51
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Domena JB, Celebic E, Ferreira BCLB, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Chen J, Bartoli M, Tagliaferro A, Johnson Q, Chauhan BPS, Paulino V, Olivier JH, Leblanc RM. Investigation into Red Emission and Its Applications: Solvatochromic N-Doped Red Emissive Carbon Dots with Solvent Polarity Sensing and Solid-State Fluorescent Nanocomposite Thin Films. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041755. [PMID: 36838742 PMCID: PMC9960500 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a NIR emitting dye, p-toluenesulfonate (IR-813) was explored as a model precursor to develop red emissive carbon dots (813-CD) with solvatochromic behavior with a red-shift observed with increasing solvent polarity. The 813-CDs produced had emission peaks at 610 and 698 nm, respectively, in water with blue shifts of emission as solvent polarity decreased. Subsequently, 813-CD was synthesized with increasing nitrogen content with polyethyleneimine (PEI) to elucidate the change in band gap energy. With increased nitrogen content, the CDs produced emissions as far as 776 nm. Additionally, a CD nanocomposite polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) film was synthesized to assess the phenomenon of solid-state fluorescence. Furthermore, the CDs were found to have electrochemical properties to be used as an additive doping agent for PVP film coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B. Domena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Ermin Celebic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - Jiuyan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | - M. Bartoli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - A. Tagliaferro
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Qiaxian Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Rd, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA
| | - Bhanu P. S. Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, William Paterson University of New Jersey, 300 Pompton Rd, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA
| | - Victor Paulino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
| | | | - Roger M. Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
- Correspondence:
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52
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Campalani C, Bragato N, Morandini A, Selva M, Fiorani G, Perosa A. Carbon Dots as Green Photocatalysts for Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Methacrylates. Catal Today 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
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53
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Huang Q, Qiao Lv, Jiang L, Chen Q, Zhang K. Recent progress of biocompatible carbon dots in hypoxia-related fields. J Biomater Appl 2023; 37:1159-1168. [PMID: 36083209 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221125313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Almost all eukaryotes need oxygen to maintain regular physiological activities. When the organism is under hypoxic situation for a persistent or periodic, it will induce irreversible physiological disorders and even pathological results. Hypoxia is closely related to the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, cancer, chronic heart disease and kidney disease, myocardial ischemia, as well as reproductive diseases like preeclampsia and endometriosis. Therefore, monitoring and treatment of hypoxia have important implications for the pathophysiology of human-related diseases. Carbon dots (CDs) are emerging nanomaterials developed after 2004 with excellent performance, and have broad application potential in variousdomains likeoptical, biomedicine, energy. Advanced hypoxia therapeutics should be integrated with monitoring and treatment, and CDs with excellent performance are good potential options when sensing is combined with various therapeutic methods. Some researchers have also begun to carry out research in related fields and achieved some results. This article aims to clarify the various applications of CDs in hypoxia-related fields in recent years, including hypoxia sensing and hypoxia tumor theranostics. Finally, the possible challenges and prospects for the application of CDs in hypoxia-related fields are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Huang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiao Lv
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kebin Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Xinqiao Hospital, 12525Army Medical UniversityThird Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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54
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Xue S, Li P, Sun L, An L, Qu D, Wang X, Sun Z. The Formation Process and Mechanism of Carbon Dots Prepared from Aromatic Compounds as Precursors: A Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2206180. [PMID: 36650992 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots are a novel type of nanomaterial. Due to their excellent optical properties, they have extensive application prospects in many fields. Studying the formation process and fluorescence mechanism of CDs will assist scientists in understanding the synthesis of CDs and guide more profound applications. Due to their conjugated structures, aromatic compounds have been continuously used to synthesize CDs, with emissions ranging from blue to NIR. There is a lack of a systematic summary of the formation process and fluorescence mechanism of aromatic precursors to form CDs. In this review, the formation process of CDs is first categorized into three main classes according to the precursor types of aromatic compounds: amines, phenols, and polycyclics. And then, the fluorescence mechanism of CDs synthesized from aromatic compounds is summarized. The challenges and prospects are proposed in the last section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Xue
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Lu Sun
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Li An
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Dan Qu
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
| | - Zaicheng Sun
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Beijing, 100124, P. R. China
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Xu KF, Jia HR, Wang Z, Feng HH, Li LY, Zhang R, Durrani S, Lin F, Wu FG. See the Unseen: Red-Emissive Carbon Dots for Visualizing the Nucleolar Structures in Two Model Animals and In Vivo Drug Toxicity. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2205890. [PMID: 36634974 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nucleolus, which participates in many crucial cellular activities, is an ideal target for evaluating the state of a cell or an organism. Here, bright red-emissive carbon dots (termed CPCDs) with excitation-independent/polarity-dependent fluorescence emission are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal reaction between congo red and p-phenylenediamine. The CPCDs can achieve wash-free, real-time, long-term, and high-quality nucleolus imaging in live cells, as well as in vivo imaging of two common model animals-zebrafish and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Strikingly, CPCDs realize the nucleolus imaging of organs/flowing blood cells in zebrafish at a cellular level for the first time, and the superb nucleolus imaging of C. elegans suggests that the germ cells in the spermatheca probably have no intact nuclei. These previously unachieved imaging results of the cells/tissues/organs may guide the zebrafish-related studies and benefit the research of C. elegans development. More importantly, a novel strategy based on CPCDs for in vivo toxicity evaluation of materials/drugs (e.g., Ag+ ), which can visualize the otherwise unseen injuries in zebrafish, is developed. In conclusion, the CPCDs represent a robust tool for visualizing the structures and dynamic behaviors of live zebrafish and C. elegans, and may find important applications in cell biology and toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Ran Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Heng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Ling-Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Rufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Samran Durrani
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Fengming Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
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Yu H, Tang K, Cai Z, Lin X, Huang Y, Yu T, Zhang Q, Wang Q, Wu L, Yang L, Shan H, Luo H. Carbon Dots-Based Nanozyme for Drug-Resistant Lung Cancer Therapy by Encapsulated Doxorubicin/siRNA Cocktail. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:933-948. [PMID: 36852185 PMCID: PMC9960730 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s390984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nanomaterials exhibited intrinsic enzyme-like properties due to the unique properties compared with natural enzyme. Carbon dots (CDs) are an important kind of quantum-sized nanomaterials, which have enormous application potential in bio-imaging, drug carrier, and nanosystems. Carbon dots possess intrinsic enzyme-like properties, such as glutathione (GSH) oxidase or peroxidase activities. Methods A co-delivery nanosystem that could carry siRNA and doxorubucin (DOX) simultaneously has been studied in this work. The co-delivery based on carbon dots was surface-modified with poly-ethylenimine (PEI) and loaded the siMRP1 with chemotherapeutics on the surface with pH-triggered drug release. The CD-PEI was synthesized by one-step microwave assisted method; the PEI was raw materials and passivator during the reaction process that makes CDs exhibit excellent optical property. Results The CD-PEI was capable of loading and delivering siMRP1 and DOX to tumors and releasing them synchronously in cells in an acid-triggered manner. The particles exhibited GSH oxidase-like catalytic property, oxidizing GSH to oxidized glutathione with concomitant increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that silencing of MRP1 by co-delivery system antagonized chemoresistance by increasing DOX accumulation and significantly enhancing the inhibitory effect of cell viability induced by CD-PEI-DOX. The co-delivery system dramatically inhibited tumor growth in xenograft model, and CDs counteracted MRP1 function by siRNA-mediated knockdown of MRP1. Conclusion Taken together, we uncover the potential role of CDs with a combination of siRNA and chemotherapeutics in overcoming chemoresistance of lung cancer by suppressing MRP1 and oxidation of GSH. Our findings imply its potential of antagonizing chemoresistance to enhance therapeutic efficiency of doxorubicin in clinical practices of lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailing Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Cai
