J. Autophagy-related 5 in acute ischemic stroke: Variation and linkage with neurofunction, and survival. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2024; 11:856-865. [PMID: 38530706 PMCID: PMC11021666 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) facilitates the pathologic process of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) via multiple ways. This study aimed to identify the association of serum ATG5 with clinical outcomes in AIS patients. METHODS Serum ATG5 from 280 AIS patients were detected at admission, Day (D)1, D3, D7, D30, and D90 after admission by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The median (interquartile range) follow-up was 21.1 (5.9-43.9) months. Another 50 healthy controls (HCs) were also enrolled for serum ATG5 determination. RESULTS ATG5 was elevated (p < 0.001) (vs. HCs), and positively correlated with hyperlipidemia (p = 0.016), and the national institutes of health stroke scale score (p = 0.001) in AIS patients. Interestingly, ATG5 was increased from admission to D1, but gradually decreased until D90 (p < 0.001). Besides, 85 (30.4%) and 195 (69.6%) AIS patients were assessed as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) >2 and mRS ≤2 at D90, respectively. ATG5 at admission, D1, D3, D30, and D90 was elevated in AIS patients with mRS >2 versus those with mRS ≤2 (all p < 0.050). ATG5 at admission, D1, D3, D7, D30, or D90 was elevated in relapsed (vs. non-relapsed) or died (vs. survived) AIS patients (all p < 0.050). Recurrence-free survival was shortened in AIS patients with high (≥52.0 ng/mL) ATG5 versus those with low (<52.0 ng/mL) ATG5 at admission, D3, D7, and D30 (all p < 0.050); overall survival was shorter in AIS patients with high (vs. low) ATG5 at D7 and D30 (both p < 0.050). INTERPRETATION Serum ATG5 elevates at first, thereafter gradually declines, whose elevation associates with neurological dysfunction, recurrence, and death risk in AIS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Chen
- Department II of EmergencyHandan Central HospitalHandan056008China
| | - Linxia Wu
- Department II of EmergencyHandan Central HospitalHandan056008China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department II of EmergencyHandan Central HospitalHandan056008China
| | - Minchen Kan
- Department II of EmergencyHandan Central HospitalHandan056008China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Department II of EmergencyHandan Central HospitalHandan056008China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department I of Neonatal WardHandan Central HospitalHandan056008China
| | - Juanjuan Qu
- Department II of EmergencyHandan Central HospitalHandan056008China
| |
Collapse
|
96
|
Dai L, Sun Z, Jiang J, Wei J, Song X, Chen S, Li Y. Synchronous Superficial Middle Cerebral Vein Outflow Correlates Favorable Tissue Fate After Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Acad Radiol 2024; 31:1548-1557. [PMID: 37541827 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the association between hemispheric synchrony in venous outflow at baseline and tissue fate after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A two-center retrospective analysis involving AIS patients who underwent MT was performed. The four cortical veins of interest include the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV), sphenoparietal sinus (SS), vein of Labbé (VOL), and vein of Trolard (VOT). Baseline computed tomography perfusion data were used to compare the following outflow parameters between the hemispheres: first filling time (△FFT), time to peak (△TTP) and total filling time (△TFT). Synchronous venous outflow was defined as △FFT = 0. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association of venous outflow synchrony with penumbral salvage, infarct growth, and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) after MT. RESULTS A total of 151 patients (71.4 ± 13.2 years, 65.6% women) were evaluated. Patients with synchronous SMCV outflow demonstrated significantly greater penumbral salvage (41.3 mL vs. 33.1 mL, P = 0.005) and lower infarct growth (9.0 mL vs. 14.4 mL, P = 0.015) compared to those with delayed SMCV outflow. Higher △FFTSMCV (β = -1.44, P = 0.013) and △TTPSMCV (β = -0.996, P = 0.003) significantly associated with lower penumbral salvage, while higher △FFTSMCV significantly associated with larger infarct growth (β = 1.09, P = 0.005) and increased risk of ICH (odds ratio [OR] = 1.519, P = 0.047). CONCLUSION Synchronous SMCV outflow is an independent predictor of favorable tissue outcome and low ICH risk, and thereby carries the potential as an auxiliary radiological marker aiding the treatment planning of AIS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisong Dai
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China (L.D., Z.S., J.J., X.S., S.C., Y.L.)