- Department of Radiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongquan Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- The Green Aerotechnics Research Institute of Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Center for Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Shan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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57
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Engineering and surface modification of carbon quantum dots for cancer bioimaging. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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58
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Bai C, Tang M. Progress on the toxicity of quantum dots to model organism-zebrafish. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:89-106. [PMID: 35441386 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In vivo toxicological studies are currently necessary to analyze the probable dangers of quantum dots (QDs) to the environment and human safety, due to the fast expansion of QDs in a range of applications. Because of its high fecundity, cost-effectiveness, well-defined developmental phases, and optical transparency, zebrafish has long been considered the "gold standard" for biosafety assessment of chemical substances and pollutants. In this review, the advantages of using zebrafish in QD toxicity assessment were explored. Then, the target organ toxicities such as developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity were summarized. The hazardous effects of different QDs, including cadmium-containing QDs like CdTe, CdSe, and CdSe/ZnS, as well as cadmium-free QDs like graphene QDs (GQDs), graphene oxide QDs (GOQDs), and others, were emphasized and described in detail, as well as the underlying mechanisms of QDs generating these effects. Furthermore, general physicochemical parameters determining QD-induced toxicity in zebrafish were introduced, such as chemical composition and surface coating/modification. The limitations and special concerns of using zebrafish in QD toxicity studies were also mentioned. Finally, we predicted that the utilization of high-throughput screening assays and omics, such as transcriptome sequencing, proteomics, and metabolomics will be popular topic in nanotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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59
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Zhou Y, Zhang W, Leblanc RM. Structure-Property-Activity Relationships in Carbon Dots. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:10777-10796. [PMID: 36395361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c06856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are one of the most versatile nanomaterials discovered in the 21st century. They possess many properties and thus hold potentials in diverse applications. While an increasing amount of attention has been given to these novel nanoparticles, the broad scientific community is actively engaged in exploring their limits. Recent studies on the fractionalization and assembly of CDs further push the limits beyond just CDs and demonstrate that CDs are both a mixture of heterogeneous fractions and promising building blocks for assembly of large carbon-based materials. With CDs moving forward toward both microscopic and macroscopic levels, a good understanding of the structure-property-activity relationships is essential to forecasting the future of CDs. Hence, in this Perspective, structure-property-activity relationships are highlighted based on the repeatedly verified findings in CDs. In addition, studies on CD fractionalization and assembly are briefly summarized in this Perspective. Eventually, these structure-property-activity relationships and controllability are essential for the development of CDs with desired properties for various applications especially in photochemistry, electrochemistry, nanomedicine, and surface chemistry. In summary, in our opinion, since 2004 until the present, history has witnessed a great development of CDs although there is still some room for more studies. Also, considering many attractive properties, structure-property-activity relationships, and the building block nature of CDs, a variety of carbon-based materials of interest can be constructed from CDs with control. They can help reduce blind trials in the development of carbon-based materials, which is of great significance in materials science, chemistry, and any fields related to the applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States.,C-Dots LLC, Miami, Florida 33136, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
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60
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Li J, Wang X, Yu J, Wang H, Wang X. Facile Synthesis of Carbon Dots from Amido Black 10b for Sensing in Real Samples. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:47002-47008. [PMID: 36570244 PMCID: PMC9773358 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a one-step hydrothermal synthesis method was adopted to fabricate carbon dots (CDs) from amido black 10b in a sodium hydroxide solution. The morphology and composition of the CDs were investigated by XRD, FTIR TEM, XPS, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The obtained CDs (AB-CDs) with an average diameter of 19.4 nm displayed a well-dispersed characteristic in aqueous solutions. The as-prepared CDs showed bright blue fluorescence and good photostability, with a high quantum yield of 24.1%. AB-CDs displayed a selective and noticeable turn-off response to Fe3+. Accordingly, the quantitative detection of Fe3+ was achieved in the range of 5-200 μmol L-1 with a detection limit of 1.84 μmol L-1. The fluorescence response mechanism of Fe3+ to AB-CDs was ascribed to static quenching due to the emergence of the ground-state complex. Moreover, ascorbic acid could restore the fluorescence of AB-CDs quenched by Fe3+ by reducing Fe3+ to Fe2+. The developed nanoprobe was used to detect ascorbic acid with a limit of detection of 7.26 μmol L-1 in the range of 20-300 μmol L-1. Furthermore, the developed sensing system was successfully applied for an Fe3+ assay in a lake water sample and ascorbic acid detection in a human urine sample. The AB-CD-based analytical system showed its latent practical value in the chemical analysis and bioanalytical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Reproductive
Medicine Center, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei
University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei441300, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Reproductive
Medicine Center, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei
University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei441300, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Yu
- Center
for Translational Medicine, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei441300, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanqin Wang
- Center
for Translational Medicine, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei441300, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Reproductive
Medicine Center, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei
University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei441300, People’s Republic of China
- Center
for Translational Medicine, Suizhou Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei441300, People’s Republic of China
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61
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Carbon dots-based fluorescence sensor for two-photon imaging of pH in diabetic mice. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ramos-Soriano J, Ghirardello M, Galan MC. Carbon-based glyco-nanoplatforms: towards the next generation of glycan-based multivalent probes. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:9960-9985. [PMID: 36416290 PMCID: PMC9743786 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00741j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface carbohydrates mediate a wide range of carbohydrate-protein interactions key to healthy and disease mechanisms. Many of such interactions are multivalent in nature and in order to study these processes at a molecular level, many glycan-presenting platforms have been developed over the years. Among those, carbon nanoforms such as graphene and their derivatives, carbon nanotubes, carbon dots and fullerenes, have become very attractive as biocompatible platforms that can mimic the multivalent presentation of biologically relevant glycosides. The most recent examples of carbon-based nanoplatforms and their applications developed over the last few years to study carbohydrate-mediate interactions in the context of cancer, bacterial and viral infections, among others, are highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ramos-Soriano
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
- Glycosystems Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ), CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Mattia Ghirardello
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Calle Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logroño, Spain.
| | - M Carmen Galan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK.
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Carbon Dots Derived from Tea Polyphenols as Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238627. [PMID: 36500718 PMCID: PMC9736769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become an emerging cancer treatment method. Choosing the photosensitizer (PS) compounds is one of the essential factors that can influence the PDT effect and action. Carbon dots (CDs) have shown great potential as photosensitizers in PDT of cancers due to their excellent biocompatibility and high generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we used tea polyphenol as raw material for synthesized tea polyphenol carbon dots (T-CDs) that show dual emission bands of red and blue fluorescence and can efficiently generate hydroxyl radicals (OH) under mildly visible irradiation with a LED light (400-500 nm, 15 mW cm-2). The extremely low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility of T-CDs without light irradiation were tested using MTT and hemolytic assay. Further, T-CDs have been shown by in vivo experiments, using a mouse breast cancer cell line (4T1) subcutaneously injected in the back of the mouse buttock as a model, to effectively inhibit the tumor cell proliferation in solid tumors and show an excellent PDT effect. In addition, pathological sections of the mice tissues after further treatment showed that the T-CDs had no apparent impact on the major organs of the mice and did not produce any side effect lesions. This work demonstrates that the as-synthesized T-CDs has the potential to be used as a PS in cancer treatment.