| | - Zheng Sun
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China (L.D., Z.S., J.J., X.S., S.C., Y.L.)
| | - Jingxuan Jiang
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China (L.D., Z.S., J.J., X.S., S.C., Y.L.); Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China (J.J.)
| | - Jianyong Wei
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.W.)
| | - Xinyu Song
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China (L.D., Z.S., J.J., X.S., S.C., Y.L.)
| | - Shen Chen
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China (L.D., Z.S., J.J., X.S., S.C., Y.L.)
| | - Yuehua Li
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China (L.D., Z.S., J.J., X.S., S.C., Y.L.).
| |
Collapse
|
97
|
Ma R, Norbo K, Zhu Y, Zhu C, Zhou F, Dhondub L, Gyaltsen K, Wu C, Dai J. Chemical proteomics unveils that seventy flavors pearl pill ameliorates ischemic stroke by regulating oxidative phosphorylation. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107187. [PMID: 38354502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke has high mortality and morbidity rates and is the second leading cause of death in the world, but there is no definitive medicine. Seventy Flavors Pearl Pill (SFPP) is a classic formula in Tibetan Medicine. Clinical practice has shown the attenuation effect of SFPP on blood pressure disorders, strokes and their sequelae and other neurological symptoms, but its mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we established three animal models in vivo and three cell models to evaluate the anti-hypoxia, anti-ischemia, and reperfusion injury prevention effects of SFPP. Quantitative proteomics revealed that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is essential for SFPP's efficacy. Then, cysteine-activity based protein profiling technology, which reflects redox stress at the proteome level, was employed to illustrate that SFPP brought functional differences of critical proteins in OXPHOS. In addition, quantitative metabolomics revealed that SFPP affects whole energy metabolism with OXPHOS as the core. Finally, we performed a compositional identification of SFPP to initially explore the components of potential interventions in OXPHOS. These results provide new perspectives and tools to explore the mechanism of herbal medicine. The study suggests that OXPHOS could be a potential target for further research and intervention of ischemic stroke treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruyun Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kelsang Norbo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China; Technological Innovation Center of Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lasa, P.R. China
| | - Yanning Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Technological Innovation Center of Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lasa, P.R. China
| | - Lobsang Dhondub
- Technological Innovation Center of Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lasa, P.R. China
| | - Kelsang Gyaltsen
- Technological Innovation Center of Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lasa, P.R. China
| | - Caisheng Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Jianye Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China; Technological Innovation Center of Traditional Tibetan Medicine Modernization of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lasa, P.R. China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Northwestern Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Liu C, Liu E, Li Z, Li W, Jin J, Sui H, Chen G, Sun Z, Xi H. Danlou tablet attenuates ischemic stroke injury and blood‒brain barrier damage by inhibiting ferroptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117657. [PMID: 38145861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Danlou tablet (DLT) is a traditional Chinese medicinal formulation known for replenishing Qi, promoting blood circulation, and resolving stasis. Its pharmacological actions primarily involve anti-inflammatory, antioxidant stress reduction, antiapoptotic, proangiogenic, and improved energy metabolism. DLT has been confirmed to have favorable therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke (IS). However, the underlying mechanism through which DLT affects IS-induced brain injury remains unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of danlou tablet on ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse model, the impact of DLT on the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) and brain injury in mice was assessed. Network pharmacology and bioinformatics analyses were utilized to explore the potential mechanisms of DLT in treating IS. Endothelial cells were cultured to observe the effects of DLT on vascular endothelial cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion, and these findings were validated in the brains of tMCAO mice. RESULTS DLT alleviated oxidative stress and brain damage in tMCAO mice, mitigating BBB damage. A total of 185 potential targets through which DLT regulates IS were identified, including COX2, a known critical marker of ferroptosis, which identified as a key target. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that DLT significantly (p < 0.05) improved cell death and vascular barrier damage in IS, reducing intracellular oxidative stress and COX2 protein levels while increasing SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein levels. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that DLT maintained BBB integrity and alleviated brain injury of tMCAO mice by inhibiting ferroptosis. The study partially unraveled the mechanism through which DLT functioned in treating IS and further clarified the pivotal active components of DLT, thereby providing a theoretical scientific basis for treating IS with DLT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Enran Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Zhixi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Wenqiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang Province, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Road, Beijing, 100053, PR China.