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Wang F, Yu Q, Li J, Jiang J, Deng T, Yu C. Biomimetic macrophage membrane-coated gold-quantum dots with tumor microenvironment stimuli-responsive capability for tumor theranostic. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100359. [PMID: 35937575 PMCID: PMC9352966 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is intently related to tumor growth, progression and invasion, leading to drug resistance and insufficient therapeutic efficacy. However, remodeling TME and utilizing TME for exploring intelligent nanomaterials that can realize tumor theranostic is still challenging. Nowadays, the theranostic based on chemotherapy exposes some deficiencies, such as low targeting, weak permeability and premature clearance. Furthermore, it is challenging to cure drug-resistant tumors effectively. For the sake of solving these problems, a biomimetic decomposable nano-theranostic (MMV-Au-CDs-DOX) was well-established in this work. The Au-CDs are coated with macrophage-derived microvesicle to realize drug release accurately and enhance the biocompatibility of internal nanoparticles. Furthermore, MMV-Au-CDs-DOX would locate in the inflammation position of tumor, and disintegrate correspondingly into pieces with certain different functions stimulated by TME. Subsequently, the released anti-tumor nanodrugs were used for multimodal therapy, including chemotherapy and hemodynamic therapy. In addition, combined with the ability of Au-CDs to recognize GSH specifically, the off-on fluorescent probe was constructed to monitor the GSH of tumor cells and provided information on chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Jia Li
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Junhao Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolism Research, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
| | - Tao Deng
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
- Corresponding author. Chongqing pharmacodynamic evaluation engineering technology research center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China.
| | - Chao Yu
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
- Chongqing Pharmacodynamic Evaluation Engineering Technology Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China
- Corresponding author. Research Center of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 40016, China.
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65
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Tao J, Zou H, Liao X, Lu X, Cao J, Pan J, Li C, Zheng Y. Fabrication of FA/HA-functionalized carbon dots for human breast cancer cell targeted imaging. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103099. [PMID: 36055626 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Green fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method and then modified into folic acid functionalized carbon dots (FA-CDs) and hyaluronic acid functionalized carbon dots (HA-CDs) with targeted function to study their application in breast cancer cells imaging. The microstructure of the CDs observed through TEM showed the CDs with a scale of 2.69 nm. FT-IR and XPS showed the changes of bonds and functional groups that confirmed the transformation of COOH and NH2 to amide bonds. FA-CDs and HA-CDs had good water solubility and cytocompatibility, which laid a foundation for their application in human breast cancer cells imaging. At the same time, FA-CDs and HA-CDs had strong fluorescence excitation, and the optimal emission wavelength was about 450 nm. In fluorescence imaging of cells, carbon dots had bright green fluorescence in both breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells) and normal cells (EC cells). After targeted endocytosis, FA-CDs and HA-CDs could emit bright green fluorescence in cancer cells but could not in normal cells, which proved that the synthesized FA-CDs and HA-CDs had targeting properties. FA-CDs and HA-CDs could be used to accurately identify breast cancer cells and normal cells as cancer diagnosis material, which had the potential application in early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Tao
- Department of Physics, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zou
- Department of Physics, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokun Liao
- Department of Physics, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjian Lu
- Department of Physics, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Physics, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Pan
- Department of Physics, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaorong Li
- Department of Physics, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Zheng
- Department of Physics, and Key Laboratory of ATMMT Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China.
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66
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Li J, Gong X. The Emerging Development of Multicolor Carbon Dots. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2205099. [PMID: 36328736 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a relatively new type of fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials, multicolor carbon dots (MCDs) have attracted much attention because of their excellent biocompatibility, tunable photoluminescence (PL), high quantum yield, and unique electronic and physicochemical properties. The multicolor emission characteristics of carbon dots (CDs) obviously depend on the carbon source precursor, reaction conditions, and reaction environment, which directly or indirectly determines the multicolor emission characteristics of CDs. Therefore, this review is the first systematic classification and summary of multiple regulation methods of synthetic MCDs and reviews the recent research progress in the synthesis of MCDs from a variety of precursor materials such as aromatic molecules, small organic molecules, and natural biomass, focusing on how different regulation methods produce corresponding MCDs. This review also introduces the innovative applications of MCDs in the fields of biological imaging, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), sensing, and anti-counterfeiting due to their excellent PL properties. It is hoped that by selecting appropriate adjustment methods, this review can inspire and guide the future research on the design of tailored MCDs, and provide corresponding help for the development of multifunctional MCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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67
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Aptamer-modified carbon dots for enhancement of photodynamic therapy of cancer cells. TALANTA OPEN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talo.2022.100161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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68
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Heo HJ, Park Y, Lee JH, Kim Y, Kim EK, Kim GH, Yu Y, Park SY, Seo HB, Pak K, Goh TS, Park S, Oh SO, Kwon W, Kim YH. Clinical big-data-based design of GLUT2-targeted carbon nanodots for accurate diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17053-17064. [PMID: 36367284 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04238j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor due to the delay in diagnosis. Herein, we aimed to discover a highly sensitive and specific biomarker for HCC based on genomic big data analysis and create an HCC-targeted imaging probe using carbon nanodots (CNDs) as contrast agents. In genomic analysis, we selected glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) as a potential imaging target for HCC. We confirmed the target suitability by immunohisto-chemistry tests of 339 patient samples, where 81.1% of the patients exhibited underexpression of GLUT2, i.e., higher GLUT2 intensity in non-tumor tissues than in tumor tissues. To visualize GLUT2, we conjugated CNDs with glucosamine (GLN) as a targeting ligand to yield glucosamine-labeled CNDs (GLN-CNDs). A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted on GLUT2-modified HepG2 cells to confirm the specificity of the GLN-CNDs. Since the GLUT2 expression is higher in hepatocytes than in HCC cells, the GLUT2-targeted contrast agent is highly attached to normal cells. However, it is possible to produce images in the same form as the images obtained with a cancer cell-targeted contrast agent by inverting color scaling. Our results indicate that GLUT2 is a promising target for HCC and that GLN-CNDs may potentially be used as targeted imaging probes for diagnosing HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Heo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yoonsang Park
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
- Nano Convergence Technology Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute (KETI), Seongnam 13509, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hee Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Kim
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ga Hyun Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program of Genomic Data Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeuni Yu
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - So Youn Park
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Center for Vessel-associated Diseases, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hie Bum Seo
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungjune Pak
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sik Goh
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Ock Oh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woosung Kwon
- Institute of Advanced Materials and Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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69
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In Situ Biosynthesis of Photothermal Parasite for Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy of Tumors. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110754. [DOI: 10.3390/gels8110754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been widely known as a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment in recent decades. However, some organic and inorganic photothermal agents exhibit shortcomings including potential long-term toxicity and lack of biodegradability. Biocompatible extracts from plants and animals provide several alternatives for the reformation of photothermal agents. Bio-inspired products still have inherent problems such as low accumulation in tumors, easy diffusion, and fast elimination. Herein, we aim to develop a biocompatible photothermal agent with tumor enrichment. Enlightened by “parasitized snails”, in situ biosynthesis of photothermal agents and fluorescence imaging-guided PTT are achieved with the assistance of alginate–calcium–genipin (ACG) hydrogel. ACG hydrogel is a mixture of alginate (ALG), calcium (Ca), and genipin (GP). Given that the crosslinking product of GP and protein displays fluorescent/photothermal features, the constructed ACG hydrogel can gradually react with the tumor and then “light up” and “ignite” the tumor under specific light excitation. The ACG hydrogel can be seen as a photothermal parasite, eventually leading to the death of tumor. The photothermal therapeutic effects of ACG hydrogel reacting with tumors are successfully proven in vivo. The naturally derived GP and ALG ensure the biosafety of the ACG hydrogel-based bio-application. This work is another successful practice of nature-inspired methodological strategy for in situ biosynthesis of the photothermal agent.
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70
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Yang Z, Xu T, Zhang S, Li H, Ji Y, Jia X, Li J. Multifunctional N,S-doped and methionine functionalized carbon dots for on-off-on Fe 3+ and ascorbic acid sensing, cell imaging, and fluorescent ink applying. NANO RESEARCH 2022; 16:5401-5411. [PMID: 36405981 PMCID: PMC9643953 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-022-5107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) have been identified as potential nanosensors and attracted tremendous research interests in wide areas including anti-counterfeiting, environmental and biological sensing and imaging in considering of the attractive optical properties. In this work, we present a CDs based fluorescent sensor from polyvinylpyrrolidone, citric acid, and methionine as precursors by hydrothermal approach. The selective quantifying of Fe3+ and ascorbic acid (AA) are based on the fluorescent on-off-on process, in which the fluorescent quenching is induced by the coordination of the Fe3+ on the surface of the CDs, while the fluorescence recovery is mainly attributed to redox reaction between Fe3+ and AA, breaking the coordination and bringing the fluorescence back. Inspired by the good water solubility and biocompatibility, significant photostability, superior photobleaching resistance as well as high selectivity, sensitivity, and interference immunity, which are constructed mainly from the N,S-doping and methionine surface functionalization, the CDs have not only been employed as fluorescence ink in multiple anti-counterfeiting printing and confidential document writing or transmitting, but also been developed as promising fluorescence sensors in solution and solid by CDs doped test strips and hydrogels for effectively monitoring and removing of Fe3+ and AA in environmental aqueous solution. The CDs have been also implemented as effective diagnostic candidates for imaging and tracking of Fe3+ and AA in living cells, accelerating the understanding of their function and importance in related biological processes for the prevention and treatment specific diseases. Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material (fluorescence spectra: UV and Xe irradiation, TG, thermo stability, ionic strength, relationship between fluorescence responses at different concentrations of Fe3+ and AA, reaction time-dependent fluorescent responses; XPS spectra of CDs + Fe3+ and Fe3+@CDs + AA; structural characterization; equations about fluorescence lifetime, quantum yield and LOD; comparison of the CDs for the detection of Fe3+ and AA with reported methods; detection of Fe3+ and AA in real samples; absorption of Fe3+ in environmental samples and MTT assay results) is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s12274-022-5107-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710127 China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710054 China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi’an, 710012 China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Shaobing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710127 China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710054 China
| | - Yali Ji
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710127 China
| | - Xiaodan Jia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, 710054 China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Resources Exploration and Comprehensive Utilization, Ministry of Land and Resources, Xi’an, 710012 China
| | - Jianli Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, 710127 China
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71
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Onyancha RB, Ukhurebor KE, Aigbe UO, Mogire NB, Chanzu I, Kitoto VA, Kusuma HS, Darmokoesoemo H. A review of the capabilities of carbon dots for the treatment and diagnosis of cancer-related diseases. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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72
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Arezki Y, Delalande F, Schaeffer-Reiss C, Cianférani S, Rapp M, Lebeau L, Pons F, Ronzani C. Surface charge influences protein corona, cell uptake and biological effects of carbon dots. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:14695-14710. [PMID: 36168840 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03611h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots are emerging nanoparticles (NPs) with tremendous applications, especially in the biomedical field. Herein is reported the first quantitative proteomic analysis of the protein corona formed on CDs with different surface charge properties. Four CDs were synthesized from citric acid and various amine group-containing passivation reagents, resulting in cationic NPs with increasing zeta (ζ)-potential and density of positive charges. After CD contact with serum, we show that protein corona identity is influenced by CD surface charge properties, which in turn impacts CD uptake and viability loss in macrophages. In particular, CDs with high ζ-potential (>+30 mV) and charge density (>2 μmol mg-1) are the most highly internalized, and their cell uptake is strongly correlated with a corona enriched in vitronectin, fibulin, fetuin, adiponectin and alpha-glycoprotein. On the contrary, CDs with a lower ζ-potential (+11 mV) and charge density (0.01 μmol mg-1) are poorly internalized, while having a corona with a very different protein signature characterized by a high abundance of apolipoproteins (APOA1, APOB and APOC), albumin and hemoglobin. These data illustrate how corona characterization may contribute to a better understanding of CD cellular fate and biological effects, and provide useful information for the development of CDs for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Arezki
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France.
| | - François Delalande
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), IPHC, UMR 7178, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67087 Strasbourg, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048 CNRS, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christine Schaeffer-Reiss
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), IPHC, UMR 7178, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67087 Strasbourg, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048 CNRS, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), IPHC, UMR 7178, CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67087 Strasbourg, France
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048 CNRS, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mickaël Rapp
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France.
| | - Luc Lebeau
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France.
| | - Françoise Pons
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France.
| | - Carole Ronzani
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, UMR 7199 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67400 Illkirch, France.
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74
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Camlik G, Ozakca I, Bilakaya B, Ozcelikay AT, Velaro AJ, Wasnik S, Degim IT. Development of composite carbon quantum dots-insulin formulation for oral administration. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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75
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Sekar R, Basavegowda N, Jena S, Jayakodi S, Elumalai P, Chaitanyakumar A, Somu P, Baek KH. Recent Developments in Heteroatom/Metal-Doped Carbon Dot-Based Image-Guided Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091869. [PMID: 36145617 PMCID: PMC9504834 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are advanced nanomaterials with a size of 2–10 nm and are considered zero-dimensional carbonaceous materials. CNDs have received great attention in the area of cancer theranostics. The majority of review articles have shown the improvement of CNDs for use in cancer therapy and bioimaging applications. However, there is a minimal number of consolidated studies on the currently developed doped CNDs that are used in various ways in cancer therapies. Hence, in this review, we discuss the current developments in different types of heteroatom elements/metal ion-doped CNDs along with their preparations, physicochemical and biological properties, multimodal-imaging, and emerging applications in image-guided photodynamic therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chengalpattu 603 308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Saktishree Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, GST Road, Chengalpattu 603 308, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santhoshkumar Jayakodi
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandian Elumalai
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Amballa Chaitanyakumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak University, Hyderabad 500 085, Telangana, India
| | - Prathap Somu
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-52-810-3029
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DNA-mediated Au@Ag@silica nanopopcorn fluorescent probe for in vivo near-infrared imaging of probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 212:114421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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77
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Cen Q, Fu F, Xu H, Luo L, Huang F, Xiang J, Li W, Pan X, Zhang H, Zheng M, Zheng Y, Li Q, Lei B. Glycine assists in efficient synthesis of herbal carbon dots with enhanced yield and performance. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6433-6442. [PMID: 35984665 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01334g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a special type of biomass, herbal medicine often contains a variety of biologically active substances, and taking it as a carbon source, it is expected to produce various types of biologically functional carbon dots (CDs). However, there are few reports in this field, especially in achieving enhanced performance of CDs by improving the utilization efficiency of active substances in medicinal materials. In this work, by adding glycine as an auxiliary agent in the preparation of CDs from herbal medicine (Exocarpium Citri Grandis), the carboxyl and amino groups of the adjuvant provided more reactive sites, which greatly improved the yield of CDs (about 6 times). More importantly, the antioxidant and biological activities of herbal CDs were also improved. By controlling the functional groups of adjuvants, the effects of carboxyl and amino groups in adjuvants on the synthesis of herbal CDs were compared. The results reveal that both carboxyl and amino groups can react with the substances in the carbon source, and the influence of amino groups was greater. After adding glycine, the size of the CDs became larger, resulting from the more abundant functional groups on the carbon skeleton, which was the main reason for the improved performance of the CDs. Finally, the biological activity experiment demonstrated that CDs derived from Exocarpium Citri Grandis and glycine could greatly enhance the vitality of cells and activate immune cells, which are expected to be applied in the field of cell reproduction and biological immunity. The method proposed in this work provides a potential strategy for high-yield preparation of CDs from biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Cen
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Fangmei Fu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, P. R. China
| | - Fanfan Huang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xiang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China. .,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Maoming, 525100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Pan
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China. .,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Maoming, 525100, P. R. China
| | - Mingtao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China. .,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Maoming, 525100, P. R. China
| | - Yinjian Zheng
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, P. R. China
| | - Qingming Li
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, P. R. China
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, P. R. China. .,Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Maoming, 525100, P. R. China
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78
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Chiou YR, Lin CJ, Harroun SG, Chen YR, Chang L, Wu AT, Chang FC, Lin YW, Lin HJ, Anand A, Unnikrishnan B, Nain A, Huang CC. Aminoglycoside-mimicking carbonized polymer dots for bacteremia treatment. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11719-11730. [PMID: 35913451 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr01959k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacteremia and associated bacterial sepsis are potentially fatal and occur when the host response to microbial invasion is impaired or compromised. This motivated us to develop carbonized polymer dots (CPDsMan/AA) from a mixture of mannose (Man) and positively charged amino acids [AAs; lysine, arginine (Arg), or histidine] through a one-step mild pyrolysis procedure, which effectively inhibited drug-resistant bacterial strains isolated from septic patients. The as-prepared CPDsMan/AA showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, including multidrug-resistant bacteria, even in human plasma. The minimal inhibitory concentration of CPDsMan/Arg is ca. 1.0 μg mL-1, which is comparable to or lower than those of other tested antibiotics (e.g., ampicillin, gentamicin, and vancomycin). In addition to directly disrupting bacterial membranes, the CPDsMan/Arg feature a structure similar to aminoglycoside antibiotics that could bind to 16S rRNA, thereby blocking bacterial protein synthesis. In vitro cytotoxic and hemolytic assays demonstrated the high biocompatibility of the CPDsMan/AA. In addition, in vivo studies on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected mice treated with the CPDsMan/Arg showed a significant decrease in mortality-even better than that of antibiotics. Overall, the synthesis of the CPDsMan/AA is cost-efficient, straightforward, and effective for treating bacteremia. The polymeric features of the CPDsMan/Arg, including cationic charges and specific groups, can be recognized as a safe and broad-spectrum biocide to lessen our reliance on antibiotics to treat systemic bacterial infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Chiou
- Graduate Institute of Photonics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Jung Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan.