| | - Haijing Sui
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Guangmin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 199 Dazhi Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Zhenyu Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| | - Hongjie Xi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China; Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
99
|
Sun X, Pan Y, Luo Y, Guo H, Zhang Z, Wang D, Li C, Sun X. Naoxinqing tablet protects against cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury by regulating ampkα/NAMPT/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 322:117672. [PMID: 38159826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Naoxinqing (NXQ) tablets are derived from persimmon leaves and are widely used in China for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in China. We aimed to explore whether NXQ has the therapeutic effect on ischemic stroke and explored its possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) surgery was used to establish the cerebral ischemic/reperfusion rat model. NXQ (60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg) were administered orally. The TTC staining, whole brain water content, histopathology staining, immunofluorescent staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analyses were performed to determine the therapeutical effect of NXQ on MCAO/R rats. RESULTS The study demonstrated that NXQ reduced the cerebral infarction volumes and neurologic deficits in MCAO/R rats. The neuroprotective effects of NXQ were accompanied by inhibited oxidative stress and inflammation. The nerve regeneration effects of NXQ were related to regulating the AMPKα/NAMPT/SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. CONCLUSION In summary, our results revealed that NXQ had a significant protective effect on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. This study broadens the therapeutic scope of NXQ tablets and provides new neuroprotective mechanisms of NXQ as an anti-stroke therapeutic agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haibiao Guo
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Deqin Wang
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuyuan Li
- Hutchison Whampoa Guangzhou Baiyunshan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Xie J, Zhang Y, Li B, Xi W, Wang Y, Li L, Liu C, Shen L, Han B, Kong Y, Yao H, Zhang Z. Inhibition of OGFOD1 by FG4592 confers neuroprotection by activating unfolded protein response and autophagy after ischemic stroke. J Transl Med 2024; 22:248. [PMID: 38454480 PMCID: PMC10921652 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04993-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke is a common neurological disease with a significant financial burden but lacks effective drugs. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) participate in the pathophysiological process of ischemia. However, whether FG4592, the first clinically approved PHDs inhibitor, can alleviate ischemic brain injury remains unclear. METHODS The infarct volumes and behaviour tests were first analyzed in mice after ischemic stroke with systemic administration of FG4592. The knockdown of HIF-1α and pretreatments of HIF-1/2α inhibitors were then used to verify whether the neuroprotection of FG4592 is HIF-dependent. The targets predicting and molecular docking methods were applied to find other targets of FG4592. Molecular, cell biological and gene knockdown methods were finally conducted to explore the potential neuroprotective mechanisms of FG4592. RESULTS We found that the systemic administration of FG4592 decreased infarct volume and improved neurological defects of mice after transient or permanent ischemia. Meanwhile, FG4592 also activated autophagy and inhibited apoptosis in peri-infarct tissue of mice brains. However, in vitro and in vivo results suggested that the neuroprotection of FG4592 was not classical HIF-dependent. 2-oxoglutarate and iron-dependent oxygenase domain-containing protein 1 (OGFOD1) was found to be a novel target of FG4592 and regulated the Pro-62 hydroxylation in the small ribosomal protein s23 (Rps23) with the help of target predicting and molecular docking methods. Subsequently, the knockdown of OGFOD1 protected the cell against ischemia/reperfusion injury and activated unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy. Moreover, FG4592 was also found to activate UPR and autophagic flux in HIF-1α independent manner. Blocking UPR attenuated the neuroprotection, pro-autophagy effect and anti-apoptosis ability of FG4592. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that FG4592 could be a candidate drug for treating ischemic stroke. The neuroprotection of FG4592 might be mediated by inhibiting alternative target OGFOD1, which activated the UPR and autophagy and inhibited apoptosis after ischemic injury. The inhibition of OGFOD1 is a novel therapy for ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xie
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Institution of Neuropsychiatry, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Xi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, No. 87 Dingjiaqiao Road, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - HongHong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Institution of Neuropsychiatry, Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute of Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|