| | - Scott G Harroun
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Yi-Ru Chen
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan.
| | - Lung Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay, Junior College of Medicine Nursing and Management, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
| | - An-Tai Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Chieh Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital and Mackay, Junior College of Medicine Nursing and Management, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
- Nursing and Management, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Taipei 11260, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 50058, Taiwan.
| | - Han-Jia Lin
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan.
| | - Anisha Anand
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan.
| | - Binesh Unnikrishnan
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan.
| | - Amit Nain
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Huang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan.
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202301, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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79
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Yu Q, Li J, Zhang X, Yang S, Zhou P, Xia J, Deng T, Yu C. Dual-Emission ZAISe/ZnS Quantum Dots for Multi-level Bio-Imaging: Foam Cells and Atherosclerotic Plaque Imaging. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 629:399-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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80
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Shi S, Zhang P, Chu X, Liu Y, Feng W, Zhou N, Shen J. Combination of Carbon Dots for the Design of Superhydrophobic Fluorescent Materials with Bioinspired Micro-Nano Multiscale Hierarchical Structure. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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81
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Arezki Y, Rapp M, Lebeau L, Ronzani C, Pons F. Cationic Carbon Nanoparticles Induce Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis in Macrophages via Lysosomal Dysfunction. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 4:925399. [PMID: 35928766 PMCID: PMC9345407 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.925399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials, including carbon dots (CDs), form a growing family of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) with widespread applications. As the rapid expansion of nanotechnologies raises safety concerns, interaction of NPs with the immune system is receiving a lot of attention. Recent studies have reported that engineered NPs may induce macrophage death by pyroptosis. Therefore, this study investigated whether cationic CDs induce pyroptosis in human macrophages and assessed the role of inflammasome and lysosome in this process. Cationic CDs were synthetized by microwave-assisted pyrolysis of citric acid and high molecular weight branched polyethyleneimine. The NPs evoked a dose-dependent viability loss in THP-1-derived macrophages. A cell leakage, an increase in IL-1β secretion and an activation of caspase-1 were also observed in response to the NPs. Inhibition of caspase-1 decreased CD-induced cell leakage and IL-1β secretion, while restoring cell viability. Besides, CDs triggered swelling and loss of integrity of lysosome, and inhibition of the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B decreased CD-induced IL-1β secretion. Thus, our data provide evidence that cationic CDs induce inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis in macrophages via lysosomal dysfunction.
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82
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Shi X, Tian Y, Liu Y, Xiong Z, Zhai S, Chu S, Gao F. Research Progress of Photothermal Nanomaterials in Multimodal Tumor Therapy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:939365. [PMID: 35898892 PMCID: PMC9309268 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.939365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aggressive growth of cancer cells brings extreme challenges to cancer therapy while triggering the exploration of the application of multimodal therapy methods. Multimodal tumor therapy based on photothermal nanomaterials is a new technology to realize tumor cell thermal ablation through near-infrared light irradiation with a specific wavelength, which has the advantages of high efficiency, less adverse reactions, and effective inhibition of tumor metastasis compared with traditional treatment methods such as surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Photothermal nanomaterials have gained increasing interest due to their potential applications, remarkable properties, and advantages for tumor therapy. In this review, recent advances and the common applications of photothermal nanomaterials in multimodal tumor therapy are summarized, with a focus on the different types of photothermal nanomaterials and their application in multimodal tumor therapy. Moreover, the challenges and future applications have also been speculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Shi
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengrong Xiong
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Shaobo Zhai
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shunli Chu
- Department of Implantology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Shunli Chu, ; Fengxiang Gao,
| | - Fengxiang Gao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Shunli Chu, ; Fengxiang Gao,
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83
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In Vitro Cancer Cell Imaging, Free Radical Scavenging, and Fe3+ Sensing Activity of Green Synthesized Carbon Dots from Leaves of Piper longum. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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84
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Li X, Lu Y, Li J, Zhou S, Wang Y, Li L, Zhao F. Photoluminescent carbon dots (PCDs) from sour apple: a biocompatible nanomaterial for preventing UHMWPE wear-particle induced osteolysis via modulating Chemerin/ChemR23 and SIRT1 signaling pathway and its bioimaging application. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:301. [PMID: 35761350 PMCID: PMC9235131 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoluminescent nanomaterials have been widely employed in several biological applications both in vitro and in vivo. For the first time, we report a novel application of sour apple-derived photoluminescent carbon dots (PCDs) for reducing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear particle-induced osteolysis using mouse calvarial model. Generally, aseptic prosthetic loosening seems to be a significant postoperative problem for artificial joints replacement, which is mainly contributed by UHMWPE-induced osteolysis. Hence, inhibiting osteoclastic bone-resorption could minimize UHMWPE-induced osteolysis for implant loosening. Prior to osteolysis studies, the prepared sour apple-derived PCDs were employed for bioimaging application. As expected, the prepared PCDs effectively inhibited the UHMWPE particle-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro. The PCDs treatment effectively inhibited the UHMWPE-induced osteoclast differentiation, F-actin ring pattern, and bone resorption in vitro. Also, the PCDs reduced the UHMWPE-induced ROS stress as well as the expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8. Further, the qPCR and western blot results hypothesized that PCDs inhibited the UHMWPE wear particle-induced osteolysis through suppressing chemerin/ChemR23 signaling and NFATc1 pathway, along with upregulation of SIRT1 expression. Overall, these findings suggest that the synthesized PCDs could be a potential therapeutic material for minimizing UHMWPE particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis to avoid postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Lu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengji Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangping Li
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengchao Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, People's Republic of China.
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85
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Dhas N, Pastagia M, Sharma A, Khera A, Kudarha R, Kulkarni S, Soman S, Mutalik S, Barnwal RP, Singh G, Patel M. Organic quantum dots: An ultrasmall nanoplatform for cancer theranostics. J Control Release 2022; 348:798-824. [PMID: 35752250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumours are the second leading cause of death globally, generating alterations in biological interactions and, as a result, malfunctioning of crucial genetic traits. Technological advancements have made it possible to identify tumours at the cellular level, making transcriptional gene variations and other genetic variables more easily investigated. Standard chemotherapy is seen as a non-specific treatment that has the potential to destroy healthy cells while also causing systemic toxicity in individuals. As a result, developing new technologies has become a pressing necessity. QDs are semiconductor particles with diameters ranging from 2 to 10 nanometers. QDs have grabbed the interest of many researchers due to their unique characteristics, including compact size, large surface area, surface charges, and precise targeting. QD-based drug carriers are well known among the many nanocarriers. Using QDs as a delivery approach enhances solubility, lengthens retention time, and reduces the harmful effects of loaded medicines. Several varieties of quantum dots used in drug administration are discussed in this article, along with their chemical and physical characteristics and manufacturing methods. Furthermore, it discusses the role of QDs in biological, medicinal, and theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namdev Dhas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Monarch Pastagia
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Alisha Khera
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Ritu Kudarha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Soji Soman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Gurpal Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
| | - Mital Patel
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400056, India.
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86
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Wang W, Lin X, Dong X, Sun Y. A multi-target theranostic nano-composite against Alzheimer's disease fabricated by conjugating carbon dots and triple-functionalized human serum albumin. Acta Biomater 2022; 148:298-309. [PMID: 35732234 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The complex pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves the aggregation and accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) as well as elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which requires the development of comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. In this work, a multifunctional theranostic nano-composite (HSA-BFP@CDs) is constructed by conjugating triple-functionalized human serum albumin (HSA-BFP) as a theranostic agent targeting Aβ and carbon dots (CDs) as an ROS scavenger. HSA-BFP@CDs exhibits a fluorescence "off-on" effect at 700 nm upon interaction with Aβ aggregates, showing the capability for detection of Aβ plaques and potential for early diagnosis of AD. Besides, HSA-BFP@CDs effectively inhibits the aggregation of Aβ, increasing the viability of Aβ-treated cells from 74% to over 95% at 100 µg/mL. Moreover, multiple ROS, including hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and Aβ-Cu2+-induced-ROS, can be scavenged by HSA-BFP@CDs, thus resulting in the mitigation of cellular oxidative damages. Experiments with the AD model of Caenorhabditis elegans further demonstrate the multifunctionality of HSA-BFP@CDs in imaging amyloid plaques, reducing Aβ deposition, and relieving oxidative stress in vivo, showing the prospect for Aβ- and ROS-targeted AD diagnosis and treatment. This work provided new insight into the design of protein-carbon dots conjugate and the development of multi-target therapy of AD. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, which currently affects over 55 million people worldwide. Due to the complex pathogenesis of AD involving amyloid β-protein (Aβ) aggregation as well as elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), it is highly desired to develop comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. In this paper, we fabricated a multifunctional theranostic nano-composite (HSA-BFP@CDs) via the conjugation of triple-functionalized human serum albumin (HSA-BFP) and carbon dots (CDs). The multifunctionality of HSA-BFP@CDs for efficient detection of Aβ aggregates and inhibition of Aβ aggregation as well as scavenging of ROS was demonstrated, demonstrating the potential of the protein-carbon dots conjugate for the multi-target therapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaoding Lin
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering and Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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87
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Somaraj G, Mathew S, Abraham T, Ambady KG, Mohan C, Mathew B. Nitrogen and Sulfur Co‐Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Sensing Applications: A Review. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Somaraj
- School of chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam India
| | - Sneha Mathew
- School of chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam India
| | - Thomas Abraham
- Department of Chemistry Catholicate College Pathanamthitta Kerala India
| | - K. G. Ambady
- Department of Special Education National Institute for the Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities Telangana India
| | - Chitra Mohan
- School of chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam India
| | - Beena Mathew
- School of chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam India
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88
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Zhang J, Yin X, Li C, Yin X, Xue Q, Ding L, Ju J, Ma J, Zhu Y, Du D, Reis RL, Wang Y. A Multifunctional Photoacoustic/Fluorescence Dual-Mode-Imaging Gold-Based Theranostic Nanoformulation without External Laser Limitations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110690. [PMID: 35275432 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Theranostics is a new type of biomedical technology that organically combines the diagnosis and therapy of diseases. Among molecular imaging techniques, the integration of photoacoustic (PA) and fluorescence (FL) imaging modes with high sensitivity and imaging depth provides precise diagnostic outcomes. Gold nanorods (Au NRs) are well-known contrast agents for PA imaging and photothermal therapy. However, their high toxicity, poor biocompatibility, rapid clearance, and the need for an external laser source limit their application. Therefore, modification of Au NRs with carbon-based nanomaterials (CBNs) is done to obtain a multifunctional dual-mode gold-based nanoformulation (mdGC), which preforms dual-mode imaging of PA and FL. The results show that mdGC promotes tumor cell apoptosis and exhibits good antitumor performance through the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway by increasing the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, reducing mitochondrial membrane potential, and regulating the expression of apoptosis-related genes. The targeting rate of mdGC to tumor tissue is up to 20.71 ± 1.94% ID g-1 ; the tumor growth inhibition rate is as high as 80.44% without external laser sources. In general, mdGC is a potential multifunctional diagnostic and therapy integrated nanoformulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xuelian Yin
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Qianghua Xue
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lin Ding
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jiale Ju
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jifei Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Dongshu Du
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Rui L Reis
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Yanli Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
- Tumor Precision Targeting Research Center & Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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89
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Hallaji Z, Bagheri Z, Oroujlo M, Nemati M, Tavassoli Z, Ranjbar B. An insight into the potentials of carbon dots for in vitro live-cell imaging: recent progress, challenges, and prospects. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:190. [PMID: 35419708 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-022-05259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a strong alternative to conventional fluorescent probes for cell imaging due to their brightness, photostability, tunable fluorescence emission, low toxicity, inexpensive preparation, and chemical diversity. Improving the targeting efficiency by modulation of the surface functional groups and understanding the mechanisms of targeted imaging are the most challenging issues in cell imaging by CDs. Firstly, we briefly discuss important features of fluorescent CDs for live-cell imaging application in this review. Then, the newest modulated CDs for targeted live-cell imaging of whole-cell, cell organelles, pH, ions, small molecules, and proteins are elaborately discussed, and their challenges in these fields are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hallaji
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14117-13116, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Bagheri
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983963113, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Oroujlo
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983963113, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Nemati
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983963113, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Tavassoli
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bijan Ranjbar
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14117-13116, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14117-13116, Tehran, Iran.
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90
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Hayakawa N, Kitayama Y, Igarashi K, Matsumoto Y, Takano E, Sunayama H, Takeuchi T. Fc Domain-Imprinted Stealth Nanogels Capable of Orientational Control of Immunoglobulin G Adsorbed In Vivo. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16074-16081. [PMID: 35353480 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of nanomaterial-cell interaction is an important requisite for a variety of biomedical applications such as drug delivery systems and theranostics. Here, we demonstrate the regulation of nanomaterial-cell interaction using the oriented adsorption of intrinsic immunoglobulin G (IgG) on molecularly imprinted polymer nanogels (MIP-NGs) capable of recognizing the fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain of IgG. The unique domain recognition property resulted in the suppression of the immune response in Fc domain receptor-possessing macrophages and natural killer cells due to the regulation of protein corona based on the oriented adsorption of IgG. This resulted in the hindrance of the Fc domain, which is the trigger of an immune response. Furthermore, the acquisition of stealth capability was successfully demonstrated in vivo using intravital confocal laser scanning microscopy. The domain imprinting proposed in this study will provide a new strategy for creating nanomaterials capable of domain recognition-based oriented adsorption of intrinsic proteins in situ, thus regulating the protein corona formed on the nanomaterials. Thus, the unique Fc domain-recognition nanomaterial developed in our study can be used for various biomedical applications to target specific cells without triggering an immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yukiya Kitayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kazunori Igarashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yu Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Eri Takano
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hirobumi Sunayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Center for Advanced Medical Engineering Research & Development (CAMED), Kobe University, 1-5-1 Minatojimaminami-machi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
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91
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Das A, Kundelev EV, Vedernikova AA, Cherevkov SA, Danilov DV, Koroleva AV, Zhizhin EV, Tsypkin AN, Litvin AP, Baranov AV, Fedorov AV, Ushakova EV, Rogach AL. Revealing the nature of optical activity in carbon dots produced from different chiral precursor molecules. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:92. [PMID: 35410998 PMCID: PMC9001697 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00778-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are light-emitting nanoparticles that show great promise for applications in biology and medicine due to the ease of fabrication, biocompatibility, and attractive optical properties. Optical chirality, on the other hand, is an intrinsic feature inherent in many objects in nature, and it can play an important role in the formation of artificial complexes based on CDs that are implemented for enantiomer recognition, site-specific bonding, etc. We employed a one-step hydrothermal synthesis to produce chiral CDs from the commonly used precursors citric acid and ethylenediamine together with a set of different chiral precursors, namely, L-isomers of cysteine, glutathione, phenylglycine, and tryptophan. The resulting CDs consisted of O,N-doped (and also S-doped, in some cases) carbonized cores with surfaces rich in amide and hydroxyl groups; they exhibited high photoluminescence quantum yields reaching 57%, chiral optical signals in the UV and visible spectral regions, and two-photon absorption. Chiral signals of CDs were rather complex and originated from a combination of the chiral precursors attached to the CD surface, hybridization of lower-energy levels of chiral chromophores formed within CDs, and intrinsic chirality of the CD cores. Using DFT analysis, we showed how incorporation of the chiral precursors at the optical centers induced a strong response in their circular dichroism spectra. The optical characteristics of these CDs, which can easily be dispersed in solvents of different polarities, remained stable during pH changes in the environment and after UV exposure for more than 400 min, which opens a wide range of bio-applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Das
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia.
| | - Evgeny V Kundelev
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Anna A Vedernikova
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Sergei A Cherevkov
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Denis V Danilov
- Research Park, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | | | - Evgeniy V Zhizhin
- Research Park, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Anton N Tsypkin
- Laboratory of Femtosecond Optics and Femtotechnology, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Aleksandr P Litvin
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
- Laboratory of Quantum Processes and Measurements, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Alexander V Baranov
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Fedorov
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
| | - Elena V Ushakova
- Center of Information Optical Technologies, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia.
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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92
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Duan X, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Wu X, Yue X, Geng Y, Shen J, Ding D. Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles with Intramolecular Motion-Induced Photothermy for Tumor Phototheranostics and Tooth Root Canal Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200179. [PMID: 35239994 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Much effort is devoted to develop agents with superior photoacoustic/photothermal properties for improved disease diagnosis and treatment. Herein, a new fused two isoindigo (DIID)-based semiconducting conjugated polymer (named PBDT-DIID) is rationally designed and synthesized with a strong near-infrared absorption band ranging from 700 to 1000 nm. Water-dispersing nanoparticles (NPs) of PBDT-DIID are prepared with good biocompatibility and a rather high photothermal conversion efficiency (70.6%), as the active excited-state intramolecular twist around the central double bonds in DIID permits most of the absorbed excitation energy flow to heat deactivation pathway through internal conversion. The photoacoustic signal can be further magnified by incorporation of polylactide (PLA) in the NP core to confine the generated heat of PBDT-DIID within NPs. The resultant doped NPs show excellent performance in photoacoustic imaging-guided photothermal therapy in an orthotopic 4T1 breast tumor-bearing mouse model. It is also found that the photothermal effect of the PBDT-DIID NPs is safe and quite efficacious to highly improve the root canal treatment outcome by heating the 1% NaClO solution inside the root canal upon 808 nm laser irradiation in a human extracted tooth root canal infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Duan
- Central Laboratory of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- Central Laboratory of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
| | - Xinying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xin Yue
- Central Laboratory of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Yanhou Geng
- School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou, 350207, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jing Shen
- Central Laboratory of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China
| | - Dan Ding
- Central Laboratory of Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nankai University, Tianjin, 300041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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93
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Xu J, Liang Q, Li Z, Osipov VY, Lin Y, Ge B, Xu Q, Zhu J, Bi H. Rational Synthesis of Solid-State Ultraviolet B Emitting Carbon Dots via Acetic Acid-Promoted Fractions of sp 3 Bonding Strategy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200011. [PMID: 35246877 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have received tremendous attention for their excellent photoluminescence (PL) properties. However, it remains a great challenge to obtain CDs with ultraviolet (UV, 200-400 nm) emission in solid state, which requires strict control of the CDs structure and overcoming the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). Herein, a new sp3 compartmentalization strategy is developed to meet these requirements, by employing acetic acid to promote fractions of sp3 bonding during the synthesis of CDs. It markedly decreases the size of sp2 conjugating units in the CDs, and shifts PL emission to the ultraviolet B (UVB) region (λmax = 308 nm). Moreover, sp2 domains are well spatially compartmentalized by sp3 domains and the ACQ effect is minimized, enabling the high quantum yield in solid state (20.2%, λex = 265 nm) with a narrow bandwidth of 24 nm and environmental robustness. The solid-state UVB emissive CDs are highly desired for application in photonic devices. Hence, a demo of UVB light-emitting diodes is fabricated for plant lighting, leading to a 29% increase of ascorbic acid content in the basil. Overall, a rational and efficient way to construct solid UVB-CDs phosphors for wide applications is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Qingjing Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zijian Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | | | - Yangjian Lin
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Binghui Ge
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Qian Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, 42 South Hezuohua Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, 42 South Hezuohua Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230029, China
| | - Hong Bi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
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94
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Zhang X, Wei X, Qi J, Shen J, Xu J, Gong G, Wei Y, Yang J, Zhu Q, Bai T, Guo Z, Qu X, Zhu Y. Simultaneous Detection of Bladder Cancer Exosomal MicroRNAs Based on Inorganic Nanoflare and DNAzyme Walker. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4787-4793. [PMID: 35275615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in the world, with high morbidity and mortality. It is essential to develop a non-invasive, highly accurate, and simple method for BC diagnosis. This work proposed a fluorescent biosensor based on inorganic nanoflares combined with a DNAzyme walker for the simultaneous detection of BC exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs). This biosensor was constructed on the Au nanoparticle (AuNP) modified with the carbon dot (CD)-labeled substrates and DNAzyme strands (AuNP@CDs inorganic nanoflares-DNAzyme, APCD). In the presence of target miRNAs, DNAzyme was activated and then cleaved the CD-labeled substrates and automatically walked along the AuNP, allowing fluorescence recovery. Due to the structure and functional composition, the APCD biosensors demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, with the reached limit of detection for a single miRNA at the femtomolar level and wide linear range from 50 fM to 10 nM. Furthermore, the simultaneous analysis of BC-related exosomal miR-133b and miR-135b in clinical serum specimens was achieved and consistent with qRT-PCR, suggesting it is a potential method for the diagnosis of BC and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Jijin Qi
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Junwen Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Nanjing University Medical School, Yancheng 224006, China
| | - Guangyu Gong
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Qingyi Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Tingting Bai
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Zhirui Guo
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Xiaojun Qu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
| | - Yefei Zhu
- Laboratory Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, China
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95
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Gao X, Wang L, Sun C, Zhou N. Research on Preparation Methods of Carbon Nanomaterials Based on Self-Assembly of Carbon Quantum Dots. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051690. [PMID: 35268791 PMCID: PMC8911832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, based on self-assembly of carbon quantum dots (CDs), an innovative method to prepare nanomaterials under the action of a metal catalyst was presented. CDs were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method with citric acid (CA) as the carbon source, ethylenediamine (EDA) as the passivator and FeSO4•7H2O as the pre-catalyst. In the experiment, it was found that the nano-carbon films with a graphene-like structure were formed on the surface of the solution. The structure of the films was studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), etc. The results demonstrated that the films were formed by the self-assembly of CDs under the action of the gas–liquid interface template and the metal catalyst. Meanwhile, the electrochemical performance of the films was evaluated by linear cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge discharge (GOD) tests. In addition, the bulk solution could be further reacted and self-assembled by reflux to form a bifunctional magnetic–fluorescent composite material. Characterizations such as X-ray diffractometer (XRD), fluorescence spectra (FL), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), etc. revealed that it was a composite of superparamagnetic γ-Fe2O3 and CDs. The results showed that self-assembly of CDs is a novel and effective method for preparing new carbon nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nan Zhou
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13-766-873-464
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96
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Zhao C, Sun S, Li S, Lv A, Chen Q, Jiang K, Jiang Z, Li Z, Wu A, Lin H. Programmed Stimuli-Responsive Carbon Dot-Nanogel Hybrids for Imaging-Guided Enhanced Tumor Phototherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10142-10153. [PMID: 35175020 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
For harmonizing the contradiction of nanotheranostic agents between enhanced tumor accumulation and penetration, efficient cell internalization and fast elimination are key tactics for promoting their clinical applications. Herein, programmed stimuli-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-carbon dot (PNIPAM-CD) hybrid nanogels are designed to address the abovementioned conflicts. The enlarged particle size of PNIPAM-CDs enables one to effectively improve their accumulation at tumor sites. Once the hybrid nanogels are docked in tumors and exposed to deep-red-light (660 nm) irradiation, heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from the CDs, consequently activating photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) effects and meanwhile inducing partial degradation of PNIPAM-CDs for deep tissue penetration. Further, enhanced cellular internalization of the functional components can be achieved owing to the pH-responsive charge reversal and temperature-dependent hydrophilic/hydrophobic conversion characteristics of PNIPAM-CDs. Finally, the overexpressed glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells would trigger further cleavage of the partially degraded hybrid nanogels, which is beneficial for their rapid clearance from the body. This work not only proposed a novel strategy to fabricate nanotheranostic agents using just a single functional component (i.e., the versatile CDs) to simplify the preparation process but also achieved effective delivery of agents into tumor cells by overcoming the multiple biological barriers to enhance therapeutic efficacy and decrease side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-Responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
- School of Life Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shan Sun
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-Responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Si Li
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-Responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - A'man Lv
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Zhenqi Jiang
- School of Life Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices & Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, CAS, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Hengwei Lin
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-Responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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97
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Dual-excitation red-emissive carbon dots excited by ultraviolet light for the mitochondria-targetable imaging and monitoring of biological process in living cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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98
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He D, Zhang X, Yao X, Yang Y. In vitro and in vivo highly effective antibacterial activity of carbon dots-modified TiO 2 nanorod arrays on titanium. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 211:112318. [PMID: 35007856 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Light-triggered antibacterial therapy has been proven to be a secure and effective way to treat bacterial infection. Nevertheless, the long-term security of the common photosensitizer remains to be seen in the body. In this work, carbon dots (CDs) with good biocompatibility are incorporated into TiO2 nanorods to improve the photocatalytic and photothermal ability of titanium implants under the irradiation of visible light (VL) and near-infrared (NIR) light. The C-TiO2 NR exhibit excellent in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial effect under 660 nm VL and 808 nm NIR light co-irradiation owing to the combined effect of hyperthermia, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nanorod structure. Besides, C-TiO2 NR can improve the adhesion and diffusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei He
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; College of Biomedical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopedics, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Laboratory of Biomaterial Surfaces & Interfaces, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection Institute of Jiangsu Province, National Graphene Products Quality Inspection and Testing Center (Jiangsu), Wuxi 214174, China.
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99
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Huang D, Qi H, Jing J, Sami R, Jing T, Alsufyani SJ, Benajiba N, Madkhali N. A Continuously Tunable Full-Color Emission Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots and for Ultrasensitive and Highly Selective Detection of Ascorbic Acid. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040693. [PMID: 35215021 PMCID: PMC8874706 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-doped carbon dots exhibiting excitation-dependent full-color emissions (F-NCDs) were prepared via the one-step hydrothermal method with citric acid and phenylenediamine. Specifically, the emission wavelength of the F-NCDs tuned from 452 nm to 602 nm due to the introduction of new energy levels by C=O and C=N functional groups. We exploited its stability in illumination, ionic strength, and pH, as well as its specificity, sensitivity, especially in ascorbic acid (AA) detection. F-NCDs could measure the AA concentration in the linear ranges of 0~0.1 and 0.1~1 mmol/L with the detection limit (LOD, S/N = 3) as low as 2.6 nmol/L. Additionally, we successfully detected AA in bovine serum with our F-NCDs and obtained the result within 1 min. Because of full-color emission features, we believe our F-NCDs have a great potential in fluorescent sensor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demin Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, No. 42, Wenhua Street, Qiqihar 161006, China; (D.H.); (T.J.)
| | - Haiyan Qi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, No. 42, Wenhua Street, Qiqihar 161006, China; (D.H.); (T.J.)
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (J.J.); (R.S.)
| | - Jing Jing
- School of Medicine and Health, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150000, China
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (J.J.); (R.S.)
| | - Rokayya Sami
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (J.J.); (R.S.)
| | - Tao Jing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, No. 42, Wenhua Street, Qiqihar 161006, China; (D.H.); (T.J.)
| | - Sultan J. Alsufyani
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nada Benajiba
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Deanship of Preparatory Year, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nawal Madkhali
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMISU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;
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Wang Y, Chen J, Tian J, Wang G, Luo W, Huang Z, Huang Y, Li N, Guo M, Fan X. Tryptophan-sorbitol based carbon quantum dots for theranostics against hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:78. [PMID: 35164792 PMCID: PMC8842979 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01275-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Despite novel advances in screening, targeting and immunotherapies, early diagnosis and satisfactory treatments against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain formidable challenges. Given the unique advantages, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) become a smart theranostic nanomaterial for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
Results
In this work, a type of bio-friendly CQDs, trichrome-tryptophan-sorbitol CQDs (TC-WS-CQDs), is synthesized from natural biocompatible tryptophan via the one-pot hydrothermal method. Compared with normal hepatocytes, a much stronger green fluorescence is detected in HCC cells, indicating the ability of TC-WS-CQDs to target HCC cells. Furthermore, green-emitting TC-WS-CQDs generate large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to autophagy of HCC cells. Additionally, the green-emitting TC-WS-CQDs perform significant tumor inhibition by inducing autophagy via p53-AMPK pathway in vitro and in vivo studies with almost no systemic toxicity.
Conclusions
The results may highlight a promising anticancer nanotheranostic strategy with integration of diagnosis, targeting, and therapy.
Graphical Abstract
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